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(Definition, Examples, Grammar)</h1> <div bind="b4d36f25-3a5e-8c0b-ebc8-a80567a94714" class="featured-image-wrap"> <img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/stock-12-4-1024x683.jpeg" height="auto" style="-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:40px;" alt="anastrophe" /> </div> </div> </div> <div bind="80e03a2d-a20f-6efc-c0d9-14bc49b22dd9" class="article-body wf-section"> <div bind="bc878838-ab40-9492-e3bd-2479e727ee0e" class="article-body"> <div bind="bc0209be-976e-1d43-38b0-3a9a8847699c" class="container w-container"> <div bind="085bf5dc-f87e-1752-2b64-0aa48fd35121" class="w-richtext"> <p><strong>What is anastrophe?</strong> How does it work? How is it used in American literature? These are all great questions that will get answered in this comprehensive guide on anastrophe. Continue reading <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/to-vs-too/">to</a> learn more.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="800" height="441" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe.png" alt="Anastrophe" class="wp-image-4960" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe.png 800w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-300x165.png 300w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-768x423.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption>Anastrophe</figcaption></figure></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-is-anastrophe"></span>What is anastrophe?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>In anastrophe (related to transferred epithet or hyperbaton, transcensio, transgressio, and tresspasser) , <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-vs-the/">the</a> typical English order of <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">subject</a>, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-a-verb/">verb</a>, and object is reversed, going from subject-verb-object to object-subject-verb. This is a divergence from the proper grammatical order of words.</p> <p>Poetry frequently employs anastrophe as a means of creating a rhythmic <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/affect-vs-effect/">effect</a>.</p> <p>Although it is occasionally referred to as a more precise instance of hyperbaton—the shifting of just one word—it is also a synonym for hyperbaton.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="how-does-anastrophe-work"></span>How does anastrophe work?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Prose and poetry employ anastrophe to establish a particular syllabic pattern or style. Sometimes a writer must adhere to a metrical pattern, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-which/">which</a> necessitates that the stresses or emphasized beats occur in atypical locations. A similar procedure is sometimes <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/used-to/">used to</a> make rhymes.</p> <p>In Greek, anastrophe means “turning around.” Anastrophe flips the subject-verb-object order that English <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-a-sentence/">sentence</a> structure often uses for effect.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="800" height="441" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-2.png" alt="Anastrophe" class="wp-image-4961" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-2.png 800w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-2-300x165.png 300w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/anapostrophe-2-768x423.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption>Anastrophe</figcaption></figure></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="understanding-figurative-language-and-anastrophe"></span>Understanding figurative language and anastrophe:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personifications</a>, euphemisms, similes, hyperbole, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/metaphor/">Metaphors</a>, and idioms are frequently thought of while discussing <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/figurative-language/">figurative language</a>. However, uncommon or creative word combinations are also included in the definition of “figurative language,” <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-such-as/">such as</a> anastrophe.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-of-anastrophe"></span>Examples of anastrophe<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Following are examples that will help <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">you</a> understand the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/use-vs-utilize/">use</a> of anastrophe.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="star-wars"></span>Star Wars<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Yoda from the Star Wars movies is one of the most well-known figures who use anagrams. He adds, “The greatest teacher, failure is,” when he wishes to convey the idea that failure is the best teacher. After the object in the sentence, the subject and verb (failure and is) are used (the greatest teacher). Here are some literary works that use anastrophe for narrative or dialectical effect.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="1984"></span>1984<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>The dystopian novel 1984 <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bye-vs-by/">by</a> George Orwell uses language to mirror society’s flawed thinking. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-see/">See</a> how he employs <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tragedy-vs-travesty/">tragedy</a> to emphasize the strength of physical suffering:</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p><em>“Of pain you could wish only one thing: that it should stop. Nothing in the world <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/was-vs-were/">was</a> so <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bad-vs-badly/">bad</a> as physical pain. In the face of pain <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/there-their-theyre/">there</a> are no heroes.“ </em>(<a href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40961427-1984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">1984, Orwell</a>)</p></blockquote> <p>Orwell inverts the first and second parts of the statement rather than <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/puting-or-putting/">putting</a> it in the conventional <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">syntax</a> (“There are no heroes in the face of sorrow”). It enables him to complete the statement with the ominous phrase “there are no heroes” and to repeat the word “pain” as closely as possible to its prior usage.