CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Halal - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"20f5f390-ec88-4bb2-b2ed-b9e0654b6ddb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Halal","wgTitle":"Halal","wgCurRevisionId":1282508971,"wgRevisionId":1282508971,"wgArticleId":414855,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the Phonos extension","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from October 2020","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Articles containing Arabic-language text","Pages with Arabic IPA","Articles containing Chinese-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2012","All articles containing potentially dated statements","All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases","Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2021","All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from May 2021","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Halal food","Food law","Islamic terminology","Ritual slaughter","Ritual purity in Islam"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Halal","wgRelevantArticleId":414855,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q177823","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.phonos.init","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/1200px-Halal_logo.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1186"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/800px-Halal_logo.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="790"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/640px-Halal_logo.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="632"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Halal - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Halal rootpage-Halal skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Halal" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Halal" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Halal" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Halal" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_Quran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_Quran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>In the Quran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_Quran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Foods</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Foods-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Foods subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Foods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Halal_meat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halal_meat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Halal meat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halal_meat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Compatibility_with_other_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compatibility_with_other_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Compatibility with other religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compatibility_with_other_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerns_for_animal_welfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerns_for_animal_welfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Concerns for animal welfare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerns_for_animal_welfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Certification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Certification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Certification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Certification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Halal_certification_in_the_US" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halal_certification_in_the_US"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Halal certification in the US</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halal_certification_in_the_US-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interaction_with_global_regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interaction_with_global_regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Interaction with global regulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interaction_with_global_regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-European_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>European Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-food_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-food_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Non-food applications</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Non-food_applications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Non-food applications subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Non-food_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pharmaceuticals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pharmaceuticals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pharmaceuticals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pharmaceuticals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaccines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaccines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Vaccines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaccines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Personal care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Halal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 77 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaal" title="Galaal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Galaal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" title="حلال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حلال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="হালাল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হালাল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="হালাল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হালাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB" title="Хәләл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хәләл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Халал – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Халал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hal%C4%81l" title="Halāl – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Halāl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A8al%C4%81l" title="Ḩalāl – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ḩalāl" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BB" title="Χαλάλ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαλάλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halalo" title="Halalo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Halalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C)" title="حلال (محصولات غذایی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حلال (محصولات غذایی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A0%EB%9E%84" title="할랄 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="할랄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Հալալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հալալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="हलाल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हलाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4al%C4%81l" title="Ḥalāl – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ḥalāl" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9C" title="חלאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חלאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಲಾಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಲಾಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Халал – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Халал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helal" title="Helal – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Helal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hal%C4%81ls" title="Halāls – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Halāls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal_%C3%A9tkez%C3%A9s" title="Halal étkezés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Halal étkezés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Халал – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Халал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD" title="ഹലാൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹലാൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%84)" title="حلال (اكل) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حلال (اكل)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ハラール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハラール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halol" title="Halol – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Halol" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਹਲਾਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਲਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD)" title="حلال (اصطلاح) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="حلال (اصطلاح)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B" title="ហាឡាល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហាឡាល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Халяль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Халяль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallalli" title="Hallalli – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hallalli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%DA%B5" title="حەڵاڵ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="حەڵاڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அலால் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அலால்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="హలాల్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హలాల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="ฮาลาล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮาลาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Ҳалол – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳалол" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helal" title="Helal – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Helal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Халяль – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Халяль" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD)" title="حلال (اصطلاح) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حلال (اصطلاح)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal" title="Halal – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Halal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amagn%C3%AE_halal" title="Amagnî halal – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Amagnî halal" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F" title="清真 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="清真" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F" title="清真 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="清真" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177823#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halal" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Halal" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halal"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halal"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Halal" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Halal" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&oldid=1282508971" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Halal&id=1282508971&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHalal"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHalal"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Halal&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Halal" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Halal" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177823" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Halal_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/330px-Halal_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="263" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/500px-Halal_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Halal_logo.svg/526px-Halal_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="909" /></a><figcaption>The word <i>halal</i>. It is used as a visual marker for Muslims in restaurants, shops and on products.</figcaption></figure><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Islamic term for "permissible" things</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#d1e9d2;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Principles_of_Islamic_jurisprudence" title="Category:Principles of Islamic jurisprudence">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#d1e9d2;;padding-top:0.2em; display:block;"><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_jurisprudence" title="Principles of Islamic jurisprudence">Principles of<br />Islamic jurisprudence<br /><small>(<i>Usul al-Fiqh</i>)</small></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-top:0.25em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:UsulALFiqh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/UsulALFiqh.svg/250px-UsulALFiqh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/UsulALFiqh.svg/330px-UsulALFiqh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#d1e9d2;;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; background:#d1e9d2; padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <i><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">Fiqh</a></i></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ijazah" title="Ijazah">Ijazah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma">Ijma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhtilaf" title="Ikhtilaf">Ikhtilaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istihlal" title="Istihlal">Istihlal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istihsan" title="Istihsan">Istihsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istishab" title="Istishab">Istishab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhhab" title="Madhhab">Madhhab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslaha" title="Maslaha">Maslaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiyas" title="Qiyas">Qiyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqlid" title="Taqlid">Taqlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqwa" title="Taqwa">Taqwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urf" title="Urf">Urf</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#d1e9d2;;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; background:#d1e9d2; padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <i><a href="/wiki/Ahkam" title="Ahkam">Ahkam</a></i></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fard" title="Fard">Fard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustahabb" title="Mustahabb">Mustahabb</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Halal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mubah" title="Mubah">Mubah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makruh" title="Makruh">Makruh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baligh" title="Baligh">Baligh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batil" title="Batil">Batil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bid%27ah" title="Bid'ah">Bid'ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahisha" title="Fahisha">Fahisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasiq" title="Fasiq">Fasiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitna_(word)" title="Fitna (word)">Fitna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasad" title="Fasad">Fasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghibah" title="Ghibah">Ghibah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_sin" title="Islamic views on sin">Gunah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haya_(Islam)" title="Haya (Islam)">Haya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirabah" title="Hirabah">Hirabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islah" title="Islah">Islah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istighfar" title="Istighfar">Istighfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istishhad" title="Istishhad">Istishhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasd" class="mw-redirect" title="Qasd">Qasd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taghut" title="Taghut">Taghut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqiyya" title="Taqiyya">Taqiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawbah">Tawbah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazkiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tazkiah">Tazkiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thawab" title="Thawab">Thawab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderation_in_Islam" title="Moderation in Islam">Wasat</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#d1e9d2;;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; background:#d1e9d2; padding-bottom:0.1em;"> Legal vocations and titles</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaykh_al-Isl%C4%81m" title="Shaykh al-Islām">Shaykh al-Islām</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">Sayyid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharif" title="Sharif">Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashraf">Ashraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrat" title="Hadrat">Hadrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">Ulama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faqeeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Faqeeh">Faqeeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allamah" title="Allamah">Allamah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohyeddin" title="Mohyeddin">Mohyeddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mufti" title="Grand Mufti">Grand Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hujjat_al-Islam" title="Hujjat al-Islam">Hujjat al-Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujtahid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mujtahid">Mujtahid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah">Ayatollah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seghatoleslam" title="Seghatoleslam">Seghatoleslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marja%27" title="Marja'">Marja'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafiz_(Quran)" title="Hafiz (Quran)">Hafiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hujja" title="Hujja">Hujja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakim_(title)" title="Hakim (title)">Hakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">Imam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullah" title="Mullah">Mullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlawi_(Islamic_title)" title="Mawlawi (Islamic title)">Mawlawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatib" title="Khatib">Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khawaja" title="Khawaja">Khawaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawl%C4%81n%C4%81" title="Mawlānā">Mawlānā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawla" title="Mawla">Mawla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Mufassir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murshid" title="Murshid">Murshid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_(Sufism)" title="Pir (Sufism)">Pir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali" title="Wali">Wali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhund" title="Akhund">Akhund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhaddith" title="Muhaddith">Muhaddith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujaddid" title="Mujaddid">Mujaddid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadi" title="Qadi">Qadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh" title="Sheikh">Sheikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marabout" title="Marabout">Marabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulu%27l-amr" title="Ulu'l-amr">Ulu'l-amr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustad" title="Ustad">Ustad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%27azzin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'azzin">Mu'azzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murid" title="Murid">Murid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahideen" title="Mujahideen">Mujahideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazi_(warrior)" title="Ghazi (warrior)">Ghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaheed" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaheed">Shaheed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martyrdom_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Martyrdom in Islam">Martyrdom in Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajji" title="Hajji">Hajji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salaf" title="Salaf">Salaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahabah">Sahabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabi%27un" title="Tabi'un">Tabi'un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabi%27_al-Tabi%27in" title="Tabi' al-Tabi'in">Tabi' al-Tabi'in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da%27i_al-Mutlaq" title="Da'i al-Mutlaq">Da'i al-Mutlaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dawla" title="Al-Dawla">al-Dawla</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Usul_al-Fiqh" title="Template:Usul al-Fiqh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Usul_al-Fiqh" title="Template talk:Usul al-Fiqh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Usul_al-Fiqh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Usul al-Fiqh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Halal</b></i> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/78\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Halal.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Halal.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Halal.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Halal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Halal.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Flame,_not_lame-Halal.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Halal.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" class="extiw" title="wikt:حلال">حلال</a></span> <span title="American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">ḥalāl</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ħæˈlæːl]</a></span>) is an Arabic word that translates to <span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">permissible</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span> in English. In the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, the term <i>halal</i> is contrasted with the term <i><a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">haram</a></i> (<span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">forbidden, unlawful</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used to refer to actions, behaviors, or items that are acceptable under the teachings of Islam. <i>Halal</i> applies not only to food but also to various aspects of life, including finance, clothing, and behavior. The concept of <i>halal</i> is central to Islamic practices and is derived from the Quran and the Sunnah (the teachings and practices of the Prophet Muhammad). The guidelines for what is considered <i>halal</i> or <i>haram</i> are laid out in Islamic jurisprudence (<i>fiqh</i>), and scholars interpret these guidelines to ensure compliance with Islamic principles.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the modern world, the concept of halal has expanded beyond individual actions and dietary restrictions to become a global industry, particularly in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and financial sectors. Halal certification bodies ensure that products and services meet the required standards for consumption by Muslims, and many companies worldwide seek halal certification to cater to the growing demand for halal products, especially with the rise in the global Muslim population.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although halal is often associated with dietary laws, particularly meat that is slaughtered according to Islamic guidelines, it also governs ethical practices in business, finance (such as the prohibition of interest or <i>riba</i>), and daily living. It encompasses broader ethical considerations, including fairness, social justice, and the treatment of animals.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The increasing demand for halal products and services has led to the growth of the halal economy, especially in countries with significant Muslim populations, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Middle East. Many non-Muslim-majority countries also engage in the halal market to meet the needs of their Muslim citizens and global consumers.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This <a href="/wiki/Binary_opposition" title="Binary opposition">binary opposition</a> was elaborated into a more complex classification known as "<a href="/wiki/Ahkam" title="Ahkam">the five decisions</a>": <a href="/wiki/Fard" title="Fard">mandatory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mustahabb" title="Mustahabb">recommended</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mubah" title="Mubah">neutral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makruh" title="Makruh">reprehensible</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">forbidden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vikor_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikor-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Faq%C4%ABh" title="Faqīh">Islamic jurists</a> disagree on whether the term <i>halal</i> covers the first two or the first four of these categories.<sup id="cite_ref-vikor_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikor-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent times, Islamic movements seeking to mobilize the masses and authors writing for a popular audience have emphasized the simpler distinction of halal and haram.<sup id="cite_ref-campo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-campo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>halal</i> is particularly associated with <a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic dietary laws</a> and especially meat processed and prepared in accordance with those requirements. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_Quran">In the Quran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In the Quran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The words <i>halal</i> and <i>haram</i> are the common terms used in the Quran to designate the categories of lawful or allowed and unlawful or forbidden. In the Quran, the <a href="/wiki/Semitic_root" title="Semitic root">root</a> <i>ḥ-l-l</i> denotes lawfulness and may also indicate exiting the ritual state of a pilgrim and entering a profane state. In both these senses, it has an opposite meaning to that conveyed by the root <i>ḥ-r-m</i> (cf. <i><a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">haram</a></i> and <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ihram" title="Ihram">ihram</a></i></span>). In a literal sense, the root ḥr-m may refer to dissolution (e.g., breaking of an oath) or alighting (e.g., of God's wrath). Lawfulness is usually indicated in the Quran by means of the verb <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ahalla</i></span> (<span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">to make lawful</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), with God as the stated or implied subject.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foods">Foods</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic dietary laws</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG/250px-%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG/330px-%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG/500px-%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89%E9%A4%A8.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption>A halal sign in Chinese (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">清真</span></span>, <span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">qīng zhēn</i></span>) at a restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Taiwan</figcaption></figure> <p>Islam generally considers every food halal unless it is specifically prohibited in <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically, halal foods are those that are: </p> <ol><li>Made, produced, manufactured, processed, and stored using machinery, equipment, and/or utensils that have been cleaned according to Islamic law (<a href="/wiki/Shariah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shariah">shariah</a>).</li> <li>Free from any component that Muslims are prohibited from eating according to Islamic law.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>The most common example of <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">haram</a> (non-halal) food is pork. While pork is the only meat that categorically may not be consumed by Muslims (the Quran forbids it,<sup id="cite_ref-corpus.quran.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corpus.quran.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Surah 2:173 and 16:115)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbidden_food_1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> other foods not in a state of purity are also considered haram. The criteria for non-pork items include their source, the cause of the animal's death and how it was processed. The majority of Islamic scholars consider shellfish and other seafood halal.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine" title="Vegetarian cuisine">Vegetarian cuisine</a> is halal if it does not contain <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcohol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muslims must also ensure that all foods (particularly processed foods), as well as non-food items like <a href="/wiki/Cosmetics" title="Cosmetics">cosmetics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceuticals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceuticals">pharmaceuticals</a>, are halal.