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class="featured-image-wrap"> <img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/stock-19-2-1024x683.jpeg" height="auto" style="-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:40px;" alt="subjunctive" /> </div> </div> </div> <div bind="80e03a2d-a20f-6efc-c0d9-14bc49b22dd9" class="article-body wf-section"> <div bind="bc878838-ab40-9492-e3bd-2479e727ee0e" class="article-body"> <div bind="bc0209be-976e-1d43-38b0-3a9a8847699c" class="container w-container"> <div bind="085bf5dc-f87e-1752-2b64-0aa48fd35121" class="w-richtext"> <p>What is a subjunctive? Or a subjunctive mood? And why is it so complicated <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/to-vs-too/">to</a> understand in <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-vs-the/">the</a> English language? A subjunctive is a type of <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-a-verb/">verb</a> form, phrase, or clause that can appear in English sentences to complete a thought.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-subjunctive"></span>What is a subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/there-their-theyre/">There</a> is no tense known as the subjunctive. It’s a state of mind. It’s the phrase <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">you</a> use when talking about things you hope will happen, things you want to happen, or things you predict will happen. It’s not entirely concrete, but it’s close.</p> <p>In contrast to several other languages, English does not <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-have/">have</a> a distinct verb form for the subjunctive mood. Instead, the subjunctive mood is expressed <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bye-vs-by/">by</a> using the simple form of a verb in a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-a-sentence/">sentence</a>, phrase, or clause that is part of a complete thought.</p> <p>When writing sentences in the subjunctive mood, it is common practice to utilize the verbs be or were as connecting verbs in the phrase.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="796" height="794" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Screen-Shot-2022-10-25-at-9.56.20-AM.png" alt="Subjunctive infographic" class="wp-image-3168" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Screen-Shot-2022-10-25-at-9.56.20-AM.png 796w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Screen-Shot-2022-10-25-at-9.56.20-AM-300x300.png 300w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Screen-Shot-2022-10-25-at-9.56.20-AM-768x766.png 768w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Screen-Shot-2022-10-25-at-9.56.20-AM-551x550.png 551w" sizes="(max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px" /><figcaption>Subjunctive infographic</figcaption></figure></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="here-are-a-few-statements-that-illustrate-the-use-of-the-subjunctive-mood"></span>Here are a few statements that illustrate the use of the subjunctive mood:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>If he had a billion dollars, he <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/would-vs-will/">would</a> rescue all the creatures held captive in the zoo.</li><li>He requested that they rescue the wild creatures that wandered into their territory.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inifitives/">infinitive</a> form of a verb is considered to be its bare form. This verb form is sometimes referred to as the verb’s basic form. The verb ‘rescue’ is shown in its most basic form in the examples.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665341054587.png" alt="Subjunctive verbs chart."/><figcaption>Subjunctive verbs chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>A clause is considered to be finite when it <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/has-vs-have/">has</a> a verb inside it that conveys the tense of the phrase.</p> <p>For instance, in the sentence “it is raining,” both the auxiliary verb “is” and the main verb “raining” indicates that the activity being described is taking place at present.</p> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/is-because-a-conjunction/">Because</a> of the word “was” in the phrase “it <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/was-vs-were/">was</a> raining,” the action of rainfall is referred to in the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/passed-vs-past/">past</a> tense.</p> <p>At this point, other types of finite clauses diverge from those written in the subjunctive mood in finite clauses. When using the subjunctive mood, the verb does not alter its form to reflect the tense; instead, it stays in its standard form. Here are two illustrations of this:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Our instructor recommended that we finish our essay before the deadline.</li><li>If this shop were anything like the other establishments in this <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/village-vs-town/">city</a>, it would take credit cards.</li></ul> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-base-subjunctive"></span>What is a base subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>The form of the basic subjunctive is quite straightforward to understand. The form of the verb is its root, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-which/">which</a> is true for all verbs and all people.</p> <p>For example, “be,” “have,” “do,”go,” “sing,” and “work.”</p> <p>No additional forms of verbs <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/may-vs-can/">may</a> be used in the base subjunctive, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-such-as/">such as</a> goes, does, works, or sings.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Examples of base subjunctives</h4> <p>The verbs “be,” “work,” and “sing” are used as examples in this table, which presents the basic subjunctive form for all persons:</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665341238558.png" alt="Subjunctive list and chart."/><figcaption>Subjunctive list and chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Here are some more examples</h4> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>I suggest that you finish the construction quickly.</li><li>The police demanded that they surrender immediately.</li><li>He asked that you be alert tonight.</li><li>It is crucial that we accept the proposal.</li></ol> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="using-base-subjectives-with-a-main-clause-and-a-%e2%80%9cthat%e2%80%9d-clause"></span>Using base subjectives with a main clause and a “that” clause<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Include the main clause in a sentence to be considered a whole sentence instead of a fragment.</p> <p>A major clause, also known as <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-or-an/">an</a> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/independent-clause/">independent clause</a>, a superordinate clause, or a base clause, is a collection of words composed of a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">subject</a> and a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate/">predicate</a> that describes a whole idea together.</p> <p>This type of sentence is a base clause, independent clause, and superordinate clause.</p> <p>To compose successful sentences, a writer needs to decide which pieces of information should be included in the main clause and which should be relegated to dependent clauses.</p> <p>The most significant information should be placed in the main sentence, while material that connects everything by offering detail and subtlety should be placed in a dependent clause. This is the general rule of thumb.</p> <p>The subjunctive of the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/base-form/">base form</a> is often utilized in those clauses following the following structures:</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="1-an-inferring-verb-or-noun-followed-by-that"></span><strong>1. an inferring verb (or noun) followed by that</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/advise-vs-advice/">advise</a>, ask, command, demand, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, suggest command, demand, order, proposal, recommendation, request, suggestion</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="2-adjectival-form-of-advisable-or-uneasy-plus-that"></span><strong>2. adjectival form of advisable or uneasy plus that</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>advisable, best, crucial, desired, essential, imperative, significant, required, unimaginable, urgent, vital adamant, concerned, resolute, eager, keen</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Here are some examples to explain this further:</h4> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>The teacher suggests that you complete your course before the exams.