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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imagery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imagery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Imagery</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Imagery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Imagery subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Imagery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-3D_imagery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3D_imagery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>3D imagery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3D_imagery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Street_View" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street_View"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Street View</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street_View-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_and_ocean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_and_ocean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Water and ocean</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_and_ocean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outer_space" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outer_space"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Outer space</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Outer_space-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Outer space subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Outer_space-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Google_Sky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Sky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Google Sky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Sky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Mars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Mars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Google Mars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Mars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Moon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Moon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Google Moon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Moon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flight_simulators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flight_simulators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Flight simulators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flight_simulators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liquid_Galaxy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liquid_Galaxy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Liquid Galaxy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liquid_Galaxy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Versions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Versions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Versions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Pro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Pro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Google Earth Pro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Pro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Plus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Plus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Google Earth Plus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Plus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Enterprise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Enterprise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Google Earth Enterprise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Enterprise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Studio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Studio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Google Earth Studio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Studio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Google Earth 9</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Plug-in" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Plug-in"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Google Earth Plug-in</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Plug-in-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_VR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_VR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Google Earth VR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_VR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Outreach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Outreach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Google Earth Outreach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Outreach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Earth_Engine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Earth_Engine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Google Earth Engine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Earth_Engine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy_and_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy_and_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Controversy and criticism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy_and_criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversy and criticism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy_and_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Defense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Defense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>National security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Other concerns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Google Earth</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 88 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AB" title="جوجل إيرث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوجل إيرث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="গুগল আর্থ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গুগল আর্থ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="गूगल अर्थ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="गूगल अर्थ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Гугъл Земя – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гугъл Земя" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB" title="گوگل ارث – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوگل ارث" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B2_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A5" title="ગૂગલ અર્થ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગૂગલ અર્થ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80_%EC%96%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="구글 어스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구글 어스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="गूगल धरती – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गूगल धरती" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%8D" title="ಗೂಗಲ್ ಅರ್ಥ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗೂಗಲ್ ಅರ್ಥ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_F%C3%B6ld" title="Google Föld – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Google Föld" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гугл Земја – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гугл Земја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ഗൂഗിൾ എർത്ത് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗൂഗിൾ എർത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="गूगल अर्थ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गूगल अर्थ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AB" title="جوجل ايرث – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جوجل ايرث" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯒꯨꯒꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯒꯨꯒꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="गुगल अर्थ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="गुगल अर्थ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%9B_%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%92" title="ហ្គូហ្គល អើធ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហ្គូហ្គល អើធ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Google Планета Земля – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Google Планета Земля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D" title="गूगल् अर्त् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गूगल् अर्त्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%DA%B5_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="گووگڵ ئێرت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گووگڵ ئێرت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="கூகுள் எர்த் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கூகுள் எர்த்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D" title="గూగుల్ ఎర్త్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గూగుల్ ఎర్త్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%98" title="กูเกิล เอิร์ธ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กูเกิล เอิร์ธ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Google Earth" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گوگل دنیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گوگل دنیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Google 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id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">3D Internet global map program</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Google Earth</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Google_Earth_icon.svg/120px-Google_Earth_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Google_Earth_icon.svg/180px-Google_Earth_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Google_Earth_icon.svg/240px-Google_Earth_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:gainsboro;text-align:center">Screenshot</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0d/Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png/220px-Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0d/Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png/330px-Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0d/Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png/440px-Google_Earth_on_Chrome_screenshot.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="224" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Google Earth 9 on <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Keyhole, Inc.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">June 10, 2001<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001-06-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release(s)</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; margin:0px"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Google_Earth?action=edit">[±]</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pro (Linux, macOS, and Windows)</th><td class="infobox-data">7.3.6 (Build 9796) / 22 February 2024<span class="noprint">; 9 months ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-02-22</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Android</th><td class="infobox-data">10.67.0.6 / 18 November 2024<span class="noprint">; 9 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-11-18</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">iOS</th><td class="infobox-data">10.67.1 / 19 November 2024<span class="noprint">; 8 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-11-19</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Web</th><td class="infobox-data">10.67.0.5 / 18 November 2024<span class="noprint">; 9 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-11-18</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Beta" title="Software release life cycle">Preview release(s)</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; margin:0px"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_preview_software_release/Google_Earth?action=edit">[±]</a></span></th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)" title="Dart (programming language)">Dart</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <a href="/wiki/Android_Lollipop" title="Android Lollipop">Lollipop</a> or later</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> <a href="/wiki/IOS_15" title="IOS 15">15</a> or later</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a> <a href="/wiki/IPadOS_15" title="IPadOS 15">15</a> or later</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> 14/<a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a> 23-equivalent or later)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">macOS 10.8</a> or later</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">Web App</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> or later<sup id="cite_ref-SystemRequirements_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SystemRequirements-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">Various languages</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_globe" title="Virtual globe">Virtual globe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earth.google.com/">earth<wbr />.google<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Google Earth</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Web_mapping" title="Web mapping">web</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a> that renders a <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> representation of <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> based primarily on <a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite imagery</a>. The program maps the Earth by <a href="/wiki/Superimposition" title="Superimposition">superimposing</a> satellite images, <a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">aerial photography</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geographic_information_system" title="Geographic information system">GIS data</a> onto a 3D globe, allowing users to see cities and landscapes from various angles. Users can explore the globe by entering addresses and coordinates, or by using a <a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">keyboard</a> or <a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">mouse</a>. The program can also be downloaded on a <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet</a>, using a <a href="/wiki/Touch_screen" class="mw-redirect" title="Touch screen">touch screen</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stylus" title="Stylus">stylus</a> to navigate. Users may use the program to add their own data using <a href="/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" title="Keyhole Markup Language">Keyhole Markup Language</a> and upload them through various sources, such as forums or <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogs</a>. Google Earth is able to show various kinds of images overlaid on the surface of the Earth and is also a <a href="/wiki/Web_Map_Service" title="Web Map Service">Web Map Service</a> client. In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> revealed that Google Earth now covers more than 97 percent of the world, and has captured 10 million miles of <a href="/wiki/Street_View" class="mw-redirect" title="Street View">Street View</a> imagery.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to Earth navigation, Google Earth provides a series of other tools through the desktop application, including a measure distance tool. Additional globes for the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> are available, as well as a tool for viewing the <a href="/wiki/Night_sky" title="Night sky">night sky</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Flight_simulator" title="Flight simulator">flight simulator</a> game is also included. Other features allow users to view photos from various places uploaded to <a href="/wiki/Panoramio" title="Panoramio">Panoramio</a>, information provided by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> on some locations, and Street View imagery. The web-based version of Google Earth also includes Voyager, a feature that periodically adds in-program tours, often presented by scientists and documentarians. </p><p>Google Earth has been viewed by some as a threat to <a href="/wiki/Privacy" title="Privacy">privacy</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">national security</a>, leading to the program being banned in multiple countries.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some countries have requested that certain areas be obscured in Google's satellite images, usually areas containing military facilities. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The core <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> behind Google Earth was originally developed at Intrinsic Graphics in the late 1990s. At the time, the company was developing 3D gaming software libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a demo of their 3D software, they created a spinning globe that could be zoomed into, similar to the <i><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_Ten_(film)" title="Powers of Ten (film)">Powers of Ten</a></i> film.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The demo was popular, but the board of Intrinsic wanted to remain focused on gaming, so in 1999, they created Keyhole, Inc., headed by <a href="/wiki/John_Hanke" title="John Hanke">John Hanke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keyhole then developed a way to stream large databases of mapping data over the internet to client software, a key part of the technology,<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and acquired patchworks of mapping data from governments and other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The product, called "Keyhole EarthViewer", was sold on CDs for use in fields such as <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>, <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">defense</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_assessment" title="Intelligence assessment">intelligence</a>; users paid a yearly fee for the service.<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite making a number of capital deals with <a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the small company was struggling to pay and retain employees.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fortunes for the company changed in early 2003 during the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">2003 invasion of Iraq</a>, when Dave Lorenzini (Director at Keyhole) enticed <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> and other major news networks to use their sophisticated 3D flyby imagery to illustrate Baghdad Activities for viewers, in exchange for on-air attribution.<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the invasion, It was used extensively by <a href="/wiki/Miles_O%27Brien_(journalist)" title="Miles O'Brien (journalist)">Miles O'Brien</a> and other on-air broadcasters, allowing CNN and millions of viewers to follow the progress of the war in a way that had never been seen before.<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Public interest in the software exploded and Keyhole servers were not able to keep up with demand.<sup id="cite_ref-awes_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awes-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keyhole was soon contacted by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>'s venture capital firm, <a href="/wiki/In-Q-Tel" title="In-Q-Tel">In-Q-Tel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pandooakland_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pandooakland-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for use with defense mapping databases, which gave Keyhole a much-needed cash infusion.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intrinsic Graphics was sold in 2003 to <a href="/wiki/Vicarious_Visions" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicarious Visions">Vicarious Visions</a> after its gaming libraries did not sell well, and its core group of engineers and management including Brian McClendon and Michael Jones transitioned to Keyhole with Hanke remaining at the head.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time, Google was finding that over 25% of its searches were of a geospatial character, including searches for maps and directions.<sup id="cite_ref-kilday_10-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kilday-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2004, Google acquired Keyhole as part of a strategy to better serve its users.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Google replaced its layers feature with a new one on its Google Earth software.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This replacement consolidated some layers, but also removed some layers and features.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imagery">Imagery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Imagery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth's imagery is displayed on a digital <a href="/wiki/Globe" title="Globe">globe</a>, which displays the planet's surface using a single composited image from a far distance. After zooming in far enough, the imagery transitions into different imagery of the same area with finer detail, which varies in date and time from one area to the next. The imagery is retrieved from <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellites</a> or <a href="/wiki/Aircraft" title="Aircraft">aircraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the launch of <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">USGS's</a> <a href="/wiki/Landsat_8" title="Landsat 8">Landsat 8</a> satellite, Google relied partially on imagery from <a href="/wiki/Landsat_7" title="Landsat 7">Landsat 7</a>, which suffered from a hardware malfunction that left diagonal gaps in images.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, Google used <a href="/wiki/Datamining" class="mw-redirect" title="Datamining">datamining</a> to remedy the issue, providing what was described as a successor to the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Marble" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Marble">Blue Marble</a> image of Earth, with a single large image of the entire planet. This was achieved by combining multiple sets of imagery taken from Landsat 7 to eliminate clouds and diagonal gaps, creating a single "mosaic" image.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google now uses myriad sources to provide imagery in a higher quality and with greater frequency.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imagery is hosted on Google's servers, which are contacted by the application when opened, requiring an Internet connection. </p><p>Imagery resolution ranges from 15 meters of resolution to 15 centimeters.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Likely to change over time and cannot find current information (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> For much of the Earth, Google Earth uses <a href="/wiki/Digital_elevation_model" title="Digital elevation model">digital elevation model</a> data collected by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_Radar_Topography_Mission" title="Shuttle Radar Topography Mission">Shuttle Radar Topography Mission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This creates the impression of three-dimensional terrain, even where the imagery is only two-dimensional. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Copyright"></span> Google asserts that every image created from Google Earth using satellite data provided by Google Earth is a <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyrighted</a> map. Any derivative from Google Earth is made from data on which Google claims copyright under <a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Copyright Law">United States Copyright Law</a>. Google grants licenses in this data allowing, among other things, non-commercial personal use of the images (e.g., on a personal website or blog) as long as copyrights and attributions are preserved.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By contrast, images created with NASA's globe software <a href="/wiki/NASA_WorldWind" title="NASA WorldWind">WorldWind</a> use <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble#Subsequent_Blue_Marble_images" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Landsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Landsat">Landsat</a>, or USGS imagery, each of which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="historicalimagery"></span> In version 5.0, Google introduced Historical Imagery, allowing users to view earlier imagery. Clicking the <a href="/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">clock</a> icon in the toolbar opens a time slider, which marks the time of available imagery from the past. This feature allows for observation of an area's changes over time.<sup id="cite_ref-Dive_into_New_Google_Earth_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dive_into_New_Google_Earth-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Utilizing the timelapse feature allows for the ability to view a zoom-able video as far back as 38 years.