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class="u-tcGrayDark">7,647 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Islamic Civilization</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Islamic_Civilization">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation 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(Inhiyar al-ḥaḍārah al-islāmīyah wa i'ādat binā'iha: al-judhur al-thaqāfīyah wa al-tarbawīyah) Albanian</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات ‏المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_57359197" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات ‏المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه ‏والغياب. ولمعرفة المفاهيم ‏والمنطلقات التي تمكّن الأمة من استكمال هذا النقص. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف يوضِّح الكتاب الأدوات ‏المنهجية والثقافية اللازمة للإصلاح ‏التربوي، ويستجلي أهم أسس هذا الإصلاح ومنطلقاته، ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ‏ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب ‏حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، ‏والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا ‏أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي ‏الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء ‏والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها.  ‏</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education_and_Islamic_Schooling">Islamic Education & Islamic Schooling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6546" type="text/json">{"id":6546,"name":"Islamic Education \u0026 Islamic Schooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education_and_Islamic_Schooling?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" 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لإرساء طاقات ‏المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه ‏والغياب. ولمعرفة المفاهيم ‏والمنطلقات التي تمكّن الأمة من استكمال هذا النقص. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف يوضِّح الكتاب الأدوات ‏المنهجية والثقافية اللازمة للإصلاح ‏التربوي، ويستجلي أهم أسس هذا الإصلاح ومنطلقاته، ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ‏ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب ‏حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، ‏والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا ‏أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي ‏الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء ‏والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها. 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Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38937686" data-work_id="38937686" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38937686/%C4%B0slam_Medeniyeti_Tarihi">İslam Medeniyeti Tarihi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">İslâm Medeniyeti Tarihi, Ankara: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfıyayınları, 2011. (Seyfettin Erşahin ile birlikte)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38937686" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5fe7e0b7d8866018dbdb2aeda7048079" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59039059,"asset_id":38937686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59039059/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66606674" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam">İbrahim Sarıçam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66606674" type="text/json">{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38937686 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38937686"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38937686, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38937686", }); 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(Seyfettin Erşahin ile birlikte)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59039059,"asset_id":38937686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81682330" data-work_id="81682330" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/81682330/Analysis_of_the_development_of_diplomacy_in_early_Islamic_civilization">Analysis of the development of diplomacy in early Islamic civilization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Diplomasi uluslararası ilişkilerin diyalog ve barış yoluyla yürütülmesidir. Diplomasi İlk Çağlarda Dünya’nın çeşitli bölgelerinde uygulama açısından farklılıklar gösterirken amacı genellikle haberin taşınması, evlilik akdinin yerine... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81682330" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Diplomasi uluslararası ilişkilerin diyalog ve barış yoluyla yürütülmesidir. Diplomasi İlk Çağlarda Dünya’nın çeşitli bölgelerinde uygulama açısından farklılıklar gösterirken amacı genellikle haberin taşınması, evlilik akdinin yerine getirilmesi, antlaşmaların imzalanması veya savaşta ölülerin toplanması olmuştur. Ad hoc şeklinde uygulanan diplomasilerden biride Hz. Muhammed ve Dört Halife’nin uyguladığı 14 asırlık İslam kültürünün temellerini oluşturan İslam Diplomasisi’dir. Bu temeller Hz. Muhammed’in Mekke ve Medine Dönemi’nde yolladığı elçiler ve mektuplar ile atılmıştır. Arapların İslam öncesi dönemde sahip olduğu bazı diplomatik uygulamalar, Arap örf ve adetleri İslam Diplomasisi ile sentezlenerek farklı bir diplomasi ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Hz. Muhammed sonrasında İslam Diplomasisi Dört Halife Dönemi’nde pek fazla değişiklik göstermemiştir. Antlaşmalar ve karşılıklı diyalog ile temelleri Hz. Muhammed ile atılan İslam Diplomasisi bu süreçte de başarıyla sürdürülmüştür. Yukarıda k...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81682330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68902342" href="https://uludag.academia.edu/ayd%C4%B1ndoygun">aydın doygun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68902342" type="text/json">{"id":68902342,"first_name":"aydın","last_name":"doygun","domain_name":"uludag","page_name":"aydındoygun","display_name":"aydın doygun","profile_url":"https://uludag.academia.edu/ayd%C4%B1ndoygun?f_ri=354849","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81682330 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81682330"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81682330, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81682330", }); 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Diplomasi İlk Çağlarda Dünya’nın çeşitli bölgelerinde uygulama açısından farklılıklar gösterirken amacı genellikle haberin taşınması, evlilik akdinin yerine getirilmesi, antlaşmaların imzalanması veya savaşta ölülerin toplanması olmuştur. Ad hoc şeklinde uygulanan diplomasilerden biride Hz. Muhammed ve Dört Halife’nin uyguladığı 14 asırlık İslam kültürünün temellerini oluşturan İslam Diplomasisi’dir. Bu temeller Hz. Muhammed’in Mekke ve Medine Dönemi’nde yolladığı elçiler ve mektuplar ile atılmıştır. Arapların İslam öncesi dönemde sahip olduğu bazı diplomatik uygulamalar, Arap örf ve adetleri İslam Diplomasisi ile sentezlenerek farklı bir diplomasi ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Hz. Muhammed sonrasında İslam Diplomasisi Dört Halife Dönemi’nde pek fazla değişiklik göstermemiştir. Antlaşmalar ve karşılıklı diyalog ile temelleri Hz. Muhammed ile atılan İslam Diplomasisi bu süreçte de başarıyla sürdürülmüştür. Yukarıda k...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68902342,"first_name":"aydın","last_name":"doygun","domain_name":"uludag","page_name":"aydındoygun","display_name":"aydın doygun","profile_url":"https://uludag.academia.edu/ayd%C4%B1ndoygun?f_ri=354849","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9707,"name":"Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplomacy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":70428,"name":"Ancient Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Diplomacy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":533807,"name":"Diplomasi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplomasi?f_ri=354849"},{"id":842974,"name":"Islamic Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Diplomacy?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46864726" data-work_id="46864726" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46864726/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%96_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%96_Ukrainian_Language">The Arts of Islamic Civilization (Мистецтво ісламської цивілізації) Ukrainian Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46864726" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as "Qur'ānic" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46864726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b33df17e0562eb9a842aca1795555fa1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66267174,"asset_id":46864726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66267174/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46864726 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46864726"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46864726, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46864726", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46864726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46864726").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46864726").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46864726"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6869" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies">Qur'anic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6869" type="text/json">{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation">Revelation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10942" type="text/json">{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27669" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran">Quran</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27669" type="text/json">{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46864726]'), work: {"id":46864726,"title":"The Arts of Islamic Civilization (Мистецтво ісламської цивілізації) Ukrainian Language","created_at":"2021-04-14T09:43:14.702-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46864726/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%96_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%96_Ukrainian_Language?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_46864726","summary":"In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a \"Qur'ānic culture\"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as \"Qur'ānic\" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66267174,"asset_id":46864726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46866003" data-work_id="46866003" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46866003/The_Cultural_Atlas_of_Islam_%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Atlasi_Cover_Only_Turkish_Language">The Cultural Atlas of Islam (İslâm kültür Atlasi) Cover Only - Turkish Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Gives an overview of Arabia as the crucible of Islam; its language and ‎history, religion and culture, and the essence of Islamic civilization. Also discussed are The Qur'an, The ‎Sunnah, institutions, the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46866003" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Gives an overview of Arabia as the crucible of Islam; its language and ‎history, religion and culture, and the essence of Islamic civilization. Also discussed are The Qur'an, The ‎Sunnah, institutions, the arts, the sciences, the law, and the spreading of Islam. Final chapters include ‎theology and mysticism, Hellenistic philosophy, the Natural Order, the art of letters & calligraphy, ‎ornamentation in the Islamic arts, the spatial arts, and the art of sound.  ‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46866003" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49dc7ae0c8b4f643e23cb316470ca5dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66267464,"asset_id":46866003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66267464/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46866003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46866003"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46866003, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46866003", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46866003]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46866003").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46866003").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46866003"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46866003]'), work: {"id":46866003,"title":"The Cultural Atlas of Islam (İslâm kültür Atlasi) Cover Only - Turkish Language","created_at":"2021-04-14T10:28:03.206-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46866003/The_Cultural_Atlas_of_Islam_%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Atlasi_Cover_Only_Turkish_Language?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_46866003","summary":"The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Gives an overview of Arabia as the crucible of Islam; its language and ‎history, religion and culture, and the essence of Islamic civilization. Also discussed are The Qur'an, The ‎Sunnah, institutions, the arts, the sciences, the law, and the spreading of Islam. Final chapters include ‎theology and mysticism, Hellenistic philosophy, the Natural Order, the art of letters \u0026 calligraphy, ‎ornamentation in the Islamic arts, the spatial arts, and the art of sound. ‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66267464,"asset_id":46866003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":35628,"name":"Islamic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Science?f_ri=354849"},{"id":57604,"name":"Atlas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlas?f_ri=354849"},{"id":72056,"name":"Islamic Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Politics?f_ri=354849"},{"id":153604,"name":"Monotheism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monotheism?f_ri=354849"},{"id":242985,"name":"Islamic heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_heritage?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1156339,"name":"Religion of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_of_Islam?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44684270" data-work_id="44684270" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44684270/Atributos_de_los_suf%C3%ADes_y_derviches_en_las_miniaturas_isl%C3%A1micas_presentes_en_manuscritos_de_los_siglos_XV_al_XVII">Atributos de los sufíes y derviches en las miniaturas islámicas presentes en manuscritos de los siglos XV al XVII</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es investigar sobre los diferentes atributos que fueron utilizados por los sufíes y derviches y aparecen en la miniatura de varias escuelas del arte islámico. Todas ellas pertenecen a época medieval,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44684270" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es investigar sobre los diferentes atributos que fueron utilizados por los sufíes y derviches y aparecen en la miniatura de varias escuelas del arte islámico. Todas ellas pertenecen a época medieval, cuando comienza a valorarse la miniatura islámica. La vida de los místicos musulmanes acaparó en gran medida el interés del miniaturista musulmán y todos los estudios abordados hasta ahora son fundamentalmente descriptivos, sin considerar los atributos característicos de los sufíes y derviches, su significado espiritual, sus formas y tamaños, ni las diferencias entre una escuela y otra o dentro de un marco cronológico. El artículo clasifica los atributos místicos en tres grupos principales: los religiosos, que están relacionados con rituales islámicos y poemas sufíes tradicionales; los atributos civiles y los instrumentos musicales, que aparecen claramente en las miniaturas de celebraciones y festividades de las escuelas sufíes dedicadas a la meditación y el espíritu. PALABRAS ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to investigate in attributes used by Sufis and dervishes through the Islamic miniatures in different periods and from various origins of manuscripts. Mysticism is represented widely in Islamic paintings, all introduced related studies were descriptive for miniature itself without focusing on traditional instruments formed the life of mystics and accompanied them in various scenes of daily life rituals. The article classifies those implements in to 3 main categories; religious related to Islamic verses rituals and Sufi traditions, civil ones used in public subjects, and musical related to spiritual Sufi celebrations. Moreover, introducing samples of miniatures to support that presented analysis through historical artist point of view, with recognizing mystical thoughts of each implement that makes harmony between art represented in illustrations and religion appeared in Sufi belief.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44684270" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7985d84edbc93ce64a1d9f3f4c064e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65158656,"asset_id":44684270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65158656/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7180260" href="https://uco-es.academia.edu/IbrahimAlassal">Ibrahim Elassal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7180260" type="text/json">{"id":7180260,"first_name":"Ibrahim","last_name":"Elassal","domain_name":"uco-es","page_name":"IbrahimAlassal","display_name":"Ibrahim Elassal","profile_url":"https://uco-es.academia.edu/IbrahimAlassal?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7180260/2802421/57571304/s65_ibrahim.elassal.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44684270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44684270"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44684270, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44684270", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44684270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44684270").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44684270").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44684270"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2132" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage">Cultural Heritage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2132" type="text/json">{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heritage_Studies">Heritage Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2527" type="text/json">{"id":2527,"name":"Heritage Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heritage_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44684270]'), work: {"id":44684270,"title":"Atributos de los sufíes y derviches en las miniaturas islámicas presentes en manuscritos de los siglos XV al XVII","created_at":"2020-12-11T11:59:40.769-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44684270/Atributos_de_los_suf%C3%ADes_y_derviches_en_las_miniaturas_isl%C3%A1micas_presentes_en_manuscritos_de_los_siglos_XV_al_XVII?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_44684270","summary":"RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es investigar sobre los diferentes atributos que fueron utilizados por los sufíes y derviches y aparecen en la miniatura de varias escuelas del arte islámico. Todas ellas pertenecen a época medieval, cuando comienza a valorarse la miniatura islámica. La vida de los místicos musulmanes acaparó en gran medida el interés del miniaturista musulmán y todos los estudios abordados hasta ahora son fundamentalmente descriptivos, sin considerar los atributos característicos de los sufíes y derviches, su significado espiritual, sus formas y tamaños, ni las diferencias entre una escuela y otra o dentro de un marco cronológico. El artículo clasifica los atributos místicos en tres grupos principales: los religiosos, que están relacionados con rituales islámicos y poemas sufíes tradicionales; los atributos civiles y los instrumentos musicales, que aparecen claramente en las miniaturas de celebraciones y festividades de las escuelas sufíes dedicadas a la meditación y el espíritu. PALABRAS ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to investigate in attributes used by Sufis and dervishes through the Islamic miniatures in different periods and from various origins of manuscripts. Mysticism is represented widely in Islamic paintings, all introduced related studies were descriptive for miniature itself without focusing on traditional instruments formed the life of mystics and accompanied them in various scenes of daily life rituals. The article classifies those implements in to 3 main categories; religious related to Islamic verses rituals and Sufi traditions, civil ones used in public subjects, and musical related to spiritual Sufi celebrations. Moreover, introducing samples of miniatures to support that presented analysis through historical artist point of view, with recognizing mystical thoughts of each implement that makes harmony between art represented in illustrations and religion appeared in Sufi belief.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65158656,"asset_id":44684270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7180260,"first_name":"Ibrahim","last_name":"Elassal","domain_name":"uco-es","page_name":"IbrahimAlassal","display_name":"Ibrahim Elassal","profile_url":"https://uco-es.academia.edu/IbrahimAlassal?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7180260/2802421/57571304/s65_ibrahim.elassal.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":2527,"name":"Heritage Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heritage_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":742540,"name":"History of Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37301351" data-work_id="37301351" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37301351/The_Trouble_with_Islam_Today_by_Irshad_Manji_2_">The Trouble with Islam Today by Irshad Manji (2)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The Trouble with Islam Today was first published in Canada by Random House in 2003. At 234 pages, it is a semi-autobiographical account of Manji’s life. The book has been banned in a number of Muslim countries. It documents Manji’s... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37301351" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The Trouble with Islam Today was first published in Canada by Random House in 2003. At 234 pages, it is a semi-autobiographical account of Manji’s life. The book has been banned in a number of Muslim countries. It documents Manji’s struggles in her life, the most prominent among which appears to relate to her identity. “I’m openly lesbian … I met my first girlfriend in my twenties.” (2 pages)"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37301351" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e1da11e0501f30a3518c4baac6fa3e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57256877,"asset_id":37301351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57256877/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2644808" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/LeslieTerebessy">Leslie Terebessy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2644808" type="text/json">{"id":2644808,"first_name":"Leslie","last_name":"Terebessy","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"LeslieTerebessy","display_name":"Leslie Terebessy","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/LeslieTerebessy?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2644808/842515/35075059/s65_leslie.terebessy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37301351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37301351"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37301351, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37301351", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37301351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37301351; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37301351"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37301351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37301351"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37301351; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37301351]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37301351").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37301351").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37301351"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="813" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy">Political Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="813" type="text/json">{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37301351]'), work: {"id":37301351,"title":"The Trouble with Islam Today by Irshad Manji (2)","created_at":"2018-08-27T17:03:15.725-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37301351/The_Trouble_with_Islam_Today_by_Irshad_Manji_2_?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_37301351","summary":"\"The Trouble with Islam Today was first published in Canada by Random House in 2003. At 234 pages, it is a semi-autobiographical account of Manji’s life. The book has been banned in a number of Muslim countries. It documents Manji’s struggles in her life, the most prominent among which appears to relate to her identity. “I’m openly lesbian … I met my first girlfriend in my twenties.” (2 pages)\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57256877,"asset_id":37301351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2644808,"first_name":"Leslie","last_name":"Terebessy","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"LeslieTerebessy","display_name":"Leslie Terebessy","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/LeslieTerebessy?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2644808/842515/35075059/s65_leslie.terebessy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=354849"},{"id":4979,"name":"Islamic Contemporary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Contemporary_Studies?f_ri=354849"},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=354849"},{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=354849"},{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849"},{"id":30600,"name":"Islamic Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Jurisprudence?f_ri=354849"},{"id":66015,"name":"Shariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shariah?f_ri=354849"},{"id":83952,"name":"Morality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morality?f_ri=354849"},{"id":210638,"name":"Al Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al_Quran?