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modeling</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: analytical modeling"> <meta name="keywords" content="analytical modeling"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="analytical modeling"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6095</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: analytical modeling</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6095</span> Analytical Investigation of Modeling and Simulation of Different Combinations of Sinusoidal Supplied Autotransformer under Linear Loading Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salih%20Taci">M. Salih Taci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Tayebi"> N. Tayebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Bozk%C4%B1r"> I. Bozkır</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the operation of a sinusoidal supplied autotransformer on the different states of magnetic polarity of primary and secondary terminals for four different step-up and step-down analytical conditions. In this paper, a new analytical modeling and equations for dot-marked and polarity-based step-up and step-down autotransformer are presented. These models are validated by the simulation of current and voltage waveforms for each state. PSpice environment was used for simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autotransformer%20modeling" title="autotransformer modeling">autotransformer modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autotransformer%20simulation" title=" autotransformer simulation"> autotransformer simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step-up%20autotransformer" title=" step-up autotransformer"> step-up autotransformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step-down%20autotransformer" title=" step-down autotransformer"> step-down autotransformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarity" title=" polarity"> polarity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76475/analytical-investigation-of-modeling-and-simulation-of-different-combinations-of-sinusoidal-supplied-autotransformer-under-linear-loading-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6094</span> A Novel Model for Saturation Velocity Region of Graphene Nanoribbon Transistor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Khaledian">Mohsen Khaledian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razali%20Ismail"> Razali Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Saeidmanesh"> Mehdi Saeidmanesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdiar%20Hosseinghadiry"> Mahdiar Hosseinghadiry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A semi-analytical model for impact ionization coefficient of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) is presented. The model is derived by calculating probability of electrons reaching ionization threshold energy Et and the distance traveled by electron gaining Et. In addition, ionization threshold energy is semi-analytically modeled for GNR. We justify our assumptions using analytic modeling and comparison with simulation results. Gaussian simulator together with analytical modeling is used in order to calculate ionization threshold energy and Kinetic Monte Carlo is employed to calculate ionization coefficient and verify the analytical results. Finally, the profile of ionization is presented using the proposed models and simulation and the results are compared with that of silicon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructures" title="nanostructures">nanostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20transport" title=" electronic transport"> electronic transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20modeling" title=" semiconductor modeling"> semiconductor modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20engineering" title=" systems engineering"> systems engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6813/a-novel-model-for-saturation-velocity-region-of-graphene-nanoribbon-transistor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6093</span> A Physically-Based Analytical Model for Reduced Surface Field Laterally Double Diffused MOSFETs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abouelatta">M. Abouelatta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Shaker"> A. Shaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El-Banna"> M. El-Banna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20T.%20Sayah"> G. T. Sayah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Gontrand"> C. Gontrand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zekry"> A. Zekry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a methodology for physically modeling the intrinsic MOS part and the drift region of the n-channel Laterally Double-diffused MOSFET (LDMOS) is presented. The basic physical effects like velocity saturation, mobility reduction, and nonuniform impurity concentration in the channel are taken into consideration. The analytical model is implemented using MATLAB. A comparison of the simulations from technology computer aided design (TCAD) and that from the proposed analytical model, at room temperature, shows a satisfactory accuracy which is less than 5% for the whole voltage domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDMOS" title="LDMOS">LDMOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RESURF" title=" RESURF"> RESURF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TCAD" title=" TCAD"> TCAD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73261/a-physically-based-analytical-model-for-reduced-surface-field-laterally-double-diffused-mosfets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6092</span> Applications of Analytical Probabilistic Approach in Urban Stormwater Modeling in New Zealand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asaad%20Y.%20Shamseldin">Asaad Y. Shamseldin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analytical probabilistic approach is an innovative approach for urban stormwater modeling. It can provide information about the long-term performance of a stormwater management facility without being computationally very demanding. This paper explores the application of the analytical probabilistic approach in New Zealand. The paper presents the results of a case study aimed at development of an objective way of identifying what constitutes a rainfall storm event and the estimation of the corresponding statistical properties of storms using two selected automatic rainfall stations located in the Auckland region in New Zealand. The storm identification and the estimation of the storm statistical properties are regarded as the first step in the development of the analytical probabilistic models. The paper provides a recommendation about the definition of the storm inter-event time to be used in conjunction with the analytical probabilistic approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrology" title="hydrology">hydrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall%20storm" title=" rainfall storm"> rainfall storm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storm%20inter-event%20time" title=" storm inter-event time"> storm inter-event time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20Zealand" title=" New