</li><li>The company recommended that we join next week.</li><li>She requested that the office not be open at 7 AM.</li><li>My friends made a suggestion that everyone be ready for the party.</li><li>The owner kept a proposal that the business buy more patents.</li><li>The prime minister has issued an order that the chief minister resign next week.</li><li>It is advisable that the patient rest for a month.</li><li>It was essential that the course advance quickly.</li><li>After the arrival, it will be crucial that every passenger not use their mobile phones.</li></ol> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d-subjunctive"></span>What is a “were” subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>The subjunctive mood is a verb form used for making claims that are not genuine or hypothetical.</p> <p>It is constructed with words such as “I was,” “he was,” “she was,” “it was,” and so on. When you are being wishful, you frequently employ this type of expression.</p> <p>It is impossible to make an error if you <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/choose-vs-chose/">choose</a> to address someone in the second person plural (you), the first person plural (us), the second person plural (you), or the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/third-person/">third person</a> plural (they).</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="wishful-thinking-calls-for-the-word-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d"></span>Wishful thinking calls for the word “were.”<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>When you employ the word wish in a sentence, it clearly indicates that you should be using the subjunctive.</p> <p>A wish is a strong desire or hopeful expectation for something that either <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/cannot-or-can-not/">cannot</a> or almost certainly will not come true.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">The following are some examples:</h4> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>I wish I were twenty all over again.</li><li>I wish I were the most <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-read/">read</a> writer in the world.</li><li>I wish I were the winner of the Emmy Awards.</li><li>I wish the rumors you spread about <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/me-vs-myself/">me</a> were true.</li><li>I wish I were the master of the universe.</li><li>My sister wishes she were a K-Pop idol.</li></ol> <p>Always keep in mind this guideline regarding the use of the words was and were:</p> <p>You should always use were with terms that are hypothetical, wishful, imagined, wanted, questionable, and otherwise contradictory to fact; in other words, not genuine.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Examples</h4> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>I wish I were more confident on stage.</li><li>I wish it were raining today.</li><li>I wish I were taller so I could be better at basketball.</li><li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/john-and-i-or-john-and-me/">John</a> wishes he were a rich man so he could buy the car of his dreams.</li><li>She shouts at everyone as if she were the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bosss-bosses-bosses/">boss</a>.</li><li>She loves to spend money as if she were the daughter of a millionaire.</li></ol> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="formal-subjunctives-with-the-word-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d"></span>Formal subjunctives with the word “were”<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Although there is no error in using was or were interchangeable, the word “were” is more commonly <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/seen-vs-saw/">seen</a> in more official contexts.</p> <p>‘Were’ is the past tense of <strong>to be,</strong> used for both the third person plural (they and we) and the second person past tense, whereas ‘was’ denotes the singular form of the verb to be in its previous incarnation (you).</p> <p>The subjunctive mood is the reverse of the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indicative-mood/">indicative mood</a>, focusing on things that are either not genuine or subject to certain conditions.</p> <p>You are utilizing the subjunctive mood when you speak about your wishes and expectations for the future. Talking about something that you intend to do or something that you wish to do, as well as talking about things that you know will never be true or things that are no longer true, both <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/are-seasons-capitalized/">fall</a> under this category.</p> <p>Including the word “if,” which implies that a hypothetical situation is being discussed, is one of the obvious signs that you are dealing with the subjunctive mood.</p> <p>It makes no difference <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/weather-whether-wether/">whether</a> the topic in question is solitary or plural, or whether it is written in the first, second, or third person. If you are writing in the subjunctive mood, the correct grammatical past tense of to be is really to use the verb were.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Examples</h4> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>She would <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-the-past-participle-of-go/">go</a> if she were permitted.</li><li>If she were not so rude, she would get many friends.</li><li>I would inform her if I were you.</li><li>It’s not as if the dress were ugly.</li><li>The woman acts if she were the queen of England.</li><li>I wish I weren’t so shy to get on stage.</li><li>I wish the generator were working.</li><li>What would you tell him if he were to return from Australia?</li></ol> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="informal-subjunctives-with-the-word-%e2%80%9cwas%e2%80%9d"></span>Informal subjunctives with the word “was”<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>In more casual circumstances, the word was is employed.</p> <p>The first person singular pronoun “I” and the third person singular pronouns “he,” “she,” and “it” both utilize the past tense indicative form of the verb “to be,” which has the meaning “to exist or live.”</p> <p>When discussing actual life and things that are common knowledge, you should utilize the past indicative.</p> <p>Another application of the word “was” involves the use of the verb in the role of an auxiliary verb in <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">conjunction</a> with a single subject in the past continuous tense.</p> <p>An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used in conjunction with another verb that follows it in a sentence to express different <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/verb-tenses/">tenses</a>, aspects, moods, etc. The past continuous tense refers to something that was ongoing in the past.</p> <p>An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used in conjunction with another verb that follows it in a sentence.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples"></span>Examples<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>She would go if she was permitted.</li><li>If she was not so rude, she would get many friends.</li><li>It’s not as if the dress was ugly.</li><li>The woman acts if she was the queen of England.</li><li>I wish I wasn’t so shy to get on stage.</li><li>I wish the generator was working.</li><li>What would you tell him if he was to return from Australia?</li></ol> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="subjective-grammar-rules"></span>Subjective grammar rules<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>When two parts of a phrase have distinct subjects, the Spanish subjunctive is used after specific verbs and conjunctions. This occurs when the subjects of the two sections of the sentence are different.