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frequently, these products contain animal by-products or other ingredients that are not permissible for Muslims to eat or use on their bodies. Foods which are not considered halal for Muslims to consume include blood<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and intoxicants such as <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage" title="Alcoholic beverage">alcoholic beverages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Muslim who would otherwise starve to death is allowed to eat non-halal food if there is no halal food available.<sup id="cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbidden_food_1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several food companies offer halal processed foods and products, including halal <a href="/wiki/Foie_gras" title="Foie gras">foie gras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spring_roll" title="Spring roll">spring rolls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicken_nugget" title="Chicken nugget">chicken nuggets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravioli" title="Ravioli">ravioli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lasagna" title="Lasagna">lasagna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pizza" title="Pizza">pizza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baby_food" title="Baby food">baby food</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Halal <a href="/wiki/TV_dinner" class="mw-redirect" title="TV dinner">ready meals</a> are a growing consumer market for Muslims in Britain and America and are offered by an increasing number of retailers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opinions on <a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_crops" title="Genetically modified crops">GMO foods</a> are mixed, although there is no widely accepted prohibition from consuming them.<sup id="cite_ref-BMC_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMC-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some clerics and scholars have expressed support, arguing that such food production methods are halal because they contribute to human well-being.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Voices in opposition to GMOs argue that there is no need for genetic modification of food crops because God created everything perfectly and man does not have any right to manipulate anything that God has created.<sup id="cite_ref-BMC_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMC-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some others have raised concern about the theoretical consumption of specific GMO foods produced using genes from pigs.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Halal_meat">Halal meat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Halal meat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dhabihah" title="Dhabihah">Dhabihah</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HalalMeat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/HalalMeat.jpg/250px-HalalMeat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/HalalMeat.jpg/330px-HalalMeat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/HalalMeat.jpg/500px-HalalMeat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="3204" /></a><figcaption>Halal meat section at a grocery store in <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Hill,_Ontario" title="Richmond Hill, Ontario">Richmond Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Muslims believe in what they see as the ethical treatment of animals. Halal practices align with this philosophy by promoting kindness, compassion, and humane treatment throughout the entire lifecycle of the animal. The emphasis on swift and painless slaughter respects the animal's dignity and minimizes suffering.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Halal meat must come from a supplier that uses halal practices. <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Dhabihah" title="Dhabihah">Dhabīḥah</a></i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ذَبِيْحَة</span></span>) is the prescribed method of slaughter for all meat sources, excluding fish and other sealife, per Islamic law. This method of <a href="/wiki/Animal_slaughter" title="Animal slaughter">slaughtering animals</a> consists of using a sharp knife to make an incision that cuts the front of the <a href="/wiki/Throat" title="Throat">throat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esophagus" title="Esophagus">oesophagus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jugular_vein" title="Jugular vein">jugular veins</a> but not the <a href="/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord">spinal cord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-halalcertification.ie_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halalcertification.ie-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The head of an animal that is slaughtered using halal methods should be aligned with the <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Qiblah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qiblah">qiblah</a></i></span> (the direction a Muslim faces when praying)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. In addition to the direction, permitted animals should be slaughtered upon utterance of the Islamic prayer "<a href="/wiki/Basmala" title="Basmala">Bismillah</a>, Allahu Akbar" (In the name of God, God is greatest).<sup id="cite_ref-Qasim_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qasim-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The slaughter must be performed by a Muslim.<sup id="cite_ref-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Carrion" title="Carrion">Carrion</a> (carcasses of dead animals, such as animals who died in the wild) cannot be eaten.<sup id="cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbidden_food_1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, an animal that has been strangled, beaten (to death), killed by a fall, gored (to death), savaged by a beast of prey (unless finished off by a human), or sacrificed on a stone altar cannot be eaten.<sup id="cite_ref-forbidden_food_2_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbidden_food_2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compatibility_with_other_religions">Compatibility with other religions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Compatibility with other religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Islamic_and_Jewish_dietary_laws" title="Comparison of Islamic and Jewish dietary laws">Comparison of Islamic and Jewish dietary laws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws" title="Christian dietary laws">Christian dietary laws</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Diet in Sikhism</a></div> <p>Animals slaughtered by <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>) can also be considered halal if the slaughter is carried out by jugular slice, the blood drained and the name of Allah invoked.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, <a href="/wiki/Kosher" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher">kosher</a> meat is permitted by some Muslim communities, and is sometimes substituted for halal meat.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> forbids eating meat from animals that were <a href="/wiki/Kutha_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutha meat">slaughtered slowly or with religious ritual</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> referred to as <i>kutha meat</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes halal meat preparation.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The religiously recommended method of slaughter among <a href="/wiki/Sikhs" title="Sikhs">Sikhs</a>, known as <span title="Punjabi-language romanization"><i lang="pa-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">jhatka</a></i></span>, is likewise incompatible with halal principles,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as with this method not all of the blood is drained from the meat.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Concerns_for_animal_welfare">Concerns for animal welfare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Concerns for animal welfare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eidpakistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eidpakistan.jpg/250px-Eidpakistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eidpakistan.jpg/330px-Eidpakistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eidpakistan.jpg/500px-Eidpakistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a> Islamic holiday in Pakistan</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Stunning" title="Stunning">Stunning</a> of the animal is not allowed before slaughtering, unless necessary to calm down a violent animal.<sup id="cite_ref-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/UK_Food_Standards_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Food Standards Agency">UK Food Standards Agency</a> figures from 2011 suggest that 84% of cattle, 81% of sheep and 88% of chickens slaughtered for halal meat were stunned before they died. Supermarkets selling halal products also report that all animals are stunned before they are slaughtered. <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a>, for example, says "the only difference between the halal meat it sells and other meat is that it was blessed as it was killed."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Concerns about animal suffering from slaughter without prior stunning has resulted in the ban of slaughter of unstunned animals in <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Certification">Certification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Certification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg/220px-HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg/330px-HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg/440px-HalalIndiaCertificate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2338" data-file-height="1700" /></a><figcaption>An example of a halal certificate from India</figcaption></figure> <p>Certification for halal products is given by legal authorities in most <a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Muslim-majority</a> countries, while in other countries, it is voluntarily acquired by companies and issued by non-governmental organizations for an annual fee.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Halal_certification_in_the_US">Halal certification in the US</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Halal certification in the US"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Halal certifications are provided by a number of agencies in the United States. Depending on how the certification will be used for domestic or international export, the certification may need to be done by a qualified entity. If it's for domestic use a local agency with proper knowledge, training and background can issue a halal certificate. If the certificate is going to be used for export then the halal certifier needs to be accredited by the country the halal product is being exported to. A company that needs to certify its product must do their due diligence when hiring a certifier. There are a number of halal certifiers in the US including ISWA Halal; ISA Halal; Halal Monitoring Services (HMS), based out of <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois;<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Halal Food Standards Alliance of America (HFSAA), based out of <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Halal_food_outrage2_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halal_food_outrage2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another agency that can help companies identify and screen the proper halal certifier is the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halalexpousa.com/ushc/">US Halal Consultants</a> based in Fairfax, Virginia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Criticism">Criticism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Australia, <a href="/wiki/Halal_certification_in_Australia" title="Halal certification in Australia">halal food certification</a> has been criticized by groups who claim that certifying foods as halal leads to consumers subsidizing a particular religious belief.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Federation_of_Islamic_Councils" title="Australian Federation of Islamic Councils">Australian Federation of Islamic Councils</a> spokesman <a href="/wiki/Keysar_Trad" title="Keysar Trad">Keysar Trad</a> told a journalist in July 2014 that this was an attempt to exploit <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_Australia" title="Islamophobia in Australia">anti-Muslim sentiments in Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Halal_food_outrage3_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halal_food_outrage3-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study in 2022 showed that halal certifications did not necessarily reflect the extent to which a halal product came about in whole, and called for greater means of assurance and transparent qualitative methods of halal certification.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business">Business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Chamber_of_Commerce_and_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubai Chamber of Commerce and Industry">Dubai Chamber of Commerce and Industry</a> estimated the global industry value of halal food consumer purchases to be $1.1 trillion in 2013, accounting for 16.6 percent of the global food and beverage market, with an annual growth of 6.9 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Growth regions include <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> ($197 million market value in 2012) and <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> ($100 million).<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> market for halal food has an estimated annual growth of around 15 percent and is worth an estimated $30 billion,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> approximately $8 billion of which are accounted for in France.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The halal food and beverage industry has also made a significant impact on supermarkets and other food business such as restaurants. French supermarkets had halal food sales totalling $210 million in 2011, a 10.5% growth from five years prior. In France, the market for halal foods is even larger than the market for other types of common foods. For example, in 2010, the market for halal foods and beverages in France was nearly twice that of organic foods.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Auchan" title="Auchan">Auchan</a>, a large French supermarket chain, now sells 80 certified halal meat products, along with 30 pre-cooked halal meals and 40 frozen halal products. Upscale restaurants and catering services have also added halal foods to their menus. In addition, many beverage companies such as <a href="/wiki/Evian" title="Evian">Evian</a> have taken the effort to add a halal stamp on their products to show that their water and other beverages are pure and not haram or forbidden under Islamic law.