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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Catholicism</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalcatolicisme" title="Nacionalcatolicisme – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nacionalcatolicisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalcatolicismo" title="Nacionalcatolicismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nacionalcatolicismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazionalkatolizismo" title="Nazionalkatolizismo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nazionalkatolizismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/National-catholicisme" title="National-catholicisme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="National-catholicisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalcatolicismo" title="Nacionalcatolicismo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nacionalcatolicismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD" title="국민가톨릭 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국민가톨릭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catolicisme_nasional" title="Catolicisme nasional – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Catolicisme nasional" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationaalkatholicisme" title="Nationaalkatholicisme – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nationaalkatholicisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narodowy_katolicyzm" title="Narodowy katolicyzm – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Narodowy katolicyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Национал-католицизм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национал-католицизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Націонал-католицизм – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Націонал-католицизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Part of the ideological identity of Francoism</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/250px-Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/330px-Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/500px-Reinar%C3%A9_en_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>An image of the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a>, with the expression "I Shall Reign in Spain" (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Reinaré en España</i>) inscribed.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg/250px-ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg/375px-ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg/500px-ValleDeLosCaidos_Cross_south_side1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1708" data-file-height="2277" /></a><figcaption>At 150 metres (490 ft), the crucifix at the <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_los_Ca%C3%ADdos" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle de los Caídos">Valle de los Caídos</a>, built in 1940–59, is the world's tallest.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #154E9D; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_Spain" title="Category:Conservatism in Spain">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#154e9d; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em;"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism in Spain</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(variant).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28variant%29.svg/120px-Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28variant%29.svg/250px-Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="741" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonsism" title="Alfonsism">Alfonsism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlism" title="Carlism">Carlism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carloctavismo" title="Carloctavismo">Carloctavismo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo-francoism" title="Carlo-francoism">Carlo-francoism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Francoism">Francoism</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Catholicism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrism_(Spain)" title="Integrism (Spain)">Integrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurism" title="Maurism">Maurism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mellismo" title="Mellismo">Mellismo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noucentisme" title="Noucentisme">Noucentisme</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics#Spain" title="Catholic Church and politics">Political Catholicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neocat%C3%B3licos" title="Neocatólicos">Neocatholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalism_(Spain)" title="Traditionalism (Spain)">Traditionalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_nationalism" title="Spanish nationalism">Spanish nationalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism#Spain" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonry#Francoist_Spain" title="Anti-Masonry">Anti-Masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authority" title="Authority">Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hispanidad" title="Hispanidad">Hispanidad</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honour" title="Honour">Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain" title="Monarchy of Spain">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Social hierarchy">Social hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_unionism" title="Spanish unionism">Spanish unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_(Spain)" title="Restoration (Spain)">Bourbon Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Spanish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1923 Spanish coup d'état">1923 Spanish coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera">Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Spain)" title="White Terror (Spain)">White Terror</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Francoist Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_and_culture_in_Francoist_Spain" title="Art and culture in Francoist Spain">Art and culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BAnker" title="Búnker">Búnker</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20-N" title="20-N">20-N</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Albi%C3%B1ana" title="José María Albiñana">Albiñana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Balmes" title="Jaime Balmes">Balmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A1n_Bleiberg" title="Germán Bleiberg">Bleiberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Cela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Donoso_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Juan Donoso Cortés">Donoso Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_La%C3%ADn_Entralgo" title="Pedro Laín