CINXE.COM
Apă - Wikipedia
<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Apă - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )rowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ianuarie","februarie","martie","aprilie","mai","iunie","iulie","august","septembrie","octombrie","noiembrie","decembrie"],"wgRequestId":"469934f2-54d5-4bef-9684-74270ccfa4ba","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Apă","wgTitle":"Apă","wgCurRevisionId":16671762,"wgRevisionId":16671762,"wgArticleId":54612,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect": false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Apă","wgRelevantArticleId":54612,"wgTempUserName":null,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ro","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ro"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat": [],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"} ,{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon", "fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti", "tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q283","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":false,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu": false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":false},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0],"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.2"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init", "ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Water_drop_animation.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Water_drop_animation.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Apă - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modificare" href="/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ro)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ro.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Apă rootpage-Apă stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="ro" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%25C4%2583&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Acasă</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Aleatoriu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Aleatoriu</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">În apropiere</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Ap%C4%83&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Autentificare</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Ap%C4%83&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Setări</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source%3Ddonate%26utm_medium%3Dsidebar%26utm_campaign%3DC13_ro.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Dro%26utm_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donații</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Despre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Despre Wikipedia</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Termeni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Termeni</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Căutare"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Căutare în Wikipedia" aria-label="Căutare în Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Căutare</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigarea de utilizator"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Apă</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> lichid indispensabil vieții </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Limbă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Limbă</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Ap%C4%83&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Urmărește</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modificare</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare"> Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_(dezambiguizare)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Apă (dezambiguizare)">Apă (dezambiguizare)</a>. </div> <ul> <li><i>Acest articol se concentrează asupra apei așa cum este percepută în viața de zi cu zi.</i></li> <li><i>Pentru studiul apei ca substanță chimică indispensabilă vieții, a se vedea articolul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_(molecul%C4%83)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă (moleculă)">Apă (moleculă)</a>, unde se găsesc toate informațiile privind structura, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Compozi%C8%9Bie_chimic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Compoziție chimică">compoziția</a> și proprietățile apei pure (H<sub>2</sub>O, denumită în chimie și oxid de hidrogen).</i></li> </ul> <p><b>Apa</b> este un lichid inodor, insipid și incolor, de cele mai multe ori, sau ușor albăstrui sau chiar verzui în straturi groase. Apa este o substanță absolut indispensabilă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Via%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viață">vieții</a>, indiferent de forma acesteia, fiind unul dintre cei mai universali <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solvent?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solvent">solvenți</a>. Apa este un compus chimic al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hidrogen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hidrogen">hidrogenului</a> și al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oxigen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oxigen">oxigenului</a>, având formula chimică brută <b>H<sub>2</sub>O</b>. Apa este una din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Substan%C8%9B%C4%83_chimic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Substanță chimică">substanțele</a> cele mai răspândite pe planeta Pământ, formând unul din învelișurile acesteia, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hidrosfer%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hidrosferă">hidrosfera</a>.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Water_drop_animation.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Water_drop_animation.gif/200px-Water_drop_animation.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Water_drop_animation.gif/300px-Water_drop_animation.gif 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Water_drop_animation.gif/400px-Water_drop_animation.gif 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640"></a> <figcaption> Picături de apă curgând de la un <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robinet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robinet">robinet</a> </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Cuprins</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Descriere"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Descriere</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#V%C8%83rsta_%C8%99i_formarea_apei_%C3%AEn_univers"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Vȃrsta și formarea apei în univers</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Propriet%C4%83%C8%9Bi_moleculare"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Proprietăți moleculare</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Forme_de_ap%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Forme de apă</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Apa_%C3%AEn_biologie_%C8%99i_civiliza%C8%9Bia_uman%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Apa în biologie și civilizația umană</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pozi%C8%9Biile_astronomice_ale_P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntului_%C8%99i_influen%C8%9Ba_lor_asupra_maselor_mari_de_ap%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Pozițiile astronomice ale Pământului și influența lor asupra maselor mari de apă</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Utilizarea_apei_de_c%C4%83tre_oameni"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Utilizarea apei de către oameni</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Apa_ca_o_surs%C4%83_pre%C8%9Bioas%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Apa ca o sursă prețioasă</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Regularizarea_distribu%C8%9Biei_apei"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Regularizarea distribuției apei</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Impactul_apei_asupra_religiei_%C8%99i_filozofiei"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Impactul apei asupra religiei și filozofiei</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Apa_%C3%AEn_Univers"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Apa în Univers</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Note</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografie_suplimentar%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografie suplimentară</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Apa_ca_resurs%C4%83_natural%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">11.1</span> <span class="toctext">Apa ca resursă naturală</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vezi_%C8%99i"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Vezi și</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Leg%C4%83turi_externe"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Legături externe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Descriere">Descriere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Descriere" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pământ">Pământ</a>, apa există în multe forme, în cele mai variate locuri. Sub formă de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_s%C4%83rat%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă sărată">apă sărată</a> există în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ocean?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ocean">oceane</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mare">mări</a>. Sub formă de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_dulce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă dulce">apă dulce</a> în stare <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solid">solidă</a>, apa se găsește în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calot%C4%83_polar%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calotă polară">calotele polare</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ghe%C8%9Bar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ghețar">ghețari</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aisberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aisberg">aisberguri</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C4%83pad%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zăpadă">zăpadă</a>, dar și ca <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Precipita%C8%9Bie&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Precipitație — pagină inexistentă">precipitații</a> solide, sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ninsoare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninsoare">ninsoare</a>. Sub formă de apă dulce <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lichid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lichid">lichidă</a>, apa se găsește în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_curg%C4%83toare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă curgătoare">ape curgătoare</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_st%C4%83t%C4%83toare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă stătătoare">stătătoare</a>, precipitații lichide, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ploaie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ploaie">ploi</a>, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_freatic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Apă freatică">ape freatice</a> sau subterane. În atmosferă, apa se găsește sub formă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaz">gazoasă</a> alcătuind <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nor">norii</a> sau fiind difuzată în aer determinând <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umiditate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umiditate">umiditatea</a> acestuia. Considerând întreaga planetă, apa se găsește continuu în mișcare și transformare, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evaporare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evaporare">evaporarea</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Condensare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Condensare">condensarea</a>, respectiv <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solidificare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solidificare">solidificarea</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Topire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Topire">topirea</a> alternând mereu. Această perpetuă mișcare a apei se numește <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciclul_apei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciclul apei">ciclul apei</a> și constituie obiectul de studiu al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meteorologie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meteorologie">meteorologiei</a> și al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hidrologie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hidrologie">hidrologiei</a>.</p> <p>Apa care este potrivită consumului uman se numește <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_potabil%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă potabilă">apă potabilă</a>. Conform standardului din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="România">România</a>, pentru ca apa să fie potabilă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seston?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seston">sestonul</a> nu trebuie să depășească 1ml/m³.<span class="citationNeeded skin-invert"></span><sup class="noprint"><span style="color:red;">[<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor"><i>necesită citare</i></a>]</span></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16584850">.mw-parser-output .citationNeeded{background-color:#ffeaea;color:#444444}</style> Pe măsura creșterii populației umane de-a lungul timpului și a folosirii intensive și extensive a resurselor de apă susceptibile de a furniza apă potabilă, problema apei utilizabile a devenit o problemă vitală a omenirii. Apa acoperă 71 % din suprafața <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pământ">Pământului</a>.</p> <p>Apa este extrem de importantă din punct de vedere fiziologic, economic și industrial. Transportul pe apă este coloana vertebrală a comerțului și a economiei.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volumul de pește capturat în 2017 din apele naturale și acvacultură a depășit 170 de milioane de tone.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Centralele hidroelectrice reprezintă o piatră de temelie importantă a dezvoltării durabile,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> capacitatea totală hidroelectrică a lumii în 2015 fiind de 1.212 GW.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În plus, apa este utilizată în sistemele de răcire, încălzire și centralele termoelectrice. Aplicațiile apei în industria chimică și farmaceutică sunt, de asemenea, foarte diverse. Pe de o parte, este un solvent esențial, mediu de reacție în sinteze anorganice și organice ba chiar și reactiv (sinteza de HNO3, H2SO4). Prin reformarea alcanilor<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sau alcoolilior<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cu vapori de apă se poate produce gaz de sinteză, iar cracarea cu vapori de apă produce olefine foarte valoroase (etilenă, propilenă). De asemenea, apa joacă un rol semnificativ în sinteza acidului acrilic pe baza oxidării propanului și propilenei.