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<li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ウィキペディアについて</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%AC%E4%BA%8B%E9%A0%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">免責事項</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img 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class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">オオムギ</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> イネ目イネ科の植物 </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="言語" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>言語</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>ウォッチリストに追加</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>オオムギ</b>（大麦、学名 <i><span lang="la">Hordeum vulgare</span></i>）は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8D%E7%A7%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イネ科">イネ科</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="穀物">穀物</a>。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="中央アジア">中央アジア</a>原産で、世界でもっとも古くから栽培されていた作物の一つである。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コムギ">小麦</a>よりも低温や乾燥に強いため、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ライムギ">ライ麦</a>と共に小麦の生産が困難な地方において多く栽培される。</p> <table class="infobox bordered" style="width:18em;"> <tbody> <tr> <th style="font-size:110%;background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;">オオムギ</th> </tr> <tr style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Korea-Barley-01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="オオムギ"><img alt="オオムギ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Korea-Barley-01.jpg/250px-Korea-Barley-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Korea-Barley-01.jpg/375px-Korea-Barley-01.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Korea-Barley-01.jpg/500px-Korea-Barley-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E3%81%AE%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="生物の分類">分類</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td> <table class="borderless" style="margin:auto;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="界 (分類学)">界</a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="植物界">植物界</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantae" class="extiw" title="w:Plantae">Plantae</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><small>階級なし</small></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="被子植物">被子植物</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiosperms" class="extiw" title="w:Angiosperms">Angiosperms</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><small>階級なし</small></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8D%98%E5%AD%90%E8%91%89%E9%A1%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="単子葉類">単子葉類</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocots" class="extiw" title="w:Monocots">Monocots</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><small>階級なし</small></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%84%E3%83%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E9%A1%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ツユクサ類">ツユクサ類</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commelinids" class="extiw" title="w:Commelinids">Commelinids</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%9B%AE_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="目 (分類学)">目</a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8D%E7%9B%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イネ目">イネ目</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poales" class="extiw" title="w:Poales">Poales</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A7%91_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="科 (分類学)">科</a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8D%E7%A7%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イネ科">イネ科</a> <span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceae" class="extiw" title="w:Poaceae">Poaceae</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%B1%9E_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="属 (分類学)">属</a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE%E5%B1%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オオムギ属">オオムギ属</a> <i><span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum" class="extiw" title="w:Hordeum">Hordeum</a></span></i></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A8%AE_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="種 (分類学)">種</a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">:</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><b>オオムギ</b> <i><span lang="la">H. vulgare</span></i></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="学名">学名</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td lang="la" style="text-align:center"><i>Hordeum vulgare</i> <span lang="la"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カール・フォン・リンネ">L.</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%90%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="和名">和名</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">オオムギ（大麦）</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;">英名</th> </tr> <tr> <td lang="en" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley" class="extiw" title="en:Barley"><span lang="en">Barley</span></a><br><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_barley" class="extiw" title="w:Pearl barley">Pearl barley</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="infobox nowrap" style="width:22em;"> <caption itemprop="name" class="" style="white-space:normal; padding-bottom:0.15em;"> オオムギ（pearled, cooked） </caption> <tbody> <tr style=""> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">100 gあたりの栄養価</th> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E7%9A%84%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="生理的熱量">エネルギー</a></th> <td class="" style="" itemprop="">531 kJ (127 kcal)</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="炭水化物">炭水化物</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 26.31 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E9%A1%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="糖類">糖類</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">trace g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食物繊維">食物繊維</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">1.98 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="脂肪">脂肪</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 0.6 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="タンパク質">タンパク質</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 2.70 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""> <div class="plainlist" style="font-size:90%;background:light-dark(#e0e0e0, #333);color:light-dark(#333, #fff);padding:0.15em;line-height:1.25em;"> <ul> <li>単位</li> <li>µg = <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/microgram" class="extiw" title="en:microgram">マイクログラム (英語版)</a> • mg = <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ミリグラム">ミリグラム</a></li> <li>IU = <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%98%E4%BD%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="国際単位">国際単位</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="wrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;background:#e0e0e0;padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">%はアメリカ合衆国における<br> 成人<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E6%8C%87%E9%87%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食生活指針">栄養摂取目標</a><small> (<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_Daily_Intake" class="extiw" title="en:Reference Daily Intake"><span lang="en">RDI</span></a>) </small>の割合。 <br><span class="nowrap"><small>出典: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/">USDA栄養データベース</a><span class="tmpl-language-icon" style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#555">（英語）</span></small></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:BarleyEars.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BarleyEars.JPG/250px-BarleyEars.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BarleyEars.JPG/375px-BarleyEars.JPG 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BarleyEars.JPG/500px-BarleyEars.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280"></a> <figcaption> 二条オオムギと六条オオムギ </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Various_grains.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Various_grains.jpg/240px-Various_grains.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Various_grains.jpg/360px-Various_grains.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Various_grains.jpg/480px-Various_grains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1825"></a> <figcaption> オオムギとカラスムギ、およびそれらを原材料とする食品 </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ja" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">目次</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%90%8D%E7%A7%B0"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">名称</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%93%81%E7%A8%AE"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">品種</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">栽培</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">歴史</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">世界</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">日本</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%A8%E9%80%94"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">用途</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E4%B8%BB%E9%A3%9F"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">主食</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">加工食品</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E3%81%AE%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">麦芽の利用</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%BA%B9%E3%81%AE%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">麹の利用</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A6%E7%B2%89%E3%81%AE%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">大麦粉の利用</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E4%BB%96%E3%81%AE%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">その他の食品</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E4%BB%96%E3%81%AE%E7%94%A8%E9%80%94"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">その他の用途</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E6%A0%84%E9%A4%8A%E4%BE%A1"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">栄養価</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A3%E9%87%8F"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">生産量</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE%E3%82%92%E3%82%81%E3%81%90%E3%82%8B%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%8B"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">オオムギをめぐる出来事</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">国際関係</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">脚注</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">関連項目</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">外部リンク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="名称"><span id=".E5.90.8D.E7.A7.B0"></span>名称</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 名称" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>「オオムギ」は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%90%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="漢名">漢名</a>の「大麦（だいばく）」を<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A8%93%E8%AA%AD%E3%81%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="訓読み">訓読み</a>したものである。「大」は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コムギ">小麦</a>（コムギ）に対する穀粒や草姿の大小ではなく、大＝本物・品質の良いもの・用途の範囲の広いもの、小＝代用品・品格の劣るものという意味の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%BE%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="接辞">接辞</a>によるものである。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ダイズ">大豆</a>（ダイズ）、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BA%E3%82%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アズキ">小豆</a>（アズキ、ショウズ）、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アサ">大麻</a>（タイマ）の大・小も同様である。伝来当時の漢字圏では、比較的容易に殻・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="フスマ">フスマ</a>層（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E7%9A%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="種皮">種皮</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%8A%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="胚芽">胚芽</a>など）を除去し粒のまま<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="飯">飯</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B2%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="粥">粥</a>として食べることができたオオムギを上質と考えたことを反映している。</p> <p>また、オオムギをはじめ、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コムギ">コムギ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エンバク">エンバク</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ライムギ">ライムギ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%88%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ハトムギ">ハトムギ</a>など、姿の類似した一連の穀物を、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="東アジア">東アジア</a>では総称して<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ムギ">ムギ</a>と呼ぶ。こうした総称は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a>には存在せず、barley（大麦）、wheat（小麦）、oat（燕麦）、rye（ライ麦）のようにそれぞれの固有名で呼ぶのみである。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="品種"><span id=".E5.93.81.E7.A8.AE"></span>品種</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 品種" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>穂の形状の違いから、主に二条オオムギ（二条大麦、<i>H. vulgare</i> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%93%81%E7%A8%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="品種">f.</a> <i>distichon</i>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley%23Two-row_and_six-row_barley" class="extiw" title="en:Barley">two-rowed barley</a></span>)）、四条オオムギ（四条大麦、<i>H. vulgare</i> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BA%9C%E7%A8%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="亜種">subsp.</a> <i>vulgare</i>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en">barley</span>）、六条オオムギ（六条大麦、<i>H. vulgare</i> f. <i>hexastichon</i>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley%23Two-row_and_six-row_barley" class="extiw" title="en:Barley">six-rowed barley</a></span>）、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%80%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ハダカムギ">ハダカムギ</a>（裸オオムギ、裸麦、<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%A4%89%E7%A8%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="変種">var.