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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Belgrade (disambiguation)">Belgrade (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style>Belgrade (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/bɛlˈɡreɪd/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">bel-GRAYD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈbɛlɡreɪd/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">BEL-grayd</a>;<a href="#cite_note-10">[a]</a> <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: Београд, Beograd, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Serbian: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">[beǒɡrad]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/fd\/Sr-beograd-native.ogg\/Sr-beograd-native.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Sr-beograd-native.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Sr-beograd-native.ogg/Sr-beograd-native.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Sr-beograd-native.ogg" title="File:Sr-beograd-native.ogg">ⓘ</a>) is the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">largest city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>. It is located at the <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">confluence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> rivers and at the crossroads of the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Basin" title="Pannonian Basin">Pannonian Plain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Peninsula">Balkan Peninsula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-2-11">[10]</a> The population of the Belgrade metropolitan area is 1,685,563 according to the 2022 census.<a href="#cite_note-statgovrs-4">[4]</a> It is one of the <a href="/wiki/Balkans#Urbanization" title="Balkans">major cities of Southeast Europe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_on_Danube_river" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns on Danube river">third most populous city on the Danube river</a>. <table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Belgrade</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="sr">Београд Beograd</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Град Београд Grad Beograd City of Belgrade</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:137px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_Belgrad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Panorama_Belgrad.jpg/248px-Panorama_Belgrad.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Panorama_Belgrad.jpg/372px-Panorama_Belgrad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Panorama_Belgrad.jpg/496px-Panorama_Belgrad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4855" data-file-height="2683"></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Panorama of Belgrade</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="height:77px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrad2006parlament.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Belgrad2006parlament.jpg/127px-Belgrad2006parlament.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Belgrad2006parlament.jpg/191px-Belgrad2006parlament.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Belgrad2006parlament.jpg/254px-Belgrad2006parlament.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1257"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_National_Assembly,_Belgrade" title="House of the National Assembly, Belgrade">House of the National Assembly</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:119px;max-width:119px"><div style="height:77px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Novi_Dvor_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG/117px-Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="117" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG/176px-Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG/234px-Novi_Dvor_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Novi_dvor" class="mw-redirect" title="Novi dvor">Novi Dvor</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:81px;max-width:81px"><div style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Avalski-toranj_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Avalski-toranj_14.jpg/79px-Avalski-toranj_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Avalski-toranj_14.jpg/119px-Avalski-toranj_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Avalski-toranj_14.jpg/158px-Avalski-toranj_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="7360"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Avala_Tower" title="Avala Tower">Avala Tower</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:84px;max-width:84px"><div style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg/82px-Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg/123px-Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg/164px-Belgrade_Waterfront_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="4800"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Tower" title="Belgrade Tower">Belgrade Tower</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:81px;max-width:81px"><div style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG/79px-Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG" decoding="async" width="79" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG/119px-Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG/158px-Zemun_Gardo%C5%A1_Tower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Gardo%C5%A1_Tower" title="Gardoš Tower">Gardoš Tower</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:87px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:KnezMihailova_ped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/KnezMihailova_ped.jpg/132px-KnezMihailova_ped.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/KnezMihailova_ped.jpg/198px-KnezMihailova_ped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/KnezMihailova_ped.jpg/264px-KnezMihailova_ped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="500"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:114px;max-width:114px"><div style="height:87px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg/112px-Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg/168px-Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg/224px-Hram_svetog_save_beograd_0005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4743" data-file-height="3735"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Sava" title="Church of Saint Sava">Church of Saint Sava</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg/129px-Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg/194px-Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg/258px-Zindan_kapija_i_most.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1653"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Belgrade Fortress</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:117px;max-width:117px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Spomenik_neznanom_junaku,_Avala,_Beograd.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG/115px-Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG" decoding="async" width="115" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG/173px-Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG/230px-Spomenik_neznanom_junaku%2C_Avala%2C_Beograd.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Unknown_Hero" title="Monument to the Unknown Hero">Monument to the Unknown Hero</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgrade,_Serbia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Belgrade"><img alt="Flag of Belgrade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg/100px-Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg/150px-Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg/200px-Flag_of_Belgrade%2C_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Belgrade" title="Flag of Belgrade">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Belgrade"><img alt="Coat of arms of Belgrade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg/84px-Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="84" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg/126px-Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg/168px-Small_Coat_of_Arms_Belgrade.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="500"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Belgrade" title="Coat of arms of Belgrade">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: Химна Београду Himna Beogradu "Anthem to Belgrade"</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgrade in Serbia"><img alt="Belgrade in Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg/250px-Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg/375px-Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg/500px-Belgrade_in_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1041"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Belgrade in Serbia</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliefkarte_Serbien.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgrade is located in Serbia"><img alt="Belgrade is located in Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/250px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/375px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/500px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png 2x" data-file-width="3741" data-file-height="5333"></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.222%;left:39.043%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Belgrade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Belgrade</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Serbia</div>Show map of Serbia</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgrade is located in Europe"><img alt="Belgrade is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/375px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351"></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.957%;left:53.392%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Belgrade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Belgrade</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Europe</div>Show map of Europe</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Belgrade&params=44_49_04_N_20_27_25_E_region:RS_type:city">44°49′04″N 20°27′25″E / 44.81778°N 20.45694°E / 44.81778; 20.45694</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900"> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Serbia" title="Administrative divisions of Serbia">City</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Belgrade</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Serbia">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Municipalities">17</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Establishment</th><td class="infobox-data">Prior to 279 B.C. (<a href="/wiki/Singidunum" title="Singidunum">Singidunum</a>)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/City_Assembly_of_Belgrade" title="City Assembly of Belgrade">City Assembly of Belgrade</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Belgrade" title="Mayor of Belgrade">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_%C5%A0api%C4%87" title="Aleksandar Šapić">Aleksandar Šapić</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Serbia" title="List of political parties in Serbia">Ruling parties</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Progressive_Party" title="Serbian Progressive Party">SNS</a>–<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Party of Serbia">SPS</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-zavod_za_statistiku_grada_beograda-3">[3]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">389.12 km2 (150.24 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,035 km2 (400 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,234.96 km2 (1,249.03 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-zavod_za_statistiku_grada_beograda-3">[3]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">117 m (384 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,197,714<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,078/km2 (7,970/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,383,875<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,337/km2 (3,460/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,685,563<a href="#cite_note-statgovrs-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">520/km2 (1,300/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Belgradian (<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">en</a>) Beograđanin (Београђанин) (m.) Beograđanka (Београђанка) (f.) (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">sr</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro</th><td class="infobox-data">$34.141 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita (nominal)</th><td class="infobox-data">$20,260 (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">11000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Serbia" title="Telephone numbers in Serbia">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+381(0)11</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">RS-00</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Serbia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Serbia">BG</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">International Airport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Nikola_Tesla_Airport" title="Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport">Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association_airport_code" class="mw-redirect" title="International Air Transport Association airport code">BEG</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs">beograd.rs</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Belgrade is one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities" title="List of oldest continuously inhabited cities">oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe</a> and the world. One of the most important prehistoric cultures of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</a>, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, <a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thraco</a>-<a href="/wiki/Dacians" title="Dacians">Dacians</a> inhabited the region and, after 279 BC, <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> settled the city, naming it <a href="/wiki/Singidunum" title="Singidunum">Singidūn</a>.<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-3-12">[11]</a> It was <a href="/wiki/Roman_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Serbia">conquered by the Romans</a> under the reign of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> and awarded Roman <a href="/wiki/Town_privileges" title="Town privileges">city rights</a> in the mid-2nd century.<a href="#cite_note-rich-1992-13">[12]</a> It was settled by the <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a> in the 520s, and changed hands several times between the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Frankish_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish Empire">Frankish Empire</a>, the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a> before it became the seat of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian_monarchs" title="List of Serbian monarchs">Serbian king</a> <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Dragutin_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Stefan Dragutin of Serbia">Stefan Dragutin</a> in 1284. Belgrade served as capital of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Lazarevi%C4%87" title="Stefan Lazarević">Stefan Lazarević</a>, and then his successor <a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura%C4%91_Brankovi%C4%87" title="Đurađ Branković">Đurađ Branković</a> returned it to the Hungarian king in 1427. Noon bells in support of the Hungarian army against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">siege in 1456</a> have remained a widespread church tradition to this day. In 1521, Belgrade was conquered by the Ottomans and became the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Smederevo" title="Sanjak of Smederevo">Sanjak of Smederevo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> It frequently passed from Ottoman to <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg</a> rule, which saw the destruction of most of the city during the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_wars" title="Ottoman–Habsburg wars">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Revolution" title="Serbian Revolution">Serbian Revolution</a>, Belgrade was once again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Northern Belgrade</a> remained the southernmost <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Habsburg</a> post until 1918, when it was attached to the city, due to former Austro-Hungarian territories becoming part of the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbs,_Croats_and_Slovenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes">Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes</a> after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Belgrade was the capital of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> from its <a href="/wiki/Creation_of_Yugoslavia" title="Creation of Yugoslavia">creation</a> to its dissolution.<a href="#cite_note-15">[note 1]</a> In a fatally strategic position, the city has been battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times, being bombed five times and besieged many times.<a href="#cite_note-nurden-2009-16">[14]</a> Being Serbia's <a href="/wiki/Primate_city" title="Primate city">primate city</a>, Belgrade has special <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Serbia" title="Administrative divisions of Serbia">administrative status</a> within Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-17">[15]</a> It is the seat of the central government, administrative bodies, and government ministries, as well as home to almost all of the largest Serbian companies, media, and scientific institutions. Belgrade is classified as a Beta-<a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">Global City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a> The city is home to the <a href="/wiki/Clinical_Centre_of_Serbia" title="Clinical Centre of Serbia">University Clinical Centre of Serbia</a>, a hospital complex with one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_by_capacity" class="mw-redirect" title="List of hospitals by capacity">largest capacities in the world</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Sava" title="Church of Saint Sava">Church of Saint Sava</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_Eastern_Orthodox_church_buildings" title="List of largest Eastern Orthodox church buildings">largest Orthodox church buildings</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Arena" title="Belgrade Arena">Belgrade Arena</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_indoor_arenas_in_Europe" title="List of indoor arenas in Europe">largest capacity indoor arenas in Europe</a>. Belgrade hosted major international events such as the <a href="/wiki/Danube_River_Conference_of_1948" title="Danube River Conference of 1948">Danube River Conference of 1948</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement_Summit" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Aligned Movement Summit">Non-Aligned Movement Summit</a> (1961), the first major gathering of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">OSCE</a> (1977–1978), the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2008">2008</a>), as well as sports events such as the first <a href="/wiki/FINA_World_Aquatics_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="FINA World Aquatics Championships">FINA World Aquatics Championships</a> (<a href="/wiki/1973_World_Aquatics_Championships" title="1973 World Aquatics Championships">1973</a>), <a href="/wiki/UEFA_European_Championship" title="UEFA European Championship">UEFA Euro</a> (<a href="/wiki/UEFA_Euro_1976" title="UEFA Euro 1976">1976</a>), <a href="/wiki/Universiade" class="mw-redirect" title="Universiade">Summer Universiade</a> (<a href="/wiki/2009_Summer_Universiade" title="2009 Summer Universiade">2009</a>) and <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket" title="EuroBasket">EuroBasket</a> three times (<a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1961" title="EuroBasket 1961">1961</a>, <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1975" title="EuroBasket 1975">1975</a>, <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_2005" title="EuroBasket 2005">2005</a>). On 21 June 2023, Belgrade was confirmed host of the BIE- Specialized Exhibition <a href="/wiki/Expo_2027" title="Expo 2027">Expo 2027</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[17]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Prehistory">1.1 Prehistory</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Antiquity">1.2 Antiquity</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Middle_Ages">1.3 Middle Ages</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Ottoman_rule_and_Austrian_invasions">1.4 Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Principality_and_Kingdom_of_Serbia">1.5 Principality and Kingdom of Serbia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#World_War_I:_Austro%E2%80%93German_invasion">1.6 World War I: Austro–German invasion</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia">1.7 Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#World_War_II:_German_invasion">1.8 World War II: German invasion</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Socialist_Yugoslavia">1.9 Socialist Yugoslavia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Breakup_of_Yugoslavia">1.10 Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Development">1.11 Development</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Geography">2 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Topography">2.1 Topography</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Climate">2.2 Climate</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Administration">3 Administration</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Municipalities">3.1 Municipalities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Demographics">4 Demographics</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Economy">5 Economy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Culture">6 Culture</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Museums">6.1 Museums</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Architecture">6.2 Architecture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Tourism">6.3 Tourism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Nightlife">6.4 Nightlife</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Sport_and_recreation">6.5 Sport and recreation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Fashion_and_design">6.6 Fashion and design</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Media">7 Media</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#Education">8 Education</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#Transportation">9 Transportation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="#International_relations">10 International relations</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#Twin_towns_%E2%80%93_sister_cities">10.1 Twin towns – sister cities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="#Partner_cities">10.2 Partner cities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="#See_also">11 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="#Notes">12 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="#References">13 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#Sources">14 Sources</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37"><a href="#External_links">15 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Belgrade" title="History of Belgrade">History of Belgrade</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Belgrade" title="Timeline of Belgrade">Timeline of Belgrade</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prehistory" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_sites_in_Serbia" title="Prehistoric sites in Serbia">Prehistoric sites in Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistory of Southeastern Europe">Prehistory of Southeastern Europe</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg/150px-Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="240" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="3456"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 240px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg/150px-Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg" data-width="150" data-height="240" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg/225px-Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg/300px-Vinca_clay_figure_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</a> figurine, 4000–4500 BC.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Lithic_reduction" title="Lithic reduction">Chipped stone tools</a> found in <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a> show that the area around Belgrade was inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">nomadic foragers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeolithic">Palaeolithic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a> eras. Some of these tools are of <a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian industry</a>—belonging to <a href="/wiki/Neanderthals" class="mw-redirect" title="Neanderthals">Neanderthals</a> rather than modern humans. <a href="/wiki/Aurignacian" title="Aurignacian">Aurignacian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gravettian" title="Gravettian">Gravettian</a> tools have also been discovered near the area, indicating some settlement between 50,000 and 20,000 years ago.<a href="#cite_note-20">[18]</a> The first farming people to settle in the region are associated with the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Star%C4%8Devo_culture" title="Starčevo culture">Starčevo culture</a>, which flourished between 6200 and 5200 BC.<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a> There are several Starčevo sites in and around Belgrade, including the eponymous site of <a href="/wiki/Star%C4%8Devo" title="Starčevo">Starčevo</a>. The Starčevo culture was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</a> (5500–4500 BC), a more sophisticated farming culture that grew out of the earlier Starčevo settlements and also named for a site in the Belgrade region (<a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da-Belo_Brdo" title="Vinča-Belo Brdo">Vinča-Belo Brdo</a>). The Vinča culture is known for its very large settlements, one of the earliest <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_by_time_of_continuous_habitation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities by time of continuous habitation">settlements by continuous habitation</a> and some of the largest in prehistoric Europe.<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> Also associated with the Vinča culture are anthropomorphic figurines such as the <a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Vin%C4%8Da" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady of Vinča">Lady of Vinča</a>, the earliest known <a href="/wiki/Copper_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Copper Age">copper metallurgy</a> in Europe,<a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Proto-writing" title="Proto-writing">proto-writing</a> form developed prior to the <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumerians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minoans" class="mw-redirect" title="Minoans">Minoans</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Old_European_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Old European script">Old European script</a>, which dates back to around 5300 BC.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> Within the city proper, on Cetinjska Street, a skull of a Paleolithic human dated to before 5000 BC was discovered in 1890.<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Antiquity" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Serbia_in_the_Roman_era" title="Serbia in the Roman era">Serbia in the Roman era</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guardian_of_the_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Guardian_of_the_city.jpg/290px-Guardian_of_the_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="9241" data-file-height="6161"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 290px;height: 193px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Guardian_of_the_city.jpg/290px-Guardian_of_the_city.jpg" data-width="290" data-height="193" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Guardian_of_the_city.jpg/435px-Guardian_of_the_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Guardian_of_the_city.jpg/580px-Guardian_of_the_city.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Belgrade Fortress</a>, built during a long period of time from the 2nd to the 18th century, located on the confluence of the two rivers Sava and <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a></figcaption></figure> Evidence of early knowledge about Belgrade's geographical location comes from a variety of ancient myths and legends. The ridge overlooking the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> rivers, for example, has been identified as one of the places in the story of <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> In the time of antiquity, too, the area was populated by <a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistory of Southeastern Europe">Paleo-Balkan tribes</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracians</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dacians" title="Dacians">Dacians</a>, who ruled much of Belgrade's surroundings.