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1028989,"name":"Islamic Family Law and Shari'a Courts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Family_Law_and_Sharia_Courts?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70239137" data-work_id="70239137" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70239137/Islamic_Education_of_The_21th_Century_and_Its_Implications_in_The_Building_of_Civilization">Islamic Education of The 21th Century and Its Implications in The Building of Civilization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Education is a necessity in the form of Individuals that eventually happens to a generation that will develop a great Civilization. A Civilization that is developing is closely linked to the current environment of Technology in the 21st... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70239137" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Education is a necessity in the form of Individuals that eventually happens to a generation that will develop a great Civilization. A Civilization that is developing is closely linked to the current environment of Technology in the 21st century. Islamic education contributes to the building of character and personality so that individuals within the civilization can build a great civilization without ignoring the challenges that must be faced in the 21st Century. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) was present to assist in providing various options for the use of media and electronic technology tools to facilitate communication such as in the field of education in the face of the current Covid19 outbreak. Thus, this conceptual paper using qualitative methodology based on scientific references and libraries, will shed light on the elusive forms of Islamic education in interacting with the electronic media to meet the challenges of the 21st century and their impact on the construction of Civilization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70239137" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="281aa13fe99d3be7a0e56a5b34652b32" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80069352,"asset_id":70239137,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80069352/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49972865" href="https://independent.academia.edu/syafiqyusof3">AHMAD S Y A F I Q YUSOF</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49972865" type="text/json">{"id":49972865,"first_name":"AHMAD","last_name":"YUSOF","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"syafiqyusof3","display_name":"AHMAD S Y A F I Q YUSOF","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/syafiqyusof3?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49972865/13133989/119893668/s65_ahmad.yusof.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70239137 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70239137"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70239137, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70239137", }); 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A Civilization that is developing is closely linked to the current environment of Technology in the 21st century. Islamic education contributes to the building of character and personality so that individuals within the civilization can build a great civilization without ignoring the challenges that must be faced in the 21st Century. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) was present to assist in providing various options for the use of media and electronic technology tools to facilitate communication such as in the field of education in the face of the current Covid19 outbreak. 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47231956/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A_%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A">جوهر الحضارة الإسلامية وتجلياتها‎ ‎قراءة في كتاب "أطلس الحضارة الإسلامية"‏‎ ‎تأليف: إسماعيل‎ ‎راجي ‏الفاروقي ولوس لمياء الفاروقي، فتحي حسن ملكاوي</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">مقدمة:‏ لا يراودُ القارئَ شكٌ في أنَّ دينَ الإسلام، هو جوهرُ الحضارة الإسلامية، وأنَّ ‏التوحيدَ هو جوهرُ هذا الدين؛ إذلم تصطبغ أية حضارة في القديم والحديث بطابع ديني ‏كما حصل ذلك في الحضارة الإسلامية. ولعلَّ خصائصَ هذا الدين الذي يجعلُ... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47231956" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">مقدمة:‏<br />لا يراودُ القارئَ شكٌ في أنَّ دينَ الإسلام، هو جوهرُ الحضارة الإسلامية، وأنَّ ‏التوحيدَ هو جوهرُ هذا الدين؛ إذلم تصطبغ أية حضارة في القديم والحديث بطابع ديني ‏كما حصل ذلك في الحضارة الإسلامية. ولعلَّ خصائصَ هذا الدين الذي يجعلُ حياةَ ‏الإنسان في الدنيا خلافةً في الأرض، وحملاً للأمانة الربانية، جعلت بناء الحضارة في ‏أشكالها المعنوية والمادية عملاً دينياً، لا يقل أهمية عن التوجُّه إلى الخالق بالشعائر ‏العبادية الخالصة، من صلاة وصيام وحج. كما أنَّ التوحيد الخالص في دين الإسلام ‏جعل الإنسان المسلم يسعى جاهداً للتحقق بالإيمان بالله وطاعة أوامره والرجاء في ثوابه ‏وهو يمارس الإنتاج الزراعي، والتطوير الصناعي، والإبداع الفني، والتشييد العمراني، ‏والتخطيط المدني، والتنظيم الاجتماعي، حتى يصحَّ القول: إنَّ تجليات التوحيد تصبغ ‏الحضارة الإسلامية في سائر منجزاتها.‏<br />كيف يمكن أن يتحقق لنا ذلك القدر من اليقين في أن إحسان العمل في شؤون ‏الدنيا فيما تتقوَّم به الحياة وتترقّى أسبابُها، وتزدهر به الحضارة في مجالاتها المادية ‏والمعنوية، هو شأن ديني، يفرضه الإيمان، ويتوجَّه به أصحابُه إلى الله سبحانه لنيل ‏الدرجات العلى من ثواب الآخرة ونعيمها؟ ‏<br />أجل! إنَّ القرآن الكريم سبيل لتحقيق ذلك اليقين، لكن القرآن الكريم لم ينكر ‏على الإنسان رغبته في الاستئناس بالخبرة التاريخية، وحاجته إلى الملاحظة الحسية، ‏وسعيه للاستدلال بالمشاهدات المادية، لتعزيز إيمانه بما يهدي إليه القرآن الكريم. ولعل ‏القراءة المتأنية للكتاب، الذي نحن بصدد الحديث عنه، تكشف عن الإبداع الذي ‏حققه المؤلفان في تحليل النصوص التاريخية والشواهد المادية للوصول إلى أنَّ التوحيد هو ‏جوهر الحضارة الإسلامية. وبهذه القراءة المتأنية يتحقق ذلك اليقين لغير المسلم بالاستناد ‏إلى فاعلية المنهج الذي يستخدمه المؤلفان، وقوة الحجج التي يقدمانها، كما يتحقق ‏ذلك للمسلم الذي يجد فيما يقرأه في الكتاب تجليات لإيمان المؤلفيْن ويقينهما الديني، ‏الذي يتعاضد من خبرتهما وكفاءتهما العلمية. ‏<br />الكتاب الذي نحن بصده "أطلس الحضارة الإسلامية" هو الترجمة العربية للنسخة ‏الأصلية من الكتاب بعنوان: ‏The Atlas of Islamic Civilization‏ الصادر ‏بالإنجليزية عن دار النشر الدولية ‏MCMILLAN‏ في لندن عام 1986 في 600 ‏صفحة من القطع الكبير، بعد استشهاد المؤلفين في منـزلهما بفترة قصيرة. ترجم الكتاب ‏إلى ست لغات: الماليزية، والإندونيسية، والتركية، والإسبانية، والبرتغالية، والفارسية، ‏قبل أن يُترجم إلى العربية.‏<br />مؤلفا الكتاب إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي، وزوجته لوس لمياء الفاروقي. ولد إسماعيل ‏إسماعيل الفاروقي في فلسطين، وتخصص في الدراسات الفلسفية، ودرس العلوم ‏الإسلامية وتاريخ الأديان، وأحاط بتاريخ الشعوب وأديانها وحضاراتها، وعمل أستاذاً ‏في عدد من الجامعات الكبرى في الولايات المتحدة وكندا، وتجول في بلدان العالم ‏الإسلامي، وعمل أستاذا زائراً في كثير من جامعاتها، ونشر حوالي خمسة وعشرين كتاباً ‏وأكثر من مائة بحث، وشارك في تأليف "الأطلس التاريخي لأديان العالم" وموسوعة ‏‏"الديانات الأسيوية الكبرى" وكان آخر ما دفع به إلى الطباعة في حياته هذا المجلد ‏الضخم "أطلس الحضارة الإسلامية". ‏<br />أما المؤلفة المشاركة في تأليف هذا الأطلس، فهي زوجة الدكتور إسماعيل الفاروقي، ‏الدكتورة "لوس لمياء الفاروقي" المتخصصة في الدراسات الإسلامية والخبيرة بالفنون ‏الإسلامية والموسيقى. وقد مارست التدريس والبحث والتأليف في مصطلحات ‏الموسيقى العربية والفنون الإسلامية، وتاريخ الموسيقى. وقد جرى اغتيال المؤلفان في ‏منـزلهما في جامعة تمبّل في ولاية بنسلفانيا الأمريكية في ظروف غامضة، نسأل الله لهما ‏الرحمة والمغفرة، وذلك في شهر رمضان 1406ھ (مايو 1986م).‏<br />والقراءة المتأنية للكتاب، والألفة بالكتابات الأخرى للمؤلفيْن، تبين أن محتوى ‏الكتاب يمثل خلاصة الخبرة العلمية والبحثية للمولفين، فقد ظهرت معظم الموضوعات ‏الواردة في الكتاب في البحوث المنشورة سابقاً لهما بصورة أكثر عمقاً وتفصيلاً. ولكنها ‏تَرِد هنا ضمن بنية متكاملة تكاد تحيط بموضوعات الحضارة الإسلامية، وأعلامها، ‏ومدوناتها، وتجلياتها؛ مما يسوغ وجود كلمة أطلس في عنوان الكتاب. وقد شاء الله ‏سبحانه أن يكون هذا الكتاب هو آخر ما يدفعان به إلى الطباعة، قبل أن يلتحقا معاً ‏بالرفيق الأعلى. ‏<br />والجدير بالذكر أن المترجم (وهو يفضل مصطلح الناقل بديلاً عن المترجم) هو ‏الدكتور عبد الواحد لؤلؤة أستاذ الأدب الإنجليزي في العراق، وهو أديب ومترجم مشهود ‏له بالكفاءة، وقد نوَّه في مقدمة الناقل بالمساعدة التي قدمتها زوجته مريم في ضبط ‏العبارة العربية، وبالتقويم والتشذيب الذي قام به زميله وصديقه الدكتور رياض نور الله ‏في مراجعة الترجمة.‏<br />وقد تعاون المعهد العالمي للفكر الإسلامي ومكتبة العبيكان في الرياض على القيام ‏بمهمة الترجمة والنشر.‏</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47231956" data-share-source="work_strip" 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ملكاوي","created_at":"2021-04-21T07:30:48.838-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47231956/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A_%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_47231956","summary":"مقدمة:‏\nلا يراودُ القارئَ شكٌ في أنَّ دينَ الإسلام، هو جوهرُ الحضارة الإسلامية، وأنَّ ‏التوحيدَ هو جوهرُ هذا الدين؛ إذلم تصطبغ أية حضارة في القديم والحديث بطابع ديني ‏كما حصل ذلك في الحضارة الإسلامية. ولعلَّ خصائصَ هذا الدين الذي يجعلُ حياةَ ‏الإنسان في الدنيا خلافةً في الأرض، وحملاً للأمانة الربانية، جعلت بناء الحضارة في ‏أشكالها المعنوية والمادية عملاً دينياً، لا يقل أهمية عن التوجُّه إلى الخالق بالشعائر ‏العبادية الخالصة، من صلاة وصيام وحج. كما أنَّ التوحيد الخالص في دين الإسلام ‏جعل الإنسان المسلم يسعى جاهداً للتحقق بالإيمان بالله وطاعة أوامره والرجاء في ثوابه ‏وهو يمارس الإنتاج الزراعي، والتطوير الصناعي، والإبداع الفني، والتشييد العمراني، ‏والتخطيط المدني، والتنظيم الاجتماعي، حتى يصحَّ القول: إنَّ تجليات التوحيد تصبغ ‏الحضارة الإسلامية في سائر منجزاتها.‏\nكيف يمكن أن يتحقق لنا ذلك القدر من اليقين في أن إحسان العمل في شؤون ‏الدنيا فيما تتقوَّم به الحياة وتترقّى أسبابُها، وتزدهر به الحضارة في مجالاتها المادية ‏والمعنوية، هو شأن ديني، يفرضه الإيمان، ويتوجَّه به أصحابُه إلى الله سبحانه لنيل ‏الدرجات العلى من ثواب الآخرة ونعيمها؟ ‏\nأجل! إنَّ القرآن الكريم سبيل لتحقيق ذلك اليقين، لكن القرآن الكريم لم ينكر ‏على الإنسان رغبته في الاستئناس بالخبرة التاريخية، وحاجته إلى الملاحظة الحسية، ‏وسعيه للاستدلال بالمشاهدات المادية، لتعزيز إيمانه بما يهدي إليه القرآن الكريم. ولعل ‏القراءة المتأنية للكتاب، الذي نحن بصدد الحديث عنه، تكشف عن الإبداع الذي ‏حققه المؤلفان في تحليل النصوص التاريخية والشواهد المادية للوصول إلى أنَّ التوحيد هو ‏جوهر الحضارة الإسلامية. وبهذه القراءة المتأنية يتحقق ذلك اليقين لغير المسلم بالاستناد ‏إلى فاعلية المنهج الذي يستخدمه المؤلفان، وقوة الحجج التي يقدمانها، كما يتحقق ‏ذلك للمسلم الذي يجد فيما يقرأه في الكتاب تجليات لإيمان المؤلفيْن ويقينهما الديني، ‏الذي يتعاضد من خبرتهما وكفاءتهما العلمية. ‏\nالكتاب الذي نحن بصده \"أطلس الحضارة الإسلامية\" هو الترجمة العربية للنسخة ‏الأصلية من الكتاب بعنوان: ‏The Atlas of Islamic Civilization‏ الصادر ‏بالإنجليزية عن دار النشر الدولية ‏MCMILLAN‏ في لندن عام 1986 في 600 ‏صفحة من القطع الكبير، بعد استشهاد المؤلفين في منـزلهما بفترة قصيرة. ترجم الكتاب ‏إلى ست لغات: الماليزية، والإندونيسية، والتركية، والإسبانية، والبرتغالية، والفارسية، ‏قبل أن يُترجم إلى العربية.‏\nمؤلفا الكتاب إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي، وزوجته لوس لمياء الفاروقي. ولد إسماعيل ‏إسماعيل الفاروقي في فلسطين، وتخصص في الدراسات الفلسفية، ودرس العلوم ‏الإسلامية وتاريخ الأديان، وأحاط بتاريخ الشعوب وأديانها وحضاراتها، وعمل أستاذاً ‏في عدد من الجامعات الكبرى في الولايات المتحدة وكندا، وتجول في بلدان العالم ‏الإسلامي، وعمل أستاذا زائراً في كثير من جامعاتها، ونشر حوالي خمسة وعشرين كتاباً ‏وأكثر من مائة بحث، وشارك في تأليف \"الأطلس التاريخي لأديان العالم\" وموسوعة ‏‏\"الديانات الأسيوية الكبرى\" وكان آخر ما دفع به إلى الطباعة في حياته هذا المجلد ‏الضخم \"أطلس الحضارة الإسلامية\". ‏\nأما المؤلفة المشاركة في تأليف هذا الأطلس، فهي زوجة الدكتور إسماعيل الفاروقي، ‏الدكتورة \"لوس لمياء الفاروقي\" المتخصصة في الدراسات الإسلامية والخبيرة بالفنون ‏الإسلامية والموسيقى. وقد مارست التدريس والبحث والتأليف في مصطلحات ‏الموسيقى العربية والفنون الإسلامية، وتاريخ الموسيقى. وقد جرى اغتيال المؤلفان في ‏منـزلهما في جامعة تمبّل في ولاية بنسلفانيا الأمريكية في ظروف غامضة، نسأل الله لهما ‏الرحمة والمغفرة، وذلك في شهر رمضان 1406ھ (مايو 1986م).‏\nوالقراءة المتأنية للكتاب، والألفة بالكتابات الأخرى للمؤلفيْن، تبين أن محتوى ‏الكتاب يمثل خلاصة الخبرة العلمية والبحثية للمولفين، فقد ظهرت معظم الموضوعات ‏الواردة في الكتاب في البحوث المنشورة سابقاً لهما بصورة أكثر عمقاً وتفصيلاً. ولكنها ‏تَرِد هنا ضمن بنية متكاملة تكاد تحيط بموضوعات الحضارة الإسلامية، وأعلامها، ‏ومدوناتها، وتجلياتها؛ مما يسوغ وجود كلمة أطلس في عنوان الكتاب. وقد شاء الله ‏سبحانه أن يكون هذا الكتاب هو آخر ما يدفعان به إلى الطباعة، قبل أن يلتحقا معاً ‏بالرفيق الأعلى. ‏\nوالجدير بالذكر أن المترجم (وهو يفضل مصطلح الناقل بديلاً عن المترجم) هو ‏الدكتور عبد الواحد لؤلؤة أستاذ الأدب الإنجليزي في العراق، وهو أديب ومترجم مشهود ‏له بالكفاءة، وقد نوَّه في مقدمة الناقل بالمساعدة التي قدمتها زوجته مريم في ضبط ‏العبارة العربية، وبالتقويم والتشذيب الذي قام به زميله وصديقه الدكتور رياض نور الله ‏في مراجعة الترجمة.‏\nوقد تعاون المعهد العالمي للفكر الإسلامي ومكتبة العبيكان في الرياض على القيام ‏بمهمة الترجمة 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طبی</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">رجوع به احاديث در فهم آموزه‌های دين مبين اسلام، عملکردی همواره آشنا در فضای انديشه دينی است؛ از همان صدر اسلام، نه تنها عالمان مسلمان برای فهم ژرفای دين به سراغ احاديث می‌رفته‌اند، بلکه حتی برای تنظيم زندگی و آداب آن برای عامه مردم، در... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40129447" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">رجوع به احاديث در فهم آموزه‌های دين مبين اسلام، عملکردی همواره آشنا در فضای انديشه دينی است؛ از همان صدر اسلام، نه تنها عالمان مسلمان برای فهم ژرفای دين به سراغ احاديث می‌رفته‌اند، بلکه حتی برای تنظيم زندگی و آداب آن برای عامه مردم، در سطح گسترده‌ای از حديث استفاده می‌شده است. آنگاه که سخن از بهره‌برداری از احاديث در يک حوزه دانشی است، به طبع مبانی و روش‌های استناد به حديث و استفاده محتوايی از آن اهميت ويژه‌ای می‌يابد و ضرورت نگاه تخصصی به موضوع مطرح می‌شود. هم آنان که در گذشته به احاديث طبی به عنوان بخشی از تنظيم زندگی روزمره نگاه می‌کردند، در بهداشت و درمان به سمت حديث رفته‌اند و هم امروز که احاديث طبی در سطوح دانشگاهی مطرح می‌شود، ضرورت نگاه تخصصی، خود می‌نمايد.<br />در این اثر به مهمترین موضوعات مرتبط با مطالعات سلامت از منظر آموزه های اسلامی در قالب مجموعه مقالاتی پرداخته شده است.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40129447" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3069c128e935f7c1c2968618f3e4cb32" rel="nofollow" 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$('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40129447]'), work: {"id":40129447,"title":"جستارهایی در اعتبارسنجی و فهم روایات طبی","created_at":"2019-08-20T07:03:02.066-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40129447/%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D9%81%D9%87%D9%85_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_40129447","summary":"رجوع به احاديث در فهم آموزه‌های دين مبين اسلام، عملکردی همواره آشنا در فضای انديشه دينی است؛ از همان صدر اسلام، نه تنها عالمان مسلمان برای فهم ژرفای دين به سراغ احاديث می‌رفته‌اند، بلکه حتی برای تنظيم زندگی و آداب آن برای عامه مردم، در سطح گسترده‌ای از حديث استفاده می‌شده است. آنگاه که سخن از بهره‌برداری از احاديث در يک حوزه دانشی است، به طبع مبانی و روش‌های استناد به حديث و استفاده محتوايی از آن اهميت ويژه‌ای می‌يابد و ضرورت نگاه تخصصی به موضوع مطرح می‌شود. هم آنان که در گذشته به احاديث طبی به عنوان بخشی از تنظيم زندگی روزمره نگاه می‌کردند، در بهداشت و درمان به سمت حديث رفته‌اند و هم امروز که احاديث طبی در سطوح دانشگاهی مطرح می‌شود، ضرورت نگاه تخصصی، خود می‌نمايد.\nدر این اثر به مهمترین موضوعات مرتبط با مطالعات سلامت از منظر آموزه های اسلامی در قالب مجموعه مقالاتی پرداخته شده است.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60344072,"asset_id":40129447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21845411,"first_name":"Hamed","last_name":"Arezaei","domain_name":"modares","page_name":"hamedarezaei","display_name":"Hamed Arezaei","profile_url":"https://modares.academia.edu/hamedarezaei?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21845411/6188366/27354486/s65_hamed.arezaei.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":2273,"name":"History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Medicine?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":11545,"name":"Religion and medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_medicine?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":25175,"name":"Social History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_of_Medicine?f_ri=354849"},{"id":71036,"name":"Islamic Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Medicine?f_ri=354849"},{"id":158966,"name":"History of Islamic science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_science?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31209557" data-work_id="31209557" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31209557/DATA_DAN_FAKTA_TERKAIT_KEHIDUPAN_SEPULUH_SAHABAT_NABI_YANG_DIJAMIN_MASUK_SURGA">DATA DAN FAKTA TERKAIT KEHIDUPAN SEPULUH SAHABAT NABI YANG DIJAMIN MASUK SURGA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ada sepuluh orang sahabat Rasulullah yang dikenal luas di tengah kaum muslimin sebagai sahabat-sahabat yang dijamin masuk Surga. Kaum muslimin banyak yang tahu tentang mereka dan hafal nama-nama mereka. Bahkan, tidak sedikit kaum muslimin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31209557" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ada sepuluh orang sahabat Rasulullah yang dikenal luas di tengah kaum muslimin sebagai sahabat-sahabat yang dijamin masuk Surga. Kaum muslimin banyak yang tahu tentang mereka dan hafal nama-nama mereka. Bahkan, tidak sedikit kaum muslimin yang menganggap bahwa sepuluh sahabat tersebut sebagai sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah yang utama, karena peran dan sumbangsih yang diberikan masing-masing mereka kepada Islam dan kaum muslimin. Mengapa sepuluh sahabat Rasulullah itu lebih dikenal ketimbang yang lainnya? Sebab, nama-nama mereka disebutkan di dalam satu hadits yang shahih datangnya Rasulullah. Sementara sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah yang lain hanya disebutkan dalam beberapa hadits yang satu nama terpisah dari nama yang lain. Dalam hadits shahih yang dimaksud, Rasulullah bersabda,<br /><br />“Sepuluh orang di Surga. Abu Bakar di Surga. Umar di Surga. Utsman, Ali, Zubair, Thalhah, Abdurrahman [bin ‘Auf], Abu ‘Ubaidah, dan Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqash di Surga.”<br /><br />Hadits ini diriwayatkan oleh Imam Tirmidzi dan juga Imam Abu Dawud dari sahabat Rasulullah yang bernama Sa’id bin Zaid radhiyallahu ‘anhu. Dalam kelengkapan riwayat itu, Sa’id bin Zaid ditanya tentang orang yang kesepuluh, “Kami memintamu dengan nama Allah, wahai Abul A’war, siapakah orang yang kesepuluh?”. Abul A’war adalah kuniyah Sa’id bin Zaid. Nama kuniyah adalah nama yang dimulai dengan abu atau ummu. Seperti yang kita lihat, dalam redaksi hadits di atas hanya disebutkan sembilan orang, sedangkan Rasulullah menyebutkan sepuluh orang dan akhirnya Sa’id bin Zaid menjawab, “Kalian telah memintaku dengan nama Allah. Abul A’war di Surga.” Hadits yang serupa juga diriwayatkan oleh Imam Ahmad di dalam kitab Al Musnad dari sahabat Abdurrahman bin Auf radhiyallahu ‘anhu dan disahihkan oleh Syaikh Ahmad Syakir ketika memberikan catatan terhadap kitab tersebut. Syaikh Muhammad Nashiruddin Al Albani menilainya shahih juga ketika meneliti kitab Al Aqidah Ath Thahawiyah karya Ahmad bin Salamah Ath Thahawi Al Hanafi.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31209557" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b71db92fa14e6665e1661d85a95d243" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51625079,"asset_id":31209557,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51625079/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4839645" href="https://unpad.academia.edu/RimbunNatamarga">Rimbun Natamarga</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4839645" type="text/json">{"id":4839645,"first_name":"Rimbun","last_name":"Natamarga","domain_name":"unpad","page_name":"RimbunNatamarga","display_name":"Rimbun Natamarga","profile_url":"https://unpad.academia.edu/RimbunNatamarga?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4839645/2070521/2436881/s65_rimbun.natamarga.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31209557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31209557"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31209557, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31209557", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31209557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31209557; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31209557"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31209557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31209557"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31209557; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31209557]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31209557").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31209557").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31209557"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World">History of the Islamic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14288" type="text/json">{"id":14288,"name":"History of the Islamic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31209557]'), work: {"id":31209557,"title":"DATA DAN FAKTA TERKAIT KEHIDUPAN SEPULUH SAHABAT NABI YANG DIJAMIN MASUK SURGA","created_at":"2017-02-03T12:58:05.701-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31209557/DATA_DAN_FAKTA_TERKAIT_KEHIDUPAN_SEPULUH_SAHABAT_NABI_YANG_DIJAMIN_MASUK_SURGA?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_31209557","summary":"Ada sepuluh orang sahabat Rasulullah yang dikenal luas di tengah kaum muslimin sebagai sahabat-sahabat yang dijamin masuk Surga. Kaum muslimin banyak yang tahu tentang mereka dan hafal nama-nama mereka. Bahkan, tidak sedikit kaum muslimin yang menganggap bahwa sepuluh sahabat tersebut sebagai sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah yang utama, karena peran dan sumbangsih yang diberikan masing-masing mereka kepada Islam dan kaum muslimin. Mengapa sepuluh sahabat Rasulullah itu lebih dikenal ketimbang yang lainnya? Sebab, nama-nama mereka disebutkan di dalam satu hadits yang shahih datangnya Rasulullah. Sementara sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah yang lain hanya disebutkan dalam beberapa hadits yang satu nama terpisah dari nama yang lain. Dalam hadits shahih yang dimaksud, Rasulullah bersabda,\n\n“Sepuluh orang di Surga. Abu Bakar di Surga. Umar di Surga. Utsman, Ali, Zubair, Thalhah, Abdurrahman [bin ‘Auf], Abu ‘Ubaidah, dan Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqash di Surga.”\n\nHadits ini diriwayatkan oleh Imam Tirmidzi dan juga Imam Abu Dawud dari sahabat Rasulullah yang bernama Sa’id bin Zaid radhiyallahu ‘anhu. Dalam kelengkapan riwayat itu, Sa’id bin Zaid ditanya tentang orang yang kesepuluh, “Kami memintamu dengan nama Allah, wahai Abul A’war, siapakah orang yang kesepuluh?”. Abul A’war adalah kuniyah Sa’id bin Zaid. Nama kuniyah adalah nama yang dimulai dengan abu atau ummu. Seperti yang kita lihat, dalam redaksi hadits di atas hanya disebutkan sembilan orang, sedangkan Rasulullah menyebutkan sepuluh orang dan akhirnya Sa’id bin Zaid menjawab, “Kalian telah memintaku dengan nama Allah. Abul A’war di Surga.” Hadits yang serupa juga diriwayatkan oleh Imam Ahmad di dalam kitab Al Musnad dari sahabat Abdurrahman bin Auf radhiyallahu ‘anhu dan disahihkan oleh Syaikh Ahmad Syakir ketika memberikan catatan terhadap kitab tersebut. Syaikh Muhammad Nashiruddin Al Albani menilainya shahih juga ketika meneliti kitab Al Aqidah Ath Thahawiyah karya Ahmad bin Salamah Ath Thahawi Al Hanafi.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51625079,"asset_id":31209557,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4839645,"first_name":"Rimbun","last_name":"Natamarga","domain_name":"unpad","page_name":"RimbunNatamarga","display_name":"Rimbun Natamarga","profile_url":"https://unpad.academia.edu/RimbunNatamarga?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4839645/2070521/2436881/s65_rimbun.natamarga.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":14288,"name":"History of the Islamic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":116212,"name":"Sejarah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sejarah?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":420642,"name":"Sejarah Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sejarah_Islam?f_ri=354849"},{"id":500986,"name":"Islamic History and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1014212,"name":"Biografi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biografi?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1151468,"name":"Sejarah Peradaban Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sejarah_Peradaban_Islam?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42704273" data-work_id="42704273" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42704273/The_Spirit_of_Islam_Ameer_Ali">The Spirit of Islam, Ameer Ali</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SINCE the promulgation of Islam the world has seen great changes; empires have risen and disappeared; great nationalities have been swept away making room for others; knowledge and culture have drifted from the East to the West; and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42704273" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SINCE the promulgation of Islam the world has seen great changes; empires have risen and disappeared; great nationalities have been swept away making room for others; knowledge and culture have drifted from the East to the West; and with knowledge not only power but material prosperity has changed hands. Under the influence of their Prophet, a congeries of warring tribes consolidated into a nation, had for centuries carried aloft the torch of learning for the enlightenment of the world. With the fall of their dominion they ceased to be the preceptors of humanity. The younger nations who succeeded to their heritage continued some of their glory in arms but less in arts and literature. They too declined in power and influence, and now the greatest of them is but a shadow of its former self. And yet as an active, living faith, Islam has lost none of its pristine force nor the magic hold it possesses over its followers. In certain parts of the world it is spreading with greater rapidity than any other creed.    