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<span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> 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Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88" title="تسقالتوبو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تسقالتوبو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsxaltubo" title="Tsxaltubo – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tsxaltubo" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Цхалтубо ҡалаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Цхалтубо ҡалаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Цхалтуба – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цхалтуба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Цхалтуба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цхалтуба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo_(lungsod)" title="Tsqaltubo (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tsqaltubo (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cchaltubo" title="Cchaltubo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cchaltubo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskaltubo" title="Tskaltubo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tskaltubo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zqaltubo" title="Zqaltubo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskaltubo" title="Tskaltubo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tskaltubo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo" title="Tsqaltubo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tsqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88" title="تسقالتوبو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تسقالتوبو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskhaltoubo" title="Tskhaltoubo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tskhaltoubo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B8%A0%EC%B9%BC%ED%88%AC%EB%B3%B4" title="츠칼투보 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="츠칼투보" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BE%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A2%D5%B8" title="Ծղալտուբո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ծղալտուբո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cchaltubo" title="Cchaltubo – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Cchaltubo" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8A%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цъхъалтъубо – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цъхъалтъубо" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskhaltubo" title="Tskhaltubo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tskhaltubo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91%D7%95" title="צקאלטובו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צקאלטובו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D" title="წყალტუბო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წყალტუბო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ckaltubo" title="Ckaltubo – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ckaltubo" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cchaltubas" title="Cchaltubas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cchaltubas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B" title="റ്റ്‌സ്ഖാൽറ്റുബോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റ്റ്‌സ്ഖാൽറ്റുബോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D" title="წყალტუბო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="წყალტუბო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88" title="تسقولتوبو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تسقولتوبو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskaltoebo_(stad)" title="Tskaltoebo (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tskaltoebo (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%9C" title="チャルトゥボ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チャルトゥボ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo" title="Tsqaltubo – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tsqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ckaltubo" title="Ckaltubo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ckaltubo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo" title="Tsqaltubo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tsqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo" title="Tsqaltubo – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tsqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskaltubo" title="Tskaltubo – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tskaltubo" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Цхалтубо – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цхалтубо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsqaltubo" title="Tsqaltubo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tsqaltubo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8C%A8%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E5%9C%96%E5%8D%9A" title="茨卡爾圖博 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="茨卡爾圖博" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q227156#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tsqaltubo%22">"Tsqaltubo"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tsqaltubo%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tsqaltubo%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tsqaltubo%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tsqaltubo%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tsqaltubo%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Tskaltubo</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="geo">წყალტუბო</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Town</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tskaltubo Railway Station"><img alt="Tskaltubo Railway Station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg/280px-Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg/420px-Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg/560px-Tskaltubo_Railway_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="2457" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Tskaltubo Railway Station</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tskaltubo"><img alt="Flag of Tskaltubo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg/150px-Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg/200px-Flag_of_Tsqaltubo_Municipality.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="184" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Tskaltubo"><img alt="Official seal of Tskaltubo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG/82px-Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG" decoding="async" width="82" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG/123px-Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG/164px-Tsqaltubo_COA.PNG 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="305" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tskaltubo is located in Imereti"><img alt="Tskaltubo is located in Imereti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg/270px-Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg/405px-Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg/540px-Georgia_Imereti_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3650" data-file-height="2429" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.099%;left:25.913%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tskaltubo"><img alt="Tskaltubo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Tskaltubo</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Tskaltubo</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Imereti</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Tskaltubo is located in Georgia"><img alt="Tskaltubo is located in