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</div> <div class="control"> <button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.16507">arXiv:2410.16507</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.16507">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2410.16507">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> How the Internet Facilitates Adverse Childhood Experiences for Youth Who Self-Identify as in Need of Services </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Oguine%2C+O+C">Ozioma C. Oguine</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J+K">Jinkyung Katie Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Olesk%2C+J">Johanna Olesk</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alluhidan%2C+A">Abdulmalik Alluhidan</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Badillo-Urquiola%2C+K">Karla Badillo-Urquiola</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.16507v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Youth implicated in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems, as well as those with an incarcerated parent, are considered the most vulnerable Children in Need of Services (CHINS). We identified 1,160 of these at-risk youth (ages 13-17) who sought support via an online peer support platform to understand their adverse childhood experiences and explore how the internet played a role in provid… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.16507v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2410.16507v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.16507v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Youth implicated in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems, as well as those with an incarcerated parent, are considered the most vulnerable Children in Need of Services (CHINS). We identified 1,160 of these at-risk youth (ages 13-17) who sought support via an online peer support platform to understand their adverse childhood experiences and explore how the internet played a role in providing an outlet for support, as well as potentially facilitating risks. We first analyzed posts from 1,160 youth who self-identified as CHINS while sharing about their adverse experiences. Then, we retrieved all 239,929 posts by these users to identify salient topics within their support-seeking posts: 1) Urges to self-harm due to social drama, 2) desire for social connection, 3) struggles with family, and 4) substance use and sexual risks. We found that the internet often helped facilitate these problems; for example, the desperation for social connection often led to meeting unsafe people online, causing additional trauma. Family members and other unsafe people used the internet to perpetrate cyberabuse, while CHINS themselves leveraged online channels to engage in illegal and risky behavior. Our study calls for tailored support systems that address the unique needs of CHINS to promote safe online spaces and foster resilience to break the cycle of adversity. Empowering CHINS requires amplifying their voices and acknowledging the challenges they face as a result of their adverse childhood experiences. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.16507v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2410.16507v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 October, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14226">arXiv:2409.14226</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.14226">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Current Trends and Future Directions for Sexual Health Conversational Agents (CAs) for Youth: A Scoping Review </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J+K">Jinkyung Katie Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Singh%2C+V">Vivek Singh</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.14226v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Conversational Agents (CAs, chatbots) are systems with the ability to interact with users using natural human dialogue. While much of the research on CAs for sexual health has focused on adult populations, the insights from such research may not apply to CAs for youth. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the state-of-the-art research on sexual health CAs for youth. Following Preferred Repo… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.14226v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.14226v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.14226v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Conversational Agents (CAs, chatbots) are systems with the ability to interact with users using natural human dialogue. While much of the research on CAs for sexual health has focused on adult populations, the insights from such research may not apply to CAs for youth. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the state-of-the-art research on sexual health CAs for youth. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we synthesized peer-reviewed studies specific to sexual health CAs designed for youth over the past 14 years. We found that most sexual health CAs were designed to adopt the persona of health professionals to provide general sexual and reproductive health information for youth. Text was the primary communication mode in all sexual health CAs, with half supporting multimedia output. Many sexual health CAs employed rule-based techniques to deliver pre-written expert knowledge on sexual health; yet most sexual health CAs did not have the safety features in place. While youth appreciated accessibility to non-judgmental and confidential conversations about sexual health topics, they perceived current sexual health CAs provided limited sexual health information that is not inclusive of sexual and/or gender minorities. Our review brings to light sexual health CAs needing further development and evaluation and we identify multiple important areas for future work. While the new trend of large language models (LLMs) based CAs can make such technologies more feasible, the privacy and safety of the systems should be prioritized. Finally, best practices for risk mitigation and ethical development of sexual health CAs with and for youth are needed. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.14226v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.14226v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">The 14th International Conference on Current and Future Trends of Information and Communication Technologies in Healthcare (ICTH 2024)</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14223">arXiv:2409.14223</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.14223">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.14223">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Collaborative Human-AI Risk Annotation: Co-Annotating Online Incivility with CHAIRA </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J+K">Jinkyung Katie Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ellezhuthil%2C+R+D">Rahul Dev Ellezhuthil</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Singh%2C+V">Vivek Singh</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.14223v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Collaborative human-AI annotation is a promising approach for various tasks with large-scale and complex data. Tools and methods to support effective human-AI collaboration for data annotation are an important direction for research. In this paper, we present CHAIRA: a Collaborative Human-AI Risk Annotation tool that enables human and AI agents to collaboratively annotate online incivility. We lev… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.14223v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.14223v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.14223v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Collaborative human-AI annotation is a promising approach for various tasks with large-scale and complex data. Tools and methods to support effective human-AI collaboration for data