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<li id="toc-2007_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>2007 elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>2010 elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideology_and_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideology_and_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ideology and support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideology_and_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representation_in_EU_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representation_in_EU_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Representation in EU institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representation_in_EU_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Members_holding_notable_public_offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members_holding_notable_public_offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Members holding notable public offices</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Members_holding_notable_public_offices-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Members holding notable public offices subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Members_holding_notable_public_offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-European_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>European politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Federal politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Regional politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provincial_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Provincial politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Election results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Election results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chamber_of_Representatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chamber_of_Representatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Chamber of Representatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chamber_of_Representatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Senate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Regional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brussels_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brussels_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Brussels Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brussels_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flemish_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flemish_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.2</span> <span>Flemish Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flemish_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provincial_councils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial_councils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Provincial councils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial_councils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>European Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_former_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_former_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable former members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_former_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vld" title="Open Vld – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Open Vld" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Открити фламандски либерали и демократи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Открити фламандски либерали и демократи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_VLD" title="Open VLD – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Open VLD" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otev%C5%99en%C3%AD_vl%C3%A1m%C5%A1t%C3%AD_liber%C3%A1lov%C3%A9_a_demokrat%C3%A9" title="Otevření vlámští liberálové a demokraté – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Otevření vlámští liberálové a demokraté" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CE%A6%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Ανοιχτοί Φλαμανδοί Φιλελεύθεροι και Δημοκράτες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανοιχτοί Φλαμανδοί Φιλελεύθεροι και Δημοκράτες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberales_y_Dem%C3%B3cratas_Flamencos" title="Liberales y Demócratas Flamencos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Liberales y Demócratas Flamencos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="لیبرال‌ها و دموکرات‌های فلاندری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیبرال‌ها و دموکرات‌های فلاندری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EB%A6%B0_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%8C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EB%8B%B9" title="열린 플람스 자유민주당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열린 플람스 자유민주당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberali_e_Democratici_Fiamminghi_Aperti" title="Liberali e Democratici Fiamminghi Aperti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Liberali e Democratici Fiamminghi Aperti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="המפלגה הדמוקרטית-ליברלית הפלמית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המפלגה הדמוקרטית-ליברלית הפלמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyitott_Flamand_Liber%C3%A1lisok_%C3%A9s_Demokrat%C3%A1k" title="Nyitott Flamand Liberálisok és Demokraták – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyitott Flamand Liberálisok és Demokraták" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="フラームス自由民主 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フラームス自由民主" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberais_e_Democratas_Flamengos" title="Liberais e Democratas Flamengos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Liberais e Democratas Flamengos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Открытые фламандские либералы и демократы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Открытые фламандские либералы и демократы" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party from Flanders, Belgium</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"VLD" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/VLD_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="VLD (disambiguation)">VLD (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #0087DC; border-bottom:2px solid #0087DC; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten</i></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Open_VLD.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Open_VLD.svg/180px-Open_VLD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Open_VLD.svg/270px-Open_VLD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Open_VLD.svg/360px-Open_VLD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">Open Vld</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Eva_De_Bleeker" title="Eva De Bleeker">Eva De Bleeker</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">Alexander De Croo</a> (vice-president)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1992<span class="noprint">; 33 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1992</span>)</span> (VLD)<br />2007<span class="noprint">; 18 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007</span>)</span> (Open Vld)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">VLD, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Appeal" title="Liberal Appeal">LA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vivant" title="Vivant">Vivant</a> (Open Vld)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom_and_Progress" title="Party for Freedom and Progress">Party for Freedom and Progress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Melsensstraat 34 Brussels</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2018)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 60,000<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Belgium" title="Liberalism in Belgium">Belgian</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">Pro-Europeanism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">Centre-right</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Regional affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Benelux_Parliament" title="Benelux Parliament">Liberal Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">European Parliament group</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Francophone counterpart</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Mouvement_R%C3%A9formateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouvement Réformateur">Reformist Movement</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Germanophone counterpart</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Partei_f%C3%BCr_Freiheit_und_Fortschritt" class="mw-redirect" title="Partei für Freiheit und Fortschritt">Party for Freedom and Progress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">Blue</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)" title="Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)">Chamber of Representatives</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 87</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><span style="font-size:85%;">(Flemish seats)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Belgium)" title="Senate (Belgium)">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 35</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 14%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><span style="font-size:85%;">(Flemish seats)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Parliament" title="Flemish Parliament">Flemish Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region" title="Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region">Brussels Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><span style="font-size:85%;">(Flemish seats)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 12</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Dutch-speaking_electoral_college" title="Dutch-speaking electoral college">Flemish seats</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">Flemish Provincial Councils</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 175</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Benelux_Parliament" title="Benelux Parliament">Benelux Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 21</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.openvld.be/">www<wbr />.openvld<wbr />.be</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #0087DC;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Belgium" title="Politics of Belgium">Politics of Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Belgium" title="List of political parties in Belgium">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Belgium" title="Elections in Belgium">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">[ˈoːpə(ɱ)<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈvlaːmsə<span class="wrap"> </span>libəˈraːlən<span class="wrap"> </span>ɛn<span class="wrap"> </span>deːmoːˈkraːtə(n),<span class="wrap"> </span>-lə<span class="wrap"> </span>ʔɛn<span class="wrap"> </span>-]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/93\/Nl-Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten.ogg\/Nl-Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/Nl-Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten.ogg/Nl-Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten.ogg" title="File:Nl-Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <b>Open Vld</b>) is a Flemish <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberal</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Slomp2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slomp2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StarkeKaasch2013_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StarkeKaasch2013-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> in Belgium. The party has been described as <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">centre-right</a><sup id="cite_ref-Colomer2008_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colomer2008-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has smaller factions within the party that have <a href="/wiki/Conservative_liberalism" title="Conservative liberalism">conservative liberal</a><sup id="cite_ref-Slomp2011_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slomp2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StarkeKaasch2013_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StarkeKaasch2013-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spierings2019_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spierings2019-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Social_liberalism" title="Social liberalism">social liberal</a> views.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The party is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Benelux_Parliament" title="Benelux Parliament">Liberal Group</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a>. </p><p>The party was created in 1992 from the former bilingual <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom_and_Progress" title="Party for Freedom and Progress">Party for Freedom and Progress</a> (PVV) and politicians from other parties after Belgium was reconstituted as a federal state based on language, with the French-speaking faction forming the <a href="/wiki/Mouvement_R%C3%A9formateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouvement Réformateur">Reformist Movement</a> (MR) in Wallonia. The party led the government for three cabinets under <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> from 1999 until March 2008. Open VLD then formed the Federal Government (the so-called "Swedish government") with <a href="/wiki/New_Flemish_Alliance" title="New Flemish Alliance">N-VA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_and_Flemish" title="Christian Democratic and Flemish">CD&V</a> and Mouvement Réformateur. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Parliament" title="Flemish Parliament">Flemish Parliament</a>, the VLD formed a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> with sp.a-Spirit and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_and_Flemish" title="Christian Democratic and Flemish">Christian Democratic and Flemish</a> (CD&V) from after the <a href="/wiki/2004_Belgian_regional_elections" title="2004 Belgian regional elections">2004 regional election</a> until the <a href="/wiki/2009_Belgian_regional_elections" title="2009 Belgian regional elections">2009 regional election</a>. Open VLD has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/Leterme_I_Government" title="Leterme I Government">Leterme I Government</a> formed on 22 March 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Van_Rompuy_I_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Rompuy I Government">Van Rompuy I Government</a> formed on 2 January 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Leterme_II_Government" title="Leterme II Government">Leterme II Government</a> formed on 24 November 2009 and the <a href="/wiki/Di_Rupo_Government" title="Di Rupo Government">Di Rupo Government</a> formed on 6 December 2011. </p><p>Ideologically, Open VLD started as an <a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">economically liberal</a><sup id="cite_ref-BanchoffSmith1999_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BanchoffSmith1999-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and somewhat libertarian <a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherite</a> party under its founder, <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a>, which mirrored some of the original ideology of the PVV. The VLD rapidly became more <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centrist</a> and gave up much of its <a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">free market</a> approach, partly under the influence of Verhofstadt's political scientist brother <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Verhofstadt" title="Dirk Verhofstadt">Dirk Verhofstadt</a>. However, the VLD continued to contain conservative-libertarian and classical liberal wings with ties to think-tanks like <a href="/wiki/Nova_Civitas" title="Nova Civitas">Nova Civitas</a>. Party chairman <a href="/wiki/Bart_Somers" title="Bart Somers">Bart Somers</a> called in November 2006 for a "revolution" within the party, saying that "a liberal party", like the VLD, "can be only progressive and social".