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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in Poland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #b03822; border-bottom:2px solid #b03822; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Polish Reason of State</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname">Polska Racja Stanu</div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">PSR<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenon_Tyma" class="extiw" title="pl:Zenon Tyma">Zenon Tyma</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003-2004)</span><br /><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zbigniew_Witaszek" class="extiw" title="pl:Zbigniew Witaszek">Zbigniew Witaszek</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004-2005)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">6 September 2003<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Registered</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">15 November 2004<sup id="cite_ref-imsig_1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imsig_1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">14 November 2005<sup id="cite_ref-imsig_2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imsig_2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland">SRP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">ul. Włościańska 35A,<br /> Pawilon III A,<br /> 01-710 Warszawa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2003)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">6<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a><sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a><sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a><sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Anti-<a href="/wiki/Atlanticism" title="Atlanticism">Atlanticism</a><sup id="cite_ref-matpis_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-matpis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centre-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre-left">Centre-left</a><sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a><sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#b03822; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Sejm" title="Sejm">Sejm</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 460</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc8c33; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Poland" title="Senate of Poland">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 100</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc8c33; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 51</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc8c33; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Voivodeship_sejmik" title="Voivodeship sejmik">Regional assemblies</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 552</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc8c33; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">City presidents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 117</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc8c33; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #b03822;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Poland" title="Politics of Poland">Politics of Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Poland" title="List of political parties in Poland">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Poland" title="Elections in Poland">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Polish Reason of State</b> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Polska Racja Stanu</i>, <b>PSR</b><sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was a minor Polish political party that was active between 2003 and 2005, with a parliamentary circle in the 4th Sejm that functioned between 2003 and 2004. Founded in September 2003 by former members of the <a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland">Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Samoobrona Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej</i>, <b>SRP</b>), the party was registered in late 2004 and was composed of four Samoobrona MPs that were expelled from the party on 23 July 2003. It was later joined by two former Samoobrona members that left the party prior to 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party pledged to continue the political program and platform of Samoobrona, which it accused of going against its own proposals and ideology.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polish Reason of State presented itself as a trustworthy and accountable alternative to Samoobrona, and required its members to have political experience.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It sought to form a coalition with any of the major parties willing to take an agrarian and regulatory approach to economy.<sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After failing to find a political partner, Polish Reason of State entered talks with agrarian <a href="/wiki/Polish_Peasant_Bloc" title="Polish Peasant Bloc">Polish Peasant Bloc</a>, a fellow Samoobrona split.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately the party dissolved in 2005, less than one year after its registration in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-imsig_2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imsig_2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its members then joined the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Social_Movement" title="Self-Defence Social Movement">Self-Defence Social Movement</a> in 2006, another split from Samoobrona.<sup id="cite_ref-wprost_1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wprost_1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 23 July 2003, the leader of an <a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">agrarian socialist</a> party <a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland">Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> expelled 4 MPs from the party - Zbigniew Witaszek, Stanisław Dulias, Zenon Tyma and Zdzisław Jankowski. Expelled MPs were accused of "acting to the detriment of the party, disseminating false information and failing to comply with the party rules".<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About a month after their expulsion, the 4 MPs gathered in <a href="/wiki/Opole" title="Opole">Opole</a> on 6 September 2003, where they announced the formation of a new party - Polish Reason of State.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Founding members argued that their expulsion was unjustified and was caused by their criticism of Samoobrona, which they accused of failing to realise its political program and going against its own ideology. The party was soon joined by Zbigniew Nowak and Jerzy Pękała, two politicians that left Samoobrona in 2002. <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenon_Tyma" class="extiw" title="pl:Zenon Tyma">Zenon Tyma</a> was elected the leader of the new party, and its members started collecting the needed 1000 signatures in order to register the party.