La p茅n茅tration 茅trang猫re dans le commerce fran莽ais (Foreign penetration of french retailing market)

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Leurs succ猫s proviennent soit de l'exportation de produits sp茅cifiques et de m茅thodes nouvelles, soit au contraire d'une internationalisation des go没ts et des techniques. Certaines firmes ont pris pied sur le march茅 tr猫s rapidement ; d'autres ont 茅chou茅." lang="fr" /> <meta name="DC.description" content="Abstract. - Though foreign firms still occupied a secondary position on the French retailing market their importance has increased since the 1970'. Their success comes from the exportation of specific goods and of new methods, or on the contrary from the globalization of tastes and techniques. 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src="https://www.persee.fr/renderIssueCoverThumbnail/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1.jpg" title="Couverture fascicule"/></root></a><div id="doc-header"> <h2 itemprop="name headline"> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">La p茅n茅tration 茅trang猫re dans le commerce fran莽ais (<i>Foreign penetration of french retailing market</i>)</root></h2> <h4 class="document-type"> [article]</h4> <div class="contrib-group"> <div class="contributors"> <span itemprop="creator" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" class="authority-reference"> <a href="https://www.persee.fr/authority/395014" title="Informations sur cette personne" class="left-picto" itemprop="url"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/sem-link-2.png" alt="sem-link" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/sem-link-alt-2.png" alt="sem-link" class="hover-alt"></span> <span itemprop="name" class="name"> J. Soumagne</span></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="document-bib-ref"> <span class="collection" itemprop="isPartOf" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWorkSeries"> <a itemprop="url" href="https://www.persee.fr/collection/bagf"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Bulletin de l'Association de G茅ographes Fran莽ais</root></a></span> <span class="documentYear"> Ann茅e 2000</span> <span class="documentIssueName" itemprop="isPartOf" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/PublicationIssue"> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.persee.fr/issue/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1?sectionId=bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">77-1</root></a><link itemprop="url" content="https://www.persee.fr/issue/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1"/> </span> <span class="documentPageRange" itemprop="pagination"> pp. 74-83</span> </div> <div class="thematic-issue"> Fait partie d'un num茅ro th茅matique : <a href="https://www.persee.fr/issue/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1?sectionId=bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">L'eau dans les milieux arides et semi-arides. La mondialisation de la distribution</root></a></div> </div> <div class="document-details"> <ul class="document-details-headers"> <li> <a data-ref="#doc-abstract"> R茅sum茅s</a> </li> <li> <a data-ref="#doc-cite"> R茅f茅rence bibliographique</a> </li> </ul> <div class="document-details-content" style="display: none"> <li> <div id="doc-abstract" data-ajax-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/abstract/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151"></div> </li> <div id="doc-cite"> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Soumagne Jean. La p茅n茅tration 茅trang猫re dans le commerce fran莽ais (<i>Foreign penetration of french retailing market</i>). In: <i>Bulletin de l'Association de g茅ographes fran莽ais</i>, 77e ann茅e, 2000-1 ( mars). L'eau dans les milieux arides et semi-arides. La mondialisation de la distribution, sous la direction de Brigitte Coque et Alain Metton. pp. 74-83.