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2000 to 2004, during the second period of its participation in the Belgian federal government and under <a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Belgium">Belgian Prime Minister</a> Guy Verhofstadt, the VLD allegedly lost most of its ideological appeal. Several of its thinkers such as (former member) <a href="/wiki/Boudewijn_Bouckaert" title="Boudewijn Bouckaert">Boudewijn Bouckaert</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Civitas" title="Nova Civitas">Nova Civitas</a>, heavily criticized the party. Many others, particularly from the party's conservative and Flemish autonomist wing, resented the priority it placed on the 'Belgian compromise', which enabled the <a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community</a>'s Socialist Party to gain a dominant position in the formulation of Belgian federal government policy. </p><p>In 2004, the VLD teamed up with the minority social-liberal party <a href="/wiki/Vivant" title="Vivant">Vivant</a> for both the Flemish and <a href="/wiki/European_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="European elections">European elections</a>. VLD-Vivant lost the elections to arch rivals CD&V and the <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Blok" title="Vlaams Blok">Flemish Bloc</a>. The VLD fell from second to third place among the Flemish political parties, slipping narrowly behind the sp.a-Spirit cartel. Internal feuds, the support for electoral rights for immigrants and an unsuccessful economic policy were seen as the main reasons for its election defeat. From 2007, the party kept having electoral difficulties, first due to competition from split-off <a href="/wiki/Libertair,_Direct,_Democratisch" title="Libertair, Direct, Democratisch">List Dedecker</a> and after 2010 from the liberal-conservative Flemish-nationalist party <a href="/wiki/New_Flemish_Alliance" title="New Flemish Alliance">N-VA</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The VLD has its origins in the <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom_and_Progress" title="Party for Freedom and Progress">Party for Freedom and Progress</a> (which in turn was a successor to the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Party (Belgium)">Liberal Party</a>), a bilingual party which stood in both the Flemish and Walloon regions of Belgium. As such the liberal party is the oldest political party of Belgium. In 1846, <a href="/wiki/Walth%C3%A8re_Fr%C3%A8re-Orban" title="Walthère Frère-Orban">Walthère Frère-Orban</a> succeeded in creating a political program which could unite several liberal groups into one party. Before 1960, the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Party (Belgium)">Liberal Party</a> of Belgium was barely organised. The school pact of 1958, as a result of which the most important argument for the traditional <a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism" title="Anti-clericalism">anti-clericalism</a> was removed, gave the necessary impetus for a thorough renewal. During the liberal party congress of 1961, the Liberal Party was reformed into the bilingual <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom_and_Progress" title="Party for Freedom and Progress">Party for Freedom and Progress</a> (PVV-PLP), and <a href="/wiki/Omer_Vanaudenhove" title="Omer Vanaudenhove">Omer Vanaudenhove</a> became the chairman of the new party. The new liberal party, which struggled with an anti-clerical image, opened its doors for believers, but wasn't too concerned about the situation of workers and primarily defended the interests of employers. It is a central principle of Classical Liberalism that employers and employees do NOT have opposed long term interests. </p><p>In the late 1960s and the early 1970s, the tensions between the different communities in Belgium rose and there were disagreements within the liberal movement as well. In 1972, the unitary PVV-PLP was split into separate a <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flemish</a> and a <a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">Francophone</a> parties. On Flemish side, under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Frans_Grootjans" title="Frans Grootjans">Frans Grootjans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herman_Vanderpoorten" title="Herman Vanderpoorten">Herman Vanderpoorten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Willy_De_Clercq" title="Willy De Clercq">Willy De Clercq</a>, the PVV was created, on Walloon side <a href="/wiki/Milou_Jeunehomme" title="Milou Jeunehomme">Milou Jeunehomme</a> became the head of the PLP and Brussels got its own but totally disintegrated liberal party landscape. Willy De Clercq became the first chairman of the independent Party of Freedom and Progress (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Partij voor Vrijheid en Vooruitgang</i>, PVV). De Clercq, together with Frans Grootjans and Herman Vanderpoorten, set out the lines for the new party. This reform was coupled an Ethical Congress, on which the PVV adopted very progressive and tolerant stances regarding abortion, <a href="/wiki/Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">euthanasia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery">adultery</a>, homosexuality and <a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">gender equality</a>. </p><p>In 1982, the 29-year-old reformer <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> became the chairman of the party, and even was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Budget from 1986 to 1988. <a href="/wiki/Annemie_Neyts" class="mw-redirect" title="Annemie Neyts">Annemie Neyts</a> succeeded him as chairman, becoming the first female party chairman. In 1989, Verhofstadt once more became the chairman of the PVV, after his party had been condemned to the opposition by the <a href="/wiki/Christen-Democratisch_en_Vlaams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams">Christian People's Party</a> (CVP) in 1987. </p><p>In 1992, the PVV was reformed into the Flemish Liberals and Democrats (<i>Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten</i>, VLD) under the impulse of Verhofstadt. Although the VLD was the successor of the PVV, many politicians with democratic nationalist or socialist roots joined the new party. Notable examples are <a href="/wiki/Jaak_Gabri%C3%ABls" title="Jaak Gabriëls">Jaak Gabriëls</a>, then-president of the Flemish <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Union_(Belgium)" title="People's Union (Belgium)">People's Union</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Coveliers" title="Hugo Coveliers">Hugo Coveliers</a>. From the early 1990s, the VLD advanced in every election, only to get in government following the <a href="/wiki/1999_Belgian_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 Belgian general election">1999 general election</a> when the VLD became the largest party. Guy Verhofstadt became <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Prime Minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Dewael" title="Patrick Dewael">Patrick Dewael</a> became <a href="/wiki/List_of_Minister-Presidents_of_Flanders" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Minister-Presidents of Flanders">Minister-President of Flanders</a>. They were both at the head of a coalition of liberals, social democrats and <a href="/wiki/Green_politics" title="Green politics">greens</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007_elections">2007 elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2007 elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the <a href="/wiki/2007_Belgian_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Belgian general election">2007 general election</a>, the VLD participated in a cartel with <a href="/wiki/Vivant" title="Vivant">Vivant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Appeal" title="Liberal Appeal">Liberal Appeal</a>. In February 2007, it decided to cease the cartel and start operating under the name <b>Open VLD</b>. On the 10 June 2007 <a href="/wiki/2007_Belgian_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Belgian general election">general elections</a>, Open VLD won 18 out of 150 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Chamber_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Chamber of Representatives">Chamber of Representatives</a> and five out of 40 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Senate">Senate</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_elections">2010 elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2010 elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/2010_Belgian_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Belgian general election">2010 general election</a>, Open VLD won 13 out of 150 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Chamber_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Chamber of Representatives">Chamber of Representatives</a>. After the long <a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932011_Belgian_government_formation" title="2010–2011 Belgian government formation">government formation process</a>, on 6 December 2011 the <a href="/wiki/Di_Rupo_Government" title="Di Rupo Government">Di Rupo Government</a> was formed, with Open VLD one of the six constituent parties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideology_and_support">Ideology and support</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ideology and support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:22.0em; border:4px double #fff800; background:var( --background-color-base, #FFFFFF ); color: var( --color-base, inherit );"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Liberalism" title="Category:Liberalism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-top:0.6em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Political_colour#Yellow" title="Political colour"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/75px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/113px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/150px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_liberalism" title="History of liberalism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_liberal_theorists" title="List of liberal theorists">List of liberal theorists</a> (contributions to liberal theory)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Due_process" title="Due process">Due process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">Economic liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_globalization" title="Economic globalization">Economic globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_equality" title="Social equality">Equality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" title="Equality before the law">Legal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom" title="Freedom">Freedom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_freedom" title="Economic freedom">Economic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">Trade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harm_principle" title="Harm principle">Harm principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisible_hand" title="Invisible hand">Invisible hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_theory_of_property" title="Labor theory of property">Labor theory of property</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire" title="Laissez-faire">Laissez-faire</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty" title="Liberty">Liberty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negative_liberty" title="Negative liberty">Negative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_liberty" title="Positive liberty">Positive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">Market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_monopoly" title="Natural monopoly">Natural monopoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_society" title="Open society">Open society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permissive_society" title="Permissive society">Permissive society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_sovereignty" title="Popular sovereignty">Popular sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">Property</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">Private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_property" title="Public property">Public</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rights" title="Rights">Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_and_political_rights" title="Civil and political rights">Civil and political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal_rights" title="Natural rights and legal rights">Natural and legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">To own property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms" title="Right to keep and bear arms">To bear arms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">Separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_contract" title="Social contract">Social contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_services" title="Social services">Social services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_history" title="Whig history">Whig history</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_liberal_theorists" title="List of liberal theorists">Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Spinoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot" title="Anne Robert Jacques Turgot">Turgot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Priestley" title="Joseph Priestley">Priestley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Beccaria" title="Cesare Beccaria">Beccaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet" title="Marquis de Condorcet">Condorcet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Bentham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamantios_Korais" title="Adamantios Korais">Korais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympe_De_Gouges" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympe De Gouges">De Gouges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wollstonecraft" title="Mary Wollstonecraft">Wollstonecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Say" title="Jean-Baptiste Say">Say</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Humboldt" title="Wilhelm von Humboldt">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ricardo" title="David Ricardo">Ricardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Guizot" title="François Guizot">Guizot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_List" title="Friedrich List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bastiat" title="Frédéric Bastiat">Bastiat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Martineau" title="Harriet Martineau">Martineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Arnold" title="Matthew Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dalberg-Acton,_1st_Baron_Acton" title="John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Hobhouse" title="Leonard Hobhouse">Hobhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Croce" title="Benedetto Croce">Croce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Cassirer" title="Ernst Cassirer">Cassirer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Mises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">Keynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._G._Collingwood" title="R. G. Collingwood">Collingwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_%C4%8Capek" title="Karel Čapek">Čapek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Shih" title="Hu Shih">Hu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Hayek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Aron" title="Raymond Aron">Aron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rawls" title="John Rawls">Rawls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Nozick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Kymlicka" title="Will Kymlicka">Kymlicka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raif_Badawi" title="Raif Badawi">Badawi</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ko%C5%82%C5%82%C4%85taj" title="Hugo Kołłątaj">Kołłątaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gervasio_Artigas" title="José Gervasio Artigas">Artigas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Bolívar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_de_Broglie_(1785%E2%80%931870)" title="Victor de Broglie (1785–1870)">Broglie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Lamartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Babington_Macaulay" title="Thomas Babington Macaulay">Macaulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Kossuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_De%C3%A1k_(politician)" title="Ferenc Deák (politician)">Deák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cobden" title="Richard Cobden">Cobden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Ju%C3%A1rez" title="Benito Juárez">Juárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Benso,_Count_of_Cavour" title="Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour">Cavour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_Faustino_Sarmiento" title="Domingo Faustino Sarmiento">Sarmiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Mommsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadabhai_Naoroji" title="Dadabhai Naoroji">Naoroji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itagaki_Taisuke" title="Itagaki