</a> <i>nudum</i> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%82%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ジョセフ・ダルトン・フッカー">Hook. f.</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley%23Hulless_barley" class="extiw" title="en:Barley">Hulless barley</a>, naked barley</span>）、野生オオムギ（<i>H. vulgare</i> subsp. <i>spontaneum</i>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en">wild barley</span>）に分かれる（但し、四条オオムギ、野生オオムギについては品種ではなく亜種）。この「条」というのは穂が何列（条）あるかということではない。オオムギの穂は基本的にすべて6列である。二条と六条の差は、実る穂が何列あるかの違いであり、読んで字のごとく2列実るのが二条オオムギ、6列すべてが実るのが六条オオムギである<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。実るのが2列だけであるぶん、二条オオムギの種子は大きく、大粒オオムギとも呼ばれる。これに対し六条オオムギはすべての列に種子が実るため種子が小さく、小粒オオムギとも呼ばれる。ただしすべての列に種子が実るため、全体の収量としては六条オオムギのほうが多い。</p> <p>二条オオムギは主に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビール">ビール</a>生産用に栽培され、ヨーロッパで栽培されるオオムギの多くは二条種である。これは、二条種は種子の一粒一粒が大きく、しかも大きさがよくそろっているので、醸造の管理がしやすいからである。それに対し六条オオムギは収量が多く、オオムギを穀物として食べる地域においては六条種を主に栽培する。二条種と六条種の進化については、長い議論の歴史がある。かつては六条種は二条種から分化してできたと考えられてきたが、チベット高原において野生の六条種が発見されたため、一時は二条種と六条種は別々に栽培化されたとの説が有力となった。その後、遺伝子情報の解析によって、現在では二条栽培種の変異によって六条種が成立したと考えられている<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。二条種はチベットより東には到達せず、このため中国や日本など東アジアの在来のオオムギはすべて六条種である。これら諸国における二条種のオオムギは、近代になってヨーロッパなどから導入されたものである。</p> <p>二条種と六条種は皮が実と糊状のもので固着しており、はがすのが難しい。この固着はオオムギだけの特質であり、コムギなどのほかのムギでも、コメなどほかの穀物においてもこういったことはない。皮をはがすのが難しいため、これらは皮麦（カワムギ）とも呼ばれる。それに対し、六条種の突然変異で糊状のものが存在しないものが生まれ、揉むだけで皮が簡単にはがれる品種が生まれた。これがハダカムギである。ハダカムギは食用にするのがより簡単であるため、チベットや日本といったオオムギを重要視する国々において多く栽培されるようになった。その後、六条ハダカムギと二条種の交雑により二条ハダカムギも生まれたが、二条ハダカムギは品種が非常に少なく、一般的にハダカムギといえば生産のほとんどを占める六条ハダカムギを指す<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>また、上記の品種はすべてうるち性であるが、日本を含む東アジアにはもち性のオオムギも存在する<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。もち麦は日本では<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%82%E3%81%A1%E7%B1%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="もち米">もち米</a>の代替として西日本中心に栽培され、団子などがこれで作られた<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>特に日本で生産されるのは二条オオムギ、六条オオムギ、ハダカムギが多い。二条オオムギは明治時代以後に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a>より導入され、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビール">ビール</a>などの醸造用の需要が多くビールムギとも呼ばれる。これに対し、六条オオムギとハダカムギは古来より日本で栽培されてきた品種である。六条オオムギは押し麦や引き割り麦などにして米に混ぜるなど雑穀としての使用が多く、また<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8C%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦茶">麦茶</a>の原料ともなる。ハダカムギも同様に使用することはできるが、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E5%99%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="味噌">味噌</a>の製造に使用されることが多い。栽培は、寒さに強い六条オオムギが東日本で主に栽培され、寒さに弱い二条オオムギやハダカムギは西日本で主に栽培される。日本の農産物分類においては、麦類に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%88%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ハトムギ">ハトムギ</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エンバク">エンバク</a>、ライムギといったものは含まず、日本での生産量の多いコムギ、二条オオムギ、六条オオムギ、ハダカムギをあわせて4麦という<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="栽培"><span id=".E6.A0.BD.E5.9F.B9"></span>栽培</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 栽培" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>大麦は、本来は、後述のように<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%86%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="冬">冬</a>季に比較的降水量が多い地域を原産とする作物であり、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A7%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="秋">秋</a>に発芽して冬を越し、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%98%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="春">春</a>に大きく生長し、初夏に結実して枯れる、いわゆる冬草の一種にあたる。そのため、種を秋に蒔き、苗の状態で冬越しさせ、春に出穂（開花）・結実させて初夏に収穫する（秋蒔き）。しかし、春に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A9%8D%E7%AE%97%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="積算温度">積算温度</a>の足りない寒冷地向けの品種として、発芽に低温を必要とせず、種を春にまいて、盛夏に収穫可能な春蒔き品種が開発され、日本では、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="北海道">北海道</a>で主に栽培されている<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。世界的には、ロシアやカナダといった北方の寒冷な地域では春蒔きが中心となっている。この2国はオオムギの大生産国であるため、世界的なオオムギ生産量としては春蒔き品種のほうが多くなっている<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。これに対して<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B7%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="本州">本州</a>以南、特に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%96%A2%E6%9D%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="関東">関東</a>から<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%B7%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="九州">九州</a>にかけての地方では、夏草の性質を持つ<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A8%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="稲">稲</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AF%9B%E4%BD%9C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="二毛作">裏作</a>として秋蒔き品種の栽培が拡大した。この場合、稲の収穫が終わった秋に播種し、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E6%A4%8D%E3%81%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="田植え">田植え</a>前の初夏に収穫することになる。麦の穂が実る初夏の麦畑は、淡い茶色に染まって秋の稲田に似た光景となるため、麦の結実期のことを、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E7%A7%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦秋">麦秋</a>と呼ぶ。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="東日本">東日本</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="西日本">西日本</a>では、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="梅雨">梅雨</a>入り直前の、5月下旬から6月上旬（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E6%9A%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="グレゴリオ暦">グレゴリオ暦</a>）にあたる。なお、収穫後に乾燥状態を維持していないと、梅雨時などは土壌になくても穂先から簡単に芽吹き出すので注意が必要である。また初夏に芽吹いたとしても日本の夏の気候下ではうまく育たない。秋蒔きは、世界的にはドイツやアメリカなどを中心に行われる。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="歴史"><span id=".E6.AD.B4.E5.8F.B2"></span>歴史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 歴史" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="世界"><span id=".E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C"></span>世界</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 世界" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>オオムギが食料に供されるようになったのは紀元前1万1000年頃、栽培が始まったのは紀元前8500年頃とされている<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>現在栽培されている品種は、現在<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イラク">イラク</a>周辺に生えている二条オオムギに似た野生種<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8D%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「ホルデウム・スポンタネウム」 (存在しないページ)">ホルデウム・スポンタネウム</a>（<i><span lang="la"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_spontaneum" class="extiw" title="w:Hordeum spontaneum">Hordeum spontaneum</a></span></i>) が改良されたものともいわれる<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。当初の調理法は、炒って麦粉にしたものを水に溶かしたり、または粗挽きにした<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B2%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="粥">粥</a>だったと考えられており、やがてそこからオオムギパンの製法が開発された。</p> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B8%E3%83%97%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="古代エジプト">古代エジプト</a>でも主食の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="パン">パン</a>に使われており、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヒエログリフ">ヒエログリフ</a>にも描かれている。このころにはすでにビールの製造も開始されており、パンとビールはエジプトの食生活の中心であった。このビール製造はオオムギパン製造の過程で、オオムギを粉にしやすくするため発芽させたときに偶然製法が発見され製造され始めたと考えられており、実際にこのころのビールは現在よりもかなりどろっとしたものだった。オオムギの粥もそのまま残っており、古代ギリシアでも重要な食料だった。古代ローマの時代には市民の主食はコムギとなっており、オオムギは主に家畜の飼料用だった。なおオオムギを食べると脂肪を増やして出血を防ぐと考えられていたため、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%89%A3%E9%97%98%E5%A3%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="剣闘士">剣闘士</a>の主食となっていた。このため剣闘士は侮蔑的に「大麦食い」（ホルデアリウス）と呼ばれていた。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ワイン">ワイン</a>が主流であったローマではビールは飲まれておらず、北方にいた<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ゲルマン人">ゲルマン人</a>たちが盛んに醸造して飲んでいた。その後も長くヨーロッパでは重要な穀物であったが、グルテンがないためにコムギに比べて使用法が限定されるため、次第に主食の座から転落し、醸造や飼料用が中心となっていった<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。ヨーロッパにおいては、コムギの普及とともに二義的な地位へと落ち、中世末期にはよりパンに適したライムギよりも重要性が低くなった<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一方で、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%BB%E5%8B%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ゲルマン民族の大移動">ゲルマン民族の大移動</a>によってヨーロッパ北部を押さえたゲルマン人たちは引き続きビールを愛飲しており、ゲルマン系のフランク王国がヨーロッパのかなりの部分を押さえたことでビール製造はヨーロッパ各地に根を下ろした。このビール醸造用が次第にヨーロッパのオオムギ栽培で大きな部分を占めるようになった。</p> <p>ヨーロッパ以外でも、オオムギは各地に広く伝わり、伝来初期は主食としていた地域も多かったが、ヨーロッパと同様の理由で徐々に主食の座から転落していった。中国大陸でもオオムギは「麰」と呼ばれ、古くは広く栽培されたがコムギやコメに追い越されていった。例外は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%99%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="チベット高原">チベット高原</a>であり、ここではほかの穀物が気候的に栽培不可能であるためにオオムギは主穀となった。また、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%81%E3%82%AA%E3%83%94%E3%82%A2%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="エチオピア高原">エチオピア高原</a>においてもオオムギは重要食料となったが、こちらでは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%95_(%E7%A9%80%E7%89%A9)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="テフ (穀物)">テフ</a>の普及とともにやはり地位が下がっていった。この2地域はオオムギの品種が非常に多く、またここで生まれた品種が周辺に拡散していったものも多く、オオムギ栽培化の二次中心とされる。しかし、オオムギはすべての主要穀物の中で最も成長が早く、収穫までにかかる日数も短いうえ、乾燥や寒冷に強く、また湿潤にもある程度適応できるなど適応性が高い。このため、温帯中心にユーラシア大陸のかなり広い地域で二義的に栽培された。</p> <p>19世紀に入ると、在来品種の選抜を手始めとしてヨーロッパ各地で品種改良がおこなわれ、収量や質のいい新品種が続々と開発されるようになった。20世紀に入るとさらに品種改良は加速し、病害に強いエチオピア高原の在来種や、湿害に強い日本在来種、同じく茎の長さが短く、倒伏の危険性を抑えることのできる日本在来種など世界中の在来種が掛け合わされるようになり、オオムギの反収は大幅に向上した。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 日本" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="日本">日本</a>にオオムギが伝来したのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B8%84%E6%96%87%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="縄文時代">縄文時代</a>のことである<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。『<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%A3%E6%A0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="類聚三代格">類聚三代格</a>』には、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E4%BB%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="弘仁">弘仁</a>11年（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/820%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="820年">820年</a>）の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E6%94%BF%E5%AE%98%E7%AC%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="太政官符">太政官符</a>として「麦は（米の）絶えたるを継ぎ、乏しきを救うこと穀の尤も良きものなり」との記述がある<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>日本に伝来した麦類は最初は米と同じようには普及しなかった<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。しかし、中世になって農業技術が発達したことで<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AF%9B%E4%BD%9C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="二毛作">二毛作</a>が普及し、麦類の納税義務は減免されたため栽培面積も広まった<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。こうして中世には<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E9%A3%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦飯">麦飯</a>や雑穀飯が農民の常食となった<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E7%B2%89?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="製粉">製粉</a>する必要のあるコムギに比べ、オオムギは粒のままで食べるために手間がかからず、コムギよりも熟すのが早いため米の裏作として適していたうえ、不足しがちな米を補うものとしても適していた。</p> <p>明治時代には、コムギの45 - 47万<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%94%BA%E6%AD%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="町歩">町歩</a>に対し、オオムギの作付面積は130万町歩と、3倍近くにまで達していた。このころまでの日本でのオオムギの主要な用途は主食用であり、麦飯として米と混炊して特に農村部では重要な主食とされ、米所の宮城県でも<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%96%A2%E5%85%B5%E7%B2%BE%E9%BA%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="関兵精麦">関兵精麦</a>のような麦関連の企業が潤った。しかし農村部では白米の飯が祭礼に際しての特別なご馳走であったこと、農民にとって米は重要な<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%8F%9B%E9%87%91%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="換金作物">換金作物</a>で自家消費が抑えられ転売先の都市部で白米の飯が普及したことなどから、麦飯は白米の飯に対して農村的な格の低い洗練されない食品とされた。そのため臭くてまずいと考え、蔑んで貧民や囚人の食事とみなす者も少なくなかった（俗に言う「刑務所の臭い飯」のいわれである）。その一方で、白米の飯への憧れによって<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%84%9A%E6%B0%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="脚気">脚気</a>は近代の日本で国民病と呼ばれるまでに蔓延した。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="大日本帝国海軍">大日本帝国海軍</a>ではこれへの対策としていち早く麦飯を導入し脚気患者を激減させたが、「死地に赴く兵士に白米を食べさせてやりたい」という情から白米にこだわった<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="大日本帝国陸軍">大日本帝国陸軍</a>では日露戦争で夥しい戦病死者を出した（当時はまだビタミンが発見される前であり、麦飯の根拠は薄く伝染病説が主流だった）。また、麦が配給されていた海軍でも一部の兵士がこっそり麦を捨てていたために完全な克服には至らず、脚気禍が何度も再燃している。また、こうしたことからオオムギの価格や社会的評価は低く、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1950%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1950年">1950年</a>の国会答弁において大蔵大臣の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B1%A0%E7%94%B0%E5%8B%87%E4%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="池田勇人">池田勇人</a>が「私は所得に応じて、所得の少い人は麦を多く食う、所得の多い人は米を食うというような、経済の原則に沿った方へ持つて行きたいというのが、私の念願であります」と発言し、これが「貧乏人は麦を食え」と報道されて世論の強力な反発を受けた<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>ことなどは、この状況をよくあらわしたエピソードである。</p> <p>その後、米の収量が増えるに連れてより用途の広いコムギ栽培に取って代わられ、オオムギの作付けは減っていき、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1940%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1940年">1940年</a>には作付面積はコムギが84万町歩、オオムギが74万町歩と逆転していた<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。また、オオムギのなかでも明治初期には六条オオムギの作付面積が広かったが、大正時代に入るとハダカムギの栽培面積のほうが広くなった<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E7%B5%8C%E6%B8%88%E6%88%90%E9%95%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="高度経済成長">高度経済成長</a>期になると二毛作が経済的に引き合わなくなったためほとんど行われなくなり、裏作作物の中心的存在であったオオムギ、とくに食用を主とする六条オオムギおよびハダカムギの栽培は激減した。それに対し、明治以降にビール生産用として導入された二条オオムギの生産は大口の需要があったため、六条オオムギやハダカムギの生産が激減した後もしばらくは盛んに生産されていたが、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1970年代">1970年代</a>以降ビール原料のムギも輸入が増え、それにつれて二条オオムギの生産も減少した<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>オオムギは日本の主食用主要穀物の一つであったため、政府による統制のもとにおかれてきた。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1942%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1942年">1942年</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%B3%A7%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%B3%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食糧管理法">食糧管理法</a>に端を発する<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%B3%A7%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食糧管理制度">食糧管理制度</a>のもとで、ハダカムギ・オオムギ（主食用の六条オオムギを指す）はコムギやコメと同じく政府の管理下に置かれ、生産者は自家保有量以外を公定価格で供出し、政府は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%A9%80%E9%85%8D%E7%B5%A6%E9%80%9A%E5%B8%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="米穀配給通帳">米穀配給通帳</a>に基づき消費者へと配給することとなった。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="第二次世界大戦">第二次世界大戦</a>後、食糧難が緩和されてくるとともに配給制は廃止されるとともに麦の統制も緩和され、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1952%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1952年">1952年</a>には最低価格・最高価格の範囲内に価格を安定させる形の間接統制となった。