Georgia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png/270px-Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png/405px-Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png/540px-Relief_Map_of_Georgia.png 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="629" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:49.057%;left:39.445%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tskaltubo"><img alt="Tskaltubo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Tskaltubo</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Tskaltubo (Georgia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Georgia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tsqaltubo&params=42_19_35_N_42_36_02_E_type:city_region:GE-IM"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°19′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">42°36′02″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.32639°N 42.60056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.32639; 42.60056</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries of the world">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imereti" title="Imereti">Imereti</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Georgia (country)">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tskaltubo_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Tskaltubo Municipality">Tskaltubo</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">120 m (390 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(January 1, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,378</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B4" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+4">UTC+4</a> (Georgian Time)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+995 436</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tskaltubo.gov.ge/">tskaltubo<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ge</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg/280px-Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg/420px-Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg/560px-Zqaltubo_2017_Hotel_shaxtiori_in_the_1950s_N42_31646_E42_60059.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Hotel Shakhtiori in the 1950s</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tskaltubo</b> or <b>Tsqaltubo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>: <span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka" style="font-style: normal;">წყალტუბო</span></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Spa_town" title="Spa town">spa resort</a> in west-central <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Municipal_Website_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Municipal_Website-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the main town of the <a href="/wiki/Tsqaltubo_Municipality" title="Tsqaltubo Municipality">Tsqaltubo Municipality</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Imereti" title="Imereti">Imereti</a> province. It is known for its <a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">radon</a>-<a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonate</a> <a href="/wiki/Mineral_water" title="Mineral water">mineral springs</a>, whose natural temperature of 33–35 °C (91–95 °F) enables the water to be used without preliminary heating. </p><p>The resort's focus is on <a href="/wiki/Balneotherapy" title="Balneotherapy">balneotherapy</a> for circulatory, nervous, musculo-skeletal, gynaecological and skin diseases, but since the 1970s its repertoire has included "<a href="/wiki/Speleotherapy" title="Speleotherapy">speleotherapy</a>", in which the cool dust-free environment of local caves is said to benefit pulmonary diseases. </p><p>Tskaltubo was especially popular in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> era, attracting around 125,000 visitors a year. Bathhouse 9 features a <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a> of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a>, and visitors can see the private pool where he bathed on his visits. </p><p>Currently the spa receives only some 700 visitors a year, however, there are numerous restoration projects to promote the regeneration of this historic spa town. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tskaltubo is located in the central part of west Georgia, in the lowland, at the foot of the <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">Southern Caucasus</a>, 98 meters above the sea-level, in the valley of the river Tskaltubo. It is located 9 km away from <a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a> and 240 km from the Georgian capital <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>. The climate in Tskaltubo is warm and moderately mild. The average annual temperature is +15C, and average annual precipitation is 76%. Winters here are warm and mild. </p><p>Tskaltubo is rich with karst caves. Such as “Satsurblia", "Prometheus" and "Sataplia" which provide visitors with breathtaking examples of stalactites, stalagmites, curtains, petrified waterfalls, cave pearls, underground rivers, and lakes. The temperature in the cave is always 13-15C. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Satsurblia_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsurblia cave">Satsurblia cave</a> is the first and only Speleotherapic - object in the Caucasus Region. The cave has unique climatic environment that gives it the ability be transformed to a recreational tourism destination for individuals with respiratory diseases ( e.g. Bronchial asthma, etc.). <a href="/wiki/Speleotherapy" title="Speleotherapy">Speleotherapy</a>, or underground climate-therapy, is a set of recreational therapy methods based on the use of underground microclimate to improve health. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Cave_Natural_Monument" title="Prometheus Cave Natural Monument">Prometheus cave</a> is one of the longest caves in Georgia. Visitors can see halls of Argonauts, Colchis, Medea, Love, and Prometheus and of Iberia, the excursion can be finished by foot or by a 15-minute boat ride an underground river.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Sataplia reserve is known for its footprints of dinosaurs. The reserve also has a karst caves. There is a transparent platform that gives views of the area.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another factor in Tskaltubo is its architecture which is basically a synthesis of Stalinist period classical style and of Georgian ethnic decor with Gothic and Roman features.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo,_Georgia._1957.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo%2C_Georgia._1957.jpg/280px-Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo%2C_Georgia._1957.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo%2C_Georgia._1957.jpg/420px-Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo%2C_Georgia._1957.