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This approach is not only based on the information on calendar rituals given by Bernardino de Sahagún, Diego Durán, and in other available historical sources from the decades immediately following the Spanish Conquest, it is also inherited from nineteenth-century authors studying European folklore and Indo-European philology. As part of what is known in German as Naturmythologische Schule,“School of Nature-Mythology,” scholars like Wilhelm Mannhardt (1868, 1875, 1877) and Friedrich Max Müller (1879, 1907) focused on what they considered pagan or polytheistic tribal religions of Early Europe, in which, according to their analyses, elements or forces of nature were (first) personified and (then) ritually enacted...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Johannes Neurath","url":"https://inah.academia.edu/JohannesNeurath"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-05-03","dateModified":"2025-01-31","datePublished":"2020-01-01","headline":"2020 Beyond Nature and Mythology: Relational Complexity in Contemporary and Ancient Mesoamerican Rituals.","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66801808/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Ritual Theory","Mesoamerican Religion","Polytheism","Aztecas","Aztec Art, Religion, \u0026 Politics before and after the 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This approach is not only based on the information on calendar rituals given by Bernardino de Sahagún, Diego Durán, and in other available historical sources from the decades immediately following the Spanish Conquest, it is also inherited from nineteenth-century authors studying European folklore and Indo-European philology. As part of what is known in German as Naturmythologische Schule,“School of Nature-Mythology,” scholars like Wilhelm Mannhardt (1868, 1875, 1877) and Friedrich Max Müller (1879, 1907) focused on what they considered\npagan or polytheistic tribal religions of Early Europe, in which, according to their analyses, elements or forces of nature were (first) personified and (then) ritually enacted...","ai_title_tag":"Mesoamerican Rituals: Nature and Mythology","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"Mesoamerican Rituals and the Solar Cycle New Perspectives on the Veintena Festivals"},"document_type":"book","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"2020 Beyond Nature and Mythology: Relational Complexity in Contemporary and Ancient Mesoamerican Rituals.","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [2458037]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":66801808,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “2020 Beyond Nature and Mythology: Relational Complexity in Contemporary and Ancient Mesoamerican Rituals.”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/66801808/mini_magick20210503-29537-w31lei.png?1620057184" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">2020 Beyond Nature and Mythology: Relational Complexity in Contemporary and Ancient Mesoamerican Rituals.</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2458037" href="https://inah.academia.edu/JohannesNeurath"><img alt="Profile image of Johannes Neurath" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2458037/796245/35845275/s65_johannes.neurath.jpg" />Johannes Neurath</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, Mesoamerican Rituals and the Solar Cycle New Perspectives on the Veintena Festivals</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">76 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 47923046; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Ever since studies on Aztec veintena festivals and similar ritual cycles of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica began to be published in the late nineteenth century, it has been assumed that these ceremonies were closely related to the agricultural cycle. This approach is not only based on the information on calendar rituals given by Bernardino de Sahagún, Diego Durán, and in other available historical sources from the decades immediately following the Spanish Conquest, it is also inherited from nineteenth-century authors studying European folklore and Indo-European philology. As part of what is known in German as Naturmythologische Schule,“School of Nature-Mythology,” scholars like Wilhelm Mannhardt (1868, 1875, 1877) and Friedrich Max Müller (1879, 1907) focused on what they considered pagan or polytheistic tribal religions of Early Europe, in which, according to their analyses, elements or forces of nature were (first) personified and (then) ritually enacted...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":66801808,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/47923046/2020_Beyond_Nature_and_Mythology_Relational_Complexity_in_Contemporary_and_Ancient_Mesoamerican_Rituals"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":66801808,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/47923046/2020_Beyond_Nature_and_Mythology_Relational_Complexity_in_Contemporary_and_Ancient_Mesoamerican_Rituals"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="47923046" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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New Perspectives on the Veintena Festivals. New York: Peter Lang, 2021</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9584617" href="https://unam.academia.edu/%C3%89LODIEDUPEYGARCIA">ELODIE DUPEY</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5168125" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/ElenaMazzetto">Elena Mazzetto</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This book explores a seminal topic concerning the Mesoamerican past: the religious festivals that took place during the eighteen periods of twenty days, or veintenas, into which the solar year was divided. Pre-Columbian societies celebrated these festivals through complex rituals, which involved the priests and gods themselves, embodied in diverse beings and artifacts. 