Entralgo">Entralgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_la_Mora" title="Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora">Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Gambra_Ciudad" title="Rafael Gambra Ciudad">Gambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Gambra_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="José Miguel Gambra Gutiérrez">Gambra Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gaos" title="José Gaos">Gaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Gil_Robles" title="Enrique Gil Robles">Gil Robles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Herv%C3%A1s" title="Lorenzo Hervás">Hervás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramiro_de_Maeztu" title="Ramiro de Maeztu">de Maeztu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Maravall" title="José Antonio Maravall">Maravall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_Mar%C3%ADas" title="Julián Marías">Marías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelino_Men%C3%A9ndez_y_Pelayo" title="Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo">Menéndez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_d%27Ors_P%C3%A9rez-Peix" title="Álvaro d'Ors Pérez-Peix">d'Ors (Álvaro)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega y Gasset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Panero" title="Leopoldo Panero">Panero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Pradera_Larumbe" title="Víctor Pradera Larumbe">Pradera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvira_Roca_Barea" title="Elvira Roca Barea">Roca Barea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_El%C3%ADas_de_Tejada_y_Sp%C3%ADnola" title="Francisco Elías de Tejada y Spínola">de Tejada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">de Unamuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Vig%C3%B3n" title="Jorge Vigón">Vigón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Mella" title="Juan Vázquez de Mella">Vázquez de Mella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Zubiri" title="Xavier Zubiri">Zubiri</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_is_a_Sin" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalism is a Sin">Liberalism is a Sin</a></i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(1884)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dehumanization_of_Art_and_Other_Essays_on_Art,_Culture,_and_Literature" title="The Dehumanization of Art and Other Essays on Art, Culture, and Literature">The Dehumanization of Art</a></i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(1925)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Revolt_of_the_Masses" title="The Revolt of the Masses">The Revolt of the Masses</a></i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(1929)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_State" title="The New State">The New State</a></i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(1935)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Abascal" title="Santiago Abascal">Abascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_D%C3%ADaz_Ayuso" title="Isabel Díaz Ayuso">Ayuso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Aznar" title="José María Aznar">Aznar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Casado" title="Pablo Casado">Casado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Carrero_Blanco" title="Luis Carrero Blanco">Carrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Donoso_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Juan Donoso Cortés">Donoso Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Cosid%C3%B3" title="Ignacio Cosidó">Cosidó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Fal_Conde" title="Manuel Fal Conde">Fal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torcuato_Fern%C3%A1ndez-Miranda" title="Torcuato Fernández-Miranda">Fernández-Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Fraga" title="Manuel Fraga">Fraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Gambra_Ciudad" title="Rafael Gambra Ciudad">Gambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Gil-Robles_y_Qui%C3%B1ones" title="José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones">Gil-Robles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Gir%C3%B3n" title="José Antonio Girón">Girón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Goicoechea" title="Antonio Goicoechea">Goicoechea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Zamanillo_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Camino" title="José Luis Zamanillo González-Camino">González-Camino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Marhuenda" title="Francisco Marhuenda">Marhuenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maura" title="Antonio Maura">Maura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Arias_Navarro" title="Carlos Arias Navarro">Navarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_P%C3%A9rez_(Spanish_politician)" title="David Pérez (Spanish politician)">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blas_Pi%C3%B1ar" title="Blas Piñar">Piñar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Pradera_Larumbe" title="Víctor Pradera Larumbe">Pradera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Rajoy" title="Mariano Rajoy">Rajoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">de Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Dom%C3%ADnguez_Ar%C3%A9valo" title="Tomás Domínguez Arévalo">Rodezno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ruiz-Jarabo" title="Francisco Ruiz-Jarabo">Ruiz-Jarabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Serrano_Su%C3%B1er" title="Ramón Serrano Suñer">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcial_Solana_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Camino" title="Marcial Solana González-Camino">Solana González-Camino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_El%C3%ADas_de_Tejada_y_Sp%C3%ADnola" title="Francisco Elías de Tejada y Spínola">de Tejada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tejero" title="Antonio Tejero">Tejero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Utrera_Molina" title="José Utrera Molina">Utrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Valiente_Soriano" title="José María Valiente Soriano">Valiente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Mella" title="Juan Vázquez de Mella">Vázquez de Mella</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aznar_Zubigaray" title="Manuel Aznar Zubigaray">Aznar Zubigaray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Franco,_1st_Duchess_of_Franco" title="Carmen Franco, 1st Duchess of Franco">Franco (Carmen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Jim%C3%A9nez_Losantos" title="Federico Jiménez Losantos">Losantos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Marhuenda" title="Francisco Marhuenda">Marhuenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_d%27Ors" title="Eugenio d'Ors">d'Ors (Eugenio)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Pem%C3%A1n" title="José