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3D_imagery">3D imagery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 3D imagery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg/410px-3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="410" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg/615px-3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg/820px-3D_locations_in_Google_Earth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Countries with 3D coverage in Google Earth as of May 2024: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED1C24; color:black;"> </span> Countries with 3D coverage (55, including <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B9B9B9; color:black;"> </span> Countries without 3D coverage</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth_(iOS)_-_3D_Mode_at_Wisconsin_Dells_Great_Wolf_Lodge.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/Google_Earth_%28iOS%29_-_3D_Mode_at_Wisconsin_Dells_Great_Wolf_Lodge.png/301px-Google_Earth_%28iOS%29_-_3D_Mode_at_Wisconsin_Dells_Great_Wolf_Lodge.png" decoding="async" width="301" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d4/Google_Earth_%28iOS%29_-_3D_Mode_at_Wisconsin_Dells_Great_Wolf_Lodge.png 1.5x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption>3D imagery in the <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> version of Google Earth, seen here at <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Dells,_Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin">Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Google Earth shows <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> <a href="/wiki/Building_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Building model">building models</a> in some cities, including photorealistic 3D imagery made using <a href="/wiki/Photogrammetry" title="Photogrammetry">photogrammetry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first 3D buildings in Google Earth were created using <a href="/wiki/3D_modeling" title="3D modeling">3D modeling</a> applications such as <a href="/wiki/SketchUp" title="SketchUp">SketchUp</a> and, beginning in 2009, <a href="/wiki/Google_Building_Maker" title="Google Building Maker">Building Maker</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were uploaded to Google Earth via the <a href="/wiki/3D_Warehouse" class="mw-redirect" title="3D Warehouse">3D Warehouse</a>. In June 2012, Google announced that it would be replacing user-generated 3D buildings with an auto-generated 3D mesh.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would be phased in, starting with select larger cities, with the notable exception of cities such as <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> which required more time to process detailed imagery of their vast number of buildings. The reason given is to have greater uniformity in 3D buildings and to compete with <a href="/wiki/Here_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Here (company)">Nokia Here</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apple_Maps" title="Apple Maps">Apple Maps</a>, which were already using this technology. The coverage began that year in 21 cities in four countries.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By early 2016, 3D imagery had been expanded to hundreds of cities in over 40 countries, including every <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> and encompassing every continent except Antarctica. </p><p>In 2009, in a collaboration between <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> and the <span title="Spanish-language text"><span lang="es" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Prado" title="Museo del Prado">Museo del Prado</a></span></span> in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, the museum selected 14 of its paintings to be photographed and displayed at the resolution of 14,000 <a href="/wiki/Megapixel" class="mw-redirect" title="Megapixel">megapixels</a> inside the 3D version of the Prado in Google Earth and <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Street_View">Street View</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Street View"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Google Street View</a></div> <p>On April 15, 2008, with version 4.3, Google fully integrated <a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a> into Google Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-PCM4.3_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCM4.3-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Street View displays 360° panoramic street-level photos of select cities and their surroundings. The photos were taken by cameras mounted on automobiles, can be viewed at different scales and from many angles, and are navigable by arrow icons imposed on them. </p><p>Using Street View on Google Earth, users can visit and explore 30 UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Sites">World Heritage Sites</a> with historical context and pins for each. The sites include the <a href="/wiki/Great_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Pyramid">Great Pyramid</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Sagrada Família">Sagrada Família</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dolomites" title="Dolomites">Dolomites</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Sphinx">Great Sphinx</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Walt Disney World partnered with Google to create Pixar Street View. A unique activation that enabled viewers to search for hidden Pixar Easter eggs in Toy Story Land at Disney's Hollywood Studios through street view. This creative collaboration elevated Pixar's iconic tradition of hiding Easter eggs in films and introduced it to an immersive new platform.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water_and_ocean">Water and ocean</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Water and ocean"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Introduced in Google Earth 5.0 in 2009, the Google Ocean feature allows users to zoom below the surface of the ocean and view the 3D <a href="/wiki/Bathymetry" title="Bathymetry">bathymetry</a>. Supporting over 20 content layers, it contains information from leading scientists and <a href="/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography">oceanographers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 14, 2009, Google added bathymetric data for the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2011, Google increased the resolution of some deep ocean floor areas from 1-kilometer grids to 100 meters.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The high-resolution features were developed by oceanographers at Columbia University's Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory from scientific data collected on research cruises. The sharper focus is available for about 5 percent of the oceans. This can be seen in the Hudson off New York City, the Wini Seamount near Hawaii, and the <a href="/wiki/Mendocino_Fracture_Zone" title="Mendocino Fracture Zone">Mendocino Ridge</a> off the U.S. Pacific coast.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outer_space">Outer space</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Outer space"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth_Mars.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Google_Earth_Mars.png/220px-Google_Earth_Mars.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Google_Earth_Mars.png/330px-Google_Earth_Mars.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9a/Google_Earth_Mars.png 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>A picture of <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Martian</a> landscape</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth_Sky.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/Google_Earth_Sky.png/220px-Google_Earth_Sky.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/Google_Earth_Sky.png/330px-Google_Earth_Sky.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/Google_Earth_Sky.png 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>Google Earth in Sky Viewing Mode</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_moon_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Google_moon_1.jpg/220px-Google_moon_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Google_moon_1.jpg/330px-Google_moon_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f5/Google_moon_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Module_Eagle" title="Lunar Module Eagle">Lunar Module <i>Eagle</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Tranquility_Base" title="Tranquility Base">Tranquility Base</a> as portrayed in Google Moon</figcaption></figure> <p>Google has programs and features, including within Google Earth, allowing exploration of <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>, the view of the sky from Earth and <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">outer space</a>, including the surfaces of various objects in the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Sky">Google Sky</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Google Sky"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Sky is a feature that was introduced in Google Earth 4.2 on August 22, 2007, in a browser-based application on March 13, 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">augmented reality</a> features. Google Sky allows users to view <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">stars</a> and other celestial bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was produced by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> through a partnership with the <a href="/wiki/Space_Telescope_Science_Institute" title="Space Telescope Science Institute">Space Telescope Science Institute</a> (STScI) in Baltimore, the science operations center for the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Conti" title="Alberto Conti">Alberto Conti</a> and his co-developer Carol Christian of STScI planned to add the public images from 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as color images of all of the archived data from Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. Then-newly released <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble</a> pictures were added to the Google Sky program as soon as they were issued. </p><p>New features such as multi-wavelength data, positions of major satellites and their <a href="/wiki/Orbits" class="mw-redirect" title="Orbits">orbits</a> as well as educational resources are provided to the Google Earth community and also through Christian and Conti's website for Sky.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also visible on Sky mode are constellations, stars, galaxies, and animations depicting the planets in their orbits. A real-time Google Sky <a href="/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">mashup</a> of recent astronomical transients, using the <a href="/wiki/VOEvent" title="VOEvent">VOEvent</a> protocol, is provided by the VOEventNet collaboration.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other programs similar to Google Sky include <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_WorldWide_Telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft WorldWide Telescope">Microsoft WorldWide Telescope</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stellarium_(software)" title="Stellarium (software)">Stellarium</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Mars">Google Mars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Google Mars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Mars is an application within Google Earth that is a version of the program for imagery of the planet Mars. Google also operates a browser-based version, although the maps are of a much higher resolution within Google Earth, and include 3D terrain, as well as <a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a> imagery and elevation data. There are also some extremely high-resolution images from the <a href="/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter</a>'s <a href="/wiki/HiRISE" title="HiRISE">HiRISE</a> camera that are of a similar resolution to those of the cities on Earth. Finally, there are many high-resolution panoramic images from various Mars landers, such as the <a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rovers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mars Exploration Rovers">Mars Exploration Rovers</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Rover" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit Rover">Spirit</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Opportunity_Rover" class="mw-redirect" title="Opportunity Rover">Opportunity</a></i>, that can be viewed in a similar way to <a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Google Street View</a>. </p><p>Mars also has a small application found near the <a href="/wiki/Face_on_Mars" class="mw-redirect" title="Face on Mars">face on Mars</a>. It is called Meliza, a robot character the user can speak with.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Moon">Google Moon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Google Moon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally a browser application, Google Moon is a feature that allows exploration of the Moon. Google brought the feature to Google Earth for the 40th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> mission on July 20, 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was announced and demonstrated to a group of invited guests by Google along with <a href="/wiki/Buzz_Aldrin" title="Buzz Aldrin">Buzz Aldrin</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Newseum" title="Newseum">Newseum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Moon includes several tours, including one for the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo missions</a>, incorporating maps, videos, and Street View-style panoramas, all provided by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_features">Other features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth has numerous features that allow the user to learn about specific places. These are called "layers", and include different forms of media, including photo and video. Some layers include tours, which guide the user between specific places in a set order. Layers are created using the <a href="/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" title="Keyhole Markup Language">Keyhole Markup Language</a>, or KML, which users can also use to create customized layers.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Locations can be marked with placemarks and organized in folders; For example, a user can use placemarks to list interesting landmarks around the globe, then provide a description with photos and videos, which can be viewed by clicking on the placemarks while viewing the new layer in the application. </p><p>In December 2006, Google Earth added a new integration with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panoramio" title="Panoramio">Panoramio</a>. For the Wikipedia layer, entries are <a href="/wiki/Web_scraping" title="Web scraping">scraped</a> for coordinates via the <a href="/wiki/Template:Coord" title="Template:Coord">Coord templates</a>. There is also a community layer from the project <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProjekt_Georeferenzierung/Wikipedia-World/en" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Georeferenzierung/Wikipedia-World/en">Wikipedia-World</a>. More coordinates are used, different types are in the display, and different languages are supported than the built-in Wikipedia layer.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Panoramio layer features pictures uploaded by Panoramio users, placed in Google Earth based on user-provided location data. In addition to flat images, Google Earth also includes a layer for user-submitted panoramic photos, navigable in a similar way to Street View. </p><p>Google Earth includes multiple features that allow the user to monitor current events. In 2007, Google began offering users the ability to monitor traffic data provided by <a href="/wiki/Google_Traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Traffic">Google Traffic</a> in real-time, based on information <a href="/wiki/Crowdsourcing" title="Crowdsourcing">crowdsourced</a> from the GPS-identified locations of cell phone users.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flight_simulators">Flight simulators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Flight simulators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toronto_downtown.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a3/Toronto_downtown.png/220px-Toronto_downtown.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a3/Toronto_downtown.png/330px-Toronto_downtown.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a3/Toronto_downtown.png 2x" data-file-width="439" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Toronto" title="Downtown Toronto">Downtown Toronto</a> as seen from an <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> during a simulated flight</figcaption></figure> <p>In Google Earth 4.2, a <a href="/wiki/Flight_simulator" title="Flight simulator">flight simulator</a> was added to the application. It was originally a <a href="/wiki/Easter_egg_(media)#Software" title="Easter egg (media)">hidden feature</a> when introduced in 2007, but starting with 4.3, it was given a labeled option in the menu. In addition to keyboard control, the simulator can be controlled with a mouse or joystick.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The simulator also runs with animation, allowing objects such as planes to animate while on the simulator.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another flight simulator, <a href="/wiki/GeoFS" title="GeoFS">GeoFS</a>, was created under the name GEFS-Online using the Google Earth Plug-in <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a> to operate within a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>. As of September 1, 2015, the program now uses the open-source program CesiumJS, due to the Google Earth Plug-in being discontinued.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liquid_Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Liquid Galaxy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy" title="Liquid Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</a></div> <p>Liquid Galaxy is a cluster of computers running Google Earth creating an <a href="/wiki/Immersive_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Immersive technology">immersive experience</a>. On September 30, 2010, Google made the configuration and schematics for their rigs public,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> placing code and setup guides on the Liquid Galaxy wiki.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liquid Galaxy has also been used as a panoramic photo viewer using KRpano, as well as a Google Street View viewer using Peruse-a-Rue<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peruse-a-Rue is a method for synchronizing multiple <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps#Google_Maps_API" title="Google Maps">Maps API</a> clients.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is missing information</b> about the specific versions and their respective differences.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Google_Earth" title="Talk:Google Earth">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Google Earth has been released on <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> version began with the version 4 beta of Google Earth, as a native port using the <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt toolkit</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a> considers the development of a free compatible client for Google Earth to be a <a href="/wiki/High_Priority_Free_Software_Projects" class="mw-redirect" title="High Priority Free Software Projects">High Priority Free Software Project</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth was released for Android on February 22, 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on iOS on October 27, 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mobile versions of Google Earth can make use of <a href="/wiki/Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">multi-touch</a> interfaces to move on the globe, zoom or rotate the view, and allow to select the current location. An automotive version of Google Earth was made available in the 2010 <a href="/wiki/Audi_A8" title="Audi A8">Audi A8</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 27, 2020, Google opened up its web-based version of Earth to browsers like Firefox, Edge, and Opera.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"> <caption>Version history </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%">Version </th> <th style="width:10%">Release date </th> <th style="width:82%;">Changes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.0 </td> <td>June 10, 2001 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.4 </td> <td>January 2002 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.6 </td> <td>February 2003 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.7.2 </td> <td>October 2003 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.2 </td> <td>August 2004 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.0 </td> <td>June 2005 </td> <td> <ul><li>The first version was released after Google acquired Keyhole, Inc.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0 </td> <td>June 2006 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.1 </td> <td>May 2007 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.2 </td> <td>August 2007 </td> <td> <ul><li>Google Sky was introduced</li> <li>A flight simulator was added</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.3 </td> <td>April 2008 </td> <td> <ul><li>First release to implement KML version 2.2</li> <li>Google Street View was added</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.0 </td> <td>May 2009 </td> <td> <ul><li>Google Ocean was introduced</li> <li>Historical Imagery was introduced</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.1 </td> <td>November 2009 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.2 </td> <td>July 2010 </td> <td> <ul><li>Last version to support Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger (PPC & Intel) and 10.5 Leopard (PPC)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.0 </td> <td>March 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>3D Trees were added</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.1 </td> <td>October 2011 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.2 </td> <td>April 2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Last version to support Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard (Intel)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.0 </td> <td>December 2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Support for 3D Imagery data was introduced</li> <li>Tour Guide was introduced</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.1 </td> <td>April 2013 </td> <td> <ul><li>Last version to support Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard and Mac OS X 10.7 Lion</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.3 </td> <td>July 2017 </td> <td> <ul><li>Google Earth Pro became the standard version of the desktop program. (A free license key was also publicly provided by Google for all the earlier Pro versions.)<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The desktop application continues to be Google Earth Pro 7.3, with infrequent updates.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8.0 </td> <td>October 2014 </td> <td> <ul><li>Android-only update with new 3D rendering engine and feature to import KML files from Google Drive.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9.0 </td> <td>April 2017 </td> <td> <ul><li>Redesign of the mobile and web apps featuring Voyager, "I'm Feeling Lucky" button, and 3D mode.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>iOS received update in August 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10.0 </td> <td>September 2023 </td> <td> <ul><li>Mobile and web apps updated to latest <a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a> theme with support for project creation. Voyager was removed from app.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_Pro">Google Earth Pro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Google Earth Pro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Earth.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0b/Google_Earth.png" decoding="async" width="237" height="421" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="237" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>Google Earth running on <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Google Earth Pro was originally the business-oriented upgrade to Google Earth, with features such as a movie maker and data importer. Up until late January 2015, it was available for $399/year, though Google decided to make it free to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Pro is currently the standard version of the Google Earth desktop application as of version 7.3.