Zealand"> New Zealand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stormwater%20management" title=" stormwater management "> stormwater management </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29942/applications-of-analytical-probabilistic-approach-in-urban-stormwater-modeling-in-new-zealand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6091</span> Analytical Modeling of Drain Current for DNA Biomolecule Detection in Double-Gate Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwani%20Kumar">Ashwani Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract- This study presents an analytical modeling approach for analyzing the drain current behavior in Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (TFET) biosensors used for the detection of DNA biomolecules. The proposed model focuses on elucidating the relationship between the drain current and the presence of DNA biomolecules, taking into account the impact of various device parameters and biomolecule characteristics. Through comprehensive analysis, the model offers insights into the underlying mechanisms governing the sensing performance of TFET biosensors, aiding in the optimization of device design and operation. A non-local tunneling model is incorporated with other essential models to accurately trace the simulation and modeled data. An experimental validation of the model is provided, demonstrating its efficacy in accurately predicting the drain current response to DNA biomolecule detection. The sensitivity attained from the analytical model is compared and contrasted with the ongoing research work in this area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title="biosensor">biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-gate%20TFET" title=" double-gate TFET"> double-gate TFET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20detection" title=" DNA detection"> DNA detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drain%20current%20modeling" title=" drain current modeling"> drain current modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183041/analytical-modeling-of-drain-current-for-dna-biomolecule-detection-in-double-gate-tunnel-field-effect-transistor-biosensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6090</span> Modeling Approach to Better Control Fouling in a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Wastewater Treatment: Development of Analytical Expressions in Steady-State Using ASM1</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benaliouche%20Hana">Benaliouche Hana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdessemed%20Djamal"> Abdessemed Djamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meniai%20Abdessalem"> Meniai Abdessalem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lesage%20Geoffroy"> Lesage Geoffroy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heran%20Marc"> Heran Marc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a dynamic mathematical model of activated sludge which is able to predict the formation and degradation kinetics of SMP (Soluble microbial products) in membrane bioreactor systems. The model is based on a calibrated version of ASM1 with the theory of production and degradation of SMP. The model was calibrated on the experimental data from MBR (Mathematical modeling Membrane bioreactor) pilot plant. Analytical expressions have been developed, describing the concentrations of the main state variables present in the sludge matrix, with the inclusion of only six additional linear differential equations. The objective is to present a new dynamic mathematical model of activated sludge capable of predicting the formation and degradation kinetics of SMP (UAP and BAP) from the submerged membrane bioreactor (BRMI), operating at low organic load (C / N = 3.5), for two sludge retention times (SRT) fixed at 40 days and 60 days, to study their impact on membrane fouling, The modeling study was carried out under the steady-state condition. Analytical expressions were then validated by comparing their results with those obtained by simulations using GPS-X-Hydromantis software. These equations made it possible, by means of modeling approaches (ASM1), to identify the operating and kinetic parameters and help to predict membrane fouling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Activated%20Sludge%20Model%20No.%201%20%28ASM1%29" title="Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1)">Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling%20membrane%20bioreactor" title=" mathematical modeling membrane bioreactor"> mathematical modeling membrane bioreactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soluble%20microbial%20products" title=" soluble microbial products"> soluble microbial products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAP" title=" UAP"> UAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BAP" title=" BAP"> BAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modeling%20SMP" title=" Modeling SMP"> Modeling SMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MBR" title=" MBR"> MBR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterotrophic%20biomass" title=" heterotrophic biomass"> heterotrophic biomass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139601/modeling-approach-to-better-control-fouling-in-a-submerged-membrane-bioreactor-for-wastewater-treatment-development-of-analytical-expressions-in-steady-state-using-asm1" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6089</span> Analytical Modeling of Equivalent Magnetic Circuit in Multi-segment and Multi-barrier Synchronous Reluctance Motor </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huai-Cong%20Liu%EF%BC%8CTae%20Chul%20Jeong%EF%BC%8CJu%20Lee">Huai-Cong Liu，Tae Chul Jeong，Ju Lee </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes characteristic analysis of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM)’s rotor with the Multi-segment and Multi-layer structure. The magnetic-saturation phenomenon in SynRM is often appeared. Therefore, when modeling analysis of SynRM the calculation of nonlinear magnetic field needs to be considered. An important influence factor on the convergence process is how to determine the relative permeability. An improved method, which ensures the calculation, is convergence by linear iterative method for saturated magnetic field. If there are inflection points on the magnetic curve,an optimum convergence method of solution for nonlinear magnetic field was provided. Then the equivalent magnetic circuit is calculated, and d,q-axis inductance can be got. At last, this process is applied to design a 7.5Kw SynRM and its validity is verified by comparing with the result of finite element method (FEM) and experimental test data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SynRM" title="SynRM">SynRM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic-saturation" title=" magnetic-saturation"> magnetic-saturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20circuit" title=" magnetic circuit"> magnetic circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20modeling" title=" analytical modeling"> analytical modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25307/analytical-modeling-of-equivalent-magnetic-circuit-in-multi-segment-and-multi-barrier-synchronous-reluctance-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6088</span> A Comparative Study of Force Prediction Models during Static Bending Stage for 3-Roller Cone Frustum Bending</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Chudasama">Mahesh Chudasama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harit%20Raval"> Harit Raval</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conical sections and shells of metal plates manufactured by 3-roller conical bending process are widely used in the industries. The process is completed by first bending the metal plates statically and then dynamic roller bending sequentially. It is required to have an analytical model to get maximum bending force, for optimum design of the machine, for static bending stage. Analytical models assuming various stress conditions are considered and these analytical models are compared considering various parameters and reported in this paper. It is concluded from the study that for higher bottom roller inclination, the shear stress affects greatly to the static bending force whereas for lower bottom roller inclination it can be neglected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller-bending" title="roller-bending">roller-bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static-bending" title=" static-bending"> static-bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress-conditions" title=" stress-conditions"> stress-conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical-modeling" title=" analytical-modeling"> analytical-modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45482/a-comparative-study-of-force-prediction-models-during-static-bending-stage-for-3-roller-cone-frustum-bending" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6087</span> Pitfalls and Drawbacks in Visual Modelling of Learning Knowledge by Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20Gavrilova">Tatyana Gavrilova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vadim%20Onufriev"> Vadim Onufriev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Knowledge-based systems’ design requires the developer’s owning the advanced analytical skills. The efficient development of that skills within university courses needs a deep understanding of main pitfalls and drawbacks, which students usually make during their analytical work in form of visual modeling. Thus, it was necessary to hold an analysis of 5-th year students’ learning exercises within courses of 'Intelligent systems' and 'Knowledge engineering' in Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University. The analysis shows that both lack of system thinking skills and methodological mistakes in course design cause the errors that are discussed in the paper. The conclusion contains an exploration of the issues and topics necessary and sufficient for the implementation of the improved practices in educational design for future curricula of teaching programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20based%20systems" title="knowledge based systems">knowledge based systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20engineering" title=" knowledge engineering"> knowledge engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%E2%80%99%20errors" title=" students’ errors"> students’ errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20modeling" title=" visual modeling"> visual modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67392/pitfalls-and-drawbacks-in-visual-modelling-of-learning-knowledge-by-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6086</span> Analytical Investigation of Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthening with Polypropylene Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rifat%20Sezer">Rifat Sezer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulhamid%20Aryan"> Abdulhamid Aryan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to research both the ductility of the reinforced concrete beams without fiber and the ductility of the reinforced concrete beams with fiber. For this purpose, the analytical load - displacement curves of the beams were formed and the areas under these curves were compared. According to the results of this comparison, it is concluded that the reinforced concrete beams with polypropylene fiber are more ductile. The dimension of the used beam-samples for analytical model in this study is 20x30 cm, their length is 200 cm and their scale is ½. The reinforced concrete reference-beams are produced as one item and the reinforced concrete beams with P-0.60 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber are produced as one item. The modeling of reinforced concrete beams was utilized with Abaqus software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene" title="polypropylene">polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber-reinforced%20beams" title=" fiber-reinforced beams"> fiber-reinforced beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening%20of%20the%20beams" title=" strengthening of the beams"> strengthening of the beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abaqus%20program" title=" abaqus program"> abaqus program</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43511/analytical-investigation-of-ductility-of-reinforced-concrete-beams-strengthening-with-polypropylene-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6085</span> Finite Element Modeling of Stockbridge Damper and Vibration Analysis: Equivalent Cable Stiffness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitish%20Kumar%20Vaja">Nitish Kumar Vaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oumar%20Barry"> Oumar Barry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20DeJong"> Brian DeJong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aeolian vibrations are the major cause for the failure of conductor cables. Using a Stockbridge damper reduces these vibrations and increases the life span of the conductor cable. Designing an efficient Stockbridge damper that suits the conductor cable requires a robust mathematical model with minimum assumptions. However it is not easy to analytically model the complex geometry of the messenger. Therefore an equivalent stiffness must be determined so that it can be used in the analytical model. This paper examines the bending stiffness of the cable and discusses the effect of this stiffness on the natural frequencies. The obtained equivalent stiffness compensates for the assumption of modeling the messenger as a rod. The results from the free vibration analysis of the analytical model with the equivalent stiffness is validated using the full scale finite element model of the Stockbridge damper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20stiffness" title="equivalent stiffness">equivalent stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20model" title=" finite element model"> finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration%20response" title=" free vibration response"> free vibration response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stockbridge%20damper" title=" Stockbridge damper"> Stockbridge