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_1_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party's identity was shaped by Stanisław Dulias, who was very close to the left-wing circles; the PRS declaration drew attention to the postulate of economic involvement of the state, reintroduction of socialist economy, and opposition to Poland's participation in NATO and 'western' wars. The party published an open letter to Andrzej Lepper which formulated a number of accusations against the leadership of Samoobrona, including those concerning ambiguities around the management of organisational funds. In it, PSR also highlighted flaws in the party's management and questioned the transparency of how funds contributed to the party by parliamentarians were allocated. In response, Lepper firmly declared that past merits for Samoobrona could not constitute a title to hold power in the party, noting the importance of new members and supporters of the group; he also stressed that those who left the ranks of the parliamentary club would not have the opportunity to run on the party's electoral lists in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-matpis_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-matpis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party was eventually registered on 15 November 2004, over a year after its foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-imsig_1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imsig_1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2004, the party entered talks with politicians <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Jagieli%C5%84ski" class="extiw" title="pl:Roman Jagieliński">Roman Jagieliński</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomasz_Mami%C5%84ski" title="Tomasz Mamiński">Tomasz Mamiński</a> to form the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Federated_Parliamentary_Club_(Poland)" title="Federated Parliamentary Club (Poland)">Federated Parliamentary Club</a>. The club consisted of social-democratic People's Democratic Party (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Partia Ludowo-Demokratyczna</i>), democratic socialist <a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Retirees_and_Pensioners" title="National Party of Retirees and Pensioners">National Party of Retirees and Pensioners</a> and Polish Reason of State, and also included former members of <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)">Democratic Left Alliance</a>. </p><p>However, most of the club's members left it within a short time of signing the agreement. The club was soon reduced to People's Democratic Party and Polish Reason of State. <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_P%C4%99ka%C5%82a" class="extiw" title="pl:Jerzy Pękała">Jerzy Pękała</a> and Zbigniew Witaszek were elected the co-leaders of the reduced formation. Witaszek then entered the parliamentary club of social-democratic Household Party (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Stronnictwo Gospodarcze</i>), but did not seek to contest the <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Poland">2004 European Parliament election in Poland</a>. The party started seeking a coalition with major parties in the Sejm, with its member stating that they were open to entering a coalition with anyone, as long as agrarian interests and introducing new regulations on Polish economy. were to be prioritized.<sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later in 2004, the leader of the party, Zenon Tyma, became a member of the far-right <a href="/wiki/League_of_Polish_Families" title="League of Polish Families">League of Polish Families</a>. In his name, Zbigniew Witaszek was elected as the new leader of Polish Reason of State. After becoming the party leader, Witaszek entered talks with <a href="/wiki/Polish_Peasant_Bloc" title="Polish Peasant Bloc">Polish Peasant Bloc</a>, an agrarian party that split from Samoobrona and Polish People's Party in 2002. Witaszek envisioned merging two parties together and stated that the new formation would be based on left-wing agrarianism and opposition to the European Union.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the talks did not succeed. In the <a href="/wiki/2005_Polish_parliamentary_election" title="2005 Polish parliamentary election">2005 Polish parliamentary election</a>, Zbigniew Witaszek and Stanisław Dulias sought re-election as independent candidates on the electoral list of <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a>. However, they did not keep their seats. The party was dissolved soon after the election, on 14 November 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-imsig_2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imsig_2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zbigniew Witaszek would play a leading role in a 2006 left-wing split from Samoobrona, <a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Social_Movement" title="Self-Defence Social Movement">Self-Defence Social Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wprost_1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wprost_1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Party authorities were elected on 6 September 2003:<sup id="cite_ref-wp_2_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Chairman - Zenon Tyma;</li> <li>Secretary - Stanisław Dulias;</li> <li>Vice-chairman - Zdzisław Jankowski;</li> <li>Vice-chairman - Zbigniew Witaszek.</li></ul> <p>In 2004, Zenon Tyma left the party and joined <a href="/wiki/League_of_Polish_Families" title="League of Polish Families">League of Polish Families</a> instead. Zbigniew Witaszek was elected as the next chairman of the party. Zbigniew Nowak became the second vice-chairman, a position previously occupied by Witaszek.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideology">Ideology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ideology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Polish Reason of State pledged to continue the political program of Samoobrona, the party it split off from. The PSR accused Samoobrona of abandoning its program as well as ideology. In the ideological declaration of the party, it was stated that "the party has to be clear and straightforward, because only such can overcome difficulties and problems". Its main goal was to "win the public's trust"; other parties were denounced as self-serving instead of serving the people, a situation that the PSR called "pathological".<sup id="cite_ref-wp_2_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ideologically, the party was described as left-wing.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political scientist <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mateusz_Piskorski" class="extiw" title="pl:Mateusz Piskorski">Mateusz Piskorski</a> notes that members of the party were close to left-wing political circles, including Samoobrona itself. The ideological declaration of the party was mainly composed of calls for the nationalization of industries and socialization of the Polish economy, which was consistent with the far-left program of the members' original party as well. Of particular importance to PSR was also opposition of Polish membership in NATO and its involvement in what the party termed 'Western' wars, such as the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-matpis_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-matpis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party had rigorous membership requirements, and announced that its members are required to have at least 6 months of experience in politics. The party wanted to present an alternative to both Samoobrona as well as social-democratic <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)">Democratic Left Alliance</a> (SLD), asserting that many voters are disaffected with the state of Polish left-wing political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_2_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to its later party leader, Zbigniew Witaszek, PSR was ready to enter a coalition with any "honest, decent and unadulterated" party, as long as it promised to prioritize agrarian interests and take a regulatory, non-liberal approach to Polish economy. The aim of the party was to "repair" the 1989 economic transformation of Polish economy, which the party blamed for causing injustice and poverty.<sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mirrored the rhetoric of Samoobrona, which popularized a slogan "Balcerowicz must go" in order to protest introduction of capitalist system in Poland initiated by the <a href="/wiki/Balcerowicz_Plan" title="Balcerowicz Plan">Balcerowicz Plan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pledging to repair the 'injustice' done in 1989, Polish Reason of State described itself as a socialist party, much in line with original Samoobrona and its ideology.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the party also praised 'Catholic ethic' and wanted it to remain a guiding force of Polish society.<sup id="cite_ref-pol_1_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party was also Eurosceptical and opposed to the European Union; the party wanted to enter the European Parliament despite its anti-EU position.<sup id="cite_ref-witaszek_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with socialism and Euroscepticism, the PSR put agrarianism and rural interests on the forefront of its ideology, and actively sought alliances with other agrarian parties; ultimately the party members joined another agrarian-oriented split from Samoobrona - Self-Defence Social Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-wprost_1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wprost_1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Social_Movement" title="Self-Defence Social Movement">Self-Defence Social Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland">Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Rebirth" title="Self-Defence Rebirth">Self-Defence Rebirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Polish_Nation" title="Self-Defence of the Polish Nation">Self-Defence of the Polish Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Self-Defence" title="Patriotic Self-Defence">Patriotic Self-Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Polish_Families" title="League of Polish Families">League of Polish Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Lepper" title="Andrzej Lepper">Andrzej Lepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Regions_(Poland)" title="Party of Regions (Poland)">Party of Regions (Poland)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wp_1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wp_1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a 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.id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/sejm-byli-poslowie-samoobrony-utworzyli-kolo-polska-racja-stanu-6031647825118337a">"Sejm: byli posłowie Samoobrony utworzyli koło Polska Racja Stanu"</a>. <i>wp.pl</i> (in Polish). 12 September 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wp.pl&rft.atitle=Sejm%3A+byli+pos%C5%82owie+Samoobrony+utworzyli+ko%C5%82o+Polska+Racja+Stanu&rft.date=2003-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.wp.pl%2Fsejm-byli-poslowie-samoobrony-utworzyli-kolo-polska-racja-stanu-6031647825118337a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imsig_1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imsig_1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imsig_1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imsig.pl/pozycja/2004/255/13739,Polska_Racja_Stanu">"Numer 255/2004 (2091) z 30 grudnia 2004 r. → Pozycja 13739"</a>. <i>imsig.pl</i> (in Polish). 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=imsig.pl&rft.atitle=Numer+255%2F2004+%282091%29+z+30+grudnia+2004+r.+%E2%86%92+Pozycja+13739&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imsig.pl%2Fpozycja%2F2004%2F255%2F13739%2CPolska_Racja_Stanu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imsig_2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imsig_2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imsig_2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imsig_2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imsig.pl/pozycja/2006/17/938,Polska_Racja_Stanu">"Numer 17/2006 (2362) z 24 stycznia 2006 r. → Pozycja 938"</a>. <i>imsig.pl</i> (in Polish). 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=imsig.pl&rft.atitle=Numer+17%2F2006+%282362%29+z+24+stycznia+2006+r.+%E2%86%92+Pozycja+938&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imsig.pl%2Fpozycja%2F2006%2F17%2F938%2CPolska_Racja_Stanu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-witaszek-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-witaszek_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polityka.pl/archiwumpolityki/1825328,1,witaszek-objal-racje-stanu.read">the original</a> on 28 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=polityka.pl&rft.atitle=Witaszek+obj%C4%85%C5%82+Racj%C4%99+Stanu&rft.date=2003-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polityka.pl%2Farchiwumpolityki%2F1825328%2C1%2Cwitaszek-objal-racje-stanu.read&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pol_1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pol_1_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220130004609/https://www.polityka.pl/archiwumpolityki/1859612,1,sekrety-niezrzeszonych.read">"Sekrety niezrzeszonych"</a>. <i>polityka.pl</i> (in Polish). 29 January 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polityka.pl/archiwumpolityki/1859612,1,sekrety-niezrzeszonych.read">the original</a> on 30 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=polityka.pl&rft.atitle=Sekrety+niezrzeszonych&rft.date=2005-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polityka.pl%2Farchiwumpolityki%2F1859612%2C1%2Csekrety-niezrzeszonych.read&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-matpis-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-matpis_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-matpis_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-matpis_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMateusz_Piskorski2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mateusz_Piskorski" class="extiw" title="pl:Mateusz Piskorski">Mateusz Piskorski</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in Polish]</span> (2010). <i>Samoobrona RP w polskim systemie partyjnym</i> (in Polish) (Dissertation ed.). Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. p. 97.