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IPUMS USA
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>IPUMS USA</title> <script> { "@context":"http://schema.org", "@type":"Organization", "name":"IPUMS USA", "url":"https://usa.ipums.org/", "logo": "https://assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-USA-dark-342x96.png" } </script> <meta name="description" content="IPUMS USA collects, preserves and harmonizes U.S. census microdata and provides easy access to this data with enhanced documentation. Data includes decennial censuses from 1790 to 2010 and American Community Surveys (ACS) from 2000 to the present." /> <meta name="keywords" content="Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, IPUMS, Minnesota Population Center, MPC, University of Minnesota, ISRDI, UMN, American Community Survey, ACS, Puerto Rican Community Survey, PRCS, Decennial Census, Census, IPUMS-USA, IPUMS USA, Population Statistics, Population" /> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="author" content="MPC UX/UI Team"> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PDMCB39');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <style> @font-face { font-family: "Cabrito Sans Subset"; } @font-face { font-family: "Cabrito Sans"; } </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//assets.ipums.org/_css/font-faces.1.2.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//assets.ipums.org/_css/prism.css" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//assets.ipums.org/_css/isrdi-common.1.6.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//assets.ipums.org/_css/base-ipums-static.1.3.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//assets.ipums.org/_css/project-usa.1.4.css" medi="all" /> <link rel="icon" href="/usa/_img/favicon-16x16.ico" sizes="16x16" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="icon" href="/usa/_img/favicon-32x32.ico" sizes="32x32" type="image/x-icon"> <!-- load jquery from a cdn --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- load page tune parameters and provide a jquery fallback --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"><\/script>'); </script> <!-- scripts to load immediately --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/ffo.2.1.0/fontfaceobserver.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/load-fonts.1.3.js"></script> <!-- defer attribute allows page to continue loading as script loads and won't run script until page is done loading --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/prism.1.0.js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/to-title-case.1.0.js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//assets.ipums.org/_js/page-tune.1.7.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PDMCB39" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <header> <nav id="user_bar"> <ul class="list-menu"> <!-- this list will stack right to left --> <li><a href="https://www.ipums.org">ipums.org</a></li> <li id="logInLink"></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="siteLogo"><a href="/usa/"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-USA.png" alt="IPUMS USA" /></a></div> <nav id="multi_project_menu"> <!-- p class="projectSubtitle">USA</p --> </nav> <nav id="topNav"> <ul class="list-menu"> <li><a href="/usa/index.shtml">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/usa-action/variables/group">Select Data</a></li> <li><a href="/usa-action/extract_requests/download">My Data</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/support.shtml">Support</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="picturebar"> <div id="pic1"></div> <div id="pic2"></div> <div id="pic3"></div> <div id="pic4"></div> <div id="pic5"></div> <div id="pic6"></div> </div> </header> <div id="content"> <nav id="sidebar-left" class="item"> <h2>Site Navigation</h2> <ul> <li> <h3>IPUMS USA</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa/about.shtml">About</a></li> <li><a href="/usa-action/menu">Register</a></li> <li><a href="https://makingagift.umn.edu/give/fund.html?id=22263" target="_blank" class="no-link-icon">Donate to IPUMS</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3>Data</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa-action/variables/group">Browse and Select Data</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/sda/">Analyze Data Online</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/abacus.shtml">IPUMS Abacus</a></li> <li><a href="/usa-action/extract_requests/download">Download or Revise My Data</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3>Supplemental Data</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa/volii/tgeotools.shtml">Geography & GIS</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/mlp/mlp.shtml">Linked Census Data: 1850-1950</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/slave/slave.shtml">Enslaved Persons: 1850-1860</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/mortality/mortality.shtml">Mortality Censuses: 1850-1880</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/1790_1840_intro2.shtml">Full Count Data: 1790-1840</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/fsrdc_info.shtml">Federal Statistical RDC</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3>Documentation</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa/doc.shtml">User Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/sampdesc.shtml">Sample Descriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/voliii/tEnumForm.shtml">Questionnaires</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/voliii/tPublished.shtml">Published Census Volumes</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/full_count.shtml">Full Count Data</a></li> <li><a href="/usa-action/revisions">Revision History</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3>Support</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa-action/faq">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/tutorials.shtml">Video Tutorials</a></li> <li><a href="https://forum.ipums.org/" target="_blank" class="no-link-icon">User Forum</a></li> <li><a href="http://variable-search.ipums.org" target="_blank" class="no-link-icon">Discover IPUMS variables</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3>Research</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/usa/cite.shtml">Citing IPUMS USA</a></li> <li><a href="http://bibliography.ipums.org" target="_blank" class="no-link-icon">IPUMS Bibliography</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="main" role="main"> <!-- BEGIN PLACING PAGE CONTENT --> <h1 id="page-title">Citation of IPUMS USA</h1> <p>The IPUMS USA terms of use stipulate that the data are appropriately cited. Publications and research reports should include the appropriate citation. The current IPUMS USA citation is as follows: </p> <cite> <strong data-citation data-citation-loading></strong> </cite> <p>Full count data for 1790-1950 should <i>also</i> be cited as follows:</p> <cite><strong>Steven Ruggles, Matt A. Nelson, Matthew Sobek, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, J. David Hacker, Evan Roberts, and J. Robert Warren. IPUMS Ancestry Full Count Data: Version 4.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18128/D014.V4.0</strong></cite> <p>For policy briefs, online resources, or articles in the popular press, we recommend that you cite the use of IPUMS USA data as follows:</p> <cite>IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.</cite> <p>Users should also acknowledge the USA source data provided by the United States Census Bureau, which are the underlying data used by IPUMS USA. </p> <p>Please see the <a href="https://www.ipums.org/projects/ipums-usa">IPUMS USA DOI version history</a> for previous versions of the data and the <a href="https://usa.ipums.org/usa-action/revisions">revision history</a> for documentation about changes to the data over time.</p> <p>The terms of use further require that data users provide us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add citations to the <a href="http://bibliography.ipums.org/">IPUMS bibliography</a>.</p> <hr> <p><b>SUPPLEMENTAL IPUMS DATASETS</b></p> <p>Citations for other IPUMS data files not obtained from the dissemination system are available via the following links:</p> <dir> <a href="/usa/mlp/mlp_census_crosswalks.shtml">1850-1940 Linked Census Data (MLP)</a> <br><a href="/usa/slavepums/documentation/cite.html">1850-1860 Slave Data</a> </dir> <p><a href="#page-title">Back to Top</a></p> <!-- END PLACING PAGE CONTENT --> </div> <section id="supported-by"> <h2>Supported By</h2> <p> <a href="http://www.nih.gov"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-NIH.png" alt="National Institutes of Health"/></a> <a href="http://www.nsf.gov"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-NSF.png" alt="National Science Foundation"/></a> <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-Ancestry.png" alt="Ancestry" class="fixed-width"/></a> <a href="http://www.stattransfer.com"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-StatTransfer.png" alt="Stat/Transfer" class="fixed-width-sm"/></a> <a href="http://www.umn.edu"><img src="//assets.ipums.org/_img/logo-UofM.png" alt="University of Minnesota"/></a> </p> </section> </div> <footer> <nav> <ul class="list-menu"> <li><a href="/usa/index.shtml">HOME</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/data.shtml">DATA</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/doc.shtml">SAMPLES</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/support.shtml">SUPPORT</a></li> <li><a href="/usa/search.shtml">SEARCH</a></li> </ul> </nav> <p>Copyright © 1993-<span id="year"></span> </footer> </body> </html>