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cercetările intensive se concentrează, de asemenea, pe producerea de apă oxigenată.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vȃrsta_și_formarea_apei_în_univers"><span id="V.C8.83rsta_.C8.99i_formarea_apei_.C3.AEn_univers"></span>Vȃrsta și formarea apei în univers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vȃrsta și formarea apei în univers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Cercetători de la University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Illinois, USA) au descoperit recent (2021) molecule de apă în cele 2 galaxii cu numele SPT0311-58 (depistate în anul 2017) la 12,88 miliarde ani-lumină, deci la 780 milioane ani după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Bang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a> (ceea ce reprezintă abia 5% din vȃrsta curentă a universului)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Descoperirea a avut loc la Observatorul ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array) din deșertul Atacama (Chile).</p> <p>Combinarea hidrogenului cu oxigenul s-a putut realiza numai pe particule de praf stelar.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Proprietăți_moleculare"><span id="Propriet.C4.83.C8.9Bi_moleculare"></span>Proprietăți moleculare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proprietăți moleculare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Forme_de_apă"><span id="Forme_de_ap.C4.83"></span>Forme de apă</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Forme de apă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg/235px-SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1437"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 235px;height: 300px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg/235px-SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg" data-width="235" data-height="300" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg/353px-SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg/470px-SnowflakesWilsonBentley.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Fulgi de zăpadă</i> de Wilson Bentley, 1902 </figcaption> </figure> <p>Apa se găsește sub diverse forme în natură: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vapori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vapori">vapori</a> de apă și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nor">nori</a> în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atmosfer%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Atmosferă">atmosferă</a>, valuri și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aisberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aisberg">aisberguri</a> în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ocean?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ocean">oceane</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ghe%C8%9Bar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ghețar">ghețari</a> la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latitudine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latitudine">latitudini</a> mici sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altitudine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altitudine">altitudini</a> mari, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acvifer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Acvifer">acvifere</a> sub pământ, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A2u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Râu">râuri</a> sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lac">lacuri</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Circuitul_apei_%C3%AEn_natur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Circuitul apei în natură">Circuitul apei în natură</a> este fenomenul prin care apa este transferată dintr-o formă într-alta prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evaporare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evaporare">evaporare</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Precipita%C8%9Bii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitații">precipitații</a> și scurgeri de suprafață.</p> <p>Datorită importanței pe care o are (în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agricultur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agricultură">agricultură</a>, dar și pentru omenire în general), apei i s-au dat diverse nume în funcție de formele pe care le ia. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ploaie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ploaie">Ploaia</a> e cunoscută în majoritatea țărilor, pe când alte forme sunt mai puțin întâlnite, și pot fi surprinzătoare când sunt văzute prima dată. Exemple sunt: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grindin%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grindină">grindina</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C4%83pad%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zăpadă">zăpada</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cea%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ceață">ceața</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rou%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rouă">roua</a> sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chiciur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chiciură">chiciura</a>. Un fenomen conex este <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Curcubeu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Curcubeu">curcubeul</a>, întâlnit atunci când lumina se <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Refrac%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Refracție">refractă</a> prin particulele de apă din atmosferă.</p> <p>Apa de la suprafața globului joacă roluri importante în evoluția umană; râurile și irigațiile asigură aportul de apă pentru agricultură, sunt suport pentru transportul maritim sau fluvial, fie comercial sau de agrement. O apă cu insuficienți nutrienți se numește <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oligotrofic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oligotrofic">oligotrofă</a>. Scurgerea apei pe suprafața terestră este mecanismul prin care <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eroziune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Eroziune">eroziunea</a> sculptează mediul natural, duce la crearea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vale">văilor</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Delt%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deltă">deltelor</a> cu suprafețe fertile favorabile dezvoltării de centre umane. De asemenea, apa se infiltrează în sol, ajungând în pânza de apă freatică. Această <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_freatic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Apă freatică">apă freatică</a> ajunge din nou la suprafață sub forma <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izvor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izvor">izvoarelor</a>, sau a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izvor_termal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izvor termal">izvoarelor termale</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gheizer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gheizer">gheizerilor</a>. Apa freatică este de asemenea extrasă artificial prin puțuri și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%A2nt%C3%A2n%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fântână">fântâni</a>.</p> <p>Deoarece apa poate conține numeroase substanțe diferite, poate avea gusturi sau mirosuri foarte diferite. De fapt, oamenii și alte animale și-au format simțurile pentru a putea evalua calitatea apei: de obicei, animalele evită apa cu gust <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Sare">sărat</a> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_de_mare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă de mare">apă de mare</a>) sau putred <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mla%C8%99tin%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mlaștină">de mlaștină</a> preferând apa unui izvor montan sau apa freatică.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Apa_în_biologie_și_civilizația_umană"><span id="Apa_.C3.AEn_biologie_.C8.99i_civiliza.C8.9Bia_uman.C4.83"></span>Apa în biologie și civilizația umană</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Apa în biologie și civilizația umană" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Din punct de vedere <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biologie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biologie">biologic</a>, apa are numeroase proprietăți indispensabile proliferării <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Via%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viață">vieții</a>, care o deosebesc de celelalte substanțe. Apa își îndeplinește acest rol, permițând <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Compus_organic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Compus organic">compușilor organici</a> să reacționeze în moduri care să permită în cele din urmă replicarea. Este un bun <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solvent?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solvent">solvent</a> și are o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tensiune_superficial%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tensiune superficială">tensiune superficială</a> ridicată, permițând astfel mișcarea compușilor organici și a organismelor vii. Apa proaspătă are <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Densitate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Densitate">densitatea</a> maximă la 4 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Celsius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Celsius">°C</a>, această densitate scăzând pe măsură ce apa se răcește, se încălzește sau îngheață. Fiind o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Molecul%C4%83_polar%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Moleculă polară">moleculă polară</a> stabilă dominantă în atmosferă, joacă un rol important în absorbția <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Radia%C8%9Bie_infraro%C8%99ie&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Radiație infraroșie — pagină inexistentă">radiației infraroșii</a>, crucială în cadrul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Efectul_de_ser%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Efectul de seră">efectului de seră</a>, fără de care temperatura medie la suprafața Terrei ar fi de -18° Celsius. Apa are de asemenea o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capacitate_termic%C4%83_masic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capacitate termică masică">capacitate termică masică</a> neobișnuit de mare (4181,3 J/(kg·°C) la presiunea de 1 bar și temperatura de 25 °C<sup id="cite_ref-NIST_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NIST-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), care joacă mai multe roluri în reglarea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Climat">climatului</a> global și regional, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Curentul_Golfului?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Curentul Golfului">Curentul Golfului</a>, permițând existența vieții. Deoarece absoarbe foarte mult infraroșiile, are o foarte ușoară nuanță albastră, datorită eliminării unei mici cantități de lumină roșie care o traversează. Culoarea albastră poate fi observată numai când apa este în cantitate mare, de exemplu în lacuri, mări sau oceane. În plus, apa are o căldură latentă de vaporizare mare, de 2262 kJ/kg la presiunea de 1 bar și temperatura de 98 °C (dar de 2442 kJ/kg la presiunea de 0,0317 bar, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presiunea_de_satura%C8%9Bie_a_vaporilor_de_ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Presiunea de saturație a vaporilor de apă">presiunea de saturație</a> la temperatura de 25 °C),<sup id="cite_ref-NIST_12-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NIST-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> care are o influență mare asupra climatului și a transferului de căldură între ocean și atmosferă.</p> <p>Apa este un foarte bun <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solvent?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solvent">solvent</a>, similar din punct de vedere chimic cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amoniac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amoniac">amoniacul</a>, și dizolvă multe tipuri de substanțe, precum diferite <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Sare">săruri</a> și zahărul, și facilitează reacțiile chimice ale acestora, lucru care permite un metabolism complex.</p> <p>Unele substanțe însă nu se amestecă cu apa, cum e de exemplu petrolul, și alte <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Substan%C8%9Be_hidrofobe&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Substanțe hidrofobe — pagină inexistentă">substanțe hidrofobe</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Membrana_celular%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Membrana celulară — pagină inexistentă">Membranele celulare</a>, compuse din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lipide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipide">lipide</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proteine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Proteine">proteine</a>, profită de această proprietate, controlând interacțiunea dintre ele și mediul extern. Acest lucru este ușurat de tensiunea superficială a apei.</p> <p>Picăturile de apă sunt stabile datorită tensiunii superficiale mari datorată puternicelor forțe intermoleculare numite forțe de coeziune. Acest lucru este evident atunci când mici cantități de apă ajung pe o suprafață insolubilă, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Polieten%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Polietenă — pagină inexistentă">polietena</a>: apa rămâne sub formă de picături. Totuși, pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sticl%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sticlă">sticlă</a> extrem de curată apa formează o peliculă subțire deoarece forțele dintre moleculele de apă și de sticlă (forțele de adeziune) sunt mai mari decât forțele de coeziune. Acest lucru este foarte important în cadrul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transpira%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transpirație">transpirației</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plant%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plantă">plantelor</a>.</p> <p>În celulele și organismele biologice, apa se află în contact cu suprafețele membranoase proteice care sunt hidrofile, adică prezintă o puternică atracție pentru apă. Langmuir a observat o puternică forță de respingere între suprafețele hidrofile. Pentru a deshidrata suprafețele hidrofile este necesar un efort deosebit pentru învingerea acestor forțe, numite forțe de hidratare. Aceste forțe sunt foarte puternice, dar valoarea lor scade rapid pe distanțe mai mici de un nanometru. Importanța lor în biologie a fost studiată de Adrian Parsegian. Prezintă importanță în special atunci când celulele sunt deshidratate prin expunerea la atmosferă uscată sau la îngheț extracelular.