</root></p> <p class="doi"> DOI : <a href="https://doi.org/10.3406/bagf.2000.2151" target="_blank"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">https://doi.org/10.3406/bagf.2000.2151</root></a></p> <p> <a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">www.persee.fr/doc/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151</root></a></p> <ul class="export-bib-refs"> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.persee.fr/docAsBibTex/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151.bib" target="_blank"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">BibTex</root></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.persee.fr/docAsRefworks/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151.txt" target="_blank"><root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">RefWorks</root></a></li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.persee.fr/docAsRIS/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151.ris" 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<div class="content" style="width: 710px; height: 1121px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1166" data-height="1842"> <img src="https://www.persee.fr/renderPage/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0074_0000_710.jpg" alt="Page 74"/></div> <div class="text" itemprop="articleBody"> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Bull. Assoc. G茅ogr. Franc., 2000 - 1</root></p> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">J. SOUMAGNE* LA P脡N脡TRATION 脡TRANG脠RE DANS LE COMMERCE FRAN脟AIS</root></p> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">(FOREIGN PENETRATION OF FRENCH RETAILING MARKET)</root></p> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">L'entr茅e de la France dans la 芦globalisation禄 commerciale n'est pas un ph茅nom猫ne tr猫s ancien: il d茅marre en fait dans les ann茅es soixante, augmente durant la d茅cennie suivante et s'amplifie nettement depuis les ann茅es 1980. Jusque-l脿, on relevait essentiellement des implantations des soci茅t茅s automobiles europ茅ennes, nord-am茅ricaines, asiatiques et quelques prises de contr么le au coup par coup dans d'autres cat茅gories commerciales. Avec l'ouverture compl猫te ou l'abaissement sensible des barri猫res douani猫res, la donne change tant pour les firmes nationales que pour les partenaires et concurrents 茅trangers. En fait, la p茅n茅tration 茅trang猫re dans le paysage commercial fran莽ais est all茅e de pair avec la mondialisation des entreprises fran莽aises.</root></p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><h3>Pourquoi l'internalisation ?</h3></root><p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Trois facteurs concomitants ont 茅t茅 d茅cisifs dans cette 茅volution.</root></p> <p> <root xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Il s'agit tout d'abord de l'ouverture europ茅nne qui a facilit茅 les investissements crois茅s, l'interp茅n茅tration culturelle, la circulation des 芦concepts commerciaux禄 et des produits.</root></p> <div class="note biography"> <p>* Professeur 脿 l'Universit茅 de Poitiers, Equipe I.T.E.E.M. </p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0075_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0075_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwNzVfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA3NV8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; 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height: 1122px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1173" data-height="1854"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0077_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0077_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwNzdfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA3N18wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1126px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1166" data-height="1850"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0078_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0078_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwNzhfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA3OF8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1126px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1166" data-height="1850"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0079_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0079_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwNzlfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA3OV8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1125px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1168" data-height="1851"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0080_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0080_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwODBfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA4MF8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1125px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1167" data-height="1850"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0081_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0081_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwODFfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA4MV8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1126px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1167" data-height="1851"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0082_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0082_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwODJfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA4Ml8wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1121px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1174" data-height="1855"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> <div class="page" id="bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0083_0000" data-display-mode="image" data-content-url="https://www.persee.fr/doc/page/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151/bagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_T1_0083_0000" data-id="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL2RvYy9wYWdlL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfMjE1MS9iYWdmXzAwMDQtNTMyMl8yMDAwX251bV83N18xX1QxXzAwODNfMDAwMA==" data-rotation="0" data-rotation-vote="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGVyc2VlLmZyL3BhZ2VSb3RhdGlvblZvdGUvYmFnZl8wMDA0LTUzMjJfMjAwMF9udW1fNzdfMV8yMTUxL2JhZ2ZfMDAwNC01MzIyXzIwMDBfbnVtXzc3XzFfVDFfMDA4M18wMDAw"> <div class="controls"> <span title="Rotation vers la gauche" class="rotate-left"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-ccw" class="hover-alt"></span></span> <span title="Rotation vers la droite" class="rotate-right"><span class="picto"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-base"><img src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw-alt-3.png" alt="doc-ctrl/page/rotate-cw" class="hover-alt"></span></span></div> <div class="content to-load" style="width: 710px; height: 1125px;"> <div class="image" data-width="1167" data-height="1850"></div> <div class="text"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script> grecaptcha.ready(function () { grecaptcha.execute({action: "portal/doc/display"}); }); function submitDownloadPdf(token) { document.getElementById("pdf-download-form").submit(); document.getElementById("pdf-download-captcha").className = ""; grecaptcha.reset(); } function pdfDownloadAction() { document.getElementById("pdf-download-captcha").className = "visible"; grecaptcha.execute({action: "portal/doc/pdf"}) .then(submitDownloadPdf); } </script>  <script> AUI().use( "aui-node", function (A) { var restrictedContainer = A.one("#restricted-content-container"); if (restrictedContainer != null) { var restrictedMoreLink = restrictedContainer.one( "#restricted-content-more-info-toggler"); var restrictedContent = restrictedContainer.one( "#restricted-content-more-info-content"); restrictedContent.hide(); restrictedMoreLink.on("click", function () { restrictedContent.toggle(); }); restrictedContent.on("click", function () { restrictedContent.hide(); }); } } ); </script>  <script> AUI().use( "aui-tabview", "aui-io-request", function (A) { A.all(".document-details").each(function (containerNode) { var content = containerNode.one(".document-details-content"); var tabView = new A.TabView({ srcNode: containerNode, type: 'pills' }); tabView.render(); var hideTab = function (tabHeader) { tabHeader.removeClass("active"); content.hide(); tabHeader.once("click", function () { tabHeader.addClass("active"); content.show(); }); } tabView.on("selectedChange", function (event) { content.show(); }); containerNode.all(".document-details-headers li").each(function (headerNode) { headerNode.on("click", function () { if (headerNode.hasClass("active")) { hideTab(headerNode); } }); headerNode.once("click", function () { loadDocumentDetail(A, containerNode.one(headerNode.one("a").getAttribute("data-ref"))); }); }); hideTab(tabView.getActiveTab()); }); } ); function loadDocumentDetail(A, contentContainer, url) { if (url == null) { var url = contentContainer.getAttribute("data-ajax-url"); } if (url == null || url == "") { return; } A.io.request(url, { dataType: "html", method: "GET", on: { start: function () { contentContainer.setHTML('<img class="loading-image htmx-indicator" src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/progress_bar/loading_animation.gif" alt="Chargement...">'); }, success: function () { var data = this.get("responseData"); contentContainer.setHTML(data); setupAbstractSwitcher(A, contentContainer); }, failure: function () { contentContainer.setHTML("erreur"); } } }); } function setupAbstractSwitcher(A, contentContainer) { var choiceContainer = contentContainer.one(".doc-abstract-lang-choice"); if (choiceContainer != null) { choiceContainer.all(".lang-choice").each(function (choiceNode) { var url = choiceNode.getAttribute("data-url"); choiceNode.once("click", function () { loadDocumentDetail(A, contentContainer, url); }); }); } } </script>  <script> // Correction du modulo Number.prototype.mod = function (n) { return ((this % n) + n) % n; } var ocrWarning = null; var ocrWarningHidden = false; function showOcrWarning() { if (!ocrWarningHidden) { ocrWarning.set("visible", true); } } function hideOcrWarning() { ocrWarningHidden = true; ocrWarning.set("visible", false); } AUI().use( "aui-node", "aui-popover", function (A) { var globalZoomInNode = A.one(".global-zoom-in"); if (globalZoomInNode != null) { globalZoomInNode.on("click", function () { zoomIn(); showZoomButtons(A); A.all("#page-container .content").addClass("to-load"); loadNearScreen(A); }); } var globalZoomOutNode = A.one(".global-zoom-out"); if (globalZoomOutNode != null) { globalZoomOutNode.on("click", function () { zoomOut(); showZoomButtons(A); A.all("#page-container .content").addClass("to-load"); loadNearScreen(A); }); } var globalDisplayImageNode = A.one(".global-display-image"); if (globalDisplayImageNode != null) { ocrWarning = new A.Popover({ align: { node: globalDisplayImageNode, points: [A.WidgetPositionAlign.LC, A.WidgetPositionAlign.RC] }, bodyContent: "Ce texte est issu d'un traitement automatique (ocr) et n'a pas 茅t茅 revu ou corrig茅.", position: "right", visible: false, cssClass: "alert" }).render(); ocrWarning.on("click", function () { hideOcrWarning(); }); globalDisplayImageNode.on("click", function () { pageContainer = A.one("#page-container"); pageContainer.setAttribute("data-display-mode", "image"); applyGlobalDisplayMode(pageContainer); showZoomButtons(A); loadNearScreen(A); ocrWarning.set("visible", false); }); globalDisplayImageNode.hide(); } var globalDisplayTextNode = A.one(".global-display-text"); if (globalDisplayTextNode != null) { globalDisplayTextNode.on("click", function () { pageContainer = A.one("#page-container"); pageContainer.setAttribute("data-display-mode", "text"); applyGlobalDisplayMode(pageContainer); hideZoomButtons(A); loadNearScreen(A); showOcrWarning(); }); if (ocrWarning != null) { globalDisplayTextNode.once('click', function () { showOcrWarning(); }); } } var globalFullWidthNode = A.one(".global-full-width"); if (globalFullWidthNode != null) { globalFullWidthNode.on("click", function () { toggleBookmarkBar(A); loadNearScreen(A); }); } var resetDisplayNode = A.one(".global-reset-display"); if (resetDisplayNode != null) { resetDisplayNode.on("click", function () { resetDisplay(A); }); } A.all("#page-container .content .text").hide(); A.all(".rotate-left").each(function (node) { node.on("click", function () { var controlsNode = node.ancestor(); var pageNode = controlsNode.ancestor(); rotateLeft(A, pageNode); }); }); A.all(".rotate-right").each(function (node) { node.on("click", function () { var controlsNode = node.ancestor(); var pageNode = controlsNode.ancestor(); rotateRight(A, pageNode); }); }); } ); function applyGlobalDisplayMode(pageContainer, page) { if (pageContainer == null) { pageContainer = A.one("#page-container"); } var mode = pageContainer.getAttribute("data-display-mode"); var globalControls = pageContainer.one("#global-controls"); var pages; if (page == null) { pages = pageContainer.all(".page"); } else { pages = pageContainer.all("#" + page.get("id")); } if (mode == "text") { if (globalControls != null) { globalControls.one(".global-display-text").hide(); globalControls.one(".global-display-image").show(); } pages.each(function (pageNode) { var controls = pageNode.one(".controls"); if (controls != null) { controls.one(".rotate-left").hide(); controls.one(".rotate-right").hide(); } var