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interaction_with_global_regulation">Interaction with global regulation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Interaction with global regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Halal standards and regulations have been considered as an obstacle to international trade while the discrimination towards import products also lacks transparency. Trade disputes related to halal have emerged even among Muslim and Islamic countries, for instance at the regional level within the ASEAN.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="European_Union">European Union</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: European Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 December 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the European Union</a> ruled that member countries may ban religious slaughter to promote <a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animal welfare</a> and could impose non-lethal stunning before the killing of animals. The ruling was in response to a challenge to a 2017 Flemish government prohibition on the killing of animals without prior non-lethal (also called reversible) stunning by Jewish and Muslim associations.<sup id="cite_ref-Politico_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Politico-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="India">India</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations#Foods" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">Hindu–Islamic relations § Foods</a></div> <p>The Muslim community has been receptive of halal food and certification.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the right-wing <a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> groups in India have protested against the sale of Halal food in India. <a href="/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishva_Hindu_Parishad" title="Vishva Hindu Parishad">Vishva Hindu Parishad</a> and other Hindutva groups have run door to door campaigns in the state of <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, asking people not to purchase halal meat. In March 2022 the Hindutva group Bajrang Dal physically attacked a Muslim meat seller, five persons were arrested in the incident. In March 2022, <a href="/wiki/C._T._Ravi" title="C. T. Ravi">C. T. Ravi</a>, national general secretary for the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party, referred to halal food as "economic jihad".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of August 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, an estimated 27 UK <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a> supermarkets, in addition to most urban <a href="/wiki/Asda" title="Asda">Asda</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Morrisons" title="Morrisons">Morrisons</a> supermarkets, had halal meat counters, selling meat approved for consumption by Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-halalTesco_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halalTesco-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Food Standards Agency Animal Welfare Update report, published September 2017, 16 percent of animals slaughtered by the halal method were not stunned before slaughter, which violates <a href="/wiki/RSPCA" title="RSPCA">RSPCA</a> standards on animal welfare.<sup id="cite_ref-halal_RSPCA_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halal_RSPCA-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is legal in the UK due to an exemption in the law granted to Jews and Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-food_applications">Non-food applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Non-food applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Halal_tourism" title="Halal tourism">Halal tourism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance" title="Islamic banking and finance">Islamic banking and finance</a></div> <p>In addition to food and diet, a halal lifestyle can include <a href="/wiki/Halal_tourism" title="Halal tourism">travel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance" title="Islamic banking and finance">finance</a>, clothing, media, recreation, cosmetics.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A halal lifestyle can even involve professional practises ranging from industrial and manufacturing logistics to supply chains.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmaceuticals">Pharmaceuticals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Pharmaceuticals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some Muslims refrain from using pharmaceuticals that are not halal. This distinction is most noticeably practiced in <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has a large halal pharmaceutical industry, complete with government regulations to make sure the products are <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">tayyib</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, the Quran obliges Muslims to seek treatment, including preventive ones, for diseases regardless of what the care provider believes in.<sup id="cite_ref-AU_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AU-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, medicines containing animal products like <a href="/wiki/Gelatin" title="Gelatin">gelatin</a> have been deemed permissible by a 1995 council of Islamic jurisprudents, making such distinction unnecessary.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decentralized nature of Islam allows both opinions to exist. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vaccines">Vaccines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Vaccines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Vaccination_and_religion" title="Vaccination and religion">Vaccination and religion</a></div> <p>The controversy over pharmaceuticals has led to the refusal of childhood vaccination in some Muslim-majority countries,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite many religious leaders expressly endorsing vaccination.<sup id="cite_ref-aap_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aap-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also a concern in the rollout of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AU_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AU-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_care">Personal care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Personal care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Feminine_hygiene" title="Feminine hygiene">Feminine hygiene</a> products and diapers have been certified as halal in Malaysia. Such certification is not required by the religion, nor is there a demand from Muslims. Critics<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (May 2021)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> consider such "unnecessary" certification as little more than a marketing <a href="/wiki/Gimmick" title="Gimmick">gimmick</a>, e.g., halal labels on clearly vegetarian soft drinks or naturally grown food items like cereals, pulses, vegetables and processed foods made exclusively from vegetable products.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (May 2021)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/60px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/40px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/60px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/120px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/60px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/120px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_ethics" title="Islamic ethics">Islamic ethics</a></li> <li><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Al-Jami%27a" title="Al-Jami'a">Al-Jami'a</a></i></span>, a Shi'a text which contains all the details of halal things.</li> <li><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Istihlal" title="Istihlal">Istihlal</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halal_certification_in_Australia" title="Halal certification in Australia">Halal certification in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halal_certification_in_Europe" title="Halal certification in Europe">Halal certification in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_drink_prohibitions" title="Food and drink prohibitions">Food and drink prohibitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Kashrut</a> (Jewish dietary laws)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws" title="Christian dietary laws">Christian dietary laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_pork_taboo" title="Scottish pork taboo">Scottish pork taboo</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/halal">"Definition of HALAL"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+HALAL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fhalal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/168">"Halal Meaning and Definition"</a>. <i>Quran.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quran.com&rft.atitle=Halal+Meaning+and+Definition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.com%2F2%2F168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/answers/21527/the-basis-of-fiqh-is-to-determine-what-is-halal-and-what-is-haram">"Introduction to Islamic Fiqh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IslamQA" class="mw-redirect" title="IslamQA">IslamQA</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IslamQA&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Islamic+Fiqh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2Fanswers%2F21527%2Fthe-basis-of-fiqh-is-to-determine-what-is-halal-and-what-is-haram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halalfoodauthority.com">"The Halal Market: A Growing Global Phenomenon"</a>. <i>Halal Food Authority</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Halal+Food+Authority&rft.atitle=The+Halal+Market%3A+A+Growing+Global+Phenomenon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhalalfoodauthority.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/financialsector/brief/islamic-finance">"Islamic Finance Principles"</a>. <i>World Bank</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Bank&rft.atitle=Islamic+Finance+Principles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org%2Fen%2Ftopic%2Ffinancialsector%2Fbrief%2Fislamic-finance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifanca.org">"The Global Halal Market"</a>. <i>Islamic Food and Nutrition Council of America</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamic+Food+and+Nutrition+Council+of+America&rft.atitle=The+Global+Halal+Market&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifanca.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vikor-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vikor_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vikor_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVikør2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Vikør, Knut S. (2014). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0292?rskey=sOBRVr&result=410">"Ḥalāl"</a></span>. In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>Sharīʿah</i>. <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5"><bdi>978-0-19-530513-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shar%C4%AB%CA%BFah&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530513-5&rft.aulast=Vik%C3%B8r&rft.aufirst=Knut+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001%2Facref-9780195305135-e-0292%3Frskey%3DsOBRVr%26result%3D410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-campo-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-campo_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJuan_Eduardo_Campo2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Juan Eduardo Campo, ed. (2009). "Halal". <i>Encyclopedia of Islam</i>. <a href="/wiki/Infobase_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Infobase Publishing">Infobase Publishing</a>. p. 284.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Halal&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=284&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoQ-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLowry,_Joseph_E2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lowry, Joseph E (2006). "Lawful and Unlawful". In Jane Dammen McAuliffe (ed.). <i>Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān</i>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00107">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00107</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lawful+and+Unlawful&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00107&rft.au=Lowry%2C+Joseph+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halalhmc.org/resources/definition-of-halal/">"Definition of Halal"</a>. <i>Halal Monitoring Committee U.K</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Halal+Monitoring+Committee+U.K.&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Halal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhalalhmc.org%2Fresources%2Fdefinition-of-halal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412041724/https://www.icv.org.au/about/about-islam-overview/what-is-halal-a-guide-for-non-muslims/">"What is Halal? A Guide for Non-Muslims"</a>. <i>Islamic Council of Victoria (ICV)</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icv.org.au/about/about-islam-overview/what-is-halal-a-guide-for-non-muslims/">the original</a> on 12 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamic+Council+of+Victoria+%28ICV%29&rft.atitle=What+is+Halal%3F+A+Guide+for+Non-Muslims&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icv.org.au%2Fabout%2Fabout-islam-overview%2Fwhat-is-halal-a-guide-for-non-muslims%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-corpus.quran.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-corpus.quran.com_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://corpus.quran.com/concept.jsp?id=pork">"Pork (لَحم الخنزير) From the Quranic Arabic Corpus – Ontology of Quranic Concepts"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pork+%28%D9%84%D9%8E%D8%AD%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%29+From+the+Quranic+Arabic+Corpus+%E2%80%93+Ontology+of+Quranic+Concepts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcorpus.quran.com%2Fconcept.jsp%3Fid%3Dpork&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2/173">"Surah Al-Baqarah [2:173]"</a>. <i>Surah Al-Baqarah [2:173]</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Surah+Al-Baqarah+%5B2%3A173%5D&rft.atitle=Surah+Al-Baqarah+%5B2%3A173%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.com%2F2%2F173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbidden_food_1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forbidden_food_1_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/an-nahl/115">"Surah An-Nahl - 115"</a>. <i>Quran.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quran.com&rft.atitle=Surah+An-Nahl+-+115&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.com%2Fan-nahl%2F115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslimversity.com/?s=seafood">"You searched for seafood • Muslimversity"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=You+searched+for+seafood+%E2%80%A2+Muslimversity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslimversity.com%2F%3Fs%3Dseafood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isahalal.com/news-events/blog/traditional-vegetarian-halal-foods">"Is Vegetarian Cuisine always Halal?"