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pro version includes add-on software for movie making, advanced printing, and precise measurements, and is available for <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_Plus">Google Earth Plus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Google Earth Plus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Discontinued in December 2008, Google Earth Plus was a paid subscription upgrade to Google Earth that provided customers with the following features, most of which have become available in the free Google Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One such feature was GPS integration, which allowed users to read tracks and waypoints from a <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a> device. A variety of third-party applications have been created which provide this functionality using the basic version of Google Earth by generating KML or KMZ files based on user-specified or user-recorded waypoints. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_Enterprise">Google Earth Enterprise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Google Earth Enterprise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth Enterprise is designed for use by organizations whose businesses could take advantage of the program's capabilities, for example by having a globe that holds company data available for anyone in that company.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 20, 2015, Google has retired the Google Earth Enterprise product, with support ended on March 22, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Enterprise allowed developers to create maps and 3D globes for private use, and host them through the platform. GEE Fusion, GEE Server, and GEE Portable Server source code was published on GitHub under the Apache2 license in March 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_Studio">Google Earth Studio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Google Earth Studio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth Studio is a web-based version of Google Earth used for animations using Google Earth's 3D imagery. As of June 2021, it is preview-only and requires signing up to use it.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It features keyframe animation, presets called "Quick-Start Projects", and 3D camera export.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_9">Google Earth 9</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Google Earth 9"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth 9 is a version of Google Earth first released on April 18, 2017, having been in development for two years.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main feature of this version was the launching of a new web version of Google Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version added the "Voyager" feature, whereby users can view a portal page containing guided tours led by scientists and documentarians.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The version also added an "I'm Feeling Lucky" button, represented by a die, which takes the user to a random location on Earth along with showing them a "Knowledge Card" containing a short excerpt from the location's Wikipedia article.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_Plug-in">Google Earth Plug-in</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Google Earth Plug-in"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Google Earth API was a free beta service, allowing users to place a version of Google Earth into web pages. The API enabled sophisticated 3D map applications to be built.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its unveiling at Google's 2008 I/O developer conference, the company showcased potential applications such as a game where the player controlled a milktruck atop a Google Earth surface.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Google Earth API has been deprecated as of December 15, 2014, and remained supported until December 15, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Chrome ended support for the <a href="/wiki/NPAPI" title="NPAPI">Netscape Plugin API</a> (which the Google Earth API relies on) by the end of 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Google_Earth_VR">Google Earth VR</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Google Earth VR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 16, 2016, Google released a <a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">virtual reality</a> version of Google Earth for <a href="/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation">Valve</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Steam_(service)" title="Steam (service)">Steam</a> computer gaming platform.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth VR allows users to navigate using VR controllers, and is currently compatible with the <a href="/wiki/Oculus_Rift" title="Oculus Rift">Oculus Rift</a> and <a href="/wiki/HTC_Vive" title="HTC Vive">HTC Vive</a> <a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality_headset" title="Virtual reality headset">virtual reality headsets</a>. On September 14, 2017, as part of Google Earth VR's 1.4 update, Google added Street View support.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Google_Earth_Outreach">Google Earth Outreach</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Google Earth Outreach"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Google Earth Outreach</b> is a charity program, through which Google promotes and donates to various non-profit organizations. Beginning in 2007, donations are often accompanied by layers featured in Google Earth, allowing users to view a non-profit's projects and goals by navigating to certain related locations.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Outreach offers online training on using Google Earth and Google Maps for public education on issues affecting local regions or the entire globe. In June 2008, training was given to 20 indigenous tribes in the Amazon rainforest, such as the <a href="/wiki/Paiter" title="Paiter">Suruí</a>, to help them preserve their culture and raise awareness for the problem of deforestation.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Non-profit organizations featured in Google Earth via the Outreach program include <a href="/wiki/Arkive" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkive">Arkive</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Global_Heritage_Fund" title="Global Heritage Fund">Global Heritage Fund</a>, <a href="/wiki/WaterAid" title="WaterAid">WaterAid</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Google_Earth_Engine">Google Earth Engine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Google Earth Engine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flii_globe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flii_globe.png/350px-Flii_globe.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flii_globe.png/525px-Flii_globe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flii_globe.png/700px-Flii_globe.png 2x" data-file-width="1657" data-file-height="832" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a>, created in Google Earth Engine</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Google Earth Engine</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> platform for processing <a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite imagery</a> and other geospatial and observation data. It provides access to a large database of satellite imagery and the computational power needed to analyze those images.<sup id="cite_ref-Timothy_Gardner_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timothy_Gardner-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Engine allows observation of dynamic changes in agriculture, natural resources, and climate using geospatial data from the <a href="/wiki/Landsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Landsat">Landsat</a> satellite program, which <a href="/wiki/Ground_track" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground track">passes over</a> the same places on the Earth every sixteen days.<sup id="cite_ref-googleearthengine_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-googleearthengine-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Engine has become a platform that makes Landsat and Sentinel-2 data easily accessible to researchers in collaboration with the Google Cloud Storage.<sup id="cite_ref-googleearthengine_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-googleearthengine-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth Engine provides a data catalog along with computers for analysis; this allows scientists to collaborate using data, algorithms, and visualizations.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The platform provides Python and JavaScript application programming interfaces for making requests to the servers,<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and includes a graphical user interface<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for developing applications. </p><p>An early prototype of Earth Engine, based on the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Institute for Science's</a> CLASlite system and <a href="/wiki/Imazon" title="Imazon">Imazon</a>'s Sistema de Alerta de Desmatamento (SAD) was demonstrated in 2009<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at <a href="/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference">COP15</a>, and Earth Engine was officially launched in 2010<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference">COP16</a>, along with maps of the water in the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Basin" title="Congo Basin">Congo Basin</a> and forests in Mexico produced by researchers using the tool. </p><p>In 2013, researchers from <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland">University of Maryland</a> produced the first high-resolution global forest cover and loss maps using Earth Engine, reporting an overall loss in global forest cover.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early applications using Earth Engine spanned a diverse variety of topics, including: Tiger Habitat Monitoring,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Malaria Risk Mapping,<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Global Surface Water,<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> increases in vegetation around Mount Everest,<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the annual <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OriginalArticle_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OriginalArticle-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, Earth Engine has been used in the production of hundreds of scientific journal articles<sup id="cite_ref-:4_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in many fields including: forestry and agriculture, hydrology, water quality monitoring and assessment,<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> natural disaster monitoring and assessment, urban mapping, atmospheric and climate sciences and soil mapping.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earth Engine has been free for academic and research purposes since its launch, but commercial use was prohibited until 2021, when Google announced a preview of Earth Engine as a commercial cloud offering and early adopters that included Unilever, USDA and Climate Engine.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy_and_criticism">Controversy and criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Controversy and criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_satellite_map_images_with_missing_or_unclear_data" title="List of satellite map images with missing or unclear data">List of satellite map images with missing or unclear data</a></div> <p>The software has been criticized by a number of <a href="/wiki/Special_interest_group" title="Special interest group">special interest groups</a>, including national officials, as being an <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_privacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of privacy">invasion of privacy</a> or posing a threat to <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">national security</a>. The typical argument is that the software provides information about military or other critical installations that could be used by terrorists. Google Earth has been blocked by Google in Iran<sup id="cite_ref-iranban_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iranban-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Sudan<sup id="cite_ref-sudanban_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sudanban-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since 2007, due to United States government export restrictions. The program has also been blocked in Morocco since 2006 by Maroc Telecom, a major service provider in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Morocco_censorship_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morocco_censorship-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Stables.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/68/Royal_Stables.jpg/220px-Royal_Stables.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/68/Royal_Stables.jpg/330px-Royal_Stables.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/68/Royal_Stables.jpg 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption>Blurred out image of the Royal Stables in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, Netherlands. This has since been lifted.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the academic realm, increasing attention has been devoted to both Google Earth and its place in the development of digital globes. In particular, <i>the International Journal of Digital Earth</i> features multiple articles evaluating and comparing the development of Google Earth and its differences when compared to other professional, scientific, and governmental platforms.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google Earth's role in the expansion of "Earth observing media" has been examined to understand how it is shaping a shared cultural consciousness regarding climate change and humanity's capacity to treat the Earth as an engineerable object.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defense">Defense</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Defense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In 2006, one user spotted a large topographical replica in a remote region of China. The model is a small-scale (1/500) version of the <a href="/wiki/Karakoram" title="Karakoram">Karakoram</a> Mountain Range, which is under the control of China but claimed by India. When later confirmed as a replica of this region, spectators began entertaining military implications.<sup id="cite_ref-SMHChinaModel_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMHChinaModel-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IndianExpressChinaModel_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndianExpressChinaModel-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In July 2007, it was reported that a new <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Chinese Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Jin-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin-class submarine"><i>Jin</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a> <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">ballistic missile</a> <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarine</a> was photographed at the Xiaopingdao Submarine Base south of <a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Martyrs%27_Brigades" title="Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades">al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades</a> have reportedly used Google Earth to plan <a href="/wiki/Qassam_rocket" title="Qassam rocket">Qassam rocket</a> attacks on Israel from Gaza. (See: <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_rocket_attacks_on_Israel" title="Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel">Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On February 13, 2019, 3D imagery was launched in four of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="List of administrative divisions of Taiwan">cities</a>: <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Taipei_City" title="New Taipei City">New Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoyuan,_Taiwan" title="Taoyuan, Taiwan">Taoyuan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taichung" title="Taichung">Taichung</a>. This has caused concerns from Taiwanese officials, such as Taiwan's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Republic_of_China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China)">Defense Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Yen_Teh-fa" title="Yen Teh-fa">Yen Teh-fa</a>, saying that the 3D imagery exposed some of its <a href="/wiki/MIM-104_Patriot" title="MIM-104 Patriot">Patriot</a> missile sites. Ten days later on February 23, Google confirmed that it would be removing all of its 3D imagery from Taiwan.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_security">National security</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: National security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President of India</a> <a href="/wiki/A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam" title="A. P. J. Abdul Kalam">A. P. J. Abdul Kalam</a> expressed concern over the availability of high-resolution pictures of sensitive locations in India.<sup id="cite_ref-IndianPresCrit_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndianPresCrit-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google subsequently agreed to censor such sites.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</a> said Google Earth poses a security threat to India and seeks dialogue with Google officials.<sup id="cite_ref-ISROCrit_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISROCrit-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korean</a> government expressed concern that the software offers images of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_House" title="Blue House">presidential palace</a> and various military installations that could possibly be used by its hostile neighbor <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SouthKoreaGovCrit_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SouthKoreaGovCrit-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2006, Google Earth began offering detailed images of classified areas in Israel. The images showed <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> bases, including secret <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israeli Air Force</a> facilities, Israel's <a href="/wiki/Arrow_(Israeli_missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrow (Israeli missile)">Arrow missile</a> defense system, military headquarters and Defense Ministry compound in <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, a top-secret power station near <a href="/wiki/Ashkelon" title="Ashkelon">Ashkelon</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Negev_Nuclear_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Negev Nuclear Research Center">Negev Nuclear Research Center</a>. Also shown was the alleged headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a>, Israel's foreign intelligence service, whose location is highly classified.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>As a result of pressure from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="United States government">United States government</a>, the residence of the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> at <a href="/wiki/Number_One_Observatory_Circle" title="Number One Observatory Circle">Number One Observatory Circle</a> was obscured through <a href="/wiki/Pixelization" title="Pixelization">pixelization</a> in Google Earth and <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> in 2006, but this restriction has since been lifted. The usefulness of this downgrade is questionable, as high-resolution photos and aerial surveys of the property are readily available on the Internet elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a> also used to be pixelized in this way. The Royal Stables in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, also used to be pixelized. This is also true for airports in Greece.</li> <li>The lone surviving gunman involved in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Mumbai_attacks" title="2008 Mumbai attacks">2008 Mumbai attacks</a> admitted to using Google Earth to familiarise himself with the locations of buildings used in the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Finton" title="Michael Finton">Michael Finton</a>, aka Talib Islam, used Google Earth in planning his attempted September 24, 2009, bombing of the Paul Findley Federal Building and the adjacent offices of Congressman <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Schock" title="Aaron Schock">Aaron Schock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield, Illinois</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_concerns">Other concerns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Other concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Operators of the <a href="/wiki/Open-pool_Australian_lightwater_reactor" title="Open-pool Australian lightwater reactor">Lucas Heights nuclear reactor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, Australia, asked Google to censor high-resolution pictures of the facility.<sup id="cite_ref-ABCAUNukeFears_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABCAUNukeFears-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They later withdrew the request.<sup id="cite_ref-SearchViewsAussieNukeReqDropped_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SearchViewsAussieNukeReqDropped-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2009, Google superimposed old woodblock prints of maps from 18th- and 19th-century Japan over Japan today. These maps marked areas inhabited by the <i><a href="/wiki/Burakumin" title="Burakumin">burakumin</a></i> caste, formerly known as <b>eta</b> (穢多), literally "abundance of defilement", who were considered "non-humans" for their "dirty" occupations, including <a href="/wiki/Leather_tanning" class="mw-redirect" title="Leather tanning">leather tanning</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butchery" class="mw-redirect" title="Butchery">butchery</a>. Descendants of members of the burakumin caste still face discrimination today and many Japanese people feared that some would use these areas, labeled <i>etamura</i> (穢多村 "eta village"), to target current inhabitants of them. These maps are still visible on Google Earth, but with the label removed where necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Late 2000s versions of Google Earth require a software component running in the background that will automatically download and install updates. Several users expressed concerns that there is not an easy way to disable this updater, as it runs without the permission of the user.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In February 2014, the Berlin-based ART+COM charged that Google Earth products infringe U.S. Patent No. RE44,550, entitled "Method and Device for Pictorial Representation of Space-related Data" and had remarkable similarity to <a href="/wiki/Terravision_(computer_program)" title="Terravision (computer program)">Terravision</a> which was developed by ART+COM in 1993 and patented in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-eweek_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eweek-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court decided against Art+Com both at trial<sup id="cite_ref-:2_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on appeal<sup id="cite_ref-:3_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because trial testimony showed that Art+Com was aware of an existing, substantially similar invention that it failed to mention as "prior art" in its patent application, thereby invalidating their patent. Stephen Lau, a former employee of federally funded, not-for-profit Stanford Research Institute ("SRI") testified that he helped develop SRI Terravision, an earth visualization application, and that he wrote 89% of the code. He further testified that he shared and discussed SRI Terravision code with Art+Com. Both systems used a multi-resolution pyramid of imagery to let users zoom from high to low altitudes, and both were called Terravision. Art+Com agreed to rename their product because SRI's came first. Stephen Lau died from COVID-19 in March 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Earth is featured prominently in the 2021 German miniseries <i><a href="/wiki/The_Billion_Dollar_Code" title="The Billion Dollar Code">The Billion Dollar Code</a></i>, which serves as a fictionalized account of a 2014 patent infringement lawsuit brought against Google by the German creators of <a href="/wiki/Terravision_(computer_program)" title="Terravision (computer program)">Terravision</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The series, which was shown on Netflix is prefaced by an episode of interviews with the ART+COM developers of Terravision and their legal representative.