damper</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60205/finite-element-modeling-of-stockbridge-damper-and-vibration-analysis-equivalent-cable-stiffness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6084</span> Commissioning of a Flattening Filter Free (FFF) using an Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safiqul%20Islam">Safiqul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anamul%20Haque"> Anamul Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Amran%20Hossain"> Mohammad Amran Hossain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: To compare the dosimetric parameters of the flattened and flattening filter free (FFF) beam and to validate the beam data using anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA). Materials and Methods: All the dosimetric data’s (i.e. depth dose profiles, profile curves, output factors, penumbra etc.) required for the beam modeling of AAA were acquired using the Blue Phantom RFA for 6 MV, 6 FFF, 10MV & 10FFF. Progressive resolution Optimizer and Dose Volume Optimizer algorithm for VMAT and IMRT were are also configured in the beam model. Beam modeling of the AAA were compared with the measured data sets. Results: Due to the higher and lover energy component in 6FFF and 10 FFF the surface doses are 10 to 15% higher compared to flattened 6 MV and 10 MV beams. FFF beam has a lower mean energy compared to the flattened beam and the beam quality index were 6 MV 0.667, 6FFF 0.629, 10 MV 0.74 and 10 FFF 0.695 respectively. Gamma evaluation with 2% dose and 2 mm distance criteria for the Open Beam, IMRT and VMAT plans were also performed and found a good agreement between the modeled and measured data. Conclusion: We have successfully modeled the AAA algorithm for the flattened and FFF beams and achieved a good agreement with the calculated and measured value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commissioning%20of%20a%20Flattening%20Filter%20Free%20%28FFF%29" title="commissioning of a Flattening Filter Free (FFF) ">commissioning of a Flattening Filter Free (FFF) </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=using%20an%20Anisotropic%20Analytical%20Algorithm%20%28AAA%29" title="using an Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA)">using an Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flattened%20beam" title=" flattened beam"> flattened beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameters" title=" parameters"> parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15991/commissioning-of-a-flattening-filter-free-fff-using-an-anisotropic-analytical-algorithm-aaa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6083</span> Comparative Study of Static and Dynamic Bending Forces during 3-Roller Cone Frustum Bending Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20K.%20Chudasama">Mahesh K. Chudasama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harit%20K.%20Raval"> Harit K. Raval</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 3-roller conical bending process is widely used in the industries for manufacturing of conical sections and shells. It involves static as well dynamic bending stages. Analytical models for prediction of bending force during static as well as dynamic bending stage are available in the literature. In this paper, bending forces required for static bending stage and dynamic bending stages have been compared using the analytical models. It is concluded that force required for dynamic bending is very less as compared to the bending force required during the static bending stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20modeling" title="analytical modeling">analytical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cone%20frustum" title=" cone frustum"> cone frustum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20bending" title=" dynamic bending"> dynamic bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20bending" title=" static bending "> static bending </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27189/comparative-study-of-static-and-dynamic-bending-forces-during-3-roller-cone-frustum-bending-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6082</span> Vertical and Lateral Vibration Analysis of Conventional Elevator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Saviz">Mohammadreza Saviz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sina%20Najafian"> Sina Najafian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an analytical study of vibration moving elevator and shows the elevator 2D dynamic model to evaluate the vertical and lateral motion. Most elevators applied to tall buildings include compensating ropes to satisfy the balanced rope tension between the car and the counterweight. The elasticity of these ropes and springs of sets that connect cabin to ropes make the elevator car to vibrate. A two-dimensional model is derived to calculate vibrations and displacements. The simulation results were validated by the results of similar works. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elevator" title="elevator">elevator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20solution" title=" analytical solution"> analytical solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%20modeling" title=" 2D modeling"> 2D modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48241/vertical-and-lateral-vibration-analysis-of-conventional-elevator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6081</span> A Comparative Study on Creep Modeling in Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roham%20Rafiee">Roham Rafiee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Mazhari"> Behzad Mazhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Composite structures, having incredible properties, have gained considerable popularity in the last few decades. Among all types, polymer matrix composites are being used extensively due to their unique characteristics including low weight, convenient fabrication process and low cost. Having polymer as matrix, these type of composites show different creep behavior when compared to metals and even other types of composites since most polymers undergo creep even in room temperature. One of the most challenging topics in creep is to introduce new techniques for predicting long term creep behavior of materials. Depending on the material which is being studied the appropriate method would be different. Methods already proposed for predicting long term creep behavior of polymer matrix composites can be divided into five categories: (1) Analytical Modeling, (2) Empirical Modeling, (3) Superposition Based Modeling (Semi-empirical), (4) Rheological Modeling, (5) Finite Element Modeling. Each of these methods has individual characteristics. Studies have shown that none of the mentioned methods can predict long term creep behavior of all PMC composites in all circumstances (loading, temperature, etc.) but each of them has its own priority in different situations. The reason to this issue can be found in theoretical basis of these methods. In this study after a brief review over the background theory of each method, they are compared in terms of their applicability in predicting long-term behavior of composite structures. Finally, the explained materials are observed through some experimental studies executed by other researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title="creep">creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20study" title=" comparative study"> comparative study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20materials" title=" composite materials"> composite materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1400/a-comparative-study-on-creep-modeling-in-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6080</span> Groundwater Seepage Estimation into Amirkabir Tunnel Using Analytical Methods and DEM and SGR Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Farhadian">Hadi Farhadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayoon%20Katibeh"> Homayoon Katibeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, groundwater seepage into Amirkabir tunnel has been estimated using analytical and numerical methods for 14 different sections of the tunnel. Site Groundwater Rating (SGR) method also has been performed for qualitative and quantitative classification of the tunnel sections. The obtained results of above-mentioned methods were compared together. The study shows reasonable accordance with results of the all methods unless for two sections of tunnel. In these two sections there are some significant discrepancies between numerical and analytical results mainly originated from model geometry and high overburden. SGR and the analytical and numerical calculations, confirm the high concentration of seepage inflow in fault zones. Maximum seepage flow into tunnel has been estimated 0.425 lit/sec/m using analytical method and 0.628 lit/sec/m using numerical method occurred in crashed zone. Based on SGR method, six sections of 14 sections in Amirkabir tunnel axis are found to be in "No Risk" class that is supported by the analytical and numerical seepage value of less than 0.04 lit/sec/m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20Seepage" title="water Seepage">water Seepage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirkabir%20Tunnel" title=" Amirkabir Tunnel"> Amirkabir Tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20method" title=" analytical method"> analytical method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEM" title=" DEM"> DEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGR" title=" SGR"> SGR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26677/groundwater-seepage-estimation-into-amirkabir-tunnel-using-analytical-methods-and-dem-and-sgr-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6079</span> A Rapid and Cost-Effective Approach to Manufacturing Modeling Platform for Fused Deposition Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chil-Chyuan%20Kuo">Chil-Chyuan Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Hsuan%20Tsai"> Chen-Hsuan Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a cost-effective approach for rapid fabricating modeling platforms utilized in fused deposition modeling system. A small-batch production of modeling platforms about 20 pieces can be obtained economically through silicone rubber mold using vacuum casting without applying the plastic injection molding. The air venting systems is crucial for fabricating modeling platform using vacuum casting. Modeling platforms fabricated can be used for building rapid prototyping model after sandblasting. This study offers industrial value because it has both time-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20casting" title="vacuum casting">vacuum casting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20deposition%20modeling" title=" fused deposition modeling"> fused deposition modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20platform" title=" modeling platform"> modeling platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandblasting" title=" sandblasting"> sandblasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8812/a-rapid-and-cost-effective-approach-to-manufacturing-modeling-platform-for-fused-deposition-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6078</span> Assessment of Golestan Dam Break Using Finite Volume Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Alamatian">Ebrahim Alamatian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mehdi%20Afzalnia"> Seyed Mehdi Afzalnia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most vital hydraulic structures is the dam. Regarding the unrecoverable damages which may occur after a dam break phenomenon, analyzing dams’ break is absolutely essential. GOLESTAN dam is located in the western South of Mashhad city in Iran. GOLESTAN dam break might lead to severe problems due to adjacent tourist and entertainment areas. In this paper, a numerical code based on the finite volume method was applied for assessing the risk of GOLESTAN dam break. As to this issue, first, a canal with a triangular barrier was modeled so as to verify the capability of the concerned code. Comparing analytical, experimental and numerical results showed that water level in the model results is in a good agreement with the similar water level in the analytical solutions and experimental data. The results of dam break modeling are revealed that two of the bridges, that are PARTOIE and NAMAYESHGAH, located downstream in the flow direction, are at risk following the potential GOLESTAN dam break. Therefore, the required times to conduct the precautionary measures at bridges were calculated at about 12 and 21 minutes, respectively. Thus, it is crucial to announce people about the possible risks of the dam break in order to decrease likely losses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20model" title="numerical model">numerical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shallow%20water%20equations" title=" shallow water equations"> shallow water equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GOLESTAN%20dam%20break" title=" GOLESTAN dam break"> GOLESTAN dam break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20and%20wet%20beds%20modeling" title=" dry and wet beds modeling"> dry and wet beds modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96719/assessment-of-golestan-dam-break-using-finite-volume-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6077</span> A Simulation of Land Market through Agent-Based Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zilin%20Zhang">Zilin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agent-based simulation has become a popular method of exploring the behavior of all kinds of urban systems. The city clearly is viewed as such a system. Many urban evolution processes, such as the development or the transaction of a piece of land, can be modeled with a set of rules. Such modeling approaches can be used to gain insight into urban-development and land market transactions in the real world. Our work contributes to such type of research by modeling the transactions of lands in a city and its surrounding suburbs. By replicating the demand and supply needs in the land market, we are able to demonstrate the different transaction patterns in three types of residential areas - downtown, city-suburban, and further suburban areas. In addition, we are also able to compare the vital roles of different activation conditions play in generating the various transaction patterns of the land market at the macro level. We use this simulation to loosely test our hypotheses