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samoobrona+RP+w+polskim+systemie+partyjnym&rft.place=Pozna%C5%84&rft.pages=97&rft.edition=Dissertation&rft.pub=Adam+Mickiewicz+University+in+Pozna%C5%84&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Mateusz+Piskorski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp_2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wp_2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_2_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_2_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp_2_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/polska-racja-stanu-po-samoobronie-6032051186557569a">"Polska Racja Stanu po Samoobronie"</a>. <i>wp.pl</i> (in Polish). 6 September 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wp.pl&rft.atitle=Polska+Racja+Stanu+po+Samoobronie&rft.date=2003-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.wp.pl%2Fpolska-racja-stanu-po-samoobronie-6032051186557569a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wprost_1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wprost_1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wprost_1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wprost_1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wprost.pl/kraj/87835/lepper-musi-odejsc.html">"Lepper musi odejść!"</a>. <i>wprost.pl</i> (in Polish). 12 March 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wprost.pl&rft.atitle=Lepper+musi+odej%C5%9B%C4%87%21&rft.date=2006-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wprost.pl%2Fkraj%2F87835%2Flepper-musi-odejsc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerrit_VoermanDirk_StrijkerIda_Terluin2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrit_Voerman" class="extiw" title="nl:Gerrit Voerman">Gerrit Voerman</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in Dutch]</span>; Dirk Strijker; Ida Terluin (2015). "Contemporary Populism, the Agrarian and the Rural in Central Eastern and Western Europe". In <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_de_Lange" class="extiw" title="nl:Sarah de Lange">Sarah de Lange</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in Dutch]</span> (ed.). <i>Rural Protest Groups and Populist Political Parties</i>. Wageningen Academic Publishers. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3920%2F978-90-8686-807-0">10.3920/978-90-8686-807-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789086862597" title="Special:BookSources/9789086862597"><bdi>9789086862597</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Populism%2C+the+Agrarian+and+the+Rural+in+Central+Eastern+and+Western+Europe&rft.btitle=Rural+Protest+Groups+and+Populist+Political+Parties&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Wageningen+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3920%2F978-90-8686-807-0&rft.isbn=9789086862597&rft.au=Gerrit+Voerman&rft.au=Dirk+Strijker&rft.au=Ida+Terluin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKania-Lundholm2012" class="citation book cs1">Kania-Lundholm, Magdalena (2012). <i>Re-Branding A Nation Online: Discourses on Polish Nationalism and Patriotism</i>. Uppsala University. p. 105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-506-2302-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-91-506-2302-4"><bdi>978-91-506-2302-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Re-Branding+A+Nation+Online%3A+Discourses+on+Polish+Nationalism+and+Patriotism&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Uppsala+University&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-91-506-2302-4&rft.aulast=Kania-Lundholm&rft.aufirst=Magdalena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+Reason+of+State" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em 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aria-labelledby="Political_parties_and_political_associations_in_Poland_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Poland&#124;link=Poland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polish_political_parties" title="Template:Polish political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Polish_political_parties" title="Template talk:Polish political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Polish_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Polish political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_and_political_associations_in_Poland_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Poland&#124;link=Poland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Poland" title="List of political parties in Poland">Political parties and political associations in Poland</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Represented in<br />the <a href="/wiki/Sejm" title="Sejm">Sejm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_Right_(Poland)" title="United Right (Poland)">United Right</a></i> (191) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a> (183)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Renewal of the Republic of Poland">Renew RP</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Affairs" title="Polish Affairs">Polish Affairs</a> (1)</li> <li>Independent (2)*</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_(Poland)" title="Civic Coalition (Poland)">Civic Coalition</a></i> (157) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform" title="Civic Platform">Civic Platform</a> (127)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_(political_party)" title="Modern (political party)">Modern</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Initiative" title="Polish Initiative">Polish Initiative</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Greens_(Poland)" title="The Greens (Poland)">The Greens</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGROunia" title="AGROunia">AGROunion</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes!_For_Poland" title="Yes! For Poland">Yes! For Poland</a> (1)</li> <li>Independents (15)**</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Poland)" title="The Left (Poland)">The Left</a></i> (26) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">New Left</a> (19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Together" title="Left Together">Left Together</a> (7)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_2050" title="Poland 2050">Poland 2050</a> (33)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Coalition" title="Polish Coalition">Polish Coalition</a></i> (32) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a> (28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Poland" title="Centre for Poland">Centre for Poland</a> (3)</li> <li>Independent (1)***</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">Confederation</a></i> (18) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Movement_(Poland)" title="National Movement (Poland)">National Movement</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Poland)" title="New Hope (Poland)">New Hope</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown" title="Confederation of the Polish Crown">Confederation of the Polish Crown</a> (3)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukiz%2715" title="Kukiz'15">Kukiz'15</a> (3)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Represented in<br />the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Poland" title="Senate of Poland">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_Right_(Poland)" title="United Right (Poland)">United Right</a></i> (34) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a> (30)</li> <li>Independents (4)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_(Poland)" title="Civic Coalition (Poland)">Civic Coalition</a></i> (41) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform" title="Civic Platform">Civic Platform</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes!_For_Poland" title="Yes! For Poland">Yes! For Poland</a> (1)</li> <li>Independents (4)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Third_Way_(Poland)" title="Third Way (Poland)">Third Way (Poland)</a></i> (12) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poland_2050" title="Poland 2050">Poland 2050</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Poland" title="Centre for Poland">Centre for Poland</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_European_Democrats" title="Union of European Democrats">Union of European Democrats</a> (1)</li> <li>Independent (1)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Poland)" title="The Left (Poland)">The Left</a></i> (9) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">New Left</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Together" title="Left Together">Left Together</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party" title="Polish Socialist Party">Polish Socialist Party</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Union_(Poland)" title="Labour Union (Poland)">Labour Union</a> (1)</li></ul></li> <li>Independents (4)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Represented in the<br /><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_(Poland)" title="Civic Coalition (Poland)">Civic Coalition</a></i> (21) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform" title="Civic Platform">Civic Platform</a> (17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Initiative" title="Polish Initiative">Polish Initiative</a> (1)</li> <li>Independents (3)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_Right_(Poland)" title="United Right (Poland)">United Right</a></i> (20) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a> (20)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">Confederation</a></i> (6) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">Confederation</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Poland)" title="New Hope (Poland)">New Hope</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown" title="Confederation of the Polish Crown">Confederation of the Polish Crown</a> (1)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Third_Way_(Poland)" title="Third Way (Poland)">Third Way</a></i> (3) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_2050" title="Poland 2050">Poland 2050</a> (1)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Poland)" title="The Left (Poland)">The Left</a></i> (3) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">New Left</a> (3)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other existing parties<br />and<br />political movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Better_Poland" title="Better Poland">Better Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_City_Is_Ours" title="The City Is Ours">The City Is Ours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Initiative_(Poland)" title="Civic Initiative (Poland)">Civic Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Powiat" title="Common Powiat">Common Powiat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">Confederation Liberty and Independence</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Polish_Youth" title="All-Polish Youth">All-Polish Youth</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Christian_Families" title="Union of Christian Families">Union of Christian Families</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_New_Right" title="Congress of the New Right">Congress of the New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gierek%27s_Economic_Revival_Movement" title="Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement">Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers_from_the_Baltic_to_the_Tatras" title="Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras">Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falanga_(organisation)" title="Falanga (organisation)">Falanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Self-Governance_League" title="First Self-Governance League">First Self-Governance League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Equality" title="Freedom and Equality">Freedom and Equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolno%C5%9Bciowcy" title="Wolnościowcy">Freedomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inhabitants%27_Wola" title="Inhabitants' Wola">Inhabitants' Wola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurassic-Silesian_Association_European_Home" title="Jurassic-Silesian Association European Home">Jurassic-Silesian Association European Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_Association" title="Kashubian Association">Kashubian Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Poland)" title="Labour Party (Poland)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Polish_Families" title="League of Polish Families">League of Polish Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Poland_%E2%80%93_Entrepreneurs%27_Strike" title="Liberal Poland – Entrepreneurs' Strike">Liberal Poland – Entrepreneurs' Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Retirees_and_Pensioners" title="National Party of Retirees and Pensioners">National Party of Retirees and Pensioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp_(1993)" title="National Radical Camp (1993)">National Radical Camp (1993)</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Revival_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Revival of Poland">National Revival of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_-_Yes" title="New Democracy - Yes">New Democracy - Yes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal_Country" title="Normal Country">Normal Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezpartyjni_Samorz%C4%85dowcy" title="Bezpartyjni Samorządowcy">Nonpartisan Local Government Activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OK_Poland_Local_Government_Coalition" title="OK Poland Local Government Coalition">OK Poland Local Government Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_the_Polish_Nation_%E2%80%93_Polish_League" title="Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League">Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Party_(Poland)" title="Peasants' Party (Poland)">Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piast_Faction" title="Piast Faction">Piast Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PolExit_(political_party)" title="PolExit (political party)">PolExit</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Coalition" title="Polish Coalition">Polish Coalition</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Democrats_(Poland)" title="Alliance of Democrats (Poland)">Alliance of Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesians_Together" title="Silesians Together">Silesians Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_(political_party)" title="Agreement (political party)">Agreement (political party)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Left" title="Polish Left">Polish Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Pirate_Party" title="Polish Pirate