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Sanatorium_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union._Tsqaltubo%2C_Georgia._1957.jpg 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Sanatorium of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union in 1957</figcaption></figure> <p>The "Waters of Immortality" in Tskaltubo were probably known already in the 7th-9th centuries, when the oldest historical records are dated. Since the 18th century several foreign researchers gave word of the healing properties of these springs: Berlin Society of Friends of Natural Science (1782); J. Klaproth (1815); A. Jolenberg (1897). By 1920, after chemical analysis had revealed the uniqueness of the water, Tskaltubo was officially declared a medical spa resort and achieve the status of city in 1953. </p><p>In 1920 the territory of Tskaltubo became state property and it acquired the function of balneology resort. The building of the resort started in 1926. In 1931, a decree by the government of Georgian Soviet Republic designed Tskaltubo as a spa resort and balneology center. </p><p>In 1950-1951, architects I. Zaalishvili and V. Kedia prepared a project plan for the town where sanatoriums form a circle around a park, recreation and balneology facilities. Tskaltubo was divided into the following zones: balneological, sanitarian and living. </p><p>In 1953, Tskaltubo became the important spa-resort during the Soviet times. At different times, there were built 19 sanatoriums and pensions, nine baths, resort park, Branch of Scientific Institute of balneology and physiotherapy. </p><p>As one of Georgia's flagship historic spa towns, the town is still popular for the qualities of its waters. Tskaltubo mineral waters are famous for their stable physical and chemical composition and they are categorized as slight radon chloride –magnesium waters. The high-performance spa preventive effect of mineral waters is conditioned by their complex content and particular fusion of salt components. In Tskaltubo the bath taking has a peculiar technique, the treatment take place under the constant running water ( mineral water constantly flows in and out of the spa) and the water permanently preserves physical-chemical and mineral compositions. The water consists of six components and it penetrates into the human body via pores. Constituent ingredients in number are far below the permissible minimum, temperature of water is 33-35 °C, it is very soft, pure and odorless. </p><p>Visitor numbers to Tsqaltubo dwindled after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and currently the spa town only receives approximately 700 visitors a year. Since 1993 many of the sanatorium complexes have been devoted to housing some 9000 refugees, primarily women and children, displaced from their homes by the <a href="/wiki/Abkhaz%E2%80%93Georgian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz–Georgian conflict">conflict</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ApplisTsk3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApplisTsk3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been a number of plans and projects to renovate and reconstitute Tskaltubo as a major resort.<sup id="cite_ref-ApplisTsk3_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApplisTsk3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mineral_water_baths">Mineral water baths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mineral water baths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The unique radon-carbonated waters are Tskaltubo's major mineral resource. They emerge at a comfortable temperature for bathing (35 °C), allowing them to be directly transferred from springs to the baths without cooling or heating. </p><p>The "Spring No. 6", is the largest thermal bath working today. It was built in 1950 exclusively for <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>, leader of the Soviet Union at the time. Private baths and dachas of Stalin and Lavrenti Beria are still kept in the city. The mineral water flows directly into Buildings #1 and #6. There are five pools of mineral water, 37 individual cabins for bathing mineral water and 17 hydro-massage cabinets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/FC_Samgurali_Tsqaltubo" class="mw-redirect" title="FC Samgurali Tsqaltubo">Samgurali Tskaltubo</a>, founded in 1945, is one the country's top <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imereti" title="Imereti">Imereti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tkvarcheli" title="Tkvarcheli">Tkvarcheli</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geostat.ge/media/61960/1-3-population-by-cities-and-boroughs.xlsx">"Population by regions"</a>. National Statistics Office of Georgia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+by+regions&rft.pub=National+Statistics+Office+of+Georgia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeostat.ge%2Fmedia%2F61960%2F1-3-population-by-cities-and-boroughs.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsqaltubo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Municipal_Website-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Municipal_Website_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tskaltubo.gov.ge/">"Tskaltubo Municipal Website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tskaltubo+Municipal+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftskaltubo.gov.ge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsqaltubo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ApplisTsk3-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ApplisTsk3_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ApplisTsk3_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApplis2020" class="citation web cs1">Applis, Stefan (2 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacesandpractices.com/2020/09/02/the-plan-of-tskaltubo-as-the-spa-capital-of-eastern-europe/">"The plan of Tskaltubo as the 'Spa Capital of Eastern Europe'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>SPACES, PLACES & PRACTICES</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SPACES%2C+PLACES+%26+PRACTICES&rft.atitle=The+plan+of+Tskaltubo+as+the+%27Spa+Capital+of+Eastern+Europe%27&rft.date=2020-09-02&rft.aulast=Applis&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacesandpractices.com%2F2020%2F09%2F02%2Fthe-plan-of-tskaltubo-as-the-spa-capital-of-eastern-europe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsqaltubo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsqaltubo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sokhumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokhumi">Sokhumi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Athos" title="New Athos">Akhali Atoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagra" title="Gagra">Gagra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gali_(town)" title="Gali (town)">Gali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudauta" title="Gudauta">Gudauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochamchire" title="Ochamchire">Ochamchire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tkvarcheli" title="Tkvarcheli">Tkvarcheli</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bichvinta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bichvinta">Bichvinta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gantiadi" title="Gantiadi">Gantiadi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gulripshi" title="Gulripshi">Gulripshi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leselidze_(town)" title="Leselidze (town)">Leselidze</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myussera" class="mw-redirect" title="Myussera">Miusera</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia"><img alt="Flag of Georgia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/100px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/150px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/200px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Coat of arms of Georgia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Georgia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/100px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/150px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/200px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="556" data-file-height="485" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adjara" title="Adjara">Autonomous Republic of