about the nature of activation regimes by the replication of the Zi traders’ model. In the end, we hope our analytical results can be useful for city planners and policymakers to develop rational city plans and policies for shaping sustainable urban development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title="simulation">simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent-based%20modeling" title=" agent-based modeling"> agent-based modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20market" title=" housing market"> housing market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city" title=" city"> city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155772/a-simulation-of-land-market-through-agent-based-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6076</span> Standardized Description and Modeling Methods of Semiconductor IP Interfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongsoo%20Lee">Seongsoo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> IP reuse is an effective design methodology for modern SoC design to reduce effort and time. However, description and modeling methods of IP interfaces are different due to different IP designers. In this paper, standardized description and modeling methods of IP interfaces are proposed. It consists of 11 items such as IP information, model provision, data type, description level, interface information, port information, signal information, protocol information, modeling level, modeling information, and source file. The proposed description and modeling methods enables easy understanding, simulation, verification, and modification in IP reuse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title="interface">interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardization" title=" standardization"> standardization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=description" title=" description"> description</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20IP" title=" semiconductor IP"> semiconductor IP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16150/standardized-description-and-modeling-methods-of-semiconductor-ip-interfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6075</span> Characterization of Group Dynamics for Fostering Mathematical Modeling Competencies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Ozturk">Ayse Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study extends the prior research on modeling competencies by positioning students’ cognitive and language resources as the fundamentals for pursuing their own inquiry and expression lines through mathematical modeling. This strategy aims to answer the question that guides this study, “How do students’ group approaches to modeling tasks affect their modeling competencies over a unit of instruction?” Six bilingual tenth-grade students worked on open-ended modeling problems along with the content focused on quantities over six weeks. Each group was found to have a unique cognitive approach for solving these problems. Three different problem-solving strategies affected how the groups’ modeling competencies changed. The results provide evidence that the discussion around groups’ solutions, coupled with their reflections, advances group interpreting and validating competencies in the mathematical modeling process <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognition" title="cognition">cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20learning" title=" collective learning"> collective learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling%20competencies" title=" mathematical modeling competencies"> mathematical modeling competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem-solving" title=" problem-solving"> problem-solving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146619/characterization-of-group-dynamics-for-fostering-mathematical-modeling-competencies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6074</span> Analytical Solution for Stellar Distance Based on Photon Dominated Cosmic Expansion Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyun%20Li">Xiaoyun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suoang%20Longzhou"> Suoang Longzhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper derives the analytical solution of stellar distance according to its redshift based on the photon-dominated universe expansion model. Firstly, it calculates stellar separation speed and the farthest distance of observable stars via simulation. Then the analytical solution of stellar distance according to its redshift is derived. It shows that when the redshift is large, the stellar distance (and its separation speed) is not proportional to its redshift due to the relativity effect. It also reveals the relationship between stellar age and its redshift. The correctness of the analytical solution is verified by the latest astronomic observations of Ia supernovas in 2020. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redshift" title="redshift">redshift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmic%20expansion%20model" title=" cosmic expansion model"> cosmic expansion model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20solution" title=" analytical solution"> analytical solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stellar%20distance" title=" stellar distance"> stellar distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132729/analytical-solution-for-stellar-distance-based-on-photon-dominated-cosmic-expansion-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6073</span> Critical Success Factors for Sustainable Smart City Project in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasis%20Sarkar">Debasis Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of a Smart City would depend upon the development of its infrastructure in a smart way. Primarily based on the ideology of the fourth industrial revolution a Smart City project should have Smart governance, smart health care, smart building, smart transportation, smart mobility, smart energy, smart technology and smart citizen. Considering the Indian scenario of current state of cities in India, it has become very essential to decide the specific parameters which would govern the development of a Smart City project. It has been observed that there are significant parameters beyond Information and Communication Technology (ICT), which govern the development of a Smart City project. This paper is an attempt to identify the Critical Success Factors (CSF) which are significantly responsible for the development of a Smart City project in Western India. Responses to questionnaire survey were analyzed on basis of Likert scale. They were further critically evaluated with help of Factor Comparison Method (FCM) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The project authorities need to incorporate Building Information Modeling (BIM) to make the smart city project more collaborative. To make the project more sustainable, use of flyash in the concrete used, reduced usage of cement and steel, use of alternate fuels like biodiesel is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchical%20process" title="analytical hierarchical process">analytical hierarchical