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Rosa Parks - Wikipedia

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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Biografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_giovinezza_e_i_primi_passi_da_attivista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_giovinezza_e_i_primi_passi_da_attivista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>La giovinezza e i primi passi da attivista</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_giovinezza_e_i_primi_passi_da_attivista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L&#039;arresto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L&#039;arresto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>L'arresto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L&#039;arresto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_protesta_da_parte_degli_afroamericani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_protesta_da_parte_degli_afroamericani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>La protesta da parte degli afroamericani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_protesta_da_parte_degli_afroamericani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dopo_la_protesta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dopo_la_protesta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Dopo la protesta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dopo_la_protesta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tributi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tributi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tributi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tributi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nei_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nei_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nei media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Nei_media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Nei media</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Nei_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Cinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Televisione_e_altro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Televisione_e_altro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Televisione e altro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Televisione_e_altro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Musica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Onorificenze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosa Parks</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un&#039;altra lingua. Disponibile in 102 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%8B%9B_%E1%8D%93%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B5" title="ሮዛ ፓርክስ - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮዛ ፓርክስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3" title="روزا باركس - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روزا باركس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3" title="روزا باركس - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روزا باركس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roza_Parks" title="Roza Parks - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Roza Parks" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B8" title="রোজা পার্কস - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোজা পার্কস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="ڕۆزا پارکس - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆزا پارکس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parksov%C3%A1" title="Rosa Parksová - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rosa Parksová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BA%CF%82" title="Ρόζα Παρκς - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρόζα Παρκς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="رزا پارکس - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رزا پارکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A1" title="רוזה פארקס - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוזה פארקס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रोज़ा पार्क्स - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोज़ा पार्क्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%A1_%D5%93%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Ռոզա Փարքս - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոզա Փարքս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%A1_%D5%93%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Ռոզա Փարքս - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ռոզա Փարքս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="ローザ・パークス - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローザ・パークス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="როზა პარქსი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="როზა პარქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%9E%90_%ED%8C%8C%ED%81%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="로자 파크스 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로자 파크스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - giudeo-spagnolo" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="giudeo-spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roza_P%C4%81rksa" title="Roza Pārksa - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roza Pārksa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रोजा पार्क्स - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रोजा पार्क्स" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="റോസ പാർക്സ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോസ പാർക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Ли Паркс - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Роза Ли Паркс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रोझा पार्क्स - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोझा पार्क्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ရိုဆာပတ် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရိုဆာပတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रोजा पार्क्स - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रोजा पार्क्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8" title="ਰੋਜ਼ਾ ਪਾਰਕਸ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਜ਼ਾ ਪਾਰਕਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="روزا پارکس - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روزا پارکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="روزا پارکس - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روزا پارکس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Паркс, Роза - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Паркс, Роза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रोजा पार्क्स - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रोजा पार्क्स" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parksov%C3%A1" title="Rosa Parksová - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rosa Parksová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="ரோசா பார்க்ஸ் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரோசா பார்க்ஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="రోసా పార్క్స్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రోసా పార్క్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Роза Паркс - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роза Паркс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="روزا پارکس - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روزا پارکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%8E%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="罗莎·帕克斯 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗莎·帕克斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%8E%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="羅莎·帕克斯 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅莎·帕克斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Rosa Parks" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%A8%82%E8%8E%8E" title="柏樂莎 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="柏樂莎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41921#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l&#039;enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosaparks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Rosaparks.jpg/220px-Rosaparks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Rosaparks.jpg/330px-Rosaparks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Rosaparks.jpg/440px-Rosaparks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="526" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>Rosa Parks con <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King" title="Martin Luther King">Martin Luther King</a>, 1955 circa</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rosa Louise Parks</b>, nata <b>Rosa Louise McCauley</b> (<a href="/wiki/Tuskegee" title="Tuskegee">Tuskegee</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_febbraio" title="4 febbraio">4 febbraio</a> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> – <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/24_ottobre" title="24 ottobre">24 ottobre</a> <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>), è stata un'<a href="/wiki/Attivismo" title="Attivismo">attivista</a> <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d&#39;America">statunitense</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg/220px-Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg/330px-Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg/440px-Rosa_Parks_1997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="1125" /></a><figcaption>Rosa Parks in una foto J.