content = pageNode.one(".content"); var text = content.one(".text"); if (text != null) { text.show(); } content.one(".image").hide(); setContentAttributes(pageNode); }); } else if (mode == "image") { if (globalControls != null) { globalControls.one(".global-display-text").show(); globalControls.one(".global-display-image").hide(); } pages.each(function (pageNode) { var controls = pageNode.one(".controls"); if (controls != null) { controls.one(".rotate-left").show(); controls.one(".rotate-right").show(); } var content = pageNode.one(".content"); var text = content.one(".text"); if (text != null) { text.hide(); } content.one(".image").show(); setContentAttributes(pageNode); }); } } function showZoomButtons(A) { var zoomInControl = A.one(".global-zoom-in"); var zoomOutControl = A.one(".global-zoom-out"); if (getZoomLevel() >= maxZoom) { zoomInControl.hide(); } else { zoomInControl.show(); } if (getZoomLevel() <= minZoom) { zoomOutControl.hide(); } else { zoomOutControl.show(); } } function hideZoomButtons(A) { A.one(".global-zoom-in").hide(); A.one(".global-zoom-out").hide(); } </script>  <script> var zoomLevels = [500, 650, 710, 800, 950, 1100]; var defaultZoomPosition = 2; var minZoom = 0 - defaultZoomPosition; // permet d'aller 1 cran plus loin que la taille de zoomLevels // le cran suppl茅mentaire repr茅sente la taille originale var maxZoom = zoomLevels.length - defaultZoomPosition; var currentZoomLevel = 0; function getZoomLevel() { if (currentZoomLevel < minZoom) { return minZoom; } if (currentZoomLevel > maxZoom) { return maxZoom; } return currentZoomLevel; } function setZoomLevel(newZoom) { if (newZoom < minZoom) { newZoom = minZoom; } if (newZoom > maxZoom) { newZoom = maxZoom; } currentZoomLevel = newZoom; } function getZoomWidth(pageNode) { if (getZoomLevel() == maxZoom) { return pageNode.one(".image").getAttribute("data-width"); } else { return zoomLevels[getZoomLevel() + defaultZoomPosition]; } } function zoomIn() { setZoomLevel(getZoomLevel() + 1); } function zoomOut() { setZoomLevel(getZoomLevel() - 1); } function getRotation(pageNode) { return Number(pageNode.getAttribute("data-rotation")); } function setRotation(pageNode, newRotation) { pageNode.setAttribute("data-rotation", newRotation); } function rotateLeft(A, pageNode) { rotateTo(pageNode, getRotation(pageNode) - 1); rotationVote(A, pageNode); } function rotateRight(A, pageNode) { rotateTo(pageNode, getRotation(pageNode) + 1); rotationVote(A, pageNode); } function rotateTo(pageNode, newRotation) { setRotation(pageNode, newRotation); applyRotation(pageNode); setContentAttributes(pageNode); } function rotationVote(A, pageNode) { var rotation = getRotation(pageNode); var rotationVoteUrl = atob(pageNode.getAttribute("data-rotation-vote")) + "/" + rotation.mod(4); A.io.request(rotationVoteUrl); } function applyRotation(pageNode) { var rotation = getRotation(pageNode); var imageNode = pageNode.one(".image"); var width = parseInt(imageNode.getAttribute("data-width")); var height = parseInt(imageNode.getAttribute("data-height")); var zoomWidth = getZoomWidth(pageNode); var zoomHeight = height * zoomWidth / width; var transX = 0; var transY = 0; var r = rotation.mod(4); if (r == 1) { transY = -1; } else if (r == 2) { transX = -1; transY = -1; } else if (r == 3) { transX = -1; } imageNode.setStyle("transform-origin", "0 0 0"); imageNode.setStyle("transform", "rotate(" + (rotation * 90) + "deg) translate(" + (transX * zoomWidth) + "px, " + (transY * zoomHeight) + "px)"); imageNode.all(".figure").each(function (figureNode) { figureNode.setAttribute("href", putRotationInUrl(figureNode.getAttribute("href"), rotation)); }); } function putRotationInUrl(url, rotation) { url = url.replace(/\?rotate=-?