Taisuke">Itagaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasil_Levski" title="Vasil Levski">Levski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nam%C4%B1k_Kemal" title="Namık Kemal">Kemal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Deakin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Milyukov" title="Pavel Milyukov">Milyukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">Lloyd George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Venizelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaarlo_Juho_St%C3%A5hlberg" title="Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg">Ståhlberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gokhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Rathenau" title="Walther Rathenau">Rathenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_I._Madero" title="Francisco I. Madero">Madero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Einaudi" title="Luigi Einaudi">Einaudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin" title="Bertil Ohlin">Ohlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leszek_Balcerowicz" title="Leszek Balcerowicz">Balcerowicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Verhofstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Liberal_Network" title="Africa Liberal Network">Africa Liberal Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Liberal_Federation" title="Arab Liberal Federation">Arab Liberal Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Asian_Liberals_and_Democrats" title="Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats">Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">European Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Liberal_Youth" title="European Liberal Youth">European Liberal Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_Libertarian_Parties" title="International Alliance of Libertarian Parties">International Alliance of Libertarian Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Liberal_Youth" title="International Federation of Liberal Youth">International Federation of Liberal Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Network_for_Latin_America" title="Liberal Network for Latin America">Liberal Network for Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liberal_parties" title="Category:Liberal parties">Liberal parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_South_East_European_Network" title="Liberal South East European Network">Liberal South East European Network</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_parties_by_country" title="Liberal parties by country">Regional variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Europe" title="Liberalism in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_conservatism_in_Latin_America" title="Liberalism and conservatism in Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Albania" title="Liberalism in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Armenia" title="Liberalism in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Australia" title="Liberalism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Austria" title="Liberalism in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Belgium" title="Liberalism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Bolivia" title="Liberalism in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Brazil" title="Liberalism in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Bulgaria" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Canada" title="Liberalism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Chile" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_China" title="Liberalism in China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Liberalism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Colombia" title="Liberalism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Liberalism in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Croatia" title="Liberalism in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Cuba" title="Liberalism in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Cyprus" title="Liberalism in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Czechia" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalism in Czechia">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Denmark" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Ecuador" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Egypt" title="Liberalism in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Estonia" title="Liberalism and centrism in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Finland" title="Liberalism and centrism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_France" title="Liberalism and radicalism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Georgia" title="Liberalism in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Germany" title="Liberalism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Greece" title="Liberalism in Greece">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Venizelism" title="Venizelism">Venizelism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Honduras" title="Liberalism in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Hungary" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_India" title="Liberalism in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Iran" title="Liberalism in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Israel" title="Liberalism in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Italy" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberism" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberism">Liberism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Japan" title="Liberalism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Latvia" title="Liberalism in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Lithuania" title="Liberalism in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Luxembourg" title="Liberalism in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Mexico" title="Liberalism in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Moldova" title="Liberalism in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Montenegro" title="Liberalism in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Liberalism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_liberalism_in_New_Zealand" title="Historic liberalism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Nicaragua" title="Liberalism in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Nigeria" title="Liberalism in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Liberalism in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Norway" title="Liberalism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Panama" title="Liberalism in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Paraguay" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Peru" title="Liberalism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_Philippines" title="Liberalism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Poland" title="Liberalism in Poland">Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_School_of_Economics" title="Kraków School of Economics">Cracovian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Portugal" title="Liberalism in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Romania" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Russia" title="Liberalism in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Senegal" title="Liberalism in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Serbia" title="Liberalism in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Slovakia" title="Liberalism in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Slovenia" title="Liberalism in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_South_Africa" title="Liberalism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_South_Korea" title="Liberalism in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Spain" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Sweden" title="Liberalism and centrism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_Taiwan" title="Progressivism in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalism in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Tunisia" title="Liberalism in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Turkey" title="Liberalism in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Ukraine" title="Liberalism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Liberalism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobdenism" title="Cobdenism">Cobdenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstonian_liberalism" title="Gladstonian liberalism">Gladstonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Liberalism" title="Manchester Liberalism">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiggism" title="Whiggism">Whiggism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_liberalism" title="Neoclassical liberalism">Arizona School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Libertarianism in the United States">Classical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_democracy" title="Jeffersonian democracy">Jeffersonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">Modern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Uruguay" title="Liberalism in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party (Venezuela)">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Zimbabwe" title="Liberalism in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_views_of_American_academics" title="Political views of American academics">Bias in American academia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Bias in the media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_capitalism" title="Democratic capitalism">Democratic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">Centrism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radical_centrism" title="Radical centrism">Radical centrism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_freedom" title="Economic freedom">Economic freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">Egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">Empiricism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_Anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Individualist Anarchism">Anarchist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_value_tax" title="Land value tax">Land value tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism" title="Right-libertarianism">Right</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party" title="Pirate Party">Pirate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sexually liberal feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilitarianism" title="Utilitarianism">Utilitarianism</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #fff800; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_liberalism" title="Conservative liberalism">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_liberalism" title="Cultural liberalism">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_feminism" title="Liberal feminism">Feminist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equity_feminism" title="Equity feminism">Equity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_liberalism" title="Green liberalism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_internationalism" title="Liberal internationalism">Internationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscular_liberalism" title="Muscular liberalism">Muscular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_liberalism" title="National liberalism">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_liberalism" title="Neoclassical 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href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #C5C12B; border-bottom:1px solid #C5C12B; font-weight:bold"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/15px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/22px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/30px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Liberalism" title="Portal:Liberalism">Liberalism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span 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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liberalism_sidebar" title="Template:Liberalism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liberalism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Liberalism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liberalism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liberalism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>At its inception, the Open VLD was a <a href="/wiki/Classical_liberal" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical liberal">classical liberal</a> and somewhat <a href="/wiki/Right-libertarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-libertarian">right-libertarian</a> party with support for free-markets and deregulation. Former party leader Guy Verhofstadt was compared to <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> in his beliefs during his time as party chairman. In the 1990s, the party switched from a libertarian to a more <a href="/wiki/Socially_liberal" class="mw-redirect" title="Socially liberal">socially liberal</a> position under <a href="/wiki/Bart_Somers" title="Bart Somers">Bart Somers</a>. Some of the party's ideological influences have been <a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Karl Popper</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">John Stuart Mill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Thomas Paine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Martha Nussbaum</a>. The party also contained members from both social democratic and Flemish nationalist liberal-conservative backgrounds who have influenced the VLD's course, such as former <a href="/wiki/Volksunie" class="mw-redirect" title="Volksunie">Volksunie</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Jaak_Gabri%C3%ABls" title="Jaak Gabriëls">Jaak Gabriëls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Coveliers" title="Hugo Coveliers">Hugo Coveliers</a> falling into the latter camp. Others had ties to the conservative-libertarian organization <a href="/wiki/Nova_Civitas" title="Nova Civitas">Nova Civitas</a>, and were open to working with the <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Blok" title="Vlaams Blok">Vlaams Blok</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Vlaams Belang</a> party, although this was strongly opposed by the party leadership as a whole. Presently, the Open VLD retains an economically liberal position by supporting lower taxes and private property ownership while also closing tax loopholes. It supports a Canadian model of migration and for a more inclusive society towards immigrants, but claims not to endorse open borders and wants quicker deportation of illegal immigrants. It also retains a socially liberal stance on matters such as same-sex marriage, LGBT rights and introducing a <a href="/wiki/Third_gender" title="Third gender">third gender</a> option on official documents, but also believes the government shouldn't interfere with matters related to sexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For a period, the party was considered the main centre-right rival to the Christian Democratic <a href="/wiki/CD%26V" class="mw-redirect" title="CD&V">CD&V</a> in the Flemish region and saw its highest period of support in the late 1990s and early 2000s. However, the emergence of the Flemish nationalist <a href="/wiki/N-VA" class="mw-redirect" title="N-VA">N-VA</a> party and the <a href="/wiki/Libertarian,_Direct,_Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian, Direct, Democratic">LDD</a> drew some of the party's conservative leaning voters away and contributed to a decline in votes. Ideological disputes also caused some of the party's more conservative and traditionalist libertarian wing such as <a href="/wiki/Boudewijn_Bouckaert" title="Boudewijn Bouckaert">Boudewijn Bouckaert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Dedecker" title="Jean-Marie Dedecker">Jean-Marie Dedecker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Coveliers" title="Hugo Coveliers">Hugo Coveliers</a> to leave the party. Dedecker later founded the LDD and Coveliers <a href="/wiki/VLOTT" title="VLOTT">VLOTT</a> while others joined the N-VA.<sup id="cite_ref-BanchoffSmith1999_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BanchoffSmith1999-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Open VLD (along with MR) blocked Belgium from <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="International recognition of the State of Palestine">recognizing</a> the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representation_in_EU_institutions">Representation in EU institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Representation in EU institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party is fairly <a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">pro-European</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Almeida107_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Almeida107-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sits in the <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> group with two MEPs.