</figcaption></figure> <p>Attivista del movimento per i <a href="/wiki/Diritti_civili" title="Diritti civili">diritti civili</a>, divenne famosa per aver rifiutato nel 1955 di obbedire alla regola di cedere il proprio posto su un autobus a un bianco, dando così origine al <a href="/wiki/Boicottaggio_dei_bus_a_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery">boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery</a>. La sua azione si inseriva in un contesto di proteste; nove mesi prima <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colvin" title="Claudette Colvin">Claudette Colvin</a> era stata protagonista di un episodio analogo. All'episodio di Rosa Parks fu data maggiore risonanza.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rosa Parks è stata anche soprannominata <i>Mother of the Civil Rights Movement</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scrisse anche un'autobiografia, e soprattutto dopo la morte, la sua storia è stata protagonista di diversi prodotti d'intrattenimento di massa, come film e documentari di rilevanza internazionale.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_giovinezza_e_i_primi_passi_da_attivista">La giovinezza e i primi passi da attivista</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la sezione La giovinezza e i primi passi da attivista" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: La giovinezza e i primi passi da attivista"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rosa Parks era figlia di James Henry McCauley (1886-1962), un falegname e scalpellino, e di Leona Carlie Edwards (1888-1979), un'insegnante di scuola elementare, i quali si sposarono il 12 aprile 1912. Durante la guerra sua madre lavorò a Detroit, nel Michigan, e Rosa vide che gli afroamericani del nord avevano più libertà degli afroamericani del sud. Oltre alla discendenza africana, uno dei bisnonni di Rosa Parks era scozzese-irlandese e una delle sue bisnonne una schiava in parte nativa americana. Sofferente sin da bambina di cattive condizioni di salute con <a href="/wiki/Tonsillite" title="Tonsillite">tonsillite</a> cronica, la sua era un'umile famiglia di origine afroamericana e di confessione <a href="/wiki/Chiese_evangeliche_metodiste" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiese evangeliche metodiste">metodista</a> che viveva in una cittadina poco distante da <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_(Alabama)" title="Montgomery (Alabama)">Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuskegee" title="Tuskegee">Tuskegee</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>. Anche i suoi genitori erano attivisti per la comunità afroamericana.<sup id="cite_ref-rainews.it_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rainews.it-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> L'ambiente in cui crebbe Rosa era contraddistinto da una forte propensione al razzismo e caratterizzato da stringenti norme razziali, di retaggio schiavista, panorama simile a quello di diversi stati del sud degli Stati Uniti che in quel periodo predicavano la divisione tra neri e bianchi, secondo il motto <i>separate but equal</i>, ed in cui le persone di colore godevano di minori diritti e subivano continue umiliazioni.<sup id="cite_ref-rainews.it_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rainews.it-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1932, a 19 anni, sposò il barbiere Raymond Parks, attivista nel movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani, del quale assunse il cognome ed il quale la introdusse all'attivismo. Rosa nel frattempo lavorò come sarta e si dedicò sempre di più all'attività politica. Tra le cause che prese a cuore viene ricordata quella degli <a href="/wiki/Scottsboro_Boys" title="Scottsboro Boys">Scottsboro Boys</a>, un gruppo di nove ragazzi di colore tra i 13 e i 19 anni, che dopo una rissa su un treno vennero accusati ingiustamente di aver usato violenza su due ragazze bianche, a cui la Parks diede sostegno sia emotivo sia concreto, partecipando e organizzando diverse iniziative a favore della loro liberazione.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1943 venne nominata segretaria della sezione locale dell'associazione nazionale per la promozione delle persone di colore, la <a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People" title="National Association for the Advancement of Colored People">NAACP</a>, ed è in questo ruolo che nel 1954 si trovò a collaborare con <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King" title="Martin Luther King">Martin Luther King</a>, all'epoca giovane ed ancora sconosciuto, alle prese con il suo primo incarico come pastore protestante nella chiesa di Dexter Avenue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'arresto"><span id="L.27arresto"></span>L'arresto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la sezione L&#039;arresto" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: L&#039;arresto"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139517313">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione{margin-bottom:.5em;font-size:95%;padding-left:2.4em;padding-right:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia{display:flex;gap:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia>div{width:0;flex:1 1 0}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-footer{padding:0 1.2em 0 0;margin:0}</style><div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-singola"> <p>«Dicono sempre che non ho ceduto il posto perché ero stanca, ma non è vero. Non ero stanca fisicamente, non più di quanto lo fossi di solito alla fine di una giornata di lavoro [...]. No, l’unica cosa di cui ero stanca era subire.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>» </p> </div></div> <p>Il 1º dicembre 1955, Rosa stava tornando a casa in <a href="/wiki/Autobus" title="Autobus">autobus</a> dal suo lavoro di <a href="/wiki/Sarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarta">sarta</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bos_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> in un grande magazzino di <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_(Alabama)" title="Montgomery (Alabama)">Montgomery</a>. Non trovando posti liberi, occupò il primo posto dietro all'area riservata ai bianchi, nel settore dei posti accessibili sia ai bianchi sia ai neri, posti che però i neri avevano l'obbligo di cedere qualora fosse salito un bianco e non avesse trovato posto tra quelli riservati ai bianchi. Dopo tre fermate l'autista, l'ex militare <a href="/wiki/James_F._Blake" title="James F. Blake">James F. Blake</a>, le chiese di alzarsi e spostarsi in fondo all'automezzo per cedere il posto ad un passeggero bianco salito dopo di lei. Rosa, mantenendo un atteggiamento calmo, sommesso e dignitoso, rifiutò di muoversi e di lasciare il suo posto. Il conducente fermò il veicolo e chiamò due agenti di polizia per risolvere la questione: Rosa Parks fu arrestata e incarcerata per condotta impropria e per aver violato le norme cittadine. </p><p> Blake e la Parks si erano già incontrati su un autobus da lui guidato nel 1943, anno in cui la donna era salita sul mezzo dalla porta anteriore, riservata ai bianchi, e l'autista le aveva chiesto di scendere e risalire dalla porta posteriore, dedicata ai neri; Rosa, indignata, era scesa ed aveva atteso l'autobus successivo, promettendosi che da quel momento, ogni volta che avrebbe preso un autobus, non sarebbe salita qualora vi avesse nuovamente visto Blake al volante. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_parks_bus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rosa_parks_bus.jpg/220px-Rosa_parks_bus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rosa_parks_bus.jpg/330px-Rosa_parks_bus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rosa_parks_bus.jpg/440px-Rosa_parks_bus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="1105" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg/220px-Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg/330px-Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg/440px-Rosaparks_busdiagram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1033" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Schema che mostra il posto occupato da Rosa Parks sull'autobus di Montgomery, Alabama, il giorno 1 dicembre 1955</figcaption></figure>L'autobus sul quale la Parks rifiutò di cedere il proprio posto, ora esposto all'<a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford_Museum" title="Henry Ford Museum">Henry Ford Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Rosa Parks fu quindi incarcerata con l'accusa di “condotta impropria”, ma poche ore dopo l'accaduto venne scarcerata grazie a <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Durr" title="Clifford Durr">Clifford Durr</a>, un avvocato bianco antirazzista da sempre impegnato nella battaglia per i diritti civili della comunità afroamericana, che decise di pagare la cauzione alla donna.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_protesta_da_parte_degli_afroamericani">La protesta da parte degli afroamericani</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la sezione La protesta da parte degli afroamericani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: La protesta da parte degli afroamericani"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La notizia dell'arresto di Rosa Parks e dell'episodio si diffuse velocemente: la popolazione afroamericana si trovò in subbuglio, pronta a protestare ma nel terrore di eventuali rappresaglie da parte dei bianchi e di peggiorare ulteriormente la situazione. Fu <a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_Robinson" title="Jo Ann Robinson">Jo Ann Robinson</a>, presidentessa della Women’s Political Council, un’associazione femminile afroamericana, a proporre un'azione di protesta pacifica: quella notte fece stampare migliaia di volantini in cui invitava la popolazione nera a boicottare i mezzi pubblici e li distribuì nei vari luoghi di ritrovo. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King" title="Martin Luther King">Martin Luther King</a> ed altri leader del movimento contro la discriminazione razziale vennero a sapere dell'iniziativa ed aiutarono a organizzarla e diffonderla.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il giorno successivo, il 5 dicembre, incominciò il <a href="/wiki/Boicottaggio" title="Boicottaggio">boicottaggio</a> degli autobus di Montgomery, protesta che durò per 381 giorni; decine di pullman rimasero fermi per mesi finché non venne abolita la legge che legalizzava la <a href="/wiki/Segregazione_razziale" title="Segregazione razziale">segregazione</a>. Le proteste furono appoggiate non solo dalla popolazione afroamericana ma anche dall'opinione pubblica e alcuni particolari ordini di lavoratori, come i tassisti, che abbassarono il costo delle corse a quello di un biglietto del bus per agevolare i protestanti nel boicottaggio.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Lo stesso giorno si tenne il processo a Rosa Parks che se la cavò con una multa. Questi eventi diedero inizio a numerose altre proteste in molte parti del paese. Lo stesso King scrisse sull'episodio descrivendolo come «l'espressione individuale di una bramosia infinita di dignità umana e libertà», aggiunse che Rosa «rimase seduta a quel posto in nome dei soprusi accumulati giorno dopo giorno e della sconfinata aspirazione delle generazioni future». </p><p>Nel 1956 il caso di Rosa Parks arrivò alla <a href="/wiki/Corte_Suprema" class="mw-redirect" title="Corte Suprema">Corte Suprema</a> degli Stati Uniti, che stabilì, all'unanimità<sup id="cite_ref-Bos_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, l'incostituzionalità della segregazione sugli autobus pubblici dell'<a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dopo_la_protesta">Dopo la protesta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Dopo la protesta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Dopo la protesta"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg/220px-RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg/330px-RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg/440px-RosaParks-BillClinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Rosa Parks con <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sebbene non fosse una leader del movimento per i diritti civili che si stava sviluppando nell'ultima parte degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1950" title="Anni 1950">anni cinquanta</a>, la figura di Rosa Parks divenne un simbolo importantissimo per gli attivisti e, di conseguenza, malvista dagli ambienti segregazionisti bianchi contrari alla protesta nera. Ricevette numerose minacce di morte e, non riuscendo più a trovare lavoro, all'inizio degli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">anni sessanta</a> decise di trasferirsi a <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, dove ricominciò a lavorare come <a href="/wiki/Sarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarta">sarta</a>. Successivamente, dal 1965 al 1988 lavorò come segretaria per il deputato al <a href="/wiki/Congresso" title="Congresso">Congresso</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Conyers" title="John Conyers">John Conyers</a>. </p><p>Nel 1979 fu una delle protagoniste della raccolta di figurine collezionabili <i><a href="/wiki/Supersisters" title="Supersisters">Supersisters</a></i>, che aveva l'obiettivo di proporre modelli femminili di successo in campo politico, sportivo, sociale e culturale<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nel febbraio del 1987 Parks fondò il <i>Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self Development</i> insieme a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Eason_Steele&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Elaine Eason Steele (la pagina non esiste)">Elaine Eason Steele</a> in onore del marito Raymond Parks. Nel 1999 ottenne la <a href="/wiki/Medaglia_d%27oro_del_Congresso" title="Medaglia d&#39;oro del Congresso">Medaglia d'oro del Congresso</a>. </p><p>È morta per cause naturali a <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> il 24 ottobre 2005, all'età di 92 anni. Dopo la morte della donna, la nipote ha scelto di salvare la casa in cui Rosa dovette rifugiarsi dopo il celebre gesto e di donarla all'artista contemporaneo Ryian Mendoza. L'edificio, minuscolo e fatiscente, sarebbe stato demolito a breve a causa della crisi immobiliare del 2008, ma grazie all'intervento della nipote è stato salvato e Mendoza ne ha creato una riproduzione esatta. Inizialmente l'opera d'arte è stata esposta in Germania e poi nel cortile del Palazzo Reale di Napoli, poiché negli Stati Uniti non era stato possibile trovare una sistemazione permanente.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tributi">Tributi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Tributi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Tributi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG/220px-Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG/330px-Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG/440px-Rosa_Parks_Transit_Center_Detroit_Michigan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Rosa Parks Transit Center, Detroit</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg/220px-Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg/330px-Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg/440px-Barack_Obama_in_the_Rosa_Parks_bus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> sul bus dove avvenne la vicenda: la Parks si era accomodata nella stessa fila in cui Obama è seduto, ma sul lato opposto.