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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Práva_a_zodpovědnosti_neutrální_mocnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Práva_a_zodpovědnosti_neutrální_mocnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Práva a zodpovědnosti neutrální mocnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Práva_a_zodpovědnosti_neutrální_mocnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Švýcarsko" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Švýcarsko"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Švýcarsko</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Švýcarsko-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Neutralita</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 63 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="دولة حيادية – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دولة حيادية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit%C9%99r%C9%99flik" title="Bitərəflik – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bitərəflik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Нейтралітэт – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нейтралітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Неутралитет – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Неутралитет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_neutral" title="País neutral – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="País neutral" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralitet" title="Neutralitet – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Neutralitet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralit%C3%A4t_(internationale_Politik)" title="Neutralität (internationale Politik) – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neutralität (internationale Politik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Ουδετερότητα – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουδετερότητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_country" title="Neutral country – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Neutral country" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C5%ADtraleco_(internaciaj_rilatoj)" title="Neŭtraleco (internaciaj rilatoj) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Neŭtraleco (internaciaj rilatoj)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_neutral" title="País neutral – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="País neutral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutraliteet" title="Neutraliteet – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Neutraliteet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C_(%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84)" title="بی‌طرفی (روابط بین‌الملل) – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بی‌طرفی (روابط بین‌الملل)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puolueeton_maa" title="Puolueeton maa – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puolueeton maa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralit%C3%A9_(relations_internationales)" title="Neutralité (relations internationales) – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Neutralité (relations internationales)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9thaich_Neodrail" title="Dùthaich Neodrail – skotská gaelština" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dùthaich Neodrail" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotská gaelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_neutral" title="País neutral – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="País neutral" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מדינה נייטרלית – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדינה נייטרלית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="तटस्थता – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तटस्थता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralnost" title="Neutralnost – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Neutralnost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semleges_%C3%A1llam" title="Semleges állam – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Semleges állam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Չեզոքություն – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չեզոքություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_netral" title="Negara netral – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Negara netral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutreso" title="Neutreso – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Neutreso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralit%C3%A0" title="Neutralità – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Neutralità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="中立国 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中立国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_netral" title="Negara netral – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Negara netral" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ნეიტრალიტეტი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნეიტრალიტეტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Нейтралитет – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нейтралитет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%A6%BD%EA%B5%AD" title="중립국 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중립국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Бейтараптык – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бейтараптык" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralitas" title="Neutralitas – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Neutralitas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralit%C3%A9it_(International_Politik)" title="Neutralitéit (International Politik) – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Neutralitéit (International Politik)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_neutral" title="Stat neutral – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Stat neutral" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralitetas" title="Neutralitetas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Neutralitetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neitralit%C4%81te" title="Neitralitāte – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Neitralitāte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Неутралност – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Неутралност" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutraal_land" title="Neutraal land – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neutraal land" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B8ytralitet" title="Nøytralitet – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nøytralitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B8ytralitet" title="Nøytralitet – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nøytralitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralitat_(diplomacia)" title="Neutralitat (diplomacia) – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Neutralitat (diplomacia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%84stwo_neutralne" title="Państwo neutralne – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Państwo