Party">Polish Pirate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Party_of_Animal_Protection" title="Polish Party of Animal Protection">Polish Party of Animal Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Communist_Party_(2002)" title="Polish Communist Party (2002)">Polish Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Europe_Movement" title="Real Europe Movement">Real Europe Movement – Europa Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Politics_Union" title="Real Politics Union">Real Politics Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repair_Poland_Movement" title="Repair Poland Movement">Repair Poland Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Wing_of_the_Republic" title="Right Wing of the Republic">Right Wing of the Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland">Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Rebirth" title="Self-Defence Rebirth">Self-Defence Rebirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Autonomy_Movement" title="Silesian Autonomy Movement">Silesian Autonomy Movement</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Regional_Party" title="Silesian Regional Party">Silesian Regional Party</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Separatist_Movement" title="Silesian Separatist Movement">Silesian Separatist Movement</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alternative_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Alternative (Poland)">Socialist Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Movement_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Social Movement of the Republic of Poland">Social Movement of the Republic of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_(Polish_trade_union)" title="Solidarity (Polish trade union)">Solidarity</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Union_(Poland)" title="Slavic Union (Poland)">Slavic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/There_is_One_Poland" title="There is One Poland">There is One Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Beyond_Boundaries" title="United Beyond Boundaries">United Beyond Boundaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Democracy_(Poland)" title="Workers' Democracy (Poland)">Workers' Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Minority_Electoral_Committee" title="German Minority Electoral Committee">German Minority</a>****</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Polish–LithuanianCommonwealth" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian<br />Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Party" title="Patriotic Party">Patriotic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetmans%27_Party" title="Hetmans' Party">Hetmans' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familia_(political_party)" title="Familia (political party)">Familia Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-war and<br />inter-war eras</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Association_of_National_Parties_and_Organizations" title="Association of National Parties and Organizations">Association of National Parties and Organizations</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_People%27s_Party_(Poland)" title="Catholic People's Party (Poland)">Catholic People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrolew" title="Centrolew">Centrolew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Poland" title="Communist Party of Poland">Communist Party of Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Western_Ukraine" title="Communist Party of Western Ukraine">Communist Party of Western Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Western_Belorussia" title="Communist Party of Western Belorussia">Communist Party of Western Belorussia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Silesian_Land" title="Communist Party of Silesian Land">Communist Party of Silesian Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Clubs" title="Democratic Clubs">Democratic Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Central_Lithuania)" title="Democratic Party (Central Lithuania)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Front_Morges" title="Front Morges">Front Morges</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Partia_Pracy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor Party (Partia Pracy)">Labor Party (PP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Faction_(1937)" title="Labour Faction (1937)">Labour Faction (1937)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Democracy_(Poland)" title="National Democracy (Poland)">National Democracy</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Union_of_National_Unity" title="Christian Union of National Unity">Christian Union of National Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_of_Great_Poland" title="Camp of Great Poland">Camp of Great Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_National_Union" title="Popular National Union">Popular National Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Poland)" title="National Party (Poland)">National Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp" title="National Radical Camp">National Radical Camp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp_(1934)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Radical Camp (1934)">National Radical Camp (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp_Falanga" class="mw-redirect" title="National Radical Camp Falanga">National Radical Camp Falanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp_ABC" class="mw-redirect" title="National Radical Camp ABC">National Radical Camp ABC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Union" title="National People's Union">National People's Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Workers%27_Party" title="National Workers' Party">National Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_Group_of_Popular_Councils" title="Peasant Group of Popular Councils">Peasant Group of Popular Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_Party_(Poland)" title="Peasant Party (Poland)">Peasant Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Poland)" title="People's Party (Poland)">People's Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Centre" title="Polish Centre">Polish Centre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish-Catholic_People%27s_Party" title="Polish-Catholic People's Party">Polish-Catholic People's Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Catholic_Bloc" title="Polish Catholic Bloc">Polish Catholic Bloc</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Christian_Democratic_Party" title="Polish Christian Democratic Party">Polish Christian Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Nonpartisan_Organization" title="Polish Nonpartisan Organization">Polish Nonpartisan Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party_%22Piast%22_(1913%E2%80%931931)" title="Polish People's Party "Piast" (1913–1931)">Polish People's Party "Piast"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party_%22Nowe_Wyzwolenie%22" title="Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie"">Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party_of_Wilno_Land" title="Polish People's Party of Wilno Land">Polish People's Party of