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Nel 1976, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> ribattezzò la 12th Street "Rosa Parks Boulevard<sup id="cite_ref-reuther_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuther-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 1979, la NAACP insignì Parks della <a href="/wiki/Spingarn_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Spingarn Medal">Spingarn Medal</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 1980 ricevette il Martin Luther King Jr. Award<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 1983 fu introdotta nella <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michigan_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michigan Women&#39;s Hall of Fame (la pagina non esiste)">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame</a> per la sua opera in merito ai diritti civili<sup id="cite_ref-Michigan-women_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michigan-women-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 1990 Parks fu invitata a partecipare al gruppo che accoglieva <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> alla sua liberazione dalla prigionia in Sud Africa<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>; nello stesso anno parte della <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interstate_475_(Ohio)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Interstate 475 (Ohio) (la pagina non esiste)">Interstate 475</a> nei pressi di <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a> prese il suo nome<sup id="cite_ref-I-475_named_after_parks_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-475_named_after_parks-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 1999 <i><a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">Time</a></i> la definì una delle 20 figure del <a href="/wiki/XX_secolo" title="XX secolo">XX secolo</a> più influenti<sup id="cite_ref-time100_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time100-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 2000, lo Stato americano dove nacque la insignì della <i>Alabama Academy of Honor</i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>; ricevette inoltre la prima Governor's Medal of Honor for Extraordinary Courage.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Nel 2002, <a href="/wiki/Molefi_Kete_Asante" title="Molefi Kete Asante">Molefi Kete Asante</a> la incluse nella sua lista dei 100 afroamericani più importanti<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 2003 il bus numero 2857 su cui viaggiava fu restaurato ed entrò a far parte del <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford_Museum" title="Henry Ford Museum"> Museo Henry Ford</a><sup id="cite_ref-Parks_Bus_Restored_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parks_Bus_Restored-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 2004 nella <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles County">Los Angeles County</a> nella rete <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority">MetroRail</a> la stazione Imperial Highway/Wilmington, dove la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Blue Line (Los Angeles Metro) (la pagina non esiste)">Blue Line</a> si connette con la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Green Line (Los Angeles Metro) (la pagina non esiste)">Green Line</a>, è stata ufficialmente ribattezzata <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial/Wilmington/Rosa_Parks_(LACMTA_station)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial/Wilmington/Rosa Parks (LACMTA station) (la pagina non esiste)">"Rosa Parks Station"</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nel 2014 le è stato dedicato l'asteroide <a href="/wiki/284996_Rosaparks" title="284996 Rosaparks">284996 Rosaparks</a>.</li> <li>Nel 2020 le è stata intitolata una passerella a <a href="/wiki/Padova" title="Padova">Padova</a>, non lontano dal <a href="/wiki/Giardino_dei_Giusti_del_Mondo" title="Giardino dei Giusti del Mondo">Giardino dei Giusti del Mondo</a>.</li> <li>Il 12 maggio del 2021 le è stato dedicato un <a href="/wiki/Parco_cittadino" title="Parco cittadino">parco</a> a <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nei_media">Nei media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Nei media" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Nei media"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Cinema" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Cinema"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al personaggio di Rosa Parks è ispirato il film <i><a href="/wiki/La_lunga_strada_verso_casa" title="La lunga strada verso casa">La lunga strada verso casa</a></i> (1990) di <a href="/wiki/Richard_Pearce" title="Richard Pearce">Richard Pearce</a>, interpretato da <a href="/wiki/Whoopi_Goldberg" title="Whoopi Goldberg">Whoopi Goldberg</a>. Alla sua storia è stato dedicato anche il film statunitense <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rosa_Parks_Story" title="The Rosa Parks Story">The Rosa Parks Story</a></i> (2002), scritto da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paris_Qualles&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paris Qualles (la pagina non esiste)">Paris Qualles</a> e diretto da <a href="/wiki/Julie_Dash" title="Julie Dash">Julie Dash</a>, in cui la figura di Rosa è interpretata da <a href="/wiki/Angela_Bassett" title="Angela Bassett">Angela Bassett</a>. Il film è stato trasmesso dal canale televisivo <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> il 24 febbraio 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il documentario <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mighty_Times:_The_Legacy_of_Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mighty Times: The Legacy of Rosa Parks (la pagina non esiste)">Mighty Times: The Legacy of Rosa Parks</a></i>, diretto da <a href="/wiki/Robert_Houston_(attore)" title="Robert Houston (attore)">Robert Houston</a> nel 2002, ha ottenuto la candidatura all'<a href="/wiki/Oscar_al_miglior_cortometraggio_documentario" title="Oscar al miglior cortometraggio documentario">Oscar al miglior cortometraggio documentario</a>. </p><p>Nel 2018 è uscito <i>Io sono Rosa Parks</i>, cortometraggio del regista Alessandro Garilli. Il film ha vinto il premio G2 nella sezione MigrArti alla 75ª <a href="/wiki/Mostra_internazionale_d%27arte_cinematografica" title="Mostra internazionale d&#39;arte cinematografica">Mostra Internazionale d’Arte Cinematografica</a> a Venezia.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Televisione_e_altro">Televisione e altro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Televisione e altro" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Televisione e altro"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nell'<a href="/wiki/Episodi_di_Doctor_Who_(nuova_serie)_(undicesima_stagione)" class="mw-redirect" title="Episodi di Doctor Who (nuova serie) (undicesima stagione)">undicesima stagione</a> della <a href="/wiki/Serie_televisiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Serie televisiva">serie televisiva</a> <a href="/wiki/Regno_Unito" title="Regno Unito">britannica</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a></i> è presente un episodio dedicato a Rosa Parks. Nel 2020 è stato realizzato dallo studio californiana Eido, in occasione di un <a href="/wiki/TED_Talks_(programma_televisivo)" title="TED Talks (programma televisivo)">Ted talk</a>, il cortometraggio animato <i>The Hidden Life of Rosa Parks</i> che in cinque minuti ripercorre la storia dell'attivista prima e dopo l'evento del posto sull'autobus.