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1994%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1994年">1994年</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E9%A3%9F%E7%B3%A7%E3%81%AE%E9%9C%80%E7%B5%A6%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E4%BE%A1%E6%A0%BC%E3%81%AE%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="主要食糧の需給及び価格の安定に関する法律">主要食糧の需給及び価格の安定に関する法律</a>（食糧法）が公布されたが、ハダカムギ・オオムギは引き続き<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BE%A1%E6%A0%BC%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="価格統制">価格統制</a>のもとにおかれた<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。その後、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1998%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1998年">1998年</a>に策定された「新たな麦政策大綱」を受けて、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000年">2000年</a>に国内産麦の民間流通制度が導入された。この制度によって国内産麦の流通管理は実態として終了し、生産者と実需者が直接取引を行い、入札によって価格形成が行われるようになった<sup id="cite_ref-Yosida_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Yosida-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>全て国内生産のみで賄われる主食用オオムギだけではなく、全量が輸入である飼料用や主食以外の用途のオオムギについても、政府がアメリカやカナダといった大生産国から輸入し業者へと売り渡す、いわゆる「政府操作飼料」という形をとっている<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-3_19-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yosida_18-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Yosida-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。これにより国内産麦の価格保護が行われてきたが、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2007%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2007年">2007年</a>以降に導入されたSBS（売買同時入札）方式の影響により、国際価格の影響を多少なりとも受けるようになった<sup id="cite_ref-Yosida_18-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Yosida-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="用途"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>用途</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 用途" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg/200px-Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg/200px-Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg/300px-Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg/400px-Mugitoro_gohan_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> 麦とろ </figcaption> </figure> <p>大麦は麦のまま<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E9%A3%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦飯">麦飯</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="サラダ">サラダ</a>に用いられたり、大麦粉などとして加工食品に用いられる<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="主食"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E9.A3.9F"></span>主食</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 主食" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BD%E3%83%9D%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="メソポタミア">メソポタミア</a>では小麦より塩害に強いため、南部の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%93%E3%83%AD%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="バビロニア">バビロニア</a>で多く栽培された。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a>では粗く挽いた大麦を煮た粥状のものが食べられていた。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="古代ローマ">古代ローマ</a>では粗挽きの大麦の粥は<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%97%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9_(%E6%96%99%E7%90%86)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「プルス (料理)」 (存在しないページ)">プルス</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puls_(food)" class="extiw" title="en:Puls (food)">英語版</a>）</span></span>と呼ばれ、主食として重要なものであった。その後パンが普及し、15〜16世紀にかけて寒冷な地でも生産性が高く、茹でただけでも比較的美味な<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ジャガイモ">ジャガイモ</a>が<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アメリカ大陸">アメリカ大陸</a>からもたらされたため、現在では主として飼料用および醸造用の穀物とされるようになった。</p> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%99%E3%83%83%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="チベット">チベット</a>で主食の中心となっている<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%84%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ツァンパ">ツァンパ</a>は、ハダカオオムギを<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E7%85%8E%E3%82%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="乾煎り">乾煎り</a>して粉砕した粉で、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E8%8C%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="バター茶">バター茶</a>で練るなどして食べられている<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>中国大陸では前述のように食味・調理法の問題から時代の経過とともに主食の座を追われていった。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="北宋">北宋</a>のころ、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="黄州 (古代)">黄州</a>へ左遷された<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="蘇軾">蘇軾</a>は生活費を抑えるため「東坡」と名付けた自宅の田畑を自ら開墾耕作していたが、とうとう米の備蓄が尽き、東坡で穫れた大麦を<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E9%A3%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="米飯">米飯</a>の代用食として炊飯することになってしまった。これが家族から「まるでシラミを噛んでいるようだ」と愚痴をこぼされるほど不評であった事から新たに<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%B1%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="小豆">小豆</a>を混ぜて炊く調理法を考案したところ今度は好評を得、妻である王閏之の言葉にしたがい「二紅飯」と命名したという随筆を残している<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>日本は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%81%E3%83%99%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%8F&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「チベット文化圏」 (存在しないページ)">チベット文化圏</a>と並んで大麦を主食穀物として多く利用する地域であった。しかし<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="明治">明治時代</a>までは今日のように、炊飯しやすい<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%8A%BC%E9%BA%A6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="押麦">押麦</a> (rolled barley) にして<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%B1%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="白米">白米</a>と混炊することは行われていなかった<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B1%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="米">米</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9B%91%E7%A9%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="雑穀">雑穀</a>と比べて煮えにくいため、挽き割り粥にするか、炊飯に先立ち、あらかじめ煮て冷まして一晩置く<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%88%E3%81%BE%E3%81%97%E9%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「えまし麦」 (存在しないページ)">えまし麦</a>としてから、単独、あるいは米や雑穀と混炊して調理した。明治時代までは、えまし麦の茹で汁は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E7%B3%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="砂糖">砂糖</a>を混ぜて<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E4%B9%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="母乳">母乳</a>の代用品として使われることもあった。しかし上記のとおり、コメの社会的な地位の高さも相まって、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E9%A3%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦飯">麦飯</a>の評価は低いものであった。現在では精白技術の向上による食味の向上や、押し麦の普及による炊飯の容易化により、健康食として再び人気を博している。</p> <p>現代における日本の主食用オオムギとしては、上記の精白した麦をローラーで押しつぶす押し麦のほか、麦の中心線に沿って二つに切断しただけの米粒麦や、二つに割った後押しつぶす白麦がある。また、そもそも押しつぶさず、精白しただけの丸麦もスープに入れるなどして食べられる。</p> <p>また、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8D%E3%82%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="とろろ">とろろ</a>には麦飯を使うものとされており、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦とろ">麦とろ</a>は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="東海道">東海道</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9E%A0%E5%AD%90%E5%AE%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="鞠子宿">鞠子宿</a>などで古くから名物となっていた。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="加工食品"><span id=".E5.8A.A0.E5.B7.A5.E9.A3.9F.E5.93.81"></span>加工食品</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 加工食品" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="麦芽の利用"><span id=".E9.BA.A6.E8.8A.BD.E3.81.AE.E5.88.A9.E7.94.A8"></span>麦芽の利用</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 麦芽の利用" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>大麦の主な用途として<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦芽">麦芽</a>の製造があげられる。麦芽は文字通りムギ類を発芽させたものであり、本来はオオムギだけを指すものではないが、一般的に、麦芽といえばオオムギからのものをさす。これはオオムギから作る麦芽が最も酵素が多く含まれるため、麦芽の質がよく、結果として麦芽を利用する場合はほとんどがオオムギ麦芽を使用することになるからである。麦芽には<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アミラーゼ">アミラーゼ</a>酵素が含まれ、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="デンプン">デンプン</a>を<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B3%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="糖">糖</a>に分解する作用があるため、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="麦芽糖">麦芽糖</a>が大量に生成される。麦芽糖はその名の通り糖であり、甘味料として<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%A3%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="水飴">水飴</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="シロップ">シロップ</a>の原料ともなるが、麦芽のもっとも重要な利用法は糖からアルコールを作ることである<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Masskruege.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Masskruege.jpg/200px-Masskruege.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Masskruege.jpg/200px-Masskruege.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Masskruege.jpg/300px-Masskruege.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Masskruege.jpg/400px-Masskruege.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> ビール製造はオオムギの最も重要な用途である </figcaption> </figure> <p>なかでもオオムギ麦芽のもっとも重要かつ一般的な使用法は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビール">ビール</a>の醸造である。ビールはコムギやほかの穀物、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%8A%E3%83%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="バナナ">バナナ</a>などから作られることもあるが、通常ビールとはオオムギ麦芽から製造されたものを指す。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1516%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1516年">1516年</a>に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="バイエルン大公">バイエルン公</a><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%98%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A04%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E5%85%AC)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヴィルヘルム4世 (バイエルン公)">ヴィルヘルム4世</a>によって制定された<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E7%B4%94%E7%B2%8B%E4%BB%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビール純粋令">ビール純粋令</a>は、「ビールは、麦芽・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%83%E3%83%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ホップ">ホップ</a>・水・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="酵母">酵母</a>のみを原料とする」ことを定めている。この法律はバイエルン史を通じて存続し、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1870%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1870年">1870年</a>に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="バイエルン">バイエルン</a>が<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ドイツ帝国">ドイツ帝国</a>に吸収されたのちも帝国によって引き継がれ、ドイツでは改正をくわえられつつも現役の法律となっている。この麦芽はオオムギを指すものではなく、コムギ麦芽を使用する<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="白ビール">白ビール</a>なども製造されているが、白ビールでも原料の一部にはオオムギを使うことが多く、またドイツでの生産の多数を占めるピルスナータイプのビールはすべてオオムギ麦芽のみを使用する。</p> <p>ビールなどの<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%86%B8%E9%80%A0%E9%85%92?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="醸造酒">醸造酒</a>のほか、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E7%95%99%E9%85%92?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="蒸留酒">蒸留酒</a>もオオムギから作られる。その中でも最も生産額が多く重要なものは、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ウィスキー">ウィスキー</a>の生産である。ウィスキーにはオオムギ麦芽（モルト）のみを原料とするモルト・ウイスキーと、トウモロコシやライムギなどほかの穀物から作られるグレーン・ウイスキーがあるが、グレーン・ウイスキーの多くはモルト・ウイスキーと混合するブレンデッド・ウイスキーとなるため、いずれにせよオオムギが大きな役割を持つ。また、ウイスキーのほか、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウォッカ">ウォッカ</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3_(%E8%92%B8%E7%95%99%E9%85%92)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ジン (蒸留酒)">ジン</a>はオオムギを原料としたものも多数存在する。</p> <p>アルコール飲料以外にも麦芽に甘味料などをくわえて飲みやすくした麦芽飲料が世界各国で飲まれ、大企業も<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ネスレ・ミロ">ネスレ・ミロ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ホーリック">ホーリック</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オバルチン">オバルチン</a>などといった麦芽飲料を製造し販売している。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="麹の利用"><span id=".E9.BA.B9.E3.81.AE.E5.88.A9.E7.94.A8"></span>麹の利用</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 麹の利用" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>日本では<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麹">麹</a>を生やして<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%86%A4%E6%B2%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="醤油">醤油</a>・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E5%99%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="味噌">味噌</a>などの<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%99%BA%E9%85%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="発酵">発酵</a>食品の原料として使われる。ハダカムギから作られる<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%91%B3%E5%99%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="麦味噌">麦味噌</a>が、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%B7%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="九州">九州</a>を中心に作られている。オオムギを使用する<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E7%84%BC%E9%85%8E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦焼酎">麦焼酎</a>のように、酒類の原料としても用いられる。麦焼酎は六条オオムギを原料にしたものと二条オオムギを原料としたものの両方があるが、麦芽ではなく麹を使うのが大きな特徴である。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="大麦粉の利用"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E9.BA.A6.E7.B2.89.E3.81.AE.E5.88.A9.E7.94.A8"></span>大麦粉の利用</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 大麦粉の利用" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>大麦粉は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麺">麺</a>やパンの材料としても用いることができる<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。ただし、小麦粉と違って<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="グルテン">グルテン</a>をほとんど含まないため、製麺の場合、麺の弾力不足を補う必要がある<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（小麦粉との混合やグルテンの添加など）。また、製パンの場合もグルテンに乏しいため、そのままだとパン生地は不安定になる<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-8" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（膨らみにくく、小麦のパンとは食感が異なるどっしりとした重い感じのパンができる）。他にも大麦粉は液状食品に利用すると粘度が高くなるなどの問題があり小麦粉に比べるとあまり利用されていない<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-9" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>大麦は小麦より粉に挽きにくいという問題があるが、発芽させることによって挽きやすくなる。</p> <p>炒った大麦を挽いた粉は、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%81%AF%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%81%84%E7%B2%89?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="はったい粉">はったい粉</a>や麦焦がしなどと呼び、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E7%B3%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="砂糖">砂糖</a>や湯などと合わせて練り、菓子の一種として食べられていた。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E7%B2%89_(%E8%8F%93%E5%AD%90)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦粉 (菓子)">麦粉</a>は菓子の原料として広く使われている。