</p> <p>O proprietate simplă, dar unică și extrem de importantă pentru mediu, este că în forma sa solidă, de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ghea%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gheață">gheață</a>, plutește pe lichid. Forma solidă a apei are o densitate mai mică decât a apei lichide, datorită geometriei punților de hidrogen care se formează doar la temperaturi mai joase. Pentru aproape toate substanțele și pentru toate celelalte 11 stări neobișnuite ale apei, cu excepția gheții-XI, starea solidă este mai densă decât cea lichidă. Apa proaspătă este cea mai densă la 4 °C, și se va scufunda prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Convec%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Convecție">convecție</a> pe măsură ce se răcește la acea temperatură, iar dacă se răcește în continuare se va ridica. Datorită aceste proprietăți, apa de adâncime va fi mai caldă decât apa înghețată, de suprafață, astfel încât gheața se va forma începând de la suprafață și se va extinde în jos, iar cea mai mare parte a apei de dedesubt va rămâne constantă la 4 °C. Astfel, fundul unui lac, mare sau ocean este practic izolat de frig, permițând supraviețuirea speciilor de animale. Aproape toate celelalte substanțe chimice sunt mai dense în stare solidă și îngheață de la fund spre suprafață.</p> <p>Viața pe Pământ a evoluat și s-a adaptat acestor proprietăți ale apei. Existența formelor solidă, lichidă și gazoasă ale apei pe Pământ a reprezentat un factor important pentru colonizarea diferitelor medii ale planetei de către forme de viață adaptate variatelor, și adesea extremelor, condiții de viață.</p> <p>În istorie, civilizațiile s-au dezvoltat cu precădere pe malurile râurilor sau mărilor: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mesopotamia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, așa-numitul leagăn al civilizației este situată între două râuri, Egiptul antic a înflorit pe malurile Nilului, iar marile metropole, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londra">Londra</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_(ora%C8%99)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York (oraș)">New York</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokio">Tokio</a> își datorează succesul în parte accesibilității oferite de situarea lângă o apă, și înflorirea comercială rezultată. Insulele cu porturi sigure, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Singapore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hong_Kong?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, s-au dezvoltat tocmai din acest motiv. În locuri precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Africa_de_Nord?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa de Nord">Africa de Nord</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orientul_Mijlociu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orientul Mijlociu">Orientul Mijlociu</a>, unde apa nu se găsește în abundență, accesul la apă potabilă a fost și este o mare problemă în dezvoltarea comunităților umane.</p> <p>O greșeală des întâlnită este aceea că apa este un bun conductor de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Electricitate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Electricitate">electricitate</a>. Toate proprietățile electrice ale apei se datorează ionilor sărurilor minerale dizolvate în ea și dioxidului de carbon dizolvat în ea. Apa prezintă auto-ionizare (două molecule de apă se transformă într-un anion de hidroxid și un <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cation">cation</a> de hidroniu) însă doar la un nivel aproape imperceptibil.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Pozițiile_astronomice_ale_Pământului_și_influența_lor_asupra_maselor_mari_de_apă"><span id="Pozi.C8.9Biile_astronomice_ale_P.C4.83m.C3.A2ntului_.C8.99i_influen.C8.9Ba_lor_asupra_maselor_mari_de_ap.C4.83"></span>Pozițiile astronomice ale Pământului și influența lor asupra maselor mari de apă</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Pozițiile astronomice ale Pământului și influența lor asupra maselor mari de apă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Water_droplet.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Water_droplet.jpg/250px-Water_droplet.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="492"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Water_droplet.jpg/250px-Water_droplet.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Water_droplet.jpg/375px-Water_droplet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Water_droplet.jpg/500px-Water_droplet.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Căderea unei picături de apă. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Coexistența stărilor solidă, lichidă și gazoasă a apei pe Pământ este vitală pentru <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Originea_vie%C8%9Bii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Originea vieții">originea</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evolu%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evoluție">evoluția</a> și continuarea existenței vieții pe Terra. Totuși, dacă s-ar schimba poziția planetei față de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soare">Soare</a>, chiar cu o distanță relativ mică (1 000 000 km), condițiile care permit existența simultană a celor trei stări nu ar mai avea loc cu atâta ușurință.</p> <p>Masa Pământului permite <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atrac%C8%9Bia_gravita%C8%9Bional%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atracția gravitațională">atracției gravitaționale</a> să păstreze o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atmosfer%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Atmosferă">atmosferă</a> în jurul planetei. Vaporii de apă și dioxidul de carbon din atmosferă creează un efect de seră care asigură o temperatură de suprafață relativ constantă. Dacă Pământul ar avea dimensiuni mai mici, o atmosferă mai subțire ar duce la temperaturi extreme care să nu permită acumularea apei decât în calotele glaciare din jurul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Pol">polilor</a> (așa cum se întâmplă pe planeta Marte).</p> <p>Distanța dintre Pământ și Soare și combinația dintre radiația solară primită și efectul de seră al atmosferei asigură ca suprafața sa să nu fie nici prea rece și nici prea fierbinte pentru apa lichidă. Dacă Pământul ar fi mai depărtat, apa ar îngheța, iar dacă ar fi mai apropiat de Soare, temperatura de suprafață mai ridicată ar împiedica formarea calotelor glaciare, sau ar cauza existența apei doar sub formă de vapori. În primul caz, Pământul ar absorbi mai multă energie solară din cauza albedoului redus al oceanelor, iar în al doilea ar rezulta un efect de seră scăpat de sub control și condiții neospitaliere similare celor de pe planeta Venus.</p> <p>S-a propus că însăși viața păstrează condițiile care i-au permis existența. Temperatura de suprafață a Pământului a fost relativ constantă de-a lungul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Er%C4%83_geologic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eră geologică">erelor geologice</a> în ciuda variațiilor radiației solare, lucru care ar indica existența unui proces dinamic ce guvernează temperatura Terrei printr-o combinație de efect de seră și albedou atmosferic și de suprafață. Această propunere poartă numele de <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ipoteza_Gaia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ipoteza Gaia">Ipoteza Gaia</a></i>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Utilizarea_apei_de_către_oameni"><span id="Utilizarea_apei_de_c.C4.83tre_oameni"></span>Utilizarea apei de către oameni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Utilizarea apei de către oameni" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Irrigation1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Irrigation1.jpg/250px-Irrigation1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 168px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Irrigation1.jpg/250px-Irrigation1.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="168" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Irrigation1.jpg/375px-Irrigation1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Irrigation1.jpg/500px-Irrigation1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Sistem de irigații în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Jersey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:TapWater-china.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/TapWater-china.JPG/150px-TapWater-china.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 113px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/TapWater-china.JPG/150px-TapWater-china.JPG" data-width="150" data-height="113" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/TapWater-china.JPG/225px-TapWater-china.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/TapWater-china.JPG/300px-TapWater-china.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pomp%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pompă">Pompă</a> de apă manuală în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Toate formele de viață cunoscute depind de apă. Apa este o parte vitală în multe din procesele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metabolism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metabolism">metabolismului</a> din interiorul organismului. Cantități semnificative de apă sunt utilizate de organism în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Digestia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Digestia — pagină inexistentă">digestia</a> hranei. (Notă: unele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bacterie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bacterie">bacterii</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semin%C8%9Be?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Semințe">semințe</a> de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plant%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plantă">plante</a> pot intra într-o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Stare_criptobiotic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Stare criptobiotică — pagină inexistentă">stare criptobiotică</a> pentru o perioadă nedeterminată, atunci când sunt deshidratate, ca apoi să revină la viață când reajung într-un mediu umed.)</p> <p>Aproape 72 % din masa corpului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Uman">uman</a> fără grăsimi este apă. Pentru o bună funcționare, corpul necesită între doi și șapte <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Litru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Litru">litri</a> de apă pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zi">zi</a> pentru a evita <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deshidratarea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Deshidratarea">deshidratarea</a>, cantitatea exactă depinzând de nivelul de activitate, temperatură, umiditate și alți factori. Nu este cunoscută cu exactitate cantitatea de apă necesară a fi consumată de o persoană sănătoasă. Oricum, pentru cei care au probleme de rinichi este dificil să bea prea multă apă, dar periculos să bea prea puțină, mai ales într-un ambient cald și umed sau în timpul exercițiilor fizice. Se întâmplă totuși ca oamenii să consume mult mai multă apă în timpul exercițiilor fizice decât este necesar, expunându-se astfel riscului de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Intoxica%C8%9Bie_cu_ap%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Intoxicație cu apă — pagină inexistentă">intoxicație cu apă</a>, care de cele mai multe ori este fatală. „Obligativitatea” consumării a opt pahare de apă pe zi de o persoană, nu este argumentată științific. Dieteticienii și nutriționiștii spun că aceasta este cantitatea de apă recomandată a fi consumată pe zi - în engleză RDI (Recommended Daily Intake). <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/5/R993">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420204226/http://ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/5/R993">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-04-20">20 aprilie 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Ultimele rapoarte referitoare la regimul alimentar ale Consiliului Național de Cercetare <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Research_Council&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="National Research Council — pagină inexistentă">National Research Council</a> recomandă un consum pentru <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Femeie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Femeie">femei</a> de 2,7 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Litru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Litru">litri</a> de apă în total (incluzând și sursele de apă din alimente) și, respectiv, 3,7 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Litru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Litru">litri</a> pentru bărbați <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iom.edu/report.asp?id%3D18495">[2]</a>. Apa se pierde din organism prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urin%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urină">urină</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fecale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fecale">fecale</a>, prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transpira%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transpirație">transpirație</a> și prin respirație (expirație de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vapor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vapor">vapori</a>).</p> <p>Corpul uman are nevoie de apă care nu conține prea multă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sare_de_buc%C4%83t%C4%83rie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sare de bucătărie">sare</a> sau alte impurități. Printre impuritățile frecvent întâlnite se numără chimicalele și/sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bacteria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">bacterii</a> periculoase, cum ar fi crypto sporidium. Unele substanțe sunt însă acceptabile și chiar necesare ca și prezență în apă pentru intensificarea gustului și pentru asigurarea necesarului de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Electrolit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Electrolit">electroliți</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Apa_ca_o_sursă_prețioasă"><span id="Apa_ca_o_surs.C4.83_pre.C8.9Bioas.C4.83"></span>Apa ca o sursă prețioasă</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Apa ca o sursă prețioasă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg/220px-Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="460"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 145px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg/220px-Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="145" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg/330px-Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg/440px-Evstafiev-bosnia-sarajevo-water-line.