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="poem-ireland-with-emily"></span>Poem: Ireland With Emily<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/john-and-i-or-john-and-me/">John</a> Betjeman, one of the most well-known contemporary English poets, uses this technique in his poem “<a href="http://famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/john_betjeman/poems/831" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ireland with Emily</a>.” This essay provides a complex account of Ireland, its people, and its history as <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/seen-vs-saw/">seen</a> from the outside. The most significant aspects of this poem are the vivid natural imagery and deeply <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-felt/">felt</a> portrayals of space. The emphasis put on such passages of text serves as proof of this. See if you can identify the anastrophic phrase in the following lines from the first stanza:</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p><em>“Bells are booming down the bohreens,</em></p><p><em>White the mist along the grass,</em></p><p><em>Now the Julias, Maeves and Maureens</em></p><p><em>Move between the fields to Mass.</em></p><p><em>Twisted trees of </em><strong><em>small green apple</em></strong></p><p><em>Guard the decent, whitewashed chapel,”</em></p><cite><a href="http://famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/john_betjeman/poems/831" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Source</em></a></cite></blockquote> <p>This section’s fifth line gives the reader a fantastic illustration of how anastrophe can be used to preserve the rhythm and finish a rhyme. To make “apple” rhyme with “chapel” in the line below, the word <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/has-vs-have/">has</a> been shifted to the end of the line. This statement has a strong poetic quality to it. It has the feel of a poem.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="poem-to-a-captious-critic"></span>Poem: To A Captious Critic<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p><a href="https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/paul-laurence-dunbar" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dunbar</a> used this brief poem to demonstrate his enduring distaste for critics and literary criticism. And anyone who believes they know more about writing than those who deal with it. These few sentences use formal language that ridicules and imitates a critic who might be critical of a writer’s works. The complete poem is comprised of the following four lines:</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p><em>Dear critic, who my lightness so deplores,</em></p><p><em><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/would-vs-will/">Would</a> I might study to be prince of bores,</em></p><p><em>Right wisely would I rule that dull estate—</em></p><p><em>But, sir, I <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/may-vs-can/">may</a> not, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/till-vs-until/">till</a> you abdicate.</em></p></blockquote> <p>These lines are difficult to <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-read/">read</a> rapidly. It takes some time to <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-the-past-participle-of-go/">go</a> over each and thoroughly comprehend them. Dunbar rearranges the words. To make “bores” rhyme with “deplores” in the first line, he says, “… I might study to be the ruler of bores.” The third and fourth lines are comparable. He utilizes anastrophe to express “Right wisely would I rule” rather than “I would rule right wisely” so that “estate” and “abdicate” end the lines.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="emphatic-word-order"></span>Emphatic Word Order:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>Anastrophe is frequently employed to emphasize a point. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-think/">Think</a> of a humorous illustration. The <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bosss-bosses-bosses/">boss</a> with the pointy hair says on March 5, 1998, Dilbert comic strip that he will start implementing the “chaos theory of <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/abbreviation-for-management/">management</a>.” Wally, a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coworker-or-co-worker/">coworker</a> of Dilbert’s, responds, “And this will be different how?”</p> <p>The interrogative <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">adverb</a> “how” is typically placed at the start of the sentence (as in “How would this be different?”). Wally emphasizes the issue of difference more by departing from the standard wording. Wally’s additional emphasis shows that the new <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hypothesis/">hypothesis</a> won’t significantly alter the boss’s behavior. <a href="https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/sourcebook-on-rhetoric" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Source</em></a></p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="in-films"></span>In Films<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <p>In literature, anastrophe refers to <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-or-an/">an</a> odd arrangement, an inversion of what makes sense or is typical, while in film, it refers to an image’s angle, focus, and lighting. It includes every type of technological distortion. This figure should be used sparingly; its intended impact isn’t always sure.</p> <p>One of the two signalmen is taken in the <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0052600/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ballad of a Soldier</a> (Grigori Chukhrai), and the other flees while being pursued by a German tank. The chase is shown in a down-air shot as the camera pans to the tank and the man.</p> <p>At one moment, the scene changes to show the ground up and the sky in the bottom right. Is it the man’s confused terror as he runs erratically without a strategy, or is it the tank driver’s hysterical mentality as he chases after one man?</p> <p>And all this when he should be addressing himself to the destruction of businesses when he could shoot? An absurd conduct seems to need a cataclysmic response. [<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Figure_in_Film.html?id=Ic9GefOCyFcC" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Source</em></a>]</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="why-is-anastrophe-important"></span>Why is anastrophe important?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Prose and poetry employ anastrophe to establish a specific syllabic pattern or style. </p> <p>Sometimes a writer must adhere to a metrical pattern, which necessitates that the stresses or emphasized beats occur in atypical locations. </p> <p>A similar procedure is sometimes used to make rhymes.</p> <div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/FAQPage"> <h2 class="wp-block-coblocks-faq__title wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="faqs"></span>FAQs<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content"><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/where-vs-were/">Where</a> does the word ‘anastrophe’ come from?