また、はったい粉を型に入れて固めた麦<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E9%9B%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="落雁">落雁</a>も、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%8F%93%E5%AD%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="和菓子">和菓子</a>として各地の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8A%98%E8%8F%93?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="銘菓">銘菓</a>となっている。</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="その他の食品"><span id=".E3.81.9D.E3.81.AE.E4.BB.96.E3.81.AE.E9.A3.9F.E5.93.81"></span>その他の食品</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: その他の食品" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>下記の栄養価と焼成した際の食感とを活かすため、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="グラノーラ">グラノーラ</a>等の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="シリアル食品">シリアル</a>の原材料にも用いられている。</p> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E7%B8%84%E7%9C%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="沖縄県">沖縄県</a>においては、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%B7%91%E8%B1%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="緑豆">緑豆</a>とオオムギを使って<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%81%82%E3%81%BE%E3%81%8C%E3%81%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="あまがし">あまがし</a>という<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%81%9C%E3%82%93%E3%81%96%E3%81%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ぜんざい">ぜんざい</a>の一種が作られ、夏の風物詩となっている<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。オオムギを<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%B3%E8%8F%93%E5%AD%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ポン菓子">ポン菓子</a>にして<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="チョコレート">チョコレート</a>をコーティングした<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%82%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦チョコ">麦チョコ</a>も、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A7%84%E8%8F%93%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="駄菓子屋">駄菓子屋</a>などで売られている。</p> <p>若葉を粉砕して粉末にしたものは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="青汁">青汁</a>の一種として、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="健康食品">健康食品</a>として売られている。なお、オオムギ穀皮抽出物は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%89%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="乳化剤">乳化剤</a>などの用途で、かつて日本の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A2%E5%AD%98%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「既存食品添加物」 (存在しないページ)">既存食品添加物</a>名簿に掲載されていたが、販売実績がないため、2005年に削除された。</p> <p><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カクテル">カクテル</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="マイタイ">マイタイ</a>に用いられる<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%97&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「オルジェーシロップ」 (存在しないページ)">オルジェーシロップ</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="スペイン語">スペイン語</a>圏で人気のある飲料<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オルチャータ">オルチャータ</a>は、どちらも<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ラテン語">ラテン語</a>で「ホルデアタ」（hordeata、「オオムギから作られた」）と呼ばれるオオムギを原料とした飲料を祖先としている。</p> <p>また、日本を含む世界各地で種子を煎ったものを煎じて、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8C%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦茶">麦茶</a>などとして飲む。日本では冷やして主に夏に飲まれるが、イタリアやスペインでは（しばしばコーヒーの代用として）深く焙煎した大麦を濃く煎じたものを温かくして季節を問わず飲用する（イタリアの<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%83%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カッフェ・ドルゾ">カッフェ・ドルゾ</a>、スペインの<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%80&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="「アグア・デ・セバダ」 (存在しないページ)">アグア・デ・セバダ</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua_de_cebada" class="extiw" title="es:Agua de cebada">スペイン語版</a>）</span></span>）。日本でも<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%88%B8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="江戸時代">江戸時代</a>には麦湯と呼ばれ、温かくして飲むものであったが、新麦を使うものが美味であるため、季節はやはりオオムギの収穫期である夏のものであった。</p> <div class="rellink" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 2em; font-size: 90%;" role="note"> →「<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%84%99%E7%85%8E%E7%A9%80%E7%89%A9%E9%A3%B2%E6%96%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="焙煎穀物飲料">焙煎穀物飲料</a>」を参照 </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="その他の用途"><span id=".E3.81.9D.E3.81.AE.E4.BB.96.E3.81.AE.E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>その他の用途</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: その他の用途" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>その他の用途としては<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%95%9C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="家畜">家畜</a>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%BC%E6%96%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="飼料">飼料</a>などがある。オオムギの利用史において、飼料用は世界のほとんどの地域において常に大きな部分を占めている。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウシ">ウシ</a>や<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%84%E3%82%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ヒツジ">ヒツジ</a>などの<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%8A%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="反芻">反芻</a>する家畜はオオムギを好み、特に皮の部分を好むからである<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。大生産国であるヨーロッパやアメリカにおいては、飼料用とビール・ウィスキー醸造用がオオムギの用途のほとんどを占め、そのまま食用とすることは少ない。日本においても飼料用オオムギは重要であり、オオムギ消費の大きな部分を占める。飼料としては、ウシの肥育に使用される場合が多い。オオムギを飼料として販売する場合、日本においては変形加工することが義務付けられている<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-3_19-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>また、オオムギ発酵エキスに白髪を黒くさせる作用のある成分が含まれ、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%AF%9B%E7%97%87?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E8%82%B2%E6%AF%9B%E5%89%A4%E3%81%A8%E8%96%84%E6%AF%9B%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E8%96%AC" title="脱毛症">育毛剤</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="シャンプー">シャンプー</a>などに応用が考えられている。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="栄養価"><span id=".E6.A0.84.E9.A4.8A.E4.BE.A1"></span>栄養価</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 栄養価" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <table class="infobox nowrap" style="width:22em;"> <caption itemprop="name" class="" style="white-space:normal; padding-bottom:0.15em;"> おおむぎ　押麦<sup id="cite_ref-mext7_25-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mext7-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody> <tr style=""> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">100 gあたりの栄養価</th> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E7%9A%84%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="生理的熱量">エネルギー</a></th> <td class="" style="" itemprop="">1,423 kJ (340 kcal)</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="炭水化物">炭水化物</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 77.8 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="デンプン">デンプン</a> <small><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template%E2%80%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E6%A0%84%E9%A4%8A%E4%BE%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#P" title="Template‐ノート:栄養価">正確性注意</a></small></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">71.2 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食物繊維">食物繊維</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">9.6 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="脂肪">脂肪</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 1.3 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> <b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="タンパク質">タンパク質</a></b> </div></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"> 6.2 g </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビタミン">ビタミン</a></th> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="チアミン">チアミン</a> (B<sub>1</sub>)</th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (5%) </div> 0.06 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%9C%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="リボフラビン">リボフラビン</a> (B<sub>2</sub>)</th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (3%) </div> 0.04 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ナイアシン">ナイアシン</a> (B<sub>3</sub>)</th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (11%) </div> 1.6 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E9%85%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="パントテン酸">パントテン酸</a> (B<sub>5</sub>)</th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (9%) </div> 0.46 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビタミンB6">ビタミンB<sub>6</sub></a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (11%) </div> 0.14 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%91%89%E9%85%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="葉酸">葉酸</a> (B<sub>9</sub>)</th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (2%) </div> 9 µg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビタミンE">ビタミンE</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (1%) </div> 0.1 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8D%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ミネラル">ミネラル</a></th> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ナトリウム">ナトリウム</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (0%) </div> 2 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%A8%E9%80%94" title="カリウム">カリウム</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (4%) </div> 170 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="カルシウム">カルシウム</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (2%) </div> 17 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="マグネシウム">マグネシウム</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (7%) </div> 25 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%A8%E9%80%94" title="リン">リン</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (16%) </div> 110 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%89%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%93%E5%86%85%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AE%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8" title="鉄">鉄分</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (8%) </div> 1.0 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BA%9C%E9%89%9B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%93%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E4%BA%9C%E9%89%9B" title="亜鉛">亜鉛</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (13%) </div> 1.2 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%8A%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%93%E5%86%85%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AE%E5%83%8D%E3%81%8D%E3%81%A8%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7" title="銅">銅</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (20%) </div> 0.40 mg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%93%E5%86%85%E3%81%AE%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3" title="セレン">セレン</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop=""> <div style="float:right"> (1%) </div> 1 µg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;">他の成分</th> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="水分">水分</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">14.0 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食物繊維">水溶性食物繊維</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">6.0 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食物繊維">不溶性食物繊維</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">3.6 g</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%AA%E3%83%81%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ビオチン">ビオチン（B<sub>7</sub>）</a></th> <td class="" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;" itemprop="">2.6 µg</td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""> <hr> <div class="wrap" style="font-size:90%;padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;"> ビタミンEはα─トコフェロールのみを示した<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。歩留り：玄皮麦45 - 55 %、玄裸麦55 - 65 % </div></td> </tr> <tr class="" style="" itemprop=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;" itemprop=""> <div class="plainlist" style="font-size:90%;background:light-dark(#e0e0e0, #333);color:light-dark(#333, #fff);padding:0.15em;line-height:1.25em;"> <ul> <li>単位</li> <li>µg = <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/microgram" class="extiw" title="en:microgram">マイクログラム (英語版)</a> • mg = <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ミリグラム">ミリグラム</a></li> <li>IU = <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%98%E4%BD%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="国際単位">国際単位</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="wrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;background:#e0e0e0;padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">%はアメリカ合衆国における<br> 成人<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E6%8C%87%E9%87%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食生活指針">栄養摂取目標</a><small> (<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_Daily_Intake" class="extiw" title="en:Reference Daily Intake"><span lang="en">RDI</span></a>) </small>の割合。</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <dl> <dt> 豊富な水溶性食物繊維と効果 </dt> <dd> 大麦は他の穀類と比較すると食物繊維が多い<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-10" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。特に小麦や精白米は不溶性食物繊維が多いのに対し、大麦は水溶性食物繊維の割合が高いのが特徴である<sup id="cite_ref-ueno2017_9-11" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ueno2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。大麦の豊富な水溶性食物繊維の大部分は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Βグルカン">βグルカン</a>である。大麦の摂取による血中<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コレステロール">コレステロール</a>値上昇抑制作用、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%B3%96%E5%80%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="血糖値">血糖値</a>上昇抑制作用、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BMI?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="BMI">BMI</a>値低減効果が報告されている<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt> 抗癌作用を主張する研究について </dt> <dd> かつて、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%B6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E8%A8%88%E7%94%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="デザイナーフーズ計画">デザイナーフーズ計画</a>のピラミッドで3群に属しており、3群の中でも、ローズマリー、セージ、ベリー、ジャガイモと共に3群の最下位に属するが、癌予防効果のある食材であると位置づけられていた<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </dd> </dl> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right"> <caption> 100g中の食物繊維<sup id="cite_ref-mext_29-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mext-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>項目</th> <th>分量</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="炭水化物">炭水化物</a></td> <td>77.8 g</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="食物繊維">食物繊維</a>総量</td> <td>9.6 g</td> </tr> <tr> <td>水溶性食物繊維</td> <td>6.0 g</td> </tr> <tr> <td>不溶性食物繊維</td> <td>3.6 g</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Barley-AAS.