María Pemán">Pemán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Dalí</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Navarrese_People%27s_Union" title="Navarrese People's Union">Navarrese People's Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Spain)" title="People's Party (Spain)">People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Catholic_Movement" title="Spanish Catholic Movement">Spanish Catholic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CEDA" title="CEDA">CEDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Spain)" title="Conservative Party (Spain)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_of_Catalonia" title="Democratic Union of Catalonia">Democratic Union of Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FET_y_de_las_JONS" title="FET y de las JONS">FET y de las JONS</a> (factions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Right" title="Liberal Republican Right">Liberal Republican Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Force_(Spain)" title="New Force (Spain)">New Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Union_(Spain)" title="Patriotic Union (Spain)">Patriotic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Alliance_(Spain)" title="People's Alliance (Spain)">People's Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Action_(Spain)" title="Popular Action (Spain)">Popular Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionalist_League_of_Catalonia" title="Regionalist League of Catalonia">Regionalist League of Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Renovation" title="Spanish Renovation">Spanish Renovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Communion" title="Traditionalist Communion">Traditionalist Communion</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acci%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Acción Española">Acción Española</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CitizenGo" class="mw-redirect" title="CitizenGo">CitizenGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAES" title="FAES">FAES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco_National_Foundation" title="Francisco Franco National Foundation">Francisco Franco National Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Forum" title="Madrid Forum">Madrid Forum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Nacional" title="Movimiento Nacional">Movimiento Nacional</a></i> (factions)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Requet%C3%A9" title="Requeté">Requeté</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a 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class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154e9d; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_crime#Spain" title="Immigration and crime">Immigration and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociological_Francoism" title="Sociological Francoism">Sociological Francoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_irredentism" title="Spanish irredentism">Spanish irredentism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iberism" title="Iberism">Iberism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/14px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_in_Spain" title="Template:Conservatism in Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_in_Spain" title="Template talk:Conservatism in Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_in_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism in Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>National Catholicism</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i>nacionalcatolicismo</i>) was part of the ideological identity of <a href="/wiki/Francoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Francoism">Francoism</a>, the political system through which the Spanish dictator <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">governed the Spanish State</a> between 1939 and 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Fernández_2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Fernández_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its most visible manifestation was the hegemony that the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> had in all aspects of public and private life.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Fernández_2022_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Fernández_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a symbol of the ideological divisions within Francoism, it can be contrasted to <a href="/wiki/National_syndicalism" title="National syndicalism">national syndicalism</a> (Spanish: <i>nacionalsindicalismo</i>), an essential component of the ideology and political practice of the <a href="/wiki/Falangism" title="Falangism">Falangists</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Catholicism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/First_Francoism" title="First Francoism">First Francoism</a></div> <p>The invention of the term is attributed to the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a> Alfonso Álvarez Bolado, who gave the term a scientific nuance and whose articles were compiled by the publishing house <a href="/wiki/Cuadernos_para_el_Di%C3%A1logo" title="Cuadernos para el Diálogo">Cuadernos para el Diálogo</a> in 1976,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before, the term was used more informally. In France, a similar model of National Catholicism was advanced by the <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Nationale_Catholique" title="Fédération Nationale Catholique">Fédération Nationale Catholique</a> formed by General <a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_%C3%89douard,_vicomte_de_Curi%C3%A8res_de_Castelnau" title="Noël Édouard, vicomte de Curières de Castelnau">Édouard Castelnau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tallett2003_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tallett2003-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it reached one million members in 1925, it was of short-lived significance, subsiding into obscurity by 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-Larkin2002_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larkin2002-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Spain, the <a href="/wiki/Francoist_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Francoist State">Francoist State</a> initiated a project in 1943 to reform the university. It was called the University Regulatory Law (U.R.L.), which remained active until 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-Enders_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enders-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg/170px-Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg/255px-Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg/340px-Valle_de_los_caidos_by_forcy-cruz_y_basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Valle_de_los_Ca%C3%ADdos" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle de los Caídos">Valle de los Caídos</a> in El Escorial, exemplary building of the Francoist era-style.