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>The phrase is Greek in origin and means “a turning back or around.” Instances date back to Latin and Ancient Greek poetry. Take the Aeneid as an illustration. English translation of the opening lines of</p> <p>Virgil’s epic poem: “I sing of arms and the man, who first left the shores of Troy.”</p> <p>In more recent times, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Gerard Manley Hopkins are two of the most well-known poets that employ this style.</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">Why is anastrophe used?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>It can be used to change the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-beat/">beat</a> or meter, but it can also be done to emphasize a particular word or group of words.</p> <p>These lines now <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-have/">have</a> a different syntax, making it more challenging to understand them even though they can still be read. It highlights the displaced word(s) and gives them a poetic quality.</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">How can a writer invert the sentence using anastrophe?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>A writer can move a preposition after the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">noun</a> if they want to invert a sentence. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/then-vs-than/">Then</a> placing an <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective/">adjective</a> after the noun it describes or placing a verb before the subject. </p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">What is an anastrophe?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>A departure from a normal word order for the sake of emphasis is considered anastrophe. Yoda’s speech in Star Wars is a great example of anastrophe. His words in the speech went into an opposite direction of what we might originally anticipate.</p> </div></div></details> </div> <div id="ez-toc-container" class="ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction"> <div class="ez-toc-title-container"> <p class="ez-toc-title" style="cursor:inherit">Inside this article</p> <span class="ez-toc-title-toggle"></span></div> <nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1" href="#what-is-anastrophe" title="What is anastrophe?">What is anastrophe?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2" href="#how-does-anastrophe-work" title="How does anastrophe work?">How does anastrophe work?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3" href="#understanding-figurative-language-and-anastrophe" title="Understanding figurative language and anastrophe">Understanding figurative language and anastrophe</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4" href="#examples-of-anastrophe" title="Examples of anastrophe">Examples of anastrophe</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5" href="#star-wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6" href="#1984" title="1984">1984</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7" href="#poem-ireland-with-emily" title="Poem Ireland With Emily">Poem Ireland With Emily</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8" href="#poem-to-a-captious-critic" title="Poem To A Captious Critic">Poem To A Captious Critic</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9" href="#emphatic-word-order" title="Emphatic Word Order">Emphatic Word Order</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10" href="#in-films" title="In Films">In Films</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11" href="#why-is-anastrophe-important" title="Why is anastrophe important?">Why is anastrophe important?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12" href="#faqs" title="FAQs">FAQs</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> <div bind="a45688e5-b9eb-987e-b87a-877b363b714a" class="tags w-clearfix"> <div bind="3c46d1e8-cfca-93f8-1f0b-132651db81b5"><span bind="e3af2ae6-d86a-f810-ba70-8a062949eb9d" class="text-span-3">Tags:</span></div> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tag/syntax/" class="bold-text-4"><strong bind="9bd9671a-c4c5-f296-a149-d2e552ddbe4f" class="bold-text-5">Syntax</strong></a> </div>  <div class="fact-checked w-clearfix"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct.png" loading="lazy" width="35" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct-p-500.png 500w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/correct.png 512w" sizes="(max-width: 479px) 27vw, 35px" alt="" class="image-6" style="margin-right:20px;"> <p bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e6e" class="fact"><strong bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e6f">Fact checked:</strong><br>Content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. <a href="/editorial-policy/" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e73"><strong bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e74">Learn more.</strong></a> </p> </div>   <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e64" class="author"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e65" class="author-image w-row"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e66" class="column-3 w-col w-col-3"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/Screen-Shot-2022-09-10-at-4.07.48-PM.png" loading="lazy" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e67" alt="" class="image-3" style="-webkit-border-radius:200px;border-radius:200px;-moz-border-radius:200px;"></div> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e68" class="column-2 w-col w-col-9"> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"><strong>About the author</strong> <a href="#" bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4c"><strong bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4d"></strong></a> </p> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"> <a href="/about/" bind="a4a5a123-eef4-a277-5d08-7dfd48482052"><strong bind="16ba8aa2-6a9a-8a55-c24f-7e0b2e7391c4">Dalia Y.:</strong></a> Dalia is an English Major and linguistics expert with an additional degree in Psychology. Dalia has featured articles on Forbes, Inc, Fast Company, Grammarly, and many more. She covers English, ESL, and all things grammar on GrammarBrain. </p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Core lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/apostrophe/">Apostrophe</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ellipsis/">Ellipsis</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/semicolon/">Semicolon</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hyphen/">Hyphen</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/et-al/">Et. Al.