annotation are an important direction for research. In this paper, we present CHAIRA: a Collaborative Human-AI Risk Annotation tool that enables human and AI agents to collaboratively annotate online incivility. We leveraged Large Language Models (LLMs) to facilitate the interaction between human and AI annotators and examine four different prompting strategies. The developed CHAIRA system combines multiple prompting approaches with human-AI collaboration for online incivility data annotation. We evaluated CHAIRA on 457 user comments with ground truth labels based on the inter-rater agreement between human and AI coders. We found that the most collaborative prompt supported a high level of agreement between a human agent and AI, comparable to that of two human coders. While the AI missed some implicit incivility that human coders easily identified, it also spotted politically nuanced incivility that human coders overlooked. Our study reveals the benefits and challenges of using AI agents for incivility annotation and provides design implications and best practices for human-AI collaboration in subjective data annotation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.14223v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.14223v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.02364">arXiv:2409.02364</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.02364">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.02364">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Examining Caregiving Roles to Differentiate the Effects of Using a Mobile App for Community Oversight for Privacy and Security </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02364v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We conducted a 4-week field study with 101 smartphone users who self-organized into 22 small groups of family, friends, and neighbors to use ``CO-oPS,'' a mobile app for co-managing mobile privacy and security. We differentiated between those who provided oversight (i.e., caregivers) and those who did not (i.e., caregivees) to examine differential effects on their experiences and behaviors while u… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02364v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.02364v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02364v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We conducted a 4-week field study with 101 smartphone users who self-organized into 22 small groups of family, friends, and neighbors to use ``CO-oPS,'' a mobile app for co-managing mobile privacy and security. We differentiated between those who provided oversight (i.e., caregivers) and those who did not (i.e., caregivees) to examine differential effects on their experiences and behaviors while using CO-oPS. Caregivers reported higher power use, community trust, belonging, collective efficacy, and self-efficacy than caregivees. Both groups' self-efficacy and collective efficacy for mobile privacy and security increased after using CO-oPS. However, this increase was significantly stronger for caregivees. Our research demonstrates how community-based approaches can benefit people who need additional help managing their digital privacy and security. We provide recommendations to support community-based oversight for managing privacy and security within communities of different roles and skills. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02364v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.02364v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2025 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.02358">arXiv:2409.02358</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.02358">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.02358">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3686961">10.1145/3686961 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Teen Talk: The Good, the Bad, and the Neutral of Adolescent Social Media Use </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alluhidan%2C+A">Abdulmalik Alluhidan</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alsoubai%2C+A">Ashwaq Alsoubai</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J">Jinkyung Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02358v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The debate on whether social media has a net positive or negative effect on youth is ongoing. Therefore, we conducted a thematic analysis on 2,061 posts made by 1,038 adolescents aged 15-17 on an online peer-support platform to investigate the ways in which these teens discussed popular social media platforms in their posts and to identify differences in their experiences across platforms. Our fin… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02358v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.02358v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02358v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The debate on whether social media has a net positive or negative effect on youth is ongoing. Therefore, we conducted a thematic analysis on 2,061 posts made by 1,038 adolescents aged 15-17 on an online peer-support platform to investigate the ways in which these teens discussed popular social media platforms in their posts and to identify differences in their experiences across platforms. Our findings revealed four main emergent themes for the ways in which social media was discussed: 1) Sharing negative experiences or outcomes of social media use (58%, n = 1,095), 2) Attempts to connect with others (45%, n = 922), 3) Highlighting the positive side of social media use (20%, n = 409), and 4) Seeking information (20%, n = 491). Overall, while sharing about negative experiences was more prominent, teens also discussed balanced perspectives of connection-seeking, positive experiences, and information support on social media that should not be discounted. Moreover, we found statistical significance for how these experiences differed across social media platforms. For instance, teens were most likely to seek romantic relationships on Snapchat and self-promote on YouTube. Meanwhile, Instagram was mentioned most frequently for body shaming, and Facebook was the most commonly discussed platform for privacy violations (mostly from parents). The key takeaway from our study is that the benefits and drawbacks of teens' social media usage can co-exist and net effects (positive or negative) can vary across different teens across various contexts. As such, we advocate for mitigating the negative experiences and outcomes of social media use as voiced by teens, to improve, rather than limit or restrict, their overall social media experience. We do this by taking an affordance perspective that aims to promote the digital well-being and online safety of youth "by design." <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02358v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.02358v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">36 pages</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.11837">arXiv:2408.11837</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2408.11837">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2408.11837">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Signal Processing">eess.SP</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> MicroXercise: A Micro-Level Comparative and Explainable System for Remote Physical Therapy </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+H+D">Hanchen David Wang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Khan%2C+N">Nibraas Khan</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+A">Anna Chen</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Sarkar%2C+N">Nilanjan Sarkar</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ma%2C+M">Meiyi Ma</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2408.11837v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Recent global estimates suggest that as many as 2.41 billion individuals have health conditions that would benefit from