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The U.R.L. represented the clearest politicization of the university in the service of the new regime's National-Catholic precepts. While there was no explicit exclusion of women from higher learning, their presence at the university level was discouraged and not recognized during the two first decades of the regime.<sup id="cite_ref-Enders_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enders-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In the 1930s and 1940s, <a href="/wiki/Ante_Paveli%C4%87" title="Ante Pavelić">Ante Pavelić</a>'s Croatian <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a> movement espoused a similar ideology,<sup id="cite_ref-Payne1996_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne1996-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although it has been called other names, including "<a href="/wiki/Political_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Political Catholicism">political Catholicism</a>" and "Catholic Croatism".<sup id="cite_ref-Lampe2004_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lampe2004-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other countries in central and eastern Europe where similar movements of Francoist inspiration combined Catholicism with nationalism include Austria, Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia.<sup id="cite_ref-Payne1984_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne1984-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Catholicism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action Française">Action Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany">Catholic Church and Nazi Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany_during_World_War_II" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany during World War II">Catholic Church and Nazi Germany during World War II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Spain" title="Catholic Church in Spain">Catholic Church in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fascism" title="Christian fascism">Christian fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_fascism" title="Clerical fascism">Clerical fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_theology" title="Dominion theology">Dominion theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integralism" title="Integralism">Integralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Nacional" title="Movimiento Nacional">Movimiento Nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_nationalism" title="Religious nationalism">Religious nationalism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Catholicism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.es/2017/05/08/el-valle-de-los-caidos-explicado-a-quienes-no-saben-que-es_a_22076129/">"El Valle de los Caídos explicado a quienes no saben qué es"</a>. 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Valle+de+los+Ca%C3%ADdos+explicado+a+quienes+no+saben+qu%C3%A9+es&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.es%2F2017%2F05%2F08%2Fel-valle-de-los-caidos-explicado-a-quienes-no-saben-que-es_a_22076129%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://miratico.com/worlds-largest-crosses-reach-high-for-the-sky/">"World's Top 19 Largest Crosses (Reach High for the Sky!) - Miratico"</a>. 3 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+Top+19+Largest+Crosses+%28Reach+High+for+the+Sky%21%29+-+Miratico&rft.date=2015-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmiratico.com%2Fworlds-largest-crosses-reach-high-for-the-sky%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-García-Fernández_2022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-García-Fernández_2022_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-García-Fernández_2022_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGarcía-Fernández2022" class="citation journal cs1">García-Fernández, Mónica (February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0960777321000515">"From National Catholicism to Romantic Love: The Politics of Love and Divorce in Franco's Spain"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_European_History" title="Contemporary European History">Contemporary European History</a></i>. <b>31</b> (1, Special Issue: <i>The Contemporary European History Prize</i>). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>: <span class="nowrap">2–</span>14. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0960777321000515">10.1017/S0960777321000515</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1469-2171">1469-2171</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+European+History&rft.atitle=From+National+Catholicism+to+Romantic+Love%3A+The+Politics+of+Love+and+Divorce+in+Franco%27s+Spain&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1%2C+Special+Issue%3A+%27%27The+Contemporary+European+History+Prize%27%27&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E14&rft.date=2022-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0960777321000515&rft.issn=1469-2171&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa-Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.aufirst=M%C3%B3nica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252FS0960777321000515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaguer1976" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Raguer (1976). <i>El experimento del nacionalcatolicismo, 1939-1975</i> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Cuadernos_para_el_Di%C3%A1logo" title="Cuadernos para el Diálogo">Cuadernos para el Diálogo</a>. p. 547.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+experimento+del+nacionalcatolicismo%2C+1939-1975&rft.pages=547&rft.pub=Cuadernos+para+el+Di%C3%A1logo&rft.date=1976&rft.au=Raguer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tallett2003-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tallett2003_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Tallett2003" class="citation book cs1">Frank Tallett (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0dWbmFrLO94C&pg=PA152"><i>Catholicism in Britain & France Since 1789</i></a>. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. <span class="nowrap">152–</span>154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-100-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-100-2"><bdi>978-1-85285-100-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catholicism+in+Britain+%26+France+Since+1789&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E152-%3C%2Fspan%3E154&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-85285-100-2&rft.au=Frank+Tallett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0dWbmFrLO94C%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larkin2002-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Larkin2002_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaurice_Larkin2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Larkin" title="Maurice Larkin">Maurice Larkin</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7rPaeTm4lm4C&pg=PA157"><i>Religion, Politics and Preferment in France since 1890: La Belle Epoque and its Legacy</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-52270-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-52270-0"><bdi>978-0-521-52270-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion%2C+Politics+and+Preferment+in+France+since+1890%3A+La+Belle+Epoque+and+its+Legacy&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-52270-0&rft.au=Maurice+Larkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7rPaeTm4lm4C%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Enders-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Enders_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enders_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVictoria_Lorée_EndersPamela_Beth_Radcliff1999" class="citation book cs1">Victoria Lorée Enders; Pamela Beth Radcliff (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QTjCtl-9XlAC&pg=PA59">"Gender Relations in the Francoist University"</a>. <i>Constructing Spanish Womanhood: Female Identity in Modern Spain</i>. SUNY Press. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/079144029X" title="Special:BookSources/079144029X"><bdi>079144029X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gender+Relations+in+the+Francoist+University&rft.btitle=Constructing+Spanish+Womanhood%3A+Female+Identity+in+Modern+Spain&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=079144029X&rft.au=Victoria+Lor%C3%A9e+Enders&rft.au=Pamela+Beth+Radcliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQTjCtl-9XlAC%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Payne1996-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Payne1996_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStanley_G._Payne1996" class="citation book cs1">Stanley G. Payne (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x_MeR06xqXAC&pg=PA406"><i>A History of Fascism, 1914–1945</i></a>. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 406. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-14873-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-14873-7"><bdi>978-0-299-14873-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Fascism%2C+1914%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=406&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Pres&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-299-14873-7&rft.au=Stanley+G.+Payne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx_MeR06xqXAC%26pg%3DPA406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lampe2004-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lampe2004_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohn_R._Lampe2004" class="citation book cs1">John R. Lampe (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gE1c4wK-ASAC&pg=PA102"><i>Ideologies and National Identities: The Case of Twentieth-Century Southeastern Europe</i></a>. Central European University Press. p. 102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-9241-82-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-9241-82-4"><bdi>978-963-9241-82-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ideologies+and+National+Identities%3A+The+Case+of+Twentieth-Century+Southeastern+Europe&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Central+European+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-963-9241-82-4&rft.au=John+R.+Lampe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgE1c4wK-ASAC%26pg%3DPA102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Payne1984-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Payne1984_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStanley_G._Payne1984" class="citation book cs1">Stanley G. Payne (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JGoqcg22N4gC&pg=PR13"><i>Spanish Catholicism: An Historical Overview</i></a>. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. xiii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09804-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09804-9"><bdi>978-0-299-09804-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spanish+Catholicism%3A+An+Historical+Overview&rft.pages=xiii&rft.pub=Univ+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-299-09804-9&rft.au=Stanley+G.+Payne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJGoqcg22N4gC%26pg%3DPR13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>BOTTI, Alfonso, <i>Nazionalcattolicesimo e Spagna nuova (1881–1975)</i>, Milano, Franco Angeli, 1992 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-204-7242-2" title="Special:BookSources/88-204-7242-2">88-204-7242-2</a> (Spanish trans. <i>Cielo y dinero. El nacionalcatolicismo en España (1881–1975)</i>, Madrid, Alianza Editorial, 1992 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-206-2717-8" title="Special:BookSources/84-206-2717-8">84-206-2717-8</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Catholicism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStanley_G._Payne1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_G._Payne" title="Stanley G. Payne">Stanley G. Payne</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JGoqcg22N4gC&pg=PA171">"7. National Catholicism"</a>. <i>Spanish Catholicism: An Historical Overview</i>. University of Wisconsin Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09804-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09804-9"><bdi>978-0-299-09804-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=7.+National+Catholicism&rft.btitle=Spanish+Catholicism%3A+An+Historical+Overview&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-299-09804-9&rft.au=Stanley+G.+Payne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJGoqcg22N4gC%26pg%3DPA171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid 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type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_nationalism" title="African nationalism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-anarchism" title="National-anarchism">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_nationalism" title="Blind nationalism">Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_nationalism" title="Bourgeois nationalism">Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_nationalism" title="Business nationalism">Business</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_chauvinism" title="Welfare chauvinism">Welfare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_nationalism" title="Civic nationalism">Civic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_patriotism" title="Constitutional patriotism">Constitutional patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate nationalism">Corporate-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyber-nationalism">Cyber-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-nationalism" title="Eco-nationalism">Ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_nationalism" title="Economic