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nella 9 stagione di The Big Bang Theory, viene citata da Sheldon per una questione vagamente simile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica">Musica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Musica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Musica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Sister Rosa</i> della band afroamericana <a href="/wiki/The_Neville_Brothers" title="The Neville Brothers">The Neville Brothers</a> fa parte dell'album <i>Yellow Moon</i> (1989)</li> <li><i>Rosa Parks</i> della band statunitense <a href="/wiki/OutKast" title="OutKast">OutKast</a> fa parte dell'album <i>Aquemini</i> (1998)</li> <li><i>Rosa Parks</i> della band italiana Corimè fa parte dell'album <i>La scelta</i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blackbird_(The_Beatles)" title="Blackbird (The Beatles)">Blackbird</a></i> della band inglese <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><i>La neña del Salvador</i> del cantante italiano <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fortis" title="Alberto Fortis">Alberto Fortis</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OK._Respira_(singolo)" title="OK. Respira (singolo)">OK. Respira</a></i> della cantante italiana <a href="/wiki/Elodie" title="Elodie">Elodie</a> (2022)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onorificenze">Onorificenze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Onorificenze"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ellis Island Medal of Honor - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Ellis Island Medal of Honor - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg/60px-USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg/90px-USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg/120px-USA_Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Island_Medal_of_Honor" title="Ellis Island Medal of Honor">Ellis Island Medal of Honor</a></div> <div>—&#160;27 ottobre 1986</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_(ribbon).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Medaglia Presidenziale della Libertà - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Medaglia Presidenziale della Libertà - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png/60px-Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png/90px-Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png/120px-Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_%28ribbon%29.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Medaglia_Presidenziale_della_Libert%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Medaglia Presidenziale della Libertà">Medaglia Presidenziale della Libertà</a></div> <div>—&#160;9 settembre 1996</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_Parks_medal.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Medaglia d&#39;oro del Congresso - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Medaglia d&#39;oro del Congresso - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Rosa_Parks_medal.gif/30px-Rosa_Parks_medal.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Rosa_Parks_medal.gif/45px-Rosa_Parks_medal.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Rosa_Parks_medal.gif/60px-Rosa_Parks_medal.gif 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Medaglia_d%27oro_del_Congresso" title="Medaglia d&#39;oro del Congresso">Medaglia d'oro del Congresso</a></div> <div>—&#160;4 maggio 1999</div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Taylor-Dior Rumble, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-43171799"><span style="font-style:italic;">Claudette Colvin: The 15-year-old who came before Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">bbc.com</span>, BBC World Service, 10 marzo 2018. <small>URL consultato il 27 agosto 2019</small>.<br /><div class="cite-q">«In March 1955, nine months before Rosa Parks defied segregation laws by refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, 15-year-old Claudette Colvin did exactly the same thing»</div></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-106publ26/html/PLAW-106publ26.htm">[1]</a> gpo.gov</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lascuolafanotizia.it/2021/05/05/rosa-parks-la-donna-che-cambio-la-storia-con-un-no-sul-bus/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks, la donna che cambiò la storia con un “no” sul bus</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">La scuola fa notizia</span>, 5 MAGGIO 2021. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rainews.it-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-rainews.it_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-rainews.it_4-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rainews.it/archivio-rainews/media/accadde-oggi-1-dicembre-1955-il-no-di-Rosa-Parks-che-cambio-la-storia-dei-diritti-civili-a424dd3c-fed9-4c32-abcf-0c4f5980fb50.html#foto-1"><span style="font-style:italic;">MONDO 1 dicembre 1955, il "no" di Rosa Parks che cambiò la storia dei diritti civili</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">RAI News</span>, 1º DICEMBRE 2021. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/approfondimenti/rosa-parks-ribellione"><span style="font-style:italic;">La storia di Rosa Parks e la ribellione alla segregazione razziale</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Sky TG24</span>, 1º dicembre 2020. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Rosa Parks, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rosaparksmystory00park_0/page/116/mode/2up"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks: my story</span></a>, Dial Books, 1992, p.&#160;116, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780803706736" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780803706736">9780803706736</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bos-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Bos_7-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Bos_7-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Teresio_Bosco" title="Teresio Bosco">Teresio Bosco</a>, <i>Uomini come noi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_Editrice_Internazionale" title="Società Editrice Internazionale">Società Editrice Internazionale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">Torino</a>, 1968</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ansa.it/canale_legalita_scuola/notizie/2017/11/30/diritti-civili-coraggio-di-rosa-parks_2e90cd41-4729-4a3a-ae54-6ab3ede58683.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Diritti civili, coraggio di Rosa Parks</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">ANSA</span>, 30 novembre 2017. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Carmen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unadonnalgiorno.it/rosa-parks-quel-giorno-non-ha-ceduto-il-posto-sullautobus/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks eroina dei diritti civili dei neri</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Una donna al giorno</span>, 1º DICEMBRE 2020. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Matteo Liberti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.it/cultura/storia/la-storia-di-rosa-parks-eroina-dei-diritti-dei-neri"><span style="font-style:italic;">La storia di Rosa Parks, eroina dei diritti dei neri</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Focus</span>, 30 agosto 2018. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/espnw/news-commentary/story/_/id/12535055/original-roster"><span style="font-style:italic;">Supersisters: Original Roster</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">espn.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rainews.it/archivio-rainews/media/La-casa-di-Rosa-Parks-in-mostra-nel-cortile-del-Palazzo-Reale-a-Napoli-cbdd3ded-6c08-43a4-85e0-5e8d19650aa5.html#foto-1"><span style="font-style:italic;">La casa di Rosa Parks in mostra nel cortile del Palazzo Reale a Napoli</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">RAI News</span>, 15 SETTEMBRE 2020. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuther-13"><a href="#cite_ref-reuther_13-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121124149/http://www.reuther.wayne.edu/files/UP000775.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa L. Parks Collection. Papers, 1955-1976</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">reuther.wayne.edu</span>, Walter P. Reuther Library, p.&#160;1. <small>URL consultato il 22 novembre 2011</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.reuther.wayne.edu/files/UP000775.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 21 gennaio 2012)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100707201030/http://www.naacp.org/index.php/pages/spingarn-medal-winners"><span style="font-style:italic;">Spingarn Medal Winners: 1915 to Today | NAACP</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">naacp.org</span>, 7 luglio 2010. <small>URL consultato l'11 settembre 2017</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.naacp.org/index.php/pages/spingarn-medal-winners">url originale</abbr> il 7 luglio 2010)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090627213311/http://www.naacp.org/news/press/2007-04-03/index.