<a href="#cite_note-28">[26]</a> Specifically, Belgrade was at one point inhabited by the Thraco-Dacian tribe Singi;<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-3-12">[11]</a> following <a href="/wiki/Gallic_invasion_of_Balkans" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallic invasion of Balkans">Celtic invasion</a> in 279 BC, the <a href="/wiki/Scordisci" title="Scordisci">Scordisci</a> wrested the city from their hands, naming it Singidūn (d|ūn, fortress).<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-3-12">[11]</a> In 34–33 BC, the Roman army reached Belgrade. It became the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">romanised</a> <a href="/wiki/Singidunum" title="Singidunum">Singidunum</a> in the 1st century AD and, by the mid-2nd century, the city was proclaimed a <a href="/wiki/Municipium" title="Municipium">municipium</a> by the Roman authorities, evolving into a full-fledged <a href="/wiki/Colonia_(Roman)" title="Colonia (Roman)">colonia</a> (the highest city class) by the end of the century.<a href="#cite_note-rich-1992-13">[12]</a> While the first Christian <a href="/wiki/Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Emperor">Emperor of Rome</a>—<a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a>, also known as <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a>—was born in the territory of <a href="/wiki/Naissus" class="mw-redirect" title="Naissus">Naissus</a> to the city's south, Roman Christianity's champion, Flavius Iovianus (Jovian/Jovan), was born in Singidunum.<a href="#cite_note-30">[28]</a> Jovian reestablished Christianity as the official religion of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, ending the brief revival of <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">traditional Roman religions</a> under his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Julian_the_Apostate" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian the Apostate">Julian the Apostate</a>. In 395 AD, the site passed to the Eastern Roman or <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a> Across the Sava from Singidunum was the Celtic city of <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Taurunum (Zemun)</a>; the two were connected with a bridge throughout Roman and Byzantine times.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Ages" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Serbia_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Serbia in the Middle Ages">Serbia in the Middle Ages</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg/220px-Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="440"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 132px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg/220px-Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="132" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg/330px-Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg/440px-Bellgrad-Weissenburg_1400.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade 1400, before ottoman occupation.</figcaption></figure> In 442, the area was ravaged by <a href="/wiki/Attila_the_Hun" class="mw-redirect" title="Attila the Hun">Attila the Hun</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> In 471, it was taken by <a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Theodoric the Great</a>, king of the Ostrogoths, who continued into Italy.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> As the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a> left, another Germanic tribe, the <a href="/wiki/Gepids" title="Gepids">Gepids</a>, invaded the city. In 539, it was retaken by the Byzantines.<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a> In 577, some 100,000 Slavs poured into <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Illyricum_(Roman_province)" title="Illyricum (Roman province)">Illyricum</a>, pillaging cities and more permanently settling the region. <a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Avars_(Carpathians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avars (Carpathians)">Avars</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Bayan_I" title="Bayan I">Bayan I</a>, conquered the whole region and its new Slavic population by 582.<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a> Following Byzantine reconquest, the Byzantine chronicle <a href="/wiki/De_Administrando_Imperio" title="De Administrando Imperio">De Administrando Imperio</a> mentions the <a href="/wiki/White_Serbs" class="mw-redirect" title="White Serbs">White Serbs</a>, who had stopped in Belgrade on their way back home, asking the <a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">strategos</a> for lands; they received provinces in the west, towards the Adriatic, which they would rule as subjects to <a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> (610–641).<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> In 829, <a href="/wiki/Khan_Omurtag" class="mw-redirect" title="Khan Omurtag">Khan Omurtag</a> was able to add Singidunum and its environs to the First Bulgarian Empire.<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> The first record of the name Belograd appeared on April, 16th, 878, in a Papal missive<a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a> to <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian ruler</a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris I">Boris I</a>. This name would appear in several variants: Alba Bulgarica in Latin, Griechisch Weissenburg in High German, Nándorfehérvár in Hungarian, and Castelbianco in Venetian, among other names, all variations of 'white fortress' or '<a href="/wiki/Danube_Bulgar_Khanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Danube Bulgar Khanate">Bulgar</a> white fortress'. For about four centuries, the city would become a battleground between the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, the medieval <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</a> (976–1025) installed a garrison in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> The city hosted the armies of the <a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Crusade" title="Second Crusade">Second Crusade</a>,<a href="#cite_note-beligradcom-1934-44">[42]</a> but, while passing through during the <a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick Barbarossa</a> and his 190,000 <a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">crusaders</a> saw Belgrade in ruins.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg/200px-Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="579"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg/200px-Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg/300px-Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg/400px-Panorama_i_ratna_scena_zauzimanja_Beograda_1521._god.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1521)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1521)">Conquest of Belgrade, 1521</a>, Sultan <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> laid siege to the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Belgrade Fortress</a></figcaption></figure> King <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Dragutin_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Stefan Dragutin of Serbia">Stefan Dragutin</a> (r. 1276–1282) received Belgrade from his father-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_V_of_Hungary" title="Stephen V of Hungary">Stephen V of Hungary</a>, in 1284, and it served as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Syrmia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Syrmia">Kingdom of Syrmia</a>, a vassal state to the Kingdom of Hungary. Dragutin (Hungarian: Dragutin István) is regarded as the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian_monarchs" title="List of Serbian monarchs">Serbian king</a> to rule over Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-4-46">[44]</a> Following the battles of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maritsa" title="Battle of Maritsa">Maritsa (1371)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Kosovo field (1389)</a>, Moravian Serbia, to Belgrade's south, began to fall to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> The northern regions of what is now Serbia persisted as the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a>, with Belgrade as its capital. The city flourished under <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Lazarevi%C4%87" title="Stefan Lazarević">Stefan Lazarević</a>, the son of Serbian prince <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Hrebeljanovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Lazar Hrebeljanović">Lazar Hrebeljanović</a>. Lazarević built a castle with a citadel and towers, of which only the <a href="/wiki/Despot_Stefan_Tower" title="Despot Stefan Tower">Despot's tower</a> and the west wall remain. He also refortified the city's ancient walls, allowing the Despotate to resist Ottoman conquest for almost 70 years. During this time, Belgrade was a haven for many Balkan peoples fleeing Ottoman rule, and is thought to have had a population ranging between 40,000 and 50,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-4-46">[44]</a> In 1427, Stefan's successor <a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura%C4%91_Brankovi%C4%87" title="Đurađ Branković">Đurađ Branković</a>, returning Belgrade to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungarian king</a>, made <a href="/wiki/Smederevo_fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Smederevo fortress">Smederevo</a> his new capital. Even though the Ottomans had captured most of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a>, Belgrade, known as Nándorfehérvár in Hungarian, was <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1440)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1440)">unsuccessfully besieged in 1440</a><a href="#cite_note-beligradcom-1934-44">[42]</a> and 1456.<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> As the city presented an obstacle to the Ottoman advance into Hungary and further, over 100,000 Ottoman soldiers<a href="#cite_note-belgradenetcom-50">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">besieged it in 1456</a>, in which the Christian army led by the Hungarian General <a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi</a> successfully defended it.<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Noon_bell" class="mw-redirect" title="Noon bell">noon bell</a> ordered by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_III" title="Pope Callixtus III">Pope Callixtus III</a> commemorates the victory throughout the Christian world to this day, which is now a cultural symbol of <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-beligradcom-1934-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_rule_and_Austrian_invasions">Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ottoman_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ottoman Serbia">History of Ottoman Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_wars" title="Ottoman–Habsburg wars">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_1684.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Belgrade_1684.jpg/350px-Belgrade_1684.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="305"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 192px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Belgrade_1684.jpg/350px-Belgrade_1684.jpg" data-width="350" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Belgrade_1684.jpg/525px-Belgrade_1684.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Belgrade_1684.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade in 1684</figcaption></figure> Seven decades after the initial siege, on 28 August 1521, the fort was finally captured by <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> with 250,000 Turkish soldiers and over 100 ships. Subsequently, most of the city was razed to the ground and its entire Orthodox Christian population was deported to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a><a href="#cite_note-beligradcom-1934-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> to an area that has since become known as the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade forest">Belgrade forest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> Belgrade was made the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Pashalik_of_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashalik of Belgrade">Pashalik of Belgrade</a> (also known as the Sanjak of Smederevo), and quickly became the second largest Ottoman town in Europe at over 100,000 people, surpassed only by <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>.<a href="#cite_note-belgradenetcom-50">[48]</a> Ottoman rule introduced <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman architecture</a>, including numerous mosques, and the city was resurrected—now by <a href="/wiki/Oriental" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental">Oriental</a> influences.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-3-55">[53]</a> In 1594, a major <a href="/wiki/Banat_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Banat Uprising">Serb rebellion</a> was crushed by the Ottomans. In retribution, <a href="/wiki/Grand_vizier" title="Grand vizier">Grand Vizier</a> <a href="/wiki/Sinan_Pasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinan Pasha">Sinan Pasha</a> ordered the <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Sava" title="Saint Sava">Saint Sava</a> to be publicly torched on the <a href="/wiki/Vra%C4%8Dar_plateau" title="Vračar plateau">Vračar plateau</a>; in the 20th century, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Sava" title="Church of Saint Sava">church of Saint Sava</a> was built to commemorate this event.<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a> Occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburgs</a> three times (<a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1688)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1688)">1688–1690</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(1718%E2%80%9339)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)">1717–1739</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1789)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1789)">1789–1791</a>), headed by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Princes</a> <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria">Maximilian of Bavaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy" title="Prince Eugene of Savoy">Eugene of Savoy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">field marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Baron_Ernst_Gideon_von_Laudon" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon">Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon</a>, respectively, Belgrade was quickly recaptured by the Ottomans and substantially razed each time.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-3-55">[53]</a> During this period, the city was affected by the two <a href="/wiki/Great_Serbian_Migrations" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Serbian Migrations">Great Serbian Migrations</a>, in which hundreds of thousands of Serbs, led by two <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Patriarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Patriarchs">Serbian Patriarchs</a>, retreated together with the Austrian soldiers into the Habsburg Empire, settling in today's <a href="/wiki/Vojvodina" title="Vojvodina">Vojvodina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principality_and_Kingdom_of_Serbia">Principality and Kingdom of Serbia</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Principality and Kingdom of Serbia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Principality of Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Kingdom of Serbia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3301" data-file-height="2451"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 163px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="163" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg/330px-Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg/440px-Belgrade_Cathedral_%26_Landing_Place_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>View of Belgrade in 1890</figcaption></figure> At the beginning of the 19th century, Belgrade was predominantly inhabited by a Muslim population. Traces of Ottoman rule and architecture—such as mosques and <a href="/wiki/Bazaar" title="Bazaar">bazaars</a>, were to remain a prominent part of Belgrade's townscape into the 19th century; several decades, even, after Serbia was granted autonomy from the Ottoman Empire.<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a>, Serbian revolutionaries held the city from 8 January 1807 until 1813, when it was retaken by the Ottomans.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-2-60">[58]</a> In 1807, Turks in Belgrade were massacred and forcefully converted to Christianity. The massacre was encouraged by Russia in order to cement divisions between the Serb rebels and the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Porte">Porte</a>. Around 6,000 Muslims and Jews were forcibly converted to Christianity. Most mosques were converted into churches. Muslims, Jews, Aromanians and Greeks were subjected to forced labour, and Muslim women were widely made available to young Serb men, and some were taken into slavery. <a href="/wiki/Milenko_Stojkovi%C4%87" title="Milenko Stojković">Milenko Stojković</a> bought many of them, and established his harem for which he gained fame. In this circumstances Belgrade demographically transformed from Ottoman to Serb.<a href="#cite_note-AMH-61">[59]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a> in 1815, Serbia achieved some sort of sovereignty, which was formally recognised by the Porte in 1830.<a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a> The development of Belgrade architecture after 1815 can be divided into four periods. In the first phase, which lasted from 1815 to 1835, the dominant architectural style was still of a Balkan character, with substantial Ottoman influence. At the same time, an interest in joining the European mainstream allowed Central and Western European architecture to flourish. Between 1835 and 1850, the amount of <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neoclassicist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">baroque</a> buildings south of the Austrian border rose considerably, exemplified by <a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Cathedral,_Belgrade" title="St. Michael's Cathedral, Belgrade">St Michael's Cathedral</a> (Serbian: Saborna crkva), completed in 1840. Between 1850 and 1875, new architecture was characterised by a turn towards the newly popular <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a>, along with older European architectural styles. Typical of Central European cities in the last quarter of the 19th century, the fourth phase was characterised by an <a href="/wiki/Eclecticism" title="Eclecticism">eclecticist</a> style based on the Renaissance and Baroque periods.<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a> In 1841, Prince <a href="/wiki/Mihailo_Obrenovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Mihailo Obrenović">Mihailo Obrenović</a> moved the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Principality of Serbia</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kragujevac" title="Kragujevac">Kragujevac</a> to Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> During his first reign (1815–1839), Prince Miloš Obrenović pursued expansion of the city's population through the addition of new settlements, aiming and succeeding to make Belgrade the centre of the Principality's administrative, military and cultural institutions. His project of creating a new market space (the Abadžijska čaršija), however, was less successful; trade continued to be conducted in the centuries-old Donja čaršija and Gornja čaršija. Still, new construction projects were typical for the Christian quarters as the older Muslim quarters declined; from Serbia's autonomy until 1863, the number of Belgrade quarters even decreased, mainly as a consequence of the gradual <a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Muslims_from_Serbia_(1862)" title="Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)">disappearance of the city's Muslim population</a>. An Ottoman city map from 1863 counts only 9 Muslim quarters (mahalas). The names of only five such neighbourhoods are known today: Ali-pašina, Reis-efendijina, Jahja-pašina, Bajram-begova, and Laz Hadži-Mahmudova.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukur_Fountain_incident" title="Čukur Fountain incident">Čukur Fountain incident</a>, Belgrade was bombed by the Ottomans.<a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912,_SFA022816172.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg/220px-De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3545" data-file-height="2753"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 171px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg/220px-De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="171" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg/330px-De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg/440px-De_Eerste_Balkanoorlog_1912%2C_SFA022816172.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade 1912</figcaption></figure> On 18 April 1867, the Ottoman government ordered the Ottoman garrison, which had been since 1826 the last representation of Ottoman suzerainty in Serbia, withdrawn from <a href="/wiki/Kalemegdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalemegdan">Kalemegdan</a>. The forlorn Porte's only stipulation was that the Ottoman flag continue to fly over the fortress alongside the Serbian one. Serbia's de facto independence dates from this event.<a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a> In the following years, urban planner Emilijan Josimović had a significant influence on Belgrade. He conceptualised a regulation plan for the city in 1867, in which he proposed the replacement of the town's crooked streets with a <a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">grid plan</a>. Of great importance also was the construction of independent Serbian political and cultural institutions, as well as the city's now-plentiful parks. Pointing to Josimović's work, Serbian scholars have noted an important break with Ottoman traditions. However, Istanbul—the capital city of the state to which Belgrade and Serbia de jure still belonged—underwent similar changes.<a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> In May 1868, knez Mihailo was assassinated with his cousin <a href="/wiki/Anka_Konstantinovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Anka Konstantinović">Anka Konstantinović</a> while riding in a carriage in his country residence.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> With the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Principality</a>'s full independence in 1878 and its transformation into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Kingdom of Serbia</a> in 1882, Belgrade once again became a key city in the Balkans, and developed rapidly.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-2-60">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-71">[69]</a> Nevertheless, conditions in Serbia remained those of an overwhelmingly agrarian country, even with the opening of a railway to <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a>, Serbia's second city. In 1900, the capital had only 70,000 inhabitants<a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a> (at the time Serbia numbered 2.5 million). Still, by 1905, the population had grown to more than 80,000 and, by the outbreak of World War I in 1914, it had surpassed the 100,000 citizens, disregarding <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>, which still belonged to <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> The first-ever projection of motion pictures in the Balkans and Central Europe was held in Belgrade in June 1896 by André Carr, a representative of the <a href="/wiki/Auguste_and_Louis_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Auguste and Louis Lumière">Lumière brothers</a>. He shot the first motion pictures of Belgrade in the next year; however, they have not been preserved.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> The first permanent cinema was opened in 1909 in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I:_Austro–German_invasion">World War I: Austro–German invasion</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War I: Austro–German invasion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg/900px-Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4444" data-file-height="737"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 900px;height: 149px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg/900px-Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg" data-width="900" data-height="149" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg/1350px-Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg/1800px-Bg-7_Panorama_s_Top%C4%8Diderskog_brda_1920.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade seen from <a href="/wiki/Top%C4%8Dider" title="Topčider">Topčider</a> hill in 1920.</figcaption></figure> The First World War began on 28 July 1914 when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Most of the subsequent Balkan offensives occurred near Belgrade. <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austro-Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Monitor_(warship)" title="Monitor (warship)">monitors</a> shelled Belgrade on 29 July 1914, and it was taken by the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Austro-Hungarian Army">Austro-Hungarian Army</a> under General <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Potiorek" title="Oskar Potiorek">Oskar Potiorek</a> on 30 November. On 15 December, it was re-taken by <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Campaign (World War I)">Serbian troops</a> under Marshal <a href="/wiki/Radomir_Putnik" title="Radomir Putnik">Radomir Putnik</a>. After a prolonged battle which destroyed much of the city, starting on 6 October 1915, Belgrade fell to <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(German_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (German Empire)">German</a> and Austro-Hungarian troops commanded by Field Marshal <a href="/wiki/August_von_Mackensen" title="August von Mackensen">August von Mackensen</a> on 9 October of the same year. The city was liberated by Serbian and <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French troops</a> on 1 November 1918, under the command of Marshal <a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esp%C3%A8rey" title="Louis Franchet d'Espèrey">Louis Franchet d'Espèrey</a> of France and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Yugoslavia" title="Alexander I of Yugoslavia">Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia</a>. Belgrade, devastated as a front-line city, lost the title of largest city in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a> to <a href="/wiki/Subotica" title="Subotica">Subotica</a> for some time.<a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Kingdom of Yugoslavia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> After the war, Belgrade became the capital of the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, renamed the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a> in 1929. The Kingdom was split into <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Subdivisions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">banovinas</a> and Belgrade, together with <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pan%C4%8Devo" title="Pančevo">Pančevo</a>, formed a separate administrative unit.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> During this period, the city experienced fast growth and significant modernisation. Belgrade's population grew to 239,000 by 1931 (with the inclusion of Zemun), and to 320,000 by 1940. The population growth rate between 1921 and 1948 averaged 4.08% a year.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> In 1927, Belgrade's first airport opened, and in 1929, its first radio station began broadcasting. The <a href="/wiki/Pan%C4%8Devo_Bridge" title="Pančevo Bridge">Pančevo Bridge</a>, which crosses the Danube, was opened in 1935,<a href="#cite_note-79">[77]</a> while <a href="/wiki/King_Alexander_Bridge" title="King Alexander Bridge">King Alexander Bridge</a> over the Sava was opened in 1934. On 3 September 1939 the first <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Grand_Prix" title="Belgrade Grand Prix">Belgrade Grand Prix</a>, the last <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motor_racing" title="Grand Prix motor racing">Grand Prix motor racing</a> race before the outbreak of World War II, was held around the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Belgrade Fortress</a> and was followed by 80,000 spectators.<a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> The winner was <a href="/wiki/Tazio_Nuvolari" title="Tazio Nuvolari">Tazio Nuvolari</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II:_German_invasion">World War II: German invasion</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: World War II: German invasion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg/220px-Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="751"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 163px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg/220px-Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="163" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg/330px-Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg/440px-Demonstracije_u_Beogradu_27._marta_1941.