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the co-founders of Keyhole has published a first-hand account claiming to debunk the origins, timelines and interpretations depicted in the fictionalized miniseries.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not shown in the mini-series was that the patent owned by ART+COM and used to challenge Google was completely invalidated, after it was shown that another so-called TerraVision, this one at the Stanford Research Institute, predated ART+COM's ideas by several years.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">Elevation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esri" title="Esri">Esri</a>, publisher of ArcGIS Earth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flyover_(Apple_Maps)" title="Flyover (Apple Maps)">Flyover (Apple Maps)</a>, similar 3D feature on <a href="/wiki/Apple_Maps" title="Apple Maps">Apple Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_space_flight_simulation_games" title="List of space flight simulation games">List of space flight simulation games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetarium_software" title="Planetarium software">Planetarium software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_observatory_software" title="List of observatory software">List of observatory software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthophotomap" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthophotomap">Orthophotomap</a>, the type of aerial and satellite imagery present in Google Earth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_globe" title="Virtual globe">Virtual globe</a>, the category of software that includes Google Earth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_mapping" title="Web mapping">Web mapping</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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October 27, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171204171107/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109888284313557107">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Google Earth Help Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927051807/http://earth.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=21422">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dive+into+New+Google+Earth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoogleblog.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F02%2Fdive-into-new-google-earth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Timelapse." <i>Google Earth Engine</i>, earthengine.google.com/timelapse/.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gopal Shah, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suo_aUTUpps">Google Earth's Incredible 3D Imagery, Explained</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611222736/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suo_aUTUpps">Archived</a> June 11, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, April 18, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.googleblog.com/2009/10/introducing-google-building-maker.html">"Introducing Google Building Maker"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819071811/https://maps.googleblog.com/2009/10/introducing-google-building-maker.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Online+gallery+zooms+in+on+Prado%27s+masterpieces+%28even+the+smutty+bits%29&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft.au=Giles+Tremlett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2009%2Fjan%2F14%2Fmuseums-internet-google-earth-prado&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museodelprado.es/en/whats-on/new/14-masterpieces-from-the-museo-del-prado-in/220f2fe9-beec-44a2-afdb-8c67ff37256c">"14 masterpieces from the Museo del Prado in mega-high resolution on Google Earth"</a>. 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July 5, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2019/07/pixar-easter-eggs-hidden-in-google-street-view-imagery-of-toy-story-land-at-disneys-hollywood-studios/">the original</a> on November 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Astronomers+eager+to+add+to+Sky+in+Google+Earth&rft.pub=University+of+California+Berkeley&rft.date=2007-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berkeley.edu%2Fnews%2Fmedia%2Freleases%2F2007%2F09%2F06_GoogleSky.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://googlesystem.blogspot.com/2009/02/chat-with-martian-in-google-earth-5.html">"Chat With a Martian in Google Earth 5"</a>. Googlesystem.blogspot.com. February 3, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119173453/http://googlesystem.blogspot.com/2009/02/chat-with-martian-in-google-earth-5.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chat+With+a+Martian+in+Google+Earth+5&rft.pub=Googlesystem.blogspot.com&rft.date=2009-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgooglesystem.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F02%2Fchat-with-martian-in-google-earth-5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/07/look_at_the_moon_in_google_earth_-.html">"Look at the Moon in Google Earth – Available Now! | Google Earth Blog"</a>. Gearthblog.com. July 20, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180201141207/https://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/07/look_at_the_moon_in_google_earth_-.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Look+at+the+Moon+in+Google+Earth+%E2%80%93+Available+Now%21+%26%23124%3B+Google+Earth+Blog&rft.pub=Gearthblog.com&rft.date=2009-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gearthblog.com%2Fblog%2Farchives%2F2009%2F07%2Flook_at_the_moon_in_google_earth_-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/07/google_earth_event_on_july_20th_in.html">"Google Earth Event on July 20th in DC – Expect the Moon | Google Earth Blog"</a>. Gearthblog.com. July 9, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803163236/https://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/07/google_earth_event_on_july_20th_in.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Earth+Event+on+July+20th+in+DC+%E2%80%93+Expect+the+Moon+%26%23124%3B+Google+Earth+Blog&rft.pub=Gearthblog.com&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gearthblog.com%2Fblog%2Farchives%2F2009%2F07%2Fgoogle_earth_event_on_july_20th_in.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2009/07/fly-yourself-to-moon.html">"Google LatLong: Fly yourself to the moon"</a>. Google-latlong.blogspot.com. July 20, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301162718/http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2009/07/fly-yourself-to-moon.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+LatLong%3A+Fly+yourself+to+the+moon&rft.pub=Google-latlong.blogspot.com&rft.date=2009-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoogle-latlong.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F07%2Ffly-yourself-to-moon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developers.google.com/kml/">"Keyhole Markup Language — Google Developers"</a>. March 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512023723/https://developers.google.com/kml/">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keyhole+Markup+Language+%E2%80%94+Google+Developers&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdevelopers.google.com%2Fkml%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tools.wikimedia.de/~kolossos/world-link.php?lang=en">"Earth"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080404143101/http://tools.wikimedia.de/~kolossos/world-link.php?lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftools.wikimedia.de%2F~kolossos%2Fworld-link.php%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webkuehn.de/hobbys/wikipedia/geokoordinaten/index.htm">"Homepage von Stefan Kühn"</a>. webkuehn.de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309024346/http://www.webkuehn.de/hobbys/wikipedia/geokoordinaten/index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homepage+von+Stefan+K%C3%BChn&rft.pub=webkuehn.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webkuehn.de%2Fhobbys%2Fwikipedia%2Fgeokoordinaten%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2007" class="citation web cs1">Wang, David (February 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://googleblog.blogspot.ca/2007/02/stuck-in-traffic.html">"Stuck in traffic?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170212190835/https://googleblog.blogspot.ca/2007/02/stuck-in-traffic.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stuck+in+traffic%3F&rft.date=2007-02-28&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoogleblog.blogspot.ca%2F2007%2F02%2Fstuck-in-traffic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.google.com/earth/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=148089">"Use Google Earth flight simulator – Google Earth Help"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130528063027/http://support.google.com/earth/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=148089">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Use+Google+Earth+flight+simulator+%E2%80%93+Google+Earth+Help&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.google.com%2Fearth%2Fbin%2Fanswer.py%3Fhl%3Den%26answer%3D148089&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article3250643.ece">Webwise: Google's flight simulator</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i>, January 27, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/08/planes_for_google_earth_flight_simu.html">"Planes For Google Earth Flight Simulator | Google Earth Blog"</a>. Gearthblog.com. August 11, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120930235428/http://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2009/08/planes_for_google_earth_flight_simu.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Planes+For+Google+Earth+Flight+Simulator+%26%23124%3B+Google+Earth+Blog&rft.pub=Gearthblog.com&rft.date=2009-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gearthblog.com%2Fblog%2Farchives%2F2009%2F08%2Fplanes_for_google_earth_flight_simu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170615135618/http://cesiumjs.org/2016/07/12/Moving-GEFS-Online-from-Google-Earth-to-Cesium/">"Moving GEFS Online from Google Earth to Cesium"</a>. <i>Cesium Blog</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cesiumjs.org/2016/07/12/Moving-GEFS-Online-from-Google-Earth-to-Cesium/">the original</a> on June 15, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cesium+Blog&rft.atitle=Moving+GEFS+Online+from+Google+Earth+to+Cesium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcesiumjs.org%2F2016%2F07%2F12%2FMoving-GEFS-Online-from-Google-Earth-to-Cesium%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2010/09/galaxy-of-your-own.html">"A galaxy of your own"</a>. Google-latlong.blogspot.com. September 30, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120330010016/http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2010/09/galaxy-of-your-own.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+galaxy+of+your+own&rft.pub=Google-latlong.blogspot.com&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoogle-latlong.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F09%2Fgalaxy-of-your-own.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/liquid-galaxy/">"Liquid Galaxy wiki on code.google.com"</a>. September 30, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120330013036/http://code.google.com/p/liquid-galaxy/">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liquid+Galaxy+wiki+on+code.google.com&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Fliquid-galaxy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/liquid-galaxy/z0VXsLhimsw">"Peruse-a-Rue: Street View for Liquid Galaxy"</a>. September 3, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20110122130054/https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/liquid-galaxy/z0VXsLhimsw">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peruse-a-Rue%3A+Street+View+for+Liquid+Galaxy&rft.date=2013-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fforum%2F%23%21topic%2Fliquid-galaxy%2Fz0VXsLhimsw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131119072532/http://blog.endpoint.com/2013/11/liquid-galaxy-and-its-very-own-street.html">"Liquid Galaxy and its Very Own Street View App"</a>. November 9, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.endpoint.com/2013/11/liquid-galaxy-and-its-very-own-street.html">the original</a> on November 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Earth+Studio&rft.atitle=FAQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fearth%2Fstudio%2Ffaq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/earth/studio/">"Google Earth Studio"</a>. <i>Google Earth Studio</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125213200/https://www.google.com/earth/studio/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Earth+Studio&rft.atitle=Google+Earth+Studio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fearth%2Fstudio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/maps/n5kxulcQUTM">"Google Groups"</a>. <i>productforums.google.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181203081016/https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/maps/n5kxulcQUTM">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=productforums.google.com&rft.atitle=Google+Groups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fproductforums.google.com%2Fforum%2F%23%21topic%2Fmaps%2Fn5kxulcQUTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2017/04/first-review-new-google-earth.html">"First Review of New Google Earth - Google Earth Blog"</a>. <i>Google Earth Blog</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Google+Earth+Blog&rft.atitle=First+Review+of+New+Google+Earth+-+Google+Earth+Blog&rft.date=2017-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gearthblog.com%2Fblog%2Farchives%2F2017%2F04%2Ffirst-review-new-google-earth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2017/04/google-earth-adds-guided-video-tours-from-bbcs-planet-earth-and-others/">"Google Earth gets a new home on the Web, fancy "guided tour" section"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421135215/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2017/04/google-earth-adds-guided-video-tours-from-bbcs-planet-earth-and-others/">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Google+Earth+gets+a+new+home+on+the+Web%2C+fancy+%22guided+tour%22+section&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2F2017%2F04%2Fgoogle-earth-adds-guided-video-tours-from-bbcs-planet-earth-and-others%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developers.google.com/earth/">"Google Earth API — Google Developers"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chromium+Blog&rft.atitle=Chromium+Blog%3A+Saying+Goodbye+to+Our+Old+Friend+NPAPI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.chromium.org%2F2013%2F09%2Fsaying-goodbye-to-our-old-friend-npapi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vr.google.com/earth/">"Google Earth VR"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171223110252/https://vr.google.com/earth/">Archived</a> from the original on December 23, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Earth+VR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvr.google.com%2Fearth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blog.google/products/google-vr/google-earth-vr-bringing-whole-wide-world-virtual-reality/">"Google Earth VR Bringing the Whole Wide World to Virtual Reality"</a>. November 16, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180104013822/https://www.blog.google/products/google-vr/google-earth-vr-bringing-whole-wide-world-virtual-reality/">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Earth+VR+Bringing+the+Whole+Wide+World+to+Virtual+Reality&rft.date=2016-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blog.google%2Fproducts%2Fgoogle-vr%2Fgoogle-earth-vr-bringing-whole-wide-world-virtual-reality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/14/google-earth-vr-app-gets-support-for-street-view/">"Google Earth VR App Gets Support for Street View"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i>. September 14, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180103193521/https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/14/google-earth-vr-app-gets-support-for-street-view/">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Google+Earth+VR+App+Gets+Support+for+Street+View&rft.date=2017-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2017%2F09%2F14%2Fgoogle-earth-vr-app-gets-support-for-street-view%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earth.google.com/outreach/index.html">"Google Earth Outreach"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120330004916/http://earth.google.com/outreach/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 25, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231114175707/https://ipwatchdog.com/2017/10/25/cafc-affirms-invalidity-geographic-map-visualization-patent-asserted-against-google-earth/id=89554/">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IPWatchdog.com+%7C+Patents+%26+Intellectual+Property+Law&rft.atitle=CAFC+affirms+invalidity+of+geographic+map+visualization+patent+asserted+against+Google+Earth&rft.date=2017-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fipwatchdog.com%2F2017%2F10%2F25%2Fcafc-affirms-invalidity-geographic-map-visualization-patent-asserted-against-google-earth%2Fid%3D89554%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Earth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Earth&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Google_Earth" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Google Earth">Google Earth</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>Map all coordinates using</b> <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=en&article=Google_Earth">OpenStreetMap</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="show links" data-collapsetext="Hide"> <p><b>Download coordinates as:</b> </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?article=Google_Earth">KML</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=all&titles=Google_Earth">GPX (all coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=primary&titles=Google_Earth">GPX (primary coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=secondary&titles=Google_Earth">GPX (secondary coordinates)</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earth.google.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42274#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Google" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_LLC" title="Template:Google LLC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_LLC" title="Template talk:Google LLC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_LLC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google LLC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Google" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Google" title="History of Google">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google" title="List of Android apps by Google">List of Android apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Easter_eggs" title="List of Google Easter eggs">List of Easter eggs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_April_Fools%27_Day_jokes" title="List of Google April Fools' Day jokes">April Fools' Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Alphabet" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet">List of mergers and acquisitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Company" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Company</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads">Ads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_AI" title="Google AI">AI</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Brain" title="Google Brain">Brain</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_DeepMind" title="Google DeepMind">DeepMind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices" title="Booting process of Android devices">booting process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_recovery_mode" title="Android recovery mode">recovery mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_software_development" title="Android software development">software development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_version_history" title="Android version history">version history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_China" title="Google China">China</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Goojje" title="Goojje">Goojje</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Glass" title="Google Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google.org" title="Google.org">Google.org</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Crisis_Response" title="Google Crisis Response">Crisis Response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_Alerts" title="Google Public Alerts">Public Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RechargeIT" title="RechargeIT">RechargeIT</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Health" title="Google Health">Health</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Search</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Google_Search" title="Timeline of Google Search">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Labs" title="Sidewalk Labs">Sidewalk Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Energy" title="Google Energy">Sustainability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_YouTube" title="History of YouTube">History</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Me_at_the_zoo" title="Me at the zoo">Me at the zoo</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_YouTube" title="Social impact of YouTube">Social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber">YouTuber</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Google_employees" title="Category:Google employees">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Bharat" title="Krishna Bharat">Krishna Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Dean" title="Jeff Dean">Jeff Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doerr" title="John Doerr">John Doerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Ghemawat" title="Sanjay Ghemawat">Sanjay Ghemawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urs_H%C3%B6lzle" title="Urs Hölzle">Urs Hölzle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salar_Kamangar" title="Salar Kamangar">Salar Kamangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kurzweil" title="Ray Kurzweil">Ray Kurzweil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Mather" title="Ann Mather">Ann Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Mulally" title="Alan Mulally">Alan Mulally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Osterloh" title="Rick Osterloh">Rick Osterloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundar_Pichai" title="Sundar Pichai">Sundar Pichai</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Porat" title="Ruth Porat">Ruth Porat</a> (CFO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajen_Sheth" title="Rajen Sheth">Rajen Sheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Varian" title="Hal Varian">Hal Varian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Mohan" title="Neal Mohan">Neal Mohan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Bechtolsheim" title="Andy Bechtolsheim">Andy Bechtolsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Sergey Brin</a> (Founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cheriton" title="David Cheriton">David Cheriton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Cutts" title="Matt Cutts">Matt Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Drummond_(businessman)" title="David Drummond (businessman)">David Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Eustace" title="Alan Eustace">Alan Eustace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timnit_Gebru" title="Timnit Gebru">Timnit Gebru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omid_Kordestani" title="Omid Kordestani">Omid Kordestani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Otellini" title="Paul Otellini">Paul Otellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Page" title="Larry Page">Larry Page</a> (Founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Pichette" title="Patrick Pichette">Patrick Pichette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Shriram" title="Ram Shriram">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amit_Singhal" title="Amit Singhal">Amit Singhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_M._Tilghman" title="Shirley M. Tilghman">Shirley M. Tilghman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whetstone" title="Rachel Whetstone">Rachel Whetstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Wojcicki" title="Susan