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">NAACP - NAACP Honors Congressman Conyers with 92nd Spingarn Medal</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">arquivo.pt</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 settembre 2017</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.naacp.org/news/press/2007-04-03/index.htm">url originale</abbr> il 27 giugno 2009)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gale.cengage.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/parks_r.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Black History Month</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gale.cengage.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 5 febbraio 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michigan-women-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Michigan-women_17-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141010205426/http://hall.michiganwomen.org/honoree.php?C=177&amp;"><span style="font-style:italic;">: Michigan Women's Hall of Fame</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">hall.michiganwomen.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 13 agosto 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//hall.michiganwomen.org/honoree.php?C=177">url originale</abbr> il 10 ottobre 2014)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Ruth Ashby, <i>Rosa Parks: Freedom Rider,</i> Sterling Publishing <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9781402748653" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4027-4865-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-I-475_named_after_parks-19"><a href="#cite_ref-I-475_named_after_parks_19-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1817&amp;dat=19900509&amp;id=bjkdAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=6KUEAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1541,3256480"><span style="font-style:italic;">PArt of 1-475 named for Parks</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Tuscaloosa News</span>, 5 settembre 1990. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2012</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time100-20"><a href="#cite_ref-time100_20-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/parks01.html">"Heroes and Icons: Rosa Parks: Her simple act of protest galvanized America's civil rights revolution"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051026085240/http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/parks01.html">Archiviato</a> il 26 ottobre 2005 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>., <i>Time</i>, June 14, 1999. Retrieved July 4, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.chicagotribune.com/keyword/rosa-parks/featured/2"><span style="font-style:italic;">Alabama Puts Rosa Parks In Its Academy Of Honor</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Chicago Tribune</span>. <small>URL consultato il 17 dicembre 2011</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=CbYDAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA8&amp;lpg=PA8&amp;dq=rosa+parks+Governor%27s+Medal+of+Honor+for+Extraordinary+Courage&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=NECPHPeRhY&amp;sig=xbfRnhFSFnrur5oYWoPxKgVlRzs&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=TNTsTrnwHNCj-gbrlvSJAg&amp;ved=0CEkQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&amp;q=rosa%20parks%20Governor%27s%20Medal%20of%20Honor%20for%20Extraordinary%20Courage&amp;f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks Museum Dedicated During Civil Rights Movement Anniversary Gala in Montgomery</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Jet_(periodico)" title="Jet (periodico)">Jet</a></span>, 18 dicembre 2000, p.&#160;8. <small>URL consultato il 17 dicembre 2011</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Asante, Molefi Kete (2002). 100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Amherst, New York. Prometheus Books. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1573929638" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-57392-963-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parks_Bus_Restored-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Parks_Bus_Restored_24-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehenryford.org/exhibits/rosaparks/restoration.asp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Parks Bus Restored</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Parks Bus Restored</span>. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2012</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202100350/http://trimet.org/news/releases/2009/feb4_rosaparks.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">MAX station renamed to honor Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">trimet.org</span>, TriMet, 4 febbraio 2009. <small>URL consultato il 27 novembre 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//trimet.org/news/releases/2009/feb4_rosaparks.htm">url originale</abbr> il 2 dicembre 2010)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608040759/http://www.portlandtribune.com/news/story.php?story_id=123370481045853000"><span style="font-style:italic;">TriMet MAX station name honors Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portland_Tribune&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Portland Tribune (la pagina non esiste)">Portland Tribune</a></span>, 3 febbraio 2009. <small>URL consultato il 10 febbraio 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.portlandtribune.com/news/story.php?story_id=123370481045853000">url originale</abbr> l'8 giugno 2011)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywood.com/general/tv-review-the-rosa-parks-story-57163630/"><span style="font-style:italic;">TV Review:“The Rosa Parks Story”</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Hollywood.com</span>, 25 febbraio 2002. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cinema.beniculturali.it/Notizie/4849/70/premio-migrarti-venezia-edizione-2018/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Premio MIGRARTI Venezia, edizione 2018</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">cinema.beniculturali.it</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> redazione, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artclicks.maxxi.art/2018/09/04/io-sono-rosa-parks-vince-il-premio-g2-della-sezione-migrarti-a-venezia-75/"><span style="font-style:italic;">“IO SONO ROSA PARKS” VINCE IL PREMIO G2 DELLA SEZIONE MIGRARTI A VENEZIA 75</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Artclicks</span>, 4 SETTEMBRE 2018. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Alex Urso, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artribune.com/television/2020/06/video-rosa-parks-diritti-civili/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Il corto animato sulla vita di Rosa Parks, paladina dei diritti civili</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Artribune</span>, 26 giugno 2020. <small>URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Parks, Rosa, Wil Clay, e Jim Haskins. <i>I Am Rosa Parks</i>. New York: Penguin, 2011.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diritti_civili" title="Diritti civili">Diritti civili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronologia_della_segregazione_razziale_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Cronologia della segregazione razziale negli Stati Uniti d&#39;America">Cronologia della segregazione razziale negli Stati Uniti d'America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boicottaggio_dei_bus_a_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery">Boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(attivista)" title="Mary Louise Smith (attivista)">Mary Louise Smith (attivista)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Nixon" title="Edgar Nixon">Edgar Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keys_contro_Carolina_Coach" title="Keys contro Carolina Coach">Keys contro Carolina Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colvin" title="Claudette Colvin">Claudette Colvin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" class="extiw" title="q:Rosa Parks">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Rosa Parks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rosa_Parks?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks" class="extiw" title="q:Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rosa_Parks?uselang=it">Rosa Parks</a></span></b></li></ul> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikinews.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikinotizie"><img alt="Collabora a Wikinotizie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/18px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/36px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikinews.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="n:">Wikinotizie</a> contiene l'articolo <b><a href="https://it.wikinews.org/wiki/Morta_Rosa_Parks,_eroina_dei_diritti_civili" class="extiw" title="n:Morta Rosa Parks, eroina dei diritti civili">Morta Rosa Parks, eroina dei diritti civili</a></b>, 25 ottobre 2005</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Parks&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rosa-louise-parks"><span style="font-style:italic;">Parks, Rosa Louise</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_di_storia_2011" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rosa-parks_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Parks, Rosa</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario di storia</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2010.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P6404" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_di_storia_rosa-louise-parks" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rosa-louise-parks_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario di storia</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2010.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P6404" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rosa-Parks"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_delle_donne" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopediadelledonne.it/biografie/rosa-parks"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">enciclopediadelledonne.it</span>, Enciclopedia delle donne.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P6488" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL526613A"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Open_Library" title="Internet Archive">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P648" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/Name?nm0663005"><span style="font-style:italic;">Rosa Parks</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></span>, IMDb.com.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41921#P345" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style 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.navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani" title="Template:Movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani" title="Discussioni template:Movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani" title="Movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani">Movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em">Eventi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Silent_Parade" title="Silent Parade">Silent Parade</a></i> <small>(1917)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Brown_contro_Board_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Brown contro Board of Education">Brown contro Board of Education</a></i> <small>(1954)</small> (<i><a href="/wiki/Briggs_contro_Elliott" title="Briggs contro Elliott">Briggs contro Elliott</a></i> <small>(1952)</small>)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Keys_contro_Carolina_Coach" title="Keys contro Carolina Coach">Keys contro Carolina Coach</a></i> <small>(1955)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Till" title="Emmett Till">Emmett Till</a> <small>(1955)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Boicottaggio_dei_bus_a_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery">Boicottaggio dei bus a Montgomery</a> <small>(1955)</small> (<i><a href="/wiki/Browder_contro_Gayle" title="Browder contro Gayle">Browder contro Gayle</a></i> <small>(1956)</small>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Improvement_Association" title="Montgomery Improvement Association">Montgomery Improvement Association</a> <small>(1955)</small>)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Kissing_Case" title="Kissing Case">Kissing Case</a></i> <small>(1958)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Boynton_contro_lo_stato_della_Virginia" title="Boynton contro lo stato della Virginia">Boynton contro lo stato della Virginia</a></i> <small>(1960)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Gomillion_contro_Lightfoot" title="Gomillion contro Lightfoot">Gomillion contro Lightfoot</a></i> <small>(1960)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sommossa_all%27Universit%C3%A0_del_Mississippi_del_1962" title="Sommossa all&#39;Università del Mississippi del 1962">Sommossa all'Università del Mississippi del 1962</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Strage_di_Birmingham" title="Strage di Birmingham">Strage di Birmingham</a> <small>(1963)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Campagna_di_Birmingham" title="Campagna di Birmingham">Campagna di Birmingham</a> <small>(1963)</small> (chiamata all'epoca anche <a href="/wiki/Bombingham" title="Bombingham">Bombingham</a>)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lettera_dalla_prigione_di_Birmingham" title="Lettera dalla prigione di Birmingham">Lettera dalla prigione di Birmingham</a> <small>(1963)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stand_in_the_Schoolhouse_Door" title="Stand in the Schoolhouse Door">Stand in the Schoolhouse Door</a> <small>(1963)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Marcia_su_Washington_per_il_lavoro_e_la_libert%C3%A0" title="Marcia su Washington per il lavoro e la libertà">Marcia su Washington per il lavoro e la libertà</a> <small>(1963)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/I_have_a_dream" title="I have a dream">I have a dream</a></i> <small>(1963)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Assassinio_degli_attivisti_per_i_diritti_civili_del_Mississippi" title="Assassinio degli attivisti per i diritti civili del Mississippi">Assassinio degli attivisti per i diritti civili del Mississippi</a> <small>(1964)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Marce_da_Selma_a_Montgomery" title="Marce da Selma a Montgomery">Marce da Selma a Montgomery</a> <small>(1965)</small> (<a href="/wiki/Edmund_Pettus_Bridge" title="Edmund Pettus Bridge">Edmund Pettus Bridge</a> e <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act" title="Voting Rights Act">Voting <i>Rights Act</i></a>)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Assassinio_di_Martin_Luther_King" title="Assassinio di Martin Luther King">Assassinio di Martin Luther King</a> <small>(1968)</small><b>&#160;·</b> <i>Civil Rights Act</i> (<a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_(1957)" title="Civil Rights Act (1957)">1957</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_(1960)" title="Civil Rights Act (1960)">1960</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_(1964)" title="Civil Rights Act (1964)">1964</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act" title="Voting Rights Act">1965</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_(1968)" title="Civil Rights Act (1968)">1968</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em">Articoli<br />relativi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Leggi_Jim_Crow" title="Leggi Jim Crow">Leggi Jim Crow</a><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Plessy_contro_Ferguson" title="Plessy contro Ferguson">Plessy contro Ferguson</a></i> ("<a href="/wiki/Separati_ma_uguali" title="Separati ma uguali">Separati ma uguali</a>")<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Buchanan_contro_Warley" title="Buchanan contro Warley">Buchanan contro Warley</a></i><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Sweatt_contro_Painter" title="Sweatt contro Painter">Sweatt contro Painter</a></i><b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Loving_contro_Virginia" title="Loving contro Virginia">Loving contro Virginia</a></i><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Movimento_della_marcia_su_Washington" title="Movimento della marcia su Washington">Movimento della marcia su Washington</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Journey_of_Reconciliation" title="Journey of Reconciliation">Journey of Reconciliation</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Songs" title="Freedom Songs">Freedom Songs</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Oh,_Freedom" title="Oh, Freedom">Oh, Freedom</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/This_Little_Light_of_Mine" title="This Little Light