</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/exclamation-mark/">Exclamation Mark</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/capitalization-rules/">Capitalization Rules</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxford-comma-serial-comma/">Comma</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives/">Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives-describing-personality/">Personality Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating Conjunction</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">Adverbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbial-clause/">Adverbial Clause</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">Irregular Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-verbs/">Common Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intransitive-verbs/">Intransitive Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phrasal-verbs/">Phrasal Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositions/">Prepositions</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund/">Gerund</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/active-voice/">Active Voice</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/passive-voice/">Passive Voice</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">Conjunctions</a> </div>  <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-tense/">Present Perfect</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-simple/">Present Perfect Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-simple-tense/">Present Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-continuous/">Present Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-continuous/">Present Perfect Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/simple-future-tense/">Simple Future</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-continuous-tense/">Past Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clauses</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-pronouns/">Possessive Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-plural-nouns/">Irregular Plural Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-diagramming/">Sentence Diagramming</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complete-subjects/">Complete Subjects</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-starters/">Sentence Starters</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/metaphor/">Metaphor</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tones-in-writing/">Tones in Writing</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophones</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentences</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Glossary</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>A:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/abstract-noun/">Abstract Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/accusative-case/">Accusative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anecdote/">Anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/antonym/">Antonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/active-sentence/">Active Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">Adverb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective/">Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/alliteration/">Alliteration</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-clause/">Adjective Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-phrase/">Adjective Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ampersand/">Ampersand</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anastrophe/">Anastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbial-clause/">Adverbial Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/appositive-phrase/">Appositive Phrase</a></li> </ul> <strong>B:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/base-form/">Base Form</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/body-paragraph/">Body Paragraph</a></li> </ul> <strong>C:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-adjective/">Compound Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complex-sentence/">Complex Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-predicate/">Compound Predicate</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comparative-adjective/">Comparative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlatives-and-comparatives/">Comparative and Superlative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-noun/">Compound Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-subject/">Compound Subject</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-sentence/">Compound Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/copular-verb/">Copular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/colloquialism/">Colloquialism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conciseness/">Conciseness</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/consonance/">Consonance</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditionals/">Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjugation/">Conjugation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditional-sentence-if-clause/">Conditional Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-splice/">Comma Splice</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/correlative-conjunction/">Correlative Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-conjunction/">Coordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-adjectives/">Coordinate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/cumulative-adjective/">Cumulative Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>D:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dative-case/">Dative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/determiners/">Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentence</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object-pronouns/">Direct Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object/">Direct Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-diction/">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/diphthong/">Diphthong</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dangling-modifier/">Dangling Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-pronouns/">Demonstrative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-adjective/">Demonstrative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-characterization/">Direct Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/definite-article/">Definite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/doublespeak/">Doublespeak</a></li> </ul> <strong>E:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/equivocation-fallacy/">Equivocation Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/en-dash/">En Dash</a></li> </ul> <strong>F:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/false-dilemma-fallacy/">False Dilemma Fallacy</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-progressive/">Future Perfect Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-simple/">Future Simple</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-continuous/">Future Perfect Continuous</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect/">Future Perfect</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/first-conditional/">First