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Christian Wells and Karla L. Davis-Salazar</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6101667" href="https://usf.academia.edu/ChristianWells">Christian Wells</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Historian, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mesoamerican Ritual Economy: Archaeological and Ethnological Perspectives â Edited by E. Christian Wells and Karla L. 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Christian Wells and Karla L. Davis-Salazar</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6101667" href="https://usf.academia.edu/ChristianWells">Christian Wells</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Anthropologist, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mesoamerican Ritual Economy: Archaeological and Ethnological Perspectives edited by E. Christian Wells and Karla L. Davis-Salazar","attachmentId":49640159,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4757885/Mesoamerican_Ritual_Economy_Archaeological_and_Ethnological_Perspectives_edited_by_E_Christian_Wells_and_Karla_L_Davis_Salazar","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4757885/Mesoamerican_Ritual_Economy_Archaeological_and_Ethnological_Perspectives_edited_by_E_Christian_Wells_and_Karla_L_Davis_Salazar"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="720191" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/720191/2004_The_coevolution_of_ritual_and_society_New_14C_dates_from_ancient_Mexico_Joyce_Marcus_and_Kent_V_Flannery_Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_101_52_18257_18261_Dec_28_issue_">2004 The coevolution of ritual and society: New 14C dates from ancient Mexico (Joyce Marcus and Kent V. Flannery). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101(52):18257-18261 (Dec. 28 issue)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="473371" href="https://umich.academia.edu/joycemarcus">joyce marcus</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">New 14 C dates from Oaxaca, Mexico, document changes in religious ritual that accompanied the evolution of society from hunting and gathering to the archaic state. Before 4000 B.P. in conventional radiocarbon years, a nomadic egalitarian lifeway selected for unscheduled (ad hoc) ritual from which no one was excluded. With the establishment of permanent villages (4000 -3000 B.P.), certain rituals were scheduled by solar or astral events and restricted to initiates͞social achievers. After state formation (2050 B.P.), many important rituals were performed only by trained full-time priests using religious calendars and occupying temples built by corvé e labor. Only 1,300 -1,400 years seem to have elapsed between the oldest known ritual building and the first standardized state temple.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"2004\tThe coevolution of ritual and society: New 14C dates from ancient Mexico (Joyce Marcus and Kent V. Flannery). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101(52):18257-18261 (Dec. 28 issue)","attachmentId":4088868,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/720191/2004_The_coevolution_of_ritual_and_society_New_14C_dates_from_ancient_Mexico_Joyce_Marcus_and_Kent_V_Flannery_Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_101_52_18257_18261_Dec_28_issue_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/720191/2004_The_coevolution_of_ritual_and_society_New_14C_dates_from_ancient_Mexico_Joyce_Marcus_and_Kent_V_Flannery_Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_101_52_18257_18261_Dec_28_issue_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="95818470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95818470/Molly_Bassett_sobre_Mesoamerican_Rituals_and_the_Solar_Cycle_New_Perspectives_on_the_Veintena_Festivals_Peter_Lang_New_York_2021_En_Estudios_de_Cultura_N%C3%A1huatl_vol_65_2022_pp_351_359">Molly Bassett, sobre Mesoamerican Rituals and the Solar Cycle. New Perspectives on the Veintena Festivals, Peter Lang, New York, 2021. En Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl, vol. 65, 2022, pp. 351-359.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5168125" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/ElenaMazzetto">Elena Mazzetto</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Molly Bassett, sobre Mesoamerican Rituals and the Solar Cycle. New Perspectives on the Veintena Festivals, Peter Lang, New York, 2021. En Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl, vol. 65, 2022, pp. 351-359.","attachmentId":97893993,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95818470/Molly_Bassett_sobre_Mesoamerican_Rituals_and_the_Solar_Cycle_New_Perspectives_on_the_Veintena_Festivals_Peter_Lang_New_York_2021_En_Estudios_de_Cultura_N%C3%A1huatl_vol_65_2022_pp_351_359","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95818470/Molly_Bassett_sobre_Mesoamerican_Rituals_and_the_Solar_Cycle_New_Perspectives_on_the_Veintena_Festivals_Peter_Lang_New_York_2021_En_Estudios_de_Cultura_N%C3%A1huatl_vol_65_2022_pp_351_359"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="24947513" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24947513/Book_Review_Mesoamerican_Ritual_Economy_Archaeological_and_Ethnological_Perspectives_edited_by_E_Christian_Wells_and_Karla_L_Davis_Salazar">Book Review: Mesoamerican Ritual Economy: Archaeological and Ethnological Perspectives edited by E. Christian Wells and Karla L. Davis-Salazar</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="317775" href="https://michiganstate.academia.edu/HelenPerlsteinPollard">Helen Perlstein Pollard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Anthropologist, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Book Review: Mesoamerican Ritual Economy: Archaeological and Ethnological Perspectives edited by E. Christian Wells and Karla L. 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