\d+$/, ""); var r = rotation.mod(4); if (r.mod(4) != 0) { url += "?rotate=" + r; } return url; } function resetDisplay(A) { hideOcrWarning(); ocrWarningHidden = false; setZoomLevel(0); showZoomButtons(A); rotations = {}; A.one("#page-container").setAttribute("data-display-mode", "image"); A.all("#page-container .page .content").each(function (contentNode) { setContentAttributes(contentNode.ancestor()); contentNode.addClass("to-load"); }); showBookmarkBar(A); loadNearScreen(A); } function loadPage(A, pageNode, altUrl) { var contentNode = pageNode.one(".content"); if (contentNode.hasClass("blank")) { contentNode.removeClass("to-load"); applyGlobalDisplayMode(pageNode.ancestor(), pageNode); } else { var controlsNode = pageNode.one(".controls"); var imageNode = contentNode.one(".image"); var requestUrl = altUrl != null ? altUrl : pageNode.getAttribute("data-content-url"); requestUrl += "/" + getZoomWidth(pageNode); if (currentQuery != null) { requestUrl += "?q=" + currentQuery; } A.io.request(requestUrl, { dataType: "html", method: "GET", on: { start: function () { contentNode.removeClass("to-load"); contentNode.addClass("loading"); contentNode.append('<img class="loading-image htmx-indicator" src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/images/progress_bar/loading_animation.gif" alt="Chargement...">'); }, success: function () { var data = this.get("responseData"); contentNode.setHTML(data); applyGlobalDisplayMode(pageNode.ancestor(), pageNode); imageNode = contentNode.one(".image"); placeHighlights(imageNode); placeFigures(imageNode); rotateTo(pageNode, getRotation(pageNode)); contentNode.removeClass("loading"); }, failure: function () { if (altUrl != null) { contentNode.setHTML("<p>erreur</p>"); contentNode.removeClass("loading"); contentNode.addClass("to-load"); } else { loadPage(A, pageNode, atob(pageNode.getAttribute("data-id"))); } } } }); } } function placeHighlights(imageNode) { imageNode.all(".highlight").each(function (highlightNode) { placeFromData(highlightNode); highlightNode.setStyle("backgroundColor", highlightNode.getAttribute("data-color")); }); } function placeFigures(imageNode) { imageNode.all(".figure").each(function (figureNode) { placeFromData(figureNode); }); imageNode.all(".restricted-area").each(function (figureNode) { placeFromData(figureNode); }); } function setContentAttributes(pageNode) { var pageContainerNode = pageNode.ancestor("#page-container"); var mode = pageContainerNode.getAttribute("data-display-mode"); var contentNode = pageNode.one(".content"); if (mode == "image") { var rotation = getRotation(pageNode).mod(4); var imageNode = pageNode.one(".image"); var width = parseInt(imageNode.getAttribute("data-width")); var height = parseInt(imageNode.getAttribute("data-height")); var zoomWidth = getZoomWidth(pageNode); var zoomHeight = height * zoomWidth / width; if (rotation == 0 || rotation == 2) { contentNode.setStyle("width", zoomWidth).setStyle("height", zoomHeight); } else { contentNode.setStyle("width", zoomHeight).setStyle("height", zoomWidth); } contentNode.setStyle("min-height", null); } else if (mode == "text") { contentNode.setStyle("width", 710); contentNode.setStyle("height", null); contentNode.setStyle("min-height", 1000); } } function placeFromData(node) { if (node.hasAttribute("data-x")) { node.setStyle("left", parseInt(node.getAttribute("data-x"))); } if (node.hasAttribute("data-y")) { node.setStyle("top", parseInt(node.getAttribute("data-y"))); } if (node.hasAttribute("data-width")) { node.setStyle("width", parseInt(node.getAttribute("data-width"))); } if (node.hasAttribute("data-height")) { node.setStyle("height", parseInt(node.getAttribute("data-height"))); } } </script>  <script> function loadNearScreen(A, body) { if (body == null) { body = A.one("body"); } body.scrollInfo.getOnscreenNodes( "#page-container:not(.hide) .page .content.to-load:not(.loading)").each( function (contentNode) { loadPage(A, contentNode.ancestor()); }); } function hideBookmarkBar(A) { A.one("#column-1").hide(); var column2 = A.one("#column-2"); column2.removeClass("column-main"); column2.addClass("full-width"); } function showBookmarkBar(A) { A.one("#column-1").show(); var column2 = A.one("#column-2"); column2.addClass("column-main"); column2.removeClass("full-width"); } function toggleBookmarkBar(A) { A.one("#column-1").toggleView(); var column2 = A.one("#column-2"); column2.toggleClass("column-main"); column2.toggleClass("full-width"); } var fixedGlobalControls = false; AUI().use( "aui-io-request", "node-scroll-info", "event-resize", function (A) { if (window.innerWidth < 768) { hideBookmarkBar(A); } var imageContainer = A.one(".page .content:not(.to-load):not(.blank) .image"); if (imageContainer != null) { placeHighlights(imageContainer); placeFigures(imageContainer); var pageNode = imageContainer.ancestor(".page"); var pageId = pageNode.getAttribute("id"); rotateTo(pageNode, getRotation(pageNode)); } var body = A.one("body"); if (!