Wilno Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party_%22Wyzwolenie%22" title="Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"">Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party" title="Polish Socialist Party">Polish Socialist Party (1892)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialists" title="Polish Socialists">Polish Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party_%E2%80%93_Freedom,_Equality,_Independence" title="Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence">Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party_%E2%80%93_Left" title="Polish Socialist Party – Left">Polish Socialist Party – Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party_of_Lithuania_and_Belarus" title="Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus">Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party_of_the_Prussian_Partition" title="Polish Socialist Party of the Prussian Partition">Polish Socialist Party of the Prussian Partition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party_%E2%80%93_Revolutionary_Faction" title="Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction">Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Union_of_Peasant_Activists" title="Polish Union of Peasant Activists">Polish Union of Peasant Activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Association_%22Odrodzenie%22" title="Popular Association "Odrodzenie"">Popular Association "Odrodzenie"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Association_%22Odrodzenie-Wyzwolenie%22" title="Popular Association "Odrodzenie-Wyzwolenie"">Popular Association "Odrodzenie-Wyzwolenie"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Councils_(political_party)" title="Popular Councils (political party)">Popular Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Poland)" title="Popular Unity (Poland)">Popular Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Peasant_Party" title="Radical Peasant Party">Radical Peasant Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democracy_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland_and_Lithuania" title="Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania">Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Upper_Silesians" title="Union of Upper Silesians">Union of Upper Silesians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communist era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Poland_(Mijal)" title="Communist Party of Poland (Mijal)">Communist Party of Poland (Mijal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_Independent_Poland" title="Confederation of Independent Poland">Confederation of Independent Poland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Front_of_National_Unity" title="Front of National Unity">Front of National Unity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Movement_for_National_Rebirth" title="Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth">Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Workers%27_Party" title="Polish Workers' Party">Polish Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_United_Workers%27_Party" title="Polish United Workers' Party">Polish United Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Party_(Poland)" title="United People's Party (Poland)">United People's Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_Home" title="Ancestral Home">Ancestral Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Poland" title="Alliance for Poland">Alliance for Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Social_Movement" title="Alternative Social Movement">Alternative Social Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agreement_for_the_Future_%E2%80%93_CenterLeft" title="Agreement for the Future – CenterLeft">Agreement for the Future – CenterLeft</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Electoral_Action" title="Catholic Electoral Action">Catholic Electoral Action</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Electoral_Committee_%22Fatherland%22" title="Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"">Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Agreement" title="Centre Agreement">Centre Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Agreement_%E2%80%93_Integrative_Initiative" title="Centre Agreement – Integrative Initiative">Centre Agreement – Integrative Initiative</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Centre_Agreement_%E2%80%93_Polish_Union" title="Centre Agreement – Polish Union">Centre Agreement – Polish Union</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Poland)" title="Christian Democracy (Poland)">Christian Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_of_the_Third_Polish_Republic" title="Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic">Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_National_Union" title="Christian National Union">Christian National Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian-Peasant_Party" title="Christian-Peasant Party">Christian-Peasant Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_for_Democratic_Action" title="Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action">Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Republic" title="Coalition for the Republic">Coalition for the Republic</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_Independent_Poland" title="Confederation of Independent Poland">Confederation of Independent Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_(Poland)" title="Conservative People's Party (Poland)">Conservative People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)">Democratic Left Alliance</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Alliance_%E2%80%93_Labour_Union" title="Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union">Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_%E2%80%93_demokraci.pl" title="Democratic Party – demokraci.pl">Democratic Party – demokraci.pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_(Poland)" title="Democratic Union (Poland)">Democratic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Democracy_(Poland)" title="Direct Democracy (Poland)">Direct Democracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europa_Plus_(Poland)" title="Europa Plus (Poland)">Europa Plus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/European_Coalition_(Poland)" title="European Coalition (Poland)">European Coalition</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_Initiative_(Poland)" title="Feminist Initiative (Poland)">Feminist Initiative/Women's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_Poland" title="Forward Poland">Forward Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Union_(Poland)" title="Freedom Union (Poland)">Freedom Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_for_Poland" title="Initiative for Poland">Initiative for Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Initiative of the Republic of Poland">Initiative RP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Poland)" title="Labour Party (Poland)">Labour Party (Poland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_and_Self-Defense" title="League and Self-Defense">League and Self-Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_the_Right_of_the_Republic" title="League of the Right of the Republic">League of the Right of the