Wojcicki">Susan Wojcicki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Real estate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/111_Eighth_Avenue" title="111 Eighth Avenue">111 Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Androidland" title="Androidland">Androidland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_barges" title="Google barges">Barges</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binoculars_Building" title="Binoculars Building">Binoculars Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Saint_Giles" title="Central Saint Giles">Central Saint Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Market" title="Chelsea Market">Chelsea Market</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Zone" title="Chrome Zone">Chrome Zone</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_data_centers" title="Google data centers">Data centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googleplex" title="Googleplex">Googleplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfield_Mall" title="Mayfield Mall">Mayfield Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_57" title="Pier 57">Pier 57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Toronto" title="Sidewalk Toronto">Sidewalk Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Terminal" title="St. John's Terminal">St. John's Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Space" title="YouTube Space">YouTube Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Theater" title="YouTube Theater">YouTube Theater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Design</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fonts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croscore_fonts" title="Croscore fonts">Croscore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noto_fonts" title="Noto fonts">Noto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_Sans" title="Product Sans">Product Sans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboto" title="Roboto">Roboto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_logo" title="Google logo">Logo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Doodle" title="Google Doodle">Doodle</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Doodle_Champion_Island_Games" title="Doodle Champion Island Games">Doodle Champion Island Games</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magic_Cat_Academy" title="Magic Cat Academy">Magic Cat Academy</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Android <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge" title="Android Developer Challenge">Developer Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Day" title="Android Developer Day">Developer Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab" title="Android Developer Lab">Developer Lab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Code-in" title="Google Code-in">Code-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Code_Jam" title="Google Code Jam">Code Jam</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Developer_Day" title="Google Developer Day">Developer Day</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers_Live" title="Google Developers Live">Developers Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doodle4Google" title="Doodle4Google">Doodle4Google</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G-Day" title="G-Day">G-Day</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">I/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_(company)" title="Jigsaw (company)">Jigsaw</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Living_Stories" title="Living Stories">Living Stories</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Lunar_X_Prize" title="Google Lunar X Prize">Lunar XPRIZE</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Mapathon" title="Google Mapathon">Mapathon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Science_Fair" title="Google Science Fair">Science Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Summer_of_Code" title="Google Summer of Code">Summer of Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talks_at_Google" class="mw-redirect" title="Talks at Google">Talks at Google</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">YouTube</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Awards" title="YouTube Awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN/YouTube_presidential_debates" title="CNN/YouTube presidential debates">CNN/YouTube presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Comedy_Week" title="YouTube Comedy Week">Comedy Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Live" title="YouTube Live">Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Music_Awards" title="YouTube Music Awards">Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Space_Lab" title="YouTube Space Lab">Space Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Symphony_Orchestra" title="YouTube Symphony Orchestra">Symphony Orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects and<br />initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Side_project_time" title="Side project time">20% project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_120" title="Area 120">Area 120</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reply_(Google)" title="Reply (Google)">Reply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tables_(Google)" title="Tables (Google)">Tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_ATAP" title="Google ATAP">ATAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Business_Groups" title="Google Business Groups">Business Groups</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IBM/Google_Cloud_Computing_University_Initiative" title="IBM/Google Cloud Computing University Initiative">Computing University Initiative</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Data_Liberation_Front" title="Google Data Liberation Front">Data Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Transfer_Project" title="Data Transfer Project">Data Transfer Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developer_Expert" title="Google Developer Expert">Developer Expert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Digital_Garage" title="Google Digital Garage">Digital Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_News_Initiative" title="Digital News Initiative">Digital News Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Unlocked" title="Digital Unlocked">Digital Unlocked</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dragonfly_(search_engine)" title="Dragonfly (search engine)">Dragonfly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Founders%27_Award" title="Google Founders' Award">Founders' Award</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Free_Zone" title="Google Free Zone">Free Zone</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Get_Your_Business_Online" title="Google Get Your Business Online">Get Your Business Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_for_Education" title="Google for Education">Google for Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_for_Startups" title="Google for Startups">Google for Startups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Labs" title="Google Labs">Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy" title="Liquid Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made_with_Code" title="Made with Code">Made with Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_M%C4%81ori" title="Google Māori">Māori</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_News_Lab" title="Google News Lab">News Lab</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Nightingale" title="Project Nightingale">Nightingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectives_and_key_results" title="Objectives and key results">Objectives and key results</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_PowerMeter" title="Google PowerMeter">PowerMeter</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_Sandbox" title="Privacy Sandbox">Privacy Sandbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_Artificial_Intelligence_Lab" title="Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab">Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RechargeIT" title="RechargeIT">RechargeIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Shield" title="Project Shield">Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Silicon_Initiative" title="Google Silicon Initiative">Silicon Initiative</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solve_for_X" title="Solve for X">Solve for X</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Starline" title="Project Starline">Starline</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Student_Ambassador_Program" title="Google Student Ambassador Program">Student Ambassador Program</a></i></li> <li>Submarine communications cables <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunant_(submarine_communications_cable)" title="Dunant (submarine communications cable)">Dunant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper_(submarine_communications_cable)" title="Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable)">Grace Hopper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Sunroof" title="Project Sunroof">Sunroof</a></li> <li>YouTube <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Creator_Awards" title="YouTube Creator Awards">Creator Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Next_Lab_and_Audience_Development_Group" title="YouTube Next Lab and Audience Development Group">Next Lab and Audience Development Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Original_Channel_Initiative" title="YouTube Original Channel Initiative">Original Channel Initiative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Zero" title="Project Zero">Zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Google" title="Criticism of Google">Criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Google_data_breach" title="2018 Google data breach">2018 data breach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Google_walkouts" title="2018 Google walkouts">2018 walkouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Workers_Union" title="Alphabet Workers Union">Alphabet Workers Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_Google" title="Censorship by Google">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeGoogle" title="DeGoogle">DeGoogle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dragonfly_(search_engine)" title="Dragonfly (search engine)">Dragonfly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FairSearch" title="FairSearch">FairSearch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%27s_Ideological_Echo_Chamber" title="Google's Ideological Echo Chamber">"Ideological Echo Chamber" memo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Litigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Google" title="Privacy concerns with Google">Privacy concerns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_privacy_concerns" title="Google Street View privacy concerns">Street View</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_tech_bus_protests" title="San Francisco tech bus protests">San Francisco tech bus protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_services_outages" title="Google services outages">Services outages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">Smartphone patent wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_worker_organization" title="Google worker organization">Worker organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Google#YouTube" title="Criticism of Google">YouTube</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Korean_YouTube_backdoor_advertising_controversy" title="2020 Korean YouTube backdoor advertising controversy">Back advertisement controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_Google#YouTube" title="Censorship by Google">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_copyright_issues" title="YouTube copyright issues">Copyright issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_copyright_strike" title="YouTube copyright strike">Copyright strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsagate" title="Elsagate">Elsagate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Adventures_scandal" title="Fantastic Adventures scandal">Fantastic Adventures scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_headquarters_shooting" title="YouTube headquarters shooting">Headquarters shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Kohistan_video_case" title="2012 Kohistan video case">Kohistan video case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Innocence_of_Muslims" title="Reactions to Innocence of Muslims">Reactions to <i>Innocence of Muslims</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Slovenian_YouTube_incident" title="2011 Slovenian YouTube incident">Slovenian government incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Development" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers" title="Google Developers">Development</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operating systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Automotive" title="Android Automotive">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_OS" title="Glass OS">Glass OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLinux" title="GLinux">gLinux</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goobuntu" title="Goobuntu">Goobuntu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Android_Things" title="Android Things">Things</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neverware" title="Neverware">Neverware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuchsia_(operating_system)" title="Fuchsia (operating system)">Fuchsia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_TV_(operating_system)" title="Google TV (operating system)">TV</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries/<br />frameworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALTS" title="ALTS">ALTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Mobile_Pages" title="Accelerated Mobile Pages">AMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angular_(web_framework)" title="Angular (web framework)">Angular</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/AngularJS" title="AngularJS">JS</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARCore" title="ARCore">ARCore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_APIs" title="Google APIs">APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockly" title="Blockly">Blockly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chart_API" title="Google Chart API">Chart API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Charts" title="Google Charts">Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogflow" title="Dialogflow">Dialogflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_Notification" title="Exposure Notification">Exposure Notification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Pair" title="Fast Pair">Fast Pair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Learning_of_Cohorts" title="Federated Learning of Cohorts">Federated Learning of Cohorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_File_System" title="Google File System">File System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlatBuffers" title="FlatBuffers">FlatBuffers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flutter_(software)" title="Flutter (software)">Flutter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gears_(software)" title="Gears (software)">Gears</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRPC" title="GRPC">gRPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gson" title="Gson">Gson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Guava" title="Google Guava">Guava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Guice" title="Google Guice">Guice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guetzli" title="Guetzli">Guetzli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_JAX" title="Google JAX">JAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GVisor" title="GVisor">gVisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MapReduce" title="MapReduce">MapReduce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_(standard)" title="Matter (standard)">Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services" title="Google Mobile Services">Mobile Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation" title="Google Neural Machine Translation">Neural Machine Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSocial" title="OpenSocial">OpenSocial</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Pack" title="Google Pack">Pack</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymer_(library)" title="Polymer (library)">Polymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Buffers" title="Protocol Buffers">Protocol Buffers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reqwireless" title="Reqwireless">Reqwireless</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Shell" title="Google Shell">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine" title="Skia Graphics Engine">Skia Graphics Engine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tango_(platform)" title="Tango (platform)">Tango</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TensorFlow" title="TensorFlow">TensorFlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Test" title="Google Test">Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveNet" title="WaveNet">WaveNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weave_(protocol)" title="Weave (protocol)">Weave</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Accelerator" title="Google Web Accelerator">Web Accelerator</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Platforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Engine" title="Google App Engine">App Engine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/AppJet" title="AppJet">AppJet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Apps_Script" title="Google Apps Script">Apps Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Cloud Platform</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anvato" title="Anvato">Anvato</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase" title="Firebase">Firebase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging" title="Firebase Cloud Messaging">Cloud Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crashlytics" title="Crashlytics">Crashlytics</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Global_IP_Solutions" title="Global IP Solutions">Global IP Solutions</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec" title="Internet Low Bitrate Codec">Internet Low Bitrate Codec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec" title="Internet Speech Audio Codec">Internet Speech Audio Codec</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gridcentric,_Inc." title="Gridcentric, Inc.">Gridcentric, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITA_Software" title="ITA Software">ITA Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LevelDB" title="LevelDB">LevelDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neatx" title="Neatx">Neatx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_IDX" title="Project IDX">Project IDX</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SageTV" title="SageTV">SageTV</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Apigee" title="Apigee">Apigee</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bigtable" title="Bigtable">Bigtable</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bitium" title="Bitium">Bitium</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronicle_Security" title="Chronicle Security">Chronicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VirusTotal" title="VirusTotal">VirusTotal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Compute_Engine" title="Google Compute Engine">Compute Engine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Connect" title="Google Cloud Connect">Connect</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Dataflow" title="Google Cloud Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Datastore" title="Google Cloud Datastore">Datastore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaggle" title="Kaggle">Kaggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looker_(company)" title="Looker (company)">Looker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandiant" title="Mandiant">Mandiant</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging" title="Google Cloud Messaging">Messaging</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbitera" title="Orbitera">Orbitera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Shell" title="Google Cloud Shell">Shell</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stackdriver" title="Stackdriver">Stackdriver</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Storage" title="Google Cloud Storage">Storage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Fuzzy_Lop_(software)" title="American Fuzzy Lop (software)">American Fuzzy Lop</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Android_Cloud_to_Device_Messaging" title="Android Cloud to Device Messaging">Android Cloud to Device Messaging</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge" title="Android Debug Bridge">Android Debug Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Studio" title="Android Studio">Android Studio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Maker" title="Google App Maker">App Maker</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Runtime_for_Chrome" title="Google App Runtime for Chrome">App Runtime for Chrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppSheet" title="AppSheet">AppSheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazel_(software)" title="Bazel (software)">Bazel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_Frame" title="Google Chrome Frame">Chrome Frame</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Closure_Tools" title="Google Closure Tools">Closure Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cpplint" title="Cpplint">Cpplint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Data_Protocol" title="Google Data Protocol">Data Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Gadgets" title="Google Gadgets">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_(software)" title="Gerrit (software)">Gerrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYP_(software)" title="GYP (software)">GYP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Kythe" title="Google Kythe">Kythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lighthouse" title="Google Lighthouse">Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_App_Inventor" title="MIT App Inventor">MIT App Inventor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Mashup_Editor" title="Google Mashup Editor">Mashup Editor</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Native_Client" title="Google Native Client">Native Client</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Optimize" title="Google Optimize">Optimize</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenRefine" title="OpenRefine">OpenRefine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OR-Tools" title="OR-Tools">OR-Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_PageSpeed_Tools" title="Google PageSpeed Tools">PageSpeed</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Plugin_for_Eclipse" title="Google Plugin for Eclipse">Plugin for Eclipse</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Programmable_Search_Engine" title="Google Programmable Search Engine">Programmable Search Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_DNS" title="Google Public DNS">Public DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReCAPTCHA" title="ReCAPTCHA">reCAPTCHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schema.org" title="Schema.org">Schema.