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>People of Belgrade demonstrate their support for break-up with the <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a> on 27 March 1941</figcaption></figure> On 25 March 1941, the government of <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Prince_Paul_of_Yugoslavia" title="Prince Paul of Yugoslavia">Crown Prince Paul</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a>, joining the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis powers of World War II">Axis powers</a> in an effort to stay out of the Second World War and keep Yugoslavia neutral during the conflict. This was immediately followed by mass protests in Belgrade and a military <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> led by Air Force commander General <a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_Simovi%C4%87" title="Dušan Simović">Dušan Simović</a>, who proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Peter_II_of_Yugoslavia" title="Peter II of Yugoslavia">King Peter II</a> to be of age to rule the realm. As a result, the city was <a href="/wiki/Operation_Retribution_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Retribution (1941)">heavily bombed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> on 6 April 1941, killing up to 2,274 people.<a href="#cite_note-82">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a> Yugoslavia was then <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">invaded</a> by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary_between_the_two_world_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungary between the two world wars">Hungarian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgarian</a> forces. Belgrade was captured by subterfuge, with six German soldiers led by their officer <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Klingenberg" title="Fritz Klingenberg">Fritz Klingenberg</a> feigning threatening size, forcing the city to capitulate.<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg/220px-Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1945" data-file-height="1325"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg/220px-Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg/330px-Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg/440px-Bombing_of_Belgrade_1941.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Ruins in Belgrade after <a href="/wiki/Operation_Retribution_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Retribution (1941)">German bombing of 1941</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a> Belgrade was more directly occupied by the <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)">German Army</a> in the same month and became the seat of the puppet <a href="/wiki/Nedi%C4%87_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Nedić regime">Nedić regime</a>, headed by its namesake general.<a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a> Some of today's parts of Belgrade were incorporated in the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a> in occupied Yugoslavia, another puppet state, where <a href="/wiki/Ustashe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ustashe">Ustashe</a> regime carried out the <a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia">Genocide of Serbs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a> During the summer and autumn of 1941, in reprisal for guerrilla attacks, the Germans carried out several massacres of Belgrade citizens; in particular, members of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Serbia" title="History of the Jews in Serbia">Jewish community</a> were subject to mass shootings at the order of General <a href="/wiki/Franz_B%C3%B6hme" title="Franz Böhme">Franz Böhme</a>, the German <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_the_Military_Commander_in_Serbia" title="Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia">Military Governor of Serbia</a>. Böhme rigorously enforced the rule that for every German killed, 100 Serbs or Jews would be shot.<a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a> Belgrade became the first city in Europe to be declared by the Nazi occupation forces to be <a href="/wiki/Judenfrei" title="Judenfrei">judenfrei</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a> The resistance movement in Belgrade was led by Major <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDarko_Todorovi%C4%87" title="Žarko Todorović">Žarko Todorović</a> from 1941 until his arrest in 1943.<a href="#cite_note-90">[88]</a> Just like <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a>, which was devastated twice by both German and Allied bombing, <a href="/wiki/Allied_bombing_of_Yugoslavia_in_World_War_II#1944_Easter_bombing" title="Allied bombing of Yugoslavia in World War II">Belgrade was bombed</a> once more during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, this time by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> on 16 April 1944, killing at least 1,100 people. This bombing fell on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Easter" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Easter">Easter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a> Most of the city remained under German occupation until 20 October 1944, when it was liberated by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> and the Communist <a href="/wiki/Partisans_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisans (Yugoslavia)">Yugoslav Partisans</a>. On 29 November 1945, Marshal <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> proclaimed the <a href="/wiki/Federal_People%27s_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia</a> in Belgrade (later renamed to <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> on 7 April 1963).<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Socialist_Yugoslavia">Socialist Yugoslavia</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Socialist Yugoslavia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg/220px-Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="658"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 141px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg/220px-Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="141" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg/330px-Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg/440px-Konferencija_Pokreta_nesvrstanih_1961._godine.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The First <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a> Summit Conference took place in Belgrade, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> in September 1961</figcaption></figure> When the war ended, the city was left with 11,500 demolished housing units.<a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> During the post-war period, Belgrade grew rapidly as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">renewed Yugoslavia</a>, developing as a major industrial centre.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-71">[69]</a> In 1948, construction of <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a> started. In 1958, Belgrade's first television station began broadcasting. In 1961, Belgrade hosted the first and founding conference of the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a> under Tito's chairmanship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorris2008134-94">[92]</a> In 1962, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Nikola_Tesla_Airport" title="Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport">Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport</a> was built. In 1968, <a href="/wiki/1968_student_demonstrations_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="1968 student demonstrations in Belgrade">major student protests</a> led to several street clashes between students and the police.<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> In 1972, Belgrade faced a <a href="/wiki/1972_Yugoslav_smallpox_outbreak" title="1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak">smallpox outbreak</a>, the last major outbreak of <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> since World War II.<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> Between October 1977 and March 1978, the city hosted the first major gathering of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> with the aim of implementing the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a> from, while in 1980 Belgrade hosted the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_General_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO General Conference">UNESCO General Conference</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[95]</a> Josip Broz Tito died in May 1980 and his <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito">funeral</a> in Belgrade was attended by high officials and state delegations from 128 of the 154 <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">members of the United Nations</a> from all over the world, based on which it became one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_funerals" title="List of largest funerals">largest funerals in history</a>.<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breakup_of_Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Breakup of Yugoslavia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_(43221947840).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg/220px-Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg/220px-Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg/330px-Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg/440px-Beograd_-_Zgrade_General%C5%A1taba_Vojske_Srbije_i_Crne_Gore_i_Ministarstva_odbrane_%2843221947840%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Former <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Ministry_of_Defence_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Ministry of Defence building">Ministry of Defence building</a> damaged in the <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">1999 NATO bombing</a></figcaption></figure> On 9 March 1991, <a href="/wiki/March_9,_1991_protest" class="mw-redirect" title="March 9, 1991 protest">massive demonstrations</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Vuk Drašković">Vuk Drašković</a> were held in the city against <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[97]</a> According to various media outlets, there were between 100,000 and 150,000 people on the streets.<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a> Two people were killed, 203 were injured and 108 were arrested during the protests, and later that day tanks were deployed onto the streets to restore order.<a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_anti-war_protests_in_Belgrade" title="1991–1992 anti-war protests in Belgrade">anti-war protests</a> were held in Belgrade, with the largest protests being dedicated to solidarity with the victims from the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">besieged Sarajevo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/1996%E2%80%931997_protests_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="1996–1997 protests in Serbia">Further anti-government protests</a> were held in Belgrade from November 1996 to February 1997 against the same government after alleged electoral fraud in local elections.<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> These protests brought <a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C4%90in%C4%91i%C4%87" title="Zoran Đinđić">Zoran Đinđić</a> to power, the first <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Belgrade" title="Mayor of Belgrade">mayor of Belgrade</a> since World War II who did not belong to the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> or its later offshoot, the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Party of Serbia">Socialist Party of Serbia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[103]</a> In 1999, during the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing</a> campaign targeted a number a buildings in Belgrade. Among the sites bombed were some ministry buildings, the <a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_of_Serbia" title="Radio Television of Serbia">RTS</a> building, hospitals, <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Jugoslavija" title="Hotel Jugoslavija">Hotel Jugoslavija</a>, the <a href="/wiki/U%C5%A1%C4%87e_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Ušće Tower">Central Committee building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avala_Tower" title="Avala Tower">Avala Tower</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/NATO_Bombing_of_the_Chinese_embassy_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO Bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade">Chinese embassy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[104]</a> Between 500<a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a> and 2,000 civilians<a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a> were killed in Serbia and Montenegro as a result of the NATO bombings, of which 47 were killed in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a>, Serbia became home to the highest number of <a href="/wiki/Refugee" title="Refugee">refugees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_person" title="Internally displaced person">internally displaced persons</a> in Europe, with more than a third of these refugees having settled in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/2000_Yugoslavian_general_election" title="2000 Yugoslavian general election">2000 presidential elections</a>, Belgrade was the site of major public protests, with over half a million people taking part. These demonstrations resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">ousting of president Milošević</a> as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Otpor" title="Otpor">Otpor</a> movement.<a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Development" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg/900px-Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="279" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10000" data-file-height="3100"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 900px;height: 279px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg/900px-Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg" data-width="900" data-height="279" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg/1350px-Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg/1800px-Belgrade_Waterfront_12.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade Waterfront (Beograd na Vodi)</figcaption></figure> In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Waterfront" title="Belgrade Waterfront">Belgrade Waterfront</a>, an urban renewal project, was initiated by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Serbia" title="Government of Serbia">Government of Serbia</a> and its <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirati" class="mw-redirect" title="United Arab Emirati">Emirati</a> partner, <a href="/wiki/Eagle_Hills_Properties" title="Eagle Hills Properties">Eagle Hills Properties</a>. Around €3.5 billion was to be jointly invested by the Serbian government and their Emirati partners.<a href="#cite_note-116">[114]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] The project includes office and luxury apartment buildings, five-star hotels, a shopping mall and the envisioned '<a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Tower" title="Belgrade Tower">Belgrade Tower</a>'. The project is, however, quite controversial—there are a number of uncertainties regarding its funding, necessity, and its architecture's arguable lack of harmony with the rest of the city.<a href="#cite_note-117">[115]</a> In addition to <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Waterfront" title="Belgrade Waterfront">Belgrade Waterfront</a>, the city is under rapid development and reconstruction, especially in the area of <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">Novi Beograd</a>, where (as of 2020) apartment and office buildings were under construction to support the burgeoning <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_IT_sector" title="Belgrade IT sector">Belgrade IT sector</a>, now one of Serbia's largest economic players. In September 2020, there were around 2000 active construction sites in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a> The city budget for 2023 stood at 205,5 billion dinars (1.750 billion Euros).<a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> The budget for the city of Belgrade has been estimated to be more than 2 billion Euros for 2024. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Topography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="5760"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 158px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="158" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a> (river on the right side) into the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> at Belgrade with view on <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Kalemegdan Fortress</a> (up-right)</figcaption></figure> Belgrade lies 116.75 m (383.0 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> and is located at the <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">confluence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a> rivers.<a href="#cite_note-nurden-2009-16">[14]</a> The historical core of Belgrade, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Kalemegdan</a>, lies on the right banks of both rivers. Since the 19th century, the city has been expanding to the south and east; after World War II, <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a> was built on the left bank of the Sava river, connecting Belgrade with <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>. Smaller, chiefly residential communities across the Danube, like <a href="/wiki/Krnja%C4%8Da" title="Krnjača">Krnjača</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kote%C5%BE" title="Kotež">Kotež</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bor%C4%8Da" title="Borča">Borča</a>, also merged with the city, while <a href="/wiki/Pan%C4%8Devo" title="Pančevo">Pančevo</a>, a heavily industrialised satellite city, remains separate. The city has an urban area of 360 km2 (140 sq mi), while together with its metropolitan area it covers 3,223 km2 (1,244 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-3-12">[11]</a> On the right bank of the Sava, central Belgrade has a hilly terrain, while the highest point of Belgrade proper is <a href="/wiki/Torlak_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Torlak (Belgrade)">Torlak hill</a> at 303 m (994 ft). The mountains of <a href="/wiki/Avala" title="Avala">Avala</a> (511 m (1,677 ft)) and <a href="/wiki/Kosmaj" title="Kosmaj">Kosmaj</a> (628 m (2,060 ft)) lie south of the city. Across the Sava and Danube, the land is mostly flat, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Alluvial_plain" title="Alluvial plain">alluvial plains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loam" title="Loam">loessial</a> <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateaus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DJI_0387-12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/DJI_0387-12.jpg/220px-DJI_0387-12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1867"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/DJI_0387-12.jpg/220px-DJI_0387-12.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/DJI_0387-12.jpg/330px-DJI_0387-12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/DJI_0387-12.jpg/440px-DJI_0387-12.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Unknown_Hero" title="Monument to the Unknown Hero">Monument to the Unknown Hero</a> on the mountain <a href="/wiki/Avala" title="Avala">Avala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avala_Tower" title="Avala Tower">Avala Tower</a> and city of Belgrade in distance.</figcaption></figure> One of the characteristics of the city terrain is <a href="/wiki/Mass_wasting" title="Mass wasting">mass wasting</a>. On the territory covered by the General Urban Plan there are 1,155 recorded mass wasting points, out of which 602 are active and 248 are labeled as 'high risk'. They cover almost 30% of the city territory and include several types of mass wasting. <a href="/wiki/Downhill_creep" title="Downhill creep">Downhill creeps</a> are located on the slopes above the rivers, mostly on the <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> or <a href="/wiki/Loam" title="Loam">loam</a> soils, inclined between 7 and 20%. The most critical ones are in <a href="/wiki/Karaburma" title="Karaburma">Karaburma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zvezdara" title="Zvezdara">Zvezdara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1njica,_Serbia" title="Višnjica, Serbia">Višnjica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da" title="Vinča">Vinča</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ritopek" title="Ritopek">Ritopek</a>, in the Danube valley, and <a href="/wiki/Umka" title="Umka">Umka</a>, and especially its neighbourhood of Duboko, in the Sava valley. They have moving and dormant phases, and some of them have been recorded for centuries. Less active downhill creep areas include the entire <a href="/wiki/Terazijska_Terasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Terazijska Terasa">Terazije slope</a> above the Sava (Kalemegdan, <a href="/wiki/Savamala" title="Savamala">Savamala</a>), which can be seen by the inclination of the <a href="/wiki/Pobednik" title="Pobednik">Pobednik</a> monument and the tower of the <a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Cathedral,_Belgrade" title="St. Michael's Cathedral, Belgrade">Cathedral Church</a>, and the Voždovac section, between <a href="/wiki/Banjica" title="Banjica">Banjica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Autokomanda" title="Autokomanda">Autokomanda</a>. Landslides encompass smaller areas, develop on the steep cliffs, sometimes being inclined up to 90%. They are mostly located in the artificial <a href="/wiki/Loess" title="Loess">loess</a> hills of Zemun: <a href="/wiki/Gardo%C5%A1" title="Gardoš">Gardoš</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%86ukovac" title="Ćukovac">Ćukovac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kalvarija_(Zemun)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalvarija (Zemun)">Kalvarija</a>. However, the majority of the land movement in Belgrade, some 90%, is triggered by the construction works and faulty water supply system (burst pipes, etc.). The neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Mirijevo" title="Mirijevo">Mirijevo</a> is considered to be the most successful project of fixing the problem. During the construction of the neighbourhood from the 1970s, the terrain was systematically improved and the movement of the land is today completely halted.<a href="#cite_note-121">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, Belgrade has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (Cfa) bordering on a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (Dfa) with four seasons and uniformly spread precipitation. Monthly averages range from 1.9 °C (35.4 °F) in January to 23.8 °C (74.8 °F) in July, with an annual mean of 13.2 °C (55.8 °F). There are, on average, 44.6 days a year when the maximum temperature is at or above 30 °C (86 °F),<a href="#cite_note-nceinoaagov-123">[121]</a> and 95 days when the temperature is above 25 °C (77 °F), On the other hand, Belgrade experiences 52.1 days per year in which the minimum temperature falls below 0 °C (32 °F), with 13.8 days having a maximum temperature below freezing as well.<a href="#cite_note-nceinoaagov-123">[121]</a> Belgrade receives about 698 mm (27 in) of precipitation a year, with late spring being wettest. The average annual number of sunny hours is 2,020. Belgrade may experience thunderstorms at any time of the year, experiencing 31 days annually, but it's much more common in spring and summer months. <a href="/wiki/Hail" title="Hail">Hail</a> is rare and occurs exclusively in spring or summer.<a href="#cite_note-nceinoaagov-123">[121]</a> The highest officially recorded temperature in Belgrade was 43.6 °C (110.5 °F) on 24 July 2007,<a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a> while on the other end, the lowest temperature was −26.2 °C (−15 °F) on 10 January 1893.<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a> The highest recorded value of daily precipitation was 109.8 millimetres (4.32 inches) on 15 May 2014.<a href="#cite_note-nceinoaagov-123">[121]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Belgrade (1991–2020, extremes 1920–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7 (69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9 (75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0 (86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4 (90.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.9 (94.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.7 (101.7) </td> <td style="background: #E20000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.6 (110.5) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.8 (107.2) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.8 (107.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7 (94.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7 (72.9) </td> <td style="background: #E20000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">43.6 (110.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2 (41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 (46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1 (55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9 (66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6 (74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1 (80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7 (85.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3 (75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7 (65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 (54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 (43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.0 (64.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 (35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 (38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 (46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6 (56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8 (74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8 (74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3 (55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 (46.6) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 (37.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.2 (55.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.7 (30.7) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 (33.1) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 (39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 (47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2 (55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1 (57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 (41.2) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 (32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.1 (48.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−26.2 (−15.2) </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.5 (−13.9) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.4 (6.1) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1 (21.0) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4 (29.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 (40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 (46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 (44.1) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 (33.1) </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.9 (19.6) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.1 (12.0) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.3 (−2.7) </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−26.2 (−15.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.9 (1.89) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.5 (1.71) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.7 (1.92) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.5 (2.03) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.3 (2.85) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95.6 (3.76) </td> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.5 (2.62) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.1 (2.17) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.6 (2.31) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.8 (2.16) </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.6 (1.95) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.8 (2.16) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">698.9 (27.52) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) </th> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.5 </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.5 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">138.