As the study of comparative religion, like the study of comparative history, acquires importance in the estimation of scholars and students, the interest in Islam as a motive power in the world will deepen. For outsiders, however, to understand its genius, and the causes of its unparalleled success in vitalising humanity, and its vast potentiality for good, it is necessary to grasp its "spirit," and its aims and aspirations from a philosophical point of view; for the Muslim who desires to act up to the prescriptions of his religion, it is essential he should understand the significance of its ethics, the true meaning of its enunciations, and learn to differentiate between the permanent and the temporary. It is only then remains, an important lever, a valuable factor, for the progress and development of the world, and be himself in a position to keep pace with the growing ethical and social needs of a living and advancing community. …...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42704273" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6a0b00f919ee34cb6fc6db90ebd6c493" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62916821,"asset_id":42704273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62916821/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16039712" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina">Sabrina Lei</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16039712" type="text/json">{"id":16039712,"first_name":"Sabrina","last_name":"Lei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeiSabrina","display_name":"Sabrina Lei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16039712/4350422/17274966/s65_sabrina.lei.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42704273 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42704273"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42704273, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42704273", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42704273]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42704273").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42704273").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42704273"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12391" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam">History of Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12391" type="text/json">{"id":12391,"name":"History of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World">History of the Islamic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14288" type="text/json">{"id":14288,"name":"History of the Islamic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" type="text/json">{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42704273]'), work: {"id":42704273,"title":"The Spirit of Islam, Ameer Ali","created_at":"2020-04-11T11:13:08.623-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42704273/The_Spirit_of_Islam_Ameer_Ali?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_42704273","summary":"\n SINCE the promulgation of Islam the world has seen great changes; empires have risen and disappeared; great nationalities have been swept away making room for others; knowledge and culture have drifted from the East to the West; and with knowledge not only power but material prosperity has changed hands. Under the influence of their Prophet, a congeries of warring tribes consolidated into a nation, had for centuries carried aloft the torch of learning for the enlightenment of the world. With the fall of their dominion they ceased to be the preceptors of humanity. The younger nations who succeeded to their heritage continued some of their glory in arms but less in arts and literature. They too declined in power and influence, and now the greatest of them is but a shadow of its former self. And yet as an active, living faith, Islam has lost none of its pristine force nor the magic hold it possesses over its followers. In certain parts of the world it is spreading with greater rapidity than any other creed. As the study of comparative religion, like the study of comparative history, acquires importance in the estimation of scholars and students, the interest in Islam as a motive power in the world will deepen. For outsiders, however, to understand its genius, and the causes of its unparalleled success in vitalising humanity, and its vast potentiality for good, it is necessary to grasp its \"spirit,\" and its aims and aspirations from a philosophical point of view; for the Muslim who desires to act up to the prescriptions of his religion, it is essential he should understand the significance of its ethics, the true meaning of its enunciations, and learn to differentiate between the permanent and the temporary. It is only then remains, an important lever, a valuable factor, for the progress and development of the world, and be himself in a position to keep pace with the growing ethical and social needs of a living and advancing community. …...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62916821,"asset_id":42704273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16039712,"first_name":"Sabrina","last_name":"Lei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeiSabrina","display_name":"Sabrina Lei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16039712/4350422/17274966/s65_sabrina.lei.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12391,"name":"History of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":14288,"name":"History of the Islamic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Islamic_World?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1003722,"name":"Sunnah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sunnah?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45827528" data-work_id="45827528" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45827528/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_">The Arts of Islamic Civilization‎</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45827528" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as "Qur'ānic" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45827528" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3089a84f9edb688297dc87004f80d709" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66205300,"asset_id":45827528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66205300/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45827528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45827528"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45827528, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45827528", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45827528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45827528; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45827528"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45827528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45827528"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45827528; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45827528]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45827528").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45827528").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45827528"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1">Quranic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation">Revelation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10942" type="text/json">{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27669" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran">Quran</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27669" type="text/json">{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45827528]'), work: {"id":45827528,"title":"The Arts of Islamic Civilization‎","created_at":"2021-04-07T12:26:39.513-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45827528/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_45827528","summary":"In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a \"Qur'ānic culture\"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as \"Qur'ānic\" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66205300,"asset_id":45827528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49562611" data-work_id="49562611" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49562611/Muhammad_Asad_Intelektual_Islam_Abad_Ke_20M_Muhammad_Asad_The_Islamic_Intellectual_of_20th_Century_">Muhammad Asad: Intelektual Islam Abad Ke-20M [Muhammad Asad: The Islamic Intellectual of 20th Century]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Muhammad Asad seorang pemuda Eropah beragama Yahudi, memeluk Islam seawal usia 26 tahun. Sejak itu, beliau bersatu bersama umat Islam dalam membangunkan pemikiran Islam yang unggul. Beliau juga menjadi penghubung dua ketamadunan besar;... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49562611" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Muhammad Asad seorang pemuda Eropah beragama Yahudi, memeluk Islam seawal usia 26 tahun. Sejak itu, beliau bersatu bersama umat Islam dalam membangunkan pemikiran Islam yang unggul. Beliau juga menjadi penghubung dua ketamadunan besar; Islam dan Barat. Kajian ini memperincikan keintelektualan beliau sebagai seorang Islam Eropah yang berpengaruh pada abad ke-20. Teknik analisis kandungan dan kajian pensejarahan dilaksanakan untuk memperolehi maklumat mengenai; jejak Islam Muhammad Asad, pengalaman interaksi Barat dan Islam, serta pemikiran kebitaraan Muhammad Asad. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat pelbagai sumbangan Muhammad Asad dalam dunia intelektual Islam seperti pemikiran shariah, politik, kesusasteraan dan tafsir. Jasa Muhammad Asad terhadap Islam jelas menunjukkan bahawa beliau layak diangkat sebagai tokoh intelektual Islam abad ke-20M.<br /><br />Kata kunci: Muhammad Asad, tamadun Barat, tamadun Islam, pemikiran kebitaraan<br /><br /><br />Muhammad Asad, a young European Jew, converted to Islam as early as 26 years old. Since then, together with Muslims he developed spectacular Islamic thoughts. He also became the bridge between two great civilizations: Islam and the West. This study details his intellectuality as an influential European Muslim of the 20th century. This study uses content and historical analysis as research techniques in obtaining information on; the Islamic traces of Muhammad Asad, his experience of Western and Islamic interaction, as well as his exceptional thinking. This study finds that there were various contributions of Muhammad Asad in Islamic intellectual world such as shariah thought, politics, literature and tafsir. Muhammad Asad's service to Islam clearly shows that he deserves to be appointed as an Islamic intellectual figure of the 20 th century.<br /><br />Keywords: Muhammad Asad, Western civilization, Islamic civilization, exceptional thinking</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49562611" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="065dd8cab5b63c725ae5d0cafdd52438" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67886882,"asset_id":49562611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67886882/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="95132065" href="https://ukm-my.academia.edu/FiruzAkhtarMohamadBohari">Firuz-akhtar Lubis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="95132065" type="text/json">{"id":95132065,"first_name":"Firuz-akhtar","last_name":"Lubis","domain_name":"ukm-my","page_name":"FiruzAkhtarMohamadBohari","display_name":"Firuz-akhtar Lubis","profile_url":"https://ukm-my.academia.edu/FiruzAkhtarMohamadBohari?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/95132065/26868065/28576506/s65_firuz_akhtar.mohamad_bohari.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49562611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49562611"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49562611, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49562611", }); 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Sejak itu, beliau bersatu bersama umat Islam dalam membangunkan pemikiran Islam yang unggul. Beliau juga menjadi penghubung dua ketamadunan besar; Islam dan Barat. Kajian ini memperincikan keintelektualan beliau sebagai seorang Islam Eropah yang berpengaruh pada abad ke-20. Teknik analisis kandungan dan kajian pensejarahan dilaksanakan untuk memperolehi maklumat mengenai; jejak Islam Muhammad Asad, pengalaman interaksi Barat dan Islam, serta pemikiran kebitaraan Muhammad Asad. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat pelbagai sumbangan Muhammad Asad dalam dunia intelektual Islam seperti pemikiran shariah, politik, kesusasteraan dan tafsir. Jasa Muhammad Asad terhadap Islam jelas menunjukkan bahawa beliau layak diangkat sebagai tokoh intelektual Islam abad ke-20M.\n\nKata kunci: Muhammad Asad, tamadun Barat, tamadun Islam, pemikiran kebitaraan\n\n\nMuhammad Asad, a young European Jew, converted to Islam as early as 26 years old. Since then, together with Muslims he developed spectacular Islamic thoughts. He also became the bridge between two great civilizations: Islam and the West. This study details his intellectuality as an influential European Muslim of the 20th century. This study uses content and historical analysis as research techniques in obtaining information on; the Islamic traces of Muhammad Asad, his experience of Western and Islamic interaction, as well as his exceptional thinking. This study finds that there were various contributions of Muhammad Asad in Islamic intellectual world such as shariah thought, politics, literature and tafsir. Muhammad Asad's service to Islam clearly shows that he deserves to be appointed as an Islamic intellectual figure of the 20 th century.\n\nKeywords: Muhammad Asad, Western civilization, Islamic civilization, exceptional thinking","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67886882,"asset_id":49562611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":95132065,"first_name":"Firuz-akhtar","last_name":"Lubis","domain_name":"ukm-my","page_name":"FiruzAkhtarMohamadBohari","display_name":"Firuz-akhtar Lubis","profile_url":"https://ukm-my.academia.edu/FiruzAkhtarMohamadBohari?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/95132065/26868065/28576506/s65_firuz_akhtar.mohamad_bohari.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1082,"name":"Travel Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Writing?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":21277,"name":"Travel Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Literature?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":149126,"name":"Western Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":161153,"name":"Thinking skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thinking_skills?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1969794,"name":"Muhammad Asad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muhammad_Asad?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7155411" data-work_id="7155411" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7155411/Menggali_Nalar_Saintifik_Peradaban_Islam_Husein_Heriyanto">Menggali Nalar Saintifik Peradaban Islam-Husein Heriyanto</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sesuai judulnya, buku "Menggali Nalar Saintifik Peradaban Islam" yang ditulis Husain Heriyanto ini semakin memperdalam penalaran atas peradaban Islam yang pernah berjaya di masa silam. Bahkan tidak berlebihan bila dikatakan, dari... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7155411" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sesuai judulnya, buku "Menggali Nalar Saintifik Peradaban Islam" yang ditulis Husain Heriyanto ini semakin memperdalam penalaran atas peradaban Islam yang pernah berjaya di masa silam. Bahkan tidak berlebihan bila dikatakan, dari "penggalian" penulisnya semakin menderaskan terpancarnya mata air ilmu pengetahuan sebagai salah satu elemen penting peradaban Islam. Dan karena derasnya mata air berbanding lurus dengan "kejernihan" air, maka objek kajian buku ini mampu memenuhi kedahagaan manusia modern yang hidup di tengah padang gersang materialisme.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7155411" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ecaa931980426b0d9c48c38516e79206" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33788821,"asset_id":7155411,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33788821/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3261079" href="https://wordpreess.academia.edu/WaOdeZainabZilullahToresano">Wa Ode Zainab Zilullah Toresano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3261079" type="text/json">{"id":3261079,"first_name":"Wa Ode Zainab","last_name":"Zilullah Toresano","domain_name":"wordpreess","page_name":"WaOdeZainabZilullahToresano","display_name":"Wa Ode Zainab Zilullah Toresano","profile_url":"https://wordpreess.academia.edu/WaOdeZainabZilullahToresano?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3261079/1078676/116441532/s65_wa_ode_zainab.zilullah_toresano.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7155411 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7155411"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7155411, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7155411", }); 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Bahkan tidak berlebihan bila dikatakan, dari \"penggalian\" penulisnya semakin menderaskan terpancarnya mata air ilmu pengetahuan sebagai salah satu elemen penting peradaban Islam. Dan karena derasnya mata air berbanding lurus dengan \"kejernihan\" air, maka objek kajian buku ini mampu memenuhi kedahagaan manusia modern yang hidup di tengah padang gersang materialisme.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33788821,"asset_id":7155411,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3261079,"first_name":"Wa Ode Zainab","last_name":"Zilullah Toresano","domain_name":"wordpreess","page_name":"WaOdeZainabZilullahToresano","display_name":"Wa Ode Zainab Zilullah Toresano","profile_url":"https://wordpreess.academia.edu/WaOdeZainabZilullahToresano?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3261079/1078676/116441532/s65_wa_ode_zainab.zilullah_toresano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":30552,"name":"Islamic Thought \u0026 Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Thought_and_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":48523,"name":"Book Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53014983 coauthored" data-work_id="53014983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53014983/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B1%D8%A4%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86">قراءة في فكر أعلام الأمة.. في رؤية ومنهاج الدكتو ر عبد الحميد أبو سليمان</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">إهداء من مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث تقديرًا وعرفانًا ووفاءً لجهود العالم الدكتور عبد الحميد أبو سليمان شكر وتقدير تتقدم أسرة مركز الإسلام في العالم المعاصر بجامعة شناندوا، إلي أسرة مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث، برئاسة العالمة الجليلة... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53014983" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">إهداء<br />من مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث<br />تقديرًا وعرفانًا ووفاءً لجهود<br />العالم الدكتور عبد الحميد أبو سليمان<br />شكر وتقدير<br /><br />تتقدم أسرة مركز الإسلام في العالم المعاصر بجامعة شناندوا،<br />إلي أسرة مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث، برئاسة العالمة<br />الجليلة والمفكرة الملهمة الأستاذة الدكتورة نادية مصطفي،<br />وفريق الباحثين المتميزين به تحت إشراف مديره التنفيذي<br />الأستاذ الفاضل مدحت ماهر، بخالص الشكر وعظيم التقدير<br />علي إهدائهم هذا العمل الحضاري القيم، وعلى ما بذلوه من<br />جهود مكثفة، ومنهجية رفيعة المستوي في فترة زمنية قياسية،<br />لإعداد مادة هذا الكتاب الذي بين يديكم، إعتزازاً ووفاءً<br />للأستاذ الدكتور عبد الحميد أبو سليمان‎.‎<br />لقد كانت الاستجابة السريعة، والرغبة الصادقة من الاستعاذة<br />الدكتورة نادية مصطفي لإنجاز هذا المشروع مبعث إجال<br />وامتنان، وقد حشدت له كل المصادر العلمية والطاقات البشرية<br />اللائقة ليصدر في أفضل صورة ممكنة. فجزاها الله خير<br />الجزاء، وبارك في جهودها ليواصل مركز الحضارة تحت<br />قيادتها رسالته العالمية‎.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53014983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e19b125544c4702347f06b9f9d4b0b86" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69998036,"asset_id":53014983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38864" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Islam">Contemporary Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38864" type="text/json">{"id":38864,"name":"Contemporary Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: 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الفاضل مدحت ماهر، بخالص الشكر وعظيم التقدير\nعلي إهدائهم هذا العمل الحضاري القيم، وعلى ما بذلوه من\nجهود مكثفة، ومنهجية رفيعة المستوي في فترة زمنية قياسية،\nلإعداد مادة هذا الكتاب الذي بين يديكم، إعتزازاً ووفاءً\nللأستاذ الدكتور عبد الحميد أبو سليمان‎.‎\nلقد كانت الاستجابة السريعة، والرغبة الصادقة من الاستعاذة\nالدكتورة نادية مصطفي لإنجاز هذا المشروع مبعث إجال\nوامتنان، وقد حشدت له كل المصادر العلمية والطاقات البشرية\nاللائقة ليصدر في أفضل صورة ممكنة. فجزاها الله خير\nالجزاء، وبارك في جهودها ليواصل مركز الحضارة تحت\nقيادتها رسالته العالمية‎.‎\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69998036,"asset_id":53014983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65170660,"first_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman","last_name":"د. عبد الحميد أبو سليمان","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"دعبدالحميدأبوسليمانDrAbdulHamidAbuSulayman","display_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman د. عبد الحميد أبو 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The paper proves that Islam has a very strong and old  heritage that contributed to the contemporary world civilization.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12926531" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c458c77380714099ffb8bde76d743c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37883817,"asset_id":12926531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37883817/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31285532" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrAbdallahKheri">Dr. Abdallah Kheri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31285532" type="text/json">{"id":31285532,"first_name":"Dr. Abdallah","last_name":"Kheri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrAbdallahKheri","display_name":"Dr. Abdallah Kheri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrAbdallahKheri?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31285532/9209836/10268831/s65_dr._abdallah.kheir.jpg_oh_21b4c9d5ff716e99e20c92eb033f719e_oe_55c58c9f___gda___1439452403_d1d6599c3440f622d36f6fb5ae717f83"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12926531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12926531"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12926531, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12926531", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12926531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12926531; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12926531"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12926531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12926531"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12926531; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12926531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12926531").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12926531").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12926531"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12926531]'), work: {"id":12926531,"title":"Islamic Civilization and Culture ","created_at":"2015-06-11T07:29:06.322-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12926531/Islamic_Civilization_and_Culture?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_12926531","summary":"The study explains how Islam has contributed to the world civilization and culture. The paper proves that Islam has a very strong and old heritage that contributed to the contemporary world civilization. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37883817,"asset_id":12926531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31285532,"first_name":"Dr. Abdallah","last_name":"Kheri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrAbdallahKheri","display_name":"Dr. Abdallah Kheri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrAbdallahKheri?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31285532/9209836/10268831/s65_dr._abdallah.kheir.jpg_oh_21b4c9d5ff716e99e20c92eb033f719e_oe_55c58c9f___gda___1439452403_d1d6599c3440f622d36f6fb5ae717f83"}],"research_interests":[{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32347531" data-work_id="32347531" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32347531/Science_and_Civilization_in_Islam_by_Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr_A_Book_Summary_and_Review">Science and Civilization in Islam by Seyyed Hossein Nasr: A Book Summary and Review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article summarizes and reviews Science and Civilization in Islam by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, which was first published in 1968 by Harvard University Press, and later republished in 1987 by the same publisher. This book aims at presenting... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32347531" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article summarizes and reviews Science and Civilization in Islam by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, which was first published in 1968 by Harvard University Press, and later republished in 1987 by the same publisher. This book aims at presenting certain aspects of Islamic sciences through the historical perspective with the narrative descriptive method of writing.  This book consists of thirteen chapters including the explanations about the characteristics of the figures who made contributions in the cultivation of Islamic sciences and civilization; classification of science in Islamic medieval world; educational and intellectual institutions; sciences such as cosmology, physics, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, alchemy (chemistry), gnostics (illuminative knowledge), and so on; and, more important, the nature of Islamic civilization and of Islamic sciences themselves.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32347531" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b0abbc924da305195e0b0cc21743050" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52556281,"asset_id":32347531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52556281/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4833194" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/YogiRinaldi">Yogi Rinaldi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4833194" type="text/json">{"id":4833194,"first_name":"Yogi","last_name":"Rinaldi","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"YogiRinaldi","display_name":"Yogi Rinaldi","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/YogiRinaldi?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4833194/2066260/14814214/s65_yogi.rinaldi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32347531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32347531"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32347531, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32347531", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32347531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32347531").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32347531").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32347531"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Science">Islamic Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35628" type="text/json">{"id":35628,"name":"Islamic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32347531]'), work: {"id":32347531,"title":"Science and Civilization in Islam by Seyyed Hossein Nasr: A Book Summary and Review","created_at":"2017-04-09T02:41:50.036-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32347531/Science_and_Civilization_in_Islam_by_Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr_A_Book_Summary_and_Review?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_32347531","summary":"This article summarizes and reviews Science and Civilization in Islam by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, which was first published in 1968 by Harvard University Press, and later republished in 1987 by the same publisher. This book aims at presenting certain aspects of Islamic sciences through the historical perspective with the narrative descriptive method of writing. This book consists of thirteen chapters including the explanations about the characteristics of the figures who made contributions in the cultivation of Islamic sciences and civilization; classification of science in Islamic medieval world; educational and intellectual institutions; sciences such as cosmology, physics, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, alchemy (chemistry), gnostics (illuminative knowledge), and so on; and, more important, the nature of Islamic civilization and of Islamic sciences themselves. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52556281,"asset_id":32347531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4833194,"first_name":"Yogi","last_name":"Rinaldi","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"YogiRinaldi","display_name":"Yogi Rinaldi","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/YogiRinaldi?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4833194/2066260/14814214/s65_yogi.rinaldi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":35628,"name":"Islamic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":652170,"name":"Seyyed Hossein Nasr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23253546" data-work_id="23253546" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23253546/Islam_sebagai_Agama_dan_Peradaban">Islam sebagai Agama dan Peradaban</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Islam and civilization can not be separated. Since its presence, Islam has brought the concept and mission of civilization that is inherent in it. Islamic civilization sourced from dîn (religion) which came from the revelation of Allah.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23253546" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Islam and civilization can not be separated. Since its presence, Islam has brought the concept and mission of civilization that is inherent in it. Islamic civilization sourced from dîn (religion) which came from the revelation of Allah. That is why the civilization well known as tamaddun or madaniyyah, because it comes from that dîn. Then the high expression tamaddun Islam in the history of human civilization got its place in Yathrib wich later turned into Medina. So, Medina is the place where tamaddun was proclaimed to the whole world as described by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. And madaniyyah, according to Muhammad 'Abduh is more appropriately used to refer to Islamic civilization, because the spiritual aroma-religion (al-dîn) is more pronounced and prominent. Departing from this, this article will break down the details of the meaning and concept of civilization, in which the comparison will be made between the concepts of Western civilization with Islamic civilization.This is necessary in order to provide a clearer distinction of the two concepts of civilization.This article will also review the nature of Islam as dîn and tamaddun-madaniyyah with based on the views of the two great Muslim thinkers, Muhammad 'Abduh and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. In addition will include also a critique of modern Western civilization, which is currently hegemonic civilization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23253546" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cc382da94bb5dc365fbf484055b69d4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43732992,"asset_id":23253546,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43732992/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24270960" href="https://independent.academia.edu/QDzulhadi">Qosim Dzulhadi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24270960" type="text/json">{"id":24270960,"first_name":"Qosim","last_name":"Dzulhadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"QDzulhadi","display_name":"Qosim Dzulhadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/QDzulhadi?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24270960/7341317/14998414/s65_qosim.dzulhadi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23253546 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23253546"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23253546, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23253546", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23253546 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23253546; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23253546"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23253546 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23253546"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23253546; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23253546]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23253546").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23253546").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23253546"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23253546]'), work: {"id":23253546,"title":"Islam sebagai Agama dan Peradaban","created_at":"2016-03-14T19:42:05.908-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23253546/Islam_sebagai_Agama_dan_Peradaban?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_23253546","summary":"Islam and civilization can not be separated. Since its presence, Islam has brought the concept and mission of civilization that is inherent in it. Islamic civilization sourced from dîn (religion) which came from the revelation of Allah. That is why the civilization well known as tamaddun or madaniyyah, because it comes from that dîn. Then the high expression tamaddun Islam in the history of human civilization got its place in Yathrib wich later turned into Medina. So, Medina is the place where tamaddun was proclaimed to the whole world as described by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. And madaniyyah, according to Muhammad 'Abduh is more appropriately used to refer to Islamic civilization, because the spiritual aroma-religion (al-dîn) is more pronounced and prominent. Departing from this, this article will break down the details of the meaning and concept of civilization, in which the comparison will be made between the concepts of Western civilization with Islamic civilization.This is necessary in order to provide a clearer distinction of the two concepts of civilization.This article will also review the nature of Islam as dîn and tamaddun-madaniyyah with based on the views of the two great Muslim thinkers, Muhammad 'Abduh and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. In addition will include also a critique of modern Western civilization, which is currently hegemonic civilization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43732992,"asset_id":23253546,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24270960,"first_name":"Qosim","last_name":"Dzulhadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"QDzulhadi","display_name":"Qosim Dzulhadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/QDzulhadi?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24270960/7341317/14998414/s65_qosim.dzulhadi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38247321" data-work_id="38247321" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38247321/HISTORY_OF_ISLAMIC_THINKING_AND_PERIOD_OF_THE_ABBASIYAH_DYNASTY_PERIOD_docx">HISTORY OF ISLAMIC THINKING AND PERIOD OF THE ABBASIYAH DYNASTY PERIOD.docx</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38247321" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="20e1b51a5d1c3687cabefdfc226ed6b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58289555,"asset_id":38247321,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58289555/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48752581" href="https://independent.academia.edu/nursehaputri">nur seha putri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48752581" type="text/json">{"id":48752581,"first_name":"nur seha","last_name":"putri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"nursehaputri","display_name":"nur seha putri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/nursehaputri?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48752581/16555249/16880996/s65_nur_seha.putri.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38247321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38247321"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38247321, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38247321", }); 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The Prophet Muḥammad, Peace be upon him, very alive to the influence of the Byzantines in the area, invited him to embrace Islam. In traditional... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44588009" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">During the emperor Heraclius (610 -643 AD), time on the throne of the Byzantine Empire. The Prophet Muḥammad, Peace be upon him, very alive to the influence of the Byzantines in the area, invited him to embrace Islam. In traditional Muslim books, we find, the emperor Heraclius is depicted as a fair and merciful ruler, active, endowed with wisdom and experience, humane, diligent and an exemplary ruler. The Byzantine chroniclers describe his appearance as blue-eyed, with fair skin with a head full of hair.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44588009" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e12ebef277cf4a7455948879dba0a573" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65045950,"asset_id":44588009,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65045950/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11875431" href="https://jazan.academia.edu/RajaHussain">Raja M Hussain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11875431" type="text/json">{"id":11875431,"first_name":"Raja","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"jazan","page_name":"RajaHussain","display_name":"Raja M Hussain","profile_url":"https://jazan.academia.edu/RajaHussain?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11875431/44292865/34917273/s65_raja.hussain.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44588009 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44588009"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44588009, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44588009", }); 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The Prophet Muḥammad, Peace be upon him, very alive to the influence of the Byzantines in the area, invited him to embrace Islam. In traditional Muslim books, we find, the emperor Heraclius is depicted as a fair and merciful ruler, active, endowed with wisdom and experience, humane, diligent and an exemplary ruler. The Byzantine chroniclers describe his appearance as blue-eyed, with fair skin with a head full of hair.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65045950,"asset_id":44588009,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11875431,"first_name":"Raja","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"jazan","page_name":"RajaHussain","display_name":"Raja M Hussain","profile_url":"https://jazan.academia.edu/RajaHussain?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11875431/44292865/34917273/s65_raja.hussain.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":70467,"name":"Hercules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hercules?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":688991,"name":"Byzantine Civilisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Civilisation?f_ri=354849"},{"id":739220,"name":"Mideaval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mideaval_History?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29877019 coauthored" data-work_id="29877019" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29877019/MIGRASI_DAKWAH_DAN_IMPAKNYA_TERHADAP_PERKEMBANGAN_ISLAM_DI_SABAH_DARI_SUDUT_DEMOGRAFI_DAN_POLITIK">MIGRASI DAKWAH DAN IMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI SABAH DARI SUDUT DEMOGRAFI DAN POLITIK</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRAK Kajian lepas yang membahaskan tentang dimensi migrasi yang berlaku di Sabah telah mengetengahkan dua bentuk dimensi iaitu dimensi pelarian warga Selatan Filipina dan dimensi ekonomi daripada warga Indonesia, Pakistan, Filipina dan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29877019" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRAK Kajian lepas yang membahaskan tentang dimensi migrasi yang berlaku di Sabah telah mengetengahkan dua bentuk dimensi iaitu dimensi pelarian warga Selatan Filipina dan dimensi ekonomi daripada warga Indonesia, Pakistan, Filipina dan lain-lain lagi. Dua dimensi ini dilihat dominan kerana gelombang kedatangan mereka yang ramai. Bagaimanapun, dimensi migrasi bukan hanya terhad kepada dua bentuk tersebut sahaja. Migrasi dakwah turut berlaku kerana ia terbukti telah memberi impak kepada demografi Sabah daripada minoriti Islam kepada majoriti Islam sehingga Islam menjadi agama rasmi negeri. Kajian ini akan menganalisis fakta migrasi dakwah yang berlaku serta impaknya terhadap perkembangan demografi dan politik Islam di Sabah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disusun secara tematik. Hasil kajian mendapati migrasi dakwah telah benar-benar berlaku di Sabah iaitu melalui migrasi agamawan sama ada dari dalam mahupun luar, migrasi besar-besaran migran Muslim pelarian dan ekonomi yang menyumbang kepada pertambahan populasi Muslim serta migrasi dalaman melalui pemindahan orang-orang Islam ke tempat-tempat tertentu bagi membentuk penempatan Islam. Kajian ini berharap dapat mengetengahkan satu lagi bentuk dimensi migrasi yang turut berlaku iaitu migrasi dakwah yang telah menjadi salah satu pemangkin kepada perkembangan Islam di Sabah.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29877019" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="988cfde8e90299c358198a03a4a834fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50344162,"asset_id":29877019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50344162/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="56973795" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AzizahKassim">Azizah Kassim</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="56973795" type="text/json">{"id":56973795,"first_name":"Azizah","last_name":"Kassim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AzizahKassim","display_name":"Azizah Kassim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AzizahKassim?f_ri=354849","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29877019">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29877019"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ums.academia.edu/MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin">Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29877019'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29877019').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29877019 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29877019"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29877019; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29877019]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29877019").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29877019").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29877019"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="259724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syariah">Syariah</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="259724" type="text/json">{"id":259724,"name":"Syariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syariah?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2570373" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Migration">Islamic Migration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2570373" type="text/json">{"id":2570373,"name":"Islamic Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Migration?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29877019]'), work: {"id":29877019,"title":"MIGRASI DAKWAH DAN IMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI SABAH DARI SUDUT DEMOGRAFI DAN POLITIK","created_at":"2016-11-16T00:12:08.095-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29877019/MIGRASI_DAKWAH_DAN_IMPAKNYA_TERHADAP_PERKEMBANGAN_ISLAM_DI_SABAH_DARI_SUDUT_DEMOGRAFI_DAN_POLITIK?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_29877019","summary":"ABSTRAK Kajian lepas yang membahaskan tentang dimensi migrasi yang berlaku di Sabah telah mengetengahkan dua bentuk dimensi iaitu dimensi pelarian warga Selatan Filipina dan dimensi ekonomi daripada warga Indonesia, Pakistan, Filipina dan lain-lain lagi. Dua dimensi ini dilihat dominan kerana gelombang kedatangan mereka yang ramai. Bagaimanapun, dimensi migrasi bukan hanya terhad kepada dua bentuk tersebut sahaja. Migrasi dakwah turut berlaku kerana ia terbukti telah memberi impak kepada demografi Sabah daripada minoriti Islam kepada majoriti Islam sehingga Islam menjadi agama rasmi negeri. Kajian ini akan menganalisis fakta migrasi dakwah yang berlaku serta impaknya terhadap perkembangan demografi dan politik Islam di Sabah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disusun secara tematik. Hasil kajian mendapati migrasi dakwah telah benar-benar berlaku di Sabah iaitu melalui migrasi agamawan sama ada dari dalam mahupun luar, migrasi besar-besaran migran Muslim pelarian dan ekonomi yang menyumbang kepada pertambahan populasi Muslim serta migrasi dalaman melalui pemindahan orang-orang Islam ke tempat-tempat tertentu bagi membentuk penempatan Islam. Kajian ini berharap dapat mengetengahkan satu lagi bentuk dimensi migrasi yang turut berlaku iaitu migrasi dakwah yang telah menjadi salah satu pemangkin kepada perkembangan Islam di Sabah.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50344162,"asset_id":29877019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":56973795,"first_name":"Azizah","last_name":"Kassim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AzizahKassim","display_name":"Azizah Kassim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AzizahKassim?f_ri=354849","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":26154875,"first_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah","last_name":"Hajimin","domain_name":"ums","page_name":"MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin","display_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin","profile_url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26154875/14675446/36284168/s65_mohd_nur_hidayat_hasbollah.hajimin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":259724,"name":"Syariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syariah?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":2570373,"name":"Islamic Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Migration?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35283829" data-work_id="35283829" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35283829/Sejarah_Politik_dan_Kepemimpinan_dalam_Islam">Sejarah Politik dan Kepemimpinan dalam Islam</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Politik merupakan suatu pembahasan yang tiada habisnya meski dikupas sedemikian rupa. Di dalam dunia Islam, politik tentu saja berkembang sesuai dengan berputarnya waktu yang ada. Jika ditelaah lebih dalam, kita akan mendapati upaya-upaya... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35283829" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Politik merupakan suatu pembahasan yang tiada habisnya meski dikupas sedemikian rupa. Di dalam dunia Islam, politik tentu saja berkembang sesuai dengan berputarnya waktu yang ada. Jika ditelaah lebih dalam, kita akan mendapati upaya-upaya politis pada zaman Nabi, sampai ke era kontemporer ini. Definisi politik dari segi definisi memang luas, tetapi dalam makalah ini, saya akan lebih memfokuskan ke sisi pemerintahan, sistem pemerintahan, dan kekuasaan dari masa ke masa di dalam sejarah peradaban Islam. <br />Sejarah membuktikan bagaimana agama Islam mempunyai kejayaan di masa lampau dari zaman Rasulullah SAW sampai dengan kekhalifahan terakhir di zaman Dinasti Utsmani (ottoman empire). Keberhasilan ini tidak luput dari peranan Rasulullah SAW sebagai pemimpin pertama umat Islam sekaligus central kepemimpinan dunia Arab. <br />Dalam hal politik Rasulullah SAW membuat berbagai kebijakan di antaranya Piagam Madinah. Di dalam piagam Madinah tersebut Rasulullah dapat menjadi penengah pertikaian yang terjadi baik karena isu kesukuan, maupun keagamaan. <br />Dari beberapa paparan tersebut dapat di ambil kesimpulan bahwa Rasulullah menjadi teladan dalam kepemimpinan atau pun yang menyangkut dengan kebijakan politik. Hal ini membuat saya ingin mengupas lebih dalam sistem politik dan kepemimpinan dalam Islam, terutama dari zaman Rasulullah sampai abad pertengahan dunia Islam.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35283829" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="441530b2a626826330c7da405825df7e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55148415,"asset_id":35283829,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55148415/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21200097" href="https://fitk-uinjkt.academia.edu/adjiesamudera">adjie samudera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21200097" type="text/json">{"id":21200097,"first_name":"adjie","last_name":"samudera","domain_name":"fitk-uinjkt","page_name":"adjiesamudera","display_name":"adjie samudera","profile_url":"https://fitk-uinjkt.academia.edu/adjiesamudera?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21200097/18027693/39707914/s65_adjie.samudera.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35283829 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35283829"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35283829, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35283829", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35283829]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35283829").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35283829").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35283829"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35283829]'), work: {"id":35283829,"title":"Sejarah Politik dan Kepemimpinan dalam Islam","created_at":"2017-11-29T00:11:59.604-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35283829/Sejarah_Politik_dan_Kepemimpinan_dalam_Islam?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_35283829","summary":"Politik merupakan suatu pembahasan yang tiada habisnya meski dikupas sedemikian rupa. Di dalam dunia Islam, politik tentu saja berkembang sesuai dengan berputarnya waktu yang ada. Jika ditelaah lebih dalam, kita akan mendapati upaya-upaya politis pada zaman Nabi, sampai ke era kontemporer ini. Definisi politik dari segi definisi memang luas, tetapi dalam makalah ini, saya akan lebih memfokuskan ke sisi pemerintahan, sistem pemerintahan, dan kekuasaan dari masa ke masa di dalam sejarah peradaban Islam.\r\nSejarah membuktikan bagaimana agama Islam mempunyai kejayaan di masa lampau dari zaman Rasulullah SAW sampai dengan kekhalifahan terakhir di zaman Dinasti Utsmani (ottoman empire). Keberhasilan ini tidak luput dari peranan Rasulullah SAW sebagai pemimpin pertama umat Islam sekaligus central kepemimpinan dunia Arab.