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search_Console" title="Google Search Console">Search Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitemaps" title="Sitemaps">Sitemaps</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Swiffy" title="Google Swiffy">Swiffy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesseract_(software)" title="Tesseract (software)">Tesseract (software)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trendalyzer" title="Trendalyzer">Trendalyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisBug" title="VisBug">VisBug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wave_Federation_Protocol" title="Google Wave Federation Protocol">Wave Federation Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit" title="Google Web Toolkit">Web Toolkit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search algorithms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Hummingbird" title="Google Hummingbird">Hummingbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PageRank" title="PageRank">PageRank</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_matrix" title="Google matrix">Matrix</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Panda" title="Google Panda">Panda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Penguin" title="Google Penguin">Penguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pigeon" title="Google Pigeon">Pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RankBrain" title="RankBrain">RankBrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BERT_(language_model)" title="BERT (language model)">BERT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BigQuery" title="BigQuery">BigQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_Experiments" title="Google Chrome Experiments">Chrome Experiments</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flutter_(American_company)" title="Flutter (American company)">Flutter</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(language_model)" title="Gemini (language model)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlebot" title="Googlebot">Googlebot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" title="Keyhole Markup Language">Keyhole Markup Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaMDA" title="LaMDA">LaMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Location_Code" title="Open Location Code">Open Location Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PaLM" title="PaLM">PaLM</a></li> <li>Programming languages <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caja_project" title="Caja project">Caja</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_(programming_language)" title="Carbon (programming language)">Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)" title="Dart (programming language)">Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sawzall_(programming_language)" title="Sawzall (programming language)">Sawzall</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning_architecture)" title="Transformer (deep learning architecture)">Transformer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viewdle" title="Viewdle">Viewdle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webdriver_Torso" title="Webdriver Torso">Webdriver Torso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Server" title="Google Web Server">Web Server</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_App_Bundle" title="Android App Bundle">AAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apk_(file_format)" title="Apk (file format)">APK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">On2 Technologies</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP8" title="VP8">VP8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libvpx" title="Libvpx">libvpx</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Open_Font_Format" title="Web Open Font Format">WOFF2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Products" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_products" title="List of Google products">Products</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Currents_(news_app)" title="Google Currents (news app)">Currents (news app)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Throttle_Games" title="Green Throttle Games">Green Throttle Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owlchemy_Labs" title="Owlchemy Labs">Owlchemy Labs</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oyster_(company)" title="Oyster (company)">Oyster</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PaperofRecord.com" title="PaperofRecord.com">PaperofRecord.com</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Podcasts" title="Google Podcasts">Podcasts</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick,_Draw!" title="Quick, Draw!">Quick, Draw!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Santa_Tracker" title="Google Santa Tracker">Santa Tracker</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Songza" title="Songza">Songza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Stadia" title="Google Stadia">Stadia</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stadia_games" title="List of Stadia games">games</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Studios" title="Typhoon Studios">Typhoon Studios</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_TV_(service)" title="Google TV (service)">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vevo" title="Vevo">Vevo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Video" title="Google Video">Video</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Play</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Books" title="Google Play Books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Games" title="Google Play Games">Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-downloaded_Google_Play_applications" title="List of most-downloaded Google Play applications">most downloaded apps</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Music" title="Google Play Music">Music</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Newsstand" title="Google Play Newsstand">Newsstand</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Pass" title="Google Play Pass">Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Services" title="Google Play Services">Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BandPage" title="BandPage">BandPage</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_BrandConnect" title="YouTube BrandConnect">BrandConnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Content_ID" title="Content ID">Content ID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Instant" title="YouTube Instant">Instant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Kids" title="YouTube Kids">Kids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Music" title="YouTube Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_(YouTube_channel)" title="YouTube (YouTube channel)">Official channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Premium" title="YouTube Premium">Premium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_YouTube_Premium_original_programming" title="List of YouTube Premium original programming">original programming</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Rewind" title="YouTube Rewind">YouTube Rewind</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RightsFlow" title="RightsFlow">RightsFlow</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Select" title="YouTube Select">Select</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Shorts" title="YouTube Shorts">Shorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Studio" title="YouTube Studio">Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_TV" title="YouTube TV">TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Allo" title="Google Allo">Allo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bump_(application)" title="Bump (application)">Bump</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Buzz" title="Google Buzz">Buzz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chat" title="Google Chat">Chat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Contacts" title="Google Contacts">Contacts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Currents_(social_app)" title="Google Currents (social app)">Currents (social app)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dodgeball_(service)" title="Dodgeball (service)">Dodgeball</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Duo" title="Google Duo">Duo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fi_Wireless" title="Google Fi Wireless">Fi Wireless</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Friend_Connect" title="Google Friend Connect">Friend Connect</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gizmo5" title="Gizmo5">Gizmo5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google%2B" title="Google+">Google+</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmail" title="Gmail">Gmail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gmail" title="History of Gmail">History</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inbox_by_Gmail" title="Inbox by Gmail">Inbox</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmail_interface" title="Gmail interface">Interface</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Groups" title="Google Groups">Groups</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Hangouts" title="Google Hangouts">Hangouts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Helpouts" title="Google Helpouts">Helpouts</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_IME" title="Google IME">IME</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Japanese_Input" title="Google Japanese Input">Japanese</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Pinyin" title="Google Pinyin">Pinyin</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jaiku" title="Jaiku">Jaiku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marratech" title="Marratech">Marratech</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meebo" title="Meebo">Meebo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Meet" title="Google Meet">Meet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Messages" title="Google Messages">Messages</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Moderator" title="Google Moderator">Moderator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neotonic_Software" title="Neotonic Software">Neotonic Software</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orkut" title="Orkut">Orkut</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Postini" title="Postini">Postini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quest_Visual" title="Quest Visual">Quest Visual</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Word_Lens" title="Word Lens">Word Lens</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Schemer" title="Google Schemer">Schemer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Spaces" title="Google Spaces">Spaces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sparrow_(email_client)" title="Sparrow (email client)">Sparrow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Talk" title="Google Talk">Talk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Translate" title="Google Translate">Translate</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Translator_Toolkit" title="Google Translator Toolkit">Translator Toolkit</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Voice" title="Google Voice">Voice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/GOOG-411" title="GOOG-411">Voice Local Search</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Wave" title="Google Wave">Wave</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Search</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aardvark_(search_engine)" title="Aardvark (search engine)">Aardvark</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Alerts" title="Google Alerts">Alerts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Answers" title="Google Answers">Answers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Base" title="Google Base">Base</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BeatThatQuote.com" title="BeatThatQuote.com">BeatThatQuote.com</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Blog_Search" title="Google Blog Search">Blog Search</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books_Ngram_Viewer" title="Google Books Ngram Viewer">Ngram Viewer</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Code_Search" title="Google Code Search">Code Search</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Commons" title="Data Commons">Data Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dataset_Search" title="Google Dataset Search">Dataset Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dictionary" title="Google Dictionary">Dictionary</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Directory" title="Google Directory">Directory</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Fast_Flip" title="Google Fast Flip">Fast Flip</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Flu_Trends" title="Google Flu Trends">Flu Trends</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Finance" title="Google Finance">Finance</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Goggles" title="Google Goggles">Goggles</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google.by" title="Google.by">Google.by</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Images" title="Google Images">Images</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Image_Labeler" title="Google Image Labeler">Image Labeler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Image_Swirl" title="Google Image Swirl">Image Swirl</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaltix" title="Kaltix">Kaltix</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Knowledge_Graph" title="Google Knowledge Graph">Knowledge Graph</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Freebase_(database)" title="Freebase (database)">Freebase</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metaweb" title="Metaweb">Metaweb</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Like.com" title="Like.com">Like.com</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">News</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_News_Archive" title="Google News Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_News_%26_Weather" title="Google News & Weather">Weather</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Patents" title="Google Patents">Patents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Cards" title="People Cards">People Cards</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Personalized_Search" title="Google Personalized Search">Personalized Search</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_Data_Explorer" title="Google Public Data Explorer">Public Data Explorer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Questions_and_Answers" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Questions and Answers">Questions and Answers</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SafeSearch" title="SafeSearch">SafeSearch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Scholar</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_SearchWiki" title="Google SearchWiki">Searchwiki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Shopping" title="Google Shopping">Shopping</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Catalogs" title="Google Catalogs">Catalogs</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Express" title="Google Express">Express</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Squared" title="Google Squared">Squared</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_(website)" title="Tenor (website)">Tenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Travel" title="Google Travel">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Flights" title="Google Flights">Flights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Trends" title="Google Trends">Trends</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Insights_for_Search" title="Google Insights for Search">Insights for Search</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Voice_Search" title="Google Voice Search">Voice Search</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WDYL_(search_engine)" title="WDYL (search engine)">WDYL</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endoxon" title="Endoxon">Endoxon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ImageAmerica" title="ImageAmerica">ImageAmerica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Maps</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Latitude" title="Google Latitude">Latitude</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Map_Maker" title="Google Map Maker">Map Maker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Navigation" title="Google Maps Navigation">Navigation</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_pin" title="Google Maps pin">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_coverage" title="Google Street View coverage">Coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_View_Trusted" title="Street View Trusted">Trusted</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waze" title="Waze">Waze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Where_Is_My_Train" title="Where Is My Train">Where Is My Train</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business<br />and finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ad_Manager" title="Google Ad Manager">Ad Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AdMob" title="AdMob">AdMob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads">Ads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adscape" title="Adscape">Adscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_AdSense" title="Google AdSense">AdSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Attribution" title="Google Attribution">Attribution</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BebaPay" title="BebaPay">BebaPay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Checkout" title="Google Checkout">Checkout</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Contributor" title="Google Contributor">Contributor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Affiliate_Network" title="Google Affiliate Network">Affiliate Network</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invite_Media" title="Invite Media">Invite Media</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Marketing Platform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Analytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looker_Studio" title="Looker Studio">Looker Studio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urchin_(software)" title="Urchin (software)">Urchin</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_(mobile_app)" title="Google Pay (mobile app)">Pay (mobile app)</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wallet" title="Google Wallet">Wallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_(payment_method)" title="Google Pay (payment method)">Pay (payment method)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_Send" title="Google Pay Send">Send</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tez_(software)" title="Tez (software)">Tez</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PostRank" title="PostRank">PostRank</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Primer" title="Google Primer">Primer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Softcard" title="Softcard">Softcard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_Interactive" title="Wildfire Interactive">Wildfire Interactive</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widevine" title="Widevine">Widevine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization<br />and productivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Bookmarks" title="Google Bookmarks">Bookmarks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Browser_Sync" title="Google Browser Sync">Browser Sync</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Calendar" title="Google Calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Search" title="Google Cloud Search">Cloud Search</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Desktop" title="Google Desktop">Desktop</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etherpad" title="Etherpad">Etherpad</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fflick" title="Fflick">fflick</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Files_(Google)" title="Files (Google)">Files</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IGoogle" title="IGoogle">iGoogle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jamboard" title="Jamboard">Jamboard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Notebook" title="Google Notebook">Notebook</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NotebookLM" title="NotebookLM">NotebookLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_One" title="Google One">One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Photos" title="Google Photos">Photos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quickoffice" title="Quickoffice">Quickoffice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Quick_Search_Box" title="Google Quick Search Box">Quick Search Box</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Surveys" title="Google Surveys">Surveys</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Sync" title="Google Sync">Sync</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Tasks" title="Google Tasks">Tasks</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Toolbar" title="Google Toolbar">Toolbar</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Docs_Editors" title="Google Docs Editors">Docs Editors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Docs" title="Google Docs">Docs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drawings" title="Google Drawings">Drawings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Forms" title="Google Forms">Forms</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Fusion_Tables" title="Google Fusion Tables">Fusion Tables</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Keep" title="Google Keep">Keep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sheets" title="Google Sheets">Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Slides" title="Google Slides">Slides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sites" title="Google Sites">Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Vids" title="Google Vids">Vids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apture" title="Apture">Apture</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blogger_(service)" title="Blogger (service)">Blogger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyra_Labs" title="Pyra Labs">Pyra Labs</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Domains" title="Google Domains">Domains</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeedBurner" title="FeedBurner">FeedBurner</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_One_Pass" title="Google One Pass">One Pass</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Page_Creator" title="Google Page Creator">Page Creator</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sites" title="Google Sites">Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Designer" title="Google Web Designer">Web Designer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Classroom" title="Google Classroom">Classroom</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper_(mobile_app)" title="Grasshopper (mobile app)">Grasshopper</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socratic_(Google)" title="Socratic (Google)">Socratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photomath" title="Photomath">Photomath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Read_Along" title="Read Along">Read Along</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toontastic_3D" title="Toontastic 3D">Toontastic 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace" title="Google Workspace">Workspace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace_Marketplace" title="Google Workspace Marketplace">Marketplace</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Account" title="Google Account">Account</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dashboard" title="Google Dashboard">Dashboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Takeout" title="Google Takeout">Takeout</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Auto" title="Android Auto">Android Auto</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Android_Beam" title="Android Beam">Android Beam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Arts_%26_Culture" title="Google Arts & Culture">Arts & Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Assistant" title="Google Assistant">Assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Authenticator" title="Google Authenticator">Authenticator</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ZygoteBody" title="ZygoteBody">Body</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BufferBox" title="BufferBox">BufferBox</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Building_Maker" title="Google Building Maker">Building Maker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BumpTop" title="BumpTop">BumpTop</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cast" title="Google Cast">Cast</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Print" title="Google Cloud Print">Cloud Print</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdsource_(app)" title="Crowdsource (app)">Crowdsource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Wellbeing" title="Digital Wellbeing">Digital Wellbeing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Expeditions" title="Google Expeditions">Expeditions</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Family_Link" title="Google Family Link">Family Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Find_My_Device" title="Find My Device">Find My Device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fit" title="Google Fit">Fit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fonts" title="Google Fonts">Google Fonts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gboard" title="Gboard">Gboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(chatbot)" title="Gemini (chatbot)">Gemini</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Gesture_Search" title="Google Gesture Search">Gesture Search</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impermium" title="Impermium">Impermium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knol" title="Knol">Knol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Lively" title="Google Lively">Lively</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Transcribe" title="Live Transcribe">Live Transcribe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MyTracks" title="MyTracks">MyTracks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nearby_Share" title="Nearby Share">Nearby Share</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Now" title="Google Now">Now</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Offers" title="Google Offers">Offers</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Opinion_Rewards" title="Google Opinion Rewards">Opinion Rewards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Person_Finder" title="Google Person Finder">Person Finder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poly_(website)" title="Poly (website)">Poly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Question_Hub" title="Google Question Hub">Question Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_Share" title="Quick Share">Quick Share</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Reader" title="Google Reader">Reader</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Safe_Browsing" title="Google Safe Browsing">Safe Browsing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Sidewiki" title="Google Sidewiki">Sidewiki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SlickLogin" title="SlickLogin">SlickLogin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_Amplifier" title="Sound Amplifier">Sound Amplifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis" title="Speech Recognition & Synthesis">Speech Recognition & Synthesis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Station" title="Google Station">Station</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Store" title="Google Store">Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkBack" title="TalkBack">TalkBack</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tilt_Brush" title="Tilt Brush">Tilt Brush</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_URL_Shortener" title="Google URL Shortener">URL Shortener</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_Access" title="Voice Access">Voice Access</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wavii" title="Wavii">Wavii</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Light" title="Google Web Light">Web Light</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_WiFi" title="Google WiFi">WiFi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_App" title="Google Chrome App">Apps</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Game" title="Dinosaur Game">Dinosaur Game</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/GreenBorder" title="GreenBorder">GreenBorder</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Remote_Desktop" title="Chrome Remote Desktop">Remote Desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Web_Store" title="Chrome Web Store">Web Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V8_(JavaScript_engine)" title="V8 (JavaScript engine)">V8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Images and<br />photography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Camera" title="Pixel Camera">Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lens" title="Google Lens">Lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapseed" title="Snapseed">Snapseed</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nik_Software" title="Nik Software">Nik Software</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panoramio" title="Panoramio">Panoramio</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Photos" title="Google Photos">Photos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picasa" title="Picasa">Picasa</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Picasa_Web_Albums" title="Picasa Web Albums">Web Albums</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picnik" title="Picnik">Picnik</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hardware" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hardware</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Smartphones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Android_Dev_Phone" title="Android Dev Phone">Android Dev Phone</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_One" title="Android One">Android One</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">Nexus One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus" title="Galaxy Nexus">Galaxy Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_4" title="Nexus 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6" title="Nexus 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5X" title="Nexus 5X">5X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6P" title="Nexus 6P">6P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_smartphones" title="Comparison of Google Nexus smartphones">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_(1st_generation)" title="Pixel (1st generation)">Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_2" title="Pixel 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3" title="Pixel 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3a" title="Pixel 3a">3a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4" title="Pixel 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4a" title="Pixel 4a">4a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5" title="Pixel 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5a" title="Pixel 5a">5a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6" title="Pixel 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6a" title="Pixel 6a">6a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7" title="Pixel 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7a" title="Pixel 7a">7a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Fold" title="Pixel Fold">Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8a" title="Pixel 8a">8a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9" title="Pixel 9">Pixel 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold" title="Pixel 9 Pro Fold">Pixel 9 Pro Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Pixel_smartphones" title="Comparison of Google Pixel smartphones">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices" title="List of Google Play edition devices">Play Edition</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Project_Ara" title="Project Ara">Project Ara</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laptops and tablets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebook" title="Chromebook">Chromebook</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012)" title="Nexus 7 (2012)">7 (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2013)" title="Nexus 7 (2013)">7 (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_10" title="Nexus 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_9" title="Nexus 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_tablets" title="Comparison of Google Nexus tablets">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebook_Pixel" title="Chromebook Pixel">Chromebook Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelbook" title="Pixelbook">Pixelbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelbook_Go" title="Pixelbook Go">Pixelbook Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_C" title="Pixel C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Slate" title="Pixel Slate">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Tablet" title="Pixel Tablet">Tablet</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wearables</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fitbit" title="Fitbit">Fitbit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Fitbit_products" title="List of Fitbit products">List of products</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Buds" title="Pixel Buds">Pixel Buds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch" title="Pixel Watch">Pixel Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch_2" title="Pixel Watch 2">Pixel Watch 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch_3" title="Pixel Watch 3">Pixel Watch 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Iris" title="Project Iris">Project Iris</a> (unreleased)</li> <li>Virtual reality <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Cardboard" title="Google Cardboard">Cardboard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Contact_Lens" title="Google Contact Lens">Contact Lens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Daydream</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Glass" title="Google Glass">Glass</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebit" title="Chromebit">Chromebit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromebox" title="Chromebox">Chromebox</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Clips" title="Google Clips">Clips</a></i></li> <li>Digital media players <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Player" title="Nexus Player">Nexus Player</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Q" title="Nexus Q">Nexus Q</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dropcam" title="Dropcam">Dropcam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy" title="Liquid Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nest" title="Google Nest">Nest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nest_(smart_speakers)" title="Google Nest (smart speakers)">Smart Speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nest_Thermostat" title="Nest Thermostat">Thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nest_Wifi" title="Nest Wifi">Wifi</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_OnHub" title="Google OnHub">OnHub</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Visual_Core" title="Pixel Visual Core">Pixel Visual Core</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Search_Appliance" title="Google Search Appliance">Search Appliance</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore_processor" title="Sycamore processor">Sycamore processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Tensor" title="Google Tensor">Tensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensor_Processing_Unit" title="Tensor Processing Unit">Tensor Processing Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_Security_Key" title="Titan Security Key">Titan Security Key</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_litigation" title="Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_litigation" title="Template talk:Google litigation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_litigation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Litigation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Litigation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advertising</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Feldman_v._Google,_Inc." title="Feldman v. Google, Inc.">Feldman v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc." title="Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.">Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc." title="Goddard v. Google, Inc.">Goddard v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_Stone_Ltd._v._Google,_Inc." title="Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.">Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc." title="Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.">Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedi_Blue" title="Jedi Blue">Jedi Blue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antitrust</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antitrust_cases_against_Google_by_the_European_Union" title="Antitrust cases against Google by the European Union">European Union</a> (2010–present)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation" title="High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation">United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Umar_Javeed,_Sukarma_Thapar,_Aaqib_Javeed_vs._Google_LLC_and_Ors." title="Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.">Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2020)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2020)">United States v. Google LLC</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2023)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2023)">United States v. Google LLC</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intellectual property</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc." title="Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.">Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.</a> and A9.com Inc. and Google Inc.</i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viacom_International_Inc._v._YouTube,_Inc." title="Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.">Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lenz_v._Universal_Music_Corp." title="Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.">Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.</a></i>(2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._Google,_Inc." title="Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.">Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Field_v._Google,_Inc." title="Field v. Google, Inc.">Field v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">Smartphone patent wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Bank_v._Google,_Inc." title="Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.">Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hibnick_v._Google,_Inc." title="Hibnick v. Google, Inc.">Hibnick v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_Inc." title="United States v. Google Inc.">United States v. Google Inc.</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_the_German_Federal_Court_of_Justice_on_Google%27s_autocomplete_function" title="Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function">Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function</a> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joffe_v._Google,_Inc." title="Joffe v. Google, Inc.">Joffe v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mosley_v_SARL_Google" title="Mosley v SARL Google">Mosley v SARL Google</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González">Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frank_v._Gaos" title="Frank v. Gaos">Frank v. Gaos</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Garcia_v._Google,_Inc." title="Garcia v. Google, Inc.">Garcia v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v_Defteros" title="Google LLC v Defteros">Google LLC v Defteros</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google" title="Epic Games v. Google">Epic Games v. Google</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonzalez_v._Google_LLC" title="Gonzalez v. Google LLC">Gonzalez v. Google LLC</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Google_litigation" title="Category:Google litigation">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_be_evil" title="Don't be evil">Don't be evil</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayglers" title="Gayglers">Gayglers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_(verb)" title="Google (verb)">Google (verb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_bombing" title="Google bombing">Google bombing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_Google_bombs_in_the_2004_U.S._presidential_election" title="Political Google bombs in the 2004 U.S. presidential election">2004 U.S. presidential election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_effect" title="Google effect">Google effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlefight" title="Googlefight">Googlefight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_hacking" title="Google hacking">Google hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googleshare" title="Googleshare">Googleshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_tax" title="Google tax">Google tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlewhack" title="Googlewhack">Googlewhack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlization" title="Googlization">Googlization</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Illegal_flower_tribute" title="Illegal flower tribute">Illegal flower tribute</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">Rooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_engine_manipulation_effect" title="Search engine manipulation effect">Search engine manipulation effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitelink" title="Sitelink">Sitelink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site_reliability_engineering" title="Site reliability engineering">Site reliability engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_poop" title="YouTube poop">YouTube poop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Documentary_films_about_Google" title="Category:Documentary films about Google">Documentaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_(film)" title="AlphaGo (film)">AlphaGo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Behind_the_Screen" title="Google Behind the Screen">Google: Behind the Screen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Road_Trip" title="Google Maps Road Trip">Google Maps Road Trip</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_and_the_World_Brain" title="Google and the World Brain">Google and the World Brain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Creepy_Line" title="The Creepy Line">The Creepy Line</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Google" title="Category:Books about Google">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Hacks" title="Google Hacks">Google Hacks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Google_Story" title="The Google Story">The Google Story</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Volume_One" title="Google Volume One">Google Volume One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Googled:_The_End_of_the_World_as_We_Know_It" title="Googled: The End of the World as We Know It">Googled: The End of the World as We Know It</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_Google_Works" title="How Google Works">How Google Works</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Feeling_Lucky_(book)" title="I'm Feeling Lucky (book)">I'm Feeling Lucky</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Plex" title="In the Plex">In the Plex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Google_Book" title="The Google Book">The Google Book</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_MANIAC" title="The MANIAC">The MANIAC</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Feud" title="Google Feud">Google Feud</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(film)" title="Google Me (film)"><i>Google Me</i> (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(Kim_Zolciak_song)" title="Google Me (Kim Zolciak song)">"Google Me" (Kim Zolciak song)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(Teyana_Taylor_song)" title="Google Me (Teyana Taylor song)">"Google Me" (Teyana Taylor song)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Is_Google_Making_Us_Stupid%3F" title="Is Google Making Us Stupid?">Is Google Making Us Stupid?</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proceratium_google" title="Proceratium google">Proceratium google</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matt_Nathanson:_Live_at_Google" title="Matt Nathanson: Live at Google">Matt Nathanson: Live at Google</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Billion_Dollar_Code" title="The Billion Dollar Code">The Billion Dollar Code</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Internship" title="The Internship">The Internship</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Where_on_Google_Earth_is_Carmen_Sandiego%3F" title="Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?">Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Attention_Is_All_You_Need" title="Attention Is All You Need">Attention Is All You Need</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElgooG" title="ElgooG">elgooG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predictions_of_the_end_of_Google" title="Predictions of the end of Google">Predictions of the end</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Registry" title="Google Registry">Registry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.app_(top-level_domain)" title=".app (top-level domain)">.app (top-level domain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.dev" title=".dev">.dev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.co" title="G.co">g.co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.google" title=".google">.google</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimp_My_Search" title="Pimp My Search">Pimp My Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia" title="Relationship between Google and Wikipedia">Relationship with Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensorvault" title="Sensorvault">Sensorvault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Digital_Library_Project" title="Stanford Digital Library Project">Stanford Digital Library Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_products#Discontinued_products_and_services" title="List of Google products">discontinued products or services</a>.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Google" title="Category:Google">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Google" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Google">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Google" title="Outline of Google">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Project page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/16px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/23px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/31px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Google" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Google">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Google_Maps" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vevent mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_Maps_navbox" title="Template:Google Maps navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_Maps_navbox" title="Template talk:Google Maps navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_Maps_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google Maps navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Google_Maps" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waze" title="Waze">Waze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Arts_%26_Culture" title="Google Arts & Culture">Arts & Culture</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Discontinued" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Latitude" title="Google Latitude">Latitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Navigation" title="Google Maps Navigation">Maps Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Map_Maker" title="Google Map Maker">Map Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mapathon" title="Google Mapathon">Mapathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Maps_icon_(2020).