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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Repetitious behaviour in the form of pestering</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the song by IU and Lim Seulong, see <a href="/wiki/Nagging_(song)" title="Nagging (song)">Nagging (song)</a>.</div> <p><b>Nagging</b>, in <a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_communication" title="Interpersonal communication">interpersonal communication</a>, is repetitious behaviour in the form of pestering, hectoring, harassing, or otherwise continuously urging an individual to complete previously discussed requests or act on advice. The word is derived from the Scandinavian <i>nagga</i>, which means "to gnaw".<sup id="cite_ref-Dean_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dean-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reporter <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bernstein" title="Elizabeth Bernstein">Elizabeth Bernstein</a> defined, in a <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i> article, nagging as "the interaction in which one person repeatedly makes a request, the other person repeatedly ignores it and both become increasingly annoyed".<sup id="cite_ref-wallstreet_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wallstreet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, nagging is a form of persistent <a href="/wiki/Persuasion" title="Persuasion">persuasion</a> that is more repetitive than aggressive and it is an interaction to which each party contributes. </p><p>Nagging is a very common form of persuasion used in all aspects of life including domestic and professional. It is also a common practice in order to avoid more aggressive persuasive moves like threats.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dynamics">Dynamics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Dynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kari_P._Soule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kari P. Soule (page does not exist)">Kari P. Soule</a> describes nagging as an "interpersonal ritual" but states that the term "seldom appears in interpersonal communication or conflict textbooks. It appears that 'nagging' is commonly used in everyday conversation but it rarely makes it to academic print".<sup id="cite_ref-soulework_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soulework-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nagging as a form of interpersonal communication is considered to be a repetitious form of persuasion that can be employed as an alternative to resorting to more aggressive tactics in order to gain <a href="/wiki/Compliance_(psychology)" title="Compliance (psychology)">compliance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-soulework_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soulework-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 195–196">: 195–196 </span></sup> Martin Kozloff, Ph.D., Professor of Education at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Wilmington" class="mw-redirect" title="University of North Carolina at Wilmington">University of North Carolina at Wilmington</a>, identifies four main steps of nagging: </p> <ol><li>The nagger gives the signal to perform or stop performing a task or behaviour.</li> <li>The person being nagged does not comply to the request from the nagger.</li> <li>In response, the nagger repeats his request or signal in a further effort to gain compliance.</li> <li>The person being nagged again responds with non-compliance.</li></ol> <p>Kozloff argues that this interaction cycle continues until either the one who is being nagged complies to the nagger's request or the nagger gives up the attempt to persuade. Kozloff identifies other important aspects of nagging; for instance, non-compliance is necessary for the persuader to be persistent. In addition, the persuader will often change the initial requests words and paralinguistic cues as a strategic tactic to entice the target into complying with the request.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding compliance, behavioural noncompliance describes the situation that occurs when the person being nagged remains silent or agrees to complete the request, but later does not follow through. This strategy is employed to end the confrontation or interaction quickly without conflict, which is why it is common among spouses or partners. As the nagging interaction that starts out in a calm and polite manner continues and the persuader becomes more repetitive, the interaction is more likely to become aggressive in nature. Verbal noncompliance, on the other hand, describes the situation that occurs when the target tells the persuader through words that he will not comply, and is a more direct tactic than behavioural noncompliance. An example of verbal noncompliance could be a simple no, or I am too busy right now, or an even more elaborate response. This tactic does end the nagging interaction more rapidly; however, it can cause a more aggressive response from the persuader, who may escalate persistent persuasion into a threat or another aggressive form of persuasion.<sup id="cite_ref-soulework_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soulework-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 196">: 196 </span></sup> </p><p>Psychotherapists such as Edward S. Dean, M.D. have reported that individuals who nag are often "weak, insecure, and fearful ... their nagging disguises a basic feeling of weakness and provides an illusion of <a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">power</a> and superiority".<sup id="cite_ref-Dean_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dean-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nagging is sometimes used by spouses of alcoholics as one of several "drinking control efforts",<sup id="cite_ref-Yoshioka_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoshioka-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it is often unproductive.<sup id="cite_ref-MeyersWolfe_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeyersWolfe-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Psychologically, nagging can act to <a href="/wiki/Reinforce" class="mw-redirect" title="Reinforce">reinforce</a> behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-MeyersWolfe_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeyersWolfe-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">University of Florida</a> found the main factors that lead a person to nag are differences in "gender, social distance, and social status and power".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gender">Gender</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Gender"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kari P. Soule found an equal number of men and women nag; however, studies have shown that women are more likely to nag both men and women, while men are more likely to nag only men.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marital">Marital</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nagging by spouses is a common marital complaint. Nagging can be found between both male and female spouses.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>, "It is possible for husbands to nag, and wives to resent them for nagging. But women are more likely to nag, experts say, largely because they are conditioned to feel more responsible for managing home and family life. And they tend to be more sensitive to early signs of problems in a relationship."