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Then-Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt (VLD) was rejected as a candidate for the presidency of the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> in June 2004. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="European Committee of the Regions">European Committee of the Regions</a>, Open VLD sits in the <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe_in_the_European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="Renew Europe in the European Committee of the Regions">Renew Europe CoR group</a>, with two alternate members for the 2020-2025 mandate.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jean-Luc Vanraes is Coordinator in the CIVEX Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members_holding_notable_public_offices">Members holding notable public offices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Members holding notable public offices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_politics">European politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: European politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #003399;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament"><span style="color:white;">European Parliament</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;"><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Committees of the European Parliament">Committees</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> </td> <td>Constitutional Affairs <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hilde_Vautmans" title="Hilde Vautmans">Hilde Vautmans</a> </td> <td>Foreign Affairs<br />Women's Rights and Gender Equality <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_politics">Federal politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Federal politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="float:left; width:48%;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:green;" colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Chamber_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Chamber of Representatives"><span style="color:black;">Chamber of Representatives</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maggie_De_Block" title="Maggie De Block">Maggie De Block</a> </td> <td>Faction leader </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Goedele_Liekens" title="Goedele Liekens">Goedele Liekens</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> Tim Vandenput </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Hoeilaart" title="Hoeilaart">Hoeilaart</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)"><img alt="Limburg (Belgium)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2681" data-file-height="1787" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Dewael" title="Patrick Dewael">Patrick Dewael</a> </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Tongeren" title="Tongeren">Tongeren</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province"><img alt="Antwerp Province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Leysen" title="Christian Leysen">Christian Leysen</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province"><img alt="Antwerp Province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> Marianne Verhaert </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egbert_Lachaert" title="Egbert Lachaert">Egbert Lachaert</a> </td> <td>Party President </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> Tania De Jonge </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Katja_Gabri%C3%ABls" title="Katja Gabriëls">Katja Gabriëls</a> </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Berlare" title="Berlare">Berlare</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Robby_De_Caluw%C3%A9" title="Robby De Caluwé">Robby De Caluwé</a> </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Moerbeke" title="Moerbeke">Moerbeke</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Flanders" title="West Flanders"><img alt="West Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></span> Jasper Pillen </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Flanders" title="West Flanders"><img alt="West Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></span> Kathleen Verhelst </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="float:right; width:48%;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:darkRed;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Senate"><span style="color:black;">Senate</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Type</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Co-opted Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rik_Daems" title="Rik Daems">Rik Daems</a> </td> <td>Faction leader </td></tr> <tr> <td>Community Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels"><img alt="Brussels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Els_Ampe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Els Ampe (page does not exist)">Els Ampe</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Els_Ampe" class="extiw" title="nl:Els Ampe">nl</a>]</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Community Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province"><img alt="Antwerp Province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Ongena" title="Tom Ongena">Tom Ongena</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Community Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)"><img alt="Limburg (Belgium)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2681" data-file-height="1787" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Coenegrachts" title="Steven Coenegrachts">Steven Coenegrachts</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Community Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_D%27Hose" title="Stephanie D'Hose">Stephanie D'Hose</a> </td> <td>President of the Senate </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Government_of_Belgium" title="Federal Government of Belgium">Belgian Federal</a> <a href="/wiki/De_Croo_Government" title="De Croo Government">De Croo Government</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Public Office </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Function </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">Alexander De Croo</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Prime Minister </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Van_Quickenborne" title="Vincent Van Quickenborne">Vincent Van Quickenborne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Belgium)" title="Minister of Justice (Belgium)">Justice</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Secretary of State </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva_de_Bleeker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva de Bleeker (page does not exist)">Eva de Bleeker</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_de_Bleeker" class="extiw" title="nl:Eva de Bleeker">nl</a>]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Budget_(Belgium)" title="Minister of Budget (Belgium)">Budget</a> and Consumer Protection </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_politics">Regional politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Regional politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:Yellow;" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Parliament" title="Flemish Parliament">Flemish Parliament</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province"><img alt="Antwerp Province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Willem-Frederik_Schiltz" title="Willem-Frederik Schiltz">Willem-Frederik Schiltz</a> </td> <td>Fraction Leader </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province"><img alt="Antwerp Province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Ongena" title="Tom Ongena">Tom Ongena</a> </td> <td>Community Senator </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Rutten" title="Gwendolyn Rutten">Gwendolyn Rutten</a> </td> <td>Former Party President<br />mayor of <a href="/wiki/Aarschot" title="Aarschot">Aarschot</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> Gwenny De Vroe </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/23px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/35px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png/45px-Flemish_Brabant_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurits_Vande_Reyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurits Vande Reyde (page does not exist)">Maurits Vande Reyde</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurits_Vande_Reyde" class="extiw" title="nl:Maurits Vande Reyde">nl</a>]</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels"><img alt="Brussels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Els Ampe </td> <td>Community Senator </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)"><img alt="Limburg (Belgium)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2681" data-file-height="1787" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Coenegrachts" title="Steven Coenegrachts">Steven Coenegrachts</a> </td> <td>Community Senator </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)"><img alt="Limburg (Belgium)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Limburg_%28Belgium%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2681" data-file-height="1787" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marino_Keulen" title="Marino Keulen">Marino Keulen</a> </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Lanaken" title="Lanaken">Lanaken</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_D%27Hose" title="Stephanie D'Hose">Stephanie D'Hose</a> </td> <td>President of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_(Belgium)" title="Senate (Belgium)">Senate</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_De_Gucht" title="Jean-Jacques De Gucht">Jean-Jacques De Gucht</a> </td> <td>Son of <a href="/wiki/Karel_De_Gucht" title="Karel De Gucht">Karel De Gucht</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> Freya Saeys </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oost-Vlaanderen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></span> Bart Van Hulle </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Flanders" title="West Flanders"><img alt="West Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bart_Tommelein" title="Bart Tommelein">Bart Tommelein</a> </td> <td>Former <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Government" title="Flemish Government">Flemish minister</a><br />mayor of <a href="/wiki/Ostend" title="Ostend">Ostend</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Flanders" title="West Flanders"><img alt="West Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Flanders.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></span> Emmily Talpe </td> <td>Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Ypres" title="Ypres">Ypres</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Government" title="Flemish Government">Flemish Government</a> <a href="/wiki/Jambon_Government" title="Jambon Government">Jambon</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Public Office </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Function </th></tr> <tr> <td>Vice <a href="/wiki/Minister-President_of_Flanders" title="Minister-President of Flanders">Minister-President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bart_Somers" title="Bart Somers">Bart Somers</a> </td> <td>Internal Affairs, Administrative Affairs, Integration, and Equal Opportunities </td></tr> <tr> <td>Minister </td> <td>Lydia Peeters </td> <td>Mobility and Public Works </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightBlue;" colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region" title="Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region">Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name</th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Carla Dejonghe </td> <td>Faction Leader </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guy_Vanhengel" title="Guy Vanhengel">Guy Vanhengel</a> </td> <td>Former federal minister </td></tr> <tr> <td>Khadija Zamouri </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Politics_and_Government_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics and Government of the Brussels-Capital Region">Brussels Regional Government</a> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Brussels-Capital_Region#Composition_2019–present" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Brussels-Capital Region">Vervoort II</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Public Office </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Name </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Function </th></tr> <tr> <td>Minister </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sven_Gatz" title="Sven Gatz">Sven Gatz</a> </td> <td>Finance, Budget, Civil Service, Promotion of Multilingualism, Tourism, Statistics, Urbanism, Heritage, the image of <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> and bicultural issues of regional importance </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provincial_politics">Provincial politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Provincial politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">Provincial</a> Council </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Province </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Percentage </th> <th style="background:LightGrey;">Seats </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BelgiumAntwerp.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Antwerp"><img alt="Antwerp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BelgiumAntwerp.png/40px-BelgiumAntwerp.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BelgiumAntwerp.png/60px-BelgiumAntwerp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BelgiumAntwerp.png/80px-BelgiumAntwerp.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antwerp_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antwerp (province)">Antwerp</a> </td> <td>4.7% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BelgiumLimburg.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Limburg"><img alt="Limburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BelgiumLimburg.png/40px-BelgiumLimburg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BelgiumLimburg.png/60px-BelgiumLimburg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BelgiumLimburg.png/80px-BelgiumLimburg.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)">Limburg</a> </td> <td>12.7% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 31</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BelgiumEastFlanders.png" class="mw-file-description" title="East Flanders"><img alt="East Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/BelgiumEastFlanders.png/40px-BelgiumEastFlanders.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/BelgiumEastFlanders.png/60px-BelgiumEastFlanders.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/BelgiumEastFlanders.png/80px-BelgiumEastFlanders.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/East_Flanders" title="East Flanders">East Flanders</a> </td> <td>11.3% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 11%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flemish Brabant"><img alt="Flemish Brabant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png/40px-BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png/60px-BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png/80px-BelgiumFlemishBrabant.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a> </td> <td>10.7% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 11%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BelgiumWestFlanders.png" class="mw-file-description" title="West Flanders"><img alt="West Flanders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BelgiumWestFlanders.png/40px-BelgiumWestFlanders.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BelgiumWestFlanders.png/60px-BelgiumWestFlanders.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/BelgiumWestFlanders.png/80px-BelgiumWestFlanders.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/West_Flanders" title="West Flanders">West Flanders</a> </td> <td>8% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chamber_of_Representatives">Chamber of Representatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chamber of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kamer-1978-2014.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kamer-1978-2014.png/300px-Kamer-1978-2014.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kamer-1978-2014.png/450px-Kamer-1978-2014.