process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20information%20modeling" title=" building information modeling"> building information modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20success%20factors" title=" critical success factors"> critical success factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20comparison%20method" title=" factor comparison method"> factor comparison method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73243/critical-success-factors-for-sustainable-smart-city-project-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6072</span> Moment-Curvature Relation for Nonlinear Analysis of Slender Structural Walls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Dehghan">E. Dehghan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Dehghan"> R. Dehghan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generally, the slender structural walls have flexural behavior. Since behavior of bending members can be explained by moment–curvature relation, therefore, an analytical model is proposed based on moment–curvature relation for slender structural walls. The moment–curvature relationships of RC sections are constructed through section analysis. Governing equations describing the bond-slip behavior in walls are derived and applied to moment–curvature relations. For the purpose of removing the imprecision in analytical results, the plastic hinge length is included in the finite element modeling. Finally, correlation studies between analytical and experimental results are conducted with the objective to establish the validity of the proposed algorithms. The results show that bond-slip effect is more significant in walls subjected to larger axial compression load. Moreover, preferable results are obtained when ultimate strain of concrete is assumed conservatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title="nonlinear analysis">nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slender%20structural%20walls" title=" slender structural walls"> slender structural walls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment-curvature%20relation" title=" moment-curvature relation"> moment-curvature relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond-slip" title=" bond-slip"> bond-slip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20hinge%20length" title=" plastic hinge length"> plastic hinge length</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43118/moment-curvature-relation-for-nonlinear-analysis-of-slender-structural-walls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6071</span> Identification of Switched Reluctance Motor Parameters Using Exponential Swept-Sine Signal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmalek%20Ouannou">Abdelmalek Ouannou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adil%20Brouri"> Adil Brouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Kadi"> Laila Kadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarik"> Tarik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has a major interest in a large domain as in electric vehicle driving because of its wide range of speed operation, high performances, low cost, and robustness to run under degraded conditions. The purpose of the paper is to develop a new analytical approach for modeling SRM parameters. Then, an identification scheme is proposed to obtain the SRM parameters. Since the SRM is featured by a highly nonlinear behavior, modeling these devices is difficult. Then, it is convenient to develop an accurate model describing the SRM. Furthermore, it is always operated in the magnetically saturated mode to maximize the energy transfer. Accordingly, it is shown that the SRM can be accurately described by a generalized polynomial Hammerstein model, i.e., the parallel connection of several Hammerstein models having polynomial nonlinearity. Presently an analytical identification method is developed using a chirp excitation signal. Afterward, the parameters of the obtained model have been determined using Finite Element Method analysis. Finally, in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparison between the true and estimate models has been performed. The obtained results show that the output responses are very close. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switched%20reluctance%20motor" title="switched reluctance motor">switched reluctance motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swept-sine%20signal" title=" swept-sine signal"> swept-sine signal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20Hammerstein%20model" title=" generalized Hammerstein model"> generalized Hammerstein model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20system" title=" nonlinear system"> nonlinear system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136961/identification-of-switched-reluctance-motor-parameters-using-exponential-swept-sine-signal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6070</span> Bridging the Gap between Different Interfaces for Business Process Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalina%20Grigorova">Katalina Grigorova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaloyan%20Mironov"> Kaloyan Mironov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper focuses on the benefits of business process modeling. Although this discipline is developing for many years, there is still necessity of creating new opportunities to meet the ever-increasing users’ needs. Because one of these needs is related to the conversion of business process models from one standard to another, the authors have developed a converter between BPMN and EPC standards using workflow patterns as intermediate tool. Nowadays there are too many systems for business process modeling. The variety of output formats is almost the same as the systems themselves. This diversity additionally hampers the conversion of the models. The presented study is aimed at discussing problems due to differences in the output formats of various modeling environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20process%20modeling" title="business process modeling">business process modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20process%20modeling%20standards" title=" business process modeling standards"> business process modeling standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workflow%20patterns" title=" workflow patterns"> workflow patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=converting%20models" title=" converting models"> converting models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40931/bridging-the-gap-between-different-interfaces-for-business-process-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">587</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6069</span> An Analytical Wall Function for 2-D Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20Wang">X. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20J.