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Barley-AAS.JPG/330px-Barley-AAS.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="208" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="483" data-file-height="305"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 330px;height: 208px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Barley-AAS.JPG/330px-Barley-AAS.JPG" data-width="330" data-height="208" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Barley-AAS.JPG 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <b>オオムギ</b>の<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E%E9%85%B8%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アミノ酸スコア">アミノ酸スコア</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <div style="clear:left;"></div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="生産量"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.94.A3.E9.87.8F"></span>生産量</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 生産量" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p>オオムギは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イネ">イネ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コムギ">コムギ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A2%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="トウモロコシ">トウモロコシ</a>に次いで世界で4番目に多く栽培されている穀物である。生産量はかつて増加傾向にあり、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1961%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1961年">1961年</a>には7200万トンだった生産量は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2008年">2008年</a>には1億5500万トン<sup id="cite_ref-prodstat_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-prodstat-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>と、倍以上に増加している。しかし<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1970年代">1970年代</a>からは増加は停滞傾向にある<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2004%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2004年">2004年</a>の世界の総生産量は1億5362万4393<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="トン">トン</a>であった。世界で最もオオムギの生産量が多い国は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ロシア">ロシア</a>であり、以下<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カナダ">カナダ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ドイツ">ドイツ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウクライナ">ウクライナ</a>、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="フランス">フランス</a>と続く。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/FAO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a>の <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://faostat.fao.org/faostat/servlet/XteServlet3?Areas%3D%253E862%26Items%3D44%26Elements%3D51%26Years%3D2004%26Format%3DTable%26Xaxis%3DYears%26Yaxis%3DCountries%26Aggregate%3D%26Calculate%3D%26Domain%3DSUA%26ItemTypes%3DProduction.Crops.Primary%26language%3DEN">統計</a>によれば、主要生産国の国別生産量は以下の通りであった。</p> <p>2004年度</p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody> <tr> <th></th> <th>国</th> <th>トン</th> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>1</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Russia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="ロシアの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="ロシアの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="ロシアの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ロシア">ロシア</a></td> <td>1717万9740</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>2</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Canada.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="カナダの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="カナダの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/25px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/25px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" data-alt="カナダの旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/38px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/50px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カナダ">カナダ</a></td> <td>1318万6400</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>3</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Germany.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="ドイツの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="ドイツの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" data-alt="ドイツの旗" data-width="25" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ドイツ">ドイツ</a></td> <td>1299万3000</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </span><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウクライナ">ウクライナ</a></td> <td>1106万8800</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>5</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="フランスの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="フランスの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" data-alt="フランスの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/38px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/50px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="フランス">フランス</a></td> <td>1104万0214</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>6</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Spain.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="スペインの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="スペインの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/25px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/25px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" data-alt="スペインの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/38px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/50px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="スペイン">スペイン</a></td> <td>1060万8700</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>7</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Turkey.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="トルコの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="トルコの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" data-alt="トルコの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/38px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/50px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="トルコ">トルコ</a></td> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>900万0000</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>8</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Australia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="オーストラリアの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="オーストラリアの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" data-alt="オーストラリアの旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オーストラリア">オーストラリア</a></td> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>645万4000</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>9</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="アメリカ合衆国の旗"> <noscript> <img alt="アメリカ合衆国の旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="アメリカ合衆国の旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アメリカ合衆国">アメリカ合衆国</a></td> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>608万0020</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="イギリスの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="イギリスの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" data-alt="イギリスの旗" data-width="25" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イギリス">イギリス</a></td> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>586万0000</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>参考：<span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Japan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="日本の旗"> <noscript> <img alt="日本の旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="日本の旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="日本">日本</a> 19万5400トン(2007年度）</p> <p>2009年〜2011年</p> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <caption> オオムギ生産上位10か国（単位・100万トン）<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>順位</th> <th>国</th> <th>2009</th> <th>2010</th> <th>2011</th> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>1</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Russia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="ロシアの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="ロシアの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="ロシアの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ロシア">ロシア</a></td> <td>17.8</td> <td>8.3</td> <td>16.9</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>2</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </span><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ウクライナ">ウクライナ</a></td> <td>11.8</td> <td>8.4</td> <td>9.1</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>3</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="フランスの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="フランスの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" data-alt="フランスの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/38px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/50px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="フランス">フランス</a></td> <td>12.8</td> <td>10.1</td> <td>8.8</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>4</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Germany.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="ドイツの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="ドイツの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" data-alt="ドイツの旗" data-width="25" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ドイツ">ドイツ</a></td> <td>12.2</td> <td>10.4</td> <td>8.7</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>5</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Australia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="オーストラリアの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="オーストラリアの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" data-alt="オーストラリアの旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オーストラリア">オーストラリア</a></td> <td>7.9</td> <td>7.2</td> <td>7.9</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>6</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Canada.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="カナダの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="カナダの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/25px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/25px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" data-alt="カナダの旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/38px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/50px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="カナダ">カナダ</a></td> <td>9.5</td> <td>7.6</td> <td>7.7</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>7</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Turkey.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="トルコの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="トルコの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" data-alt="トルコの旗" data-width="25" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/38px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/50px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="トルコ">トルコ</a></td> <td>7.3</td> <td>7.2</td> <td>7.6</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>8</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="イギリスの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="イギリスの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" data-alt="イギリスの旗" data-width="25" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="イギリス">イギリス</a></td> <td>6.6</td> <td>5.2</td> <td>5.4</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span style="speak:none;visibility:hidden;color:transparent">0</span>9</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_Argentina.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="アルゼンチンの旗"> <noscript> <img alt="アルゼンチンの旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/25px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/25px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" data-alt="アルゼンチンの旗" data-width="25" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/38px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/50px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アルゼンチン">アルゼンチン</a></td> <td>1.3</td> <td>2.9</td> <td>4.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td align="left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="アメリカ合衆国の旗"> <noscript> <img alt="アメリカ合衆国の旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="アメリカ合衆国の旗" data-width="25" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="アメリカ合衆国">アメリカ合衆国</a></td> <td>4.9</td> <td>3.9</td> <td>3.3</td> </tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th>—</th> <th>世界総計</th> <th>151.8</th> <th>123.7</th> <th>134.3</th> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>また、日本国内においては、平成19年度で二条大麦が12万8200トン、六条大麦が5万2100トン、裸麦が1万4300トンとなっている。二条大麦の生産量が最も多いのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E8%B3%80%E7%9C%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="佐賀県">佐賀県</a>で、4万1600トン、全国生産量の32.4%にのぼる。六条大麦の生産量が最も多いのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E4%BA%95%E7%9C%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="福井県">福井県</a>で、1万7100トン、全国生産量の32.8%にのぼる。裸麦の生産量が最も多いのは<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%AA%9B%E7%9C%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="愛媛県">愛媛県</a>で5880トン、全国生産量の41.1%を占める。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>自給率は8%前後である<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> <p>日本はオオムギの大輸入国ではあるが、主食用のオオムギに関しては100%自給を達成している<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一方、飼料用のオオムギに関してはほぼ100%を輸入に頼っている<sup id="cite_ref-名前なし-3_19-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="オオムギをめぐる出来事"><span id=".E3.82.AA.E3.82.AA.E3.83.A0.E3.82.AE.E3.82.92.E3.82.81.E3.81.90.E3.82.8B.E5.87.BA.E6.9D.A5.E4.BA.8B"></span>オオムギをめぐる出来事</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: オオムギをめぐる出来事" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="国際関係"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E9.9A.9B.E9.96.A2.E4.BF.82"></span>国際関係</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 国際関係" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>2010年代、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E4%B8%AD%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="豪中関係">豪中関係</a>が悪化する中、中国は<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="オーストラリア">オーストラリア</a>産大麦について、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%BD%93%E5%BB%89%E5%A3%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="不当廉売">不当廉売</a>が行われているとして反ダンピングおよび反補助金調査を開始。