</p> <p>For the second verb, the English language uses an infinitive, which literally means “to be.”</p> <p>This is not possible to perform in Spanish. When it comes to the second verb, you have to utilize the subjunctive form.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-2"></span>Examples<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Sarah is afraid something may happen to her dog.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Sarah tiene miedo de que le pase algo a su perro.</li></ul> <p>Shelly wants that her children be happy.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Shelly quiere que sus hijos sean felices.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-subjunctive-mood"></span>What is a subjunctive mood?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>A grammatical mood is a property of an utterance that reveals the speaker’s attitude <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/toward-or-towards/">toward</a> the discussed topic. The subjunctive mood is one such mood.</p> <p>Verbs in their subjunctive forms are typically used to express various states of unreality, such as a wish, an emotion, the possibility of something happening, a judgment, an opinion, an obligation, or an action that has not yet been taken place.</p> <p>The specific contexts in which they are used vary from language to language.</p> <p>One of the irrealis moods, or those that allude to things that aren’t necessarily actual, the subjunctive expresses possibilities rather than realities.</p> <p>It is frequently contrasted with the indicative, a realistic mood that is primarily employed to show that something is a statement of fact. This is done because the indicative is a realistic mood.</p> <p>It is in subordinate clauses, particularly that clauses, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/where-vs-were/">where</a> subjunctives are most commonly found, albeit this is not their exclusive linguistic home.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="types"></span>Types<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>1. <a href="https://www.dailywritingtips.com/6-forms-of-the-subjunctive-mood/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A counterfactual statement</a></p> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/threw-vs-through/">Through</a> the use of a structure in the subjunctive mood, the author conveys an idea that is not supported by the evidence.</p> <p>2. Imperative</p> <p>This category of the subjunctive mood is used to convey directives and demands.</p> <p>3. Obligatoryness</p> <p>This form of the subjunctive relates to what is required.</p> <p>4. Proposition</p> <p>The plans and suggestions that people make fall under this category.</p> <p>5. Supposition</p> <p>The writer suggests a potential outcome while using this style.</p> <p>6. Wish</p> <p>Expressions of desire are the focus of this particular sort of subjunctive form.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-3"></span>Examples<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li>If I were you, I’d tell her the whole story.</li><li>Julie demanded that the boy be left alone.</li><li>It is necessary that Louis takes the first <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/busses-or-buses/">bus</a> home.</li><li>The team proposed that the player resign from the team.</li><li>If I were to go home today, I’d have to clean up everything.</li><li>Suzanne wishes that she were able to watch Harry Potter in the theaters again.</li></ol> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-subjunctive-conjugation"></span>What is a subjunctive conjugation?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>The subjunctive mood in English is a specific and somewhat uncommon form of the verb that denotes anything that is wished for or envisioned.</p> <p>The subjunctive mood is most commonly employed when discussing future occurrences whose occurrence is in <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anyway-or-any-way/">any way</a> uncertain.</p> <p>For instance, we employ the subjunctive when speaking about situations where somebody wishes for certain events to occur. assumes that anything will occur.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="verbs-to-be-conjugated-using-the-present-subjunctive"></span><strong>Verbs to Be Conjugated Using the Present Subjunctive</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>To properly conjugate a verb in the present subjunctive, you must first recall the present indicative yo form of the verb in question. Only <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/then-vs-than/">then</a> can you proceed to conjugate the verb in the present subjunctive.</p> <p>This is because the yo form of the present indicative serves as the basis for the stem of present subjunctive verbs.</p> <p>This will be different for many verbs, including verbs with spelling variations, verbs that alter their stems, and irregular verbs. For many verbs, this will be the same as the infinitive stem.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="endings-that-are-regular-in-the-present-subjunctive"></span><strong>Endings that are Regular in the Present Subjunctive</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>After establishing the stem, you will add the present subjunctive ending corresponding to your subject.</p> <p>There are only two possible ending combinations for verbs in the present subjunctive: one for verbs ending in -ar, and one for verbs ending in either -er or -ir.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="irregular-present-subjunctive-verbs"></span><strong>Irregular Present Subjunctive Verbs</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Only six verbs may be classified as irregular when used in the subjunctive.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Examples</h4> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665466696978.png" alt="Spanish subjunctive chart."/><figcaption>Spanish subjunctive chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="grammar-rules"></span>Grammar rules<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">1. Two Different Topics</h4> <p>The subjunctive mood is typically utilized in the subordinate clause and is also utilized when the subject of the subordinate clause is not the same as the subject of the main clause.</p> <p>I don’t <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-think/">think</a> that Cristina speaks French.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>No creo que Cristina hable francés.</li></ul> <p>This statement has two subjects: Yo (I), the speaker, and Cristina, the person being addressed. The clause that has Cristina as its topic is called a subordinate clause. As a result, the subjunctive mood is the natural next step.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">2. Two Verbs</h4> <p>One other criterion you may impose is the requirement that the phrase must have two verbs, one in each clause; however, the verbs do not have to be different.</p> <p>Simply ensuring that the topics are distinct is sufficient. The verb in the main phrase is in the indicative mood, whereas the verb in the subordinate clause is in the subjunctive mood.</p> <p>I don’t think Ben believes in the president.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>No creo que Ben crea en el presidente.</li></ul> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">3. Relative Pronoun Que or Quien</h4> <p>Another thing to examine is whether there’s a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/relative-pronouns/">relative pronoun</a> que (which, that) or quien (who, that) before the subordinate clause.</p> <p>I don’t think Ben is the one that speaks French.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>No creo que Ben sea el que habla francés.</li></ul> <p>I want to get married to a person who knows how to cook.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Quiero casarme con una persona que sepa cocinar.</li></ul> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">4. WEIRDO</h4> <p>Another criterion that has to be checked is whether or not the verb that occurs in the main sentence is a WEIRDO verb.</p> <p>Wishes, feelings, impersonal expressions, recommendations, doubt or denial, and ojalá comprise the acronym WEIRDO.