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000D4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.4 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.7 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.9 </td> <td style="background: #1212FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61.9 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.5 </td> <td style="background: #1A1AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.8 </td> <td style="background: #1B1BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.5 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000DE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000CD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">67.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #818181; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.7 </td> <td style="background: #AFAF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.2 </td> <td style="background: #C2C216; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.7 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.7 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">224.7 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">253.9 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">278.8 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262.6 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">192.6 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.0 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.1 </td> <td style="background: #6E6E6E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.3 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,020.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia<a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV),<a href="#cite_note-127">[125]</a> Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<a href="#cite_note-128">[126]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Administration" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Belgrade" title="Mayor of Belgrade">Mayor of Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="527"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 145px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="145" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg/330px-Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg/440px-Belgrade_Old_Court_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stari_dvor" title="Stari dvor">Stari dvor</a> town hall of city of Belgrade</figcaption></figure> Belgrade is a separate territorial unit in Serbia, with its own autonomous city authority.<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-17">[15]</a> The Assembly of the City of Belgrade has 110 members, elected on four-year terms.<a href="#cite_note-129">[127]</a> A 13-member City Council, elected by the Assembly and presided over by the mayor and his deputy, has the control and supervision of the city administration,<a href="#cite_note-130">[128]</a> which manages day-to-day administrative affairs. It is divided into 14 Secretariats, each having a specific portfolio such as traffic or health care, and several professional services, agencies and institutes.<a href="#cite_note-131">[129]</a> The <a href="/wiki/2022_Belgrade_City_Assembly_election" title="2022 Belgrade City Assembly election">2022 Belgrade City Assembly election</a> was won by the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Progressive_Party" title="Serbian Progressive Party">Serbian Progressive Party</a>, which formed a ruling coalition with the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Party of Serbia">Socialist Party of Serbia</a>. Between 2004 and 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Serbia)" title="Democratic Party (Serbia)">Democratic Party</a> was in power.<a href="#cite_note-132">[130]</a> Due to the importance of Belgrade in political and economic life of Serbia, the office of city's mayor is often described as the third most important office in the state, after the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia" title="Prime Minister of Serbia">President of the Government</a> and the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Serbia" title="President of Serbia">President of the Republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> As the capital city, Belgrade is seat of all Serbian state authorities – <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">executive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legislative" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative">legislative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judiciary</a>, and the headquarters of almost all national political parties as well as 75 <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">diplomatic missions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> This includes the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Serbia)" title="National Assembly (Serbia)">National Assembly</a>, the Presidency, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Serbia" title="Government of Serbia">Government of Serbia</a> and all the ministries, <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Cassation_(Serbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Cassation (Serbia)">Supreme Court of Cassation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Serbia" title="Constitutional Court of Serbia">Constitutional Court</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipalities">Municipalities</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Municipalities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Belgrade" title="Subdivisions of Belgrade">Subdivisions of Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings,_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3337" data-file-height="2839"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 187px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="187" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_Novi_Beograd_buildings%2C_2024.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Communist brutalist architecture of <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a></figcaption></figure> The city is divided into 17 municipalities.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-5-137">[135]</a> Previously, they were classified into 10 urban (lying completely or partially within borders of the city proper) and 7 suburban municipalities, whose centres are smaller towns.<a href="#cite_note-138">[136]</a> With the new 2010 City statute, they were all given equal status, with the proviso that suburban ones (except Surčin) have certain autonomous powers, chiefly related with construction, infrastructure and public utilities.<a href="#cite_note-beogradrs-5-137">[135]</a> Most of the municipalities are situated on the southern side of the Danube and <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a> rivers, in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0umadija" title="Šumadija">Šumadija</a> region. Three municipalities (<a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">Novi Beograd</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sur%C4%8Din" title="Surčin">Surčin</a>), are on the northern bank of the Sava in the <a href="/wiki/Syrmia" title="Syrmia">Syrmia</a> region and the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Palilula_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palilula (Belgrade)">Palilula</a>, spanning the Danube, is in both the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0umadija" title="Šumadija">Šumadija</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banat" title="Banat">Banat</a> regions. <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_municipalities02.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Belgrade_municipalities02.png/250px-Belgrade_municipalities02.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1651"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 330px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Belgrade_municipalities02.png/250px-Belgrade_municipalities02.png" data-width="250" data-height="330" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Belgrade_municipalities02.png/375px-Belgrade_municipalities02.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Belgrade_municipalities02.png/500px-Belgrade_municipalities02.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Municipalities of Belgrade map</figcaption></figure> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th>Municipality </th> <th>Classification </th> <th>Area (km2) </th> <th>Population (census 2022) </th> <th>Population density (per km2) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Barajevo" title="Barajevo">Barajevo</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>213.10</td> <td>26,431</td> <td>110 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukarica" title="Čukarica">Čukarica</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>156.99</td> <td>175,793</td> <td>1,120 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Grocka" title="Grocka">Grocka</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>299.55</td> <td>82,810</td> <td>276 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Lazarevac" title="Lazarevac">Lazarevac</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>383.51</td> <td>55,146</td> <td>144 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Mladenovac" title="Mladenovac">Mladenovac</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>339</td> <td>48,683</td> <td>144 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">Novi Beograd</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>40.71</td> <td>209,763</td> <td>5,153 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Obrenovac" title="Obrenovac">Obrenovac</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>410.14</td> <td>68,882</td> <td>168 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Palilula_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palilula (Belgrade)">Palilula</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>450.59</td> <td>182,624</td> <td>405 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Rakovica,_Belgrade" title="Rakovica, Belgrade">Rakovica</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>30.11</td> <td>104,456</td> <td>3,469 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Savski_Venac" title="Savski Venac">Savski Venac</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>14.06</td> <td>36,699</td> <td>2,610 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Sopot,_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sopot, Serbia">Sopot</a></td> <td>suburban</td> <td>270.71</td> <td>19,126</td> <td>71 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Stari_Grad,_Belgrade" title="Stari Grad, Belgrade">Stari Grad</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>5.40</td> <td>44,737</td> <td>8,285 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Sur%C4%8Din" title="Surčin">Surčin</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>288.47</td> <td>45,452</td> <td>158 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Vo%C5%BEdovac" title="Voždovac">Voždovac</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>148.52</td> <td>174,864</td> <td>1,177 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Vra%C4%8Dar" title="Vračar">Vračar</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>2.87</td> <td>55,406</td> <td>19,305 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>149.74</td> <td>177,908</td> <td>1,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Zvezdara" title="Zvezdara">Zvezdara</a></td> <td>urban</td> <td>31.49</td> <td>172,625</td> <td>5,482 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e9e9e9;"> <th style="text-align:left">Total</th> <th></th> <th style="text-align:right">3,234.96</th> <th style="text-align:right">1,681,405</th> <th style="text-align:right">520 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left" colspan="5">Source: Sector for statistics, Belgrade<a href="#cite_note-zavod_za_statistiku_grada_beograda-3">[3]</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Demographics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Belgrade" title="Demographics of Belgrade">Demographics of Belgrade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Belgrade" title="Demographic history of Belgrade">Demographic history of Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/220px-Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2692" data-file-height="2057"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 168px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/220px-Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="168" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/330px-Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/440px-Belgrade_oblast_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade oblast population pyramid in 2021</figcaption></figure> According to the 2022 census, the statistical city proper has a population of 1,197,714, the urban area (with adjacent urban settlements like <a href="/wiki/Bor%C4%8Da" title="Borča">Borča</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Da" title="Ovča">Ovča</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sur%C4%8Din" title="Surčin">Surčin</a>, etc.) has 1,383,875 inhabitants, while the population of the administrative area of the City of Belgrade (often equated with Belgrade's metropolitan area) stands at 1,681,405 people. However, Belgrade's metropolitan area has not been defined, either statistically or administratively, and it <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">sprawls</a> into the neighboring municipalities like Pančevo, <a href="/wiki/Opovo" title="Opovo">Opovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pe%C4%87inci" title="Pećinci">Pećinci</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stara_Pazova" title="Stara Pazova">Stara Pazova</a>. Belgrade is home to many ethnicities from across the former Yugoslavia and the wider Balkans region. The main ethnic group comprising over 86% of the metropolitan population of Belgrade are <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a> (1,449,241). Some significant minorities include <a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Serbia" title="Romani people in Serbia">Roma</a> (23,160), <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs_in_Serbia" title="Yugoslavs in Serbia">Yugoslavs</a> (10,499), <a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani</a> (5,249), <a href="/wiki/Montenegrins_of_Serbia" title="Montenegrins of Serbia">Montenegrins</a> (5,134), <a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Serbia" title="Russians in Serbia">Russians</a> (4,659), <a href="/wiki/Croats_of_Serbia" title="Croats of Serbia">Croats</a> (4,554), <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_in_Serbia" title="Macedonians in Serbia">Macedonians</a> (4,293), and <a href="/wiki/Muslims_(South-Slavic_ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslims (South-Slavic ethnic group)">ethnic Muslims</a> (2,718).<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a> Many people came to the city as economic migrants from smaller towns and the countryside, while tens of thousands arrived as refugees from <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav wars">Yugoslav wars</a> of the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> The most recent wave of immigration following the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> saw tens of thousands of Russians and Ukrainians register their residence in Serbia, majority of them in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> Between 10,000 and 20,000<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a> <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Chinese people</a> are estimated to live in Belgrade and, since their arrival in the mid-1990s, <a href="/wiki/Blocks_(New_Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blocks (New Belgrade)">Block 70</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a> has been known colloquially as the Chinese quarter.<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/Middle_Easterners" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Easterners">Middle Easterners</a>, mainly from <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, arrived in order to pursue their studies during the 1970s and 1980s, and have remained in the city.<a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a> Throughout the 19th and early 20th century, small communities of <a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czechs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian</a> <a href="/wiki/White_%C3%A9migr%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="White émigrés">White émigrés</a> also existed in Belgrade. There are two suburban settlements with significant minority population today: <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Da" title="Ovča">Ovča</a> and the village of <a href="/wiki/Boljevci" title="Boljevci">Boljevci</a>, both with about one quarter of their population being <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovaks" title="Slovaks">Slovaks</a>, respectively. Immigration to Belgrade from other countries accelerates. In 2023, more than 30,000 foreign workers got working and residence permits only in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1426</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">50,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">— </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1683</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">100,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.27%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1800</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.18%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1834</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,033</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.66%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1859</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">18,860</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+4.02%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1863</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,760</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.94%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1866</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,768</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.83%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1874</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">27,605</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.36%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1884</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">35,483</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.54%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">54,763</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+7.50%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1895</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">59,790</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.77%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">68,481</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.75%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1905</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">77,235</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.44%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">82,498</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.33%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">111,739</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.80%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">238,775</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.89%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">397,911</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.05%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1953</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">477,982</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.73%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">657,362</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.06%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">899,094</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+3.18%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,087,915</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.92%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,133,146</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.41%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,119,642</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.11%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,166,763</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.46%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,197,714</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.24%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: 1426-1683 data;<a href="#cite_note-147">[145]</a> 1800 data;<a href="#cite_note-148">[146]</a> 1834-1931<a href="#cite_note-149">[147]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th>Settlements </th> <th>Population <a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Belgrade</td> <td>1,197,714 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bor%C4%8Da" title="Borča">Borča</a></td> <td>51,862 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Kalu%C4%91erica" title="Kaluđerica">Kaluđerica</a></td> <td>28,483 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Lazarevac" title="Lazarevac">Lazarevac</a></td> <td>27,635 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Obrenovac" title="Obrenovac">Obrenovac</a></td> <td>25,380 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Mladenovac" title="Mladenovac">Mladenovac</a></td> <td>22,346 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Sur%C4%8Din" title="Surčin">Surčin</a></td> <td>20,602 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Srem%C4%8Dica" title="Sremčica">Sremčica</a></td> <td>19,434 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ugrinovci" title="Ugrinovci">Ugrinovci</a></td> <td>11,859 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Le%C5%A1tane" title="Leštane">Leštane</a></td> <td>10,454 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ripanj" title="Ripanj">Ripanj</a></td> <td>10,084 </td></tr></tbody></table> Although there are several historic religious communities in Belgrade, the religious makeup of the city is relatively homogeneous. The <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox</a> community is by far the largest, with 1,475,168 adherents. There are also 31,914 Muslims, 13,720 Roman Catholics, and 3,128 <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestants</a>. There once was a significant <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Serbia" title="History of the Jews in Serbia">Jewish community</a> in Belgrade but, following the World War II <a href="/wiki/History_of_Serbia#Serbia_in_World_War_I" title="History of Serbia">Nazi occupation</a> of the city and subsequent Jewish emigration, their numbers have fallen from over 10,000 to just 295.<a href="#cite_note-151">[149]</a> Belgrade also used to have one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> colonies in Europe outside Russia when some 400 mostly Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Kalmyks" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyks</a> settled on the outskirts of Belgrade following the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>. The first Buddhist temple in Europe was built in Belgrade in 1929. Most of them moved away after the World War II and their temple, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_pagoda" title="Belgrade pagoda">Belgrade pagoda</a>, was abandoned, claimed by the new Communist regime and eventually demolished.<a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgrade" title="Economy of Belgrade">Economy of Belgrade</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_IT_sector" title="Belgrade IT sector">Belgrade IT sector</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architectural_projects_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural projects in Belgrade">Architectural projects in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg/220px-Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="698" data-file-height="524"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg/220px-Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg/330px-Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg/440px-Zgrada_Ministarstva_saobra%C4%87aja_u_Beogradu_2006.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Railways" title="Serbian Railways">Serbian Railways</a> headquarters in Belgrade</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_(2017).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg/440px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B8_%282017%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Headquarters of <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Serbia" title="National Bank of Serbia">Serbian National Bank</a></figcaption></figure> Belgrade is the <a href="/wiki/Financial_centre" title="Financial centre">financial centre</a> of Serbia and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeast Europe</a>, with a total of 17×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 m2 (180×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 sq ft) of office space.<a href="#cite_note-153">[151]</a> It is also home to the country's <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Serbia" title="National Bank of Serbia">Central Bank</a>. 750,550 people are employed (July 2020)<a href="#cite_note-biznistelegrafrs-2020-154">[152]</a> in 120,286 companies,<a href="#cite_note-ve%C4%8Dernje_novosti-2013-155">[153]</a> 76,307 enterprises and 50,000 shops.<a href="#cite_note-biznistelegrafrs-2020-154">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a> The City of Belgrade itself owns 267,147 m2 (2,875,550 sq ft) of rentable office space.<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a> As of 2019, Belgrade contained 31.4% of Serbia's employed population and generated over 40.4% of its GDP.<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> City GDP in 2023 at purchasing power parity is estimated at $73 bn USD, which is $43,400 per capita in terms of purchasing power parity. Nominal GDP in 2023 is estimated at $31.5 bn USD, which is $18.700 per capita.<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a> is the country's <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">Central business district</a> and one of <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeastern Europe">Southeastern Europe</a>'s financial centres. It offers a range of facilities, such as hotels, congress halls (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Sava_Centar" title="Sava Centar">Sava Centar</a>), Class A and B office buildings, and business parks (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Airport_City_Belgrade" title="Airport City Belgrade">Airport City Belgrade</a>). Over 1.2×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 m2 (13×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 sq ft) of land is under construction in New Belgrade, with the value of planned construction over the next three years estimated at over 1.5 billion euros. The <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Stock_Exchange" title="Belgrade Stock Exchange">Belgrade Stock Exchange</a> is also located in New Belgrade. With 6,924 companies in the IT sector (according to 2013 data<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit">[update]</a>), Belgrade is one of the foremost <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> hubs in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeast Europe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ve%C4%8Dernje_novosti-2013-155">[153]</a> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Development_Center_Serbia" title="Microsoft Development Center Serbia">Development Center Serbia</a>, located in Belgrade, was, at the time of its establishment, the fifth such programme on the globe.<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> Many global IT companies choose Belgrade as their European or regional centre of operations, such as <a href="/wiki/Asus" title="Asus">Asus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a> <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>,<a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a>,<a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nutanix" title="Nutanix">Nutanix</a>,<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> <a href="/wiki/NCR_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="NCR Corporation">NCR</a> etc.<a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a> The most famous Belgrade IT startups, among others, are <a href="/wiki/Nordeus" title="Nordeus">Nordeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/ComTrade_Group" title="ComTrade Group">ComTrade Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikroelektronika" title="Mikroelektronika">MicroE</a>, <a href="/wiki/FishingBooker" title="FishingBooker">FishingBooker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Endava_d.o.o." class="mw-redirect" title="Endava d.o.o.">Endava</a>. IT facilities in the city include the <a href="/wiki/Mihajlo_Pupin_Institute" title="Mihajlo Pupin Institute">Mihajlo Pupin Institute</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Lola_Ribar_Institute" title="Ivo Lola Ribar Institute">ILR</a>,<a href="#cite_note-168">[166]</a> as well as the brand-new IT Park Zvezdara.<a href="#cite_note-169">[167]</a> Many prominent IT innovators began their careers in Belgrade, including <a href="/wiki/Voja_Antoni%C4%87" title="Voja Antonić">Voja Antonić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Veselin_Jevrosimovi%C4%87" title="Veselin Jevrosimović">Veselin Jevrosimović</a>. In December 2021, the average Belgrade monthly net salary stood at 94,463 RSD ($946) in net terms, with the gross equivalent at 128,509 RSD ($1288), while in New Belgrade CBD is Euros 1,059.