\r\nDalam hal politik Rasulullah SAW membuat berbagai kebijakan di antaranya Piagam Madinah. Di dalam piagam Madinah tersebut Rasulullah dapat menjadi penengah pertikaian yang terjadi baik karena isu kesukuan, maupun keagamaan.\r\nDari beberapa paparan tersebut dapat di ambil kesimpulan bahwa Rasulullah menjadi teladan dalam kepemimpinan atau pun yang menyangkut dengan kebijakan politik. Hal ini membuat saya ingin mengupas lebih dalam sistem politik dan kepemimpinan dalam Islam, terutama dari zaman Rasulullah sampai abad pertengahan dunia Islam.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55148415,"asset_id":35283829,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21200097,"first_name":"adjie","last_name":"samudera","domain_name":"fitk-uinjkt","page_name":"adjiesamudera","display_name":"adjie samudera","profile_url":"https://fitk-uinjkt.academia.edu/adjiesamudera?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21200097/18027693/39707914/s65_adjie.samudera.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32725489" data-work_id="32725489" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32725489/Migrasi_dan_Impaknya_Terhadap_Kepelbagaian_Etnik_Islam_di_Sabah">Migrasi dan Impaknya Terhadap Kepelbagaian Etnik Islam di Sabah</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstrak: Migrasi bukanlah suatu fenomena baharu di Sabah. Sebelum penjajahan lagi sehinggalah Sabah mencapai kemerdekaan, gelombang migrasi terus berlaku dan tidak mempunyai tanda berhenti. Terdapat banyak kajian telah dijalankan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32725489" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstrak: Migrasi bukanlah suatu fenomena baharu di Sabah. Sebelum penjajahan lagi sehinggalah Sabah mencapai kemerdekaan, gelombang migrasi terus berlaku dan tidak mempunyai tanda berhenti. Terdapat banyak kajian telah dijalankan berhubung fenomena migrasi di Sabah. Kesan mahupun impak migrasi merupakan topik yang sering menjadi tumpuan para pengkaji. Bagaimanapun kurang kajian migrasi dari sisi pandang agama. Oleh itu kertas kerja ini akan membahaskan berhubung impak migrasi terhadap kepelbagaian etnik Islam di Sabah. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif dan dijalankan dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kandungan. Kajian mendapati bahawa migrasi etnik dominan Islam daripada Brunei, Filipina dan Indonesia bukan sahaja membentuk kepelbagaian etnik Islam, malah menjadikan Islam sebagai kumpulan majoriti dianuti di Sabah. Sekali gus memberi impak yang besar apabila Islam menjadi agama rasmi negeri Sabah. Kajian ini diharapkan menjadi titik tolak kepada kajian migrasi dari perspektif agama di Malaysia amnya dan Sabah khususnya pada masa akan datang.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32725489" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ee3a51cbd73e835f359317b4cacc1669" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52884621,"asset_id":32725489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52884621/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26154875" href="https://ums.academia.edu/MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin">Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26154875" type="text/json">{"id":26154875,"first_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah","last_name":"Hajimin","domain_name":"ums","page_name":"MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin","display_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin","profile_url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26154875/14675446/36284168/s65_mohd_nur_hidayat_hasbollah.hajimin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32725489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32725489"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32725489, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32725489", }); 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Sebelum penjajahan lagi sehinggalah Sabah mencapai kemerdekaan, gelombang migrasi terus berlaku dan tidak mempunyai tanda berhenti. Terdapat banyak kajian telah dijalankan berhubung fenomena migrasi di Sabah. Kesan mahupun impak migrasi merupakan topik yang sering menjadi tumpuan para pengkaji. Bagaimanapun kurang kajian migrasi dari sisi pandang agama. Oleh itu kertas kerja ini akan membahaskan berhubung impak migrasi terhadap kepelbagaian etnik Islam di Sabah. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif dan dijalankan dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kandungan. Kajian mendapati bahawa migrasi etnik dominan Islam daripada Brunei, Filipina dan Indonesia bukan sahaja membentuk kepelbagaian etnik Islam, malah menjadikan Islam sebagai kumpulan majoriti dianuti di Sabah. Sekali gus memberi impak yang besar apabila Islam menjadi agama rasmi negeri Sabah. Kajian ini diharapkan menjadi titik tolak kepada kajian migrasi dari perspektif agama di Malaysia amnya dan Sabah khususnya pada masa akan datang.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52884621,"asset_id":32725489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26154875,"first_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah","last_name":"Hajimin","domain_name":"ums","page_name":"MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin","display_name":"Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin","profile_url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MohdNurHidayatHasbollahHajimin?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26154875/14675446/36284168/s65_mohd_nur_hidayat_hasbollah.hajimin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":259724,"name":"Syariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syariah?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic 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na europejską cywilizację</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Wpływ cywilizacji islamskiej na europejską cywilizację jest niezaprzeczalny.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34279499" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="440ca83389c288c5c50396473a507fe3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54186165,"asset_id":34279499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm 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type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: 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href="https://www.academia.edu/32146386/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9_docx">براءة من براءة الإسلام من براءة الاختراع.docx</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">مراجعة نقدية لمقالة الدكتور جميل أكبر حول عدم جواز العمل ببراءة الاختراع في الشريعة الإسلامية</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32146386" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism">Urbanism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9437" type="text/json">{"id":9437,"name":"Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21928" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance">Islamic Finance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21928" type="text/json">{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32146386]'), work: {"id":32146386,"title":"براءة من براءة الإسلام من براءة الاختراع.docx","created_at":"2017-03-30T10:58:30.122-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32146386/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9_docx?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_32146386","summary":"مراجعة نقدية لمقالة الدكتور جميل أكبر حول عدم جواز العمل ببراءة الاختراع في الشريعة الإسلامية ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52386616,"asset_id":32146386,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16591746,"first_name":"mustapha","last_name":"benhamouche","domain_name":"uni-blida","page_name":"mustaphabenhamouche","display_name":"mustapha 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City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Islamic_City?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42087501" data-work_id="42087501" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42087501/%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A">في أروقة التاريخ: الجزء الثاني</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">دار التقوى - العلم والمعرفة</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button 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u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83325258" href="https://menofia.academia.edu/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A">محمد إلهامي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83325258" type="text/json">{"id":83325258,"first_name":"محمد","last_name":"إلهامي","domain_name":"menofia","page_name":"محمدإلهامي","display_name":"محمد إلهامي","profile_url":"https://menofia.academia.edu/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83325258/20529490/31116268/s65__._.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42087501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42087501"><i class="u-m1x fa 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8700" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies">Turkish and Middle East Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8700" type="text/json">{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42087501]'), work: {"id":42087501,"title":"في أروقة التاريخ: الجزء الثاني","created_at":"2020-02-27T09:59:49.778-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42087501/%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_42087501","summary":"دار التقوى - العلم 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36677990" href="https://ump.academia.edu/YiChong">Yi Chong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36677990" type="text/json">{"id":36677990,"first_name":"Yi","last_name":"Chong","domain_name":"ump","page_name":"YiChong","display_name":"Yi Chong","profile_url":"https://ump.academia.edu/YiChong?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36677990/12150334/20655329/s65_yi.chong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17108022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17108022"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17108022, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17108022", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17108022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41280707" data-work_id="41280707" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41280707/PIAGAM_MADINAH">PIAGAM MADINAH</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Yatsrib merupakan kota kedua tempat Nabi Muhammad berhijrah setelah Habasyah. Yang merupakan negara Islam pertama yang dikenal dengan sebutan Madinah. Hijrah Nabi ke Yatsrib karena adanya permintaan para sesepuh Yatsrib dengan tujuan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41280707" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Yatsrib merupakan kota kedua tempat Nabi Muhammad berhijrah setelah Habasyah. Yang merupakan negara Islam pertama yang dikenal dengan sebutan Madinah. Hijrah Nabi ke Yatsrib karena adanya permintaan para sesepuh Yatsrib dengan tujuan supaya Nabi dapat menyatukan masyarakat yang berselisih paham pada saat kondisi politik,ekonomi, sosial dan agama sangat kacau, dan dalam waktu yang bersamaan Nabi adalah pemimpin agama dan Kepala Negara yang diterima oleh semua golongan. Pada tahun 622 Masehi Nabi Muhammad S.A.W telah membentuk dasar pemerintahan dan pembentukan Islam dengan menyusun Piagam Madinah (Shahifatul Madinah). Adapun yang melatar belakangi dibentuknya Piagam Madinah oleh Nabi Muhammad adalah untuk membentuk perdamaian antar bangsa yang mencakup lingkup perdamaian. Dan apa yang dituangkan dalam Piagam Madinah adalah penjabaran dari prinsip-prinsip kemasyarakatan yang diajarkan al-quran sekalipun wahyu belum lagi rampung diturunkan. Piagam Madinah merupakan perintah yang bersifat universal (Perjanjian Syamilah), yakni dalam arti pola hidup yang mendunia terkait dengan kecenderungan bangsa-bangsa di dunia untuk melaksanakan hak-hak asasi, kebebasan berkeyakinan dan berpendapat, bersama-sama memerangi kemisikinan, mewujudkan kesejahteraan, dan menciptakan perdamaian dunia yang bertujuan untuk menegakkan suatu tatanan masyarakat.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41280707" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e1a052ccf638d596993a9f3318ffd0c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61499798,"asset_id":41280707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61499798/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10787489" href="https://uin-mlg.academia.edu/JafarShodiq">Jafar Shodiq</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10787489" type="text/json">{"id":10787489,"first_name":"Jafar","last_name":"Shodiq","domain_name":"uin-mlg","page_name":"JafarShodiq","display_name":"Jafar Shodiq","profile_url":"https://uin-mlg.academia.edu/JafarShodiq?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10787489/3667110/4299669/s65_ja_far.shodiq.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41280707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41280707"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41280707, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41280707", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41280707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41280707").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41280707").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41280707"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" type="text/json">{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296926" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture">Islamic Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="296926" type="text/json">{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41280707]'), work: {"id":41280707,"title":"PIAGAM MADINAH","created_at":"2019-12-12T20:13:17.923-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41280707/PIAGAM_MADINAH?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_41280707","summary":"Yatsrib merupakan kota kedua tempat Nabi Muhammad berhijrah setelah Habasyah. Yang merupakan negara Islam pertama yang dikenal dengan sebutan Madinah. Hijrah Nabi ke Yatsrib karena adanya permintaan para sesepuh Yatsrib dengan tujuan supaya Nabi dapat menyatukan masyarakat yang berselisih paham pada saat kondisi politik,ekonomi, sosial dan agama sangat kacau, dan dalam waktu yang bersamaan Nabi adalah pemimpin agama dan Kepala Negara yang diterima oleh semua golongan. Pada tahun 622 Masehi Nabi Muhammad S.A.W telah membentuk dasar pemerintahan dan pembentukan Islam dengan menyusun Piagam Madinah (Shahifatul Madinah). Adapun yang melatar belakangi dibentuknya Piagam Madinah oleh Nabi Muhammad adalah untuk membentuk perdamaian antar bangsa yang mencakup lingkup perdamaian. Dan apa yang dituangkan dalam Piagam Madinah adalah penjabaran dari prinsip-prinsip kemasyarakatan yang diajarkan al-quran sekalipun wahyu belum lagi rampung diturunkan. Piagam Madinah merupakan perintah yang bersifat universal (Perjanjian Syamilah), yakni dalam arti pola hidup yang mendunia terkait dengan kecenderungan bangsa-bangsa di dunia untuk melaksanakan hak-hak asasi, kebebasan berkeyakinan dan berpendapat, bersama-sama memerangi kemisikinan, mewujudkan kesejahteraan, dan menciptakan perdamaian dunia yang bertujuan untuk menegakkan suatu tatanan masyarakat.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61499798,"asset_id":41280707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10787489,"first_name":"Jafar","last_name":"Shodiq","domain_name":"uin-mlg","page_name":"JafarShodiq","display_name":"Jafar Shodiq","profile_url":"https://uin-mlg.academia.edu/JafarShodiq?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10787489/3667110/4299669/s65_ja_far.shodiq.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1723798,"name":"Piagam Madinah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Piagam_Madinah?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46864075" data-work_id="46864075" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46864075/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_Russian_Language">The Arts of Islamic Civilization (Искусство исламской цивилизации) Russian Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46864075" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a "Qur'ānic culture"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as "Qur'ānic" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46864075" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a365635cdcdf4b9e8798cd6a2af1ad88" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66266992,"asset_id":46864075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66266992/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46864075 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46864075"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46864075, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46864075", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46864075]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46864075").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46864075").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46864075"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1">Quranic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation">Revelation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10942" type="text/json">{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27669" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran">Quran</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27669" type="text/json">{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46864075]'), work: {"id":46864075,"title":"The Arts of Islamic Civilization (Искусство исламской цивилизации) Russian Language","created_at":"2021-04-14T09:19:56.737-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46864075/The_Arts_of_Islamic_Civilization_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_Russian_Language?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_46864075","summary":"In dealing with any aspect of Islamic civilization, its final raison d'etre and creative base must be seen ‎as resting on the Qur'ān. Islamic culture is, in fact, a \"Qur'ānic culture\"; for its definitions, its ‎structures, its goals, and its methods for execution of those goals are all derived from that series of ‎revelations from God to the Prophet Muhammad. Without that revelation, the culture could not have ‎been generated; without that revelation, there could have been neither an Islamic religion, an Islamic ‎state, an Islamic philosophy, an Islamic law, an Islamic society, nor an Islamic political or economic ‎organization. Just as surely as these aspects of Islamic culture may be rightly seen as Qur'ānic in basis ‎and motivation, in implementation and goal, the arts of Islamic civilization should also be viewed as ‎aesthetic expressions of similar derivation and realization. Yes, the Islamic arts are indeed Qur'ānic arts. ‎How then are the Islamic arts to be seen as \"Qur'ānic\" expressions in color, in line, in movement, in ‎shape, and in sound? This is the subject of this work.‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66266992,"asset_id":46864075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":10942,"name":"Revelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revelation?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":27669,"name":"Quran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27116526" data-work_id="27116526" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27116526/SISTEM_PENDIDIKAN_NEGARA_ABAD_KE_21_BRUNEI_DARUSSALAM_DALAM_MELESTARI_KETAMADUNAN_ISLAM_NEGARA_ZIKIR_CABARAN_DAN_HARAPAN">SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NEGARA ABAD KE-21 BRUNEI DARUSSALAM DALAM MELESTARI KETAMADUNAN ISLAM NEGARA ZIKIR: CABARAN DAN HARAPAN</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The education system plays an important role in contributing to the development and preserving the civilization of a country taking into account the importance of the mental, physical and spiritual, and spiritual aspects. National... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27116526" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The education system plays an important role in contributing to the development and preserving the civilization of a country taking into account the importance of the mental, physical and spiritual, and spiritual aspects. National Education System of the 21st Century (SPN21) is a holistic education system. By using the library and a number of previous studies, this article describes the National Education System of the 21st Century (SPN21) preserving the Islamic civilization in the National Remembrance and submit education by example and has characteristic murabbi in the process of teaching and learning in SPN21 by focusing on student (student centered learning) as an approach. With it, SPN21 will give an impact in addressing the problems of globalization that such an impact on the thinking and moral development of the individual student Islam in Brunei Darussalam</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27116526" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="343a82316968071d032d1731b5c3df1f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47366861,"asset_id":27116526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47366861/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51166728" href="https://malaya.academia.edu/JournalofAqidahandIslamicThoughtAFKAR">Journal of 'Aqidah & Islamic Thought AFKAR</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51166728" type="text/json">{"id":51166728,"first_name":"Journal of 'Aqidah \u0026 Islamic Thought","last_name":"AFKAR","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"JournalofAqidahandIslamicThoughtAFKAR","display_name":"Journal of 'Aqidah \u0026 Islamic Thought AFKAR","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/JournalofAqidahandIslamicThoughtAFKAR?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51166728/18692669/18650000/s65_journal_of_aqidah_and_islamic_thought.afkar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27116526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27116526"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27116526, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27116526", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27116526]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27116526").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27116526").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27116526"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1439" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization">Globalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1439" type="text/json">{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="124971" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Systems">Education Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="124971" type="text/json">{"id":124971,"name":"Education Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Systems?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="791619" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalisasi">Globalisasi</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="791619" type="text/json">{"id":791619,"name":"Globalisasi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalisasi?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27116526]'), work: {"id":27116526,"title":"SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NEGARA ABAD KE-21 BRUNEI DARUSSALAM DALAM MELESTARI KETAMADUNAN ISLAM NEGARA ZIKIR: CABARAN DAN HARAPAN","created_at":"2016-07-19T20:02:55.267-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27116526/SISTEM_PENDIDIKAN_NEGARA_ABAD_KE_21_BRUNEI_DARUSSALAM_DALAM_MELESTARI_KETAMADUNAN_ISLAM_NEGARA_ZIKIR_CABARAN_DAN_HARAPAN?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_27116526","summary":"The education system plays an important role in contributing to the development and preserving the civilization of a country taking into account the importance of the mental, physical and spiritual, and spiritual aspects. National Education System of the 21st Century (SPN21) is a holistic education system. By using the library and a number of previous studies, this article describes the National Education System of the 21st Century (SPN21) preserving the Islamic civilization in the National Remembrance and submit education by example and has characteristic murabbi in the process of teaching and learning in SPN21 by focusing on student (student centered learning) as an approach. With it, SPN21 will give an impact in addressing the problems of globalization that such an impact on the thinking and moral development of the individual student Islam in Brunei Darussalam","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47366861,"asset_id":27116526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51166728,"first_name":"Journal of 'Aqidah \u0026 Islamic Thought","last_name":"AFKAR","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"JournalofAqidahandIslamicThoughtAFKAR","display_name":"Journal of 'Aqidah \u0026 Islamic Thought AFKAR","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/JournalofAqidahandIslamicThoughtAFKAR?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51166728/18692669/18650000/s65_journal_of_aqidah_and_islamic_thought.afkar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":124971,"name":"Education Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Systems?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":791619,"name":"Globalisasi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalisasi?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":1580418,"name":"Sistem Pendidikan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sistem_Pendidikan?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42209269" data-work_id="42209269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42209269/%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_Uygarl%C4%B1klar%C4%B1_Tarihi_cilt_1">İslâm Uygarlıkları Tarihi, cilt 1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Lübnanlı Ortodoks bir aileden gelen Corci Zeydân 19. yüzyılın en önemli İslâm tarihi, dil ve kültürü araştırmacılarından biriydi. İngilizce, Latince, Fransızca, Almanca, İbranice ve Süryanice dillerini öğrenen Zeydân, tarihin dışında Arap... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42209269" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Lübnanlı Ortodoks bir aileden gelen Corci Zeydân 19. yüzyılın en önemli İslâm tarihi, dil ve kültürü araştırmacılarından biriydi. İngilizce, Latince, Fransızca, Almanca, İbranice ve Süryanice dillerini öğrenen Zeydân, tarihin dışında Arap dili ve edebiyatı konusunda da birçok eser verdi. İslâm tarihinin, ağırlıklı olarak da Osmanlı öncesi dönemin ele alındığı bu ünlü eserinde Corci Zeydan, İslâm uygarlığı ve Arap halkları konusunda hayli zengin bir kaynak sunuyor.<br /> eser hakkında<br /> yazar hakkında<br /> künye<br />Lübnanlı Ortodoks bir aileden gelen Corci Zeydân 19. yüzyılın en önemli İslâm tarihi, dil ve kültürü araştırmacılarından biriydi. İngilizce, Latince, Fransızca, Almanca, İbranice ve Süryanice dillerini öğrenen Zeydân, tarihin dışında Arap dili ve edebiyatı konusunda da birçok eser verdi. İslâm tarihinin, ağırlıklı olarak da Osmanlı öncesi dönemin ele alındığı bu ünlü eserinde Corci Zeydan, İslâm uygarlığı ve Arap halkları konusunda hayli zengin bir kaynak sunuyor. Günümüzde klasik bir İslâm uygarlığı tarihi olarak kabul edilen bu kitap, Batı dillerinin yanında, Farsça ve Urduca’ya da çevrildi. Oxford Üniversitesi’nden Türkiye’deki ilâhiyat fakültelerine kadar, birçok üniversitede bir asra yakın süredir ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır.<br />Bilkent Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümü öğretim görevlilerinden Yard.Doç.Dr. Necdet Gök’ün günümüz Türkçesi’ne çevirdiği, dipnotlarla genişletip, yayına hazırladığı orijinali beş ciltten oluşan bu eşsiz eseri, iki cilt halinde yayımlayacağız.<br /><br />“Dr. Nejdet Gök tarafından dipnotlar ve bir girişle zenginleştirilerek dilimize kazandırılan bu önemli kitaba Türk okurlarının büyük ihtiyacı olduğu kanaatindeyim. Özellikle Arap dünyasında standart bir kitap olarak kabul edilen bu klasik eserin yayımı, önemli bir kültür hizmeti olmanın yanında, Türk bilim çevresinde büyük bir boşluğu dolduracak, İslâm tarihi ve uygarlığı ile ilgili çalışmalara da bir zenginlik kazandıracaktır.”<br />Prof. Dr. Halil İnalcık<br /><br />#anadolu, #arap, #arapça, #islam, #islamiyet, #kültür, #medeniyet, #osmanlı, #osmanlı öncesi, #selçuklu, #tarih</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42209269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="961385aed40b3179be616c207fb96473" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62357163,"asset_id":42209269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62357163/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55589742" href="https://erbakan.academia.edu/NejdetG%C3%96K">Nejdet GÖK</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55589742" type="text/json">{"id":55589742,"first_name":"Nejdet","last_name":"GÖK","domain_name":"erbakan","page_name":"NejdetGÖK","display_name":"Nejdet GÖK","profile_url":"https://erbakan.academia.edu/NejdetG%C3%96K?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55589742/23341801/22420795/s65_nejdet.g_k.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42209269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42209269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42209269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42209269", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42209269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42209269").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42209269").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42209269"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2016" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa">Middle East & North Africa</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2016" type="text/json">{"id":2016,"name":"Middle East \u0026 North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8700" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies">Turkish and Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8700" type="text/json">{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42209269]'), work: {"id":42209269,"title":"İslâm Uygarlıkları Tarihi, cilt 1","created_at":"2020-03-13T05:26:44.780-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42209269/%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_Uygarl%C4%B1klar%C4%B1_Tarihi_cilt_1?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_42209269","summary":"Lübnanlı Ortodoks bir aileden gelen Corci Zeydân 19. yüzyılın en önemli İslâm tarihi, dil ve kültürü araştırmacılarından biriydi. İngilizce, Latince, Fransızca, Almanca, İbranice ve Süryanice dillerini öğrenen Zeydân, tarihin dışında Arap dili ve edebiyatı konusunda da birçok eser verdi. İslâm tarihinin, ağırlıklı olarak da Osmanlı öncesi dönemin ele alındığı bu ünlü eserinde Corci Zeydan, İslâm uygarlığı ve Arap halkları konusunda hayli zengin bir kaynak sunuyor.\n eser hakkında\n yazar hakkında\n künye\nLübnanlı Ortodoks bir aileden gelen Corci Zeydân 19. yüzyılın en önemli İslâm tarihi, dil ve kültürü araştırmacılarından biriydi. İngilizce, Latince, Fransızca, Almanca, İbranice ve Süryanice dillerini öğrenen Zeydân, tarihin dışında Arap dili ve edebiyatı konusunda da birçok eser verdi. İslâm tarihinin, ağırlıklı olarak da Osmanlı öncesi dönemin ele alındığı bu ünlü eserinde Corci Zeydan, İslâm uygarlığı ve Arap halkları konusunda hayli zengin bir kaynak sunuyor. Günümüzde klasik bir İslâm uygarlığı tarihi olarak kabul edilen bu kitap, Batı dillerinin yanında, Farsça ve Urduca’ya da çevrildi. Oxford Üniversitesi’nden Türkiye’deki ilâhiyat fakültelerine kadar, birçok üniversitede bir asra yakın süredir ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır.\nBilkent Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümü öğretim görevlilerinden Yard.Doç.Dr. Necdet Gök’ün günümüz Türkçesi’ne çevirdiği, dipnotlarla genişletip, yayına hazırladığı orijinali beş ciltten oluşan bu eşsiz eseri, iki cilt halinde yayımlayacağız.\n\n“Dr. Nejdet Gök tarafından dipnotlar ve bir girişle zenginleştirilerek dilimize kazandırılan bu önemli kitaba Türk okurlarının büyük ihtiyacı olduğu kanaatindeyim. Özellikle Arap dünyasında standart bir kitap olarak kabul edilen bu klasik eserin yayımı, önemli bir kültür hizmeti olmanın yanında, Türk bilim çevresinde büyük bir boşluğu dolduracak, İslâm tarihi ve uygarlığı ile ilgili çalışmalara da bir zenginlik kazandıracaktır.”\nProf. Dr. Halil İnalcık\n\n#anadolu, #arap, #arapça, #islam, #islamiyet, #kültür, #medeniyet, #osmanlı, #osmanlı öncesi, #selçuklu, #tarih","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62357163,"asset_id":42209269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55589742,"first_name":"Nejdet","last_name":"GÖK","domain_name":"erbakan","page_name":"NejdetGÖK","display_name":"Nejdet GÖK","profile_url":"https://erbakan.academia.edu/NejdetG%C3%96K?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55589742/23341801/22420795/s65_nejdet.g_k.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2016,"name":"Middle East \u0026 North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":29565,"name":"Persian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Persian_Culture?f_ri=354849"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354624,"name":"İslam Tarihi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_Tarihi?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":410315,"name":"Türk Islam Sanatı","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turk_Islam_Sanati?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1563418,"name":"Arabic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":2217822,"name":"İslam Sanatı ve Mimarisi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C4%B0slam_Sanat%C4%B1_ve_Mimarisi?f_ri=354849"},{"id":2442627,"name":"İslam Tıp Tarihi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C4%B0slam_T%C4%B1p_Tarihi?f_ri=354849"},{"id":3585891,"name":"İslam Tarihi ve Medeniyeti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C4%B0slam_Tarihi_ve_Medeniyeti?f_ri=354849"},{"id":3585895,"name":"İslam Kültür ve Medeniyeti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C4%B0slam_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_ve_Medeniyeti?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34522205" data-work_id="34522205" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34522205/TINJAUAN_BIOGRAFI_BIBLIOGRAFI_IBN_AL_HAYTHAM">TINJAUAN BIOGRAFI-BIBLIOGRAFI IBN AL-HAYTHAM</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstrak Ibn al-Haytham (w. 1038/9 M) lebih dikenal sebagai seorang saintis dan ahli matematika hingga saat ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali posisinya diantara sarjana muslim melalui penyelidikan dan peninjauan lebih... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34522205" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstrak Ibn al-Haytham (w. 1038/9 M) lebih dikenal sebagai seorang saintis dan ahli matematika hingga saat ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali posisinya diantara sarjana muslim melalui penyelidikan dan peninjauan lebih seksama terhadap sumber-sumber riwayat hidupnya dan karya-karyanya, untuk memperoleh gambaran yang lebih sesuai. Kaidah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kaidah sejarah khususnya penyelidikan bio-bibliografi. Hasilnya, meskipun Ibn al-Haytham merupakan tokoh yang menonjol dalam sains dan matematika, tetapi sebenarnya Ibn al-Haytham merupakan seorang filsuf muslim yang menghasilkan karya dalam spektrum bidang keilmuan beragam. Satu-satunya karya yang banyak membahas segi filsafat ternyata masih dapat diperoleh saat ini yaitu Kitāb Thamarah al-Ḥikmah, yang memperkuat bukti bahwa ia bukan saja seorang saintis dan ahli matematika tetapi juga seorang filsuf muslim. Abstract Ibn al-Haytham (d. 1038/9) is hirherto regarded merely as a great scientist and mathematician. The purpose of the present study is to reevaluate his position among muslim scholars by keen examination and survey on his bio-bibliographical sources in order to obtain a proper understanding about his figure and position in the history. The historical method is carried out in this study particularly bio-bibliographical method of historical research. The results show that Ibn al-Haytham is not only a prolific scientist and mathemtician but also a muslim philosopher who produces a various spectrum of works. Thamarah al-Ḥikmah is the only surviving Ibn al-Haytham's work that confirms his position not only as a scientist and mathematician but also as a muslim philosopher.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34522205" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3f165f06b5856f4f5b317f04608a4c8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54387452,"asset_id":34522205,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54387452/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1650336" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mohamadishaq">mohamad ishaq</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1650336" type="text/json">{"id":1650336,"first_name":"mohamad","last_name":"ishaq","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mohamadishaq","display_name":"mohamad ishaq","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mohamadishaq?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1650336/5413355/6175957/s65_mohamad.ishaq.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34522205 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34522205"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34522205, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34522205", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34522205 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34522205; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34522205"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34522205 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34522205"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34522205; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34522205]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34522205").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34522205").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34522205"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3723" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science">History of Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3723" type="text/json">{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34522205]'), work: {"id":34522205,"title":"TINJAUAN BIOGRAFI-BIBLIOGRAFI IBN AL-HAYTHAM","created_at":"2017-09-09T11:40:57.883-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34522205/TINJAUAN_BIOGRAFI_BIBLIOGRAFI_IBN_AL_HAYTHAM?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_34522205","summary":"Abstrak Ibn al-Haytham (w. 1038/9 M) lebih dikenal sebagai seorang saintis dan ahli matematika hingga saat ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali posisinya diantara sarjana muslim melalui penyelidikan dan peninjauan lebih seksama terhadap sumber-sumber riwayat hidupnya dan karya-karyanya, untuk memperoleh gambaran yang lebih sesuai. Kaidah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kaidah sejarah khususnya penyelidikan bio-bibliografi. Hasilnya, meskipun Ibn al-Haytham merupakan tokoh yang menonjol dalam sains dan matematika, tetapi sebenarnya Ibn al-Haytham merupakan seorang filsuf muslim yang menghasilkan karya dalam spektrum bidang keilmuan beragam. Satu-satunya karya yang banyak membahas segi filsafat ternyata masih dapat diperoleh saat ini yaitu Kitāb Thamarah al-Ḥikmah, yang memperkuat bukti bahwa ia bukan saja seorang saintis dan ahli matematika tetapi juga seorang filsuf muslim. Abstract Ibn al-Haytham (d. 1038/9) is hirherto regarded merely as a great scientist and mathematician. The purpose of the present study is to reevaluate his position among muslim scholars by keen examination and survey on his bio-bibliographical sources in order to obtain a proper understanding about his figure and position in the history. The historical method is carried out in this study particularly bio-bibliographical method of historical research. The results show that Ibn al-Haytham is not only a prolific scientist and mathemtician but also a muslim philosopher who produces a various spectrum of works. Thamarah al-Ḥikmah is the only surviving Ibn al-Haytham's work that confirms his position not only as a scientist and mathematician but also as a muslim philosopher.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54387452,"asset_id":34522205,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1650336,"first_name":"mohamad","last_name":"ishaq","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mohamadishaq","display_name":"mohamad ishaq","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mohamadishaq?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1650336/5413355/6175957/s65_mohamad.ishaq.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41599203" data-work_id="41599203" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41599203/Prophetic_vegetable_Pumpkin_Its_impressive_health_benefits_and_total_analysis">Prophetic vegetable Pumpkin, Its impressive health benefits and total analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pumpkin is a type of winter squash that belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It's native to North America and particularly popular around Thanksgiving and Halloween. Pumpkins have considerable variation in nutrient contents depending on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41599203" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pumpkin is a type of winter squash that belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It's native to North America and particularly popular around Thanksgiving and Halloween. Pumpkins have considerable variation in nutrient contents depending on the cultivation environment, species. In the US, pumpkin typically refers to Cucurbita pepo, an orange type of winter squash. In this study, the general chemical compositions and some bioactive components, such as tocopherols, carotenoids, and β-sitosterol, were analyzed in three major species of pumpkin (Cucurbitaceae pepo, C. moschata, and C. maxima) grown in Asia and also in three parts (flesh, seed and peel) of each pumpkin species. C. maxima had significantly more carbohydrate, protein, fat, and fiber than C. pepo or C. moschata (P < 0.05). The moisture content as well as the amino acid and arginine contents in all parts of the pumpkin was highest in C. pepo. The major fatty acids in the seeds were palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. C. pepo and C. moschata seeds had significantly more γ-tocopherol than C. maxima, whose seeds had the highest β-carotene content. C. pepo seeds had significantly more β-sitosterol than the others. Nutrient compositions differed considerably among the pumpkin species and parts. These results will be useful in updating the nutrient compositions of pumpkin in the Korean food composition database. Additional analyses of various pumpkins grown in different years and in different areas of Asia are needed. Beyond its delicious taste, pumpkin is nutritious and linked to many health benefits. God gifted knowledge has proven by this research.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41599203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="933f2efa574155e08e14328a07bdcfc2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61753678,"asset_id":41599203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61753678/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="89663541" href="https://luvlava.academia.edu/MuhdIslam">M. Hedayatul Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="89663541" type="text/json">{"id":89663541,"first_name":"M. Hedayatul","last_name":"Islam","domain_name":"luvlava","page_name":"MuhdIslam","display_name":"M. Hedayatul Islam","profile_url":"https://luvlava.academia.edu/MuhdIslam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89663541/20351070/31900299/s65_muhammad.islam.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41599203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41599203"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41599203, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41599203", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41599203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41599203; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41599203"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41599203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41599203"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41599203; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41599203]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41599203").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41599203").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41599203"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1150045" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophetic_Medicine">Prophetic Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1150045" type="text/json">{"id":1150045,"name":"Prophetic Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophetic_Medicine?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1223711" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Muslim_society">Contemporary Muslim society</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1223711" type="text/json">{"id":1223711,"name":"Contemporary Muslim society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Muslim_society?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3483037" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Moderation_Wasatiyah_">Islamic Moderation (Wasatiyah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3483037" type="text/json">{"id":3483037,"name":"Islamic Moderation (Wasatiyah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Moderation_Wasatiyah_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41599203]'), work: {"id":41599203,"title":"Prophetic vegetable Pumpkin, Its impressive health benefits and total analysis","created_at":"2020-01-11T18:17:42.408-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41599203/Prophetic_vegetable_Pumpkin_Its_impressive_health_benefits_and_total_analysis?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_41599203","summary":"Pumpkin is a type of winter squash that belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It's native to North America and particularly popular around Thanksgiving and Halloween. Pumpkins have considerable variation in nutrient contents depending on the cultivation environment, species. In the US, pumpkin typically refers to Cucurbita pepo, an orange type of winter squash. In this study, the general chemical compositions and some bioactive components, such as tocopherols, carotenoids, and β-sitosterol, were analyzed in three major species of pumpkin (Cucurbitaceae pepo, C. moschata, and C. maxima) grown in Asia and also in three parts (flesh, seed and peel) of each pumpkin species. C. maxima had significantly more carbohydrate, protein, fat, and fiber than C. pepo or C. moschata (P \u003c 0.05). The moisture content as well as the amino acid and arginine contents in all parts of the pumpkin was highest in C. pepo. The major fatty acids in the seeds were palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. C. pepo and C. moschata seeds had significantly more γ-tocopherol than C. maxima, whose seeds had the highest β-carotene content. C. pepo seeds had significantly more β-sitosterol than the others. Nutrient compositions differed considerably among the pumpkin species and parts. These results will be useful in updating the nutrient compositions of pumpkin in the Korean food composition database. Additional analyses of various pumpkins grown in different years and in different areas of Asia are needed. Beyond its delicious taste, pumpkin is nutritious and linked to many health benefits. God gifted knowledge has proven by this research.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61753678,"asset_id":41599203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":89663541,"first_name":"M. Hedayatul","last_name":"Islam","domain_name":"luvlava","page_name":"MuhdIslam","display_name":"M. Hedayatul Islam","profile_url":"https://luvlava.academia.edu/MuhdIslam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89663541/20351070/31900299/s65_muhammad.islam.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":1150045,"name":"Prophetic Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophetic_Medicine?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":1223711,"name":"Contemporary Muslim society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Muslim_society?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":3483037,"name":"Islamic Moderation (Wasatiyah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Moderation_Wasatiyah_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46807713" data-work_id="46807713" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46807713/The_Essence_of_Islamic_Civilization_">The Essence of Islamic Civilization ‎</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There can be no doubt that the essence of Islamic civilization is Islam; or that the essence of Islam is ‎tawhid, the act of affirming Allah to be the One, absolute, transcendent Creator, Lord and Master of all ‎that is. These two... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46807713" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There can be no doubt that the essence of Islamic civilization is Islam; or that the essence of Islam is ‎tawhid, the act of affirming Allah to be the One, absolute, transcendent Creator, Lord and Master of all ‎that is. These two fundamental premises are self-evident. They have never been in doubt by those ‎belonging to this civilization or participating in it. Only in recent times have missionaries, Orientalists, ‎and other interpreters of Islam subjected these premises to doubt. Whatever their level of education, ‎Muslims are apodictically certain that Islamic civilization does have an essence, that this essence is ‎knowable and capable of analysis or description, that it is tawhid. Analysis of tawhid as essence, as first ‎determining principle of Islamic civilization, is the object of this Occasional Paper.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46807713" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7268fcedbcf6a42bd2aa415994295c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66255815,"asset_id":46807713,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66255815/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46807713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46807713"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46807713, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46807713", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_46807713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46807713; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_46807713"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_46807713 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46807713"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46807713; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46807713]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46807713").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46807713").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46807713"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31841" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization">History of Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31841" type="text/json">{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" type="text/json">{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46807713]'), work: {"id":46807713,"title":"The Essence of Islamic Civilization ‎","created_at":"2021-04-13T04:31:56.197-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46807713/The_Essence_of_Islamic_Civilization_?