rehabilitation services. Home-based Physical Therapy (PT) faces significant challenges in providing interactive feedback and meaningful observation for therapists and patients. To fill this gap, we present MicroXercise, which integrates micro-motion analysis with wearable sensors… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2408.11837v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2408.11837v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2408.11837v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Recent global estimates suggest that as many as 2.41 billion individuals have health conditions that would benefit from rehabilitation services. Home-based Physical Therapy (PT) faces significant challenges in providing interactive feedback and meaningful observation for therapists and patients. To fill this gap, we present MicroXercise, which integrates micro-motion analysis with wearable sensors, providing therapists and patients with a comprehensive feedback interface, including video, text, and scores. Crucially, it employs multi-dimensional Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and attribution-based explainable methods to analyze the existing deep learning neural networks in monitoring exercises, focusing on a high granularity of exercise. This synergistic approach is pivotal, providing output matching the input size to precisely highlight critical subtleties and movements in PT, thus transforming complex AI analysis into clear, actionable feedback. By highlighting these micro-motions in different metrics, such as stability and range of motion, MicroXercise significantly enhances the understanding and relevance of feedback for end-users. Comparative performance metrics underscore its effectiveness over traditional methods, such as a 39% and 42% improvement in Feature Mutual Information (FMI) and Continuity. MicroXercise is a step ahead in home-based physical therapy, providing a technologically advanced and intuitively helpful solution to enhance patient care and outcomes. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2408.11837v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2408.11837v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 6 August, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Accepted by IEEE/ACM CHASE 2024</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.13154">arXiv:2405.13154</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.13154">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2405.13154">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Generating A Crowdsourced Conversation Dataset to Combat Cybergrooming </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+X">Xinyi Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P+J">Pamela J. Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Cho%2C+J">Jin-hee Cho</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+L">Lifu Huang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lee%2C+S+W">Sang Won Lee</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.13154v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Cybergrooming emerges as a growing threat to adolescent safety and mental health. One way to combat cybergrooming is to leverage predictive artificial intelligence (AI) to detect predatory behaviors in social media. However, these methods can encounter challenges like false positives and negative implications such as privacy concerns. Another complementary strategy involves using generative artifi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.13154v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2405.13154v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.13154v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Cybergrooming emerges as a growing threat to adolescent safety and mental health. One way to combat cybergrooming is to leverage predictive artificial intelligence (AI) to detect predatory behaviors in social media. However, these methods can encounter challenges like false positives and negative implications such as privacy concerns. Another complementary strategy involves using generative artificial intelligence to empower adolescents by educating them about predatory behaviors. To this end, we envision developing state-of-the-art conversational agents to simulate the conversations between adolescents and predators for educational purposes. Yet, one key challenge is the lack of a dataset to train such conversational agents. In this position paper, we present our motivation for empowering adolescents to cope with cybergrooming. We propose to develop large-scale, authentic datasets through an online survey targeting adolescents and parents. We discuss some initial background behind our motivation and proposed design of the survey, such as situating the participants in artificial cybergrooming scenarios, then allowing participants to respond to the survey to obtain their authentic responses. We also present several open questions related to our proposed approach and hope to discuss them with the workshop attendees. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.13154v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2405.13154v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.10258">arXiv:2404.10258</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.10258">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2404.10258">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> CO-oPS: A Mobile App for Community Oversight of Privacy and Security </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+L">Leena Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Gillespie%2C+D">Dylan Gillespie</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Miazi%2C+N">Nazmus Miazi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.10258v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Smartphone users install numerous mobile apps that require access to different information from their devices. Much of this information is very sensitive, and users often struggle to manage these accesses due to their lack of tech expertise and knowledge regarding mobile privacy. Thus, they often seek help from others to make decisions regarding their mobile privacy and security. We embedded these… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.10258v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.10258v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.10258v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Smartphone users install numerous mobile apps that require access to different information from their devices. Much of this information is very sensitive, and users often struggle to manage these accesses due to their lack of tech expertise and knowledge regarding mobile privacy. Thus, they often seek help from others to make decisions regarding their mobile privacy and security. We embedded these social processes in a mobile app titled "CO-oPS'' ("Community Oversight for Privacy and Security"). CO-oPS allows trusted community members to review one another's apps installed and permissions granted to those apps. Community members can provide feedback to one another regarding their privacy behaviors. Users are also allowed to hide some of their mobile apps that they do not like others to see, ensuring their personal privacy. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.10258v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.10258v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.07926">arXiv:2404.07926</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.07926">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/2404.07926">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2404.07926">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to Support Collaborative Human-AI Online Risk Data Annotation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J">Jinkyung Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Singh%2C+V">Vivek Singh</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.07926v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this position paper, we discuss the potential for leveraging LLMs as interactive research tools to facilitate collaboration between human coders and AI to effectively annotate online risk data at scale. Collaborative human-AI labeling is a promising approach to annotating large-scale and complex data for various tasks. Yet, tools and methods to support effective human-AI collaboration for data… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.07926v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.07926v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.07926v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this position paper, we discuss the potential for leveraging LLMs as interactive research tools to facilitate collaboration between human coders and AI to effectively annotate online risk data at scale. Collaborative human-AI labeling is a promising approach to annotating large-scale and complex data for various tasks. Yet, tools and methods to support effective human-AI collaboration for data annotation are under-studied. This gap is pertinent because co-labeling tasks need to support a two-way interactive discussion that can add nuance and context, particularly in the context of online risk, which is highly subjective and contextualized. Therefore, we provide some of the early benefits and challenges of using LLMs-based tools for risk annotation and suggest future directions for the HCI research community to leverage LLMs as research tools to facilitate human-AI collaboration in contextualized online data annotation. Our research interests align very well with the purposes of the LLMs as Research Tools workshop to identify ongoing applications and challenges of using LLMs to work with data in HCI research. We anticipate learning valuable insights from organizers and participants into how LLMs can help reshape the HCI community's methods for working with data. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.07926v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.07926v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">This paper has been peer-reviewed and presented at the "CHI 2024 Workshop on LLMs as Research Tools: Applications and Evaluations in HCI Data Work, May 12, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA."</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03165">arXiv:2404.03165</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.03165">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/2404.03165">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2404.03165">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Towards Collaborative Family-Centered Design for Online Safety, Privacy and Security </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Agha%2C+Z">Zainab Agha</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alsoubai%2C+A">Ashwaq Alsoubai</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ali%2C+N">Naima Ali</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.03165v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Traditional online safety technologies often overly restrict teens and invade their privacy, while parents often lack knowledge regarding their digital privacy. As such, prior researchers have called for more collaborative approaches on adolescent online safety and networked privacy. In this paper, we propose family-centered approaches to foster parent-teen collaboration in ensuring their mobile p… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.03165v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.03165v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.03165v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Traditional online safety technologies often overly restrict teens and invade their privacy, while parents often lack knowledge regarding their digital privacy. As such, prior researchers have called for more collaborative approaches on adolescent online safety and networked privacy. In this paper, we propose family-centered approaches to foster parent-teen collaboration in ensuring their mobile privacy and online safety while respecting individual privacy, to enhance open discussion and teens' self-regulation. However, challenges such as power imbalances and conflicts with family values arise when implementing such approaches, making parent-teen collaboration difficult. Therefore, attending the family-centered design workshop will provide an invaluable opportunity for us to discuss these challenges and identify best research practices for the future of collaborative online safety and privacy within families. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.03165v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.03165v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 3 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03023">arXiv:2404.03023</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.03023">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/2404.03023">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2404.03023">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Toward Safe Evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Conversational Agents to Support Adolescent Mental and Sexual Health Knowledge Discovery </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+J">Jinkyung Park</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Singh%2C+V">Vivek Singh</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.03023v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Following the recent release of various Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Conversation Agents (CAs), adolescents are increasingly using CAs for interactive knowledge discovery on sensitive topics, including mental and sexual health topics. Exploring such sensitive topics through online search has been an essential part of adolescent development, and CAs can support their knowledge discovery on su… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.03023v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.03023v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.03023v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Following the recent release of various Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Conversation Agents (CAs), adolescents are increasingly using CAs for interactive knowledge discovery on sensitive topics, including mental and sexual health topics. Exploring such sensitive topics through online search has been an essential part of adolescent development, and CAs can support their knowledge discovery on such topics through human-like dialogues. Yet, unintended risks have been documented with adolescents' interactions with AI-based CAs, such as being exposed to inappropriate content, false information, and/or being given advice that is detrimental to their mental and physical well-being (e.g., to self-harm). In this position paper, we discuss the current landscape and opportunities for CAs to support adolescents' mental and sexual health knowledge discovery. We also discuss some of the challenges related to ensuring the safety of adolescents when interacting with CAs regarding sexual and mental health topics. We call for a discourse on how to set guardrails for the safe evolution of AI-based CAs for adolescents. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.03023v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.03023v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">This paper has been peer-reviewed and presented at the "CHI 2024 Workshop on Child-centred AI Design, May 11, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA."</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.12541">arXiv:2402.12541</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.12541">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2402.12541">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Information Retrieval">cs.IR</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Leveraging Opposite Gender Interaction Ratio as a Path towards Fairness in Online Dating Recommendations Based on User Sexual Orientation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+Y">Yuying Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yu Wang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+Y">Yi Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Aggarwal%2C+C">Charu Aggarwal</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Derr%2C+T">Tyler Derr</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.12541v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Online dating platforms have gained widespread popularity as a means for individuals to seek potential romantic relationships. While recommender systems have been designed to improve the user experience in dating platforms by providing personalized recommendations, increasing concerns about fairness have encouraged the development of fairness-aware recommender systems from various perspectives (e.… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.12541v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.12541v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.12541v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Online dating platforms have gained widespread popularity as a means for individuals to seek potential romantic relationships. While recommender systems have been designed to improve the user experience in dating platforms by providing personalized recommendations, increasing concerns about fairness have encouraged the development of fairness-aware recommender systems from various perspectives (e.g., gender and race). However, sexual orientation, which plays a significant role in finding a satisfying relationship, is under-investigated. To fill this crucial gap, we propose a novel metric, Opposite Gender Interaction Ratio (OGIR), as a way to investigate potential unfairness for users with varying preferences towards the opposite gender. We empirically analyze a real online dating dataset and observe existing recommender algorithms could suffer from group unfairness according to OGIR. We further investigate the potential causes for such gaps in recommendation quality, which lead to the challenges of group quantity imbalance and group calibration imbalance. Ultimately, we propose a fair recommender system based on re-weighting and re-ranking strategies to respectively mitigate these associated imbalance challenges. Experimental results demonstrate both strategies improve fairness while their combination achieves the best performance towards maintaining model utility while improving fairness. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.12541v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.12541v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 19 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Accepted by AAAI 2024</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.08974">arXiv:2402.08974</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.08974">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2402.08974">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642509">10.1145/3613904.3642509 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Examining the Unique Online Risk Experiences and Mental Health Outcomes of LGBTQ+ versus Heterosexual Youth </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Tanni%2C+T">Tangila Tanni</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+J">Joshua Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Amon%2C+M">Mary Amon</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.08974v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We collected and analyzed Instagram direct messages (DMs) from 173 youth aged 13-21 (including 86 LGBTQ+ youth). We examined youth's risk-flagged social media trace data with their self-reported mental health outcomes to examine how the differing online experiences of LGBTQ+ youth compare with their heterosexual counterparts. We found that LGBTQ+ youth experienced significantly more high-risk onli… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.08974v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.08974v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.08974v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We collected and analyzed Instagram direct messages (DMs) from 173 youth aged 13-21 (including 86 LGBTQ+ youth). We examined youth's risk-flagged social media trace data with their self-reported mental health outcomes to examine how the differing online experiences of LGBTQ+ youth compare with their heterosexual counterparts. We found that LGBTQ+ youth experienced significantly more high-risk online interactions compared to heterosexual youth. LGBTQ+ youth reported overall poorer mental health, with online harassment specifically amplifying Self-Harm and Injury. LGBTQ+ youth's mental well-being linked positively to sexual messages, unlike heterosexual youth. Qualitatively, we found that most of the risk-flagged messages of LGBTQ+ youth were sexually motivated; however, a silver lining was that they sought support for their sexual identity from peers on the platform. The study highlights the importance of tailored online safety and inclusive design for LGBTQ+ youth, with implications for CHI community advancements in fostering a supportive online environments. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.08974v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.08974v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.06275">arXiv:2311.06275</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.06275">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Algorithmic Robustness </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Jensen%2C+D">David Jensen</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=LaMacchia%2C+B">Brian LaMacchia</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Topcu%2C+U">Ufuk Topcu</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.06275v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Algorithmic robustness refers to the sustained performance of a computational system in the face of change in the nature of the environment in which that system operates or in the task that the system is meant to perform. Below, we motivate the importance of algorithmic robustness, present a conceptual framework, and highlight the relevant areas of research for which algorithmic robustness is rele… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.06275v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.06275v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.06275v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Algorithmic robustness refers to the sustained performance of a computational system in the face of change in the nature of the environment in which that system operates or in the task that the system is meant to perform. Below, we motivate the importance of algorithmic robustness, present a conceptual framework, and highlight the relevant areas of research for which algorithmic robustness is relevant. Why robustness? Robustness is an important enabler of other goals that are frequently cited in the context of public policy decisions about computational systems, including trustworthiness, accountability, fairness, and safety. Despite this dependence, it tends to be under-recognized compared to these other concepts. This is unfortunate, because robustness is often more immediately achievable than these other ultimate goals, which can be more subjective and exacting. Thus, we highlight robustness as an important goal for researchers, engineers, regulators, and policymakers when considering the design, implementation, and deployment of computational systems. We urge researchers and practitioners to elevate the attention paid to robustness when designing and evaluating computational systems. For many key systems, the immediate question after any demonstration of high performance should be: "How robust is that performance to realistic changes in the task or environment?" Greater robustness will set the stage for systems that are more trustworthy, accountable, fair, and safe. Toward that end, this document provides a brief roadmap to some of the concepts and existing research around the idea of algorithmic robustness. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.06275v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.06275v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 17 October, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03830">arXiv:2310.03830</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.03830">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Older and younger adults are influenced differently by dark pattern designs </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Anaraky%2C+R+G">Reza Ghaiumy Anaraky</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lowens%2C+B">Byron Lowens</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yao Li</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Byrne%2C+K+A">Kaileigh A. Byrne</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Risius%2C+M">Marten Risius</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Page%2C+X">Xinru Page</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Soleimani%2C+M">Masoumeh Soleimani</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Soltani%2C+M">Morteza Soltani</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Knijnenburg%2C+B">Bart Knijnenburg</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2310.03830v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Considering that prior research has found older users undergo a different privacy decision-making process compared to younger adults, more research is needed to inform the behavioral privacy disclosure effects of these strategies for different age groups. To address this gap, we used an existing dataset of an experiment with a photo-tagging Facebook application. This experiment had a 2x2x5 between… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2310.03830v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2310.03830v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2310.03830v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Considering that prior research has found older users undergo a different privacy decision-making process compared to younger adults, more research is needed to inform the behavioral privacy disclosure effects of these strategies for different age groups. To address this gap, we used an existing dataset of an experiment with a photo-tagging Facebook application. This experiment had a 2x2x5 between-subjects design where the manipulations were common dark pattern design strategies: framing (positive vs. negative), privacy defaults (opt-in vs. opt-out), and justification messages (positive normative, negative normative, positive rationale, negative rationale, none). We compared older (above 65 years old, N=44) and young adults (18 to 25 years old, N=162) privacy concerns and disclosure behaviors (i.e., accepting or refusing automated photo tagging) in the scope of dark pattern design. Overall, we find support for the effectiveness of dark pattern designs in the sense that positive framing and opt-out privacy defaults significantly increased disclosure behavior, while negative justification messages significantly decreased privacy concerns. Regarding older adults, our results show that certain dark patterns do lead to more disclosure than for younger adults, but also to increased privacy concerns for older adults than for younger. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2310.03830v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2310.03830v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 October, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.02289">arXiv:2306.02289</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.02289">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2306.02289">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Evaluating the Impact of Community Oversight for Managing Mobile Privacy and Security </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Tabassum%2C+M">Madiha Tabassum</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Miazi%2C+N+S">Nazmus Sakib Miazi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+L">Leena Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2306.02289v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Mobile privacy and security can be a collaborative process where individuals seek advice and help from their trusted communities. To support such collective privacy and security management, we developed a mobile app for Community Oversight of Privacy and Security ("CO-oPS") that allows community members to review one another's apps installed and permissions granted to provide feedback. We conducte… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2306.02289v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2306.02289v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2306.02289v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Mobile privacy and security can be a collaborative process where individuals seek advice and help from their trusted communities. To support such collective privacy and security management, we developed a mobile app for Community Oversight of Privacy and Security ("CO-oPS") that allows community members to review one another's apps installed and permissions granted to provide feedback. We conducted a four-week-long field study with 22 communities (101 participants) of friends, families, or co-workers who installed the CO-oPS app on their phones. Measures of transparency, trust, and awareness of one another's mobile privacy and security behaviors, along with individual and community participation in mobile privacy and security co-management, increased from pre- to post-study. Interview findings confirmed that the app features supported collective considerations of apps and permissions. However, participants expressed a range of concerns regarding having community members with different levels of technical expertise and knowledge regarding mobile privacy and security that can impact motivation to participate and perform oversight. Our study demonstrates the potential and challenges of community oversight mechanisms to support communities to co-manage mobile privacy and security. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2306.02289v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2306.02289v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 4 June, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">20 pages; The Nineteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2023)</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.02287">arXiv:2306.02287</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.02287">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2306.02287">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3585904">10.1145/3544549.3585904 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> It Takes a Village: A Case for Including Extended Family Members in the Joint Oversight of Family-based Privacy and Security for Mobile Smartphones </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+L">Leena Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2306.02287v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We conducted a user study with 19 parent-teen dyads to understand the perceived benefits and drawbacks of using a mobile app that allows them to co-manage mobile privacy, safety, and security within their families. While the primary goal of the study was to understand the use case as it pertained to parents and teens, an emerging finding from our study was that participants found value in extendin… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2306.02287v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2306.02287v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2306.02287v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We conducted a user study with 19 parent-teen dyads to understand the perceived benefits and drawbacks of using a mobile app that allows them to co-manage mobile privacy, safety, and security within their families. While the primary goal of the study was to understand the use case as it pertained to parents and teens, an emerging finding from our study was that participants found value in extending app use to other family members (siblings, cousins, and grandparents). Participants felt that it would help bring the necessary expertise into their immediate family network and help protect the older adults and children of the family from privacy and security risks. However, participants expressed that co-monitoring by extended family members might cause tensions in their families, creating interpersonal conflicts. To alleviate these concerns, participants suggested more control over the privacy features to facilitate sharing their installed apps with only trusted family members. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2306.02287v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2306.02287v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 4 June, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.06652">arXiv:2301.06652</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.06652">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2301.06652">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Co-designing Community-based Sharing of Smarthome Devices for the Purpose of Co-monitoring In-home Emergencies </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+L">Leena Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2301.06652v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We conducted 26 co-design interviews with 50 smarthome device owners to understand the perceived benefits, drawbacks, and design considerations for developing a smarthome system that facilitates co-monitoring with emergency contacts who live outside of one's home. Participants felt that such a system would help ensure their personal safety, safeguard from material loss, and give them peace of mind… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2301.06652v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2301.06652v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2301.06652v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We conducted 26 co-design interviews with 50 smarthome device owners to understand the perceived benefits, drawbacks, and design considerations for developing a smarthome system that facilitates co-monitoring with emergency contacts who live outside of one's home. Participants felt that such a system would help ensure their personal safety, safeguard from material loss, and give them peace of mind by ensuring quick response and verifying potential threats. However, they also expressed concerns regarding privacy, overburdening others, and other potential threats, such as unauthorized access and security breaches. To alleviate these concerns, participants designed for flexible and granular access control and fail-safe back-up features. Our study reveals why peer-based co-monitoring of smarthomes for emergencies may be beneficial but also difficult to implement. Based on the insights gained from our study, we provide recommendations for designing technologies that facilitate such co-monitoring while mitigating its risks. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2301.06652v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2301.06652v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 January, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">21 pages</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07751">arXiv:2204.07751</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.07751">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2204.07751">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A User Study to Evaluate a Web-based Prototype for Smart Home Internet of Things Device Management </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+L">Leena Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alsoubai%2C+A">Ashwaq Alsoubai</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Alghamdi%2C+F">Faisal Alghamdi</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2204.07751v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> With the growing advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT device management platforms are becoming increasingly important. We conducted a web-based survey and usability study with 43 participants who use IoT devices frequently to: 1) examine their smart home IoT usage patterns and privacy preferences, and 2) evaluate a web-based prototype for smart home IoT device management. We fo… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2204.07751v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2204.07751v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2204.07751v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> With the growing advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT device management platforms are becoming increasingly important. We conducted a web-based survey and usability study with 43 participants who use IoT devices frequently to: 1) examine their smart home IoT usage patterns and privacy preferences, and 2) evaluate a web-based prototype for smart home IoT device management. We found that participants perceived privacy as more important than the convenience afforded by the IoT devices. Based on their average scores of privacy vs. convenience importance, participants with low privacy and low convenience significantly reported less privacy control and convenience preferences than participants with high privacy and high convenience. Overall, all participants were satisfied with the proposed website prototype and their actual usability evaluation demonstrated a good understanding of the website features. This paper provides an empirical examination of the privacy versus convenience trade-offs smart home users make when managing their IoT devices. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2204.07751v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2204.07751v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 April, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2022. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07749">arXiv:2204.07749</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.07749">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2204.07749">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3512904">10.1145/3512904 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> From Parental Control to Joint Family Oversight: Can Parents and Teens Manage Mobile Online Safety and Privacy as Equals? </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Akter%2C+M">Mamtaj Akter</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Godfrey%2C+A">Amy Godfrey</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kropczynski%2C+J">Jess Kropczynski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lipford%2C+H">Heather Lipford</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2204.07749v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Our research aims to highlight and alleviate the complex tensions around online safety, privacy, and smartphone usage in families so that parents and teens can work together to better manage mobile privacy and security-related risks. We developed a mobile application ("app") for Community Oversight of Privacy and Security ("CO-oPS") and had parents and teens assess whether it would be applicable f… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2204.07749v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2204.07749v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2204.07749v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Our research aims to highlight and alleviate the complex tensions around online safety, privacy, and smartphone usage in families so that parents and teens can work together to better manage mobile privacy and security-related risks. We developed a mobile application ("app") for Community Oversight of Privacy and Security ("CO-oPS") and had parents and teens assess whether it would be applicable for use with their families. CO-oPS is an Android app that allows a group of users to co-monitor the apps installed on one another's devices and the privacy permissions granted to those apps. We conducted a study with 19 parent-teen (ages 13-17) pairs to understand how they currently managed mobile safety and app privacy within their family and then had them install, use, and evaluate the CO-oPS app. We found that both parents and teens gave little consideration to online safety and privacy before installing new apps or granting privacy permissions. When using CO-oPS, participants liked how the app increased transparency into one another's devices in a way that facilitated communication, but were less inclined to use features for in-app messaging or to hide apps from one another. Key themes related to power imbalances between parents and teens surfaced that made co-management challenging. Parents were more open to collaborative oversight than teens, who felt that it was not their place to monitor their parents, even though both often believed parents lacked the technological expertise to monitor themselves. Our study sheds light on why collaborative practices for managing online safety and privacy within families may be beneficial but also quite difficult to implement in practice. We provide recommendations for overcoming these challenges based on the insights gained from our study. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2204.07749v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2204.07749v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 April, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2022. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.03487">arXiv:2107.03487</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.03487">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2107.03487">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Framework of High-Stakes Algorithmic Decision-Making for the Public Sector Developed through a Case Study of Child-Welfare </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Saxena%2C+D">Devansh Saxena</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Badillo-Urquiola%2C+K">Karla Badillo-Urquiola</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P">Pamela Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Guha%2C+S">Shion Guha</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2107.03487v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Algorithms have permeated throughout civil government and society, where they are being used to make high-stakes decisions about human lives. In this paper, we first develop a cohesive framework of algorithmic decision-making adapted for the public sector (ADMAPS) that reflects the complex socio-technical interactions between \textit{human discretion}, \textit{bureaucratic processes}, and \textit{… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2107.03487v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2107.03487v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2107.03487v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Algorithms have permeated throughout civil government and society, where they are being used to make high-stakes decisions about human lives. In this paper, we first develop a cohesive framework of algorithmic decision-making adapted for the public sector (ADMAPS) that reflects the complex socio-technical interactions between \textit{human discretion}, \textit{bureaucratic processes}, and \textit{algorithmic decision-making} by synthesizing disparate bodies of work in the fields of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Science and Technology Studies (STS), and Public Administration (PA). We then applied the ADMAPS framework to conduct a qualitative analysis of an in-depth, eight-month ethnographic case study of the algorithms in daily use within a child-welfare agency that serves approximately 900 families and 1300 children in the mid-western United States. Overall, we found there is a need to focus on strength-based algorithmic outcomes centered in social ecological frameworks. In addition, algorithmic systems need to support existing bureaucratic processes and augment human discretion, rather than replace it. Finally, collective buy-in in algorithmic systems requires trust in the target outcomes at both the practitioner and bureaucratic levels. As a result of our study, we propose guidelines for the design of high-stakes algorithmic decision-making tools in the child-welfare system, and more generally, in the public sector. We empirically validate the theoretically derived ADMAPS framework to demonstrate how it can be useful for systematically making pragmatic decisions about the design of algorithms for the public sector. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2107.03487v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2107.03487v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 12 October, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 7 July, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.03541">arXiv:2003.03541</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.03541">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2003.03541">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Human-Computer Interaction">cs.HC</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Human-Centered Review of the Algorithms used within the U.S. Child Welfare System </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Saxena%2C+D">Devansh Saxena</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Badillo-Urquiola%2C+K">Karla Badillo-Urquiola</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wisniewski%2C+P+J">Pamela J. Wisniewski</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Guha%2C+S">Shion Guha</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2003.03541v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The U.S. Child Welfare System (CWS) is charged with improving outcomes for foster youth; yet, they are overburdened and underfunded. To overcome this limitation, several states have turned towards algorithmic decision-making systems to reduce costs and determine better processes for improving CWS outcomes. Using a human-centered algorithmic design approach, we synthesize 50 peer-reviewed publicati… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2003.03541v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2003.03541v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2003.03541v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The U.S. Child Welfare System (CWS) is charged with improving outcomes for foster youth; yet, they are overburdened and underfunded. To overcome this limitation, several states have turned towards algorithmic decision-making systems to reduce costs and determine better processes for improving CWS outcomes. Using a human-centered algorithmic design approach, we synthesize 50 peer-reviewed publications on computational systems used in CWS to assess how they were being developed, common characteristics of predictors used, as well as the target outcomes. We found that most of the literature has focused on risk assessment models but does not consider theoretical approaches (e.g., child-foster parent matching) nor the perspectives of caseworkers (e.g., case notes). Therefore, future algorithms should strive to be context-aware and theoretically robust by incorporating salient factors identified by past research. We provide the HCI community with research avenues for developing human-centered algorithms that redirect attention towards more equitable outcomes for CWS. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2003.03541v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2003.03541v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 7 March, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2020. </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul 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