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kamer-1978-2014.png/600px-Kamer-1978-2014.png 2x" data-file-width="1133" data-file-height="687" /></a><figcaption>The main six Flemish political parties and their results for the Chamber of Representatives. From 1978 to 2014, in percentages for the complete 'Kingdom'.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>+/- </th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1971_Belgian_general_election" title="1971 Belgian general election">1971</a> </th> <td rowspan="2">392,130 </td> <td rowspan="2">7.4 </td> <td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">19 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971-1973)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973-1974)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1974_Belgian_general_election" title="1974 Belgian general election">1974</a><sup id="cite_ref-PRL_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRL-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>798,818 </td> <td>15.2 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1977_Belgian_general_election" title="1977 Belgian general election">1977</a> </th> <td>475,917 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/1978_Belgian_general_election" title="1978 Belgian general election">1978</a> </th> <td rowspan="3">573,387 </td> <td rowspan="3">10.4 </td> <td rowspan="3"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">22 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978-1980)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition <span style="font-size:85%;">(1980)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition <span style="font-size:85%;">(1980-1981)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1981_Belgian_general_election" title="1981 Belgian general election">1981</a> </th> <td>776,871 </td> <td>12.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">28 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1985_Belgian_general_election" title="1985 Belgian general election">1985</a> </th> <td>651,806 </td> <td>10.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">22 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1987_Belgian_general_election" title="1987 Belgian general election">1987</a> </th> <td>709,758 </td> <td>11.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1991_Belgian_general_election" title="1991 Belgian general election">1991</a> </th> <td>738,016 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">26 / 212</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Belgian_federal_election" title="1995 Belgian federal election">1995</a> </th> <td>798,363 </td> <td>13.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 14%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Belgian_federal_election" title="1999 Belgian federal election">1999</a> </th> <td>888,973 </td> <td>14.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_Belgian_federal_election" title="2003 Belgian federal election">2003</a> </th> <td>1,009,223 </td> <td>15.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Belgian_federal_election" title="2007 Belgian federal election">2007</a> </th> <td>789,445 </td> <td>11.8 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">18 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2010_Belgian_federal_election" title="2010 Belgian federal election">2010</a> </th> <td>563,873 </td> <td>8.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_Belgian_federal_election" title="2014 Belgian federal election">2014</a> </th> <td>659,582 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Belgian_federal_election" title="2019 Belgian federal election">2019</a> </th> <td>579,334 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_federal_election" title="2024 Belgian federal election">2024</a> </th> <td>380,659 </td> <td>5.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senate">Senate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>+/- </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1971_Belgian_general_election" title="1971 Belgian general election">1971</a><sup id="cite_ref-PRL_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRL-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>776,514 </td> <td>14.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1974_Belgian_general_election" title="1974 Belgian general election">1974</a><sup id="cite_ref-PRL_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRL-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>755,694 </td> <td>14.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1977_Belgian_general_election" title="1977 Belgian general election">1977</a> </th> <td>472,645 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1978_Belgian_general_election" title="1978 Belgian general election">1978</a> </th> <td>572,535 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1981_Belgian_general_election" title="1981 Belgian general election">1981</a> </th> <td>781,137 </td> <td>13.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1985_Belgian_general_election" title="1985 Belgian general election">1985</a> </th> <td>637,776 </td> <td>10.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1987_Belgian_general_election" title="1987 Belgian general election">1987</a> </th> <td>686,440 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1991_Belgian_general_election" title="1991 Belgian general election">1991</a> </th> <td>713,542 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13 / 106</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Belgian_federal_election" title="1995 Belgian federal election">1995</a> </th> <td>796,154 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 40</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Belgian_federal_election" title="1999 Belgian federal election">1999</a> </th> <td>952,116 </td> <td>15.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 40</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_Belgian_federal_election" title="2003 Belgian federal election">2003</a> </th> <td>1,007,868 </td> <td>15.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 40</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Belgian_federal_election" title="2007 Belgian federal election">2007</a> </th> <td>821,980 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 40</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2010_Belgian_federal_election" title="2010 Belgian federal election">2010</a> </th> <td>533,124 </td> <td>8.24 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 40</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014 </th> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 60</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional">Regional</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Regional"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brussels_Parliament">Brussels Parliament</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Brussels Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Election </th> <th rowspan="2">Votes </th> <th colspan="2">% </th> <th rowspan="2">Seats </th> <th rowspan="2">+/- </th> <th rowspan="2">Government </th></tr> <tr> <th><abbr title="Dutch electoral college">D.E.C.</abbr> </th> <th>Overall </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1989_Belgian_regional_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Belgian regional elections">1989</a> </th> <td>12,143 </td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey"> </td> <td>2.8 (#8) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="1995 Belgian regional elections">1995</a> </th> <td>11,034 </td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey"> </td> <td>2.7 (#8) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="1999 Belgian regional elections">1999</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>13,729 </td> <td>22.7 (#3) </td> <td>3.2 (#7) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="2004 Belgian regional elections">2004</a><sup id="cite_ref-VI_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VI-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>12,433 </td> <td>19.9 (#2) </td> <td>2.7 (#7) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 89</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="2009 Belgian regional elections">2009</a> </th> <td>11,957 </td> <td>23.1 (#1) </td> <td>2.6 (#5) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 89</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="2014 Belgian regional elections">2014</a> </th> <td>14,296 </td> <td>26.7 (#1) </td> <td>3.1 (#7) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 89</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="2019 Belgian regional elections">2019</a> </th> <td>11,051 </td> <td>15.8 (#3) </td> <td>2.4 (#9) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 89</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_regional_elections#Brussels_Parliament" title="2024 Belgian regional elections">2024</a> </th> <td>8,537 </td> <td>10.6 (#4) </td> <td>1.7 (#10) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 89</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flemish_Parliament">Flemish Parliament</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Flemish Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>+/- </th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="1995 Belgian regional elections">1995</a> </th> <td>761,262 </td> <td>20.2 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">26 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="1999 Belgian regional elections">1999</a> </th> <td>855,867 </td> <td>21.7 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">27 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 22%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="2004 Belgian regional elections">2004</a><sup id="cite_ref-VI_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VI-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>804,578 </td> <td>19.8 (#3) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 20%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="2009 Belgian regional elections">2009</a> </th> <td>616,610 </td> <td>15.0 (#4) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="2014 Belgian regional elections">2014</a> </th> <td>594,469 </td> <td>14.2 (#3) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">19 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="2019 Belgian regional elections">2019</a> </th> <td>556,630 </td> <td>13.1 (#4) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_regional_elections#Flemish_Parliament" title="2024 Belgian regional elections">2024</a> </th> <td>364,609 </td> <td>8.3 (#5) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 124</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provincial_councils">Provincial councils</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Provincial councils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Councilors </th> <th>+/- </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1994_Belgian_local_elections" title="1994 Belgian local elections">1994</a> </th> <td>708,769 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">84 / 401</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Belgian_local_elections#Provinces" title="2000 Belgian local elections">2000</a> </th> <td>909,428 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">106 / 411</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 26%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 22 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2006_Belgian_local_elections#Provinces" title="2006 Belgian local elections">2006</a> </th> <td>745,952 </td> <td>18.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">80 / 411</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 19%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 26 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Belgian_local_elections#Provincial_elections" title="2012 Belgian local elections">2012</a> </th> <td>595,932 </td> <td>14.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">54 / 351</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 26 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018_Belgian_local_elections#Provincial_elections" title="2018 Belgian local elections">2018</a> </th> <td>570,601 </td> <td>13.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 175</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 31 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Parliament">European Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: European Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Election </th> <th rowspan="2">List leader </th> <th rowspan="2">Votes </th> <th colspan="2">% </th> <th rowspan="2">Seats </th> <th rowspan="2">+/- </th> <th rowspan="2">EP Group </th></tr> <tr> <th><abbr title="Dutch electoral college">D.E.C.</abbr> </th> <th>Overall </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1994 European Parliament election in Belgium">1994</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Willy_De_Clercq" title="Willy De Clercq">Willy De Clercq</a> </td> <td>678,421 </td> <td>18.36 (#2) </td> <td>11.37 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 25</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>New </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Liberal_Democrat_and_Reform_Party_Group" title="European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party Group">ELDR</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1999 European Parliament election in Belgium">1999</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Annemie_Neyts-Uyttebroeck" title="Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck">Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck</a> </td> <td>847,099 </td> <td>21.88 (#2) </td> <td>13.61 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 25</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2004 European Parliament election in Belgium">2004</a><sup id="cite_ref-VI_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VI-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> </td> <td>880,279 </td> <td>21.91 (#2) </td> <td>13.56 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 13%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe">ALDE</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2009 European Parliament election in Belgium">2009</a> </th> <td>837,834 </td> <td>20.56 (#2) </td> <td>12.75 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 22</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 14%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2014 European Parliament election in Belgium">2014</a> </th> <td>858,872 </td> <td>20.40 (#2) </td> <td>12.84 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 21</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 14%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2019 European Parliament election in Belgium">2019</a> </th> <td>678,051 </td> <td>15.95 (#3) </td> <td>10.07 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 21</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">RE</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2024 European Parliament election in Belgium">2024</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Hilde_Vautmans" title="Hilde Vautmans">Hilde Vautmans</a> </td> <td>410,743 </td> <td>9.11 (#4) </td> <td>5.76 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 22</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; color:inherit; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PRL-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PRL_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PRL_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PRL_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In coalition with <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Reformist_Party_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Reformist Party (Belgium)">Liberal Reformist Party</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In coalition with <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Union_(Belgium)" title="People's Union (Belgium)">VU</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VI-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VI_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VI_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VI_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In coalition with <a href="/wiki/Vivant" title="Vivant">Vivant</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International">International</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a>, which was co-chaired by <a href="/wiki/Annemie_Neyts" class="mw-redirect" title="Annemie Neyts">Annemie Neyts</a>, member of Open VLD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidents">Presidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1992–1995 <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a></li> <li>1995–1997 <a href="/wiki/Herman_De_Croo" title="Herman De Croo">Herman De Croo</a></li> <li>1997–1999 <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a></li> <li>1999–2004 <a href="/wiki/Karel_De_Gucht" title="Karel De Gucht">Karel De