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2020年">2020年</a>5月19日に<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E9%96%A2%E7%A8%8E%E6%8E%AA%E7%BD%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="アンチ・ダンピング関税措置">アンチ・ダンピング関税</a>などの名目で80.5％の追加関税を課すことを決定。これに対してオーストラリアは、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/WTO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="WTO">WTO</a>紛争解決手続きの申し立てを行うこととなった<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 脚注" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div class="noprint" style="float:right; font-size:90%;"> [<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8/%E8%AA%AD%E8%80%85%E5%90%91%E3%81%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:脚注/読者向け"><span title="この欄の操作法">脚注の使い方</span></a>] </div> <div class="reflist" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -moz-column-width: 20em; -webkit-column-width: 20em; column-width: 20em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.maff.go.jp/j/pr/aff/1003/spe1_01.html">http://www.maff.go.jp/j/pr/aff/1003/spe1_01.html</a> 農林水産省特集麦（1） 2015年1月10日閲覧</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">森川利信「第8章オオムギの進化と多様性」『麦の自然史 : 人と自然が育んだムギ農耕』佐藤洋一郎、加藤鎌司編著、北海道大学出版会、2010年、p.161 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101121245">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration 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.mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/978-4-8329-8190-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="特別:文献資料/978-4-8329-8190-4">978-4-8329-8190-4</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂　食用作物」p191-192　国分牧衛　養賢堂　2010年8月10日第1版発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">森川利信「第8章オオムギの進化と多様性」『麦の自然史 : 人と自然が育んだムギ農耕』佐藤洋一郎、加藤鎌司編著、北海道大学出版会、2010年、pp.166-167 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r101121245"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/978-4-8329-8190-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="特別:文献資料/978-4-8329-8190-4">978-4-8329-8190-4</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">『FOOD'S FOOD 新版食材図典生鮮食材編』p.314 2003年3月20日初版第1刷小学館</span></li> <li id="cite_note-名前なし-1-6">^ <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">「新訂食用作物」p.192 国分牧衛養賢堂 2010年8月10日第1版</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂食用作物」p.201 国分牧衛養賢堂 2010年8月10日第1版</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂食用作物」p.200 国分牧衛養賢堂 2010年8月10日第1版</span></li> <li id="cite_note-ueno2017-9">^ <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ueno2017_9-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">上野茂昭. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jshe.jp/doc_top/column_20170605.pdf">高β-グルカン含有大麦粉の調理加工特性</a>”. 日本家政学会. <span title="">2020年5月20日</span>閲覧。</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">『ケンブリッジ世界の食物史大百科事典2 主要食物：栽培作物と飼養動物』三輪睿太郎監訳朝倉書店 2004年9月10日第2版第1刷 p.17</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「コムギの食文化を知る事典」p.25 岡田哲東京堂出版平成13年7月15日初版発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「中世ヨーロッパ食の生活史」p.58 ブリュノ・ロリウー著吉田春美訳原書房 2003年10月4日第1刷</span></li> <li id="cite_note-名前なし-2-13">^ <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-2_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-2_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">『飲食事典』本山荻舟平凡社 p.78 昭和33年12月25日発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://showa.mainichi.jp/news/1950/12/post-e58e.html">http://showa.mainichi.jp/news/1950/12/post-e58e.html</a> 「昭和毎日：池田蔵相「貧乏人は麦を食え」と発言 1950年12月07日」毎日新聞社 2015年1月12日閲覧</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">『飲食事典』本山荻舟平凡社 p.78 昭和33年12月25日発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂食用作物」p.194 国分牧衛養賢堂 2010年8月10日第1版</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.maff.go.jp/j/kokuji_tuti/kokuji/k0000059.html">https://www.maff.go.jp/j/kokuji_tuti/kokuji/k0000059.html</a> 「主要食糧の需給及び価格の安定に関する法律の施行に関する件平成七年三月二十七日 (農林水産省告示第四百五十七号 )」農林水産省 2015年1月10日閲覧</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Yosida-18">^ <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Yosida_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Yosida_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Yosida_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">吉田行郷農林水産省農林水産政策研究所（編）『日本の麦：拡大する市場の徹底分析』 <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E5%B1%B1%E6%BC%81%E6%9D%91%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%8D%94%E4%BC%9A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="農山漁村文化協会">農山漁村文化協会</a> 2017年、<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/9784540161803?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-540-16180-3</a> 第1章.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-名前なし-3-19">^ <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-3_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.zenbakuren.or.jp/fodder/index.html">http://www.zenbakuren.or.jp/fodder/index.html</a> 「飼料としての大麦」全麦連 2015年1月12日閲覧</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「世界の食文化百科事典」p123　野林厚志編　丸善出版　令和3年1月30日発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.takungpao.com.hk/culture/text/2017/0605/86762.html">https://www.takungpao.com.hk/culture/text/2017/0605/86762.html</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂　食用作物」p204　国分牧衛　養賢堂　2010年8月10日第1版発行</span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「保存版沖縄ぬちぐすい事典」監修尚弘子 pp.20-21 2002年11月24日初版第1刷プロジェクト・シュリ</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「品種改良の世界史作物編」p.77 鵜飼保雄、大澤良編著悠書館 2010年12月28日第1刷</span></li> <li id="cite_note-mext7-25"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mext7_25-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%83%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%9C%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="文部科学省">文部科学省</a>　「<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/syokuhinseibun/1365297.htm">日本食品標準成分表2015年版（七訂）</a>」</span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%8E%9A%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%B4%E5%83%8D%E7%9C%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="厚生労働省">厚生労働省</a>　「<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/05-Shingikai-10901000-Kenkoukyoku-Soumuka/0000114399.pdf">日本人の食事摂取基準（2015年版）</a>」</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">荒木茂樹ほか、「<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.67.235">大麦の生理作用と健康強調表示の現況</a>」『栄養学雑誌』 2009年 67巻 5号 p.235-251, <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(%E8%AD%98%E5%88%A5%E5%AD%90)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (識別子)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.5264%252Feiyogakuzashi.67.235">10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.67.235</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">大澤俊彦、「<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2740/jisdh.20.11">がん予防と食品</a>」『日本食生活学会誌』 2009年 20巻 1号 p.11-16, <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(%E8%AD%98%E5%88%A5%E5%AD%90)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (識別子)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2740%252Fjisdh.20.11">10.2740/jisdh.20.11</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-mext-29"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mext_29-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/gijyutu/gijyutu3/toushin/05031802/002.htm">五訂増補日本食品標準成分表</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/">http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">[『タンパク質・アミノ酸の必要量 WHO/FAO/UNU合同専門協議会報告』日本アミノ酸学会監訳、医歯薬出版、2009年05月。<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/9784263705681?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4263705681</a> 邦訳元 <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf">Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition</a></i>, Report of a Joint WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation, 2007]</span></li> <li id="cite_note-prodstat-32"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-prodstat_32-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx">ProdSTAT</a>”. <i>FAOSTAT</i>. <span title="">2006年12月26日</span>閲覧。</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「新訂食用作物」p.193 国分牧衛養賢堂 2010年8月10日第1版</span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID%3D567%23ancor">FAOSTAT</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.toukei.maff.go.jp/dijest/mugisoba/mugisoba03-04/mugisoba03-04.html">グラフと絵で見る食料･農業統計ダイジェスト 3 麦農林水産省</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">「地域食材大百科第1巻穀類・いも・豆類・種実」p.127 社団法人農山漁村文化協会 2010年3月10日第1刷</span></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112163130/http://www.zenbakuren.or.jp/trivia/production.html">大麦の生産量と輸入量：大麦豆知識</a>”. 全麦連（全国精麦工業協同組合連合会）. 2015年1月12日時点の<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.zenbakuren.or.jp/trivia/production.html">オリジナル</a>よりアーカイブ。<span title="">2015年1月12日</span>閲覧。</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-38"><b><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jetro.go.jp/biznews/2020/12/93b638c24085e2f5.html">ビジネス短信オーストラリア政府、大麦への追加関税で中国をWTOに提訴へ</a>” (2020年12月17日). <span title="">2020年12月17日</span>閲覧。</cite></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="関連項目"><span id=".E9.96.A2.E9.80.A3.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE"></span>関連項目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 関連項目" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r94202605">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox noprint" style="width:22em;"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist" style="font-size:100%;"> ウィキメディア・コモンズには、<b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hordeum_vulgare?uselang%3Dja">オオムギ</a></span></b>に関連するカテゴリがあります。 </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r94202605"> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox noprint" style="width:22em;"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 34px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="34" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist" style="font-size:100%;"> ウィキスピーシーズに<b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare?uselang%3Dja">オオムギ</a></span></b>に関する情報があります。 </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦芽">麦芽</a></li> <li><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8C%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦茶">麦茶</a></li> <li><a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%A7%92%E8%8F%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="麦角菌">麦角菌</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="外部リンク"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E3.83.AA.E3.83.B3.E3.82.AF"></span>外部リンク</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="節を編集: 外部リンク" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>編集</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nibiohn.go.jp/eiken/info/hf2.html">オオムギ</a> - 素材情報データベース＜有効性情報＞（<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E3%83%BB%E6%A0%84%E9%A4%8A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="国立健康・栄養研究所">国立健康・栄養研究所</a>）</li> <li>『<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kotobank.jp/word/%25E3%2582%25AA%25E3%2582%25AA%25E3%2583%25A0%25E3%2582%25AE">オオムギ</a>』 - <a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="コトバンク">コトバンク</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.kagakueizo.org/movie/education/48/">『ビール誕生』(1954年)</a> - 日本麦酒(1949年設立、現・<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%83%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AD%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="サッポロビール">サッポロビール</a>)の企画の下で<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E5%B2%A1%E7%94%B0%E6%A1%91%E4%B8%89?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="岡田桑三">東京シネマ</a>が制作。作品前半部分の中で「ゴールデンメロン」と呼ばれる「粒の大きな二条種のビール麦」が紹介される場面があり、その後にはビール工場の全景と製造現場を映し出す場面が控えている。『<a href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%98%A0%E5%83%8F%E9%A4%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="科学映像館">科学映像館</a>』より。