<a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> 88% of the city's households owned a computer, 89% had a broadband internet connection and 93% had <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay television</a> services.<a href="#cite_note-171">[169]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Cushman_%26_Wakefield" title="Cushman & Wakefield">Cushman & Wakefield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knez_Mihajlova" class="mw-redirect" title="Knez Mihajlova">Knez Mihajlova</a> street is 36th most expensive retail street in the world in terms of renting commercial space.<a href="#cite_note-172">[170]</a> As an example of the attractiveness of the city and its importance in this part of the continent is the fact that numerous multinational companies choose precisely Belgrade to place its local headquarters. An early example of this was the multinational food-giant <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> opening its first ever restaurant in a communist country in Europe in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-173">[171]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Belgrade">Culture of Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_Square_(27420599076).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg/220px-Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3058" data-file-height="1818"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 131px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg/220px-Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="131" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg/330px-Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg/440px-Republic_Square_%2827420599076%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Republic_Square_(Belgrade)" title="Republic Square (Belgrade)">Republic Square</a>, Left: <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Serbia" title="National Museum of Serbia">National Museum of Serbia</a> – Centre: <a href="/wiki/Courtyard_by_Marriott" title="Courtyard by Marriott">Courtyard by Marriott</a> Hotel Belgrade – Right: <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Belgrade" title="National Theatre in Belgrade">National Theatre</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts,_Knez_Mihailova_(13810271995).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg/220px-Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg/220px-Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg/330px-Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg/440px-Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts%2C_Knez_Mihailova_%2813810271995%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts</a>, national learned society founded in 1841</figcaption></figure> According to the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, Belgrade is one of the five most creative cities in the world.<a href="#cite_note-174">[172]</a> Belgrade hosts many annual international cultural events, including the <a href="/wiki/FEST_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="FEST (Belgrade)">Film Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_International_Theatre_Festival" title="Belgrade International Theatre Festival">Theatre Festival</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade_Summer_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgrade Summer Festival (page does not exist)">Summer Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Music_Festival" title="Belgrade Music Festival">BEMUS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade_Early_Music_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgrade Early Music Festival (page does not exist)">Belgrade Early Music Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Book_Fair" title="Belgrade Book Fair">Book Fair</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade_Choir_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgrade Choir Festival (page does not exist)">Belgrade Choir Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2008">Eurovision Song Contest 2008</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Beer_Fest" title="Belgrade Beer Fest">Beer Fest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-175">[173]</a> In 2022 Belgrade was also home to the <a href="/wiki/EuroPride" title="EuroPride">Europride</a> event, even though the Serbian president, Aleksandar Vučić, tried to cancel it.<a href="#cite_note-176">[174]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize</a> winning author <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Ivo Andrić</a> wrote his most famous work, <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_Drina" title="The Bridge on the Drina">The Bridge on the Drina</a>, in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-177">[175]</a> Other prominent Belgrade authors include <a href="/wiki/Branislav_Nu%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Branislav Nušić">Branislav Nušić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Crnjanski" title="Miloš Crnjanski">Miloš Crnjanski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borislav_Peki%C4%87" title="Borislav Pekić">Borislav Pekić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milorad_Pavi%C4%87_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milorad Pavić (writer)">Milorad Pavić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Me%C5%A1a_Selimovi%C4%87" title="Meša Selimović">Meša Selimović</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[178]</a> The most internationally prominent artists from Belgrade are <a href="/wiki/Charles_Simic" title="Charles Simic">Charles Simic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87" title="Marina Abramović">Marina Abramović</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milovan_Destil_Markovi%C4%87" title="Milovan Destil Marković">Milovan Destil Marković</a>. Most of <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Serbia" title="Cinema of Serbia">Serbia's film industry</a> is based in Belgrade. <a href="/wiki/FEST_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="FEST (Belgrade)">FEST</a> is an annual film festival that has been held since 1971. Through 2013, the festival had been attended by four million people and had presented almost 4,000 films.<a href="#cite_note-181">[179]</a> The city was one of the main centres of the <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music_in_Yugoslavia" title="New wave music in Yugoslavia">Yugoslav new wave</a> in the 1980s: <a href="/wiki/VIS_Idoli" class="mw-redirect" title="VIS Idoli">VIS Idoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekatarina_Velika" title="Ekatarina Velika">Ekatarina Velika</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0arlo_Akrobata" title="Šarlo Akrobata">Šarlo Akrobata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_Orgazam" title="Električni Orgazam">Električni Orgazam</a> were all from Belgrade. Other notable Belgrade rock acts include <a href="/wiki/Riblja_%C4%8Corba" title="Riblja Čorba">Riblja Čorba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bajaga_i_Instruktori" title="Bajaga i Instruktori">Bajaga i Instruktori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Partibrejkers" title="Partibrejkers">Partibrejkers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-182">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[181]</a> Today, it is the centre of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_hip_hop" title="Serbian hip hop">Serbian hip hop</a> scene, with acts such as <a href="/wiki/Beogradski_Sindikat" title="Beogradski Sindikat">Beogradski Sindikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bad_Copy" title="Bad Copy">Bad Copy</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kabo" title="Škabo">Škabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mar%C4%8Delo" title="Marčelo">Marčelo</a>, and most of the Bassivity Music stable hailing from or living in the city.<a href="#cite_note-184">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[183]</a> There are numerous theatres, the most prominent of which are <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Belgrade" title="National Theatre in Belgrade">National Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theatre_on_Terazije" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre on Terazije">Theatre on Terazije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Drama_Theatre" title="Yugoslav Drama Theatre">Yugoslav Drama Theatre</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdara_Theatre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvezdara Theatre (page does not exist)">Zvezdara Theatre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Atelje_212" title="Atelje 212">Atelier 212</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts</a> is also based in Belgrade, as well as the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Serbia" title="National Library of Serbia">National Library of Serbia</a>. Other major libraries include the Belgrade City Library and the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_University_Library" title="Belgrade University Library">Belgrade University Library</a>. Belgrade's two opera houses are: <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Belgrade" title="National Theatre in Belgrade">National Theatre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madlenianum_Opera_and_Theatre" title="Madlenianum Opera and Theatre">Madlenianum Opera House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> Following the victory of Serbia's representative <a href="/wiki/Marija_%C5%A0erifovi%C4%87" title="Marija Šerifović">Marija Šerifović</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2007" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2007">Eurovision Song Contest 2007</a>, Belgrade hosted the Contest in <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2008">2008</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[186]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg/200px-Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3072"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg/200px-Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg/300px-Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg/400px-Bwjcyhxoowgp.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja" title="Stefan Nemanja">Stefan Nemanja</a> Monument in front of <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Main_Railway_Station" title="Belgrade Main Railway Station">Belgrade Main Railway Station</a></figcaption></figure> There are more than 1650 <a href="/wiki/Public_sculpture" class="mw-redirect" title="Public sculpture">public sculptures</a> in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Museums" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Belgrade" title="List of museums in Belgrade">List of museums in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg/220px-Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5010" data-file-height="3160"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 139px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg/220px-Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="139" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg/330px-Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg/440px-Museum_of_Yugoslavia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Yugoslavia" title="Museum of Yugoslavia">Museum of Yugoslavia</a></figcaption></figure> The most prominent museum in Belgrade is the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Serbia" title="National Museum of Serbia">National Museum</a>, founded in 1844 and reconstructed from 2003 until June 2018. The museum houses a collection of more than 400,000 exhibits (over 5600 paintings and 8400 drawings and prints, including many foreign masters like <a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Bosch" title="Hieronymus Bosch">Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Flandes" title="Juan de Flandes">Juan de Flandes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tintoretto" title="Tintoretto">Tintoretto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Rubens</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9zanne" class="mw-redirect" title="Cézanne">Cézanne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Tiepolo" title="Giovanni Battista Tiepolo">G.B. Tiepolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir" title="Pierre-Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Monet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Lautrec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henri_Matisse" title="Henri Matisse">Matisse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Gauguin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Chagall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Van Gogh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piet_Mondrian" title="Piet Mondrian">Mondrian</a> etc.) and also the famous <a href="/wiki/Miroslav%27s_Gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="Miroslav's Gospel">Miroslav's Gospel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-191">[189]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_Museum_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnographic Museum (Belgrade)">Ethnographic Museum</a>, established in 1901, contains more than 150,000 items showcasing the rural and urban culture of the Balkans, particularly the countries of <a href="/wiki/Former_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Former Yugoslavia">former Yugoslavia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Contemporary Art (Belgrade)">Museum of Contemporary Art</a> was the first contemporary art museum in Yugoslavia and one of the first museums of this type in the world.<a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a> Following its foundation in 1965, has amassed a collection of more than 8,000 works from art produced across the former Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a> The museum was closed in 2007, but has since been reopened in 2017 to focus on the modern as well as on the Yugoslav art scenes.<a href="#cite_note-195">[193]</a> Artist <a href="/wiki/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87" title="Marina Abramović">Marina Abramović</a>, who was born in Belgrade, held an exhibition in the Museum of Contemporary Art, which the <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">New York Times</a> described as one of the most important cultural happenings in the world in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-196">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[195]</a> The exhibition was seen by almost 100,000 visitors. Marina Abramović made a stage speech and performance in front of 20,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-198">[196]</a> In the heart of Belgrade you can also find the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Applied_Arts,_Belgrade" title="Museum of Applied Arts, Belgrade">Museum of Applied Arts</a>, a museum that has been awarded for the Institution of the Year 2016 by <a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Museums" title="International Council of Museums">ICOM</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[197]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_of_contemporary_art,_Belgrade_(%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg/220px-Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5264" data-file-height="3506"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg/220px-Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg/330px-Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg/440px-Museum_of_contemporary_art%2C_Belgrade_%28%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Belgrade" title="Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade">Museum of Contemporary Art</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Military_Museum_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Museum (Belgrade)">Military Museum</a>, established in 1878 in Kalemegdan, houses a wide range of more than 25,000 military objects dating from the prehistoric to the medieval to the modern eras. Notable items include Turkish and oriental arms, national banners, and <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslav Partisan</a> regalia.<a href="#cite_note-200">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[199]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Aviation_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Aviation in Belgrade">Museum of Aviation in Belgrade</a> located near <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Nikola_Tesla_Airport" title="Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport">Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport</a> has more than 200 aircraft, of which about 50 are on display, and a few of which are the only surviving examples of their type, such as the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_G.50" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat G.50">Fiat G.50</a>. This museum also displays parts of shot down US and <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> aircraft, such as the <a href="/wiki/F-117_Nighthawk" class="mw-redirect" title="F-117 Nighthawk">F-117</a> and <a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16</a>.<a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla_Museum" title="Nikola Tesla Museum">Nikola Tesla Museum</a>, founded in 1952, preserves the personal items of <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a>, the inventor after whom the <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(unit)" title="Tesla (unit)">Tesla unit</a> was named. It holds around 160,000 original documents and around 5,700 personal other items including his urn.<a href="#cite_note-203">[201]</a> The last of the major Belgrade museums is the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Vuk_and_Dositej" title="Museum of Vuk and Dositej">Museum of Vuk and Dositej</a>, which showcases the lives, work and legacy of <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Stefanovi%C4%87_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Vuk Stefanović Karadžić">Vuk Stefanović Karadžić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dositej_Obradovi%C4%87" title="Dositej Obradović">Dositej Obradović</a>, the 19th century reformer of the Serbian literary language and the first Serbian Minister of Education, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-204">[202]</a> Belgrade also houses the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_African_Art,_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of African Art, Serbia">Museum of African Art</a>, founded in 1977, which has a large collection of art from West Africa.<a href="#cite_note-205">[203]</a> With around 95,000 copies of national and international films, the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Film_Archive" title="Yugoslav Film Archive">Yugoslav Film Archive</a> is the largest in the region and among the 10 largest archives in the world.<a href="#cite_note-206">[204]</a> The institution also operates the Museum of Yugoslav Film Archive, with movie theatre and exhibition hall. The archive's long-standing storage problems were finally solved in 2007, when a new modern depository was opened.<a href="#cite_note-207">[205]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Film_Archive" title="Yugoslav Film Archive">Yugoslav Film Archive</a> also exhibits original <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>'s stick and one of the first movies by <a href="/wiki/Auguste_and_Louis_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Auguste and Louis Lumière">Auguste and Louis Lumière</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[206]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_City_Museum" title="Belgrade City Museum">Belgrade City Museum</a> moved into a new building in downtown in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-209">[207]</a> The museum hosts a range of collections covering the history of urban life since prehistory.<a href="#cite_note-210">[208]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Yugoslavia" title="Museum of Yugoslavia">Museum of Yugoslavia</a> has collections from the Yugoslav era. Beside paintings, the most valuable are <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> rocks donated by <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> crew <a href="/wiki/Neil_Armstrong" title="Neil Armstrong">Neil Armstrong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buzz_Aldrin" title="Buzz Aldrin">Buzz Aldrin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Collins_(astronaut)" title="Michael Collins (astronaut)">Michael Collins</a> while visiting Belgrade in 1969 and from mission <a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">Apollo 17</a> donated by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-211">[209]</a> Museum also houses <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>'s sabre with 260 brilliants and diamonds, donated by Stalin himself.<a href="#cite_note-212">[210]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_of_Science_and_Technology_(Belgrade)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum of Science and Technology (Belgrade) (page does not exist)">Museum of Science and Technology</a> moved to the building of the first city's power plant in Dorćol in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-213">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Architecture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_in_Belgrade" title="List of buildings in Belgrade">List of buildings in Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_and_squares_in_Belgrade" title="List of streets and squares in Belgrade">List of streets and squares in Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridges_of_Belgrade" title="Bridges of Belgrade">Bridges of Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Architectural_projects_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural projects in Belgrade">Architectural projects in Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_architecture_in_Belgrade" title="Religious architecture in Belgrade">Religious architecture in Belgrade</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Belgrade" title="Gates of Belgrade">Gates of Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4,_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1440"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg/440px-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%2C_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_National_Assembly,_Belgrade" title="House of the National Assembly, Belgrade">House of the National Assembly</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palata_Albanija_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Palata_Albanija_01.jpg/220px-Palata_Albanija_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3468" data-file-height="4624"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Palata_Albanija_01.jpg/220px-Palata_Albanija_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Palata_Albanija_01.jpg/330px-Palata_Albanija_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Palata_Albanija_01.jpg/440px-Palata_Albanija_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palace_Albanija" title="Palace Albanija">Palace Albanija</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fsnydsrasssv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fsnydsrasssv.jpg/220px-Fsnydsrasssv.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3072"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fsnydsrasssv.jpg/220px-Fsnydsrasssv.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fsnydsrasssv.jpg/330px-Fsnydsrasssv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fsnydsrasssv.jpg/440px-Fsnydsrasssv.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ruski_car_Tavern" title="Ruski car Tavern">Russian Czar Tavern</a> </figcaption></figure> Belgrade has wildly varying architecture, from the centre of <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>, typical of a Central European town,<a href="#cite_note-214">[212]</a> to the more modern architecture and spacious layout of <a href="/wiki/Novi_Beograd" class="mw-redirect" title="Novi Beograd">New Belgrade</a>. The oldest architecture is found in Kalemegdan Park. Outside of Kalemegdan, the oldest buildings date only from the 18th century, due to its geographic position and frequent wars and destructions.<a href="#cite_note-manevi%C4%87-215">[213]</a> The oldest public structure in Belgrade is a nondescript Turkish <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrbe" title="Türbe">türbe</a>, while the oldest house is a modest clay house on <a href="/wiki/Dor%C4%87ol" title="Dorćol">Dorćol</a>, from late 18th century.<a href="#cite_note-216">[214]</a> Western influence began in the 19th century, when the city completely transformed from an oriental town to the contemporary architecture of the time, with influences from <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neoclassicism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romanticism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Academic_art" title="Academic art">academic art</a>. Serbian architects took over the development from foreign builders in the late 19th century, producing the <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Belgrade" title="National Theatre in Belgrade">National Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stari_dvor" title="Stari dvor">Stari Dvor</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Cathedral_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Michael's Cathedral (Belgrade)">Cathedral Church</a> and later, in the early 20th century, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_National_Assembly,_Belgrade" title="House of the National Assembly, Belgrade">House of the National Assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Serbia" title="National Museum of Serbia">National Museum</a>, influenced by <a href="/wiki/Art_nouveau" class="mw-redirect" title="Art nouveau">art nouveau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-manevi%C4%87-215">[213]</a> Elements of <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Byzantine_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbo-Byzantine Revival">Serbo-Byzantine Revival</a> are present in buildings such as <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Foundation_House" title="Vuk Foundation House">Vuk Foundation House</a>, old Post Office in Kosovska street, and sacral architecture, such as <a href="/wiki/St._Mark%27s_Church,_Belgrade" title="St. Mark's Church, Belgrade">St. Mark's Church</a> (based on the <a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%8Danica_monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="Gračanica monastery">Gračanica monastery</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Sava" title="Church of Saint Sava">Church of Saint Sava</a>.<a href="#cite_note-manevi%C4%87-215">[213]</a> In the socialist period, housing was built quickly and cheaply for the huge influx of people fleeing the countryside following World War II, sometimes resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Brutalist_architecture" title="Brutalist architecture">brutalist architecture</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Blocks_(New_Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blocks (New Belgrade)">blokovi</a> ('blocks') of <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a>; a <a href="/wiki/Socrealism" class="mw-redirect" title="Socrealism">socrealism</a> trend briefly ruled, resulting in buildings like the <a href="/wiki/Dom_Sindikata" title="Dom Sindikata">Trade Union Hall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-manevi%C4%87-215">[213]</a> However, in the mid-1950s, <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernist</a> trends took over, and still dominate the Belgrade architecture.<a href="#cite_note-manevi%C4%87-215">[213]</a> Belgrade has the second oldest sewer system in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-217">[215]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Clinical_Centre_of_Serbia" title="Clinical Centre of Serbia">Clinical Centre of Serbia</a> spreads over 34 hectares and consists of about 50 buildings, while also has 3,150 beds considered to be the highest number in Europe,<a href="#cite_note-218">[216]</a> and among <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_by_capacity" class="mw-redirect" title="List of hospitals by capacity">highest in the world</a>.<a href="#cite_note-219">[217]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Tourism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Serbia" title="Tourism in Serbia">Tourism in Serbia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_Saint_Sava_(Belgrade,_Serbia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg/220px-Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg/220px-Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg/330px-Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg/440px-Church_of_Saint_Sava_%28Belgrade%2C_Serbia%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Sava" title="Church of Saint Sava">Church of Saint Sava</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crkva_svetog_Marka,_Beograd_(St._Mark%27s_Church,_Belgrade).