</a>. <i>Islamic Services of America (ISA)</i>. 24 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamic+Services+of+America+%28ISA%29&rft.atitle=Is+Vegetarian+Cuisine+always+Halal%3F&rft.date=2020-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isahalal.com%2Fnews-events%2Fblog%2Ftraditional-vegetarian-halal-foods&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKenji_Sugibayashi,_Eddy_Yusuf,_Hiroaki_Todo,_Sabrina_Dahlizar,_Pajaree_Sakdiset,_Florencio_JrArce,_and_Gerard_Lee_See2019" class="citation journal cs1">Kenji Sugibayashi, Eddy Yusuf, Hiroaki Todo, Sabrina Dahlizar, Pajaree Sakdiset, Florencio JrArce, and Gerard Lee See (1 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fcosmetics6030037">"Halal Cosmetics: A Review on Ingredients, Production, and Testing Methods"</a>. <i>Cosmetics</i>. <b>6</b> (3): 37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fcosmetics6030037">10.3390/cosmetics6030037</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cosmetics&rft.atitle=Halal+Cosmetics%3A+A+Review+on+Ingredients%2C+Production%2C+and+Testing+Methods&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=37&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fcosmetics6030037&rft.au=Kenji+Sugibayashi%2C+Eddy+Yusuf%2C+Hiroaki+Todo%2C+Sabrina+Dahlizar%2C+Pajaree+Sakdiset%2C+Florencio+JrArce%2C+and+Gerard+Lee+See&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Fcosmetics6030037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://impact.economist.com/perspectives/sites/default/files/eiu-diedc_article_5_halal_pharma_18th_october_2020_0.pdf">"Halal for health: Scaling up halal pharmaceuticals"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Economist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Halal+for+health%3A+Scaling+up+halal+pharmaceuticals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimpact.economist.com%2Fperspectives%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Feiu-diedc_article_5_halal_pharma_18th_october_2020_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://irebd.com/quran/english/surah-5/verse-3/">Quran Surah Al-Maaida ( Verse 3 )</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://irebd.com/quran/english/surah-5/verse-90/">Quran Surah Al-Maidah ( Verse 90 )</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaqsood2004" class="citation book cs1">Maqsood, Rubaiyat Waris (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islam0000maqs"><i>Islam</i></a></span>. Teach Yourself World Faiths. London: Hodder & Stoughton. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islam0000maqs/page/204">204</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-340-60901-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-340-60901-9"><bdi>978-0-340-60901-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam&rft.place=London&rft.series=Teach+Yourself+World+Faiths&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Hodder+%26+Stoughton&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-340-60901-9&rft.aulast=Maqsood&rft.aufirst=Rubaiyat+Waris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislam0000maqs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/downloadreportbyfilename?filename=Halal%20Food%20Market_Paris_France_11-15-2013.pdf">"USDA Foreign Agricultural Service – Halal Food Market"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USDA+Foreign+Agricultural+Service+%E2%80%93+Halal+Food+Market&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.fas.usda.gov%2Fnewgainapi%2Fapi%2Freport%2Fdownloadreportbyfilename%3Ffilename%3DHalal%2520Food%2520Market_Paris_France_11-15-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/britain/2014/07/04/halal-la-carte">"Halal la carte"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613">0013-0613</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Halal+la+carte&rft.issn=0013-0613&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fbritain%2F2014%2F07%2F04%2Fhalal-la-carte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BMC-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BMC_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BMC_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Omobowale EB, Singer PA, Daar AS. (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-698X/9/18">The three main monotheistic religions and gm food technology: an overview of perspectives.</a> BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2009 Aug 22;9:18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHasan2019" class="citation web cs1">Hasan, Kamrul (25 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/event/2019/07/25/islamic-scholars-back-agricultural-innovations-as-halal">"Islamic scholars back agricultural innovations as 'halal'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Dhaka Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=Islamic+scholars+back+agricultural+innovations+as+%27halal%27&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft.aulast=Hasan&rft.aufirst=Kamrul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.dhakatribune.com%2Fbangladesh%2Fevent%2F2019%2F07%2F25%2Fislamic-scholars-back-agricultural-innovations-as-halal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBangladesh" class="citation web cs1">Bangladesh, Farming Future. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.farmingfuturebd.com/">"Farming Future Bangladesh"</a>. <i>Farming Future Bangladesh</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Farming+Future+Bangladesh&rft.atitle=Farming+Future+Bangladesh&rft.aulast=Bangladesh&rft.aufirst=Farming+Future&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.farmingfuturebd.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090430161013/http://www.yahyayunus.net/2.html">"yahyayunus.net"</a>. <i>www.yahyayunus.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yahyayunus.net/2.html">the original</a> on 30 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.yahyayunus.net&rft.atitle=yahyayunus.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahyayunus.net%2F2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRahman2017" class="citation journal cs1">Rahman, Sira (17 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332932">"Religion and Animal Welfare—An Islamic Perspective"</a>. <i>Animals</i>. <b>7</b> (12): 11. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fani7020011">10.3390/ani7020011</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332932">5332932</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28218670">28218670</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animals&rft.atitle=Religion+and+Animal+Welfare%E2%80%94An+Islamic+Perspective&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=11&rft.date=2017-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5332932%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28218670&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fani7020011&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Sira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5332932&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-halalcertification.ie-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-halalcertification.ie_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://halalcertification.ie/halal/islamic-method-of-slaughtering/">"Islamic Method of Slaughtering – Department of Halal Certification"</a>. <i>halal certification.ie</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=halal+certification.ie&rft.atitle=Islamic+Method+of+Slaughtering+%E2%80%93+Department+of+Halal+Certification&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhalalcertification.ie%2Fhalal%2Fislamic-method-of-slaughtering%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Qasim-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Qasim_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFQasmi2009" class="citation book cs1">Qasmi, Qazi Mujahidul Islam (1 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H1BiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA47"><i>The Islamic Concept of Animal Slaughter: احكام الذبيحة من المنظور الاسلامي [انكليزي] ترجمة</i></a>. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. p. 44:47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7451-6060-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7451-6060-7"><bdi>978-2-7451-6060-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+Concept+of+Animal+Slaughter%3A+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A9+%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A+%5B%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%5D+%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9&rft.pages=44%3A47&rft.pub=Dar+Al+Kotob+Al+Ilmiyah+%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.isbn=978-2-7451-6060-7&rft.aulast=Qasmi&rft.aufirst=Qazi+Mujahidul+Islam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH1BiDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halalcertification.ie/islamic-method-of-slaughtering/">"Islamic Method of Slaughtering"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamic+Method+of+Slaughtering&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhalalcertification.ie%2Fislamic-method-of-slaughtering%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Department_of_Halal_Certification_E_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halalcertification.ie/islamic-method-of-slaughtering/">"Department of Halal Certification EU"</a>. <i>Department of Halal Certification EU</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Halal+Certification+EU&rft.atitle=Department+of+Halal+Certification+EU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhalalcertification.ie%2Fislamic-method-of-slaughtering%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbidden_food_2-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-forbidden_food_2_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup>[<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D5%3Averse%3D3">5:3</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/answers/88206/conditions-of-eating-meat-slaughtered-by-jews-and-christians">"Conditions of Eating Meat Slaughtered by Jews and Christians - Islam Question & Answer"</a>. <i>islamqa.info</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=islamqa.info&rft.atitle=Conditions+of+Eating+Meat+Slaughtered+by+Jews+and+Christians+-+Islam+Question+%26+Answer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2Fanswers%2F88206%2Fconditions-of-eating-meat-slaughtered-by-jews-and-christians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justislam.co.uk/can-eat-meat-from-christian-jewish-butcher-p-168.html?osCsid=laoughfj7skfoc838t3951qtu6">"Lawful Foods"</a>. Just Islam<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2014</span>. <q>Now in the case of Jews this is very easy. As long as the Jew is a practicing Jew and the meat is slaughtered in accordance with Jewish law (<i>Torat Moshe</i>) then this meat and other Kosher food is lawful (<i>halal</i>) and can be eaten by Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lawful+Foods&rft.pub=Just+Islam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.justislam.co.uk%2Fcan-eat-meat-from-christian-jewish-butcher-p-168.html%3FosCsid%3Dlaoughfj7skfoc838t3951qtu6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMenon2020" class="citation web cs1">Menon, Aditya (14 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thequint.com/news/india/boycott-halal-products-hindutva-muslims-jhatka-meat">"Why Hindutva Outfits Are Calling for a Boycott of Halal Products"</a>. <i>TheQuint</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheQuint&rft.atitle=Why+Hindutva+Outfits+Are+Calling+for+a+Boycott+of+Halal+Products&rft.date=2020-05-14&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=Aditya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thequint.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Fboycott-halal-products-hindutva-muslims-jhatka-meat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaren_PechilisSelva_J._Raj2013" class="citation book cs1">Karen Pechilis; Selva J. Raj (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA242"><i>South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today</i></a>. Routledge. p. 242. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-44851-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-44851-2"><bdi>978-0-415-44851-2</bdi></a>. <q>The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat, or meat of an animal or fowl slaughtered slowly.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asian+Religions%3A+Tradition+and+Today&rft.pages=242&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-415-44851-2&rft.au=Karen+Pechilis&rft.au=Selva+J.+Raj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkaubzRxh-U0C%26pg%3DPA242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zppykqt/revision/6">"What does this mean in practice? - Animal rights - GCSE Religious Studies Revision"</a>. <i>BBC Bitesize</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Bitesize&rft.atitle=What+does+this+mean+in+practice%3F+-+Animal+rights+-+GCSE+Religious+Studies+Revision&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fbitesize%2Fguides%2Fzppykqt%2Frevision%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/halal-or-jhatka-punjab-govt-advised-to-make-eateries-disclose-meat-category-101639670248101.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Halal' or 'jhatka'? Punjab govt advised to make eateries disclose meat category"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 16 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=%27Halal%27+or+%27jhatka%27%3F+Punjab+govt+advised+to+make+eateries+disclose+meat+category&rft.date=2021-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia-news%2Fhalal-or-jhatka-punjab-govt-advised-to-make-eateries-disclose-meat-category-101639670248101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/halal-meat-against-hinduism-sikhism-restaurants-must-specify-south-delhi-body-7120423/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Halal' meat against Hinduism, Sikhism, restaurants must specify: South Delhi body"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>. 26 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=%27Halal%27+meat+against+Hinduism%2C+Sikhism%2C+restaurants+must+specify%3A+South+Delhi+body&rft.date=2020-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fcities%2Fdelhi%2Fhalal-meat-against-hinduism-sikhism-restaurants-must-specify-south-delhi-body-7120423%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freepressjournal.in/viral/netizens-slam-bcci-for-making-halal-meat-compulsory-for-indian-cricket-team-raise-questions-on-new-diet-plan">"Netizens slam BCCI for making Halal meat compulsory for Indian cricket team; raise questions on new diet plan"</a>. <i>Free Press Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Free+Press+Journal&rft.atitle=Netizens+slam+BCCI+for+making+Halal+meat+compulsory+for+Indian+cricket+team%3B+raise+questions+on+new+diet+plan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepressjournal.in%2Fviral%2Fnetizens-slam-bcci-for-making-halal-meat-compulsory-for-indian-cricket-team-raise-questions-on-new-diet-plan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKounteya_Sinha,_Amit_Bhattacharya_&_Anuradha_Varma2012" class="citation news cs1">Kounteya Sinha, Amit Bhattacharya & Anuradha Varma (27 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/science-of-meat/articleshow/11672654.cms">"Science of meat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Science+of+meat&rft.date=2012-03-27&rft.au=Kounteya+Sinha%2C+Amit+Bhattacharya+%26+Anuradha+Varma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fscience-of-meat%2Farticleshow%2F11672654.