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An 1897 article in <i><a href="/wiki/Good_Housekeeping" title="Good Housekeeping">Good Housekeeping</a></i> magazine stated that at that time, topics differed by gender; husbands' nagging usually involved finding "fault with their dinner, with the household bills [and] with the children", along with "carry[ing] home the worries of business.".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parental_and_child">Parental and child</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Parental and child"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A study done at <a href="/wiki/Washington_State_University" title="Washington State University">Washington State University</a> and published in 1959 described parental nagging of children as being a "symptom of the rejection of the child" in circumstances when children's requirements regarding "time and energy" are perceived to interfere with the mother's "individual needs and aspirations."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to James U. McNeal, there are seven classifications of juvenile nagging, wherein children nag their parents to obtain something they desire.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Middle Ages, a <a href="/wiki/Scold%27s_bridle" title="Scold's bridle">scold's bridle</a>, also called a brank, was an instrument of punishment used primarily on women.<sup id="cite_ref-FreeDictionary_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FreeDictionary-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The device was an iron muzzle in an iron framework that enclosed the head. A <a href="/wiki/Bridle" title="Bridle">bridle</a>-bit (or curb-plate), about 2 inches long and 1 inch broad, projected into the mouth and pressed down on top of the tongue.<sup id="cite_ref-NEN-UK_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEN-UK-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The curb-plate was frequently studded with spikes, so that if the offender moved her tongue, it inflicted pain and lacerated the tongue which made speaking impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wives who were seen as <a href="/wiki/Witch" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch">witches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrew_(archetype)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrew (archetype)">shrews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scold" class="mw-redirect" title="Scold">scolds</a>, were forced to wear a brank which was locked onto their head.<sup id="cite_ref-NEN-UK_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEN-UK-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/nagging" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/nagging">nagging</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypercriticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypercriticism">Hypercriticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monomania" title="Monomania">Monomania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dean-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dean_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dean_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDean1964–1965" class="citation cs2">Dean, Edward S. (1964–1965), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=PSAR.051D.0015A">"A Psychotherapeutic Investigation of Nagging"</a>, <i>Psychoanalytic Review</i>, <b>51</b> (51D): 15–21, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14218752">14218752</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychoanalytic+Review&rft.atitle=A+Psychotherapeutic+Investigation+of+Nagging&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=51D&rft.pages=15-21&rft.date=1964%2F1965&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14218752&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.aufirst=Edward+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pep-web.org%2Fdocument.php%3Fid%3DPSAR.051D.0015A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wallstreet-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wallstreet_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Elizabeth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203806504577180811554468728">"Meet the Marriage Killer"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Marriage+Killer&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052970203806504577180811554468728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozloff1988" class="citation book cs1">Kozloff, Martin A. (1988). <i>Productive interactions with students, children and clients</i>. Springfield.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Productive+interactions+with+students%2C+children+and+clients.&rft.place=Springfield&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Kozloff&rft.aufirst=Martin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-soulework-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-soulework_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-soulework_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-soulework_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoule2011" class="citation cs2">Soule, Kari P. (2011), "The What, When, Who and Why of Nagging in Interpersonal Relationships", in Galvin, Kathleen (ed.), <i>Making Connections</i>, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 193</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+What%2C+When%2C+Who+and+Why+of+Nagging+in+Interpersonal+Relationships&rft.btitle=Making+Connections&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Soule&rft.aufirst=Kari+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozloff1988" class="citation book cs1">Kozloff, Martin A. (1988). <i>Productive interactions with students, children and clients</i>. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Productive+interactions+with+students%2C+children+and+clients.&rft.place=Springfield%2C+IL&rft.pub=Charles+C.+Thomas&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Kozloff&rft.aufirst=Martin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoshioka-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yoshioka_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoshiokaThomasAger1992" class="citation cs2">Yoshioka, Marianne R.; Thomas, Edwin J.; Ager, Richard D. (1992), "Nagging and other drinking control efforts of spouses of uncooperative alcohol abusers: Assessment and modification", <i>Journal of Substance Abuse</i>, <b>4</b> (3): 309–318, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0899-3289%2892%2990038-Y">10.1016/0899-3289(92)90038-Y</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42%2F30339">2027.42/30339</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1458047">1458047</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:404214">404214</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Substance+Abuse&rft.atitle=Nagging+and+other+drinking+control+efforts+of+spouses+of+uncooperative+alcohol+abusers%3A+Assessment+and+modification&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=309-318&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027.42%2F30339&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A404214%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1458047&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0899-3289%2892%2990038-Y&rft.aulast=Yoshioka&rft.aufirst=Marianne+R.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Edwin+J.