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg/220px-Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4780" data-file-height="3948"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 182px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg/220px-Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="182" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg/330px-Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg/440px-Crkva_svetog_Marka%2C_Beograd_%28St._Mark%27s_Church%2C_Belgrade%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._Mark%27s_Church,_Belgrade" title="St. Mark's Church, Belgrade">St. Mark's Church</a></figcaption></figure> Lying on the main artery connecting Europe and Asia, as well as, eventually, the <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Express</a>, Belgrade has been a popular place for travellers through the centuries. In 1843, on Dubrovačka Street (today Kralj Petar Street ), Serbia's <a href="/wiki/Knez_(title)" class="mw-redirect" title="Knez (title)">knez</a> <a href="/wiki/Mihailo_Obrenovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Mihailo Obrenović">Mihailo Obrenović</a> built a large edifice which became the first hotel in Belgrade: Kod jelena ('at the deer's'), in the neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Kosan%C4%8Di%C4%87ev_Venac" title="Kosančićev Venac">Kosančićev Venac</a>. Many criticised the move at the time due to the cost and the size of the building, but it soon became the gathering point of the Principality's wealthiest citizens. Colloquially, the building was also referred to as the staro zdanje, or the 'old edifice'. It remained a hotel until 1903 before being demolished in 1938.<a href="#cite_note-220">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> After the staro zdanje, numerous hotels were built in the second half of the 19th century: Nacional and Grand, also in Kosančićev Venac, Srpski Kralj, Srpska Kruna, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_Kraljica" title="Grčka Kraljica">Grčka Kraljica</a> near Kalemegdan, Balkan and Pariz in <a href="/wiki/Terazije" title="Terazije">Terazije</a>, <a href="/wiki/London,_Belgrade" title="London, Belgrade">London</a>, etc.<a href="#cite_note-peri%C4%87-2018-222">[220]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DJI_0136-12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/DJI_0136-12.jpg/220px-DJI_0136-12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1867"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/DJI_0136-12.jpg/220px-DJI_0136-12.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/DJI_0136-12.jpg/330px-DJI_0136-12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/DJI_0136-12.jpg/440px-DJI_0136-12.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kalemegdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalemegdan">Kalemegdan</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac,_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg/220px-Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3540" data-file-height="2656"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg/220px-Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg/330px-Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg/440px-Botani%C4%8Dka_ba%C5%A1ta_Jevremovac%2C_Beograd_-_Japanski_vrt_07.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jevremovac" title="Jevremovac">Jevremovac Botanical Garden</a></figcaption></figure> As Belgrade became connected via steamboats and railway (after 1884), the number of visitors grew and new hotels were opened with luxurious commodities. In Savamala, the hotels Bosna and Bristol were opened. Other hotels included Solun and Orient, which was built near the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Park">Financial Park</a>. Tourists who arrived by the <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Express</a> mostly stayed at the Petrograd Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Savamala#Sava_Square" title="Savamala">Wilson Square</a>. Hotel Srpski Kralj, at the corner of Uzun Mirkova and Pariska Streets was considered the best hotel in Belgrade during the <a href="/wiki/Interbellum" class="mw-redirect" title="Interbellum">Interbellum</a>. It was destroyed during World War II.<a href="#cite_note-peri%C4%87-2018-222">[220]</a> The historic areas and buildings of Belgrade are among the city's premier attractions. They include <a href="/wiki/Skadarlija" title="Skadarlija">Skadarlija</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Serbia" title="National Museum of Serbia">National Museum</a> and adjacent <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Belgrade" title="National Theatre in Belgrade">National Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Pa%C5%A1i%C4%87_Square" title="Nikola Pašić Square">Nikola Pašić Square</a>, Terazije, <a href="/wiki/Studentski_Trg" title="Studentski Trg">Students' Square</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fortress" title="Belgrade Fortress">Kalemegdan Fortress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knez_Mihailova" class="mw-redirect" title="Knez Mihailova">Knez Mihailova Street</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Serbia">Parliament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Saint_Sava" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Saint Sava">Church of Saint Sava</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/The_Old_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="The Old Palace">Old Palace</a>. On top of this, there are many parks, monuments, museums, cafés, restaurants and shops on both sides of the river. The hilltop <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Unknown_Hero" title="Monument to the Unknown Hero">Avala Monument</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avala_Tower" title="Avala Tower">Avala Tower</a> offer views over the city. According to The Guardian, <a href="/wiki/Dorcol" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorcol">Dorcol</a> is the one of top ten coolest suburbs in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-223">[221]</a> The elite neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Dedinje" title="Dedinje">Dedinje</a> is situated near the <a href="/wiki/Top%C4%8Dider" title="Topčider">Topčider</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1utnjak" title="Košutnjak">Košutnjak</a> parks. The <a href="/wiki/Dedinje_Royal_Compound" title="Dedinje Royal Compound">Dedinje Royal Compound</a> which houses the former royal residences of (<a href="/wiki/Kraljevski_Dvor" title="Kraljevski Dvor">Kraljevski Dvor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beli_dvor" title="Beli dvor">Beli Dvor</a>) is open for visitors. The palace has many valuable artworks.<a href="#cite_note-224">[222]</a> Nearby, <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>'s mausoleum, called <a href="/wiki/House_of_Flowers_(mausoleum)" title="House of Flowers (mausoleum)">The House of Flowers</a>, documents the life of the former Yugoslav president. <a href="/wiki/Ada_Ciganlija" title="Ada Ciganlija">Ada Ciganlija</a> is a former island on the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava River</a>, and Belgrade's biggest sports and recreational complex. Today it is connected with the right bank of the Sava via two causeways, creating an artificial lake. It is the most popular destination for Belgraders during the city's hot summers. There are 7 km (4 mi) of long beaches and sports facilities for various sports including golf, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>, basketball, volleyball, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a>, baseball, and tennis.<a href="#cite_note-tourist_organization_of_belgrade-225">[223]</a> During summer there are between 200,000 and 300,000 bathers daily.<a href="#cite_note-226">[224]</a> Extreme sports are available, such as <a href="/wiki/Bungee_jumping" title="Bungee jumping">bungee jumping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">water skiing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paintball" title="Paintball">paintballing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tourist_organization_of_belgrade-225">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-sport_activities_in_belgrade-227">[225]</a> There are numerous trails on the island, where it is possible to ride a bike, go for a walk, or go jogging.<a href="#cite_note-tourist_organization_of_belgrade-225">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-sport_activities_in_belgrade-227">[225]</a> Apart from Ada, Belgrade has total of 16 islands<a href="#cite_note-228">[226]</a> on the rivers, many still unused. Among them, the <a href="/wiki/Great_War_Island" title="Great War Island">Great War Island</a>, at the confluence of Sava, stands out as an oasis of unshattered wildlife (especially birds).<a href="#cite_note-229">[227]</a> These areas, along with nearby <a href="/wiki/Small_War_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Small War Island">Small War Island</a>, are protected by the city's government as a <a href="/wiki/Nature_preserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature preserve">nature preserve</a>.<a href="#cite_note-230">[228]</a> There are <a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_monuments_in_Belgrade" title="List of natural monuments in Belgrade">37 protected natural resources</a> in the Belgrade urban area, among which eight are geo-heritage sites, i.e. <a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%BEevica" title="Straževica">Straževica</a> profile, Mašin Majdan-<a href="/wiki/Top%C4%8Dider" title="Topčider">Topčider</a>, Profile at the <a href="/wiki/Kalemegdan_Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalemegdan Fortress">Kalemegdan Fortress</a>, Abandoned quarry in <a href="/wiki/Barajevo" title="Barajevo">Barajevo</a>, Karagača valley, Artesian well in <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Da" title="Ovča">Ovča</a>, Kapela <a href="/wiki/Loess" title="Loess">loess</a> profile, and Lake in <a href="/wiki/Srem%C4%8Dica" title="Sremčica">Sremčica</a>. Other 29 places are biodiversity sites.<a href="#cite_note-231">[229]</a> Tourist income in 2016 amounted to nearly half a billion <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euros</a>;<a href="#cite_note-232">[230]</a> with a visit of almost a million registered tourists.<a href="#cite_note-vestionlinecom-233">[231]</a> Of those, in 2019 more than 100,000 tourists arrived by 742 river cruisers.<a href="#cite_note-vestionlinecom-233">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[232]</a> Average annual growth is between 13% and 14%.<a href="#cite_note-vestionlinecom-233">[231]</a> As of 2018, there are three officially designated <a href="/wiki/Camp_grounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp grounds">camp grounds</a> in Belgrade. The oldest one is located in <a href="/wiki/Batajnica" title="Batajnica">Batajnica</a>, along the Batajnica Road. Named "Dunav", it is one of the most visited campsites in the country. The second one is situated within the complex of the ethno-household "Zornić's House" in the village of <a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%87evac" title="Baćevac">Baćevac</a>, while the third is located in <a href="/wiki/Ripanj" title="Ripanj">Ripanj</a>, on the slopes of Avala mountain. In 2017 some 15,000 overnights were recorded in camps.<a href="#cite_note-235">[233]</a> Belgrade is a common stop on the <a href="/wiki/EV6_The_Rivers_Route" title="EV6 The Rivers Route">Rivers Route</a>, European <a href="/wiki/Long-distance_cycling_route" title="Long-distance cycling route">cycling route</a> known as "Danube Bike Trail" in Serbia as well as on the <a href="/wiki/Sultans_Trail" title="Sultans Trail">Sultans Trail</a>, a long-distance hiking footpath between <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nightlife">Nightlife</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Nightlife" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nightlife_in_Belgrade" title="Nightlife in Belgrade">Nightlife in Belgrade</a></div> Belgrade has a reputation for vibrant nightlife; many <a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">clubs</a> that are open until dawn can be found throughout the city.<a href="#cite_note-236">[234]</a> The most recognisable nightlife features of Belgrade are the barges (splav) spread along the banks of the Sava and Danube Rivers.<a href="#cite_note-237">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[237]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg/220px-Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="307"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg/220px-Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg/330px-Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Belgrade_nightlife_on_riverclubs.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade nightlife</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:63oGrad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/63oGrad.jpg/220px-63oGrad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1439" data-file-height="1591"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 243px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/63oGrad.jpg/220px-63oGrad.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="243" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/63oGrad.jpg/330px-63oGrad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/63oGrad.jpg/440px-63oGrad.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Belgrade night aerial view</figcaption></figure> Many weekend visitors—particularly from <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>—prefer Belgrade nightlife to that of their own capitals due to its perceived friendly atmosphere, plentiful clubs and bars, cheap drinks, lack of significant language barriers, and a lack of night life regulation.<a href="#cite_note-240">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[239]</a> One of the most famous sites for alternative cultural happenings in the city is the SKC (Student Cultural Centre), located right across from Belgrade's highrise landmark, the <a href="/wiki/Beogra%C4%91anka" title="Beograđanka">Belgrade Palace tower</a>. Concerts featuring famous local and foreign bands are often held at the centre. SKC is also the site of various art exhibitions, as well as public debates and discussions.<a href="#cite_note-242">[240]</a> A more traditional Serbian nightlife experience, accompanied by traditional music known as <a href="/wiki/Starogradska_muzika" title="Starogradska muzika">Starogradska</a> (roughly translated as Old Town Music), typical of northern Serbia's urban environments, is most prominent in <a href="/wiki/Skadarlija" title="Skadarlija">Skadarlija</a>, the city's old <a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">bohemian</a> neighbourhood where the poets and artists of Belgrade gathered in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Skadar Street (the centre of Skadarlija) and the surrounding neighbourhood are lined with some of Belgrade's best and oldest traditional restaurants (called <a href="/wiki/Kafana" title="Kafana">kafanas</a> in Serbian), which date back to that period.<a href="#cite_note-243">[241]</a> At one end of the neighbourhood stands Belgrade's oldest beer brewery, founded in the first half of the 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-244">[242]</a> One of the city's oldest kafanas is the <a href="/wiki/Znak_pitanja" class="mw-redirect" title="Znak pitanja">Znak pitanja</a> ('?').<a href="#cite_note-245">[243]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> reported that Europe's best nightlife can be found in Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-246">[244]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Lonely_Planet" title="Lonely Planet">Lonely Planet</a> 1000 Ultimate Experiences Guide of 2009, Belgrade was placed at the 1st spot among the top 10 party cities in the world.<a href="#cite_note-247">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport_and_recreation">Sport and recreation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sport and recreation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_sporting_events_in_Belgrade" title="List of sporting events in Belgrade">List of sporting events in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg/220px-Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg/220px-Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg/330px-Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg/440px-Ada_Ciganlija_lake.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ada_Ciganlija" title="Ada Ciganlija">Ada Ciganlija</a></figcaption></figure> There are approximately one-thousand sports facilities in Belgrade, many of which are capable of serving all levels of sporting events.<a href="#cite_note-248">[246]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ada_Ciganlija" title="Ada Ciganlija">Ada Ciganlija</a> island, with its lake and beaches, is one of the most important recreational areas in the city. With a total of 8 km beaches, and a variety of bars, cafés, restaurants and sport facilities, Ada Ciganlija attracts many visitors, especially in summertime. <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1utnjak" title="Košutnjak">Košutnjak</a> Park Forest has numerous running and bike trails, sports facilities for a variety of sports, and indoor and outdoor pools. It is a popular destination that is located only 2 km from Ada Ciganlija. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg/220px-Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="480"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg/220px-Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg/330px-Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg/440px-Fk_Red_Star_stadium.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_Stadium" title="Red Star Stadium">Rajko Mitić Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgrade_Arena_(SER).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3519" data-file-height="1792"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 112px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg/220px-Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="112" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg/330px-Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg/440px-Belgrade_Arena_%28SER%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Arena" title="Belgrade Arena">Belgrade Arena</a></figcaption></figure> During the 1960s and 1970s Belgrade held a number of major international events such as the first ever World Aquatics Championships in <a href="/wiki/1973_World_Aquatics_Championships" title="1973 World Aquatics Championships">1973</a>, <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Euro_1976" title="UEFA Euro 1976">1976 European Football Championship</a> and <a href="/wiki/1972%E2%80%9373_European_Cup" title="1972–73 European Cup">1973 European Cup Final</a>, European Athletics Championships in <a href="/wiki/1962_European_Athletics_Championships" title="1962 European Athletics Championships">1962</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Athletics_Indoor_Championships" title="European Athletics Indoor Championships">European Indoor Games</a> in 1969, European Basketball Championships in <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1961" title="EuroBasket 1961">1961</a> and <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1975" title="EuroBasket 1975">1975</a>, European Volleyball Championship for <a href="/wiki/1975_Men%27s_European_Volleyball_Championship" title="1975 Men's European Volleyball Championship">men</a> and <a href="/wiki/1975_Women%27s_European_Volleyball_Championship" title="1975 Women's European Volleyball Championship">women</a> in 1975 and World Amateur Boxing Championships in <a href="/wiki/1978_World_Amateur_Boxing_Championships" title="1978 World Amateur Boxing Championships">1978</a>. Since the early 2000s Belgrade again hosts major sporting events nearly every year. Some of these include <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_2005" title="EuroBasket 2005">EuroBasket 2005</a>, European Handball Championship (<a href="/wiki/2012_European_Men%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2012 European Men's Handball Championship">men's</a> and <a href="/wiki/2012_European_Women%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2012 European Women's Handball Championship">women's</a>) in 2012, <a href="/wiki/2013_World_Women%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2013 World Women's Handball Championship">World Handball Championship</a> for women in 2013, European Volleyball Championships for men in <a href="/wiki/2005_European_Volleyball_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 European Volleyball Championship">2005</a> for men and <a href="/wiki/2011_Women%27s_European_Volleyball_Championship" title="2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship">2011</a> for women, the 2006 and 2016 <a href="/wiki/European_Water_Polo_Championship" title="European Water Polo Championship">European Water Polo Championship</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Youth_Olympic_Festival" title="European Youth Olympic Festival">European Youth Olympic Festival</a> 2007 and the <a href="/wiki/Universiade" class="mw-redirect" title="Universiade">2009 Summer Universiade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-249">[247]</a> More recently, Belgrade hosted <a href="/wiki/European_Athletics_Indoor_Championships" title="European Athletics Indoor Championships">European Athletics Indoor Championships</a> in 2017 and the basketball <a href="/wiki/EuroLeague_Final_Four" title="EuroLeague Final Four">EuroLeague Final Four</a> tournaments in 2018 and 2022. Global and continental championships in other sports such as <a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">tennis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">futsal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">judo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">karate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">rowing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">kickboxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Table_tennis" title="Table tennis">table tennis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a> have also been held in recent years. The city is home to Serbia's two biggest and most successful <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> clubs, <a href="/wiki/Red_Star_Belgrade" title="Red Star Belgrade">Red Star Belgrade</a> and <a href="/wiki/FK_Partizan" title="FK Partizan">Partizan Belgrade</a>. Red Star won the <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Champions_League" title="UEFA Champions League">UEFA Champions League</a> (European Cup) in <a href="/wiki/1990%E2%80%9391_European_Cup" title="1990–91 European Cup">1991</a>, and Partizan was runner-up in <a href="/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_European_Cup" title="1965–66 European Cup">1966</a>. The two major stadiums in Belgrade are Marakana (<a href="/wiki/Red_Star_Stadium" title="Red Star Stadium">Red Star Stadium</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Partizan_Stadium" title="Partizan Stadium">Partizan Stadium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-250">[248]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Eternal_derby_(Serbia)" title="Eternal derby (Serbia)">Eternal derby</a> is between Red Star and Partizan. With a capacity of 19,384 spectators,<a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Arena" title="Belgrade Arena">Belgrade Arena</a> is one of the largest indoor arenas in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-251">[249]</a> It is used for major sporting events and large concerts. In May 2008, it was the venue for the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2008">53rd Eurovision Song Contest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[250]</a><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Nikoli%C4%87_Hall" title="Aleksandar Nikolić Hall">Aleksandar Nikolić Hall</a> is the main venue of <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> clubs <a href="/wiki/KK_Partizan" title="KK Partizan">KK Partizan</a>, the European champion of 1992, and <a href="/wiki/KK_Crvena_Zvezda" class="mw-redirect" title="KK Crvena Zvezda">KK Crvena Zvezda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-253">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-254">[252]</a> In recent years, Belgrade has also given rise to several world-class tennis players such as <a href="/wiki/Ana_Ivanovic" title="Ana Ivanovic">Ana Ivanovic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jelena_Jankovi%C4%87" title="Jelena Janković">Jelena Janković</a> and <a href="/wiki/Novak_Djokovic" title="Novak Djokovic">Novak Djokovic</a>. Ivanovic and Djokovic are the first female and male Belgraders, respectively, to win <a href="/wiki/Grand_Slam_(tennis)" title="Grand Slam (tennis)">Grand Slam</a> singles titles and been <a href="/wiki/List_of_ATP_number_1_ranked_singles_tennis_players" title="List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players">ATP number 1</a> with <a href="/wiki/Jelena_Jankovi%C4%87" title="Jelena Janković">Jelena Janković</a>. The Serbian national team won the <a href="/wiki/2010_Davis_Cup_World_Group" title="2010 Davis Cup World Group">2010 Davis Cup</a>, beating the French team in the finals played in the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Arena" title="Belgrade Arena">Belgrade Arena</a>.<a href="#cite_note-255">[253]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Marathon" title="Belgrade Marathon">Belgrade Marathon</a> is held annually since 1988. Belgrade was a candidate to host the 1992 and the 1996 <a href="/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Games" title="Summer Olympic Games">Summer Olympic Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-256">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fashion_and_design">Fashion and design</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Fashion and design" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Since 1996,<a href="#cite_note-258">[256]</a> semiannual (autumn/winter and spring/summer seasons) <a href="/wiki/Fashion_week" title="Fashion week">fashion weeks</a> are held citywide. Numerous Serbian and foreign designers and fashion brands have their shows during <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Fashion_Week" title="Belgrade Fashion Week">Belgrade Fashion Week</a>. The festival, which collaborates with <a href="/wiki/London_Fashion_Week" title="London Fashion Week">London Fashion Week</a>, has helped launch the international careers of local talents such as <a href="/wiki/George_Styler" title="George Styler">George Styler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ana_Ljubinkovi%C4%87" title="Ana Ljubinković">Ana Ljubinković</a>. British fashion designer <a href="/wiki/Roksanda_Ilincic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roksanda Ilincic">Roksanda Ilincic</a>, who was born in the city, also frequently presents her runway shows in Belgrade. In addition to fashion, there are two major design shows held in Belgrade every year which attract international architects and industrial designers such as <a href="/wiki/Karim_Rashid" title="Karim Rashid">Karim Rashid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Libeskind" title="Daniel Libeskind">Daniel Libeskind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Urquiola" title="Patricia Urquiola">Patricia Urquiola</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Grcic" title="Konstantin Grcic">Konstantin Grcic</a>. Both the <a href="/wiki/Mikser_Festival" title="Mikser Festival">Mikser Festival</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Design_Week" title="Belgrade Design Week">Belgrade Design Week</a> feature lectures, exhibits and competitions. Furthermore, international designers like <a href="/wiki/Sacha_Lakic" title="Sacha Lakic">Sacha Lakic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ana_Kra%C5%A1" title="Ana Kraš">Ana Kraš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bojana_Sentaler" title="Bojana Sentaler">Bojana Sentaler</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marek_Djordjevic" title="Marek Djordjevic">Marek Djordjevic</a> are originally from Belgrade. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_media_organisations_in_Belgrade" title="List of media organisations in Belgrade">List of media organisations in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Digital_Belgrade,_Tanjug,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg/220px-Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg/220px-Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg/330px-Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg/440px-Digital_Belgrade%2C_Tanjug%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tanjug" title="Tanjug">Tanjug</a>, the former Serbian state-owned news agency building, defunct in 2021</figcaption></figure> Belgrade is the most important media hub in Serbia. The city is home to the main headquarters of the national broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_of_Serbia" title="Radio Television of Serbia">Radio Television Serbia (RTS)</a>, which is a public service broadcaster.<a href="#cite_note-259">[257]</a> The most popular commercial broadcaster is <a href="/wiki/RTV_Pink" class="mw-redirect" title="RTV Pink">RTV Pink</a>, a Serbian media multinational, known for its popular entertainment programmes. One of the most popular commercial broadcasters is <a href="/wiki/B92" title="B92">B92</a>, another media company, which has its own TV station, radio station, and music and book publishing arms, as well as the most popular website on the Serbian internet.