Republic</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Left_and_Democrats" title="Left and Democrats">Left and Democrats</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Congress" title="Liberal Democratic Congress">Liberal Democratic Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertas_Poland" title="Libertas Poland">Libertas Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Reconstruction_of_Poland" title="Movement for Reconstruction of Poland">Movement for Reconstruction of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Republic" title="Movement for the Republic">Movement for the Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Republic_%E2%80%93_Patriotic_Camp" title="Movement for the Republic – Patriotic Camp">Movement for the Republic – Patriotic Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_League_(Poland,_2007)" title="National League (Poland, 2007)">National League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Poland,_1989)" title="National Party (Poland, 1989)">National Party (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_%22Fatherland%22" title="National Party "Fatherland"">National Party "Fatherland"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Self-Defence_Front" title="National Self-Defence Front">National Self-Defence Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_Bloc_for_Support_of_Reforms" title="Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms">Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Now!_(political_party)" title="Now! (political party)">Now!</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Social_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Social Alliance (Poland)">Social Alliance</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Self-Defence" title="Patriotic Self-Defence">Patriotic Self-Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Drivers" title="Party of Drivers">Party of Drivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Regions_(Poland)" title="Party of Regions (Poland)">Party of Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_X" title="Party X">Party X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Agreement" title="Peasants' Agreement">Peasants' Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Movement_(Poland)" title="People's National Movement (Poland)">People's National Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_Comes_First" title="Poland Comes First">Poland Comes First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Confederation_%E2%80%93_Dignity_and_Work" title="Polish Confederation – Dignity and Work">Polish Confederation – Dignity and Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Beer-Lovers%27_Party" title="Polish Beer-Lovers' Party">Polish Beer-Lovers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_Fair_Play" title="Poland Fair Play">Poland Fair Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Union" title="Polish Union">Polish Union</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Polish Reason of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Labour_Party_-_August_80" title="Polish Labour Party - August 80">Polish Labour Party - August 80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_National_Party" title="Polish National Party">Polish National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reason_Party_(Poland)" title="Reason Party (Poland)">Reason Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Right Alliance (Poland)">Right Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_of_the_Polish_Nation" title="Self-Defence of the Polish Nation">Self-Defence of the Polish Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Defence_Social_Movement" title="Self-Defence Social Movement">Self-Defence Social Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Justice_Movement" title="Social Justice Movement">Social Justice Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_Electoral_Action" title="Solidarity Electoral Action">Solidarity Electoral Action</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_(political_party)" title="Spring (political party)">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Poor_of_Poland" title="The Poor of Poland">The Poor of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Poland" title="Sovereign Poland">Sovereign Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(Poland)" title="The Republicans (Poland)">The Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Republic_Movement" title="Third Republic Movement">Third Republic Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_Left_(Poland)" title="United Left (Poland)">United Left</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Your_Movement" title="Your Movement">Your Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div><i>italic font – electoral alliances and/or popular fronts</i> <br /> *: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbigniew_Ajchler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbigniew Ajchler (page does not exist)">Zbigniew Ajchler</a> <br /> **: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotr_Adamowicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piotr Adamowicz (page does not exist)">Piotr Adamowicz</a> et al., <br /> ***: <a href="/wiki/Marek_Biernacki" title="Marek Biernacki">Marek Biernacki</a> <br /> ****: not currently registered as a party <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Poland" title="Politics of Poland">Politics of Poland</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&oldid=1255206306">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polish_Reason_of_State&oldid=1255206306</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2003_establishments_in_Poland" title="Category:2003 establishments in Poland">2003 establishments in Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2005_disestablishments_in_Poland" title="Category:2005 disestablishments in Poland">2005 disestablishments in Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Agrarian_parties_in_Poland" title="Category:Agrarian parties in Poland">Agrarian parties in Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Agrarian_socialist_parties" title="Category:Agrarian socialist parties">Agrarian socialist parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_socialist_parties_in_Poland" title="Category:Defunct socialist parties in Poland">Defunct socialist parties in Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_disestablished_in_2005" title="Category:Political parties disestablished in 2005">Political parties disestablished in 2005</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_established_in_2003" title="Category:Political parties established in 2003">Political parties established in 2003</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Polish-language_sources_(pl)" title="Category:CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)">CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_interwiki-linked_names" title="Category:CS1 interwiki-linked names">CS1 interwiki-linked names</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Polish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Polish-language text">Articles containing Polish-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 November 2024, at 18:35<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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