("scrollInfo" in body)) { body.plug(A.Plugin.ScrollInfo); } body.scrollInfo.set("scrollMargin", 1000); var aboveDocContent = A.one("#doc-front"); var globalControls = A.one("#global-controls"); if (globalControls != null) { body.scrollInfo.on("scroll", function () { setGlobalControlFixed(body.scrollInfo, aboveDocContent, globalControls); }); body.on("windowresize", function () { setGlobalControlFixed(body.scrollInfo, aboveDocContent, globalControls); }); window.onpageshow = function () { setGlobalControlFixed(body.scrollInfo, aboveDocContent, globalControls); }; } var scrollTo = ""; if (scrollTo != "") { A.one("#" + scrollTo).scrollIntoView(); } loadNearScreen(A, body); body.scrollInfo.on("scroll", function () { loadNearScreen(A, body); }); body.on("windowresize", function () { loadNearScreen(A, body); }); window.onpageshow = function () { loadNearScreen(A, body); }; } ); function setGlobalControlFixed(scrollInfo, aboveDocContent, globalControls) { var shouldBeFixed = aboveDocContent.getDOMNode().getBoundingClientRect().bottom < 10; if (!fixedGlobalControls && shouldBeFixed) { fixedGlobalControls = true; globalControls.addClass("fixed"); } else if (fixedGlobalControls && !shouldBeFixed) { fixedGlobalControls = false; globalControls.removeClass("fixed"); } } </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <form action="#" id="hrefFm" method="post" name="hrefFm"> <span></span> </form> </div> <div id="content-footer"> <footer id="footer-small" role="footer"> <section id="copyright"> <a href="http://info.persee.fr">Pers茅e</a> 漏 2005-2024 </section> </footer> </div> </div> <a id="back-to-top" href="#"> <img src="/persee-theme/images/skin/persee/picto/back2top-3.png" /> </a> <script> AUI().use( "node-scroll-info", "transition", function(A) { var body = A.one("body"); var btt = A.one("#back-to-top"); btt.hide(); var hidden = true; if (!("scrollInfo" in body)) { body.plug(A.Plugin.ScrollInfo); } body.scrollInfo.on("scroll", function(e) { if (hidden && window.pageYOffset >= 500) { hidden = false; btt.show(); btt.transition({ opacity: 0.9 }); } if (!hidden && window.pageYOffset < 500) { hidden = true; btt.transition({ opacity: 0 }, function() { btt.hide(); }); } }); window.onpageshow = function() { if (window.pageYOffset >= 500) { hidden = false; btt.show(); btt.transition({ opacity: 0.9 }); } }; } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ Liferay.Util.addInputFocus(); // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ Liferay.Portlet.onLoad( { canEditTitle: false, columnPos: 0, isStatic: 'end', namespacedId: 'p_p_id_documentdisplaytltg_WAR_perseesearchportlet_', portletId: 'documentdisplaytltg_WAR_perseesearchportlet', refreshURL: '\x2fc\x2fportal\x2frender_portlet\x3fp_l_id\x3d1309144\x26p_p_id\x3ddocumentdisplaytltg_WAR_perseesearchportlet\x26p_p_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_t_lifecycle\x3d1\x26p_p_state\x3dnormal\x26p_p_mode\x3dview\x26p_p_col_id\x3dcolumn-2\x26p_p_col_pos\x3d0\x26p_p_col_count\x3d1\x26p_p_isolated\x3d1\x26currentURL\x3d\x252Fweb\x252Fguest\x252Fdoc\x252F-\x252Fdocument-display\x252Fbagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151\x26_documentdisplaytltg_WAR_perseesearchportlet_docId\x3dbagf_0004-5322_2000_num_77_1_2151' } ); 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AUI().ready('aui-base', 'liferay-menu', 'liferay-notice', 'liferay-poller', 'liferay-session', function(A) {(function() { Liferay.Util.addInputType(); Liferay.Portlet.ready( function(portletId, node) { Liferay.Util.addInputType(node); } ); if (A.UA.mobile) { Liferay.Util.addInputCancel(); } })();(function() { new Liferay.Menu(); var liferayNotices = Liferay.Data.notices; for (var i = 1; i < liferayNotices.length; i++) { new Liferay.Notice(liferayNotices[i]); } })();(function() { Liferay.Session = new Liferay.SessionBase( { autoExtend: true, sessionLength: 30, redirectOnExpire: false, redirectUrl: 'https\x3a\x2f\x2fwww\x2epersee\x2efr\x2fweb\x2fguest', warningLength: 0 } ); })();}); // ]]> </script> <script> lightbox.option({ 'fadeDuration': 200, 'resizeDuration': 200, }) </script> <script src="https://www.persee.fr/persee-theme/js/main.js?browserId=ie&minifierType=js&languageId=fr_FR&b=6205&t=1732529205753" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ // ]]> </script> </body> </html>

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