Adjara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobuleti" title="Kobuleti">Kobuleti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chakvi" title="Chakvi">Chakvi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Keda,_Georgia" title="Keda, Georgia">Keda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khulo" title="Khulo">Khulo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ochkhamuri" title="Ochkhamuri">Ochkhamuri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuakhevi" title="Shuakhevi">Shuakhevi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guria" title="Guria">Guria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ozurgeti" title="Ozurgeti">Ozurgeti</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanchkhuti" title="Lanchkhuti">Lanchkhuti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chokhatauri" title="Chokhatauri">Chokhatauri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bakhmaro" title="Bakhmaro">Bakhmaro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gomismta" title="Gomismta">Gomismta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laituri" title="Laituri">Laituri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naruja" title="Naruja">Naruja</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kveda_Nasakirali" title="Kveda Nasakirali">Kveda Nasakirali</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ureki" title="Ureki">Ureki</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imereti" title="Imereti">Imereti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghdati" title="Baghdati">Baghdati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiatura" title="Chiatura">Chiatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoni" title="Khoni">Khoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachkhere" title="Sachkhere">Sachkhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samtredia" title="Samtredia">Samtredia</a></li> <li><a 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title="Lagodekhi">Lagodekhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagarejo" title="Sagarejo">Sagarejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighnaghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sighnaghi">Sighnaghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsnori" title="Tsnori">Tsnori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mtskheta-Mtianeti" title="Mtskheta-Mtianeti">Mtskheta-Mtianeti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mtskheta" title="Mtskheta">Mtskheta</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusheti" title="Dusheti">Dusheti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akhalgori" title="Akhalgori">Akhalgori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pasanauri" title="Pasanauri">Pasanauri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sioni_(townlet)" title="Sioni (townlet)">Sioni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stepantsminda" title="Stepantsminda">Stepantsminda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tianeti" title="Tianeti">Tianeti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsinagari" title="Tsinagari">Tsinagari</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zhinvali" title="Zhinvali">Zhinvali</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Samegrelo-Zemo_Svaneti" title="Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti">Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Zugdidi" title="Zugdidi">Zugdidi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abasha" title="Abasha">Abasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jvari_(town)" title="Jvari (town)">Jvari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khobi" title="Khobi">Khobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martvili" title="Martvili">Martvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poti" title="Poti">Poti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senaki" title="Senaki">Senaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsalenjikha" title="Tsalenjikha">Tsalenjikha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chkhorotsqu" title="Chkhorotsqu">Chkhorotsqu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mestia" title="Mestia">Mestia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Samtskhe-Javakheti" class="mw-redirect" title="Samtskhe-Javakheti">Samtskhe-Javakheti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Akhaltsikhe" title="Akhaltsikhe">Akhaltsikhe</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhalkalaki" title="Akhalkalaki">Akhalkalaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borjomi" title="Borjomi">Borjomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninotsminda" title="Ninotsminda">Ninotsminda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale,_Georgia" title="Vale, Georgia">Vale</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abastumani" title="Abastumani">Abastumani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adigeni" title="Adigeni">Adigeni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspindza" title="Aspindza">Aspindza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bakuriani" title="Bakuriani">Bakuriani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsagveri" title="Tsagveri">Tsagveri</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Racha-Lechkhumi_and_Kvemo_Svaneti" title="Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti">Racha-Lechkhumi and<br /> Kvemo Svaneti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ambrolauri" title="Ambrolauri">Ambrolauri</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oni,_Georgia" title="Oni, Georgia">Oni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsageri" title="Tsageri">Tsageri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lentekhi" title="Lentekhi">Lentekhi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kvaisa" title="Kvaisa">Kvaisa</a></i></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kvemo_Kartli" title="Kvemo Kartli">Kvemo Kartli</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Rustavi" title="Rustavi">Rustavi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolnisi" title="Bolnisi">Bolnisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardabani" title="Gardabani">Gardabani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmanisi" title="Dmanisi">Dmanisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetritsqaro" title="Tetritsqaro">Tetritsqaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marneuli" title="Marneuli">Marneuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsalka" title="Tsalka">Tsalka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bediani" title="Bediani">Bediani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kazreti" title="Kazreti">Kazreti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khramhesi" title="Khramhesi">Khramhesi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manglisi" title="Manglisi">Manglisi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tamarisi" title="Tamarisi">Tamarisi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trialeti_(town)" title="Trialeti (town)">Trialeti</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shida_Kartli" title="Shida Kartli">Shida Kartli</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gori,_Georgia" title="Gori, Georgia">Gori</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspi" title="Kaspi">Kaspi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kareli,_Georgia" title="Kareli, Georgia">Kareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khashuri" title="Khashuri">Khashuri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agara,_Georgia" title="Agara, Georgia">Agara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Java,_South_Ossetia" title="Java, South Ossetia">Java</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Surami" title="Surami">Surami</a></i></li> 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