</li> </ul> <p><br></p>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> 「<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE%26oldid%3D101823351">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=オオムギ&oldid=101823351</a>」から取得 </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ja-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Kushiel256" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1726202180"> <span>最終更新: 2024年9月13日 (金) 04:36</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>言語</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gars" title="アフリカーンス語: Gars" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gars" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="アフリカーンス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerste" title="スイスドイツ語: Gerste" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gerste" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="スイスドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258C%2588%25E1%2589%25A5%25E1%2588%25B5" title="アムハラ語: ገብስ" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ገብስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="アムハラ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="アラゴン語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="アラゴン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bere" title="古英語: Bere" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Bere" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C" title="アンギカ語: जौ" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जौ" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="アンギカ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="アラビア語: شعير" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A3%25DC%25A5%25DC%25AA%25DC%25AC%25DC%2590" title="アラム語: ܣܥܪܬܐ" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܥܪܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="アラム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="エジプト・アラビア語: شعير" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="エジプト・アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="アストゥリアス語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="アストゥリアス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C" title="アワディー語: जौ" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जौ" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="アワディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwara" title="アイマラ語: Siwara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Siwara" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="アイマラ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_arpa" title="アゼルバイジャン語: Adi arpa" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Adi arpa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="アゼルバイジャン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B1%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7" title="South Azerbaijani: آرپا" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرپا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="バシキール語: Арпа" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Арпа" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="バシキール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barli" title="バリ語: Barli" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Barli" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="バリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerschn" title="バイエルン・オーストリア語: Gerschn" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gerschn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="バイエルン・オーストリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C4%2597i%25C5%25BE%25C4%2593" title="サモギティア語: Mėižē" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mėižē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="サモギティア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D1%2587%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B" title="ベラルーシ語: Ячмень звычайны" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ячмень звычайны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ベラルーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D1%2587%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B" title="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography): Ячмень звычайны" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ячмень звычайны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="ブルガリア語: Ечемик" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ечемик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ブルガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawawut" title="バンジャル語: Jawawut" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Jawawut" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="バンジャル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25AC" title="ベンガル語: যব" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ベンガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2593%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258D" title="チベット語: ནས།" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ནས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="チベット語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiz" title="ブルトン語: Heiz" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Heiz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ブルトン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%25C4%258Dam" title="ボスニア語: Ječam" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ječam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ボスニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9" title="ブリヤート語: Арбай" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Арбай" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="ブリヤート語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordi" title="カタロニア語: Ordi" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ordi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%25C3%25A2i-m%25C4%2583k" title="閩東語: Duâi-măk" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Duâi-măk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="閩東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D1%2585" title="チェチェン語: Мукх" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мукх" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="チェチェン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="セブアノ語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="セブアノ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25DB%2586" title="中央クルド語: جۆ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中央クルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%25C4%258Dmen_set%25C3%25BD" title="チェコ語: Ječmen setý" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ječmen setý" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2580%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="チュヴァシ語: Урпа" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Урпа" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="チュヴァシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haidd" title="ウェールズ語: Haidd" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Haidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ウェールズ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almindelig_byg" title="デンマーク語: Almindelig byg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Almindelig byg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="デンマーク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerste" title="ドイツ語: Gerste" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gerste" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cew" title="ザザキ語: Cew" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cew" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="ザザキ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C%25E0%25A4%2581" title="Doteli: जौँ" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जौँ" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2580%25DE%25A8%25DE%2589%25DE%25A6_%25DE%258E%25DE%25AE%25DE%258B%25DE%25A6%25DE%2582%25DE%25B0" title="ディベヒ語: ހިމަ ގޮދަން" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހިމަ ގޮދަން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ディベヒ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CF%2581%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B8%25CE%25AC%25CF%2581%25CE%25B9" title="ギリシャ語: Κριθάρι" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κριθάρι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ギリシャ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="良質な記事"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley" title="英語: Barley" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Barley" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinara_hordeo" title="エスペラント語: Ordinara hordeo" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ordinara hordeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="スペイン語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oder" title="エストニア語: Oder" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Oder" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garagar" title="バスク語: Garagar" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Garagar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="バスク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="エストレマドゥーラ語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="エストレマドゥーラ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588_(%25DA%25AF%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D9%2587)" title="ペルシア語: جو (گیاه)" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جو (گیاه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohra" title="フィンランド語: Ohra" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ohra" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesev" title="ヴォロ語: Kesev" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kesev" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="ヴォロ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orge_commune" title="フランス語: Orge commune" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Orge commune" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bere_(slach)" title="北フリジア語: Bere (slach)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bere (slach)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北フリジア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eorna" title="アイルランド語: Eorna" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eorna" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="アイルランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebada" title="ガリシア語: Cebada" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cebada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ガリシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sev%25C3%25A1da" title="グアラニー語: Seváda" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Seváda" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="グアラニー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oarn" title="マン島語: Oarn" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Oarn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="マン島語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sha%2527ir" title="ハウサ語: Sha'ir" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sha'ir" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ハウサ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai-ma%25CC%258Dk" title="客家語: Thai-ma̍k" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thai-ma̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A2%25D7%2595%25D7%25A8%25D7%2594_%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A8%25D7%2591%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA" title="ヘブライ語: שעורה תרבותית" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שעורה תרבותית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C" title="ヒンディー語: जौ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जौ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ヒンディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley" title="フィジー・ヒンディー語: Barley" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Barley" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="フィジー・ヒンディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%25C4%258Dam_ozimac" title="クロアチア語: Ječam ozimac" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ječam ozimac" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sywny_je%25C4%258Dmje%25C5%2584" title="高地ソルブ語: Sywny ječmjeń" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sywny ječmjeń" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="高地ソルブ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2592j" title="ハイチ・クレオール語: Òj" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Òj" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ハイチ・クレオール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581rpa_(n%25C3%25B6v%25C3%25A9nyfaj)" title="ハンガリー語: Árpa (növényfaj)" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Árpa (növényfaj)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ハンガリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258D%25D5%25B8%25D5%25BE%25D5%25B8%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6_%25D5%25A3%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB" title="アルメニア語: Սովորական գարի" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սովորական գարի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="アルメニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeo" title="インターリングア: Hordeo" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hordeo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="インターリングア" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barli" title="インドネシア語: Barli" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Barli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebada" title="イロカノ語: Sebada" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sebada" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="イロカノ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeo" title="イド語: Hordeo" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hordeo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="イド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bygg" title="アイスランド語: Bygg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bygg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="アイスランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="イタリア語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawawut" title="ジャワ語: Jawawut" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jawawut" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ジャワ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%25A5%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598" title="ジョージア語: სათესი ქერი" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სათესი ქერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ジョージア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%25E1%25BA%2593in" title="カビル語: Timẓin" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timẓin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="カビル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D1%258C%25D1%258D_(%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D1%258D%25D0%25BA%25D3%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25B3%25D1%258A%25D1%258D)" title="カバルド語: Хьэ (къэкӀыгъэ)" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хьэ (къэкӀыгъэ)" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="カバルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C6%2586r%25C9%25A9g%25C9%25A9" title="Kabiye: Ɔrɩgɩ" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ɔrɩgɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D3%2599%25D0%25B4%25D1%2596%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B3%25D1%2596_%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="カザフ語: Кәдімгі арпа" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кәдімгі арпа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="カザフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25AC%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B2%25BF" title="カンナダ語: ಬಾರ್ಲಿ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಾರ್ಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="カンナダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25B3%25B4%25EB%25A6%25AC" title="韓国語: 보리" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C3%25A4%25C3%25A4ch" title="ケルン語: Jääch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jääch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="ケルン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barlys" title="コーンウォール語: Barlys" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Barlys" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="コーンウォール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="キルギス語: Арпа" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Арпа" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="キルギス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="ラテン語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ラテン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaes" title="リンブルフ語: Gaes" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gaes" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="リンブルフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2592rzio" title="リグリア語: Òrzio" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Òrzio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="リグリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde" title="Ladin: Orde" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Orde" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="ロンバルド語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ロンバルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprastasis_mie%25C5%25BEis" title="リトアニア語: Paprastasis miežis" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paprastasis miežis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="リトアニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mie%25C5%25BEi" title="ラトビア語: Mieži" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mieži" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ラトビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C" title="マイティリー語: जौ" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जौ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="マイティリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vary_orza" title="マダガスカル語: Vary orza" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vary orza" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="マダガスカル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2588%25D0%25B0%25D1%2587%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD" title="マケドニア語: Јачмен" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јачмен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B4%2582" title="マラヤーラム語: യവം" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="マラヤーラム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9" title="モンゴル語: Арвай" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Арвай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="モンゴル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B5" title="マラーティー語: जव" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="マラーティー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barli" title="マレー語: Barli" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Barli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="マレー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%259A%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC" title="ミャンマー語: မုယော" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မုယော" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ミャンマー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D1%2588%25D1%2583%25D0%25B6" title="エルジャ語: Алкуксонь шуж" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Алкуксонь шуж" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="エルジャ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uorgio" title="ナポリ語: Uorgio" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Uorgio" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="ナポリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gassen" title="低地ドイツ語: Gassen" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gassen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258C" title="ネパール語: जौ" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जौ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="ネパール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%259B%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5" title="ネワール語: तछ्व" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तछ्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="ネワール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerst" title="オランダ語: Gerst" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gerst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bygg" title="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク): Bygg" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bygg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seksradsbygg" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Seksradsbygg" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Seksradsbygg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2592rdi" title="オック語: Òrdi" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Òrdi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="オック語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25AF%25E0%25AC%2585" title="オディア語: ଯଅ" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଯଅ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="オディア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA" title="オセット語: Сиск" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сиск" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="オセット語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A9%258C%25E0%25A8%2582" title="パンジャブ語: ਜੌਂ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੌਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="パンジャブ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C4%2599czmie%25C5%2584_zwyczajny" title="ポーランド語: Jęczmień zwyczajny" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jęczmień zwyczajny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A4" title="Western Punjabi: جؤ" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جؤ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B4%25DB%2590" title="パシュトゥー語: وربشې" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وربشې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="パシュトゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cevada" title="ポルトガル語: Cevada" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cevada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwara" title="ケチュア語: Siwara" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Siwara" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ケチュア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orz" title="ルーマニア語: Orz" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Orz" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordzu" title="アルーマニア語: Ordzu" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Ordzu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="アルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D1%2587%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9" title="ロシア語: Ячмень обыкновенный" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ячмень обыкновенный" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%2583" title="サンスクリット語: यवः" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="यवः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="サンスクリット語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D1%258D%25D1%2587%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD" title="サハ語: Нэчимиэн" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Нэчимиэн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="サハ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriu" title="シチリア語: Oriu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Oriu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="シチリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baurley" title="スコットランド語: Baurley" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Baurley" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="スコットランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588" title="シンド語: جو" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="シンド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%25C4%258Dam" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Ječam" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ječam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%25E1%25BA%2593in" title="タシルハイト語: Timẓin" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Timẓin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="タシルハイト語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barley" title="シンプル英語: Barley" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Barley" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="シンプル英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%25C4%258Dme%25C5%2588_siaty" title="スロバキア語: Jačmeň siaty" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jačmeň siaty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="スロバキア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%25C4%258Dmen" title="スロベニア語: Ječmen" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ječmen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhari" title="ショナ語: Bhari" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhari" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ショナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heed" title="ソマリ語: Heed" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Heed" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="ソマリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbi" title="アルバニア語: Elbi" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Elbi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="アルバニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2588%25D0%25B5%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="セルビア語: Јечам" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јечам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korn" title="スウェーデン語: Korn" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Korn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shayiri" title="スワヒリ語: Shayiri" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shayiri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="スワヒリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jynczmiy%25C5%2584" title="シレジア語: Jynczmiyń" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Jynczmiyń" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="シレジア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25B1%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258B%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2588" title="タミル語: வாற்கோதுமை" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாற்கோதுமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="タミル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B1%2581" title="テルグ語: యవలు" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యవలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="テルグ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2" title="タジク語: Ҷав" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷав" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="タジク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%2582%25E0%25B9%2589%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B9%258C" title="タイ語: ข้าวบาร์เลย์" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ข้าวบาร์เลย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="タイ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebada" title="タガログ語: Sebada" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sebada" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="タガログ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arpa" title="トルコ語: Arpa" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arpa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="タタール語: Арпа" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Арпа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="タタール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2580%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9" title="トゥヴァ語: Арбай" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Арбай" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="トゥヴァ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7" title="ウイグル語: ئارپا" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئارپا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ウイグル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D1%2587%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="ウクライナ語: Ячмінь звичайний" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ячмінь звичайний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588" title="ウルドゥー語: جو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ウルドゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arpa" title="ウズベク語: Arpa" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arpa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ウズベク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" title="ヴェネト語: Hordeum vulgare" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Hordeum vulgare" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="ヴェネト語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozr" title="ヴェプス語: Ozr" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ozr" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="ヴェプス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%2590%25E1%25BA%25A1i_m%25E1%25BA%25A1ch" title="ベトナム語: Đại mạch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại mạch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ベトナム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oidje" title="ワロン語: Oidje" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Oidje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ワロン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebeda" title="ワライ語: Sebeda" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sebeda" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ワライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%25BA%25A6" title="呉語: 大麦" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大麦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="呉語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2592%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A9%25D7%2598" title="イディッシュ語: גערשט" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גערשט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="イディッシュ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mienhhaeux" title="チワン語: Mienhhaeux" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mienhhaeux" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="チワン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%25BA%25A6" title="中国語: 大麦" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大麦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%25BA%25A5" title="漢文: 大麥" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大麥" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="漢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C5%258Da-be%25CC%258Dh" title="閩南語: Tōa-be̍h" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tōa-be̍h" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" 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