%20Craft"> T. J. Craft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Iacovides"> H. Iacovides</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When handling the near-wall regions of turbulent flows, it is necessary to account for the viscous effects which are important over the thin near-wall layers. Low-Reynolds- number turbulence models do this by including explicit viscous and also damping terms which become active in the near-wall regions, and using very fine near-wall grids to properly resolve the steep gradients present. In order to overcome the cost associated with the low-Re turbulence models, a more advanced wall function approach has been implemented within OpenFoam and tested together with a standard log-law based wall function in the prediction of flows which involve 2-D shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions (SWTBLIs). On the whole, from the calculation of the impinging shock interaction, the three turbulence modelling strategies, the Lauder-Sharma k-ε model with Yap correction (LS), the high-Re k-ε model with standard wall function (SWF) and analytical wall function (AWF), display good predictions of wall-pressure. However, the SWF approach tends to underestimate the tendency of the flow to separate as a result of the SWTBLI. The analytical wall function, on the other hand, is able to reproduce the shock-induced flow separation and returns predictions similar to those of the low-Re model, using a much coarser mesh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWTBLIs" title="SWTBLIs">SWTBLIs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin-friction" title=" skin-friction"> skin-friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20modeling" title=" turbulence modeling"> turbulence modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20function" title=" wall function"> wall function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60622/an-analytical-wall-function-for-2-d-shock-waveturbulent-boundary-layer-interactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6068</span> Analytical Similarity Assessment of Bevacizumab Biosimilar Candidate MB02 Using Multiple State-of-the-Art Assays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie-Elise%20Beydon">Marie-Elise Beydon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Sacristan"> Daniel Sacristan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Ruppen"> Isabel Ruppen </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MB02 (Alymsys®) is a candidate biosimilar to bevacizumab, which was developed against the reference product (RP) Avastin® sourced from both the European Union (EU) and United States (US). MB02 has been extensively characterized comparatively to Avastin® at a physicochemical and biological level using sensitive orthogonal state-of-the-art analytical methods. MB02 has been demonstrated similar to the RP with regard to its primary and higher-order structure, post- and co-translational profiles such as glycosylation, charge, and size variants. Specific focus has been put on the characterization of Fab-related activities, such as binding to VEGF A 165, which directly reflect the bevacizumab mechanism of action. Fc-related functionality was also investigated, including binding to FcRn, which is indicative of antibodies' half-life. The data generated during the analytical similarity assessment demonstrate the high analytical similarity of MB02 to its RP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20similarity" title="analytical similarity">analytical similarity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bevacizumab" title=" bevacizumab"> bevacizumab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosimilar" title=" biosimilar"> biosimilar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MB02" title=" MB02"> MB02</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132954/analytical-similarity-assessment-of-bevacizumab-biosimilar-candidate-mb02-using-multiple-state-of-the-art-assays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6067</span> Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Seismic Behavior of Concrete Beam-Column Joints Strengthened by Fiber-Reinforced Polymers Jacketing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Zamani%20Beydokhti">Ebrahim Zamani Beydokhti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashem%20Shariatmadar"> Hashem Shariatmadar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an experimental and analytical investigation on the behavior of retrofitted beam-column joints subjected to reversed cyclic loading. The experimental program comprises 8 external beam–column joint connection subassemblages tested in 2 phases; one was the damaging phase and second was the repairing phase. The beam-column joints were no seismically designed, i.e. the joint, beam and column critical zones had no special transverse stirrups. The joins were tested under cyclic loading in previous research. The experiment had two phases named damage phase and retrofit phase. Then the experimental results compared with analytical results achieved from modeling in OpenSees software. The presence of lateral slab and the axial load amount were analytically investigated. The results showed that increasing the axial load and presence of lateral slab increased the joint capacity. The presence of lateral slab increased the dissipated energy, while the axial load had no significant effect on it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20beam-column%20joints" title="concrete beam-column joints">concrete beam-column joints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRP%20sheets" title=" CFRP sheets"> CFRP sheets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20slab" title=" lateral slab"> lateral slab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20load" title=" axial load"> axial load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88270/experimental-and-analytical-investigation-of-seismic-behavior-of-concrete-beam-column-joints-strengthened-by-fiber-reinforced-polymers-jacketing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6066</span> Development of Interaction Factors Charts for Piled Raft Foundation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelazim%20Makki%20Ibrahim">Abdelazim Makki Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esamaldeen%20Ali"> Esamaldeen Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims at analysing the load settlement behavior and predict the bearing capacity of piled raft foundation a series of finite element models with different foundation configurations and stiffness were established. Numerical modeling is used to study the behavior of the piled raft foundation due to the complexity of piles, raft, and soil interaction and also due to the lack of reliable analytical method that can predict the behavior of the piled raft foundation system. Simple analytical models are developed to predict the average settlement and the load sharing between the piles and the raft in piled raft foundation system. A simple example to demonstrate the applications of these charts is included. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile-raft%20foundation" title=" pile-raft foundation"> pile-raft foundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method" title=" method"> method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLAXIS%20software" title=" PLAXIS software"> PLAXIS software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35331/development-of-interaction-factors-charts-for-piled-raft-foundation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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