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFM_Hasan2022" class="citation news cs1">M Hasan (4 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news9live.com/india/halal-versus-jhatka-both-schools-of-slaughter-have-meat-in-their-arguments-162696">"Halal versus jhatka: Both schools of slaughter have meat in their arguments"</a>. News Nine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Halal+versus+jhatka%3A+Both+schools+of+slaughter+have+meat+in+their+arguments&rft.date=2022-04-04&rft.au=M+Hasan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news9live.com%2Findia%2Fhalal-versus-jhatka-both-schools-of-slaughter-have-meat-in-their-arguments-162696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEardley2014" class="citation news cs1">Eardley, Nick (12 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-27324224">"What is halal meat?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=What+is+halal+meat%3F&rft.date=2014-05-12&rft.aulast=Eardley&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-27324224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSekularac,_Ivana2011" class="citation news cs1">Sekularac, Ivana (28 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dutch-religion-slaughter-idUSTRE75R4E420110628">"Dutch vote to ban religious slaughter of animals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dutch+vote+to+ban+religious+slaughter+of+animals&rft.date=2011-06-28&rft.au=Sekularac%2C+Ivana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-dutch-religion-slaughter-idUSTRE75R4E420110628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/02/25/comment-danish-halal-kosher-ban-leaves-religious-groups-nowhere-turn">"Comment: Danish halal, kosher ban leaves religious groups with nowhere to turn"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">Special Broadcasting Service</a></i>. 25 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Broadcasting+Service&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+Danish+halal%2C+kosher+ban+leaves+religious+groups+with+nowhere+to+turn&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbs.com.au%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F2014%2F02%2F25%2Fcomment-danish-halal-kosher-ban-leaves-religious-groups-nowhere-turn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:22_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGaneshanJohn2022" class="citation web cs1">Ganeshan, Balakrishna; John, Haritha (5 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/what-exactly-halal-certification-meat-and-non-meat-products-explained-162610">"What exactly is halal certification for meat and non-meat products? Explained"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Minute" title="The News Minute">The News Minute</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+News+Minute&rft.atitle=What+exactly+is+halal+certification+for+meat+and+non-meat+products%3F+Explained&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.aulast=Ganeshan&rft.aufirst=Balakrishna&rft.au=John%2C+Haritha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewsminute.com%2Farticle%2Fwhat-exactly-halal-certification-meat-and-non-meat-products-explained-162610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hmsusa.org/">"Halal Monitoring Services - Home"</a>. <i>hmsusa.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hmsusa.org&rft.atitle=Halal+Monitoring+Services+-+Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhmsusa.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halal_food_outrage2-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halal_food_outrage2_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMasanauskas2014" class="citation news cs1">Masanauskas, John (18 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150427151510/http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/halal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics/story-e6frf7jo-1226992523050">"Halal food outrage from anti-Islam critics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/halal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics/story-e6frf7jo-1226992523050">the original</a> on 27 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herald+Sun&rft.atitle=Halal+food+outrage+from+anti-Islam+critics&rft.date=2014-07-18&rft.aulast=Masanauskas&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Fhalal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics%2Fstory-e6frf7jo-1226992523050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2014" class="citation news cs1">Johnson, Chris (28 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/national/why-halal-certification-is-in-turmoil-20141227-12cmd3.html">"Why halal certification is in turmoil"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Why+halal+certification+is+in+turmoil&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnational%2Fwhy-halal-certification-is-in-turmoil-20141227-12cmd3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halal_food_outrage3-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halal_food_outrage3_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMasanauskas2014" class="citation news cs1">Masanauskas, John (18 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150427151510/http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/halal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics/story-e6frf7jo-1226992523050">"Halal food outrage from anti-Islam critics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/halal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics/story-e6frf7jo-1226992523050">the original</a> on 27 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herald+Sun&rft.atitle=Halal+food+outrage+from+anti-Islam+critics&rft.date=2014-07-18&rft.aulast=Masanauskas&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Fhalal-food-outrage-from-antiislam-critics%2Fstory-e6frf7jo-1226992523050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEl_Daouk2022" class="citation journal cs1">El Daouk, Mohamad (1 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2022-0016">"Introducing ḥalāl to construction supply chains in the UK's construction sector"</a>. <i>Journal of Islamic Marketing</i>. <b>14</b> (10): <span class="nowrap">2385–</span>2403. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2FJIMA-01-2022-0016">10.1108/JIMA-01-2022-0016</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1759-0833">1759-0833</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:252059540">252059540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Islamic+Marketing&rft.atitle=Introducing+%E1%B8%A5al%C4%81l+to+construction+supply+chains+in+the+UK%27s+construction+sector&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2385-%3C%2Fspan%3E2403&rft.date=2022-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A252059540%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1759-0833&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2FJIMA-01-2022-0016&rft.aulast=El+Daouk&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1108%2FJIMA-01-2022-0016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zawya.com/story/Dubai_Chamber_Report_shows_increasing_preference_for_halal_food_as_global_market_grows_to_US11_trillion_in_2013-ZAWYA20140810094306/">"Dubai Chamber Report shows increasing preference for halal food as global market grows to US$1.1 trn | Zawya"</a>. <i>www.zawya.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.zawya.com&rft.atitle=Dubai+Chamber+Report+shows+increasing+preference+for+halal+food+as+global+market+grows+to+US%241.1+trn+%7C+Zawya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zawya.com%2Fstory%2FDubai_Chamber_Report_shows_increasing_preference_for_halal_food_as_global_market_grows_to_US11_trillion_in_2013-ZAWYA20140810094306%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911020925/http://www.fdfworld.com/production/206/REPORT:-Consumer-Demand-for-Halal-is-On-the-Rise">"REPORT: Consumer Demand for Halal is on the Rise"</a>. <i>www.fdfworld.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fdfworld.com/production/206/REPORT:-Consumer-Demand-for-Halal-is-On-the-Rise">the original</a> on 11 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fdfworld.com&rft.atitle=REPORT%3A+Consumer+Demand+for+Halal+is+on+the+Rise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fdfworld.com%2Fproduction%2F206%2FREPORT%3A-Consumer-Demand-for-Halal-is-On-the-Rise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Halal Food Market". <i>Gain.fas.usda.gov</i>, Growth Agricultural Information Network, 15 November 2015, gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent GAIN Publications/Halal Food Market_Paris_France_11-15-2013.pdf. Accessed Nov.2018 1:00 pm</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBaume2010" class="citation news cs1">Baume, Maïa de la (8 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/09/world/europe/09france.html">"Halal Food in France Takes an Upscale Turn"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Halal+Food+in+France+Takes+an+Upscale+Turn&rft.date=2010-09-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Baume&rft.aufirst=Ma%C3%AFa+de+la&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F09%2F09%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F09france.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohanSchebesta2022" class="citation journal cs1">Johan, Eva; Schebesta, Hanna (1 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjiel%2Fjgac003">"Religious Regulation Meets International Trade Law: Halal Measures, a Trade Obstacle? Evidence from the SPS and TBT Committees"</a>. <i>Journal of International Economic Law</i>. <b>25</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">61–</span>73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjiel%2Fjgac003">10.1093/jiel/jgac003</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1369-3034">1369-3034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+International+Economic+Law&rft.atitle=Religious+Regulation+Meets+International+Trade+Law%3A+Halal+Measures%2C+a+Trade+Obstacle%3F+Evidence+from+the+SPS+and+TBT+Committees&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E61-%3C%2Fspan%3E73&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjiel%2Fjgac003&rft.issn=1369-3034&rft.aulast=Johan&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.au=Schebesta%2C+Hanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fjiel%252Fjgac003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/Matrix-of-Actual-Cases-as-of-26-April-21.pdf">"Matrix of actual cases on NTMs/trade barriers"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ASEAN portal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ASEAN+portal&rft.atitle=Matrix+of+actual+cases+on+NTMs%2Ftrade+barriers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasean.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2FMatrix-of-Actual-Cases-as-of-26-April-21.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Politico-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Politico_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNelsen2020" class="citation news cs1">Nelsen, Arthur (17 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-states-can-ban-kosher-and-halal-ritual-slaughter-court-rules/">"EU states can ban kosher and halal ritual slaughter, court rules"</a>. <i>Politico</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=EU+states+can+ban+kosher+and+halal+ritual+slaughter%2C+court+rules&rft.date=2020-12-17&rft.aulast=Nelsen&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Feu-states-can-ban-kosher-and-halal-ritual-slaughter-court-rules%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bengaluru-news/discrimination-based-on-religion-owaisi-on-muslim-vendor-row-in-karnataka-101648730953613.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Discrimination based on religion…": Owaisi on Muslim vendor row in Karnataka"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=%27Discrimination+based+on+religion%E2%80%A6%22%3A+Owaisi+on+Muslim+vendor+row+in+Karnataka&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fcities%2Fbengaluru-news%2Fdiscrimination-based-on-religion-owaisi-on-muslim-vendor-row-in-karnataka-101648730953613.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.btsa.com/en/halal-certification-food-industry/">"The Halal certification in the food industry and this meanings"</a>. <i>BTSA</i>. 25 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BTSA&rft.atitle=The+Halal+certification+in+the+food+industry+and+this+meanings&rft.date=2019-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.btsa.com%2Fen%2Fhalal-certification-food-industry%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewire.in/communalism/karnataka-halal-meat-muslim-hindutva">"Muslim Meat Seller Attacked as Karnataka Hindutva Groups Now Train Focus on 'Halal' Meat"</a>. <i>The Wire</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wire&rft.atitle=Muslim+Meat+Seller+Attacked+as+Karnataka+Hindutva+Groups+Now+Train+Focus+on+%27Halal%27+Meat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewire.in%2Fcommunalism%2Fkarnataka-halal-meat-muslim-hindutva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-halalTesco-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-halalTesco_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100308212651/http://www.nationalhalal.com/viewlocator.php">"National Halal Centre"</a>. <i>National Halal Food Group</i>. National Halal Food Group. 20 August 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalhalal.com/viewlocator.php">the original</a> on 8 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Halal+Food+Group&rft.atitle=National+Halal+Centre&rft.date=2012-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalhalal.com%2Fviewlocator.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-halal_RSPCA-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-halal_RSPCA_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/farm/slaughter/religiousslaughter">"Religious Slaughter – RSPCA"</a>. RSPCA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Religious+Slaughter+%E2%80%93+RSPCA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rspca.org.uk%2Fadviceandwelfare%2Ffarm%2Fslaughter%2Freligiousslaughter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/politics/2012/05/halal-hysteria">"Halal hysteria"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Statesman" title="New Statesman">New Statesman</a></i>. 9 May 2012. <q>The stunning of livestock before slaughter has been compulsory in the EU since 1979 but most member states, including the UK, grant exemptions to Muslims and Jews.