nationalism">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansionist_nationalism" title="Expansionist nationalism">Expansionist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palingenetic_ultranationalism" title="Palingenetic ultranationalism">Palingenetic ultranationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonationalism" title="Homonationalism">Homo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integral_nationalism" title="Integral nationalism">Integral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">Communist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistic_imperialism" title="Linguistic imperialism">Linguistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_mysticism" title="National mysticism">Mystic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-nationalism" title="Neo-nationalism">Neo-/New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-nationalism" title="Pan-nationalism">Pan-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_nationalism" title="Queer nationalism">Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_nationalism" title="Racial nationalism">Racial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_nationalism" title="Arab nationalism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berberism" title="Berberism">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_nationalism" title="Black nationalism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_ethnic_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean ethnic nationalism">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_nationalism" title="Religious nationalism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism" title="Christian nationalism">Christian</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerico-nationalism" title="Clerico-nationalism">Clerico-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DezNat" title="DezNat">Mormon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_nationalism" title="Islamic nationalism">Islamic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_nationalism" title="Resource nationalism">Resource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_nationalism" title="Revolutionary nationalism">Revolutionary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnocacerism" title="Ethnocacerism">Ethnocacerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_syndicalism" title="National syndicalism">National syndicalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falangism" title="Falangism">Falangism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fascist_movements" title="List of fascist movements">List of fascist movements</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Technological nationalism">Technological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_nationalism" title="Territorial nationalism">Territorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_terrorism" title="Nationalist terrorism">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnationalism" title="Transnationalism">Trans-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">Ultra-</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism_(Japan)" title="Ultranationalism (Japan)">Japan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nationalist_organizations" title="List of nationalist organizations">List of nationalist organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Clubs" title="Nationalist Clubs">Nationalist Clubs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_nationalism" title="Anarchism and nationalism">Anarchism and nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anationalism">Anationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-nationalism">Anti-nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banal_nationalism" title="Banal nationalism">Banal nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_nationalism" title="Cultural nationalism">Cultural nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_politics" title="Diaspora politics">Diaspora politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliminationism" title="Eliminationism">Eliminationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exceptionalism" title="Exceptionalism">Exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastronationalism" title="Gastronationalism">Gastronationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism_and_gender" title="Nationalism and gender">Gender and nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_and_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Historiography and nationalism">Historiography and nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irredentism" title="Irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingoism" title="Jingoism">Jingoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation-building" title="Nation-building">Nation-building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_indifference" title="National indifference">National indifference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_question" title="National question">National question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_revival" title="National revival">National revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">Nation state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism_studies" title="Nationalism studies">Nationalism studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_border" title="Natural border">Natural border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurinationalism" title="Plurinationalism">Plurinationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principle_of_nationalities&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Principle of nationalities (page does not exist)">Principle of nationalities</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principe_des_nationalit%C3%A9s" class="extiw" title="fr:Principe des nationalités">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revanchism" title="Revanchism">Revanchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-building" title="State-building">State-building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Wars of national liberation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion_in_politics208" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religion_and_politics" title="Template:Religion and politics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religion_and_politics" title="Template talk:Religion and politics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_and_politics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion and politics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_politics208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_politics" title="Religion in politics">Religion in politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="General_concepts208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">General