neutralne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90_%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87_%D9%87%DB%90%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بې طرفه هېواد – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بې طرفه هېواد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_neutro" title="País neutro – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="País neutro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_neutru" title="Stat neutru – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stat neutru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Нейтралитет – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нейтралитет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralna_dr%C5%BEava" title="Neutralna država – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Neutralna država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrality_(international_relations)" title="Neutrality (international relations) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Neutrality (international relations)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralita" title="Neutralita – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Neutralita" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevtralnost" title="Nevtralnost – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nevtralnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Неутралност – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Неутралност" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralitet" title="Neutralitet – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neutralitet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="நடுநிலை நாடு – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நடுநிலை நாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D3%A3" title="Бетарафӣ – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бетарафӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarafs%C4%B1z_%C3%BClke" title="Tarafsız ülke – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tarafsız ülke" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Нейтралітет – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нейтралітет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betaraflik" title="Betaraflik – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Betaraflik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_trung_l%E1%BA%ADp" title="Quốc gia trung lập – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc gia trung lập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="中立国 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="中立国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ნეიტრალიტეტი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნეიტრალიტეტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="中立國 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中立國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-li%CC%8Dp" title="Tiong-li̍p – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-li̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="中立國 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中立國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185963#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neutralita" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Neutralita" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neutralita"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neutralita"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Neutralita" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Neutralita" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&oldid=24028033" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Neutralita&id=24028033&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNeutralita"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNeutralita"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Neutralita"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Neutralita&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neutrality" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185963" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote noprint">Tento článek je o neutralitě států. Další významy jsou uvedeny na stránce <a href="/wiki/Neutralita_(rozcestn%C3%ADk)" class="mw-disambig" title="Neutralita (rozcestník)">Neutralita (rozcestník)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Neutral_countries_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Neutral_countries_map.svg/440px-Neutral_countries_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Neutral_countries_map.svg/660px-Neutral_countries_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Neutral_countries_map.svg/880px-Neutral_countries_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption> <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><span style="border:1px solid #0F5D05"><span style="background-color:#0F5D05"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">    </span></span></span> <span title="zvýrazněno" style="background-color: ;">Neutrální země</span></div> <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><span style="border:1px solid #EBCF16"><span style="background-color:#EBCF16"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">    </span></span></span> <span title="zvýrazněno" style="background-color: ;">Země považující se za neutrální</span></div> <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><span style="border:1px solid #04E3F1"><span style="background-color:#04E3F1"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">    </span></span></span> <span title="zvýrazněno" style="background-color: ;">Země neutrální v minulosti</span></div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Neutralita</b> (z <a href="/wiki/Latina" title="Latina">lat.</a> <i>neutralis</i>, přídavné jméno k <i>neuter</i>, „na žádné straně“, „ani jeden z obou“, spojením <i>ne +</i> <i>uter</i>, doslova „ne jeden ze dvou“) je pojem <a href="/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_pr%C3%A1vo" title="Mezinárodní právo">mezinárodního práva</a> vyjadřující, že stát v nějakém <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1lka" title="Válka">válečném konfliktu</a> není členem žádného z válčících bloků nebo že je <i>trvale neutrální</i> pro případ budoucích konfliktů a není proto členem žádné mezinárodní vojenské organizace. Odlišuje se od stavu <i>nebojující země</i>, která však může nepřímo podporovat jednu válčící stranu, nebo od politických konceptů <a href="/wiki/Izolacionismus" title="Izolacionismus">izolacionismu</a> a <a href="/wiki/Hnut%C3%AD_nez%C3%BA%C4%8Dastn%C4%9Bn%C3%BDch_zem%C3%AD" title="Hnutí nezúčastněných zemí">nezúčastněných zemí</a>. </p><p>Neutralitu upravuje pařížská deklarace z roku <a href="/wiki/1856" title="1856">1856</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haagsk%C3%A9_%C3%BAmluvy" title="Haagské úmluvy">V. haagská úmluva</a> z roku <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> (neutralita v pozemní válce) a XIII. haagská konvence z roku <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> (neutralita v námořní válce). Dočasně neutrální bylo <a href="/wiki/Rakousko" title="Rakousko">Rakousko</a> za <a href="/wiki/Krymsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Krymská válka">krymské války</a> či <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko">Švédsko</a> za <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_sv%C4%9Btov%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Druhá světová válka">druhé světové války</a>. K neutrálním evropským zemím dnes patří <a href="/wiki/Irsko" title="Irsko">Irsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rakousko" title="Rakousko">Rakousko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%BDcarsko" title="Švýcarsko">Švýcarsko</a>. </p><p>Jediný neutrální <a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">asijský</a> stát je <a href="/wiki/Turkmenist%C3%A1n" title="Turkmenistán">Turkmenistán</a> a jediný neutrální <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">americký</a> stát je <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>. </p><p>Státy, které se považují za neutrální je <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexiko" title="Mexiko">Mexiko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolsko" title="Mongolsko">Mongolsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldavsko" title="Moldavsko">Moldavsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Srbsko" title="Srbsko">Srbsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vatik%C3%A1n" title="Vatikán">Vatikán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekist%C3%A1n" title="Uzbekistán">Uzbekistán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kostarika" title="Kostarika">Kostarika</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko">Švédsko</a> a <a href="/wiki/Finsko" title="Finsko">Finsko</a> bylo neutrální do roku 2022 než podaly státy ve stejném roce přihlášku a připojení k <a href="/wiki/Severoatlantick%C3%A1_aliance" title="Severoatlantická aliance">NATO</a>. </p><p>Je sporné, zda stát může neutralitu vyhlásit jednostranně jako <a href="/wiki/Belgie" title="Belgie">Belgie</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Norsko" title="Norsko">Norsko</a> před druhou světovou válkou.<sup>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Ov%C4%9B%C5%99itelnost" title="Wikipedie:Ověřitelnost"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Je potřeba doložit zdroj předchozího tvrzení">zdroj?</span></a>]</sup> Standardní členství v <a href="/wiki/Organizace_spojen%C3%BDch_n%C3%A1rod%C5%AF" title="Organizace spojených národů">OSN</a> neutralitu znemožňuje, neboť každý členský stát je povinen se podřídit rezoluci Rady bezpečnosti. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Práva_a_zodpovědnosti_neutrální_mocnosti"><span id="Pr.C3.A1va_a_zodpov.C4.9Bdnosti_neutr.C3.A1ln.C3.AD_mocnosti"></span>Práva a zodpovědnosti neutrální mocnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Práva a zodpovědnosti neutrální mocnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Práva a zodpovědnosti neutrální mocnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Znepřátelené strany nemohou vpadnout na neutrální území<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a jakékoliv podobné snahy nejsou kompromisem neutrality.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Neutrální moc musí zabránit vojskům znepřátelených stran vstoupit na své území.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rozdíl je u prchajících válečných vězňů.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armády válečných stran v neutrálním státě nemohou nabírat vojáky<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ale obyvatelé mohou jít do zahraničí a tam narukovat.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armádní vybavení (osoby ani materiál) znepřátelených stran nemohou být převáženy přes neutrální území.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rozdíl je u zraněných osob.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neutrální mocnost může zásobovat komunikačními zařízeními válečné strany (zprostředkovávat)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ale nemůže zásobovat válečným materiálem <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ačkoli není třeba se vyhýbat exportu takového materiálu.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Válečná loď (námořnictva) může použít neutrální přístav (přístav neutrálního státu) na max. 24 hodin, ačkoliv domácí strana (přístavu) si může zavést rozdílné omezení.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Výjimky jsou při nutných opravách, kde je povoleno minimum času potřebného k tomu, aby se plavidlo vrátilo na moře <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, nebo pokud je v přístavu i plavidlo opačné znepřátelené strany. Tehdy musí mít 1 loď náskok 24hodin.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Válečná loď jedné strany zajata druhou stranou ve vodách neutrální mocnosti musí být vydána druhou stranou neutrálnímu státu, což se váže i na posádku dané lodě.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Švýcarsko"><span id=".C5.A0v.C3.BDcarsko"></span>Švýcarsko</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Švýcarsko" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Švýcarsko"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prototypem neutrálního státu je <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%BDcarsko" title="Švýcarsko">Švýcarsko</a>, jehož permanentní neutralita je mezinárodně uznána. </p><p>Od dob <a href="/wiki/Studen%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Studená válka">studené války</a> je však – ostatně jako i u jiných zemí, viz např. <a href="/wiki/Francie" title="Francie">Francie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%BD_svaz" title="Sovětský svaz">SSSR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království">Velká Británie</a> – kritizována jeho spolupráce s <a href="/wiki/Nacistick%C3%A9_N%C4%9Bmecko" title="Nacistické Německo">nacistickým Německem</a>. U Švýcarska jsou uváděny: uzavírání hranic před uprchlíky, vracení <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDid%C3%A9" title="Židé">Židů</a> zpravidla od hranic, vydávání majetku Židů pod nacistickým tlakem, zatajení a přivlastnění si bankovních kont Židů, kteří zahynuli při <a href="/wiki/Holokaust" title="Holokaust">holocaustu</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Haagsk%C3%A9_%C3%BAmluvy" title="Haagské úmluvy">Haagské úmluvy</a>, §5 odst. 1 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 11 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 13 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 4,5 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 6 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 2 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 14 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §5 odst. 8 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 6 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 7 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 12 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 14 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 16 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haagské úmluvy, §13 odst. 3 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fronta.cz/svycarsko-za-valky-skutecne-neutralni">http://www.fronta.cz/svycarsko-za-valky-skutecne-neutralni</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralita&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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