<a href="#cite_note-260">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-261">[259]</a> Other TV stations broadcasting from Belgrade include <a href="/wiki/Prva_Srpska_Televizija" title="Prva Srpska Televizija">1Prva</a> (formerly Fox televizija), <a href="/wiki/Nova.rs" class="mw-redirect" title="Nova.rs">Nova</a>, <a href="/wiki/N1_(television)" class="mw-redirect" title="N1 (television)">N1</a> and others which only cover the greater Belgrade municipal area, such as <a href="/wiki/RTV_Studio_B" title="RTV Studio B">Studio B</a>. High-circulation daily newspapers published in Belgrade include <a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">Politika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blic" title="Blic">Blic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alo!" title="Alo!">Alo!</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurir" title="Kurir">Kurir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danas_(newspaper)" title="Danas (newspaper)">Danas</a>. There are two sporting dailies, <a href="/wiki/Sportski_%C5%BEurnal" title="Sportski žurnal">Sportski žurnal</a> and <a href="/wiki/DSL_Sport" title="DSL Sport">Sport</a>, and one economic daily, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Privredni_pregled&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Privredni pregled (page does not exist)">Privredni pregled</a>. A new free distribution daily, <a href="/wiki/24_sata_(Serbia)" title="24 sata (Serbia)">24 sata</a>, was founded in the autumn of 2006. Also, Serbian editions of licensed magazines such as <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elle_(magazine)" title="Elle (magazine)">Elle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_Serbia" title="Cosmopolitan Serbia">Cosmopolitan</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_Health" title="Men's Health">Men's Health</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grazia" title="Grazia">Grazia</a> and others have their headquarters in the city. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_in_Belgrade" title="List of educational institutions in Belgrade">List of educational institutions in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG/200px-Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="1296"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG/200px-Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG/300px-Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG/400px-Kapetan_Misino_Zdanje_zgrada.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Captain_Mi%C5%A1a%27s_Mansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Miša's Mansion">Administration Building of the University of Belgrade</a></figcaption></figure> Belgrade has two state universities and several private institutions of higher education. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Belgrade" title="University of Belgrade">University of Belgrade</a>, founded in 1808 as a <a href="/wiki/Grandes_%C3%A9coles" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandes écoles">grande école</a>, is the oldest institution of higher learning in Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-262">[260]</a> Having developed with much of the rest of the city in the 19th century, several university buildings are recognised as forming a constituent part of Belgrade's architecture and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>. With enrolment numbers of nearly 90,000 students, the university is one of Europe's largest.<a href="#cite_note-263">[261]</a> The city is also home to 195 primary (elementary) schools and 85 secondary schools. The primary school system has 162 regular schools, 14 <a href="/wiki/Special_education" title="Special education">special</a> schools, 15 art schools, and 4 adult schools, while the secondary school system has 51 vocational schools, 21 <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">gymnasiums</a>, 8 art schools and 5 special schools. The 230,000 pupils are managed by 22,000 employees in over 500 buildings, covering around 1.1×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 m2 (12×10<s style="display:none">^</s>6 sq ft).<a href="#cite_note-264">[262]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Transportation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Belgrade" title="Transport in Belgrade">Transport in Belgrade</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Belgrade" title="Trams in Belgrade">Trams in Belgrade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bridges_in_Belgrade" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridges in Belgrade">Bridges in Belgrade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg/220px-%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg/220px-%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg/330px-%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg/440px-%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%807.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Centre_Railway_Station" title="Belgrade Centre Railway Station">Belgrade Centre Railway Station</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg/220px-CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1384"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 152px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg/220px-CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="152" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg/330px-CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg/440px-CAF_%26_KT4_Tram_Belgrade.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Belgrade" title="Trams in Belgrade">Trams in Belgrade</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GSP_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/GSP_Logo.svg/220px-GSP_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1661" data-file-height="766"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 101px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/GSP_Logo.svg/220px-GSP_Logo.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="101" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/GSP_Logo.svg/330px-GSP_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/GSP_Logo.svg/440px-GSP_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The logo for the company</figcaption></figure> Belgrade has an extensive public transport system consisting of buses (118 urban lines and more than 300 suburban lines), trams (12 lines), <a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">trolleybuses</a> (8 lines) and <a href="/wiki/S-Train" class="mw-redirect" title="S-Train">S-Train</a> <a href="/wiki/BG_Voz" title="BG Voz">BG Voz</a> (6 lines).<a href="#cite_note-265">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[264]</a> Buses, trolleybuses and trams are run by <a href="/wiki/GSP_Beograd" class="mw-redirect" title="GSP Beograd">GSP Beograd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lasta_Beograd" title="Lasta Beograd">SP Lasta</a> in cooperation with private companies on some bus routes. The <a href="/wiki/S-train" class="mw-redirect" title="S-train">S-train</a> network, <a href="/wiki/BG_Voz" title="BG Voz">BG Voz</a>, run by city government in cooperation with <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Railways" title="Serbian Railways">Serbian Railways</a>, is a part of the integrated transport system, and has three lines (Batajnica-Ovča and Ovča-Resnik and Belgrade centre-Mladenovac), with more announced.<a href="#cite_note-267">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-268">[266]</a> As of 27 February 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit">[update]</a> tickets may be purchased either via SMS or in physical paper form via the Beograd plus / Београд плус system.<a href="#cite_note-269">[267]</a> Daily connections link the capital to other towns in Serbia and many other European destinations through the city's <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Bus_Station" title="Belgrade Bus Station">central bus station</a>. <a href="/wiki/Beovoz" title="Beovoz">Beovoz</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Regional_rail" title="Regional rail">suburban/commuter railway</a> network that provided <a href="/wiki/Mass-transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass-transit">mass-transit</a> services in the city, similar to Paris's <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_Express_R%C3%A9gional" title="Réseau Express Régional">RER</a> and Toronto's <a href="/wiki/GO_Transit" title="GO Transit">GO Transit</a>. The main usage of system was to connect the suburbs with the city centre. Beovoz was operated by <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Railways" title="Serbian Railways">Serbian Railways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-270">[268]</a> However, this system was abolished back in 2013, mostly due to introduction of more efficient BG Voz. Belgrade is one of the last big European capitals and cities with over a million people to have no metro or subway or other <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> system. As of November 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Metro" title="Belgrade Metro">Belgrade Metro</a> is currently under construction, which will have 2 lines. The first line is expected to be operational by August 2028.<a href="#cite_note-271">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-272">[270]</a> The new <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Centre_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade Centre railway station">Belgrade Centre railway station</a> is the hub for almost all national and international trains. The <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed rail</a> that connects Belgrade with <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a> started its service on 19 March 2022.<a href="#cite_note-273">[271]</a> The extension towards <a href="/wiki/Subotica" title="Subotica">Subotica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> is under construction,<a href="#cite_note-274">[272]</a> and there are plans for a southwards extension towards <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-275">[273]</a> The city is placed along the <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_corridors" title="Pan-European corridors">Pan-European corridors</a> <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_Corridor_X" title="Pan-European Corridor X">X</a> and VII.<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrade-2-11">[10]</a> The motorway system provides for easy access to <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> to the west. Expressway is also toward Pančevo and new Expressway construction toward Obrenovac (Montenegro) is scheduled for March 2017. <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_bypass" title="Belgrade bypass">Belgrade bypass</a> is connecting the <a href="/wiki/E70_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="E70 in Serbia">E70</a> and <a href="/wiki/E75_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="E75 in Serbia">E75</a> motorways and is under construction.<a href="#cite_note-276">[274]</a> Situated at the confluence of two major rivers, the Danube and the Sava, Belgrade has 11 bridges, the most important of which are <a href="/wiki/Branko%27s_Bridge" title="Branko's Bridge">Branko's Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ada_Bridge" title="Ada Bridge">Ada Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pupin_Bridge" title="Pupin Bridge">Pupin Bridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gazela_Bridge" title="Gazela Bridge">Gazela Bridge</a>, the last two of which connect the core of the city to <a href="/wiki/New_Belgrade" title="New Belgrade">New Belgrade</a>. In addition, an 'inner magistral semi-ring' is almost done and includes a new Ada bridge across the Sava river and a new Pupin bridge across the Danube river, which ease <a href="/wiki/Commuting" title="Commuting">commuting</a> within the city and unload traffic from the Gazela Bridge and Branko's Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-277">[275]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Belgrade" title="Port of Belgrade">Port of Belgrade</a> is on the Danube, and allows the city to receive goods by river.<a href="#cite_note-278">[276]</a> The city is also served by <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Nikola_Tesla_Airport" title="Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport">Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport</a>, 12 km (7.5 mi) west of the city centre, near <a href="/wiki/Sur%C4%8Din" title="Surčin">Surčin</a>. At its peak in 1986, almost 3 million passengers travelled through the airport, though that number dwindled to a trickle in the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-279">[277]</a> Following renewed growth in 2000, the number of passengers reached approximately 2 million in 2004 and 2005,<a href="#cite_note-280">[278]</a> over 2.6 million passengers in 2008,<a href="#cite_note-281">[279]</a> reaching over 3 million passengers.<a href="#cite_note-282">[280]</a> A record with over 4 million passengers was broken in 2014, when Belgrade <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikola Tesla Airport">Nikola Tesla Airport</a> became the second fastest growing major airport in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-283">[281]</a> The numbers continued to grow steadily and the all-time peak of over 6 million passengers was reached in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-284">[282]</a> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: International relations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities">Twin towns – sister cities</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png/120px-Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="297" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="411"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 297px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png/120px-Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png" data-width="120" data-height="297" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Chevalier_l%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur_2.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Because of the heroic strength of its defenders, French marshal <a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esp%C3%A8rey" title="Louis Franchet d'Espèrey">Louis Franchet d'Espèrey</a> decorated Belgrade with the Legion of Honor in 1920.</figcaption></figure> List of Belgrade's sister and twin cities:<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrad-285">[283]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><noscript><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" data-alt="United Kingdom" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a>, UK, since 1957<a href="#cite_note-286">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[285]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><noscript><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="United States" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, US, since 2005</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><noscript><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" data-alt="Slovenia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>, Slovenia, since 2010<a href="#cite_note-288">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[287]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><noscript><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" data-alt="North Macedonia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, North Macedonia, since 2012<a href="#cite_note-290">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[289]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><noscript><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" data-alt="Brazil" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Caruaru" title="Caruaru">Caruaru</a>, Brazil, since 2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, China, since 2018<a href="#cite_note-292">[290]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><noscript><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" data-alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina, since 2020<a href="#cite_note-293">[291]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Partner_cities">Partner cities</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Partner cities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums:<a href="#cite_note-city_of_belgrad-285">[283]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><noscript><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" data-alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina, since 2018, Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><noscript><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="Morocco" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Rabat" title="Rabat">Rabat</a>, Morocco, since 2017, Partnership and Cooperation Agreement</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><noscript><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="South Korea" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, South Korea, since 2017, Memorandum of Understanding on Friendly Exchanges and Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><noscript><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" data-alt="Kazakhstan" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>, Kazakhstan, since 2016, Agreement on Cooperation<a href="#cite_note-294">[292]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><noscript><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" data-alt="Iran" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, Iran, since 2016, Agreement on Cooperation<a href="#cite_note-295">[293]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><noscript><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" data-alt="Greece" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Corfu_(city)" title="Corfu (city)">Corfu</a>, Greece, since 2010, Protocol on Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, China, since 2009, Agreement on Cooperation<a href="#cite_note-296">[294]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><noscript><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" data-alt="Croatia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, Croatia, since 2003, Letter of Intent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><noscript><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" data-alt="Ukraine" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, Ukraine, since 2002, Agreement on Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><noscript><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" data-alt="Algeria" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>, Algeria, since 1991 declaration of mutual interests</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><noscript><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" data-alt="Israel" data-width="21" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, Israel, since 1990, Agreement on Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><noscript><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" data-alt="Romania" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, Romania, since 1999, Agreement on Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China, since 1980, Agreement on Cooperation<a href="#cite_note-297">[295]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><noscript><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="Italy" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy, since 1971, Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><noscript><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" data-alt="Greece" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, Greece, since 1966, Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation</li></ul> </div> Some of the city's municipalities are also twinned to small cities or districts of other big cities; for details see their respective articles. Belgrade has received various domestic and international honours, including the French <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'honneur">Légion d'honneur</a> (proclaimed 21 December 1920; Belgrade is one of four cities outside France, alongside <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège">Liège</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg (city)">Luxembourg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a>, to receive this honour), the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_War_Cross_1918" title="Czechoslovak War Cross 1918">Czechoslovak War Cross</a> (awarded 8 October 1925), the Yugoslavian <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91e%27s_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Karađorđe's Star">Order of the Karađorđe's Star</a> (awarded 18 May 1939) and the Yugoslavian <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_People%27s_Hero" title="Order of the People's Hero">Order of the People's Hero</a> (proclaimed on 20 October 1974, the 30th anniversary of the overthrow of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> occupation during World War II).<a href="#cite_note-298">[296]</a> All of these decorations were received for the war efforts during World War I and World War II.<a href="#cite_note-299">[297]</a> In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>' magazine <a href="/wiki/FDi_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="FDi magazine">Foreign Direct Investment</a> awarded Belgrade the title of City of the Future of Southern Europe.<a href="#cite_note-300">[298]</a><a href="#cite_note-301">[299]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Belgrade" title="List of people from Belgrade">List of people from Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_on_Danube_river" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns on Danube river">List of cities and towns on Danube river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Europe" title="List of metropolitan areas in Europe">List of metropolitan areas in Europe</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/bɛlˈɡrɑːd, -ˈɡræd/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">bel-GRAHD, -⁠GRAD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈbɛlɡrɑːd, -ɡræd/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">BEL-grahd, -⁠grad</a> <a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Yugoslavia was first named so with the <a href="/wiki/6_January_Dictatorship" title="6 January Dictatorship">1929 constitutional changes</a>. The country <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">collapsed by 1992</a>, at which point the polity called the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> persisted under the name until its renaming to Serbia and Montenegro in 2003, and <a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">dissolution in 2006</a>. </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/Pdf/G20234001.pdf">Ethnicity - data by municipalities and cities</a> (PDF). Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade. 2023. p. 38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-228-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-228-2"><bdi>978-86-6161-228-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnicity+-+data+by+municipalities+and+cities&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Statistical+Office+of+the+Republic+of+Serbia%2C+Belgrade&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-86-6161-228-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublikacije.stat.gov.rs%2FG2023%2FPdf%2FG20234001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">"Ancient Period"</a>. City of Belgrade. 5 October 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216090323/http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2012. 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Retrieved 10 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Statisti%C4%8Dki+godi%C5%A1njak+Beograda&rft.pub=Zavod+za+statistiku+grada+Beograda&rft.issn=0585-1912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzis.beograd.gov.rs%2Fimages%2FZIS%2FFiles%2FGodisnjak%2FG_2022S.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-statgovrs-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-statgovrs_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-statgovrs_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-us/vesti/statisticalrelease/?p=14061&a=31&s=3104">"First results of the 2022 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings"</a>. stat.gov.rs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221221114326/https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-us/vesti/statisticalrelease/?p=14061&a=31&s=3104">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stat.gov.rs&rft.atitle=First+results+of+the+2022+Census+of+Population%2C+Households+and+Dwellings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.gov.rs%2Fen-us%2Fvesti%2Fstatisticalrelease%2F%3Fp%3D14061%26a%3D31%26s%3D3104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/Pdf/G20234001.pdf">Ethnicity – data by municipalities and cities</a> (PDF). Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade. 2023. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-228-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-228-2"><bdi>978-86-6161-228-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnicity+%E2%80%93+data+by+municipalities+and+cities&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Statistical+Office+of+the+Republic+of+Serbia%2C+Belgrade&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-86-6161-228-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublikacije.stat.gov.rs%2FG2023%2FPdf%2FG20234001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКовачевић" class="citation journal cs1">Ковачевић, Миладин. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2024/Pdf/G202410127.pdf">"Регионални бруто домаћи производ, 2022"</a> (PDF). Radni Dokument. Republički zavod za statistiku Srbije. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1820-0141">1820-0141</a>. 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Retrieved 7 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+%E2%80%93+Subnational+HDI+%E2%80%93+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Fshdi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Belgrade". Collins English Dictionary (13th ed.). 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Retrieved 14 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dictionary.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Belgrade+%7C+Dictionary.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2FBelgrade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-city_of_belgrade-2-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-2_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-2_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=1299561">"Why invest in Belgrade?"</a>. City of Belgrade. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140924080008/http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=1299561">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+invest+in+Belgrade%3F&rft.pub=City+of+Belgrade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beograd.rs%2Fcms%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D1299561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-city_of_belgrade-3-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-3_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-3_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-3_12-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_of_belgrade-3_12-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=320">"Discover Belgrade"</a>. City of Belgrade. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090518005044/http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=320">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2009. 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Starinar (58): 9–27. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2298%2FSTA0858009S">10.2298/STA0858009S</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Starinar&rft.atitle=Paleolithic+and+mesolithic+finds+from+profile+of+the+Zemun+loess&rft.issue=58&rft.pages=9-27&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2298%2FSTA0858009S&rft.aulast=Saric&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2298%252FSTA0858009S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman2000" class="citation book cs1">Chapman, John (2000). Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places, and Broken Objects. London: Routledge. p. 236. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15803-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15803-9"><bdi>978-0-415-15803-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fragmentation+in+Archaeology%3A+People%2C+Places%2C+and+Broken+Objects&rft.place=London&rft.pages=236&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-415-15803-9&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman1981" class="citation book cs1">Chapman, John (1981). The Vinča culture of south-east Europe: Studies in chronology, economy and society (2 vols). BAR International Series. Vol. 117. Oxford: BAR. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86054-139-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-86054-139-8"><bdi>0-86054-139-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vin%C4%8Da+culture+of+south-east+Europe%3A+Studies+in+chronology%2C+economy+and+society+%282+vols%29&rft.place=Oxford&rft.series=BAR+International+Series&rft.pub=BAR&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-86054-139-8&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadivojevićRehrenPernickaŠljivar2010" class="citation journal cs1">Radivojević, M.; Rehren, T.; Pernicka, E.; Šljivar, D. A.; Brauns, M.; Borić, D. A. (2010). 