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Oameni stând la coadă pentru apă în timpul asediului de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sarajevo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Datorită creșterii <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Popula%C8%9Bia_P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntului?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Populația Pământului">populației mondiale</a> și a altor factori, tot mai puțini oameni beneficiază de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_potabil%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă potabilă">apă potabilă</a>. Problema apei poate fi rezolvată prin creșterea producției, o distribuție mai bună, și economisirea resurselor deja existente. Din acest motiv, apa este o resursă strategică pentru multe țări. Au existat de-a lungul timpului mai multe conflicte pentru accesul la apă și controlul acesteia.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Experții prevăd mai multe conflicte viitoare din cauza creșterii populației mondiale și creșterii contaminării prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poluare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poluare">poluare</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Enc%C4%83lzire_global%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Încălzire globală">încălzire globală</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wasser_Neves.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Wasser_Neves.jpg/180px-Wasser_Neves.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Wasser_Neves.jpg/180px-Wasser_Neves.jpg" data-width="180" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Wasser_Neves.jpg/270px-Wasser_Neves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Wasser_Neves.jpg/360px-Wasser_Neves.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Un pârâu de munte </figcaption> </figure> <p>Raportul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UNESCO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> despre dezvoltarea apei (WWDR, 2003) din cadrul Programului de Evaluare a Apei pe Plan Mondial arată că, în următorii 20 de ani, cantitatea de apă potabilă disponibilă va scădea cu 30 %. 40 % dintre locuitorii lumii nu au apă curată suficientă pentru o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Igien%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Igienă">igienă</a> minimală. Peste 2,2 milioane de oameni au murit în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000">2000</a> de boli legate de consumul de apă contaminată sau din cauza secetei. În 2004, o organizație engleză, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=WaterAid&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="WaterAid — pagină inexistentă">WaterAid</a>, a raportat că un copil moare la fiecare 15 secunde din cauza bolilor legate de apă ce ar putea fi ușor prevenite.</p> <p>Se prevede că apa ar putea deveni prețioasă precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petrol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petrol">petrolul</a>, lucru care ar face din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canada">Canada</a>, ce are această resursă din abundență, cea mai bogată țară din lume.</p> <p>În 2005, în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">SUA,</a> prețurile mari ale benzinei au provocat îngrijorare și au existat temeri pentru o criză globală, însă consumatorii nu ezitau să plătească prețuri duble pentru aceeași cantitate, dar de apă îmbuteliată.</p> <p>Apa potabilă este mai valoroasă decât oricând în istoria noastră, fiind folosită extensiv în agricultură și industrie, și primește din ce în ce mai multă atenție pentru a fi folosită judicios pentru generațiile viitoare.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Regularizarea_distribuției_apei"><span id="Regularizarea_distribu.C8.9Biei_apei"></span>Regularizarea distribuției apei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Regularizarea distribuției apei" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_potabil%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă potabilă">Apa potabilă</a> este de obicei colectată la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izvor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izvor">izvoare</a> sau este extrasă din puțuri artificiale. Construirea mai multor asemenea puțuri ar fi o metodă pentru a produce mai multă apă, presupunând că pânza de apă freatică poate să asigure un debit adecvat. Alte surse de apă sunt ploile și apa din râuri și lacuri. Apa de suprafață trebuie însă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Purificarea_apei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Purificarea apei — pagină inexistentă">purificată</a> înaintea consumului de către om. Purificarea implică îndepărtarea substanțelor nedizolvate sau dizolvate, precum și a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bacterie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bacterie">bacteriilor</a> periculoase. Cele mai folosite metode sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filtrare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Filtrare">filtrarea</a> cu nisip, pentru îndepărtarea materiilor nedizolvate, și tratarea cu clor și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fierbere?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fierbere">fierberea</a> pentru uciderea bacteriilor periculoase. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Distilare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Distilare">Distilarea</a> îndeplinește toate cele trei sarcini. Există și tehnici mai avansate, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Osmoza_invers%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Osmoza inversă — pagină inexistentă">osmoza inversă</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Desalinizare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Desalinizare">Desalinizarea</a> apei sărate din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mare">mări</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ocean?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ocean">oceane</a> este o soluție mai scumpă utilizată în climatele aride de coastă.</p> <p>Distribuția apei potabile are loc fie printr-un sistem de distribuție, fie îmbuteliată. În multe țări există programe de distribuire gratuită a apei în caz de necesitate.</p> <p>Reducerea risipirii apei, adică utilizarea apei potabile doar pentru consumul uman, ar fi o altă soluție. În unele orașe, precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hong_Kong?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, apa de mare este folosită pe scară largă, de exemplu la toalete, în scopul conservării resurselor de apă potabilă. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poluarea_apei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poluarea apei">Poluarea apei</a> ar putea fi cel mai mare consumator inutil de apă, risipind această resursă, indiferent de beneficiile aduse poluatorului. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medicament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medicament">Medicamentele</a> consumate de oameni ajung deseori în canalizare și au efecte negative asupra vieții acvatice dacă se acumulează și nu sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biodegradabil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Biodegradabil">biodegradabile</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Impactul_apei_asupra_religiei_și_filozofiei"><span id="Impactul_apei_asupra_religiei_.C8.99i_filozofiei"></span>Impactul apei asupra religiei și filozofiei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Impactul apei asupra religiei și filozofiei" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Glass-of-water.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glass-of-water.jpg/180px-Glass-of-water.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="263" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1573" data-file-height="2302"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 263px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glass-of-water.jpg/180px-Glass-of-water.jpg" data-width="180" data-height="263" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glass-of-water.jpg/270px-Glass-of-water.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glass-of-water.jpg/360px-Glass-of-water.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Pahar cu apă </figcaption> </figure> <p>Apa este considerată purificatoare în majoritatea religiilor, incluzând <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hinduism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hinduism">hinduismul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Creștinism">creștinismul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islam">islamul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iudaism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iudaism">iudaismul</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%98intoism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Șintoism">șintoismul</a>. Spre exemplu, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Botez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Botez">botezul</a> în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biseric%C4%83_cre%C8%99tin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Biserică creștină — pagină inexistentă">bisericile creștine</a> este făcut cu <b>apă</b>. În plus, o baie ritualică (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mikve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mikve">Mikve</a> în iudaism) în apă pură este făcută celor decedați în multe religii, incluzând iudaismul și islamismul. În islamism, cele cinci <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rug%C4%83ciune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rugăciune">rugăciuni</a> zilnice, pot fi efectuate doar după spălarea corpului cu apă curată (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wudu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wudu — pagină inexistentă">Wudu</a>). Apa este geneza tuturor.</p> <p>În șintoism, apa este utilizată aproape în toate ritualurile pentru curățirea unei persoane sau a unui loc. Apa este menționată în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biblia">biblie</a> de 442 de ori, respectiv de 363 de ori, în versiunile sale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba engleză">engleze</a> internaționale sau, ca <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acronim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Acronim">acronim</a>, <b>NIV</b>) și în cea cunoscută sub numele de <b>Versiunea regelui James</b>. În secțiunea <b>2 Peter 3:5(b)</b> se afirmă textual: ... „și pământul a fost format din apă și de către apă.” (NIV)</p> <p>Se crede adesea despre apă că ar avea puteri spirituale. În mitologia celtică, de pildă, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sulis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sulis — pagină inexistentă">Sulis</a> este zeița locală a apelor termale; în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hinduism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hinduism">hinduism</a>, apa este personificată ca o zeiță sub numele de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ganga&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ganga — pagină inexistentă">Ganga</a>. De asemenea, diferiți zei pot patrona diferite izvoare, râuri sau lacuri. În mitologiile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitologie_roman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitologie romană">romană</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitologie_greac%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitologie greacă">greacă</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peneus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peneus">Peneus</a> a fost un zeu-fluviu, unul dintre cele 3.000 de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oceanide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oceanide">oceanide</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filozofie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Filozofie">Filozoful</a> antic <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grecia_antic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Grecia antică">grec</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empedocles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a> a elaborat o întreagă doctrină filozofică (un fel de teorie pre-atomistă a lumii) bazată pe cele patru concepte fundamentale ale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Univers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Univers">Universului</a> care erau reprezentate în lumea reală, conform teoriei sale, de patru elemente fundamentale, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Apă (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">apă</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aer_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aer (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">aer</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Foc_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Foc (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">foc</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pământ (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">pământ</a>.</p> <p>În filozofia clasică chineză, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Apă (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">apa</a>, ca element al filozofiei clasice, era unul din cele <b>cinci</b> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Element?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Element">elemente</a> constituente ale naturii, alături de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pământ (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">pământ</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Foc_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Foc (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">foc</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lemn_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lemn (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">lemn</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metal_(element_filozofic_clasic)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Metal (element filozofic clasic) — pagină inexistentă">metal</a>.</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Imaginea a trei oameni reflectată în apa unui bazin cu pești"> <noscript> <img alt="Imaginea a trei oameni reflectată în apa unui bazin cu pești" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG/120px-Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG/120px-Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG" data-alt="Imaginea a trei oameni reflectată în apa unui bazin cu pești" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG/180px-Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG/240px-Photo_of_two_people_reflected_in_a_fish_pond.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Imaginea a trei oameni <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reflexie_(fizic%C4%83)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflexie (fizică)">reflectată</a> în apa unui bazin cu pești </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="O fată într-un bazin de înot"> <noscript> <img alt="O fată într-un bazin de înot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg/120px-A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1520"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 89px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg/120px-A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg" data-alt="O fată într-un bazin de înot" data-width="120" data-height="89" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg/180px-A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg/240px-A_girl_in_a_swimming_pool_-_underwater.