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name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Panlapi - Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panlapi"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (tl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panlapi"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom feed ng Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Mga_huling_binago&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Panlapi rootpage-Panlapi skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pumunta sa nilalaman</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pangunahing pagpipilian" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pangunahing pagpipilian</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pangunahing pagpipilian</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Maglibot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" title="Puntahan ang unang pahina [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Unang pahina</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tingnan_ang_buod" title="Mga gabay sa pagbabasa ng laktaw-laktaw sa Wikipedia"><span>Mga nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-Napiling-nilalaman" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mga_napiling_artikulo"><span>Napiling nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Pakikihalubilo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Pakikihalubilo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pakikihalubilo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Puntahan_ng_pamayanan" title="Tungkol sa proyekto, ano ang maari mong gawin, at kung saan maari maghanap ng mga bagay"><span>Pamayanan</span></a></li><li id="n-Kapihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kapihan"><span>Kapihan</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_huling_binago" title="Tala ng mga huling pagbabago sa wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mga huling binago</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makipag-ugnayan_sa_amin" title="Paano makokontak ang Wikipedia"><span>Makipag-ugnayan</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulong" title="Ang lugar para maghanap ng tulong sa Wikipedia."><span>Tulong</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ang Malayang Ensiklopedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tl.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Maghanap" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hanapin</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" aria-label="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Natatangi:Maghanap"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hanapin</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itsura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itsura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Panlapi" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Panlapi" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga pansariling kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl"><span>Donasyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Mag-ambag</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Panlapi" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Gumawa ng account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Panlapi" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mag-login</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga pahina para sa naka-logout na mga patnugot o editor <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maligayang_pagdating!" aria-label="Alamin pa ang tungkol sa pagpapatnugot"><span>alamin pa</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Usapan_ko" title="Usapang tungkol sa mga pagbabagong ginawa sa ip address na ito [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mga nilalaman" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sa_Wikang_Filipino_at_Tagalog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sa_Wikang_Filipino_at_Tagalog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sa Wikang Filipino at Tagalog</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sa_Wikang_Filipino_at_Tagalog-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Ipakita/Itago ang subseksyon na Sa Wikang Filipino at Tagalog</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sa_Wikang_Filipino_at_Tagalog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uri_ng_Panlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uri_ng_Panlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Uri ng Panlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uri_ng_Panlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Unlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Unlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gitlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gitlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Gitlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gitlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hulapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hulapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Hulapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hulapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kabilaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kabilaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>Kabilaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kabilaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laguhan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laguhan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.5</span> <span>Laguhan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laguhan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paraan_ng_Paglalapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraan_ng_Paglalapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Paraan ng Paglalapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraan_ng_Paglalapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pag-uunlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pag-uunlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Pag-uunlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pag-uunlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paggigitlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paggigitlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Paggigitlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paggigitlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paghuhulapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paghuhulapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Paghuhulapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paghuhulapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pag-uunlapi_at_Paghuhulapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pag-uunlapi_at_Paghuhulapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Pag-uunlapi at Paghuhulapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pag-uunlapi_at_Paghuhulapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pag-uunlapi_at_Paggigitlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pag-uunlapi_at_Paggigitlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>Pag-uunlapi at Paggigitlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pag-uunlapi_at_Paggigitlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhunlapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhunlapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.6</span> <span>Paggigitlapi at Paghuhunlapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhunlapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pag-uunlapi,_Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhulapi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pag-uunlapi,_Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhulapi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.7</span> <span>Pag-uunlapi, Paggigitlapi at Paghuhulapi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pag-uunlapi,_Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhulapi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panlapi_sa_Hiram_na_Salita" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panlapi_sa_Hiram_na_Salita"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Panlapi sa Hiram na Salita</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panlapi_sa_Hiram_na_Salita-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_Sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_Sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mga Sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mga_Sanggunian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Ipakita/Itago ang subseksyon na Mga Sanggunian</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mga_Sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mga_Sipi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_Sipi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mga Sipi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_Sipi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_Pinagkukunan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_Pinagkukunan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mga Pinagkukunan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_Pinagkukunan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Panlapi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 81 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9)" title="زائدة (لغة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زائدة (لغة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixu" title="Afixu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Afixu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99kil%C3%A7i" title="Şəkilçi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şəkilçi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="اک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruna_tiron" title="Kruna tiron – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kruna tiron" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="एफ़िक्स – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एफ़िक्स" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenger" title="Kenger – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kenger" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglalanggikit" title="Iglalanggikit – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Iglalanggikit" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodiad" title="Dodiad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dodiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C9%9Blimpahirili" title="Biɛlimpahirili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Biɛlimpahirili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix_(Linguistik)" title="Affix (Linguistik) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Affix (Linguistik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Πρόσφυμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρόσφυμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afikso" title="Afikso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Afikso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afijo" title="Afijo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Afijo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizki" title="Hizki – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hizki" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="وند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiksi" title="Affiksi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Affiksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixe" title="Affixe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Affixe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מוספית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוספית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toldal%C3%A9k" title="Toldalék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Toldalék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81" title="Ածանց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ածանց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixo" title="Affixo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Affixo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B0skeyti" title="Aðskeyti – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aðskeyti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affisso" title="Affisso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Affisso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%BE%9E" title="接辞 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="接辞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/rafsi" title="rafsi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="rafsi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="აფიქსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აფიქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%91%EC%82%AC" title="접사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="접사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gire" title="Gire – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gire" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%AF%D1%87%D3%A9" title="Мүчө – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мүчө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixum" title="Affixum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Affixum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiksas" title="Afiksas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Afiksas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afikss" title="Afikss – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Afikss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirinteny" title="Tsirinteny – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsirinteny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афикс – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Афикс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbuhan" title="Imbuhan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Imbuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiss" title="Affiss – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Affiss" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formant_(morfologia)" title="Formant (morfologia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Formant (morfologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obrazilo" title="Obrazilo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obrazilo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndajshtesa" title="Ndajshtesa – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ndajshtesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афикс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Афикс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiambishi" title="Kiambishi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiambishi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1" title="หน่วยคำเติม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยคำเติม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek" title="Ek – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_t%E1%BB%91" title="Phụ tố – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phụ tố" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sititchete_(linwince)" title="Sititchete (linwince) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sititchete (linwince)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigdugtong" title="Tigdugtong – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tigdugtong" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E7%BC%80" title="词缀 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="词缀" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94" title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B4" title="詞綴 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="詞綴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B4" title="詞綴 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="詞綴" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62155#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" class="wbc-editpage">baguhin ang mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panlapi" title="Tingnan ang nilalaman [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Usapan:Panlapi" 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class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mga tingin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panlapi"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&action=edit" title="Protektado ang pahinang ito. Maaari mong makita ang wikitext nito. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Tingnan ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&action=history" title="Nakaraang pagbabago sa pahinang ito [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga kagamitan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga kagamitan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga aksyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panlapi"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&action=edit"><span>Tingnan ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&action=history"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pangkalahatan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Ano_ang_nakakawing_dito/Panlapi" title="Talaan ng mga pahinang wiking nakaturo rito. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mga nakaturo rito</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Nakakawing_ng_kamakailang_pagbabago/Panlapi" rel="nofollow" title="Mga huling binago sa mga kaugnay na pahina mula sa pahinang ito [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kaugnay na pagbabago</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tl" title="Magkarga ng mga larawan o iba pang midya [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Mag-upload ng file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Natatanging_mga_pahina" title="Tala ng mga natatanging pahina [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Natatanging pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&oldid=2053001" title="Ibigay ang palagiang kawing para sa kasalukuyang bersyon ng pahinang ito"><span>Permanenteng link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Impormasyon ng pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Sipiin&page=Panlapi&id=2053001&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Impormasyon sa pagsangguni sa pahinang ito"><span>Sumangguni</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPanlapi"><span>Kumuha ng pinaikling URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPanlapi"><span>I-download ang QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> I-print/I-export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Aklat&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Panlapi"><span>Lumikha ng isang aklat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Panlapi&action=show-download-screen"><span>I-download bilang PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&printable=yes" title="Ipakita ang bersyon ng pahinang itong madaling maililimbag [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bersyong mapi-print</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sa iba pang proyekto </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Affixes" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62155" title="Link sa nakakonektang item sa repositoryo ng datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Item na Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itsura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">itago</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><p>Sa <a href="/wiki/Lingguwistika" title="Lingguwistika">lingguwistika</a>, ang <b>panlapi</b> ay isang <a href="/wiki/Morpema" title="Morpema">morpema</a> na ikinakabit sa isang salitang-ugat upang makabuo ng isang bagong <a href="/wiki/Salita" title="Salita">salita</a> o anyo ng salita. Sa <a href="/wiki/Balarila" title="Balarila">balarilang</a> Tagalog, bumababatay ang sistema ng <a href="/wiki/Pandiwa" title="Pandiwa">pandiwa</a> sa paggamit ng mga panlapi.<sup id="cite_ref-seasite_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seasite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nalalaman din sa pamamagitan ng panlapi sa Tagalog ang ginagampanang tuon ng isang <a href="/wiki/Pangungusap" title="Pangungusap">pangungusap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-seasite_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seasite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gumagamit ng iba't ibang mga panlapi sa pandiwa sa iba't ibang ginagampanan nito. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maaring ilagay panlapi sa una (<a href="/wiki/Unlapi" title="Unlapi">unlapi</a>), gitna (gitlapi) o huli (hulapi) ng isang salita. Sa <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">wikang Ingles</a>, halos walang totoong gitlapi at matataguan lamang ito sa iilang kolokyal na pananalita at terminolohiyang teknikal. Karaniwan matatagpuan ang gitlapi sa ibang mga wika tulad ng mga wikang <a href="/wiki/Amerikanong_Indiyano" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerikanong Indiyano">Amerikanong Indiyano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Griyego" title="Wikang Griyego">Griyego</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Tagalog" title="Wikang Tagalog">Tagalog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sa_Wikang_Filipino_at_Tagalog">Sa Wikang Filipino at Tagalog</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uri_ng_Panlapi">Uri ng Panlapi</h3></div> <p>Ang mga sumusunod ang mga uri ng panlapi na ginagamit sa <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Filipino" title="Wikang Filipino">wikang Filipino</a> (at <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Tagalog" title="Wikang Tagalog">Tagalog</a>): </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Unlapi">Unlapi</h4></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Pangunahing artikulo: <a href="/wiki/Unlapi" title="Unlapi">Unlapi</a></div> <p>Ito ay mga panlapi na ikinakabit sa unahan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Unlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>um- </td> <td>+ asa </td> <td>= <u><i>um</i></u>asa </td></tr> <tr> <td>mag- </td> <td>+ aral </td> <td>= <i><u>mag-</u></i>aral </td></tr> <tr> <td>mang- </td> <td>+ isda </td> <td>= <i><u>mang</u></i>isda </td></tr> <tr> <td>ma- </td> <td>+ ligo </td> <td>= <i><u>ma</u></i>ligo </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gitlapi">Gitlapi</h4></div> <p>Ito ang mga panlaping isinisingit sa pagitan ng unang <a href="/wiki/Katinig" title="Katinig">katinig</a> at kasunod nitong patinig. Sa madaling salita, ito ay matatagpuan sa gitna ng salitang-ugat. Nagagamit laamng ang gitlapi kung ang salitang-ugat ay nagsisimula sa katinig. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Gitlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>-um- </td> <td>+ basa </td> <td>= b<u><i>um</i></u>asa </td></tr> <tr> <td>-in- </td> <td>+ sulat </td> <td>= s<u><i>in</i></u>ulat </td></tr> <tr> <td>-um- </td> <td>+ punta </td> <td>= p<i><u>um</u></i>unta </td></tr> <tr> <td>-in- </td> <td>+ biro </td> <td>= b<u><i>in</i></u>iro </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hulapi">Hulapi</h4></div> <p>Ito ay mga panlaping matatagpuan sa hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>+ Hulapi </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>basa </td> <td>+ -hin </td> <td>= basa<u><i>hin</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>gupit </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= gupit<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>sulat </td> <td>+ -in </td> <td>= sulat<u><i>in</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>una </td> <td>+ -han </td> <td>= una<u><i>han</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kabilaan">Kabilaan</h4></div> <p>Kabilaan ang tawag sa mga panlaping nasa unahan at hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Unlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>+ Hulapi </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>ka- </td> <td>+ laya </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>ka</i></u>laya<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mag- </td> <td>+ mahal </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>mag</i></u>mahal<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pala- </td> <td>+ baybay </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>pala</i></u>baybay<u><i>in</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>tala- </td> <td>+ araw </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>tala</i></u>araw<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Laguhan">Laguhan</h4></div> <p>Laguhan ang tawag sa mga panlaping nasa unahan, gitna at hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Unlapi </th> <th>+ Gitlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>+ Hulapi </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>pag- </td> <td>-um- </td> <td>+ sikap </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>pag</i></u>s<u><i>um</i></u>ikap<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mag- </td> <td>-in- </td> <td>+ dugo </td> <td>+ -an </td> <td>= <u><i>mag</i></u>d<u><i>in</i></u>ugu<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Pansinin na ang letrang <i>o</i> ay nagiging <i>u</i> kapag hinuhunlapian. Pansinin din kung saan inilalagay ang mga gitling ayon sa uri ng panlaping tinutukoy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paraan_ng_Paglalapi">Paraan ng Paglalapi</h3></div> <p>Ito ay tumutukoy sa paglalagay ng o ng mga panlapi sa salitang-ugat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pag-uunlapi">Pag-uunlapi</h4></div> <p>Paglalagay ng panlapi sa unahan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>sing- </td> <td>+ bango </td> <td>= <u><i>sim</i></u>bango </td></tr> <tr> <td>magsing- </td> <td>+ puti </td> <td>= <i><u>magkasim</u></i>puti </td></tr> <tr> <td>pang- </td> <td>+ linis </td> <td>= p<i><u>an</u></i>linis </td></tr> <tr> <td>labing- </td> <td>+ siyam </td> <td>= <i><u>labin</u></i>siyam </td></tr> <tr> <td>nakapaka- </td> <td>+ sariwa </td> <td>= <u><i>napaka</i></u>sariwa </td></tr> <tr> <td>um- </td> <td>+ alis </td> <td>= <u><i>um</i></u>alis </td></tr> <tr> <td>taga- </td> <td>+ lungsod </td> <td>= <u><i>taga</i></u>lungsod </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Pansinin ang mga panlaping nagtatapos sa /ng/. Ang <i>ng</i> ay nagiging <i>m</i> kung ang kasunod na tunog ay /p/ at /b/, nagiging <i>n</i> naman kung ang kasunod na tunog ay /d/, /l/, /r/, /s/ at /t/, at nananatiling <i>ng</i> kung ang mga tunog ay wala sa nabanggit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paggigitlapi">Paggigitlapi</h4></div> <p>Paglalagay ng panlapi sa gitna ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>-in- </td> <td>+ sariwa </td> <td>= s<i><u>in</u></i>ariwa </td></tr> <tr> <td>-in- </td> <td>+ bagoong </td> <td>= b<u><i>in</i></u>agoong </td></tr> <tr> <td>-um- </td> <td>+ takbo </td> <td>= t<i><u>um</u></i>akbo </td></tr> <tr> <td>-um- </td> <td>+ ligaya </td> <td>= l<i><u>um</u></i>igaya </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paghuhulapi">Paghuhulapi</h4></div> <p>Paglalagay ng panlapi sa hulihan o katapusan ng salitang-ugat </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>-in </td> <td>+ sariwa </td> <td>= sariwa<u><i>in</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-an </td> <td>+ ails </td> <td>= alis<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-hin </td> <td>+ takbo </td> <td>= takbo<u><i>hin</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pag-uunlapi_at_Paghuhulapi">Pag-uunlapi at Paghuhulapi</h4></div> <p>Ang panlapi ay ikinakabit sa unahan at hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mga Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>ka- -an </td> <td>+ lagay </td> <td>= <u><i>ka</i></u>lagay<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pa- -hin </td> <td>+ sigla </td> <td>= <u><i>pa</i></u>sigla<u><i>hin</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ma- -an </td> <td>+ tanim </td> <td>= <u><i>ma</i></u>tanim<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pag-uunlapi_at_Paggigitlapi">Pag-uunlapi at Paggigitlapi</h4></div> <p>Ang panlapi ay ikinakabit sa unahan at sa gitna ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mga Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>mag- -um- </td> <td>+ sikap </td> <td>= <u><i>mag</i></u>s<u><i>um</i></u>ikap </td></tr> <tr> <td>i- -in- </td> <td>+ kuha </td> <td>= <u><i>i</i></u>k<u><i>in</i></u>uha </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhunlapi">Paggigitlapi at Paghuhunlapi</h4></div> <p>Ikinakabit ang panlapi sa gitna at sa hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mga Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>-in- -an </td> <td>+ tabas </td> <td>= t<u><i>in</i></u>abas<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>-in- -an </td> <td>+ walis </td> <td>= w<u><i>in</i></u>alis<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pag-uunlapi,_Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhulapi"><span id="Pag-uunlapi.2C_Paggigitlapi_at_Paghuhulapi"></span>Pag-uunlapi, Paggigitlapi at Paghuhulapi</h4></div> <p>Ang mga panlapi ay ikinakabit sa unahan, gitna at hulihan ng salitang-ugat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mga Panlapi </th> <th>+ Salitang-Ugat </th> <th>= Salita </th></tr> <tr> <td>pag- -um- -an </td> <td>+ sikap </td> <td>= <u><i>pag</i></u>s<u><i>um</i></u>ikap<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ipag- -um- -an </td> <td>+ walis </td> <td>= <u><i>ipag</i></u>s<u><i>um</i></u>igaw<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mag- -in- -an </td> <td>+ dugo </td> <td>= <u><i>mag</i></u>d<u><i>in</i></u>ugu<u><i>an</i></u> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panlapi_sa_Hiram_na_Salita">Panlapi sa Hiram na Salita</h3></div> <p>Sa karaniwang pag-uusap sa Tagalog o Filipino, nalalagyan din ng mga panlapi ang hiram na salita partikular sa <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">wikang Ingles</a>. Isang halimbawa nito ang salitang "nagda-<i>download</i>," ang kasalukuyang pag-<i>download</i> ng <i>file</i>. Sa kasong ito, napapantaling buo ang hiram na salita ngunit may pagkakataon na hindi buo lalo na kung gitlapi tulad ng salitang "<i>f</i>in<i>ix</i>," o katatapos pa lamang na pagsasayos ng isang bagay. Sa salitang iyon, hindi naging buo ang salitang-ugat na <i>fix</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_Sanggunian">Mga Sanggunian</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mga_Sipi">Mga Sipi</h3></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-seasite-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-seasite_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-seasite_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2132731">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330222339/http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Grammar%20Activities/Grammar%202/Verbal%20Focus/Verbalfocus-fs.htm">"Verbalfocuspage"</a>. <i>www.seasite.niu.edu</i> (sa wikang Ingles). Northern Illinois University, Interactive learning resources for Southeast Asian languages, literatures and cultures. Inarkibo mula sa <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seasite.niu.edu/tagalog/grammar%20activities/Grammar%202/Verbal%20Focus/Verbalfocus-fs.htm">orihinal</a> noong 2019-03-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2019-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.seasite.niu.edu&rft.atitle=Verbalfocuspage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seasite.niu.edu%2Ftagalog%2Fgrammar%2520activities%2FGrammar%25202%2FVerbal%2520Focus%2FVerbalfocus-fs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3APanlapi" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_web" title="Padron:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaii.edu/filipino/Grammar_Topics/Grammar_2-2.html">"Grammar - The Verb: Aspect and Focus- Focus"</a> (sa wikang Ingles). University of Hawai'i, UHM Filipino & Philippine Literature Program. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2019-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grammar+-+The+Verb%3A+Aspect+and+Focus-+Focus&rft.pub=University+of+Hawai%27i%2C+UHM+Filipino+%26+Philippine+Literature+Program&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaii.edu%2Ffilipino%2FGrammar_Topics%2FGrammar_2-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3APanlapi" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_web" title="Padron:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/affix">"Affix - GRAMMAR"</a> (sa wikang Ingles). Encyclopedia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2019-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Affix+-+GRAMMAR&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Faffix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3APanlapi" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_web" title="Padron:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span> </span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mga_Pinagkukunan">Mga Pinagkukunan</h3></div> <ul><li><i>Pinagyamang Pluma 9,</i> by Ailene G. Baisa-Julian, Mary Grace G. del Rosario, Nestor S. Lontoc <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/9789710636525" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-971-06-3652-5</a>, pp. 349-351</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Kinuha sa "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&oldid=2053001">https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panlapi&oldid=2053001</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_kategorya" title="Natatangi:Mga kategorya">Mga kategorya</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Wika" title="Kategorya:Wika">Wika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Balarila" title="Kategorya:Balarila">Balarila</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Wikang_Tagalog" title="Kategorya:Wikang Tagalog">Wikang Tagalog</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Wikang_Filipino" title="Kategorya:Wikang Filipino">Wikang Filipino</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Nakatagong kategorya: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">CS1 maint: date auto-translated</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Sangguniang_CS1_sa_wikang_Ingles_(en)" title="Kategorya:Sangguniang CS1 sa wikang Ingles (en)">Sangguniang CS1 sa wikang Ingles (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Kategorya:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Huling pagbabago: 10:36, 17 Nobyembre 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Magagamit ang teksto sa ilalim ng <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Lisensyang Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike</a>; maaaring mailapat ang karagdagang termino. 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