concepts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism" title="Anti-clericalism">Anti-clericalism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism_and_Freemasonry" title="Anti-clericalism and Freemasonry">Anti-clericalism and Freemasonry</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesaropapism" title="Caesaropapism">Caesaropapism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_religion" title="Civil religion">Civil religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clericalism" title="Clericalism">Clericalism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Clerical_fascism" title="Clerical fascism">Clerical fascism</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessionalism_(politics)" title="Confessionalism (politics)">Confessionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_references_to_God" title="Constitutional references to God">Constitutional references to God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_law" title="Divine law">Divine law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine rule">Divine rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engaged_Spirituality" class="mw-redirect" title="Engaged Spirituality">Engaged Spirituality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_theology" title="Feminist theology">Feminist theology</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Thealogy" title="Thealogy">Thealogy</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Womanist_theology" title="Womanist theology">Womanist theology</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identity_politics" title="Identity politics">Identity politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_secularism" title="Organized secularism">Organized secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Political religion">Political religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious anarchism">Religious anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonry#Religious_anti-Masonry" title="Anti-Masonry">Religious anti-Masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_anti-Zionism" title="Religious anti-Zionism">Religious anti-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_communism" title="Religious communism">Religious communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_humanism" title="Religious humanism">Religious humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_law" title="Religious law">Religious law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_nationalism" title="Religious nationalism">Religious nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism#Religious_attitudes" title="Pacifism">Religious pacifism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_peacebuilding" title="Religion and peacebuilding">Religion and peacebuilding</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_police" title="Religious police">Religious police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_rejection_of_politics" title="Religious rejection of politics">Religious rejection of politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_segregation" title="Religious segregation">Religious segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatism#Religious" title="Separatism">Religious separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_socialism" title="Religious socialism">Religious socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_same-sex_marriage" title="Religious views on same-sex marriage">Religious views on same-sex marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_liberalism" title="Secular liberalism">Secular liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">Secular state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularity" title="Secularity">Secularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularization" title="Secularization">Secularization</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Secular_religion" title="Secular religion">Secular religion</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_left" title="Spiritual left">Spiritual left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_atheism" title="State atheism">State atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">State religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theonomy" title="Theonomy">Theonomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Christianity_and_politics208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_politics" title="Christianity and politics">Christianity and politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_Amendment" title="Blaine Amendment">Blaine Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Christian anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism#Catholics" title="Anti-communism">Christian anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_Freemasonry_within_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to Freemasonry within Christianity">Christian anti-Masonry</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Papal_ban_of_Freemasonry" title="Papal ban of Freemasonry">Papal ban</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism#Christian" title="Anti-Zionism">Christian anti-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporatism#Christianity" title="Corporatism">Christian corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_egalitarianism" title="Christian egalitarianism">Christian egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_environmentalism" title="Christian views on environmentalism">Christian environmentalism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_environmentalism" title="Evangelical environmentalism">Evangelical environmentalism</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fascism" title="Christian fascism">Christian fascism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/German_Christians_(movement)" title="German Christians (movement)">German Christians (movement)</a></small></li> <li><small><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Catholicism</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Positive_Christianity" title="Positive Christianity">Positive Christianity</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reich_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reich Church">Protestant Reich Church</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_feminism" title="Christian feminism">Christian feminism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Mormon_feminism" title="Mormon feminism">Mormon feminism</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_humanism" title="Christian humanism">Christian humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian law">Christian law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_left" title="Christian left">Christian left</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_left" title="Evangelical left">Evangelical left</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_libertarianism" title="Christian