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Halal+hysteria&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Fpolitics%2F2012%2F05%2Fhalal-hysteria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180920170939/http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/best_practice_halal_life_indonesia.pdf">"Halal Lifestyle in Indonesia – UN World Tourism Organization"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/best_practice_halal_life_indonesia.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Halal+Lifestyle+in+Indonesia+%E2%80%93+UN+World+Tourism+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcf.cdn.unwto.org%2Fsites%2Fall%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2Fbest_practice_halal_life_indonesia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myhealth.gov.my/en/halal-haram-medicines-islamic-perspective/">"Halal And Haram Medicines (Islamic Perspective)"</a>. <i>PORTAL MyHEALTH</i>. 8 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PORTAL+MyHEALTH&rft.atitle=Halal+And+Haram+Medicines+%28Islamic+Perspective%29&rft.date=2016-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.myhealth.gov.my%2Fen%2Fhalal-haram-medicines-islamic-perspective%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332671712">"Prospects of Halal Pharmaceuticals"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prospects+of+Halal+Pharmaceuticals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F332671712&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AU-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AU_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AU_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHussain2020" class="citation web cs1">Hussain, Shadim (27 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/religion/overcoming-muslim-reticence-toward-covid-vaccine/12927958">"Why are some Muslims suspicious of a COVID-19 vaccine?"</a>. <i>ABC Religion & Ethics</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+Religion+%26+Ethics&rft.atitle=Why+are+some+Muslims+suspicious+of+a+COVID-19+vaccine%3F&rft.date=2020-11-27&rft.aulast=Hussain&rft.aufirst=Shadim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Freligion%2Fovercoming-muslim-reticence-toward-covid-vaccine%2F12927958&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGezairy_HA2001" class="citation web cs1">Gezairy HA (17 July 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.immunize.org/concerns/porcine.pdf">"(Form letter EDB.7/3 P6/61/3)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%28Form+letter+EDB.7%2F3+P6%2F61%2F3%29&rft.pub=World+Health+Organization%2C+Regional+Office+for+the+Eastern+Mediterranean&rft.date=2001-07-17&rft.au=Gezairy+HA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.immunize.org%2Fconcerns%2Fporcine.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAhmedLeeBukhshAl-Worafi2018" class="citation journal cs1">Ahmed, Ali; Lee, Kah S.; Bukhsh, Allah; Al-Worafi, Yaser M.; Sarker, Md. Moklesur R.; Ming, Long C.; Khan, Tahir M. (March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jiph.2017.09.007">"Outbreak of vaccine-preventable diseases in Muslim majority countries"</a>. <i>Journal of Infection and Public Health</i>. <b>11</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">153–</span>155. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jiph.2017.09.007">10.1016/j.jiph.2017.09.007</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988775">28988775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infection+and+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Outbreak+of+vaccine-preventable+diseases+in+Muslim+majority+countries&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E153-%3C%2Fspan%3E155&rft.date=2018-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jiph.2017.09.007&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28988775&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.au=Lee%2C+Kah+S.&rft.au=Bukhsh%2C+Allah&rft.au=Al-Worafi%2C+Yaser+M.&rft.au=Sarker%2C+Md.+Moklesur+R.&rft.au=Ming%2C+Long+C.&rft.au=Khan%2C+Tahir+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jiph.2017.09.007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aap-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aap_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maineaap.org/assets/docs/Religious-Views-of-Vaccination-At-a-Glance.pdf">"Religious Views of Vaccination At-A-Glance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Maine Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maine+Chapter%2C+American+Academy+of+Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Religious+Views+of+Vaccination+At-A-Glance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maineaap.org%2Fassets%2Fdocs%2FReligious-Views-of-Vaccination-At-a-Glance.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-birmingham-55752056">"Birmingham mosque becomes UK's first to offer Covid vaccine"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 21 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Birmingham+mosque+becomes+UK%27s+first+to+offer+Covid+vaccine&rft.date=2021-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-birmingham-55752056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPaddock2021" class="citation web cs1">Paddock, Richard C. (5 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/world/asia/indonesia-sinovac-vaccine-halal.html">"Is the Vaccine Halal? Indonesians Await the Answer"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Is+the+Vaccine+Halal%3F+Indonesians+Await+the+Answer&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft.aulast=Paddock&rft.aufirst=Richard+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F01%2F05%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Findonesia-sinovac-vaccine-halal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGateway" class="citation web cs1">Gateway, Salaam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salaamgateway.com/story/malaysian-company-says-halal-certification-for-its-diapers-sanitary-pads-signal-safety-and-quality-b">"Malaysian company says halal certification for its diapers, sanitary pads signal safety and quality but experts question motives"</a>. <i>Salaam Gateway - Global Islamic Economy Gateway</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salaam+Gateway+-+Global+Islamic+Economy+Gateway&rft.atitle=Malaysian+company+says+halal+certification+for+its+diapers%2C+sanitary+pads+signal+safety+and+quality+but+experts+question+motives&rft.aulast=Gateway&rft.aufirst=Salaam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salaamgateway.com%2Fstory%2Fmalaysian-company-says-halal-certification-for-its-diapers-sanitary-pads-signal-safety-and-quality-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHalal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yungman, Limor, "Food", in <i>Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God</i> (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol I.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halal&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Halal" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Halal">Halal</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/120px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Halal" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Halal"> Halal</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-27324224">What is halal meat?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130504025051/http://www.halalworld.org/home?lang=en">Halal World certificate</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islam_topics273" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam_topics" title="Template:Islam topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam_topics" title="Template talk:Islam topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islam_topics273" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Islam" title="Outline of Islam">Outline of Islam</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Islamic_theology" title="Schools of Islamic theology">Beliefs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God in Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Tawhid</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">In Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Revelation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Predestination_in_Islam" title="Predestination in Islam">Qadar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Resurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Resurrection">Judgement Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiest_sites_in_Islam" title="Holiest sites in Islam">Holiest sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" title="Five Pillars of Islam">Five Pillars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Shahada</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Salah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Islam" title="Fasting in Islam">Sawm</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Zakat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_religious_leaders" title="Islamic religious leaders">Leaders</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_history_of_Islam" title="Timeline of the history of Islam">Timeline of the history of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad" title="Succession to Muhammad">Succession to Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Early conquests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age" title="Islamic Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_early_Islam" title="Historiography of early Islam">Historiography</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Sahaba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine">Shi'a Imams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate"><i>Rashidun</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate of Córdoba">Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate" title="Fatimid Caliphate">Fatimid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almohad_Caliphate" title="Almohad Caliphate">Almohad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokoto_Caliphate" title="Sokoto Caliphate">Sokoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Caliphate" title="Ottoman Caliphate">Ottoman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Religious texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Seerah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qisas_Al-Anbiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Qisas Al-Anbiya">Story of Prophets</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">Denominations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash%27arism" title="Ash'arism">Ash'arism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharism" title="Atharism">Atharism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maturidism" title="Maturidism">Maturidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%27tazili" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'tazili">Mu'tazili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_movement" title="Salafi movement">Salafi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shi'ism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isma%27ilism" class="mw-redirect" title="Isma'ilism">Isma'ilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Alawites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Bektashi Alevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaydism" title="Zaydism">Zaydism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhakkima" title="Muhakkima">Muhakkima</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kharijites" title="Kharijites">Khawarij</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azariqa" title="Azariqa">Azariqa</a></li> <li>Moderate Kharijites <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadi Islam">Ibadi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azzabas" title="Azzabas">Azzabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nukkari" title="Nukkari">Nukkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam#Wahbi_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadi Islam">Wahbi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufri" title="Sufri">Sufri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najdat" title="Najdat">Najdat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Ahmadiyya_Movement_for_the_Propagation_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam">Lahori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quranism" title="Quranism">Quranism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-denominational_Muslim" title="Non-denominational Muslim">Non-denominational</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Life</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_culture" title="Islamic culture">Culture</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_Islam" title="Animals in Islam">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_association_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_children" title="Islam and children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_clothing" title="Islamic clothing">Clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_flags" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holidays" title="Islamic holidays">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morality_in_Islam" title="Morality in Islam">Moral teachings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_music" title="Islamic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_in_Islamic_philosophy" title="Peace in Islamic philosophy">Peace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism_in_Islam" title="Pacifism in Islam">Pacifism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" title="Political aspects of Islam">Political aspects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_democracy" title="Islam and democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_progressivism_within_Islam" title="Liberalism and progressivism within Islam">Liberalism and progressivism</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qurban_(Islamic_ritual_sacrifice)" title="Qurban (Islamic ritual sacrifice)">Qurbani</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_attitudes_towards_science" title="Islamic attitudes towards science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_humanity" title="Islam and humanity">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" title="Women in Islam">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT in Islam">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_by_country" title="Islam by country">Islam by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div id="LawJurisprudence273" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">Jurisprudence</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_economics" title="Islamic economics">Economics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance" title="Islamic banking and finance">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islamic_economics" title="History of Islamic economics">Economic history</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sukuk" title="Sukuk">Sukuk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Takaful" title="Takaful">Takaful</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Murabaha" title="Murabaha">Murabaha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riba" title="Riba">Riba</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_hygienical_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic hygienical jurisprudence">Hygiene</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghusl" title="Ghusl">Ghusl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miswak" title="Miswak">Miswak</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Najis" title="Najis">Najis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tayammum" title="Tayammum">Tayammum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_toilet_etiquette" title="Islamic toilet etiquette">Toilet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wudu" title="Wudu">Wudu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_family_jurisprudence" title="Islamic family jurisprudence">Family</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_marital_jurisprudence" title="Islamic marital jurisprudence">Marriage</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Sex</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Haya_(Islam)" title="Haya (Islam)">Haya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_marriage_contract" title="Islamic marriage contract">Marriage contract</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahr" title="Mahr">Mahr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahram" title="Mahram">Mahram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_Islam" title="Marriage in Islam">Nikah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nikah_mut%27ah" title="Nikah mut'ah">Nikah mut'ah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zina" title="Zina">Zina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;">Other aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baligh" title="Baligh">Baligh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_hygienical_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic hygienical jurisprudence">Cleanliness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_criminal_jurisprudence" title="Islamic criminal jurisprudence">Criminal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_violence" title="Islam and violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_domestic_violence" title="Islam and domestic violence">Domestic violence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_extremism" title="Islamic extremism">Islamic extremism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">Islamic terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam" title="Apostasy in Islam">Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_blasphemy" title="Islam and blasphemy">Blasphemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Islam" title="Capital punishment in Islam">Death penalty</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhabihah" title="Dhabihah">Dhabiĥa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Dhimmi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce_in_Islam" title="Divorce in Islam">Divorce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_ethics" title="Islamic ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adab_(Islam)" title="Adab (Islam)">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisir" title="Maisir">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_gender_segregation" title="Islam and gender segregation">Gender segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_honorifics" title="Islamic honorifics">Honorifics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hudud" title="Hudud">Hudud</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_inheritance_jurisprudence" title="Islamic inheritance jurisprudence">Inheritance</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">Jizya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_leadership" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic leadership">Leadership</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ma_malakat_aymanukum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma malakat aymanukum">Ma malakat aymanukum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_military_jurisprudence" title="Islamic military jurisprudence">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war in Islam">POWs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_slavery" title="Islamic views on slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_sharia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sources of sharia">Sources of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_theological_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic theological jurisprudence">Theological</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">Kalam</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhhab" title="Madhhab">Schools of islamic jurisprudence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div id="_Islamic_studies273" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="padding-left:2.5em;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Islamic studies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabesque" title="Arabesque">Arabesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calligraphy" title="Islamic calligraphy">Calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_rug" title="Oriental rug">Carpets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_garden" title="Islamic garden">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_geometric_patterns" title="Islamic geometric patterns">Geometric patterns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_music" title="Islamic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_pottery" title="Islamic pottery">Pottery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Science_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Science in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy_and_chemistry_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Alchemy and chemistry in the medieval Islamic world">Alchemy and chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmology_in_medieval_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmology in medieval Islam">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_and_cartography_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world">Geography and cartography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Medicine in the medieval Islamic world">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophthalmology_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Ophthalmology in the medieval Islamic world">Ophthalmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Physics in the medieval Islamic world">Physics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Islamic_philosophy" title="Early Islamic philosophy">Early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Islamic_philosophy" title="Contemporary Islamic philosophy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Eschatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">Theological</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrology_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Astrology in the medieval Islamic world">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_evolution" title="Islamic views on evolution">Creationism (evolution)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_feminism" title="Islamic feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_inventions_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_literature" title="Islamic literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_poetry" title="Islamic poetry">poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Psychology in the medieval Islamic world">Psychology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shu%27ubiyya" title="Shu'ubiyya">Shu'ubiyya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_non-Islamic_places_of_worship_into_mosques" title="Conversion of non-Islamic places of worship into mosques">Conversion to mosques</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div id="_Other273" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="padding-left:2.5em;"> </span>Other</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_other_religions" title="Islam and other religions">Other religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Islam" title="Christianity and Islam">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Islam" title="Catholic Church and Islam">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Mormonism" title="Islam and Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_and_Islam" title="Protestantism and Islam">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druze#Relationship_with_Muslims" title="Druze">Druzism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Jainism" title="Islam and Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic%E2%80%93Jewish_relations" title="Islamic–Jewish relations">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Sikhism" title="Islam and Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam" title="Apostasy in Islam">Apostasy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;background-color:#f7fdf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam_by_country" title="Apostasy in Islam by country">Apostasy in Islam by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex-Muslims" title="Ex-Muslims">Ex-Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_Muslims" title="List of former Muslims">List of former Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ex-Muslim_organisations" title="List of ex-Muslim organisations">List of ex-Muslim organisations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background:#dcf5dc;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islam" title="Criticism of Islam">Criticism of Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad" title="Criticism of Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran" title="Criticism of the Quran">Quran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural Muslim">Cultural Muslim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islamism" title="Criticism of Islamism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Islamism" title="Post-Islamism">Post-Islamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutbism" title="Qutbism">Qutbism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_view_of_miracles" title="Islamic view of miracles">Islamic view of miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nursing_in_Islam" title="Nursing in Islam">Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Muslims" title="Persecution of Muslims">Persecution of Muslims</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_minority_Muslim_groups" title="Persecution of minority Muslim groups">Minority Muslim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarian_violence_among_Muslims" title="Sectarian violence among Muslims">Sectarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quran_and_miracles" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran and miracles">Quran and miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Islam" title="Symbols of Islam">Symbolism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/20px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177823#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata856" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177823#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata856" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177823#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1741850/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4802709-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2006008707">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16940205n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16940205n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007542481805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halal&oldid=1282508971">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halal&oldid=1282508971</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Halal_food" title="Category:Halal food">Halal food</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Food_law" title="Category:Food law">Food law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islamic_terminology" title="Category:Islamic terminology">Islamic terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ritual_slaughter" title="Category:Ritual slaughter">Ritual slaughter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ritual_purity_in_Islam" title="Category:Ritual purity in Islam">Ritual purity in Islam</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2020">Use dmy dates from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Arabic_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Arabic IPA">Pages with Arabic IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_August_2012" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2012">Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases" title="Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases">All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_May_2021" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2021">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_May_2021" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from May 2021">Articles lacking reliable references from May 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 March 2025, at 21:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halal&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Halal</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>77 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-84559f4bd5-9fnzt","wgBackendResponseTime":208,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.915","walltime":"1.118","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5236,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":219712,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3807,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":19,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":277285,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 959.051 1 -total"," 42.02% 403.023 1 Template:Reflist"," 26.25% 251.737 45 Template:Cite_web"," 8.03% 77.025 1 Template:Langx"," 7.62% 73.123 1 Template:Usul_al-fiqh"," 7.21% 69.186 1 Template:Sidebar"," 6.14% 58.892 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.97% 57.235 1 Template:Islam_topics"," 5.70% 54.634 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 4.89% 46.892 14 Template:Cite_news"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.601","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16916912,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-84559f4bd5-c4924","timestamp":"20250402142402","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Halal","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halal","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q177823","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q177823","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-12-27T18:34:41Z","dateModified":"2025-03-26T21:19:44Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c4\/Halal_logo.svg","headline":"any object or an action which is permissible to use or engage in, according to Islamic law"}</script> </body> </html>