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> O fată într-un <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bazin_de_%C3%AEnot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bazin de înot">bazin de înot</a> </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Apa_în_Univers"><span id="Apa_.C3.AEn_Univers"></span>Apa în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Univers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Univers">Univers</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Apa în Univers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <p>În afara <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pământ">Pământului</a> existența apei a fost dovedită pe multe corpuri cerești, ca de exemplu:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enceladus_(satelit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enceladus (satelit)">Enceladus</a>, satelit al lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saturn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_(satelit)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa (satelit)">Europa</a>, satelit al lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jupiter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marte_(planet%C4%83)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marte (planetă)">Marte</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luna">Luna</a></li> </ul> <p>Apa este una dintre condițiile presupusei <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Via%C8%9B%C4%83_extraterestr%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viață extraterestră">vieți extraterestre</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.marinelink.com/news/shipping-backbone-economy416190">„Shipping - Backbone of Global Economy, says UN”</a> (în engleză). MarineLink. <time datetime="2016-09-30">30 septembrie 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shipping+-+Backbone+of+Global+Economy%2C+says+UN&rft.pub=MarineLink&rft.date=2016-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinelink.com%2Fnews%2Fshipping-backbone-economy416190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/">„The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020”</a> (în engleză). www.fao.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2020&rft.pub=www.fao.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fstate-of-fisheries-aquaculture%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sdg7-conference-hydropower-e2-80-98part-of-the-solution-e2-80-99-to-sustainable-development/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">„SDG7 conference: Hydropower 'part of the solution' to sustainable development”</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_url" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> (în engleză). sdg7-conference-hydropower-e2-80-98part-of-the-solution-e2-80-99-to-sustainable-development<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SDG7+conference%3A+Hydropower+%E2%80%98part+of+the+solution%E2%80%99+to+sustainable+development&rft.pub=sdg7-conference-hydropower-e2-80-98part-of-the-solution-e2-80-99-to-sustainable-development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsdg7-conference-hydropower-e2-80-98part-of-the-solution-e2-80-99-to-sustainable-development%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2016-hydropower-status-report-available-for-download/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">„2016 Hydropower Status Report available for download”</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_url" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> (în engleză). 2016-hydropower-status-report-available-for-download<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+Hydropower+Status+Report+available+for+download&rft.pub=2016-hydropower-status-report-available-for-download&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2016-hydropower-status-report-available-for-download%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup>[<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKatheriaKunzruDeo2020" class="citation">Katheria, Sanjay; Kunzru, Deepak; Deo, Goutam (<time datetime="2020-06-01">1 iunie 2020</time>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-020-01767-y">„Kinetics of steam reforming of methane on Rh–Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst”</a>, <i>Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis</i> (în engleză), <b>130</b> (1), pp. 91–101, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_object_identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007%252Fs11144-020-01767-y">10.1007/s11144-020-01767-y</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1878-5204">1878-5204</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reaction+Kinetics%2C+Mechanisms+and+Catalysis&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+steam+reforming+of+methane+on+Rh%E2%80%93Ni%2FMgAl2O4+catalyst&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=91-101&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11144-020-01767-y&rft.issn=1878-5204&rft.aulast=Katheria&rft.aufirst=Sanjay&rft.au=Kunzru%2C+Deepak&rft.au=Deo%2C+Goutam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs11144-020-01767-y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFShtykaDimitrovaCiesielskiKedziora2021" class="citation">Shtyka, O.; Dimitrova, Z.; Ciesielski, R.; Kedziora, A.; Mitukiewicz, G.; Leyko, J.; Maniukewicz, W.; Czylkowska, A.; Maniecki, T. (<time datetime="2021-03-04">4 martie 2021</time>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-021-01945-6">„Steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production: influence of catalyst composition (Ni/Al2O3, Ni/Al2O3–CeO2, Ni/Al2O3–ZnO) and process conditions”</a>, <i>Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis</i> (în engleză), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_object_identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007%252Fs11144-021-01945-6">10.1007/s11144-021-01945-6</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1878-5204">1878-5204</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2021-03-20">20 martie 2021</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reaction+Kinetics%2C+Mechanisms+and+Catalysis&rft.atitle=Steam+reforming+of+ethanol+for+hydrogen+production%3A+influence+of+catalyst+composition+%28Ni%2FAl2O3%2C+Ni%2FAl2O3%E2%80%93CeO2%2C+Ni%2FAl2O3%E2%80%93ZnO%29+and+process+conditions&rft.date=2021-03-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11144-021-01945-6&rft.issn=1878-5204&rft.aulast=Shtyka&rft.aufirst=O.&rft.au=Dimitrova%2C+Z.&rft.au=Ciesielski%2C+R.&rft.au=Kedziora%2C+A.&rft.au=Mitukiewicz%2C+G.&rft.au=Leyko%2C+J.&rft.au=Maniukewicz%2C+W.&rft.au=Czylkowska%2C+A.&rft.au=Maniecki%2C+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs11144-021-01945-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_1896844_6/component/file_1896843/content">„The reaction network in propane oxidation over phase-pure MoVTeNb M1 oxide catalysts”</a>. <i>J. Catal</i>. <b>311</b>: 369–385. <time datetime="2014">2014</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Catal.&rft.atitle=The+reaction+network+in+propane+oxidation+over+phase-pure+MoVTeNb+M1+oxide+catalysts&rft.volume=311&rft.pages=369-385&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.mpg.de%2Frest%2Fitems%2Fitem_1896844_6%2Fcomponent%2Ffile_1896843%2Fcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_1199619_5/component/file_1199618/content"><i>Kinetic studies of propane oxidation on Mo and V based mixed oxide catalysts</i></a>. <time datetime="2011">2011</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kinetic+studies+of+propane+oxidation+on+Mo+and+V+based+mixed+oxide+catalysts&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.mpg.de%2Frest%2Fitems%2Fitem_1199619_5%2Fcomponent%2Ffile_1199618%2Fcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_1108560_8/component/file_1402724/content">„Surface chemistry of phase-pure M1 MoVTeNb oxide during operation in selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid”</a>. <b>285</b>. 2102: 48–60.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Surface+chemistry+of+phase-pure+M1+MoVTeNb+oxide+during+operation+in+selective+oxidation+of+propane+to+acrylic+acid&rft.chron=2102&rft.volume=285&rft.pages=48-60&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.mpg.de%2Frest%2Fitems%2Fitem_1108560_8%2Fcomponent%2Ffile_1402724%2Fcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41570-019-0110-6">„Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and water”</a>. <i>Nature reviews Chemistry</i>. <time datetime="2019">2019</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+reviews+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Electrochemical+synthesis+of+hydrogen+peroxide+from+oxygen+and+water&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41570-019-0110-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Sreevani Jarugula et al, „Molecular line observations in two dusty star-forming galaxies at z=6,9“, The Astrophysical Journal, 2021 (abstract)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-NIST-12">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NIST_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NIST_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/">Tabele cu proprietățile termodinamice ale apei și aburului</a>, Institutul Național pentru Standarde și Tehnologii (National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldwater.org/conflict.html">O cronologie a conflictelor legate de apă</a></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografie_suplimentară"><span id="Bibliografie_suplimentar.C4.83"></span>Bibliografie suplimentară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie suplimentară" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li>OA Jones, JN Lester and N Voulvoulis, Pharmaceuticals: a threat to drinking water? <i>TRENDS in Biotechnology</i> 23(4): 163, 2005</li> <li>Franks, F (Ed), Water, A comprehensive treatise, Plenum Press, New York, 1972-1982</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/mas/worksheets/VTP_wsp.mcd">Property of Water and Water Steam w Thermodynamic Surface</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://intl-ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/5/R993">Eight Glasses of Water a Day Myth</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124115336/http://intl-ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/5/R993">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2007-11-24">24 noiembrie 2007</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>PH Gleick and associates, The World's Water: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Island Press, Washington, D.C. (published every two years, beginning in 1998.)</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Apa_ca_resursă_naturală"><span id="Apa_ca_resurs.C4.83_natural.C4.83"></span>Apa ca resursă naturală</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Apa ca resursă naturală" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/250px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 250px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/250px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="250" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/375px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/500px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption><b>71 % - Н<sub>2</sub>O</b> </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><cite class="citation book">Gleick, Peter H. Washington: Island Press, ed. <i>The World's Water: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Water%3A+The+Biennial+Report+on+Freshwater+Resources&rft.aulast=Gleick&rft.aufirst=Peter+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Postel, Sandra. New York: Norton Press, ed. <i>Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Last+Oasis%3A+Facing+Water+Scarcity&rft.aulast=Postel&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Anderson. <i>Water Rights: Scarce Resource Allocation, Bureaucracy, and the Environment</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Water+Rights%3A+Scarce+Resource+Allocation%2C+Bureaucracy%2C+and+the+Environment&rft.au=Anderson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">de Villiers, Marq. <i>Water: The Fate of Our Most Precious Resource</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Water%3A+The+Fate+of+Our+Most+Precious+Resource&rft.aulast=de+Villiers&rft.aufirst=Marq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Raines Ward, Diane. <i>Water Wars: Drought, Flood, Folly and the Politics of Thirst</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Water+Wars%3A+Drought%2C+Flood%2C+Folly+and+the+Politics+of+Thirst&rft.aulast=Raines+Ward&rft.aufirst=Diane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Lowi, Miriam R. <i>Water and Power: The Politics of a Scarce Resource in the Jordan River Basin</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Water+and+Power%3A+The+Politics+of+a+Scarce+Resource+in+the+Jordan+River+Basin&rft.aulast=Lowi&rft.aufirst=Miriam+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Worster, Donald. <i>Rivers of Empire: Water, Aridity, and the Growth of the American West</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rivers+of+Empire%3A+Water%2C+Aridity%2C+and+the+Growth+of+the+American+West&rft.aulast=Worster&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Reisner, Marc. <i>Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cadillac+Desert%3A+The+American+West+and+Its+Disappearing+Water&rft.aulast=Reisner&rft.aufirst=Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Clarke, Maude (<time datetime="2003">2003</time>). <i>Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop the Corporate Theft of the World's Water</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blue+Gold%3A+The+Fight+to+Stop+the+Corporate+Theft+of+the+World%27s+Water&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Maude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|first2=</code> lipsă <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|last2=</code> în Authors list (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#first_missing_last" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Vandana, Shiva (<time datetime="2002">2002</time>). <i>Water Wars: Privatization, Pollution, and Profit</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Water+Wars%3A+Privatization%2C+Pollution%2C+and+Profit&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Vandana&rft.aufirst=Shiva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Roddick, Anita (<time datetime="2004">2004</time>). <i>Troubled Water: Saints, Sinners, Truth And Lies About The Global Water Crisis</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Troubled+Water%3A+Saints%2C+Sinners%2C+Truth+And+Lies+About+The+Global+Water+Crisis&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Roddick&rft.aufirst=Anita&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAp%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_potabil%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă potabilă">Apă potabilă</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_mineral%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă minerală">Apă minerală</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_plat%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă plată">Apă plată</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_termal%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Apă termală">Apă termală</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_freatic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Apă freatică">Apă freatică</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_dur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă dură">Apă dură</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_grea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă grea">Apă grea</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83_supergrea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă supergrea">Apă supergrea</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Recircularea_apei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Recircularea apei">Recircularea apei</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Circuitul_apei_%C3%AEn_natur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Circuitul apei în natură">Circuitul apei în natură</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asigurarea_cu_ap%C4%83_a_ora%C8%99ului_Hamburg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asigurarea cu apă a orașului Hamburg">Asigurarea cu apă a orașului Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peroxid_de_hidrogen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peroxid de hidrogen">Apă oxigenată</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <ul> <li><span class="plainlinks">„<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://dexonline.ro/definitie/ap%25C4%2583">apă</a>” la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DEX_online?