</p> <p>I want <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/you-too-or-you-to/">you to</a> complete my work.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Quiero que completes mi trabajo.</li></ul> <p>It saddens her that you have to resign.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Le entristece que tengas que renunciar.</li></ul> <p>I don’t think that Fabiola can cook.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>No creo que Fabiola sepa cocinar.</li></ul> <p>It’s good that you can play the guitar.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Es <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-does-no-bueno-mean/">bueno</a> que puedas tocar la guitarra.</li></ul> <p>I recommend that you go home soon.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Te recomiendo que te vayas a casa pronto.</li></ul> <p>I hope I can take a long holiday.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Espero poder tomarme unas largas vacaciones.</li></ul> <p>5. Combine the subjunctive mood with conjunctive phrases</p> <p>Certain conjunctions will invariably cause the subjunctive mood to be expressed.</p> <p>Call me when you are done with the work.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Llámame cuando hayas terminado con el trabajo.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-tener-subjunctive"></span>What is a tener subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Tener, which literally means “to have, to own, or to own,” is one of the most commonly used verbs in the Spanish language. It also happens to be one of the most important verbs. It may be interpreted in various ways and used for many purposes.</p> <p>For Spanish language students, one of the most perplexing applications of the word tener is when it takes place in a sentence that is traditionally filled by the English verb “to be.”</p> <p>In addition to that, it’s an <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">irregular verb</a>. The <a href="https://www.spanish.academy/blog/tener-subjunctive-mood-how-to-use-it-the-right-way/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">tener subjunctive conjugation </a>is fairly distinctive. Let’s begin by looking at the numerous interpretations of the word “tener.”</p> <p>The present subjunctive <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjugation/">conjugation</a> is the one that the vast majority of people use instead of the <a href="https://www.spanishconjugation.net/present-subjunctive/tener/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">tener subjunctive</a>, hence its use is not very popular.</p> <p>Nevertheless, you may still find examples of it in more formal writing, like literary masterpieces and legal papers.</p> <p>It is the same meaning in English as the future indicative tense phrase “will have,” which has the same meaning in Spanish. The stem is the same as the one used in the imperfect tense.</p> <p>tuvier-</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665466893317.png" alt="Spanish subjunctive chart."/><figcaption>Spanish subjunctive chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="when-used-in-adjective-clauses-the-tener-subjunctive"></span>When Used in Adjective Clauses, the Tener Subjunctive<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Dependent clauses that perform the function of a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">noun</a> are known as <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective/">adjective</a> clauses. You must employ the subjunctive mood when the adjective phrase you are working with changes something that is unsure, imprecise, or nonexistent.</p> <p>In order to employ adjective clauses with tener subjunctive conjugations, you need to <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ensure-vs-insure/">ensure</a> that the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-clause/">adjective clause</a> you are using changes something that is either ill-defined or does not exist.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-spanish"></span>Examples in Spanish<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>1. Taylor tiene un auto blanco.</p> <p>Taylor has a white car.</p> <p>2. José tiene 39 años.</p> <p>Jose is 39 years old.</p> <p>3. Susanne tiene que limpiar su habitación.</p> <p>Susanne has to clean her room.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="present-tense"></span>Present Tense<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Keep in mind that the subjunctive mood is the one that <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/lets-or-lets/">lets</a> you express non-real notions like wants, desires, or even possibilities. Take note of how the root word, teng, is retained in each conjugation.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665468598299.png" alt="Spanish subjunctive chart."/><figcaption>Spanish subjunctive chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Instances</h4> <p>I hope Paul is hungry.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Espero que Paul tenga hambre.</li></ul> <p>They will hopefully have something to do while they wait for their bus.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Con suerte tendrán algo que hacer mientras esperan su autobús.</li></ul> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="imperfect-tenses"></span>Imperfect Tenses<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Though you want to communicate about unknown events or wishes as if they happened in the past, use the imperfect tense in the subjunctive mood.</p> <p>There are always two different forms of the imperfect tense, and both of them are accurate. In the first imperfect, the stem tuvier- is utilized in all conjugations, but in the second imperfect, the stem tuvies- is maintained.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665468702467.png" alt="Spanish subjunctive chart."/><figcaption>Spanish subjunctive chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Instances</h4> <p>If I had a sister, I could play tea house with her.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Si tuviera una hermana, podría jugar a la casa del té con ella.</li></ul> <p>The boss was <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hoping-vs-hopping/">hoping</a> you had time to reconsider the decision.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>El jefe esperaba que tuvieras tiempo para reconsiderar la decisión.</li></ul> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="future"></span><strong>Future</strong><span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>The present<a href="https://baselang.com/blog/advanced-grammar/present-subjunctive-spanish/#:~:text=The%20present%20subjunctive%20mood%20is,Espero%20que%20est%C3%A9s%20bien%20(present)" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> subjunctive conjugation </a>is the one that the vast majority of people use instead of the tener subjunctive, hence its use is not very popular.</p> <p>Nevertheless, you may still find examples of it in more formal writing, like as literary masterpieces and legal papers. It is the same meaning in English as the future indicative tense phrase “will have,” which has the same meaning in Spanish.</p> <p>It uses the same stem as the first <a href="https://www.grammaring.com/present-subjunctive" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">imperfect tense</a>, which is tuvier-.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://narratomedia.s3.amazonaws.com/narrato-ws1665468781329.png" alt="Spanish subjunctive chart."/><figcaption>Spanish subjunctive chart.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Instances</h4> <p>If you are hungry, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-eat/">eat</a> at the restaurant.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Si tienes hambre, come en el restaurante.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="understanding-subjunctive-vs-indicative"></span>Understanding subjunctive vs. indicative<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>The ability to differentiate between the indicative and the <a href="https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/latin/stage-2-latin/lessons/lesson-21-subjunctive/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">subjunctive</a> grammatical moods is among the most crucial aspects of Spanish <a href="https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/subjectverbagreement" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">grammatical</a> use.