&rft.au=Ager%2C+Richard+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MeyersWolfe-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MeyersWolfe_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MeyersWolfe_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyersWolfe2003" class="citation cs2">Meyers, Robert J.; Wolfe, Brenda L (2003), <i>Get your loved one sober: alternatives to nagging, pleading, and threatening</i>, Hazelden Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59285-081-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59285-081-5"><bdi>978-1-59285-081-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Get+your+loved+one+sober%3A+alternatives+to+nagging%2C+pleading%2C+and+threatening&rft.pub=Hazelden+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-59285-081-5&rft.aulast=Meyers&rft.aufirst=Robert+J.&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Brenda+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoxer2002" class="citation cs2">Boxer, Diana (2002), "Nagging: The familial conflict arena", <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Pragmatics" title="Journal of Pragmatics">Journal of Pragmatics</a></i>, <b>34</b> (1): 49–61, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0378-2166%2801%2900022-4">10.1016/S0378-2166(01)00022-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pragmatics&rft.atitle=Nagging%3A+The+familial+conflict+arena&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=49-61&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0378-2166%2801%2900022-4&rft.aulast=Boxer&rft.aufirst=Diana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Soule, K. P. (2001). Persistence in compliance-gaining interactions: The Role of Nagging Behavior (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Northwestern University, Evanston, IL</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/valley-girl-brain/201702/is-there-ever-end-nagging">"Is There Ever an End to Nagging?"</a>. <i>Psychology Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Psychology+Today&rft.atitle=Is+There+Ever+an+End+to+Nagging%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fblog%2Fvalley-girl-brain%2F201702%2Fis-there-ever-end-nagging&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2012" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Elizabeth (2012-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203806504577180811554468728">"Meet the Marriage Killer"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Marriage+Killer&rft.date=2012-01-25&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052970203806504577180811554468728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jcGz-UVJgUAC&q=%22nagging%22&pg=PA164">"The Nagging Man"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Good_Housekeeping" title="Good Housekeeping">Good Housekeeping</a></i>. <b>26</b>: 164. 1897<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Good+Housekeeping&rft.atitle=The+Nagging+Man&rft.volume=26&rft.pages=164&rft.date=1897&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjcGz-UVJgUAC%26q%3D%2522nagging%2522%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllisIvan_Nyet1959" class="citation cs2">Ellis, David; Ivan Nyet, F. Ivan (1959), "The Nagging Parent", <i>The Family Life Coordinator</i>, <b>8</b> (1): 8–10, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F581432">10.2307/581432</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/581432">581432</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Family+Life+Coordinator&rft.atitle=The+Nagging+Parent&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=8-10&rft.date=1959&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F581432&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F581432%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Ivan+Nyet%2C+F.+Ivan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlosser2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schlosser" title="Eric Schlosser">Schlosser, Eric</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yNFN1OpnkBkC&q=Kids+as+Customers+McNeal+nagging&pg=PA44"><i>Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal, Volume 1000</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a>: <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</a>. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0395977897" title="Special:BookSources/978-0395977897"><bdi>978-0395977897</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fast+Food+Nation%3A+The+Dark+Side+of+the+All-American+Meal%2C+Volume+1000&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0395977897&rft.aulast=Schlosser&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyNFN1OpnkBkC%26q%3DKids%2Bas%2BCustomers%2BMcNeal%2Bnagging%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FreeDictionary-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FreeDictionary_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/branks">"Definition of branks"</a>. Free Dictionary<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+branks&rft.pub=Free+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreedictionary.com%2Fbranks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEN-UK-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEN-UK_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEN-UK_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallery.nen.gov.uk/image72332-.html">"Scolds Bridle"</a>. National Education Network, U.K<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scolds+Bridle&rft.pub=National+Education+Network%2C+U.K&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallery.nen.gov.uk%2Fimage72332-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walsall.gov.uk/museum_history_talk_sheds_light_on_the_scold_s_bridle.htm">"History talk sheds light on Scold's Bridle"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+talk+sheds+light+on+Scold%27s+Bridle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walsall.gov.uk%2Fmuseum_history_talk_sheds_light_on_the_scold_s_bridle.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagging&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/25103454">Concerning Nagging Women</a></i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSegalSimkins1996" class="citation book cs1">Segal, Julia; Simkins, John (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bl336y9vcE0C&q=%22nagging%22&pg=PA94"><i>Helping Children With Ill Or Disabled Parents: A Guide for Parents and Professionals</i></a>. Reader's Digest. pp. 93–94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781853024092" title="Special:BookSources/9781853024092"><bdi>9781853024092</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Helping+Children+With+Ill+Or+Disabled+Parents%3A+A+Guide+for+Parents+and+Professionals&rft.pages=93-94&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9781853024092&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.au=Simkins%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBl336y9vcE0C%26q%3D%2522nagging%2522%26pg%3DPA94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANagging" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagging&oldid=1200997504">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagging&oldid=1200997504</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Interpersonal_relationships" title="Category:Interpersonal relationships">Interpersonal relationships</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Intimate_relationships" title="Category:Intimate relationships">Intimate relationships</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parenting" title="Category:Parenting">Parenting</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_links_to_subscription-only_content" title="Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content">Pages containing links to subscription-only content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2024">Articles with dead external links from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 January 2024, at 18:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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