Gucht</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Sterckx" title="Dirk Sterckx">Dirk Sterckx</a></li> <li>2004–2009 <a href="/wiki/Bart_Somers" title="Bart Somers">Bart Somers</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a></li> <li>2009–2012 <a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">Alexander De Croo</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Van_Quickenborne" title="Vincent Van Quickenborne">Vincent Van Quickenborne</a></li> <li>2012–2020 <a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Rutten" title="Gwendolyn Rutten">Gwendolyn Rutten</a></li> <li>2020–2023 <a href="/wiki/Egbert_Lachaert" title="Egbert Lachaert">Egbert Lachaert</a></li> <li>2023–2024 <a href="/wiki/Tom_Ongena" title="Tom Ongena">Tom Ongena</a></li> <li>2024– <a href="/wiki/Eva_De_Bleeker" title="Eva De Bleeker">Eva De Bleeker</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_De_Block" title="Maggie De Block">Maggie De Block</a>, Minister of Social Affairs and Health</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fons_Borginon" title="Fons Borginon">Fons Borginon</a>, former VLD <a href="/wiki/Floor_leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Floor leader">floor leader</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Parliament">Belgian Chamber of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Ceysens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patricia Ceysens (page does not exist)">Patricia Ceysens</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Ceysens" class="extiw" title="nl:Patricia Ceysens">nl</a>]</span>, former Flemish Minister of the Economy and former VLD floor leader in the <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Parliament" title="Flemish Parliament">Flemish Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_De_Gucht" title="Karel De Gucht">Karel De Gucht</a>, former party leader and former Minister of Foreign Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Dewael" title="Patrick Dewael">Patrick Dewael</a>, former minister-president of Flanders and former Minister of Internal Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margriet_Hermans" title="Margriet Hermans">Margriet Hermans</a>, former member of the Flemish Parliament and senator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marino_Keulen" title="Marino Keulen">Marino Keulen</a>, former Flemish Minister of Integration</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goedele_Liekens" title="Goedele Liekens">Goedele Liekens</a>, sexologist and TV presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fientje_Moerman" title="Fientje Moerman">Fientje Moerman</a>, former vice-minister-president of Flanders</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annemie_Neyts" class="mw-redirect" title="Annemie Neyts">Annemie Neyts</a>, former party leader, former chairwoman of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a> and former party leader of the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">ELDR</a> Party.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Poma" title="Karel Poma">Karel Poma</a>, former minister and member of parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Somers" title="Bart Somers">Bart Somers</a>, former minister-president of Flanders and former party leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Tommelein" title="Bart Tommelein">Bart Tommelein</a>, Flemish Deputy Minister-President and Flemish Minister of Budget, Finance and Energy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jef_Valkeniers" title="Jef Valkeniers">Jef Valkeniers</a>, doctor and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Van_Mechelen" title="Dirk Van Mechelen">Dirk Van Mechelen</a>, former Flemish Minister of Finance and Budget and Town and Country Planning</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Van_Quickenborne" title="Vincent Van Quickenborne">Vincent Van Quickenborne</a>, former minister of economy, also responsible for the simplification of the administration</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Vanhengel" title="Guy Vanhengel">Guy Vanhengel</a>, Brussels Minister of Finance and Budget</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a>, former party leader and former prime minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Verwilghen" title="Marc Verwilghen">Marc Verwilghen</a>, former minister of the Economy, Trade, Science and Energy</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_former_members">Notable former members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notable former members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boudewijn_Bouckaert" title="Boudewijn Bouckaert">Boudewijn Bouckaert</a>, a former VLD board member who left the party subsequently to Dedecker's exclusion, believing the party turned "left-liberal". He and Dedecker are founders of a new political party, List Dedecker, later renamed <a href="/wiki/Libertair,_Direct,_Democratisch" title="Libertair, Direct, Democratisch">Libertarian, Direct, Democratic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Coveliers" title="Hugo Coveliers">Hugo Coveliers</a>, left the VLD to found his own political party <a href="/wiki/VLOTT" title="VLOTT">VLOTT</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Dedecker" title="Jean-Marie Dedecker">Jean-Marie Dedecker</a>, was excluded from the VLD after several conflicts with the top of the party. He asked for an economic policy more in favour of free markets and limited government and believed that the party was too closely aligned with the Socialists. He founded the List Dedecker party, later <a href="/wiki/Libertair,_Direct,_Democratisch" title="Libertair, Direct, Democratisch">Libertarian, Direct, Democratic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leo_Govaerts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leo Govaerts (page does not exist)">Leo Govaerts</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Govaerts" class="extiw" title="nl:Leo Govaerts">nl</a>]</span>, left the VLD to found his own political party Veilig Blauw (<i>Safe Blue</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_Beysen" title="Ward Beysen">Ward Beysen</a>, left the VLD to found his own political party <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Appeal" title="Liberal Appeal">Liberal Appeal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihame_El_Kaouakibi" title="Sihame El Kaouakibi">Sihame El Kaouakibi</a>, left the VLD after claims of embezzlement.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contributions_to_liberal_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Contributions to liberal theory">Contributions to liberal theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberaal_Vlaams_Verbond" title="Liberaal Vlaams Verbond">Liberaal Vlaams Verbond</a> (LVV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVSV" title="LVSV">Liberal Flemish Students' Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Archive_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Archive (Belgium)">Liberal Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">Liberal democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberales" title="Liberales">Liberales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Belgium" title="Liberalism in Belgium">Liberalism in Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_worldwide" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalism worldwide">Liberalism worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_liberal_parties" class="mw-redirect" title="List of liberal parties">List of liberal parties</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://deredactie.be/permalink/1.2133806">"Open VLD heeft de meeste leden en steekt CD&V voorbij"</a>. deredactie.be. 30 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Open+VLD+heeft+de+meeste+leden+en+steekt+CD%26V+voorbij&rft.date=2014-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fderedactie.be%2Fpermalink%2F1.2133806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGijsMoens2020" class="citation web cs1">Gijs, Camille; Moens, Barbara (30 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/flemish-liberal-alexander-de-croo-to-be-appointed-belgiums-prime-minister/">"Flemish liberal Alexander De Croo to be appointed Belgium's prime minister"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Flemish+liberal+Alexander+De+Croo+to+be+appointed+Belgium%27s+prime+minister&rft.date=2020-09-30&rft.aulast=Gijs&rft.aufirst=Camille&rft.au=Moens%2C+Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fflemish-liberal-alexander-de-croo-to-be-appointed-belgiums-prime-minister%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBock2020" class="citation web cs1">Bock, Pauline (7 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/2020/10/07/belgium-s-new-government-why-did-the-vivaldi-coalition-take-so-long-to-form">"Why did it take so long to form Belgium's new 'Vivaldi' coalition?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">Euronews</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=Why+did+it+take+so+long+to+form+Belgium%27s+new+%27Vivaldi%27+coalition%3F&rft.date=2020-10-07&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2F2020%2F10%2F07%2Fbelgium-s-new-government-why-did-the-vivaldi-coalition-take-so-long-to-form&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbiroglio2020" class="citation web cs1">Barbiroglio, Emanuela (8 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/emanuelabarbiroglio/2020/05/08/the-next-challenge-in-covid-19-second-phase-for-belgium-masks/">"Masks Will Be Next Challenge For Belgium In COVID-19 Second Phase"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Masks+Will+Be+Next+Challenge+For+Belgium+In+COVID-19+Second+Phase&rft.date=2020-05-08&rft.aulast=Barbiroglio&rft.aufirst=Emanuela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Femanuelabarbiroglio%2F2020%2F05%2F08%2Fthe-next-challenge-in-covid-19-second-phase-for-belgium-masks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerry2014" class="citation web cs1">Terry, Chris (6 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demsoc.org/2014/02/06/flemish-liberals-and-democrats/">"Flemish Liberals and Democrats"</a>. The Democratic Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats&rft.pub=The+Democratic+Society&rft.date=2014-02-06&rft.aulast=Terry&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.demsoc.org%2F2014%2F02%2F06%2Fflemish-liberals-and-democrats%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNordsieck2019" class="citation web cs1">Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/flanders.html">"Flanders/Belgium"</a>. <i>Parties and Elections in Europe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parties+and+Elections+in+Europe&rft.atitle=Flanders%2FBelgium&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Nordsieck&rft.aufirst=Wolfram&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parties-and-elections.eu%2Fflanders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slomp2011-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Slomp2011_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slomp2011_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHans_Slomp2011" class="citation book cs1">Hans Slomp (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LmfAPmwE6YYC&pg=PA465"><i>Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 465. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39182-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39182-8"><bdi>978-0-313-39182-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe%2C+A+Political+Profile%3A+An+American+Companion+to+European+Politics&rft.pages=465&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-313-39182-8&rft.au=Hans+Slomp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLmfAPmwE6YYC%26pg%3DPA465&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StarkeKaasch2013-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StarkeKaasch2013_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StarkeKaasch2013_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_StarkeAlexandra_KaaschFranca_Van_Hooren2013" class="citation book cs1">Peter Starke; Alexandra Kaasch; Franca Van Hooren (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BtMQsESYcWwC&pg=PA192"><i>The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-31484-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-31484-0"><bdi>978-1-137-31484-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Welfare+State+as+Crisis+Manager%3A+Explaining+the+Diversity+of+Policy+Responses+to+Economic+Crisis&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-137-31484-0&rft.au=Peter+Starke&rft.au=Alexandra+Kaasch&rft.au=Franca+Van+Hooren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBtMQsESYcWwC%26pg%3DPA192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Colomer2008-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Colomer2008_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosep_M._Colomer2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Josep_Colomer" title="Josep Colomer">Josep M. Colomer</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6S5JJkjpzf8C&pg=PA220"><i>Comparative European Politics</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-12362-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-12362-1"><bdi>978-0-203-12362-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+European+Politics&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-203-12362-1&rft.au=Josep+M.+Colomer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6S5JJkjpzf8C%26pg%3DPA220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spierings2019-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spierings2019_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiels_SpieringsMarcel_LubbersAndrej_Zaslove2019" class="citation book cs1">Niels Spierings; Marcel Lubbers; Andrej Zaslove (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nureDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT100">"Sexually modern nativist voters: do they exist, and do they vote for the populist radical right?"</a>. In Cynthia Miller-Idriss; Hilary Pilkington (eds.). <i>Gender and the Radical and Extreme Right: Mechanisms of Transmission and the Role of Educational Interventions</i>. Routledge. p. 100. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780429812699" title="Special:BookSources/9780429812699"><bdi>9780429812699</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sexually+modern+nativist+voters%3A+do+they+exist%2C+and+do+they+vote+for+the+populist+radical+right%3F&rft.btitle=Gender+and+the+Radical+and+Extreme+Right%3A+Mechanisms+of+Transmission+and+the+Role+of+Educational+Interventions&rft.pages=100&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780429812699&rft.au=Niels+Spierings&rft.au=Marcel+Lubbers&rft.au=Andrej+Zaslove&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnureDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beneluxparl.eu/nl/politieke-fracties/">"Politieke fracties"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Benelux_Parliament" title="Benelux Parliament">Benelux Parliament</a></i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Benelux+Parliament&rft.atitle=Politieke+fracties&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beneluxparl.eu%2Fnl%2Fpolitieke-fracties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BanchoffSmith1999-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BanchoffSmith1999_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BanchoffSmith1999_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_BanchoffMitchell_Smith1999" class="citation book cs1">Thomas Banchoff; Mitchell Smith (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GgvLEFPY8l4C&pg=PA123"><i>Legitimacy and the European Union: The Contested Polity</i></a>. 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Belga. 4 November 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Somers+wil+revolutie+binnen+de+VLD&rft.date=2006-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnieuws.skynet.be%2F%3Fl1%3Dactuality%26l2%3Dnews%26l3%3Dhomepage%26l4%3Ddetail%26id%3D149570%26new_lang%3Dnl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.openvld.be/standpunten/gelijke-kansen/">"Gelijke kansen"</a>. <i>www2.openvld.be</i> (in Dutch).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.openvld.be&rft.atitle=Gelijke+kansen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.openvld.be%2Fstandpunten%2Fgelijke-kansen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimes" class="citation web cs1">Times, The Brussels. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brusselstimes.com/1056898/belgium-fails-to-reach-agreement-on-recognising-palestinian-state">"Belgium fails to reach agreement on recognising Palestinian state"</a>. <i>www.brusselstimes.