</p> <p>It is not enough to just memorize the rules to have a complete understanding of them. The most important thing is adjusting how you think about the world and its appearance.</p> <p>If you are already familiar with notions such as the distinction between the verbs ser and estar or the idea that things might have a gender, then you know that shifting your traditional understanding of <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-grammar/">grammar</a> concepts does not provide a particularly tough challenge.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-exactly-is-a-mood"></span>What Exactly Is a Mood?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>A fascinating idea in grammar, a mood, does not refer to a specific time but rather how you feel and want your audience to feel about what you say. Moods are conveyed through the use of <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">adverbs</a>.</p> <p>Are you still confused? The tone reveals, for instance, whether you are confident in what you are saying or whether you still have some reservations about it.</p> <p>In <a href="https://blog.busuu.com/spanish-subjunctive-guide/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Spanish</a>, there are three different attitudes or moods:</p> <p>1. a suggestive <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-felt/">feeling</a></p> <p>2. a tenor that is subjunctive</p> <p>3. imperative mood</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="the-spanish-moods-and-how-they-differ-from-the-tenses"></span>The Spanish moods and how they differ from the tenses<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>When discussing an action’s place in time, we refer to it as being in the “present,” “preterite,” or “future” tense. Tenses are often represented with verbs in forms such as the presente, pretérito, or futuro.</p> <p>How we choose to express ourselves may often be deduced from our prevailing mood.</p> <p>Moods are governed by their very own sets of guidelines, which are comprised of the indicative (which is the form used to state facts), the subjunctive (which is the form used to convey opinion or uncertainty), and the imperative (which is the form used to tell other people to perform things).</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="comparing-the-indicative-and-the-subjunctive"></span>Comparing the Indicative and the Subjunctive<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>When <a href="https://grammar.collinsdictionary.com/spanish-easy-learning/how-do-you-use-the-subjunctive-in-spanish#:~:text=In%20Spanish%20the%20subjunctive%20is,(subjunctive)%20happen%20to%20him." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">speaking Spanish</a>, the indicative mood is used to communicate about things that are certain and objective.</p> <p>You’ll use it to talk about facts, descriptions, and other things that can’t be disputed when you’re talking about objective things.</p> <p>On the other hand, the subjunctive mood is considered to be <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjective-vs-objective/">subjective</a>. You can use it to communicate things about which you are not sure whether they are genuine, real, or will ever occur.</p> <p>You’ll use it to communicate about things like uncertainties, hopes, probabilities, and many more.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-4"></span>Examples<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Indicative Mood</strong></h4> <p>1. Cristina speaks French.</p> <p>Cristina habla francés.</p> <p>2. I am sure that Cristina speaks French.</p> <p>Estoy seguro de que Cristina habla francés.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Sunjunctive Mood</strong></h4> <p>1. It’s possible that Cristina speaks French.</p> <p>Es posible que Cristina hable francés.</p> <p>2. I don’t think that Cristina speaks French.</p> <p>No creo que Cristina hable francés.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-an-imperfect-subjunctive"></span>What is an imperfect subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Spanish speakers frequently employ the imperfect subjunctive tense in their writing. The preterite imperfect tense of the subjunctive mood is commonly known as the Spanish past subjunctive, but its official name is the preterite tense of the <a href="https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/subjunctive_mood.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">subjunctive mood.</a></p> <p>The imperfect subjunctive is not a tense; instead, it is a mood that allows speakers to convey the same subjunctivity as the <a href="https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/spanish/spanish-ii/subjunctive-mood-i/the-present-subjunctive" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">present subjunctive </a>but in the past. It adheres to the same standards but relates to prior experience or unusual occurrences and possibilities.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-spanish-2"></span>Examples in Spanish<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>I wanted you to take me to the cafe.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Quería que me llevaras al café.</li></ul> <p>She was afraid you wouldn’t attend the ceremony.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Tenía miedo de que no asistieras a la ceremonia.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-a-present-subjunctive"></span>What is a present subjunctive?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>The <a href="https://www.gymglish.com/en/gymglish/english-grammar/the-subjunctive-present-tense#:~:text=The%20present%20subjunctive%20is%20used,that%20everyone%20be%20on%20time." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">present subjunctive mood </a>is generally employed while discussing thinking, belief, anticipation, or assumption.</p> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/despite-vs-in-spite-of/">Despite</a> its name, this form can also be utilized when discussing a future action (as well as a present action).</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-spanish-3"></span>Examples in Spanish<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>I hope Patrick is fine.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Espero que Patricio esté bien.</li></ul> <p>The team leader will congratulate the player who comes first.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>El líder del equipo felicitará al jugador que llegue primero.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="sources"></span>Sources:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li><a href="https://www.grammarly.com/blog/subjunctive/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What is the Subjunctive? Definition and Examples</a></li><li><a href="https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/subjunctive.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive</a></li><li><a href="https://www.learngrammar.net/english-grammar/subjunctive" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive: Structures, Usage & Examples</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/latin/stage-2-latin/lessons/lesson-21-subjunctive/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive</a></li><li><a href="https://www.masterclass.com/articles/subjunctive-mood" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive Mood Explained: How to Use the Subjunctive Mood</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive mood</a></li><li><a href="https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/subjunctive_mood.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What Is the Subjunctive Mood? (with Examples)</a></li><li><a href="https://www.grammarbook.com/grammar/subjectVerbAgree.asp" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subject-Verb Agreement</a></li><li><a href="https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/subjectverbagreement" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Grammar: Subject-Verb Agreement</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thesaurus.com/e/grammar/was-vs-were-use-cases-and-examples/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">“Was” vs. “Were”: Use Cases And Examples</a></li><li><a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/getting-in-the-subjunctive-mood" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Getting in the (Subjunctive) Mood</a></li><li><a href="https://writingexplained.org/was-vs-were-difference" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Was vs. Were: What’s the Difference?