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Journal of Archaeological Science. 37 (11): 2775. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010JArSc..37.2775R">2010JArSc..37.2775R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jas.2010.06.012">10.1016/j.jas.2010.06.012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=On+the+origins+of+extractive+metallurgy%3A+New+evidence+from+Europe&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2775&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2010.06.012&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010JArSc..37.2775R&rft.aulast=Radivojevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Rehren%2C+T.&rft.au=Pernicka%2C+E.&rft.au=%C5%A0ljivar%2C+D.+A.&rft.au=Brauns%2C+M.&rft.au=Bori%C4%87%2C+D.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaarmann2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haarmann, Harald (2002). Geschichte der Schrift (in German). C.H. Beck. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-406-47998-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-406-47998-4"><bdi>978-3-406-47998-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschichte+der+Schrift&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=C.H.+Beck&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-3-406-47998-4&rft.aulast=Haarmann&rft.aufirst=Harald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMikić2006" class="citation book cs1">Mikić, Radivoje, ed. (2006). Српска породична енциклопедија, књига 3, Ба-Би [Serbian family encynclopedia, Vol. 3, Ba-Bi]. 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Retrieved 16 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Belgrade+A+Cultural+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-10-29&rft.isbn=9780199704521&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db7RWayXdH0UC%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/2259344/Jason-and-the-Argonauts-sail-again.html">"Jason and the Argonauts sail again"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/2259344/Jason-and-the-Argonauts-sail-again.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Jason+and+the+Argonauts+sail+again&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fturkey%2F2259344%2FJason-and-the-Argonauts-sail-again.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110905092854/http://www.beogradskatvrdjava.co.rs/Belgrade-Fortress-history_2178-74_2176">"Belgrade Fortress history"</a>. Public Enterprise "Belgrade Fortress". Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beogradskatvrdjava.co.rs/Belgrade-Fortress-history_2178-74_2176">the original</a> on 5 September 2011. 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Retrieved 7 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Constantine+I+%E2%80%93+Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.btitle=Britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9109633%2FConstantine-I&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070813044518/http://artfl.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.25:1:283.harpers">"Philologic Results-"</a>. The ARTFL Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artfl.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.25:1:283.harpers">the original</a> on 13 August 2007. Retrieved 7 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philologic+Results-&rft.pub=The+ARTFL+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fartfl.uchicago.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fphilologic%2Fgetobject.pl%3Fc.25%3A1%3A283.harpers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">"History (Ancient Period)"</a>. Beograd.rs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216090323/http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%28Ancient+Period%29&rft.pub=Beograd.rs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beograd.rs%2Fcms%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D201172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">"City of Belgrade – Ancient Period"</a>. Beograd.rs. 5 October 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216090323/http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=201172">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2012. 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Psychology Press. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15403-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15403-1"><bdi>978-0-415-15403-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610173616/https://books.google.com/books?id=tGLN47tfT4UC&pg=PA67">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2016. 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Macmillan. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780333173114" title="Special:BookSources/9780333173114"><bdi>9780333173114</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041945/https://books.google.com/books?id=uUoeAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe%3A+a+geography+of+the+Comecon+countries&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=9780333173114&rft.au=Roy+E.+H.+Mellor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuUoeAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> Procopius, De Bello Gothico, III:34, quoted in Pohl 1997, pp. 89–90 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBury2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._B._Bury" title="J. B. Bury">Bury, J. B.</a> (2009) [1889]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wDIJNvWb48YC">History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene Vol. II</a>. New York: Cosimo Classics. p. 117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60520-405-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60520-405-5"><bdi>978-1-60520-405-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190404203221/https://books.google.com/books?id=wDIJNvWb48YC">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2019. 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II (1960) (2_151.jpg)"</a>. promacedonia.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124620/http://www.promacedonia.org/libi/2/gal/2_151.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LIBI%2C+t.+II+%281960%29+%282_151.jpg%29&rft.pub=promacedonia.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.promacedonia.org%2Flibi%2F2%2Fgal%2F2_151.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707223012/http://www.belgradenet.com/belgrade_history_ancient.html">"The History of Belgrade"</a>. Belgradenet.com. 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Samir Aslani. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788690553501" title="Special:BookSources/9788690553501"><bdi>9788690553501</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225222859/https://books.google.com/books?id=Xbg6AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA84">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2021. 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CMH Pub 104-4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090619234443/http://history.army.mil/books/wwii/balkan/intro.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+Two+the+Yugoslav+Campaign&rft.btitle=The+German+campaign+in+the+Balkans+%28Spring+1941%29&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=1986&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fbooks%2Fwwii%2Fbalkan%2F20_260_2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Taking Belgrade by bluff. 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Retrieved 10 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fDi+magazine&rft.atitle=European+Cities+of+the+Future+2006%2F07&rft.date=2006-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fdimagazine.com%2Fnews%2Ffullstory.php%2Faid%2F1543&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiloradović2006" class="citation web cs1">Miloradović, Aleksandar (1 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808143913/http://www.seeurope.net/files2/pdf/rgn0906/13_Belgrade_CityOfTheFutureInSEE.pdf">"Belgrade – City of the Future in Southern Europe"</a> (PDF). TheRegion. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seeurope.net/files2/pdf/rgn0906/13_Belgrade_CityOfTheFutureInSEE.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheRegion&rft.atitle=Belgrade+%E2%80%93+City+of+the+Future+in+Southern+Europe&rft.date=2006-09-01&rft.aulast=Miloradovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Aleksandar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seeurope.net%2Ffiles2%2Fpdf%2Frgn0906%2F13_Belgrade_CityOfTheFutureInSEE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPavić2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Milorad_Pavi%C4%87_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milorad Pavić (writer)">Pavić, Milorad</a> (2000). A Short History of Belgrade. Belgrade: Dereta. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/86-7346-117-0" title="Special:BookSources/86-7346-117-0"><bdi>86-7346-117-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+Belgrade&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Dereta&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=86-7346-117-0&rft.aulast=Pavi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milorad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTešanović2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jasmina_Te%C5%A1anovi%C4%87" title="Jasmina Tešanović">Tešanović, Jasmina</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diaryofpolitical00tesa_0">The Diary of a Political Idiot: Normal Life in Belgrade</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cleis_Press" title="Cleis Press">Cleis Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57344-114-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57344-114-7"><bdi>1-57344-114-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Diary+of+a+Political+Idiot%3A+Normal+Life+in+Belgrade&rft.pub=Cleis+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-57344-114-7&rft.aulast=Te%C5%A1anovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Jasmina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiaryofpolitical00tesa_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinsohn1995" class="citation book cs1">Levinsohn, Florence Hamlish (1995). Belgrade : among the Serbs. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56663-061-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-56663-061-4"><bdi>1-56663-061-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Belgrade+%3A+among+the+Serbs&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Ivan+R.+Dee&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-56663-061-4&rft.aulast=Levinsohn&rft.aufirst=Florence+Hamlish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaton2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Archibald_Paton" title="Andrew Archibald Paton">Paton, Andrew Archibald</a> (4 November 2005) [1845]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16999/16999-h/16999-h.htm">Servia, Youngest Member of the European Family: or, A Residence in Belgrade, and Travels in the Highlands and Woodlands of the Interior, during the years 1843 and 1844</a> (<a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> reprint ed.). London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131026083605/http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16999/16999-h/16999-h.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Servia%2C+Youngest+Member+of+the+European+Family%3A+or%2C+A+Residence+in+Belgrade%2C+and+Travels+in+the+Highlands+and+Woodlands+of+the+Interior%2C+during+the+years+1843+and+1844.&rft.place=London&rft.edition=Project+Gutenberg+reprint&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green+and+Longmans&rft.date=2005-11-04&rft.aulast=Paton&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Archibald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F16999%2F16999-h%2F16999-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorris2008" class="citation book cs1">Norris, David A (2008). Belgrade A Cultural History. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199888498" title="Special:BookSources/9780199888498"><bdi>9780199888498</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Belgrade+A+Cultural+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780199888498&rft.aulast=Norris&rft.aufirst=David+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABelgrade" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Belgrade at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" 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data-width="20" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Beograd" class="extiw" title="c:Beograd">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Belgrade" class="extiw" title="q:Belgrade">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 26px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="26" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Belgrade" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Belgrade">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Belgrade" class="extiw" title="voy:Belgrade">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beograd.rs/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><noscript><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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.nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&oldid=1259366282">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&oldid=1259366282</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 24 November 2024, at 20:07 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A0%E1%88%8D%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%AB%E1%8B%B5" title="በልግራድ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="በልግራድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلغراد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلغراد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF" title="Պելկրատ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պելկրատ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biligrad" title="Biligrad – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Biligrad" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8lgrado" title="Bèlgrado – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bèlgrado" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgr%C3%A1u" title="Belgráu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Belgráu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belyrat" title="Belyrat – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Belyrat" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belqrad" title="Belqrad – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Belqrad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلقراد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بلقراد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1" title="বেলগ্রেড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেলগ্রেড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Бялград – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бялград" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Бялград – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бялград" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="བེལ་གེ་རེ་ཌི། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བེལ་གེ་རེ་ཌི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%9Blehrad" title="Bělehrad – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bělehrad" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradu" title="Belgradu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Belgradu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%DA%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بيلڭراد – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيلڭراد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bine%CA%BC_Na%CA%BCadzi%CA%BCii%C5%82gaa%C3%AD" title="Bineʼ Naʼadziʼiiłgaaí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bineʼ Naʼadziʼiiłgaaí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%9B%C5%82ogrod" title="Běłogrod – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Běłogrod" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B9" title="Βελιγράδι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βελιγράδι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Белград ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Белград ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beogrado" title="Beogrado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Beogrado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradu" title="Belgradu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Belgradu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلگراد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بلگراد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgr%C3%A2t" title="Belgrât – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Belgrât" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9algr%C3%A1d" title="Béalgrád – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Béalgrád" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgraaid" title="Belgraaid – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Belgraaid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EC%98%A4%EA%B7%B8%EB%9D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="베오그라드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베오그라드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4" title="Բելգրադ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բելգրադ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1" title="बॅलग्रेड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बॅलग्रेड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%9B%C5%82ohr%C3%B3d" title="Běłohród – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Běłohród" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%93" title="בלגרד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בלגרד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ბელგრადი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბელგრადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8lgrad" title="Bèlgrad – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bèlgrad" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belogrado" title="Belogrado – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Belogrado" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belogradum" title="Belogradum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Belogradum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrada" title="Belgrada – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Belgrada" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradas" title="Belgradas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Belgradas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgraddo" title="Belgraddo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Belgraddo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgr%C3%A1d" title="Belgrád – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Belgrád" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ബെൽഗ്രേഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബെൽഗ്രേഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1" title="बेलग्रेड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बेलग्रेड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ბელგრადი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბელგრადი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلجراد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بلجراد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلگراد – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بلگراد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Бэоград – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Бэоград" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1" title="बेल्ग्रेड – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बेल्ग्रेड" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ベオグラード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベオグラード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਬੈਲਗ੍ਰਾਦ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੈਲਗ੍ਰਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلغراد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بلغراد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AB%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%89" title="بلګراډ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بلګراډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beogradi" title="Beogradi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Beogradi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradu" title="Belgradu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Belgradu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belehrad" title="Belehrad – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Belehrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%A3%D0%BB%D1%8A_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A_%C2%B7_%D0%A1%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%97%D0%B8" title="Бѣлъ Градъ · Срьбїи – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Бѣлъ Градъ · Срьбїи" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgaraad" title="Belgaraad – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Belgaraad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8E%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بێلگراد – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بێلگراد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Београд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Београд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="பெல்கிறேட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெல்கிறேட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="బెల్‌గ్రేడ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బెల్‌గ్రేడ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94" title="เบลเกรด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เบลเกรด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Белград – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Белград" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بلغراد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بلغراد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بېلگراد – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بېلگراد" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%92" title="貝爾格勒 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="貝爾格勒" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Belgrado" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="贝尔格莱德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="贝尔格莱德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%93" title="בעלגראד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בעלגראד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Belgrade" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%90%8A%E5%BE%B7" title="貝爾格萊德 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="貝爾格萊德" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrads" title="Belgrads – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Belgrads" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="贝尔格莱德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贝尔格莱德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8lgrado" title="Bèlgrado – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bèlgrado" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beograd" title="Beograd – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Beograd" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrad" title="Belgrad – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Belgrad" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 20:07 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> 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<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-5dbpx","wgBackendResponseTime":387,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"4.615","walltime":"5.204","ppvisitednodes":{"value":36887,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1180898,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":206085,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":27,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":77,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1167023,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 4286.160 1 -total"," 48.02% 2058.003 3 Template:Reflist"," 24.31% 1042.109 193 Template:Cite_web"," 14.12% 604.993 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 12.53% 537.064 1 Template:Infobox"," 8.12% 348.068 41 Template:Cite_book"," 6.47% 277.340 2 Template:Navboxes"," 5.17% 221.706 1 Template:Serbia_topics"," 5.09% 218.129 25 Template:Navbox"," 4.84% 207.330 1 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[\"CITEREFFriellWilliams1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGalić2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGraff1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGriffin2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGruber2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaarmann2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHawkesworth2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHerbermann1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoare2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJelena_Mitrović,_Anica_Telesković2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKosanovic1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKovach\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKovačević2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKrivokapić2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLahmeyer2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLevinsohn1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLompar2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFM._S.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManasek2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManević\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMedaković1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMikelić2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMikić2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiloradović2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitrović2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMišković2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMišković2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMortonForageBianchiniNation2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNikolov2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorris2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNurden2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOnline2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaton2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPavić2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPavkovic2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPavlić2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerić2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerlez1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPetrovićArold2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPetrovićLukićRadovanovićVujko2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopov\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrentice2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuek2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRTS2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadivojevićRehrenPernickaŠljivar2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadović2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRich1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRidley1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoy_E._H._Mellor1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRubensteinRoth2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFS._CrossS._KenteraR._VukadinovicR._Nation2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaric2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScurlock2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSerbia\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShepherd2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSherwood2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSkrozza2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTabbi2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTešanović2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTodorović2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrifunović2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUdovickiRidgeway2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVasić2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVesković2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVojvodine\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFVuković2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWolfs2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZajović2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZimonjic2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFĆorović1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFВ\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFДеретић2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFКовачевић\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 3,\n [\"Administrative divisions of Serbia\"] = 1,\n [\"As of\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Belgrade Architecture\"] = 1,\n [\"Capital cities of the European Union candidates\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation\"] = 16,\n [\"Cite CE1913\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 41,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 23,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 192,\n [\"Clear left\"] = 1,\n [\"Colend\"] = 1,\n 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