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.brusselstimes.com&rft.atitle=Belgium+fails+to+reach+agreement+on+recognising+Palestinian+state&rft.aulast=Times&rft.aufirst=The+Brussels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brusselstimes.com%2F1056898%2Fbelgium-fails-to-reach-agreement-on-recognising-palestinian-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Almeida107-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Almeida107_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlmeida2012" class="citation book cs1">Almeida, Dimitri (27 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oD7bKbo0FYEC&pg=PA107"><i>The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties: Beyond the Permissive Consensus</i></a>. Routledge. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136340390" title="Special:BookSources/9781136340390"><bdi>9781136340390</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Impact+of+European+Integration+on+Political+Parties%3A+Beyond+the+Permissive+Consensus&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012-04-27&rft.isbn=9781136340390&rft.aulast=Almeida&rft.aufirst=Dimitri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoD7bKbo0FYEC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/130100/HILDE_VAUTMANS/home">"Home | Hilde VAUTMANS | MEPs | European Parliament"</a>. <i>www.europarl.europa.eu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.europarl.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Home+%7C+Hilde+VAUTMANS+%7C+MEPs+%7C+European+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europarl.europa.eu%2Fmeps%2Fen%2F130100%2FHILDE_VAUTMANS%2Fhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/97058/GUY_VERHOFSTADT/home">"Home | Guy VERHOFSTADT | MEPs | European Parliament"</a>. <i>www.europarl.europa.eu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.europarl.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Home+%7C+Guy+VERHOFSTADT+%7C+MEPs+%7C+European+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europarl.europa.eu%2Fmeps%2Fen%2F97058%2FGUY_VERHOFSTADT%2Fhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memberspage.cor.europa.eu/#/?mandate=mem&language=en&country=BE&politicalgroup=2020112&v=1614870966304">"Members Page CoR"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members+Page+CoR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmemberspage.cor.europa.eu%2F%23%2F%3Fmandate%3Dmem%26language%3Den%26country%3DBE%26politicalgroup%3D2020112%26v%3D1614870966304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memberspage.cor.europa.eu/#/?mandate=alt&language=en&country=BE&politicalgroup=2020112&v=1614869974715">"Members Page CoR"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members+Page+CoR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmemberspage.cor.europa.eu%2F%23%2F%3Fmandate%3Dalt%26language%3Den%26country%3DBE%26politicalgroup%3D2020112%26v%3D1614869974715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen+Flemish+Liberals+and+Democrats" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reneweurope-cor.eu/coordinators/">"Coordinators"</a>. <i>Renew Europe CoR</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_International" title="Liberal International">Liberal International</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Andorra: <a href="/wiki/Liberals_of_Andorra" title="Liberals of Andorra">LA</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Reformist_Movement" title="Reformist Movement">MR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Liberals_and_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Flemish Liberals and Democrats">VLD</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">LDS</a>*</li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Botswana_Movement_for_Democracy" title="Botswana Movement for Democracy">BMD</a>*</li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Movement for Rights and Freedoms">DPS</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Movement_for_Stability_and_Progress" title="National Movement for Stability and Progress">NDSV</a></li> <li>Burkina Faso: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Democracy_and_Federation%E2%80%93African_Democratic_Rally" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance for Democracy and Federation–African Democratic Rally">ADF-RDA</a>*</li> <li>Burma: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_League_for_Democracy-Liberated_Areas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National League for Democracy-Liberated Areas (page does not exist)">NLD-LA</a>*</li> <li>Burundi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Alliance_for_Renewal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democratic Alliance for Renewal (page does not exist)">ADR</a></li> <li>Cambodia: <a href="/wiki/Sam_Rainsy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Rainsy Party">PSR</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a></li> <li>Colombia: <a href="/wiki/Social_Party_of_National_Unity" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Party of National Unity">U</a>*</li> <li>DR Congo: <a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_of_Democrats_for_Reconstruction" title="National Alliance of Democrats for Reconstruction">ANADER</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alliance_for_Congo%27s_Renewal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alliance for Congo's Renewal (page does not exist)">ARC</a>*, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_for_Congo%27s_Reconstruction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union for Congo's Reconstruction (page does not exist)">URC</a>*</li> <li>Costa Rica: <a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Libertario" class="mw-redirect" title="Movimiento Libertario">PML</a></li> <li>Côte d'Ivoire: <a href="/wiki/Rally_of_the_Republicans" title="Rally of the Republicans">RDR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Croatian Social Liberal Party">HSLS</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Cuba" title="Liberal Party of Cuba">PLC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Solidarity_Party" title="Democratic Solidarity Party">PSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Liberal_Union" title="Cuban Liberal Union">ULC</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Det_Radikale_Venstre" class="mw-redirect" title="Det Radikale Venstre">RV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venstre_(Denmark)" title="Venstre (Denmark)">Venstre</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Free_Egyptians_Party" title="Free Egyptians Party">FEP</a>, <a href="/wiki/El-Ghad_Party" title="El-Ghad Party">Ghad</a>*</li> <li>Equatorial Guinea: <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Union_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="National Democratic Union of Equatorial Guinea">UDENA</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Reform_Party" title="Estonian Reform Party">RE</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Democratic_Party" title="Ethiopian Democratic Party">EDP</a>*</li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Finland)" title="Centre Party (Finland)">Keskusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_People%27s_Party_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish People's Party (Finland)">SFP</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Georgia" title="Republican Party of Georgia">RPG</a>*</li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></li> <li>Gibraltar: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Gibraltar" title="Liberal Party of Gibraltar">Liberal Party</a></li> <li>Guatemala: <a href="/wiki/Reform_Movement_(Guatemala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Movement (Guatemala)">MR</a>*, <a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Party_(Guatemala)" title="Patriotic Party (Guatemala)">PP</a></li> <li>Guinea: <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Democratic_Forces_of_Guinea" title="Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea">UFDG</a>*, <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Republican_Forces" title="Union of Republican Forces">UFR</a>*</li> <li>Honduras: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Honduras" title="Liberal Party of Honduras">PLH</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Liberal_Party" title="Hungarian Liberal Party">MLP</a></li> <li>Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(Iceland)" title="Progressive Party (Iceland)">FSF</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Indonesia)" title="Democratic Party (Indonesia)">PD</a>*</li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a>*</li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Yesh_Atid" title="Yesh Atid">Yesh Atid</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Italian_Radicals" title="Italian Radicals">Rad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Liberals" title="Federation of Liberals">FdL</a>*</li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Kenya)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Kenya)">LDP</a>*</li> <li>Kosovo: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Liberal Party of Kosovo">PLK</a>*</li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/wiki/Latvia%27s_First_Party/Latvian_Way" title="Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way">LPP/LC</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/Future_Movement" title="Future Movement">Future Movement</a>*</li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_and_Centre_Union" title="Liberal and Centre Union">LCU</a></li> <li>Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Luxembourg)" title="Democratic Party (Luxembourg)">DP</a></li> <li>Madagascar: <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Progress_of_Madagascar" title="Movement for the Progress of Madagascar">MFM</a>*</li> <li>Malawi: <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(Malawi)" title="United Democratic Front (Malawi)">UDF</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Parti_Gerakan_Rakyat_Malaysia" title="Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia">Gerakan</a>*</li> <li>Mali: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citizens_Party_for_the_Renewal_(Mali)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citizens Party for the Renewal (Mali) (page does not exist)">PCR</a>*</li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">NA</a>*</li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Reformist_Party_(Moldova)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Reformist Party (Moldova)">PRL</a>*</li> <li>Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Will_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Will Party">IZN</a></li> <li>Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Alliance_of_Montenegro" title="Liberal Alliance of Montenegro">LSCG</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberties" title="Alliance of Liberties">AdL</a>*, <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_(Morocco)" title="Constitutional Union (Morocco)">UC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Popular_Movement_(Morocco)" title="Popular Movement (Morocco)">MP</a></li> <li>Mozambique: <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Peace,_Democracy,_and_Development" title="Party for Peace, Democracy, and Development">PPDD</a>*</li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a> , <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">VVD</a></li> <li>Nicaragua: <a href="/wiki/Independent_Liberal_Party_(Nicaragua)" title="Independent Liberal Party (Nicaragua)">PLI</a>*</li> <li>North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(North_Macedonia)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (North Macedonia)">LDP</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Norway)" title="Liberal Party (Norway)">Venstre</a></li> <li>Paraguay: <a href="/wiki/Authentic_Radical_Liberal_Party" title="Authentic Radical Liberal Party">PLRA</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">LP</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Yabloko" title="Yabloko">Yabloko</a></li> <li>Senegal: <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Democratic_Party" title="Senegalese Democratic Party">PDS</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Serbia)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Serbia)">LDP</a></li> <li>Seychelles: <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_National_Party" title="Seychelles National Party">SNP</a>*</li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_the_New_Citizen" title="Alliance of the New Citizen">ANO</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democracy_of_Slovenia" title="Liberal Democracy of Slovenia">LDS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Convergence_of_Catalonia" title="Democratic Convergence of Catalonia">CDC</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Sri Lanka">LP</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Sweden)" title="Centre Party (Sweden)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberals_(Sweden)" title="Liberals (Sweden)">L</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/The_Liberals_(Switzerland)" title="The Liberals (Switzerland)">FDP.The Liberals</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Civic_United_Front" title="Civic United Front">CCW/CUF</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Democrat_Party_(Thailand)" title="Democrat Party (Thailand)">DP</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_of_the_Future" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukraine of the Future">UM</a>*</li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">APNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Lib Dems</a></li> <li>Zambia: <a href="/wiki/United_Party_for_National_Development" title="United Party for National Development">UNDP</a>*</li></ul> <p>National groups: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brazilian_Group_of_Liberal_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brazilian Group of Liberal International (page does not exist)">Brazilian Group</a>*</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsche_Gruppe_der_LI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsche Gruppe der LI (page does not exist)">German Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Israeli_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israeli Group (page does not exist)">Israeli Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nederlandse_Groep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nederlandse Groep (page does not exist)">Netherlands Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llibertat_i_Democracia_Social&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Llibertat i Democracia Social (page does not exist)">Catalan Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberal_International_British_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberal International British Group (page does not exist)">British Group</a></li></ul> <p>* observer </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party676" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold; color:black;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Template:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Template talk:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party676" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:gold; color:black;"><div>European Parliament group: <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Renew Europe</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Member parties (<a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/NEOS_(Austria)" title="NEOS (Austria)">NEOS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/13px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/26px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten">Open Vld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouvement_R%C3%A9formateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouvement Réformateur">MR</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_People%27s_Party_%E2%80%93_Liberal_Democrats" title="Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats">HNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Croatian Social Liberal Party">HSLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_Democratic_Assembly" title="Istrian Democratic Assembly">IDS/DDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Liberal_Alliance" title="Civic Liberal Alliance">Glas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_(Croatian_political_party)" title="Centre (Croatian political party)">Centar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_(Croatian_political_party)" title="Focus (Croatian political party)">Fokus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Democrats" title="United Democrats">EDI/Ε.ΔΗ.