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_46807713","summary":"There can be no doubt that the essence of Islamic civilization is Islam; or that the essence of Islam is ‎tawhid, the act of affirming Allah to be the One, absolute, transcendent Creator, Lord and Master of all ‎that is. These two fundamental premises are self-evident. They have never been in doubt by those ‎belonging to this civilization or participating in it. Only in recent times have missionaries, Orientalists, ‎and other interpreters of Islam subjected these premises to doubt. Whatever their level of education, ‎Muslims are apodictically certain that Islamic civilization does have an essence, that this essence is ‎knowable and capable of analysis or description, that it is tawhid. Analysis of tawhid as essence, as first ‎determining principle of Islamic civilization, is the object of this Occasional Paper.‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66255815,"asset_id":46807713,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":451479,"name":"Tawhid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tawhid?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1833041,"name":"Essence of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Essence_of_Islam?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45820745" data-work_id="45820745" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45820745/Toward_Islamic_English">Toward Islamic English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This book is a manual for researchers, authors, scholars, and others interested in Islamic literature, ‎culture, and civilization. It is an attempt to clarify terms, phrases, words, and concepts whose meanings ‎have become distorted due... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45820745" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This book is a manual for researchers, authors, scholars, and others interested in Islamic literature, ‎culture, and civilization. It is an attempt to clarify terms, phrases, words, and concepts whose meanings ‎have become distorted due to faulty translations and transliterations.‎</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45820745" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9a7c63492a083f783da79e06f00ad6e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66205101,"asset_id":45820745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66205101/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="189802977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui">Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="189802977" type="text/json">{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45820745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45820745"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45820745, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45820745", }); 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It is an attempt to clarify terms, phrases, words, and concepts whose meanings ‎have become distorted due to faulty translations and transliterations.‎","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66205101,"asset_id":45820745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":189802977,"first_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi","last_name":"د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsmailRajiAlFaruqui","display_name":"Dr. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi د.إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsmailRajiAlFaruqui?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/189802977/53018757/41139468/s65_ismail_raji.al_faruqui.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":167256,"name":"Manual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manual?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":444224,"name":"Islamic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Literature?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38938075" data-work_id="38938075" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38938075/%C4%B0slam_Medeniyetinin_Temel_%C3%96zellikleri">İslam Medeniyetinin Temel Özellikleri</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">İslam Tarihi ve Medeniyeti, ed. Mehmet Şeker, İstanbul: Siyer Yayınları, 2018; 14. Cilt: İslam Medeniyeti: Asr-ı Saadet’ten Selçukluların Sonuna Kadar (ed. Mefail Hızlı  - Ziya Kazıcı), s. 77-85.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38938075" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="383fafbb1f06343c4a5fbe4f812b7ae5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59039482,"asset_id":38938075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59039482/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66606674" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam">İbrahim Sarıçam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66606674" type="text/json">{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38938075 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38938075"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38938075, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38938075", }); 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Mehmet Şeker, İstanbul: Siyer Yayınları, 2018; 14. Cilt: İslam Medeniyeti: Asr-ı Saadet’ten Selçukluların Sonuna Kadar (ed. Mefail Hızlı - Ziya Kazıcı), s. 77-85.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59039482,"asset_id":38938075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49344077" data-work_id="49344077" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49344077/THE_FALL_OF_WESTERN_CIVILIZATION">THE FALL OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper addresses the issue of civilizational decline and downfall in regard to the western civilization using historical and current data analysis from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of history, sociology, psychology,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49344077" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper addresses the issue of civilizational decline and downfall in regard to the western civilization using historical and current data analysis from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of history, sociology, psychology, economics and international politics. The research is not to insult any individual or culture but to expose the dynamics of civilizational downfall in relation to the human individual and his society’s activity and evolution. The author finds that the western civilization, like previous ones, is headed for a downfall as it’s decline gradually builds up and intensifies. The author also suggests the Muslims a solution to minimize the effect of shockwave from the downfall of western civilization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49344077" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb31f6bdc1c6fb872ed264798a24efe5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":99281300,"asset_id":49344077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/99281300/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65477450" href="https://northumbria.academia.edu/MohammadMushfequrRahman">Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65477450" type="text/json">{"id":65477450,"first_name":"Mohammad Mushfequr","last_name":"Rahman","domain_name":"northumbria","page_name":"MohammadMushfequrRahman","display_name":"Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman","profile_url":"https://northumbria.academia.edu/MohammadMushfequrRahman?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65477450/17054831/63991740/s65_mohammad_mushfequr.rahman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49344077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49344077"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49344077, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49344077", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49344077]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49344077").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49344077").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49344077"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Civilizations_Archaeology_">Comparative Civilizations (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16867" type="text/json">{"id":16867,"name":"Comparative Civilizations (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Civilizations_Archaeology_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Civilization_Archaeology_">Ancient Civilization (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25518" type="text/json">{"id":25518,"name":"Ancient Civilization (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Civilization_Archaeology_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31841" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization">History of Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31841" type="text/json">{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43891" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civilization">Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43891" type="text/json">{"id":43891,"name":"Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49344077]'), work: {"id":49344077,"title":"THE FALL OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION","created_at":"2021-06-22T18:38:30.066-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49344077/THE_FALL_OF_WESTERN_CIVILIZATION?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_49344077","summary":"This paper addresses the issue of civilizational decline and downfall in regard to the western civilization using historical and current data analysis from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of history, sociology, psychology, economics and international politics. The research is not to insult any individual or culture but to expose the dynamics of civilizational downfall in relation to the human individual and his society’s activity and evolution. The author finds that the western civilization, like previous ones, is headed for a downfall as it’s decline gradually builds up and intensifies. The author also suggests the Muslims a solution to minimize the effect of shockwave from the downfall of western civilization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":99281300,"asset_id":49344077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65477450,"first_name":"Mohammad Mushfequr","last_name":"Rahman","domain_name":"northumbria","page_name":"MohammadMushfequrRahman","display_name":"Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman","profile_url":"https://northumbria.academia.edu/MohammadMushfequrRahman?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65477450/17054831/63991740/s65_mohammad_mushfequr.rahman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16867,"name":"Comparative Civilizations (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Civilizations_Archaeology_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":25518,"name":"Ancient Civilization 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34928342" data-work_id="34928342" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34928342/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3_Istanbul_Observatory_The_Ethos_of_Science_in_Islam_in_the_Post_Copernican_Period">مرصد اسطنبول: هدم الرصد ورصد الهدم. تطور ثقافة العلوم في الإسلام بعد كوبرنيكوس / Istanbul Observatory: The Ethos of Science in Islam in the Post-Copernican Period.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">لماذا هُدم مرصد إسطنبول؟ لماذا بُني المرصد أصلاً؟ ما هي الضرورات العلمية وغير العلمية التي اقتضت بناؤه؟ هل بُني لأغراض تنجيمية كما هو شائع؟ وهل هُدم لأسباب تنجيمية كما هو شائع أيضاً؟ ماهي المصادر التاريخية المتوفرة عن المرصد، وماهي... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34928342" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">لماذا هُدم مرصد إسطنبول؟ <br /> <br />لماذا بُني المرصد أصلاً؟ ما هي الضرورات العلمية وغير العلمية التي اقتضت بناؤه؟ هل بُني لأغراض تنجيمية كما هو شائع؟ وهل هُدم لأسباب تنجيمية كما هو شائع أيضاً؟ ماهي المصادر التاريخية المتوفرة عن المرصد، وماهي الروايات الشائعة عن حادثة هدمه؟ من هو ذلك الفلكي الدمشقي تقي الدين بن معروف الذي قاد حملة تأسيس وإنشاء المرصد؟ ما هي مهاراته العلمية والفلكية؟ وما هي المواضيع العلمية التي برع فيها وكتب عنها؟ هل كانت له اهتمامات تنجيمة وكتابات مشهورة في علم أحكام النجوم؟ ما الذي دفعه للتفكير في هذا المشروع العلمي الكبير؟ وما هي العوامل التي ساعدته على تحقيق هدفه؟ <br />من هو السلطان مراد الثالث الذي تبنّى بناء المرصد، وذرّ عليه الأموال كالرمل، ثم لم يلبث أن أصدر القرار بهدمه؟ ماهي اهتماماته العلمية وتوجهاته الدينية والثقافية؟ هل كانت شخصيته مزاجية متذبذبة غير مستقرة، أم أن عوامل أخرى هي التي دفعته للتذبذب في موضوع المرصد؟ ما الذي كان يطمح إليه عندما قرر بناء المرصد، وما الذي أصبح يخشىاه عندما قرر هدمه؟ <br />ما هو الوضع العلمي في أوروبا في فترة بناء المرصد؟ وما هي المراصد التي أنشأت في أوروبا بالتزامن مع مرصد إسطنبول؟ من هو تايكو براهي الذي أسس مرصداً بالتزامن مع مرصد تقي الدين؟ كيف كانت علاقته بالملك فريدريك الثاني في الدنمارك، وما هو الدعم المادي والمعنوي الذي تلقاه منه؟ ما هو وضع المؤسسات العلمية في أوروبا في تلك الفترة؟ وما هو المستوى العلمي لتايكو والوضع التقني لمرصده؟ كيف تعامل مع نظرية مركزية الشمس؟ وماهي الإنجازات التي حققها في مجالات علم الفلك؟ <br />ما هي العلاقة بين علم الفلك والتنجيم في الزمن الذي بُني فيه المرصد؟ هل كان هناك تداخل بين علوم الفلك والتنجيم، أم كان هناك فصل صريح بينهما؟ وما هي مواقف علماء الدين، بحكم الشرع، من علوم الفلك عامة والتنجيم خاصة؟ هل كان هناك إجماع بين علماء الدين حول هذا الموضوع؟ وهل كان للدين دور في هدم المرصد؟ من هم علماء الدين المسلمون الذين كان لهم حضور فاعل وتأثير واسع في الأوساط العربية والعثمانية في فترة بناء وهدم المرصد؟ وما هو وضع العلوم العقلية والنقلية في تلك الفترة؟ <br />ماهي التوجهات والأفكار الدينية حول علم الفلك، وما هي المرجعية الإسلامية للأفكار الفلكية التي ظهرت في فترة بناء المرصد؟ من هو جلال الدين السيوطي الذي أعاد تقديم علم الهيئة على الأصول الدينية الإسلامية؟ لماذا كتب كتابه في علم الهيئة السُنيّة، ولماذا لاقى ذلك الكتاب رواجاً واسعاً في تلك الفترة؟ ما هو تأثير رواج الأفكار الأسطورية عن الفلك والكون التي قدّمها السيوطي على مسيرة العلم الطبيعي في السياق العربي-العثماني؟ وهل كان هذا سبباً لظهور النزعات الأصولية المتشددة أم نتيجة له؟ وهل كان للتعصب الديني دور في هدم المرصد؟ <br />تحدد هذه الأسئلة حدود مجال الفضول المعرفي الذي تحوم في فضائه مباحث هدم الرصد، عنوان القسم الأول من هذه الدراسة، كما تحدد مسارات التحريض الفكري للبحث عن أجوبة، أشافيه كانت أم غير شافية، لإلقاء بعض الضوء على مسيرة استكشاف التطور العلمي في العالم العربي-العثماني بعد ظهور نظرية كوبرنيكوس. لا نسعى من خلال هذه الأسئلة للوصول إلى جواب نهائي في موضوع هدم المرصد، فليس هناك باعتقادنا جواب نهائي في موضوع كهذا، وإنما نسعى لتحديد نقطة بداية ذات إحداثيات معرفية جديدة، نقطة انطلاق من تحت ظلال الهدم لتقصي مسيرة العلوم عند العرب باتجاه لطالما تجاهله المؤرخون، ربما لأنه لا يقدم معالم مضيئة وشيقة للمفاخرة والتباهي، ولكنه يرسم مساراً تاريخياً هاماً لابد من استكشافه لمعرفة الخيارات الفكرية التي حددت مساره، والمحطات العلمية التي وقف عندها، والحاضر الذي صنعه لنا.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science">History of Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3723" type="text/json">{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34928342]'), work: {"id":34928342,"title":"مرصد اسطنبول: هدم الرصد ورصد الهدم. تطور ثقافة العلوم في الإسلام بعد كوبرنيكوس / Istanbul Observatory: The Ethos of Science in Islam in the Post-Copernican Period.","created_at":"2017-10-22T21:24:02.082-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34928342/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3_Istanbul_Observatory_The_Ethos_of_Science_in_Islam_in_the_Post_Copernican_Period?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_34928342","summary":"لماذا هُدم مرصد إسطنبول؟ \r\n\r\nلماذا بُني المرصد أصلاً؟ ما هي الضرورات العلمية وغير العلمية التي اقتضت بناؤه؟ هل بُني لأغراض تنجيمية كما هو شائع؟ وهل هُدم لأسباب تنجيمية كما هو شائع أيضاً؟ ماهي المصادر التاريخية المتوفرة عن المرصد، وماهي الروايات الشائعة عن حادثة هدمه؟ من هو ذلك الفلكي الدمشقي تقي الدين بن معروف الذي قاد حملة تأسيس وإنشاء المرصد؟ ما هي مهاراته العلمية والفلكية؟ وما هي المواضيع العلمية التي برع فيها وكتب عنها؟ هل كانت له اهتمامات تنجيمة وكتابات مشهورة في علم أحكام النجوم؟ ما الذي دفعه للتفكير في هذا المشروع العلمي الكبير؟ وما هي العوامل التي ساعدته على تحقيق هدفه؟\r\nمن هو السلطان مراد الثالث الذي تبنّى بناء المرصد، وذرّ عليه الأموال كالرمل، ثم لم يلبث أن أصدر القرار بهدمه؟ ماهي اهتماماته العلمية وتوجهاته الدينية والثقافية؟ هل كانت شخصيته مزاجية متذبذبة غير مستقرة، أم أن عوامل أخرى هي التي دفعته للتذبذب في موضوع المرصد؟ ما الذي كان يطمح إليه عندما قرر بناء المرصد، وما الذي أصبح يخشىاه عندما قرر هدمه؟ \r\nما هو الوضع العلمي في أوروبا في فترة بناء المرصد؟ وما هي المراصد التي أنشأت في أوروبا بالتزامن مع مرصد إسطنبول؟ من هو تايكو براهي الذي أسس مرصداً بالتزامن مع مرصد تقي الدين؟ كيف كانت علاقته بالملك فريدريك الثاني في الدنمارك، وما هو الدعم المادي والمعنوي الذي تلقاه منه؟ ما هو وضع المؤسسات العلمية في أوروبا في تلك الفترة؟ وما هو المستوى العلمي لتايكو والوضع التقني لمرصده؟ كيف تعامل مع نظرية مركزية الشمس؟ وماهي الإنجازات التي حققها في مجالات علم الفلك؟ \r\nما هي العلاقة بين علم الفلك والتنجيم في الزمن الذي بُني فيه المرصد؟ هل كان هناك تداخل بين علوم الفلك والتنجيم، أم كان هناك فصل صريح بينهما؟ وما هي مواقف علماء الدين، بحكم الشرع، من علوم الفلك عامة والتنجيم خاصة؟ هل كان هناك إجماع بين علماء الدين حول هذا الموضوع؟ وهل كان للدين دور في هدم المرصد؟ من هم علماء الدين المسلمون الذين كان لهم حضور فاعل وتأثير واسع في الأوساط العربية والعثمانية في فترة بناء وهدم المرصد؟ وما هو وضع العلوم العقلية والنقلية في تلك الفترة؟\r\nماهي التوجهات والأفكار الدينية حول علم الفلك، وما هي المرجعية الإسلامية للأفكار الفلكية التي ظهرت في فترة بناء المرصد؟ من هو جلال الدين السيوطي الذي أعاد تقديم علم الهيئة على الأصول الدينية الإسلامية؟ لماذا كتب كتابه في علم الهيئة السُنيّة، ولماذا لاقى ذلك الكتاب رواجاً واسعاً في تلك الفترة؟ ما هو تأثير رواج الأفكار الأسطورية عن الفلك والكون التي قدّمها السيوطي على مسيرة العلم الطبيعي في السياق العربي-العثماني؟ وهل كان هذا سبباً لظهور النزعات الأصولية المتشددة أم نتيجة له؟ وهل كان للتعصب الديني دور في هدم المرصد؟\r\nتحدد هذه الأسئلة حدود مجال الفضول المعرفي الذي تحوم في فضائه مباحث هدم الرصد، عنوان القسم الأول من هذه الدراسة، كما تحدد مسارات التحريض الفكري للبحث عن أجوبة، أشافيه كانت أم غير شافية، لإلقاء بعض الضوء على مسيرة استكشاف التطور العلمي في العالم العربي-العثماني بعد ظهور نظرية كوبرنيكوس. لا نسعى من خلال هذه الأسئلة للوصول إلى جواب نهائي في موضوع هدم المرصد، فليس هناك باعتقادنا جواب نهائي في موضوع كهذا، وإنما نسعى لتحديد نقطة بداية ذات إحداثيات معرفية جديدة، نقطة انطلاق من تحت ظلال الهدم لتقصي مسيرة العلوم عند العرب باتجاه لطالما تجاهله المؤرخون، ربما لأنه لا يقدم معالم مضيئة وشيقة للمفاخرة والتباهي، ولكنه يرسم مساراً تاريخياً هاماً لابد من استكشافه لمعرفة الخيارات الفكرية التي حددت مساره، والمحطات العلمية التي وقف عندها، والحاضر الذي صنعه 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We particularly discuss the ways in which, by adapting extra-terrestrial life forms, mythological tropes and themes from the Urdu popular genre tradition, Pakistani anglophone writers bring to the fore the greater potential of the speculative genre in responding to more contemporary problems associated with patriarchy, fundamentalism, gender issues, neo-colonialism, marginalization, racism, war technology and anxieties associated with emergent forms of nationalism. This paper specifically engages with Pakistani anglophone speculative fiction which is explicitly in conversation with Urdu science fiction and fantasy tradition, and in so doing these works create new worlds of indigenous cultures as vibrant and resistant yet firmly fixed in both myth and alternate futures. Our survey of a long-standing fascination of Pakistani anglophone writers with some local tropes that refigure in their speculative fiction shows how these non-western speculative paradigms can serve to re-centre and revive Pakistani speculative tradition in the global popular culture.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47153283" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4228ccf5cbf1bd39d6e3de305e4277f8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66397265,"asset_id":47153283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66397265/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="983948" href="https://iiu-pk.academia.edu/AsmaMansoor">Asma Mansoor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="983948" type="text/json">{"id":983948,"first_name":"Asma","last_name":"Mansoor","domain_name":"iiu-pk","page_name":"AsmaMansoor","display_name":"Asma Mansoor","profile_url":"https://iiu-pk.academia.edu/AsmaMansoor?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/983948/1169013/11271688/s65_asma.mansoor.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47153283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47153283"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47153283, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47153283", }); 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We particularly discuss the ways in which, by adapting extra-terrestrial life forms, mythological tropes and themes from the Urdu popular genre tradition, Pakistani anglophone writers bring to the fore the greater potential of the speculative genre in responding to more contemporary problems associated with patriarchy, fundamentalism, gender issues, neo-colonialism, marginalization, racism, war technology and anxieties associated with emergent forms of nationalism. This paper specifically engages with Pakistani anglophone speculative fiction which is explicitly in conversation with Urdu science fiction and fantasy tradition, and in so doing these works create new worlds of indigenous cultures as vibrant and resistant yet firmly fixed in both myth and alternate futures. Our survey of a long-standing fascination of Pakistani anglophone writers with some local tropes that refigure in their speculative fiction shows how these non-western speculative paradigms can serve to re-centre and revive Pakistani speculative tradition in the global popular culture.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66397265,"asset_id":47153283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":983948,"first_name":"Asma","last_name":"Mansoor","domain_name":"iiu-pk","page_name":"AsmaMansoor","display_name":"Asma Mansoor","profile_url":"https://iiu-pk.academia.edu/AsmaMansoor?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/983948/1169013/11271688/s65_asma.mansoor.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":10885,"name":"Fantasy Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fantasy_Literature?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":20667,"name":"Science Fiction and Fantasy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":26554,"name":"Fantasy (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fantasy_Literature_?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":42441,"name":"Indian Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_Mythology?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45613763" data-work_id="45613763" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45613763/Inhiyar_al_h_ad_a_rah_al_isla_mi_yah_wa_ia_dat_bina_iha_al_judhur_al_thaqa_fi_yah_wa_al_tarbawi_yah_%D0%A3%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_Russian_Language">Inhiyar al-ḥaḍārah al-islāmīyah wa i'ādat binā'iha: al-judhur al-thaqāfīyah wa al-tarbawīyah (Упадок и возрождение исламской цивилизации: культурные и воспитательные предпосылки) Russian Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45613763" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه والغياب. ولمعرفة المفاهيم ‏والمنطلقات التي تمكّن الأمة من استكمال هذا النقص. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف يوضِّح الكتاب الأدوات المنهجية والثقافية اللازمة للإصلاح ‏التربوي، ويستجلي أهم أسس هذا الإصلاح ومنطلقاته، ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها.                                        ‏</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45613763" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86DrAbdulHamidAbuSulayman">Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman د. عبد الحميد أبو سليمان</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65170660" type="text/json">{"id":65170660,"first_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman","last_name":"د. عبد الحميد أبو سليمان","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"دعبدالحميدأبوسليمانDrAbdulHamidAbuSulayman","display_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman د. عبد الحميد أبو سليمان","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86DrAbdulHamidAbuSulayman?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65170660/16958011/17223702/s65__._.dr._abdelhamid_abusulayman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45613763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view 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والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه والغياب. ولمعرفة المفاهيم ‏والمنطلقات التي تمكّن الأمة من استكمال هذا النقص. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف يوضِّح الكتاب الأدوات المنهجية والثقافية اللازمة للإصلاح ‏التربوي، ويستجلي أهم أسس هذا الإصلاح ومنطلقاته، ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها. 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Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44794784" data-work_id="44794784" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44794784/Inhiyar_al_h_ad_a_rah_al_isla_mi_yah_wa_ia_dat_bina_iha_al_judhur_al_thaqa_fi_yah_wa_al_tarbawi_yah_%C4%B0slam_sivilizasiyas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_t%C9%99n%C9%99zz%C3%BCl%C3%BC_v%C9%99_yenid%C9%99n_qurulmas%C4%B1_m%C9%99d%C9%99ni_t%C9%99rbiy%C9%99vi_%C9%99saslar_Azeri_Language">Inhiyar al-ḥaḍārah al-islāmīyah wa i'ādat binā'iha: al-judhur al-thaqāfīyah wa al-tarbawīyah (İslam sivilizasiyasının tənəzzülü və yenidən qurulması: mədəni-tərbiyəvi əsaslar) Azeri Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44794784" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">محاولة لفهم غياب الجانب النفسي الوجداني في الخطاب التربوي الإسلامي للطفل؛ ليكون هذا الفهم أساساً لإرساء طاقات المبادرة ‏والإبداع في البناء النفسي والوجداني. وهو أيضاً محاولـةٌ لمعرفة الأبعاد الثقافية والفكرية التي أحدثت هذا التشوّه والغياب. ولمعرفة المفاهيم ‏والمنطلقات التي تمكّن الأمة من استكمال هذا النقص. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف يوضِّح الكتاب الأدوات المنهجية والثقافية اللازمة للإصلاح ‏التربوي، ويستجلي أهم أسس هذا الإصلاح ومنطلقاته، ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها.‏</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44794784" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa 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ويلفت النظر إلى مؤسسة الأسرة ودورها المحوري الفطري في تحقيق الإصلاح ‏التربوي والتغيير الاجتماعي والحضاري‎. ‎إننا نرجو أن يفتح هذا الكتاب باب حوارٍ جادٍ بنّاءٍ، يتسم بروح الإخلاص والشجاعة، دونما ‏خوف من جهالة الجهلاء ومزايدات أصحاب الأغراض والأمراض، والنظر في أعماق كيان الأمة الفكري والثقافي والتربوي؛ ليتعرف ‏مفكرو الأمة وعقلاؤها على مكامن الداء فيها، ويبصّروا أبناءها وقياداتها بحقيقة أدواء النفوس، وتشوهات الفكر، وانحراف الممارسات، ‏ويستكملوا للأمة رسم معالم المنهج العلمي الفكري التربوي الصحيح الذي يضع القدرة والمبادرة في يد أبنائها ومفكريها ومثقفيها، ‏واعتماد مكامن طاقة الفطرة والعطاء والبذل في نفوسهم أساساً لانطلاقتها.‏","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65290473,"asset_id":44794784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65170660,"first_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman","last_name":"د. عبد الحميد أبو سليمان","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"دعبدالحميدأبوسليمانDrAbdulHamidAbuSulayman","display_name":"Dr. AbdulHamid AbuSulayman د. عبد 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40617980/Le_comunit%C3%A0_religiose_non_musulmane_nel_mondo_islamico_Un_introduzione_storica">Le comunità religiose non-musulmane nel mondo islamico Un’introduzione storica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In quest’opera si è cercato di descrive la storia delle diverse comunità nonmusulmane sotto il dominio islamico dal periodo che va dalla morte del Profeta Muhammad (632 d.C.) alla dissoluzione dell’impero ottomano. Il testo è diviso... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40617980" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In quest’opera si è cercato di descrive la storia delle diverse comunità nonmusulmane sotto il dominio islamico dal periodo che va dalla morte del Profeta Muhammad (632 d.C.) alla dissoluzione dell’impero ottomano. Il testo è diviso in tre parti. La prima è dedicata alla composizione etnico-religiosa della penisola arabica e del Medio Oriente prima dell’avvento dell’Islam, alla nozione di ahl al-dhimma e di jizya ed alla natura dei trattati siglati dal governo musulmano nelle province entrate a far parte dell’impero.  La seconda parte è invece dedicata alla libertà religiosa goduta dai non-musulmani, al fenomeno dell’islamizzazione ed all’epoca della decadenza iniziata con le crociate e le invasioni mongole, quando i rapporti tra il governo islamico, le comunità musulmane e quelle dei dhimmi subirono un netto peggioramento. L’ultimo capitolo di questa seconda parte sarà poi dedicato alla storia della Spagna musulmana, l’Andalusia. La terza parte infine tratterà della conquista e dell’islamizzazione dell’Anatolia al tempo dei Selgiuchidi e successivamente dell’impero ottomano, con una particolare attenzione rivolta alle province balcaniche e mediorientali.  Questo testo non intende inoltre avere la pretesa di fornire al lettore un ‘analisi esaustiva dell’argomento, data la sua complessità, ma unicamente di proporre una linea guida ed una prospettiva generale attraverso la quale divenga possibile analizzare e studiare in modo più approfondito la condizione e la storia dei non-musulmani nel mondo islamico.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40617980" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b4fd5bee04416cc1316123c7348f5757" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60897074,"asset_id":40617980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60897074/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16039712" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina">Sabrina Lei</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16039712" type="text/json">{"id":16039712,"first_name":"Sabrina","last_name":"Lei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeiSabrina","display_name":"Sabrina Lei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16039712/4350422/17274966/s65_sabrina.lei.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40617980 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40617980"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40617980, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40617980", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40617980]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40617980").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40617980").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40617980"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" type="text/json">{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1118270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1">Islamic Culture and Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1118270" type="text/json">{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40617980]'), work: {"id":40617980,"title":"Le comunità religiose non-musulmane nel mondo islamico Un’introduzione storica","created_at":"2019-10-14T07:21:13.427-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40617980/Le_comunit%C3%A0_religiose_non_musulmane_nel_mondo_islamico_Un_introduzione_storica?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_40617980","summary":"\n In quest’opera si è cercato di descrive la storia delle diverse comunità nonmusulmane sotto il dominio islamico dal periodo che va dalla morte del Profeta Muhammad (632 d.C.) alla dissoluzione dell’impero ottomano. Il testo è diviso in tre parti. La prima è dedicata alla composizione etnico-religiosa della penisola arabica e del Medio Oriente prima dell’avvento dell’Islam, alla nozione di ahl al-dhimma e di jizya ed alla natura dei trattati siglati dal governo musulmano nelle province entrate a far parte dell’impero. La seconda parte è invece dedicata alla libertà religiosa goduta dai non-musulmani, al fenomeno dell’islamizzazione ed all’epoca della decadenza iniziata con le crociate e le invasioni mongole, quando i rapporti tra il governo islamico, le comunità musulmane e quelle dei dhimmi subirono un netto peggioramento. L’ultimo capitolo di questa seconda parte sarà poi dedicato alla storia della Spagna musulmana, l’Andalusia. La terza parte infine tratterà della conquista e dell’islamizzazione dell’Anatolia al tempo dei Selgiuchidi e successivamente dell’impero ottomano, con una particolare attenzione rivolta alle province balcaniche e mediorientali. Questo testo non intende inoltre avere la pretesa di fornire al lettore un ‘analisi esaustiva dell’argomento, data la sua complessità, ma unicamente di proporre una linea guida ed una prospettiva generale attraverso la quale divenga possibile analizzare e studiare in modo più approfondito la condizione e la storia dei non-musulmani nel mondo islamico. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60897074,"asset_id":40617980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16039712,"first_name":"Sabrina","last_name":"Lei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeiSabrina","display_name":"Sabrina Lei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeiSabrina?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16039712/4350422/17274966/s65_sabrina.lei.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41976821" data-work_id="41976821" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41976821/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B9">منهج الإسلام في بناء المجتمع</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">يستعرض الكتاب منهج الإسلام في بناء الفرد والأمة والسلطة، وكيف نشأ هذا البنيان الفريد، ثم كيف تعرض للضعف والتآكل، وكيف نعود من جديد.. ويلامس موضوع الفوارق الرئيسية بين الإسلام والحضارة الغربية في بناء المجتمع</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41976821" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8665d7e2d3fe5f2a2c80d2f20183e18a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62101736,"asset_id":41976821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62101736/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa 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class="js-paper-rank-work_41976821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41976821"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41976821, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41976821", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41976821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41976821; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41976821"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); 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u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization">Islamic History and Muslim Civilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45018" type="text/json">{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="142551" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lm_ljtm">علم الاجتماع</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="142551" type="text/json">{"id":142551,"name":"علم الاجتماع","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lm_ljtm?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41976821]'), work: {"id":41976821,"title":"منهج الإسلام في بناء المجتمع","created_at":"2020-02-14T14:09:30.942-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41976821/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B9?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_41976821","summary":"يستعرض الكتاب منهج الإسلام في بناء الفرد والأمة والسلطة، وكيف نشأ هذا البنيان الفريد، ثم كيف تعرض للضعف والتآكل، وكيف نعود من جديد.. ويلامس موضوع الفوارق الرئيسية بين الإسلام والحضارة الغربية في بناء المجتمع\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62101736,"asset_id":41976821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83325258,"first_name":"محمد","last_name":"إلهامي","domain_name":"menofia","page_name":"محمدإلهامي","display_name":"محمد إلهامي","profile_url":"https://menofia.academia.edu/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83325258/20529490/31116268/s65__._.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":142551,"name":"علم الاجتماع","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lm_ljtm?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":174408,"name":"علم الاجتماع السياسي","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lm_ljtm_lsysy?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":361035,"name":"Islamic Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Social_Sciences?f_ri=354849"},{"id":508211,"name":"التاريخ الإسلامي","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A?f_ri=354849"},{"id":841169,"name":"الفكر الإسلامي","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17951793" data-work_id="17951793" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17951793/KONSEP_ASAS_PEMBENTUKAN_INDIKATOR_BANDAR_SEJAHTERA_MENURUT_PERSPEKTIF_ISLAM">KONSEP ASAS PEMBENTUKAN INDIKATOR BANDAR SEJAHTERA MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAM</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bandar adalah pusat kepada perkembangan tamadun manusia. Kemunculan Islam sebagai agama teragung dan mulia adalah bertitik mula dari bandar. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengenalpasti konsep, prinsip dan ciri bandar sejahtera... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17951793" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bandar adalah pusat kepada perkembangan tamadun manusia. Kemunculan Islam sebagai agama teragung dan mulia<br />adalah bertitik mula dari bandar. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengenalpasti konsep, prinsip dan ciri<br />bandar sejahtera berteraskan Islam dan membentuk indikator bandar sejahtera berasaskan pandangan cendekiawan Islam<br />seterusnya mengukur tahap kesejahteraan sesebuah bandar menerusi set indikator kesejahteraan bandar yang dihasilkan<br />dan mengenalpasti implikasi kajian terhadap dasar perancangan dan pembangunan masyarakat bandar. Kaedah kajian<br />menggunakan rekabentuk kajian tinjauan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui soal selidik. Hasil kajian mendapati,<br />faktor ekonomi, akidah dan fizikal mendapat skor tertinggi iaitu bagi indikator ekonomi iaitu berkembang budaya waqaf<br />dikalangan penduduk mendapat skor min 4.91. Bagi indikator akidah iaitu penduduk membaca al-Quran sebagai amalan<br />harian mendapat skor 4.90 dan indikator fizikal iaitu kewujudan persekitaran bersih mendapat skor min 4.89. Secara<br />keseluruhannya, kajian mendapati bahawa kesejahteraan sesebuah bandar dipengaruhi oleh faktor spiritual jika<br />dibandingkan dengan faktor fizikal.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17951793" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0c1461117b15f3a37de738e5612b56f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39795926,"asset_id":17951793,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39795926/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="294259" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/ibrahimngah">Ibrahim Ngah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="294259" type="text/json">{"id":294259,"first_name":"Ibrahim","last_name":"Ngah","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"ibrahimngah","display_name":"Ibrahim Ngah","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/ibrahimngah?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/294259/61106/11866677/s65_ibrahim.ngah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17951793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17951793"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17951793, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17951793", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17951793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17951793; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17951793"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17951793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17951793"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17951793; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17951793]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17951793").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17951793").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17951793"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization">Islamic Civilization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="354849" type="text/json">{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17951793]'), work: {"id":17951793,"title":"KONSEP ASAS PEMBENTUKAN INDIKATOR BANDAR SEJAHTERA MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAM","created_at":"2015-11-08T04:56:15.178-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17951793/KONSEP_ASAS_PEMBENTUKAN_INDIKATOR_BANDAR_SEJAHTERA_MENURUT_PERSPEKTIF_ISLAM?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_17951793","summary":"Bandar adalah pusat kepada perkembangan tamadun manusia. Kemunculan Islam sebagai agama teragung dan mulia\nadalah bertitik mula dari bandar. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengenalpasti konsep, prinsip dan ciri\nbandar sejahtera berteraskan Islam dan membentuk indikator bandar sejahtera berasaskan pandangan cendekiawan Islam\nseterusnya mengukur tahap kesejahteraan sesebuah bandar menerusi set indikator kesejahteraan bandar yang dihasilkan\ndan mengenalpasti implikasi kajian terhadap dasar perancangan dan pembangunan masyarakat bandar. Kaedah kajian\nmenggunakan rekabentuk kajian tinjauan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui soal selidik. Hasil kajian mendapati,\nfaktor ekonomi, akidah dan fizikal mendapat skor tertinggi iaitu bagi indikator ekonomi iaitu berkembang budaya waqaf\ndikalangan penduduk mendapat skor min 4.91. Bagi indikator akidah iaitu penduduk membaca al-Quran sebagai amalan\nharian mendapat skor 4.90 dan indikator fizikal iaitu kewujudan persekitaran bersih mendapat skor min 4.89. Secara\nkeseluruhannya, kajian mendapati bahawa kesejahteraan sesebuah bandar dipengaruhi oleh faktor spiritual jika\ndibandingkan dengan faktor fizikal.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39795926,"asset_id":17951793,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":294259,"first_name":"Ibrahim","last_name":"Ngah","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"ibrahimngah","display_name":"Ibrahim Ngah","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/ibrahimngah?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/294259/61106/11866677/s65_ibrahim.ngah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25688825" data-work_id="25688825" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25688825/The_Quranic_Identity_of_the_Muslim_Ummah_Tawhidic_Epistemology_as_its_Foundation_and_Sustainer">The Quranic Identity of the Muslim Ummah: Tawhidic Epistemology as its Foundation and Sustainer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article seeks to serve as the necessary background and foundation to another article by the author which is to appear in the upcoming issue of this journal. It explains the identity of the Muslim community (ummah) within the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25688825" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article seeks to serve as the necessary background and foundation to another article by the author which is to appear in the upcoming issue of this journal. It explains the identity of the Muslim community (ummah) within the framework of the qur'anic theory of multi-religious identities rooted in a common identity structure for all revealed religions and their respective communities. Tawhidic epistemology is central to the identity of the Muslim ummah. The essence of the ummah is a knowledge-community with its distinctive knowledge-culture founded on the qur'anic tawhid and the Muhammadan shariah. Tawhidic vision of knowledge upholds the categorical position that all true human knowledge ought to be ultimately related to the unity of God, since all things are ontologically related to their Divine Origin. Muslims today no longer possess the whole of tawhidic epistemology along with its accompanying exemplary thinking culture. The eclipse of tawhidic epistemology has resulted in deviations in thinking modes from established norms rooted in traditional Islamic intellectual culture. Only a sound epistemological order exemplified in tawhidic epistemology may guarantee a healthy thinking and knowledge-culture on which alone the strength of the Muslim ummatic identity depends.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25688825" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad6aafdca64638eac3f9b7d8cd7a2b96" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46029660,"asset_id":25688825,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46029660/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9152617" href="https://ubd.academia.edu/OsmanBakar">Osman Bakar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9152617" type="text/json">{"id":9152617,"first_name":"Osman","last_name":"Bakar","domain_name":"ubd","page_name":"OsmanBakar","display_name":"Osman Bakar","profile_url":"https://ubd.academia.edu/OsmanBakar?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9152617/2957213/3465632/s65_osman.bakar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25688825 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25688825"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25688825, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25688825", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25688825]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25688825").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25688825").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25688825"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30552" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Thought_and_Philosophy">Islamic Thought & Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30552" type="text/json">{"id":30552,"name":"Islamic Thought \u0026 Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Thought_and_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30565" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_and_Thought_in_Islamic_Science">Philosophy and Thought in Islamic Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30565" type="text/json">{"id":30565,"name":"Philosophy and Thought in Islamic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_and_Thought_in_Islamic_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25688825]'), work: {"id":25688825,"title":"The Quranic Identity of the Muslim Ummah: Tawhidic Epistemology as its Foundation and Sustainer","created_at":"2016-05-28T17:07:57.511-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25688825/The_Quranic_Identity_of_the_Muslim_Ummah_Tawhidic_Epistemology_as_its_Foundation_and_Sustainer?f_ri=354849","dom_id":"work_25688825","summary":"This article seeks to serve as the necessary background and foundation to another article by the author which is to appear in the upcoming issue of this journal. It explains the identity of the Muslim community (ummah) within the framework of the qur'anic theory of multi-religious identities rooted in a common identity structure for all revealed religions and their respective communities. Tawhidic epistemology is central to the identity of the Muslim ummah. The essence of the ummah is a knowledge-community with its distinctive knowledge-culture founded on the qur'anic tawhid and the Muhammadan shariah. Tawhidic vision of knowledge upholds the categorical position that all true human knowledge ought to be ultimately related to the unity of God, since all things are ontologically related to their Divine Origin. Muslims today no longer possess the whole of tawhidic epistemology along with its accompanying exemplary thinking culture. The eclipse of tawhidic epistemology has resulted in deviations in thinking modes from established norms rooted in traditional Islamic intellectual culture. Only a sound epistemological order exemplified in tawhidic epistemology may guarantee a healthy thinking and knowledge-culture on which alone the strength of the Muslim ummatic identity depends.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46029660,"asset_id":25688825,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9152617,"first_name":"Osman","last_name":"Bakar","domain_name":"ubd","page_name":"OsmanBakar","display_name":"Osman Bakar","profile_url":"https://ubd.academia.edu/OsmanBakar?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9152617/2957213/3465632/s65_osman.bakar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":30552,"name":"Islamic Thought \u0026 Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Thought_and_Philosophy?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":30565,"name":"Philosophy and Thought in Islamic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_and_Thought_in_Islamic_Science?f_ri=354849","nofollow":true},{"id":36717,"name":"Contemporary Islamic Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Islamic_Thought?f_ri=354849"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":47557,"name":"Islamic Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Epistemology?f_ri=354849"},{"id":77773,"name":"Islamic Civilisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilisation?f_ri=354849"},{"id":103198,"name":"Islamic thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_thought?f_ri=354849"},{"id":354849,"name":"Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":500986,"name":"Islamic History and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Civilization?f_ri=354849"},{"id":653415,"name":"Epistemology and Islamic Worldview","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology_and_Islamic_Worldview?f_ri=354849"},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=354849"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30091176" data-work_id="30091176" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30091176/BIOGRAFI_NABI_MUHAMMAD_FASE_MEKKAH_shallallahu_alaihi_wa_sallam_">BIOGRAFI NABI MUHAMMAD: FASE MEKKAH (shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nabi Muhammad adalah teladan bagi setiap kaum muslimin. Beliau dilahirkan di Mekkah dan menjalani hidup yang lurus. Sejak diangkat menjadi seorang nabi dan rasul, beliau berdakwah, mengajak manusia untuk bertauhid kepada Allah sekaligus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30091176" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nabi Muhammad adalah teladan bagi setiap kaum muslimin. Beliau dilahirkan di Mekkah dan menjalani hidup yang lurus. Sejak diangkat menjadi seorang nabi dan rasul, beliau berdakwah, mengajak manusia untuk bertauhid kepada Allah sekaligus memperingatkan manusia dari berbagai bentuk kesyirikan. Di Mekkah, beliau berdakwah selama 13 tahun. Selama itu pula beliau mendapat cobaan dan ujian dari orang-orang yang tidak menyukai beliau dan dakwah beliau.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30091176" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b1b35e0bd2ec5589629c9ff7da727607" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50546785,"asset_id":30091176,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50546785/download_file?st=MTc0MDIxODU0NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4839645" href="https://unpad.academia.edu/RimbunNatamarga">Rimbun Natamarga</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4839645" type="text/json">{"id":4839645,"first_name":"Rimbun","last_name":"Natamarga","domain_name":"unpad","page_name":"RimbunNatamarga","display_name":"Rimbun Natamarga","profile_url":"https://unpad.academia.edu/RimbunNatamarga?f_ri=354849","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4839645/2070521/2436881/s65_rimbun.natamarga.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30091176 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30091176"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30091176, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30091176", }); 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