</a></li><li><a href="https://www.grammarly.com/blog/was-vs-were/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Was vs. Were?</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/main-clause-grammar-term-1691584" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What is a Main Clause in English Grammar?</a></li><li><a href="https://english-at-home.com/grammar/using-the-subjunctive-form-in-english/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Using the subjunctive form in English</a></li><li><a href="https://eslgrammar.org/subjunctive/#Form_of_Base_Subjunctive" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subjunctive: Definition, Useful Usage and Examples in English</a></li><li><a href="https://www.spanish.academy/blog/tener-subjunctive-mood-how-to-use-it-the-right-way/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Tener Subjunctive Mood: How to Use it the Right Way</a></li></ol> <div id="ez-toc-container" class="ez-toc-v2_0_72 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction"> <div class="ez-toc-title-container"> <p class="ez-toc-title" style="cursor:inherit">Inside this article</p> <span class="ez-toc-title-toggle"></span></div> <nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1" href="#what-is-a-subjunctive" title="What is a subjunctive?">What is a subjunctive?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2" href="#here-are-a-few-statements-that-illustrate-the-use-of-the-subjunctive-mood" title="Here are a few statements that illustrate the use of the subjunctive mood">Here are a few statements that illustrate the use of the subjunctive mood</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3" href="#what-is-a-base-subjunctive" title="What is a base subjunctive?">What is a base subjunctive?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4" href="#using-base-subjectives-with-a-main-clause-and-a-%e2%80%9cthat%e2%80%9d-clause" title="Using base subjectives with a main clause and a “that” clause">Using base subjectives with a main clause and a “that” clause</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5" href="#1-an-inferring-verb-or-noun-followed-by-that" title="1. an inferring verb (or noun) followed by that">1. an inferring verb (or noun) followed by that</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6" href="#2-adjectival-form-of-advisable-or-uneasy-plus-that" title="2. adjectival form of advisable or uneasy plus that">2. adjectival form of advisable or uneasy plus that</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7" href="#what-is-a-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d-subjunctive" title="What is a “were” subjunctive?">What is a “were” subjunctive?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8" href="#wishful-thinking-calls-for-the-word-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d" title="Wishful thinking calls for the word “were.”">Wishful thinking calls for the word “were.”</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9" href="#formal-subjunctives-with-the-word-%e2%80%9cwere%e2%80%9d" title="Formal subjunctives with the word “were”">Formal subjunctives with the word “were”</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10" href="#informal-subjunctives-with-the-word-%e2%80%9cwas%e2%80%9d" title="Informal subjunctives with the word “was”">Informal subjunctives with the word “was”</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11" href="#examples" title="Examples">Examples</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12" href="#subjective-grammar-rules" title="Subjective grammar rules">Subjective grammar rules</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13" href="#examples-2" title="Examples">Examples</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14" href="#what-is-a-subjunctive-mood" title="What is a subjunctive mood?">What is a subjunctive mood?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15" href="#types" title="Types">Types</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16" href="#examples-3" title="Examples">Examples</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17" href="#what-is-a-subjunctive-conjugation" title="What is a subjunctive conjugation?">What is a subjunctive conjugation?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18" href="#verbs-to-be-conjugated-using-the-present-subjunctive" title="Verbs to Be Conjugated Using the Present Subjunctive">Verbs to Be Conjugated Using the Present Subjunctive</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19" href="#endings-that-are-regular-in-the-present-subjunctive" title="Endings that are Regular in the Present Subjunctive">Endings that are Regular in the Present Subjunctive</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20" href="#irregular-present-subjunctive-verbs" title="Irregular Present Subjunctive Verbs">Irregular Present Subjunctive Verbs</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21" href="#grammar-rules" title="Grammar rules">Grammar rules</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22" href="#what-is-a-tener-subjunctive" title="What is a tener subjunctive?">What is a tener subjunctive?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23" href="#when-used-in-adjective-clauses-the-tener-subjunctive" title="When Used in Adjective Clauses, the Tener Subjunctive">When Used in Adjective Clauses, the Tener Subjunctive</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24" href="#examples-in-spanish" title="Examples in Spanish">Examples in Spanish</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25" href="#present-tense" title="Present Tense">Present Tense</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26" href="#imperfect-tenses" title="Imperfect Tenses">Imperfect Tenses</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27" href="#future" title="Future">Future</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28" href="#understanding-subjunctive-vs-indicative" title="Understanding subjunctive vs. indicative">Understanding subjunctive vs. indicative</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29" href="#what-exactly-is-a-mood" title="What Exactly Is a Mood?">What Exactly Is a Mood?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30" href="#the-spanish-moods-and-how-they-differ-from-the-tenses" title="The Spanish moods and how they differ from the tenses">The Spanish moods and how they differ from the tenses</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31" href="#comparing-the-indicative-and-the-subjunctive" title="Comparing the Indicative and the Subjunctive">Comparing the Indicative and the Subjunctive</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32" href="#examples-4" title="Examples">Examples</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33" href="#what-is-an-imperfect-subjunctive" title="What is an imperfect subjunctive?">What is an imperfect subjunctive?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34" href="#examples-in-spanish-2" title="Examples in Spanish">Examples in Spanish</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35" href="#what-is-a-present-subjunctive" title="What is a present subjunctive?">What is a present subjunctive?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36" href="#examples-in-spanish-3" title="Examples in Spanish">Examples in Spanish</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37" href="#sources" title="Sources">Sources</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> <div bind="a45688e5-b9eb-987e-b87a-877b363b714a" class="tags w-clearfix"> <div bind="3c46d1e8-cfca-93f8-1f0b-132651db81b5"><span bind="e3af2ae6-d86a-f810-ba70-8a062949eb9d" class="text-span-3">Tags:</span></div> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tag/subjunctive/" class="bold-text-4"><strong bind="9bd9671a-c4c5-f296-a149-d2e552ddbe4f" class="bold-text-5">Subjunctive</strong></a> </div>  <div class="fact-checked w-clearfix"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct.png" loading="lazy" width="35" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct-p-500.png 500w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct.png 512w" sizes="(max-width: 479px) 27vw, 35px" alt="" class="image-6" style="margin-right:20px;"> <p bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e6e" class="fact"><strong 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Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. <a href="/editorial-policy/" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e73"><strong bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e74">Learn more.