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="DEX online">DEX online</a></span></li> </ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9); color:var(--color-base, #000); width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"> <noscript> <img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Commons" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Commons </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div style="margin-left: 35px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/water" class="extiw" title="commons:water">Apă</a></b> </div> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wiktionary-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikţionar"> <noscript> <img alt="Wikţionar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/30px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/30px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Wikţionar" data-width="30" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/45px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Wikţionar </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div style="margin-left: 35px; line-height:normal;"> Caută „<b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Ap%25C4%2583" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Apă">Apă</a></b>” în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wik%C8%9Bionar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikționar">Wikționar</a>, dicționarul liber. </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/">Programul Mondial de Monitorizare a apei</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.unesco.org/water/">Portalul UNESCO al apei</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.unesco-ihe.org/">UNESCO-IHE Institutul pentru Educație în probleme legate de apă</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070804223956/http://www.unesco-ihe.org/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2007-08-04">4 august 2007</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001295/129556e.pdf">Raportul ONU de Dezvoltare a Apei pe Plan Mondial</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gemswater.org/">United Nations GEMS/Programul Apei</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldwater.org">Informații istorice și date legate de apă</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.greenagenda.org/eco-aqua/cunoas.htm%23int">Să cunoaștem apa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205070744/http://www.greenagenda.org/eco-aqua/cunoas.htm%23int">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2007-02-05">5 februarie 2007</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/phase.html">Diagrame de fază a apei</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.publicforuminstitute.org/issues/oceans/index.htm">Pagina problemelor legate de apă și oceane</a><sup>[<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.greenfacts.org/water-disinfectants/index.htm">Scientific Facts on Water Disinfectants</a> A faithful summary by GreenFacts of a leading scientific consensus report on Drinking Water Disinfectants published by the International Programme on Chemical Safety of the WHO.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldwaterforum.org/">World Water Forum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/">Water Structure and Behaviour</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wateraid.org/">WaterAid</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sahra.arizona.edu/newswatch/">SAHRA—Global Water Newswatch</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.siwi.org/">Stockholm International Water Institute</a> (SIWI)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.c-win.org/">California Water Impact Network (C-WIN)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3752590.stm">BBC: The water debate</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.emagazine.com/september-october_2003/0903feat1.html"><i>E the Environmental Magazine</i> piece on bottled water</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413164204/http://www.emagazine.com/september-october_2003/0903feat1.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2016-04-13">13 aprilie 2016</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Oct 2003).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iapws.org/">International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fineamin.ro/">Tratarea apei</a> - in sistemele generatoare de aburi</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html">US Geological Survey: Comprehensive discussion of the water cycle, in many languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108200632/http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2014-01-08">8 ianuarie 2014</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~etrnsfer/water.htm">Why is water blue?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525162353/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~etrnsfer/water.htm">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2019-05-25">25 mai 2019</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.water.org.uk/home/resources-and-links/water-for-health/ask-about/adults">Water requirements in adults</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20050830215022/http://www.water.org.uk/home/resources-and-links/water-for-health/ask-about/adults">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2005-08-30">30 august 2005</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~jw/unfreezable.html">'Unfreezable water', bound water and water of hydration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sibiul.ro/stiri-locale/opinia-specialistului-lectia-despre-apa-iii/16619/">Opinia specialistului despre apă</a>, 11 martie 2008, sibiul.ro</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/3168106-esenta-vietii">Esența vieții</a>, 18 septembrie 2008, Mihaela Stanescu, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/929434-apa-cifrul-secret-al-vietii">Apa - cifrul secret al vietii</a>, 31 iulie 2007, Berber Paarlberg, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://travel.descopera.ro/5888852-Recviem-pentru-Apa-FOTO">Recviem pentru Apă (FOTO)</a>, 18 aprilie 2010, <i>Descoperă - Travel</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ziare.com/magazin/descoperire/cea-mai-veche-sursa-de-apa-de-pe-terra-descoperita-in-africa-de-sud-1077046">Cea mai veche sursa de apa de pe Terra, descoperita in Africa de Sud</a>, 22 februarie 2011, <i>Ziare.com</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/928822-memoria-apei">Memoria apei</a>, 7 decembrie 2006, Cecilia Stroe, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.agrointel.ro/447/10-lucruri-pe-care-probabil-nu-le-stiai-despre-apa/">10 lucruri pe care probabil nu le știai despre apă</a>, 3 august 2012, Lucian Davidescu, <i>Agrointel.ro</i></li> </ul> <p><i><b>Mitologie</b></i></p> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.descopera.ro/cultura/10926113-apele-din-miturile-si-povestile-romanilor">Apele din miturile și poveștile românilor</a>, 5 iunie 2013, Nicu Pârlog, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.crestinortodox.ro/datini-obiceiuri-superstitii/cultul-apelor-mitologia-romaneasca-122814.html">Cultul apelor in mitologia romaneasca</a>, 3 iulie 2012, Radu Alexandru, <i>CrestinOrtodox.ro</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.romanialibera.ro/cultura/aldine/planeta-apelor-miracolul-vietii-101570.html">Planeta apelor - Miracolul vietii</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223192628/http://www.romanialibera.ro/cultura/aldine/planeta-apelor-miracolul-vietii-101570.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2014-02-23">23 februarie 2014</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., 21 iulie 2007, Adrian Bucurescu, <i>România liberă</i></li> </ul> <p><i><b>Consumul de apă</b></i></p> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gracelinks.org/1249/water-use-withdrawal-and-consumption-what-does-it-all-mean">Water Use, Withdrawal and Consumption</a>, <i>gracelinks.org</i></li> </ul> <p><br></p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐64b879bb4b‐bmtb9 Cached time: 20241120170213 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.504 seconds Real time usage: 0.637 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2283/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 112692/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 15394/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 62072/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.194/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3315074/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 455.654 1 -total 18.74% 85.386 1 Format:Referințe 17.96% 81.850 1 Format:Meta-casetăma 15.88% 72.354 4 Format:Citat_web 15.83% 72.148 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate 10.83% 49.327 1 Format:RamuriBiologie 10.35% 47.147 1 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă 8.53% 38.876 12 Format:Citat_carte 8.48% 38.624 1 Format:Meta-casetă/core 8.25% 37.575 1 Format:Category_handler --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:54612:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241120170213 and revision id 16671762. Rendering was triggered because: edit-page --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.033 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAp%C4%83%26oldid%3D16671762">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apă&oldid=16671762</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ap%C4%83&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="PatrocleBot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1732122133"> <span>Ultima modificare pe 20 noiembrie 2024, la 19:02</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Limbi</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D3%25A1%25D1%258B" title="Аӡы – abhază" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аӡы" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhază" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasser" title="Wasser – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wasser" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258B%258D%25E1%2588%2583" title="ውሃ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ውሃ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanum" title="Nanum – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Nanum" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augua" title="Augua – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Augua" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%25C3%25A6ter" title="Wæter – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wæter" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun%25CC%2584" title="Mun̄ – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Mun̄" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A1" title="ماء – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A1%25DC%259D%25DC%2590" title="ܡܝܐ – aramaică" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7" title="ما – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ما" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D9%2587" title="ميه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2580" title="পানী – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পানী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua" title="Agua – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Agua" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipi" title="Nipi – atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Nipi" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC" title="Лъим – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Лъим" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="पानी – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पानी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uma" title="Uma – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Uma" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su" title="Su – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Su" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588" title="سو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25BA%25D1%258B%25D1%2583" title="Һыу – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һыу" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toya" title="Toya – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Toya" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wossa" title="Wossa – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wossa" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondou" title="Ondou – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ondou" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aek" title="Aek – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Aek" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tubig" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buek" title="Buek – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Buek" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вада – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вада – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%25C3%25A8r" title="Aèr – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Aèr" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="पानी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पानी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wota" title="Wota – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Wota" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banyu" title="Banyu – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Banyu" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2591%25E1%2580%25AE" title="ထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji" title="Ji – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Ji" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF" title="পানি – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পানি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2586%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཆུ། – tibetană" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཆུ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dour" title="Dour – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dour" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D2%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD" title="Уһан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уһан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aigua" title="Aigua – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aigua" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agwa" title="Agwa – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Agwa" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C5%25ABi" title="Cūi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cūi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B8" title="Хи – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tubig" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%25C3%25A5nom" title="Hånom – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Hånom" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258E%25A0%25E1%258E%25B9" title="ᎠᎹ – cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎹ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahpe" title="Mahpe – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Mahpe" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588" title="ئاو – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Acqua" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suv" title="Suv – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Suv" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D1%258B%25D0%25B2" title="Шыв – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шыв" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C5%25B5r" title="Dŵr – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dŵr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vand" title="Vand – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vand" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasser" title="Wasser – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wasser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%25C9%2594" title="Koɔ – Dagaare" lang="dga" hreflang="dga" data-title="Koɔ" data-language-autonym="Dagaare" data-language-local-name="Dagaare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagaare</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piu" title="Piu – dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Piu" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awe" title="Awe – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Awe" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%25C3%25B3da" title="Wóda – sorabă de jos" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wóda" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="sorabă de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waig" title="Waig – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Waig" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF" title="पानि – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पानि" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%258A%25DE%25AC%25DE%2582%25DE%25B0" title="ފެން – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފެން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259D%25CE%25B5%25CF%2581%25CF%258C" title="Νερό – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νερό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Aqua" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akvo" title="Akvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Akvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua" title="Agua – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Agua" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesi" title="Vesi – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vesi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur" title="Ur – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ur" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua" title="Agua – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Agua" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25A8" title="آب – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndiyam" title="Ndiyam – fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ndiyam" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesi" title="Vesi – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vesi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesi" title="Vesi – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vesi" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wai" title="Wai – fijiană" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Wai" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatn" title="Vatn – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Vatn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25ACn" title="Sìn – fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Sìn" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau" title="Eau – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weeder" title="Weeder – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Weeder" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aghe" title="Aghe – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Aghe" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetter" title="Wetter – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wetter" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uisce" title="Uisce – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uisce" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – chineză gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="chineză gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilo" title="Dilo – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Dilo" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uisge" title="Uisge – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Uisge" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auga" title="Auga – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Auga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D9%2588" title="آو – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آو" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y" title="Y – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Y" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2589%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%2595" title="उदक – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="उदक" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258D%2585%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258D%2584%25F0%2590%258D%2589" title="𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 – gotică" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%25AA%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25A3%25E0%25AB%2580" title="પાણી – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પાણી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushtey" title="Ushtey – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ushtey" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruwa" title="Ruwa – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ruwa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25BAi" title="Súi – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Súi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%259D" title="מים – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B2" title="जल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paani" title="Paani – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Paani" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woda" title="Woda – sorabă de sus" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Woda" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorabă de sus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dlo" title="Dlo – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Dlo" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%25C3%25ADz" title="Víz – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Víz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258B%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D6%2580" title="Ջուր – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջուր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258B%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D6%2580" title="Ջուր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ջուր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aqua" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai" title="Ai – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Ai" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Aqua" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmiri" title="Mmiri – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mmiri" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danum" title="Danum – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Danum" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Хий – ingușă" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хий" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingușă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquo" title="Aquo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aquo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatn" title="Vatn – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vatn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Acqua" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2590%2583%25E1%2592%25AA%25E1%2596%2585" title="ᐃᒪᖅ – inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐃᒪᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waata" title="Waata – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Waata" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/djacu" title="djacu – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="djacu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banyu" title="Banyu – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Banyu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25AC%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598" title="წყალი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წყალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suw" title="Suw – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Suw" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aman" title="Aman – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aman" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C9%25A9m" title="Lɩm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɩm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%25CC%25B1sa%25CC%25B1khwot" title="A̱sa̱khwot – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱sa̱khwot" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maza" title="Maza – congoleză" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Maza" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="congoleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwai" title="Uwai – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Uwai" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa%25C4%25A9" title="Maaĩ – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Maaĩ" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%2583" title="Су – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Су" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%2591%25E1%259E%25B9%25E1%259E%2580" title="ទឹក – khmeră" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទឹក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%2580%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%2581" title="ನೀರು – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನೀರು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25AC%25BC" title="물 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D8%25A0_%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A2%25D8%25A8" title="پونؠ یا آب – cașmiră" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="پونؠ یا آب" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cașmiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasser" title="Wasser – kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Wasser" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av" title="Av – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Av" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowr" title="Dowr – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dowr" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%2583%25D1%2583" title="Суу – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Суу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aqua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua" title="Agua – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Agua" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waasser" title="Waasser – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Waasser" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25B4" title="Яд – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Яд" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acua" title="Acua – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Acua" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazzi" title="Amazzi – ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Amazzi" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2586goa" title="Ægoa – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ægoa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2588ga" title="Èga – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Èga" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aqua" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C3%25A1i" title="Mái – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mái" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BB%2589%25E0%25BB%258D%25E0%25BA%25B2" title="ນ້ໍາ – laoțiană" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ນ້ໍາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanduo" title="Vanduo – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vanduo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iudi%25C5%2586s" title="Iudiņs – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Iudiņs" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25AAdens" title="Ūdens – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ūdens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="पानी – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पानी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banyu" title="Banyu – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Banyu" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%258C" title="Ведь – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ведь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rano" title="Rano – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rano" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wai" title="Wai – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Wai" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aia" title="Aia – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Aia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%259C%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%2582" title="ജലം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2581" title="Ус – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%258F%25EA%25AF%2581%25EA%25AF%25A4%25EA%25AF%25A1" title="ꯏꯁꯤꯡ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯁꯤꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%2580" title="पाणी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पाणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auga" title="Auga – mirandeză" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Auga" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B1" title="ရေ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရေ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%258C" title="Ведь – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ведь" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D9%2588" title="ئو – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ئو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl" title="Atl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Atl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua – napolitană" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Acqua" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woater" title="Woater – saxona de jos" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Woater" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="saxona de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580" title="पानी – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पानी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2583" title="लः – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatn" title="Vatn – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vatn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vann" title="Vann – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DF%2596%25DF%258C" title="ߖߌ – n’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߖߌ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieau" title="Ieau – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Ieau" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25B3" title="Tó – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tó" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aiga" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vezi" title="Vezi – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vezi" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishaan" title="Bishaan – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Bishaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%259C%25E0%25AC%25B3" title="ଜଳ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜଳ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Дон – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дон" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25AA%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A3%25E0%25A9%2580" title="ਪਾਣੀ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਣੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danum" title="Danum – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Danum" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awa" title="Awa – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Awa" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieu" title="Ieu – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Ieu" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasser" title="Wasser – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Wasser" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasser" title="Wasser – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Wasser" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worta" title="Worta – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Worta" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woda" title="Woda – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Woda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva" title="Eva – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Eva" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DD%25A8%25DB%258C" title="پاݨی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاݨی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D9%2587" title="اوبه – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581gua" title="Água – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Água" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaku" title="Yaku – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yaku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%25C3%25A2" title="Apâ – aromână" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Apâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromână" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazi" title="Amazi – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Amazi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D" title="जलम् – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जलम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2583" title="Уу – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Уу" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25AB%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%259C" title="ᱫᱟᱜ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱫᱟᱜ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aba" title="Aba – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Aba" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acqua_(v%25C3%25ACppita)" title="Acqua (vìppita) – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Acqua (vìppita)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watter" title="Watter – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Watter" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DA%25BB%25D9%258A" title="پاڻي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پاڻي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258C%25C3%25A1hci" title="Čáhci – sami de nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Čáhci" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami de nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aman" title="Aman – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Aman" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2581%25BC%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2589" title="ၼမ်ႉ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၼမ်ႉ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="ජලය – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" title="Water – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Water" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DD%25A8%25DB%258C" title="پاݨی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="پاݨی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voda" title="Voda – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Voda" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vai" title="Vai – samoană" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Vai" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mvura" title="Mvura – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mvura" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyo" title="Biyo – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Biyo" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uji" title="Uji – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Uji" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsi" title="Metsi – sesotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Metsi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woater" title="Woater – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Woater" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cai" title="Cai – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Cai" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatten" title="Vatten – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vatten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maji" title="Maji – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Maji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woda" title="Woda – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Woda" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/nanum" title="nanum – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="nanum" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%258D" title="நீர் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%2580%2599sya" title="’sya – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="’sya" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%2580%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ನೀರ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ನೀರ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%2581" title="నీరు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నీరు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259E%25D0%25B1" title="Об – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Об" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B9%2589%25E0%25B8%25B3" title="น้ำ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="น้ำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suw" title="Suw – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Suw" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tubig" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vai" title="Vai – tongană" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Vai" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wara" title="Wara – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Wara" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su" title="Su – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Su" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qsiya" title="Qsiya – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Qsiya" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mati" title="Mati – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Mati" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%2583" title="Су – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Су" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nsuo" title="Nsuo – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nsuo" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D1%2583" title="Ву – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Ву" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%2587" title="سۇ – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سۇ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Вода – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вода" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="پانی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suv" title="Suv – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Suv" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2580cua" title="Àcua – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Àcua" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vezi" title="Vezi – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vezi" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Bc" title="Nước – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nước" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woater" title="Woater – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Woater" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vat" title="Vat – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Vat" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiwe_(tchimeye)" title="Aiwe (tchimeye) – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Aiwe (tchimeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tubig" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndox" title="Ndox – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ndox" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanzi" title="Amanzi – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Amanzi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25AC%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598" title="წყარი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="წყარი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%2590%25D7%25A1%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8" title="וואסער – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואסער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omi" title="Omi – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Omi" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raemx" title="Raemx – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Raemx" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%258E%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%258F" title="ⴰⵎⴰⵏ – tamazight standard marocană" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight standard marocană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25BAi" title="Chúi – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chúi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B0%25B4" title="水 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="水" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanzi" title="Amanzi – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Amanzi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 20 noiembrie 2024, ora 19:02.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Conținutul este disponibil sub <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, exceptând cazurile în care se specifică altfel.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Politica de confidențialitate</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Despre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Despre Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Termeni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Termeni</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Cod de conduită</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dezvoltatori</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/ro.wikipedia.org">Statistici</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declarație cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Termeni de utilizare</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAp%25C4%2583%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div><!-- v:8.3.1 --> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-8745688f8-4x9d6","wgBackendResponseTime":243,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.504","walltime":"0.637","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2283,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":112692,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15394,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":62072,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 455.654 1 -total"," 18.74% 85.386 1 Format:Referințe"," 17.96% 81.850 1 Format:Meta-casetăma"," 15.88% 72.354 4 Format:Citat_web"," 15.83% 72.148 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate"," 10.83% 49.327 1 Format:RamuriBiologie"," 10.35% 47.147 1 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă"," 8.53% 38.876 12 Format:Citat_carte"," 8.48% 38.624 1 Format:Meta-casetă/core"," 8.25% 37.575 1 Format:Category_handler"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.194","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3315074,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-64b879bb4b-bmtb9","timestamp":"20241120170213","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Ap\u0103","url":"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ap%C4%83","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q283","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q283","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-02-05T16:34:30Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T17:02:13Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/07\/Water_drop_animation.gif","headline":"lichid indispensabil vie\u021bii"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('ro', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>