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="link = Google Maps"><img alt="link = Google Maps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg/50px-Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg/75px-Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg/100px-Google_Maps_icon_%282020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="734" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Views and mapping sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Coverage" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_coverage" title="Google Street View coverage">Coverage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Africa" title="Google Street View in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Antarctica" title="Google Street View in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Asia" title="Google Street View in Asia">Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Israel" title="Google Street View in Israel">Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Europe" title="Google Street View in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_North_America" title="Google Street View in North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Canada" title="Google Street View in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_the_United_States" title="Google Street View in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Oceania" title="Google Street View in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_South_America" title="Google Street View in South America">South America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Argentina" title="Google Street View in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Chile" title="Google Street View in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Colombia" title="Google Street View in Colombia">Colombia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_privacy_concerns" title="Google Street View privacy concerns">Privacy concerns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_street_view_services" title="List of street view services">Competing products</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historypin" title="Historypin">Historypin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_pin" title="Google Maps pin">Google Maps pin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Road_Trip" title="Google Maps Road Trip">Google Maps Road Trip</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argleton" title="Argleton">Argleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Android" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Android_(operating_system)" title="Template:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Android_(operating_system)" title="Template talk:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Android_(operating_system)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Android" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Android Go</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products" title="Comparison of Android Go products">Comparison of products</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_software_development" title="Android software development">Software <br /> development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_tool" title="Programming tool">Development tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_SDK" title="Android SDK">Software development kit</a> (SDK) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge" title="Android Debug Bridge">Android Debug Bridge</a> (ADB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastboot" title="Fastboot">Fastboot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_App_Bundle" title="Android App Bundle">Android App Bundle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apk_(file_format)" title="Apk (file format)">Android application package</a> (APK)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bionic_(software)" title="Bionic (software)">Bionic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalvik_(software)" title="Dalvik (software)">Dalvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase" title="Firebase">Firebase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging" title="Google Cloud Messaging">Google Cloud Messaging</a> (GCM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging" title="Firebase Cloud Messaging">Firebase Cloud Messaging</a> (FCM)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services" title="Google Mobile Services">Google Mobile Services</a> (GMS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_NDK" title="Android NDK">Native development kit</a> (NDK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Open_Accessory_Development_Kit" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Open Accessory Development Kit">Open accessory development kit</a> (OADK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RenderScript" title="RenderScript">RenderScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine" title="Skia Graphics Engine">Skia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AdMob" title="AdMob">AdMob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font" title="Font">Fonts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Droid_(typeface)" title="Droid (typeface)">Droid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboto" title="Roboto">Roboto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noto_fonts" title="Noto fonts">Noto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers" title="Google Developers">Google Developers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenBinder" title="OpenBinder">OpenBinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Harmony" title="Apache Harmony">Apache Harmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenJDK" title="OpenJDK">OpenJDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradle" title="Gradle">Gradle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Integrated<br />development<br />environments</a> (IDE)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Studio" title="Android Studio">Android Studio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IntelliJ_IDEA" title="IntelliJ IDEA">IntelliJ IDEA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(software)" title="Eclipse (software)">Eclipse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(software)#Android_Development_Tools" title="Eclipse (software)">Android Development Tools</a> (ADT)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/App_Inventor_for_Android" class="mw-redirect" title="App Inventor for Android">App Inventor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">databases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language)" title="Kotlin (programming language)">Kotlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">Virtual reality</a> (VR)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cardboard" title="Google Cardboard">Cardboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Daydream</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events, <a href="/wiki/Community_of_practice" title="Community of practice">communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge" title="Android Developer Challenge">Developer Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab" title="Android Developer Lab">Developer Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Open_Source_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Open Source Project">Android Open Source Project</a> (AOSP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_version_history" title="Android version history">Releases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Cupcake" title="Android Cupcake">Cupcake (1.5)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Donut" title="Android Donut">Donut (1.6)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Eclair" title="Android Eclair">Eclair (2.0–2.1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Froyo" title="Android Froyo">Froyo (2.2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Gingerbread" title="Android Gingerbread">Gingerbread (2.3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Honeycomb" title="Android Honeycomb">Honeycomb (3.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" title="Android Ice Cream Sandwich">Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean" title="Android Jelly Bean">Jelly Bean (4.1–4.3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_KitKat" title="Android KitKat">KitKat (4.4)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Lollipop" title="Android Lollipop">Lollipop (5.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Marshmallow" title="Android Marshmallow">Marshmallow (6.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Nougat (7.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Oreo" title="Android Oreo">Oreo (8.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Pie" title="Android Pie">Pie (9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_11" title="Android 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_12" title="Android 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_13" title="Android 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_14" title="Android 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_15" title="Android 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_16" title="Android 16">16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Automotive" title="Android Automotive">Android Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Things" title="Android Things">Android Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_TV_devices" title="List of Android TV devices">devices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_C" title="Pixel C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_(1st_generation)" title="Pixel (1st generation)">Pixel & Pixel XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_2" title="Pixel 2">2 & 2 XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3" title="Pixel 3">3 & 3 XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3a" title="Pixel 3a">3a & 3a XL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4" title="Pixel 4">4 & 4 XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4a" title="Pixel 4a">4a & 4a (5G)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5" title="Pixel 5">5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5a" title="Pixel 5a">5a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6" title="Pixel 6">6 & 6 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6a" title="Pixel 6a">6a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7" title="Pixel 7">7 & 7 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7a" title="Pixel 7a">7a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Fold" title="Pixel Fold">Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Tablet" title="Pixel Tablet">Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">8 & 8 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8a" title="Pixel 8a">8a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">9, 9 Pro & 9 Pro XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold" title="Pixel 9 Pro Fold">9 Pro Fold</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus" title="Galaxy Nexus">Galaxy Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_4" title="Nexus 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_10" title="Nexus 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Q" title="Nexus Q">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5X" title="Nexus 5X">5X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6" title="Nexus 6">6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6P" title="Nexus 6P">6P</a></li></ul></li> <li>7 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012)" title="Nexus 7 (2012)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2013)" title="Nexus 7 (2013)">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_9" title="Nexus 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Player" title="Nexus Player">Player</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices" title="List of Google Play edition devices">Play edition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTC_One_(M7)" title="HTC One (M7)">HTC One (M7)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTC_One_(M8)" title="HTC One (M8)">HTC One (M8)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_G_Pad_8.3" title="LG G Pad 8.3">LG G Pad 8.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moto_G_(1st_generation)" title="Moto G (1st generation)">Moto G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S4" title="Samsung Galaxy S4">Samsung Galaxy S4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Xperia_Z_Ultra" title="Sony Xperia Z Ultra">Sony Xperia Z Ultra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_One" title="Android One">Android One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_smartphones" title="List of Android smartphones">other smartphones</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">Custom <br /> distributions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AliOS" title="AliOS">AliOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOKP" title="AOKP">AOKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu_Yi" title="Baidu Yi">Baidu Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook" title="Barnes & Noble Nook">Barnes & Noble Nook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Realme" title="Realme">realme UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CopperheadOS" title="CopperheadOS">CopperheadOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honor_(brand)" title="Honor (brand)">Magic UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizu#Flyme" title="Meizu">Flyme OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi_HyperOS" title="Xiaomi HyperOS">Xiaomi HyperOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIUI" title="MIUI">MIUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POCO_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="POCO (company)">MIUI for POCO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeWa_OS" title="LeWa OS">LeWa OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//e/_(operating_system)" title="/e/ (operating system)">/e/</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_NetHunter" title="Kali NetHunter">Kali NetHunter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Horizon_OS" title="Meta Horizon OS">Meta Horizon OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroG" title="MicroG">MicroG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_X_family#Nokia_X_software_platform" title="Nokia X family">Nokia X software platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPhone" title="OPhone">OPhone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OxygenOS" title="OxygenOS">OxygenOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_(Pixel_Launcher)" title="Google Pixel">Pixel UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SlimRoms" title="SlimRoms">SlimRoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL_Technology" title="TCL Technology">TCL UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_for_Android" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu for Android">Ubuntu for Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XobotOS" title="XobotOS">XobotOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenovo_smartphones" title="Lenovo smartphones">ZUI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Booting and<br />recovery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices" title="Booting process of Android devices">Booting process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_recovery_mode" title="Android recovery mode">Recovery mode</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TWRP_(software)" title="TWRP (software)">TWRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClockworkMod" title="ClockworkMod">ClockworkMod</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastboot" title="Fastboot">Fastboot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Services" title="Google Play Services">Google Play Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SafetyNet_API" title="SafetyNet API">SafetyNet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">UIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asus_ZenUI" class="mw-redirect" title="Asus ZenUI">Asus ZenUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizu#Flyme" title="Meizu">Flyme OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hive_UI" title="Hive UI">XOLO Hive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTC_Sense" title="HTC Sense">HTC Sense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_UX" title="LG UX">LG UX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optimus_UI" title="Optimus UI">Optimus UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoblur" title="Motoblur">Motoblur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_UI" title="One UI">One UI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Experience" title="Samsung Experience">Experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TouchWiz" title="TouchWiz">TouchWiz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OxygenOS" title="OxygenOS">OxygenOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_(Pixel_Launcher)" title="Google Pixel">Pixel UI</a></li> <li>Xperia UI</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">Rooting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SuperSU" title="SuperSU">SuperSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisk_(software)" title="Magisk (software)">Magisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingo_Root" title="Kingo Root">Kingo Root</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">Custom distributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_in_Android" title="List of features in Android">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_Android_applications" title="List of free and open-source Android applications">Free and open-source applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google" title="List of Android apps by Google">Google apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_launchers" title="List of Android launchers">Launchers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Android_OS_articles" title="Index of Android OS articles">Index of articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androidland" title="Androidland">Androidland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_Android_API" title="Comparison of Java and Android API">Java vs. Android API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_lawn_statues" title="Android lawn statues">Lawn statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlueStacks" title="BlueStacks">BlueStacks</a></li> <li>Legal issues <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google v. Oracle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">smartphone patent wars</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Android_(operating_system)_development_software" title="Category:Android (operating system) development software">Category:Android development</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_telecommunications" title="Category:Mobile telecommunications">Category:Mobile telecommunications</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Software">Software portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Astronomy_software" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomy_software" title="Template:Astronomy software"><abbr title="View this 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(software)">Stellarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldWide_Telescope" title="WorldWide Telescope">WorldWide Telescope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Freeware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mars" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Mars">Google Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Moon" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Moon">Google Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sky" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Sky">Google Sky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proprietary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Engine">Space Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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atmosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troposphere" title="Troposphere">Troposphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratosphere" title="Stratosphere">Stratosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesosphere" title="Mesosphere">Mesosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermosphere" title="Thermosphere">Thermosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exosphere" title="Exosphere">Exosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather" title="Weather">Weather</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">Climate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_system" title="Climate system">Climate system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_energy_budget" title="Earth's energy budget">Energy balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_variability_and_change" title="Climate variability and change">Climate variability and change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climatology" title="Climatology">Climatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoclimatology" title="Paleoclimatology">Paleoclimatology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earth_in_culture" title="Earth in culture">Culture and society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">List of sovereign states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_in_culture" title="Earth in culture">In culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Day" title="Earth Day">Earth Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Earth" title="Flag of Earth">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_symbol" title="Earth symbol">Symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_economy" title="World economy">World economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth#Etymology" title="Earth">Etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_history" title="Human history">World history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World" title="World">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">Biome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosphere" title="Biosphere">Biosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogeochemical_cycle" title="Biogeochemical cycle">Biogeochemical cycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">Ecosystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_impact_on_the_environment" title="Human impact on the environment">Human impact on the environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_life" title="History of life">Evolutionary history of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geodesy" title="Geodesy">Geodesy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartography" title="Cartography">Cartography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_cartography" title="Computer cartography">Computer cartography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_orbit" title="Earth's orbit">Earth's orbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geodetic_astronomy" title="Geodetic astronomy">Geodetic astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geomatics" title="Geomatics">Geomatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth" title="Gravity of Earth">Gravity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Sensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Sensing">Remote Sensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geopositioning" title="Geopositioning">Geopositioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_globe" title="Virtual globe">Virtual globe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geophysics" title="Geophysics">Geophysics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_structure_of_Earth" title="Internal structure of Earth">Earth structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geophysical_fluid_dynamics" title="Geophysical fluid dynamics">Fluid dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_magnetic_field" title="Earth's magnetic field">Geomagnetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere" title="Magnetosphere">Magnetosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_physics" title="Mineral physics">Mineral physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismology" title="Seismology">Seismology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Plate tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_processing" title="Signal processing">Signal processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geophysical_imaging" title="Geophysical imaging">Tomography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">Geology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Earth" title="Age of Earth">Age of Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science">Earth science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremes_on_Earth" title="Extremes on Earth">Extremes on Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_Earth" title="Future of Earth">Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Geological history of Earth">Geological history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geologic_time_scale" title="Geologic time scale">Geologic time scale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geologic_record" title="Geologic record">Geologic record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Earth" title="History of Earth">History of Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Oceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography">Oceanography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Planetary_science" title="Planetary science">Planetary science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">The Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">Evolution of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_solar_terrestrial_planets" title="Geology of solar terrestrial planets">Geology of solar terrestrial planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_of_Earth" title="Location of Earth">Location in the Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Earth" title="Category:Earth">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/19px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/29px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/16px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/25px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/33px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span 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