</strong></a> </p> </div>   <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e64" class="author"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e65" class="author-image w-row"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e66" class="column-3 w-col w-col-3"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/Screen-Shot-2022-09-10-at-4.07.48-PM.png" loading="lazy" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e67" alt="" class="image-3" style="-webkit-border-radius:200px;border-radius:200px;-moz-border-radius:200px;"></div> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e68" class="column-2 w-col w-col-9"> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"><strong>About the author</strong> <a href="#" bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4c"><strong bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4d"></strong></a> </p> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"> <a href="/about/" bind="a4a5a123-eef4-a277-5d08-7dfd48482052"><strong bind="16ba8aa2-6a9a-8a55-c24f-7e0b2e7391c4">Dalia Y.:</strong></a> Dalia is an English Major and linguistics expert with an additional degree in Psychology. Dalia has featured articles on Forbes, Inc, Fast Company, Grammarly, and many more. She covers English, ESL, and all things grammar on GrammarBrain. </p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Core lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/apostrophe/">Apostrophe</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ellipsis/">Ellipsis</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/semicolon/">Semicolon</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hyphen/">Hyphen</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/et-al/">Et. Al.</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/exclamation-mark/">Exclamation Mark</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/capitalization-rules/">Capitalization Rules</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxford-comma-serial-comma/">Comma</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives/">Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives-describing-personality/">Personality Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating 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w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clauses</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-pronouns/">Possessive Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-plural-nouns/">Irregular Plural Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-diagramming/">Sentence Diagramming</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complete-subjects/">Complete Subjects</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-starters/">Sentence Starters</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/metaphor/">Metaphor</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tones-in-writing/">Tones in Writing</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophones</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentences</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Glossary</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>A:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/abstract-noun/">Abstract Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/accusative-case/">Accusative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anecdote/">Anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/antonym/">Antonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/active-sentence/">Active Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">Adverb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective/">Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/alliteration/">Alliteration</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-clause/">Adjective Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-phrase/">Adjective Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ampersand/">Ampersand</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anastrophe/">Anastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbial-clause/">Adverbial Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/appositive-phrase/">Appositive Phrase</a></li> </ul> <strong>B:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/base-form/">Base Form</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/body-paragraph/">Body Paragraph</a></li> </ul> <strong>C:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-adjective/">Compound Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complex-sentence/">Complex Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-predicate/">Compound Predicate</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comparative-adjective/">Comparative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlatives-and-comparatives/">Comparative and Superlative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-noun/">Compound Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-subject/">Compound Subject</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-sentence/">Compound Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/copular-verb/">Copular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/colloquialism/">Colloquialism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conciseness/">Conciseness</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/consonance/">Consonance</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditionals/">Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjugation/">Conjugation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditional-sentence-if-clause/">Conditional Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-splice/">Comma Splice</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/correlative-conjunction/">Correlative Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-conjunction/">Coordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-adjectives/">Coordinate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/cumulative-adjective/">Cumulative Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>D:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dative-case/">Dative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/determiners/">Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentence</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object-pronouns/">Direct Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object/">Direct Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-diction/">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/diphthong/">Diphthong</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dangling-modifier/">Dangling Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-pronouns/">Demonstrative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-adjective/">Demonstrative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-characterization/">Direct Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/definite-article/">Definite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/doublespeak/">Doublespeak</a></li> </ul> <strong>E:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/equivocation-fallacy/">Equivocation Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/en-dash/">En Dash</a></li> </ul> <strong>F:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/false-dilemma-fallacy/">False Dilemma Fallacy</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-progressive/">Future Perfect Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-simple/">Future Simple</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-continuous/">Future Perfect Continuous</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect/">Future Perfect</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/first-conditional/">First Conditional</a></li> </ul> <strong>G:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund/">Gerund</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund-phrase/">Gerund Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/genitive-case/">Genitive