of Mine">This Little Light of Mine</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/We_Shall_Overcome" title="We Shall Overcome">We Shall Overcome</a></i>)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fatti_di_Watts" title="Fatti di Watts">Fatti di Watts</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Voter_Education_Project" title="Voter Education Project">Voter Education Project</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em">Gruppi di <br />attivisti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Student_Movement" title="Atlanta Student Movement">Atlanta Student Movement</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Racial_Equality" title="Congress of Racial Equality">Congress of Racial Equality</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine" title="Little Rock Nine">Little Rock Nine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minnijean_Brown" title="Minnijean Brown">Minnijean Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Eckford" title="Elizabeth Eckford">Elizabeth Eckford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlotta_Walls_LaNier" title="Carlotta Walls LaNier">Carlotta Walls LaNier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thelma_Mothershed-Wair" title="Thelma Mothershed-Wair">Thelma Mothershed-Wair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Ray_Karlmark" title="Gloria Ray Karlmark">Gloria Ray Karlmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrence_Roberts" title="Terrence Roberts">Terrence Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Green" title="Ernest Green">Ernest Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melba_Pattillo_Beals" title="Melba Pattillo Beals">Melba Pattillo Beals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Thomas" title="Jefferson Thomas">Jefferson Thomas</a>)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People" title="National Association for the Advancement of Colored People">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Urban_League" title="National Urban League">National Urban League</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Southern_Christian_Leadership_Conference" title="Southern Christian Leadership Conference">Southern Christian Leadership Conference</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee" title="Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee">Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wednesdays_in_Mississippi" title="Wednesdays in Mississippi">Wednesdays in Mississippi</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Political_Council" title="Women&#39;s Political Council">Women's Political Council</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em">Attivisti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abernathy" title="Ralph Abernathy">Ralph Abernathy</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Gray_Adams" title="Victoria Gray Adams">Victoria Gray Adams</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zev_Aelony" title="Zev Aelony">Zev Aelony</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ella_Baker" title="Ella Baker">Ella Baker</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Daisy_Bates_(attivista)" title="Daisy Bates (attivista)">Daisy Bates</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Bridges" title="Ruby Bridges">Ruby Bridges</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Aurelia_Browder" title="Aurelia Browder">Aurelia Browder</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stokely_Carmichael" title="Stokely Carmichael">Stokely Carmichael</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ramsey_Clark" title="Ramsey Clark">Ramsey Clark</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Cleaver" title="Eldridge Cleaver">Eldridge Cleaver</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colvin" title="Claudette Colvin">Claudette Colvin</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Medgar_Evers" title="Medgar Evers">Medgar Evers</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fred_Gray_(avvocato)" title="Fred Gray (avvocato)">Fred Gray</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fannie_Lou_Hamer" title="Fannie Lou Hamer">Fannie Lou Hamer</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Height" title="Dorothy Height">Dorothy Height</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Henry" title="Barbara Henry">Barbara Henry</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Hood" title="James Hood">James Hood</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Lee_Jackson" title="Jimmie Lee Jackson">Jimmie Lee Jackson</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Trumpauer_Mulholland" title="Joan Trumpauer Mulholland">Joan Trumpauer Mulholland</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Daniel_Williams_King" title="Alfred Daniel Williams King">Alfred Daniel Williams King</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(politico)" title="John Lewis (politico)">John Lewis</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Viola_Liuzzo" title="Viola Liuzzo">Viola Liuzzo</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Malone_Jones" title="Vivian Malone Jones">Vivian Malone Jones</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Howard_Meredith" title="James Howard Meredith">James Howard Meredith</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Amzie_Moore" title="Amzie Moore">Amzie Moore</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/William_Lewis_Moore" title="William Lewis Moore">William Lewis Moore</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Irene_Morgan" title="Irene Morgan">Irene Morgan</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Nixon" title="Edgar Nixon">Edgar Nixon</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rosa Parks</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_Robinson" title="Jo Ann Robinson">Jo Ann Robinson</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bayard_Rustin" title="Bayard Rustin">Bayard Rustin</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(attivista)" title="Mary Louise Smith (attivista)">Mary Louise Smith</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Young" title="Andrew Young">Andrew Young</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/George_Jackson" title="George Jackson">George Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em">Altro</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Branch" title="Taylor Branch">Taylor Branch</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Potere_nero" title="Potere nero">Potere nero</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Riders" title="Freedom Riders">Freedom Riders</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Big_Six" title="Big Six">Big Six</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="navbox_abovebelow"><a href="/wiki/Segregazione_razziale_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Segregazione razziale negli Stati Uniti d&#39;America">Segregazione razziale negli Stati Uniti d'America</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cronologia_della_segregazione_razziale_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Cronologia della segregazione razziale negli Stati Uniti d&#39;America">Cronologia</a>)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Storia_del_movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani_(1865-1896)" title="Storia del movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani (1865-1896)">Storia 1865-1896</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Storia_del_movimento_per_i_diritti_civili_degli_afroamericani_(1896-1954)" title="Storia del movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani (1896-1954)">Storia 1896-1954</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a 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href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n87927953">n87927953</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119472678">119472678</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX4892747">XX4892747</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX4892747">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a 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.itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biografie"><img alt="&#160;" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/25px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" 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