libertarianism">Christian libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pacifism" title="Christian pacifism">Christian pacifism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Peacemaking#Christianity" title="Peacemaking">Christian peacemaking</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism" title="Christian reconstructionism">Christian reconstructionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_republic" title="Christian republic">Christian republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian socialism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Christian_Socialism_in_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Socialism in Utah">In Utah</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_state" title="Christian state">Christian state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Zionism" title="Christian Zionism">Christian Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpinism" title="Cisalpinism">Cisalpinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominion Theology">Dominion Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Febronianism" title="Febronianism">Febronianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallicanism" title="Gallicanism">Gallicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">Liberation theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maronite_politics" title="Maronite politics">Maronite politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicianism" title="Phoenicianism">Phoenicianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal state">Papal state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillarisation" title="Pillarisation">Pillarisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" title="Catholic Church and politics">Political Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relations_between_the_Catholic_Church_and_the_state" title="Relations between the Catholic Church and the state">Relations between the Catholic Church and the state</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Church%E2%80%93state_relations_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Church–state relations in Argentina">In Argentina</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphere_sovereignty" title="Sphere sovereignty">Sphere sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity_(Catholicism)" title="Subsidiarity (Catholicism)">Subsidiarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_power_(papal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporal power (papal)">Temporal power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodemocracy" title="Theodemocracy">Theodemocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultramontanism" title="Ultramontanism">Ultramontanism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Neo-ultramontanism" title="Neo-ultramontanism">Neo-ultramontanism</a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Islam_and_politics208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" title="Political aspects of Islam">Islam and politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hui_pan-nationalism" title="Hui pan-nationalism">Hui pan-nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Declaration_on_Human_Rights_in_Islam" title="Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam">Human Rights in Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate" title="Imamate">Imamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic anarchism">Islamic anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Freemasonry#Islamic_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppression of Freemasonry">Islamic anti-Masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism#Muslim" title="Anti-Zionism">Islamic anti-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic democracy">Islamic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_fascism" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic fascism">Islamic fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_feminism" title="Islamic feminism">Islamic feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia law</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Application_of_Islamic_law_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Application of Islamic law by country">by country</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_nationalism" title="Pakistani nationalism">In Pakistan</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">In South Asia</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism_in_Islam" title="Pacifism in Islam">Islamic pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_republic" title="Islamic republic">Islamic republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_socialism" title="Islamic socialism">Islamic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_state" title="Islamic state">Islamic state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_supporters_of_Israel" title="Muslim supporters of Israel">Islamic Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islamism" title="Criticism of Islamism">Criticism</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamization">Islamization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat" class="mw-redirect" title="Khilafat">Khilafat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro-Islam" title="Petro-Islam">Petro-Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_quietism" class="mw-redirect" title="Political quietism">Political quietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Talibanization" title="Talibanization">Talibanization</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-nation_theory" title="Two-nation theory">Two-nation theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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title="Bangabhumi">Bangabhumi</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_revolution" title="Hindu revolution">Hindu revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_revivalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu revivalism">Hindu revivalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_environmentalism#Hinduism" title="Religion and environmentalism">Hindu environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integral_humanism_(India)" title="Integral humanism (India)">Integral humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Aryans" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Aryans">Indigenous Aryans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama#Rama_Rajya" title="Rama">Rama Rajya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffronisation" title="Saffronisation">Saffronisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuddhi_(Hinduism)" title="Shuddhi (Hinduism)">Shuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_civil_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniform civil code">Uniform civil code</a></li></ul> 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