Case</a></li> </ul> <strong>H:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophone</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homonym/">Homonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/helping-verbs/">Helping Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>I:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-adjectives/">Irregular Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">Irregular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/imperative-sentence/">Imperative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-article/">Indefinite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intransitive-verbs/">Intransitive Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-pronouns/">Indefinite Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indirect-characterization/">Indirect Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interrogative-sentence/">Interrogative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensive-pronoun/">Intensive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inanimate-object/">Inanimate Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-tense/">Indefinite Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/infinitive-phrase/">Infinitive Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interjection/">Interjection</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensifier/">Intensifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inifitives/">Infinitive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indicative-mood/">Indicative Mood</a></li> </ul> <strong>J:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/juxtaposition/">Juxtaposition</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>L:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/linking-verbs/">Linking Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>M:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modal-verb/">Modal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modifier/">Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/misplaced-modifier/">Misplaced Modifier</a></li> </ul> <strong>N:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/nominative-case/">Nominative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-as-noun/">Noun Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>O:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxymoron/">Oxymoron</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-complement/">Object Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/order-of-adjectives/">Order of Adjectives</a></li> </ul> <strong>P:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/participle/">Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallelism/">Parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-continuous-tense/">Past Continuous Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-perfect-tense/">Past Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-progressive-tense/">Past Progressive Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-simple-tense/">Present Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-tense/">Present Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/persuasive-writing/">Persuasive Writing</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallel-structure/">Parallel Structure</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phrasal-verbs/">Phrasal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-adjective/">Predicate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-nominative/">Predicate Nominative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phonetic-language/">Phonetic Language</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/plural-noun/">Plural Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation/">Punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation-marks/">Punctuation Marks</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositions/">Preposition</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/preposition-of-place/">Preposition of Place</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-adjective/">Possessive Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-determiner/">Possessive Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-case/">Possessive Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-adjective/">Proper Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-participle/">Present Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prefix/">Prefix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate/">Predicate</a></li> </ul> <strong>Q:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/quotation-marks/">Quotation Marks</a></li> </ul> <strong>R:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/relative-pronouns/">Relative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reflexive-pronouns/">Reflexive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reciprocal-pronouns/">Reciprocal Pronoun</a></li> </ul> <strong>S:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/simple-future-tense/">Simple Future Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/stative-verbs/">Stative Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-complement/">Subject Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">Subject of a Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-variety/">Sentence Variety</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/second-conditional/">Second Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/suffix/">Suffix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlative-adjective/">Superlative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/slash-symbol/">Slash Symbol</a></li> </ul> <strong>T:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/topic-sentence/">Topic Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-nouns/">Types of Nouns</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-sentences/">Types of Sentences</a></li> </ul> <strong>U:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/uncountable-noun/">Uncountable Noun</a></li> </ul> <strong>V:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-verbs/">Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/verb-tenses/">Verb Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/vowels-and-consonants/">Vowels and Consonants</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Popular lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bare-with-me-or-bear-with-me/">Bare With Me</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bosss-bosses-bosses/">Boss's, Bosses, or Bosses'</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/full-proof-or-foolproof/">Full Proof or Foolproof</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/is-or-are/">Is or Are</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/led-vs-lead/">Led or Lead</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/are-seasons-capitalized/">Are Seasons Capitalized</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-part-or-apart/">A Part vs. Apart</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/to-easy-or-too-easy/">Too Easy or To Easy</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-or/">Comma Before "Or"</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tenses/">Past Tenses</a> </div> </div> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/payed-vs-paid/">Payed vs. Paid</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/lets-or-lets/">Let's or Lets</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ok-vs-okay/">OK or Okay</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/plural-of-moose/">Plural of Moose</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/which-vs-that/">Which vs. That</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/less-vs-fewer/">Less vs. Fewer</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup"> <div class="super-big-wrap"> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/SquareOverride-604x592.png" loading="lazy" width="285" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/SquareOverride-604x592-p-500.png 500w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/SquareOverride-604x592.png 604w" sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, 285px" alt="" class="image-8"></div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <h2 class="heading-6 newsletter-h1">Stay awhile. 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