Conditional</a></li> </ul> <strong>G:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund/">Gerund</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund-phrase/">Gerund Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/genitive-case/">Genitive Case</a></li> </ul> <strong>H:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophone</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homonym/">Homonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/helping-verbs/">Helping Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>I:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-adjectives/">Irregular Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">Irregular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/imperative-sentence/">Imperative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-article/">Indefinite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intransitive-verbs/">Intransitive Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-pronouns/">Indefinite Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indirect-characterization/">Indirect Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interrogative-sentence/">Interrogative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensive-pronoun/">Intensive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inanimate-object/">Inanimate Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-tense/">Indefinite Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/infinitive-phrase/">Infinitive Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interjection/">Interjection</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensifier/">Intensifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inifitives/">Infinitive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indicative-mood/">Indicative Mood</a></li> </ul> <strong>J:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/juxtaposition/">Juxtaposition</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>L:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/linking-verbs/">Linking Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>M:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modal-verb/">Modal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modifier/">Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/misplaced-modifier/">Misplaced Modifier</a></li> </ul> <strong>N:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/nominative-case/">Nominative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-as-noun/">Noun Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>O:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxymoron/">Oxymoron</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-complement/">Object Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/order-of-adjectives/">Order of Adjectives</a></li> </ul> <strong>P:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/participle/">Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallelism/">Parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-continuous-tense/">Past Continuous Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-perfect-tense/">Past Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-progressive-tense/">Past Progressive Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-simple-tense/">Present Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-tense/">Present Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/persuasive-writing/">Persuasive Writing</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallel-structure/">Parallel Structure</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phrasal-verbs/">Phrasal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-adjective/">Predicate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-nominative/">Predicate Nominative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phonetic-language/">Phonetic Language</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/plural-noun/">Plural Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation/">Punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation-marks/">Punctuation Marks</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositions/">Preposition</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/preposition-of-place/">Preposition of Place</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-adjective/">Possessive Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-determiner/">Possessive Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-case/">Possessive Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-adjective/">Proper Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-participle/">Present Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prefix/">Prefix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate/">Predicate</a></li> </ul> <strong>Q:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/quotation-marks/">Quotation Marks</a></li> </ul> <strong>R:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/relative-pronouns/">Relative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reflexive-pronouns/">Reflexive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reciprocal-pronouns/">Reciprocal Pronoun</a></li> </ul> <strong>S:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/simple-future-tense/">Simple Future Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/stative-verbs/">Stative Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-complement/">Subject Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">Subject of a Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-variety/">Sentence Variety</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/second-conditional/">Second Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/suffix/">Suffix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlative-adjective/">Superlative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/slash-symbol/">Slash Symbol</a></li> </ul> <strong>T:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/topic-sentence/">Topic Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-nouns/">Types of Nouns</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-sentences/">Types of Sentences</a></li> </ul> <strong>U:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/uncountable-noun/">Uncountable Noun</a></li> </ul> <strong>V:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-verbs/">Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/verb-tenses/">Verb Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/vowels-and-consonants/">Vowels and Consonants</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Popular lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bare-with-me-or-bear-with-me/">Bare With Me</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bosss-bosses-bosses/">Boss's, Bosses, or Bosses'</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/full-proof-or-foolproof/">Full Proof or Foolproof</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/is-or-are/">Is or Are</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a 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