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alignment_(Cyprus)" title="Democratic Alignment (Cyprus)">DiPa/ΔηΠα</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Danish_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Danish Social Liberal Party">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venstre_(Denmark)" title="Venstre (Denmark)">V</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Reform_Party" title="Estonian Reform Party">RE</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Finland)" title="Centre Party (Finland)">Kesk./C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_People%27s_Party_of_Finland" title="Swedish People's Party of Finland">RKP/SFP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Radical_Party_(France)" title="Radical Party (France)">PR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Democrats_and_Independents" title="Union of Democrats and Independents">UDI</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/15px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Liberal_Party" title="Hungarian Liberal Party">Liberálisok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momentum_Movement" title="Momentum Movement">Momentum</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Action_(Italian_political_party)" title="Action (Italian political party)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/More_Europe" title="More Europe">+E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Radicals" title="Italian Radicals">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Liberal_Democrats" title="European Liberal Democrats">LDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_K%C3%B6llensperger" class="mw-redirect" title="Team Köllensperger">TK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian Development">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_For!" title="Movement For!">Par!</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_(Lithuania)" title="Freedom Party (Lithuania)">LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberals%27_Movement_(Lithuania)" title="Liberals' Movement (Lithuania)">LS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/15px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Luxembourg)" title="Democratic Party (Luxembourg)">DP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">VVD</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Modern_(political_party)" title="Modern (political party)">Nowoczesna</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/15px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Initiative_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Initiative (Portugal)">IL</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Save_Romania_Union" title="Save Romania Union">USR</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Slovakia" title="Progressive Slovakia">PS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Citizens_(Spanish_political_party)" title="Citizens (Spanish political party)">C's</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/15px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Sweden)" title="Centre Party (Sweden)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberals_(Sweden)" title="Liberals (Sweden)">L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Member parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra"><img alt="Andorra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/15px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/23px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/30px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Action_for_Andorra" title="Action for Andorra">ACC!Ó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Andorra">PLA</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_National_Congress" title="Armenian National Congress">ANC/ՀԱԿ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Armenia" title="Bright Armenia">BA/ԼՀ</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Musavat" title="Musavat">Müsavat</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Liberal_Party_of_Freedom_and_Progress" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian Liberal Party of Freedom and Progress">PFP/ПСП</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Our_Party_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Our Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">NS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Georgia" title="Republican Party of Georgia">RP/რპ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Democrats_(Georgia)" title="Free Democrats (Georgia)">FD/თდ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy_Aghmashenebeli" title="Strategy Aghmashenebeli">SA/სა</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lelo_for_Georgia" title="Lelo for Georgia">Lelo/ლელო</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girchi_-_More_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Girchi - More Freedom">Girchi-MF/გირჩი-მთ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droa" title="Droa">Droa/დროა</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%B0reisn" title="Viðreisn">Viðreisn</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/15px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Kosovo_Alliance" title="New Kosovo Alliance">AKR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Democratic Party of Kosovo">PDK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/15px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/30px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Moldova">PL</a></li> <li>CUB</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/15px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/30px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Montenegro" title="Liberal Party of Montenegro">LPCG</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(North_Macedonia)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (North Macedonia)">LDP/ЛДП</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/15px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/23px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/30px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Norway)" title="Liberal Party (Norway)">V</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Russia_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Freedom_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party">RPR-PARNAS/РПР-ПАРНАС</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabloko" title="Yabloko">Yabloko/Я́блоко</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Movement_of_Free_Citizens_(Serbia)" title="Movement of Free Citizens (Serbia)">PSG</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/11px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/17px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/FDP.The_Liberals" class="mw-redirect" title="FDP.The Liberals">FDP/PLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Liberal_Party_of_Switzerland" title="Green Liberal Party of Switzerland">glp/pvl</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/15px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/European_Party_of_Ukraine" title="European Party of Ukraine">EPU/ЄПУ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Position" title="Civil Position">CP/ГП</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_of_the_People" title="Power of the People">SL/СЛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_the_People" title="Servant of the People">SN/СН</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_(Ukrainian_political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice (Ukrainian political party)">Holos/Голос</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Lib Dems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Gibraltar" title="Liberal Party of Gibraltar">Libs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Party Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Thorn" title="Gaston Thorn">Gaston Thorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_De_Clercq" title="Willy De Clercq">Willy De Clercq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colette_Flesch" title="Colette Flesch">Colette Flesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_De_Clercq" title="Willy De Clercq">Willy De Clercq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uffe_Ellemann-Jensen" title="Uffe Ellemann-Jensen">Uffe Ellemann-Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Hoyer" title="Werner Hoyer">Werner Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annemie_Neyts-Uyttebroeck" title="Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck">Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Watson" title="Graham Watson">Graham Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_van_Baalen" title="Hans van Baalen">Hans van Baalen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">European Parliament<br />Group Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yvon_Delbos" title="Yvon Delbos">Yvon Delbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven" title="René Pleven">René Pleven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Berkhouwer" title="Cornelis Berkhouwer">Cornelis Berkhouwer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Durieux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Durieux (page does not exist)">Jean Durieux</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Durieux" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean Durieux">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Pintat" title="Jean-François Pintat">Jean-François Pintat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bangemann" title="Martin Bangemann">Martin Bangemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Veil" title="Simone Veil">Simone Veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Valery Giscard d'Estaing">Valery Giscard d'Estaing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Galland" title="Yves Galland">Yves Galland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gijs_de_Vries" title="Gijs de Vries">Gijs de Vries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Cox" title="Pat Cox">Pat Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Watson" title="Graham Watson">Graham Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_Ciolo%C8%99" title="Dacian Cioloș">Dacian Cioloș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_S%C3%A9journ%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Séjourné">Stéphane Séjourné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9rie_Hayer" title="Valérie Hayer">Valérie Hayer</a></li> <li><b>see <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">European Commissioners<br />(2024–2029)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a> (Vice-President and High Representative)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McGrath_(Irish_politician)" title="Michael McGrath (Irish politician)">Michael McGrath</a> (Democracy, Justice, and the Rule of Law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadja_Lahbib" title="Hadja Lahbib">Hadja Lahbib</a> (Preparedness, Crisis Management, and Equality)</li> <li><b>see <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission_II" title="Von der Leyen Commission II">Von der Leyen Commission II</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Heads of government<br />at the European Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">Alexander De Croo</a> (Belgium)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristen_Michal" title="Kristen Michal">Kristen Michal</a> (Estonia)</li> <li><b>see <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; color:black;;width:1%">Affiliated organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Liberal_Youth" title="European Liberal Youth">European Liberal Youth</a> (LYMEC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Liberal_Forum" title="European Liberal Forum">European Liberal Forum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background:gold; color:black;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Category:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Liberal_South_East_European_Network305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_South_East_European_Network" title="Liberal South East European Network">Liberal South East European Network</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">LDS</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Movement for Rights and Freedoms">DPS</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Movement_for_Stability_and_Progress" title="National Movement for Stability and Progress">NSDV</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_People%27s_Party_%E2%80%93_Liberal_Democrats" title="Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats">HNS-LD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Croatian Social Liberal Party">HSLS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Democratic_Assembly" title="Istrian Democratic Assembly">IDS</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Free_Democrats" title="Alliance of Free Democrats">SzDSz</a></li> <li>Kosovo: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Liberal Party of Kosovo">PLK</a></li> <li>North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Macedonia" title="Liberal Party of Macedonia">LPM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(North_Macedonia)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (North Macedonia)">LDP</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Liberals_of_Serbia" title="Liberals of Serbia">LS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democracy_of_Slovenia" title="Liberal Democracy of Slovenia">LDS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Council_of_Asian_Liberals_and_Democrats305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Asian_Liberals_and_Democrats" title="Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats">Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cambodia: <a href="/wiki/Sam_Rainsy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Rainsy Party">PSR</a></li> <li>Hong Kong: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Party (Hong Kong)">DP</a> (represented through two individual members)</li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Democratic_Party_of_Struggle" title="Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle">PDI-P</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Awakening_Party" title="National Awakening Party">PKB</a>**</li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Japan" title="Democratic Party of Japan">DPJ</a>**</li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Parti_Gerakan_Rakyat_Malaysia" title="Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia">PGRM</a></li> <li>Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Will_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Will Party">IZN</a></li> <li>Myanmar: <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_the_Union_of_Burma" title="National Council of the Union of Burma">NCUB</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberal_Forum_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberal Forum Pakistan (page does not exist)">LFP</a>*</li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">LP</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Democratic_Party" title="Singapore Democratic Party">SDP</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Sri Lanka">LP</a></li> <li>ROC Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Democrat_Party_(Thailand)" title="Democrat Party (Thailand)">DP</a></li></ul> <p>*associate member **observer </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa_Liberal_Network305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Africa_Liberal_Network" title="Africa Liberal Network">Africa Liberal Network</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Angola: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Angola)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Angola)">PLD</a></li> <li>Burkina Faso: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Democracy_and_Federation%E2%80%93African_Democratic_Rally" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance for Democracy and Federation–African Democratic Rally">ADF-RDA</a></li> <li>DR Congo: <a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_of_Democrats_for_Reconstruction" title="National Alliance of Democrats for Reconstruction">ANADER</a></li> <li>Côte d'Ivoire: <a href="/wiki/Rally_of_the_Republicans" title="Rally of the Republicans">RDR</a></li> <li>Equatorial Guinea: <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Union_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="National Democratic Union of Equatorial Guinea">UDENA</a></li> <li>Madagascar: <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Progress_of_Madagascar" title="Movement for the Progress of Madagascar">MFM</a></li> <li>Malawi: <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(Malawi)" title="United Democratic Front (Malawi)">UDF</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Popular_Movement_(Morocco)" title="Popular Movement (Morocco)">MP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_(Morocco)" title="Constitutional Union (Morocco)">UC</a></li> <li>Mozambique: <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Peace,_Democracy,_and_Development" title="Party for Peace, Democracy, and Development">PDD</a></li> <li>Senegal: <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Democratic_Party" title="Senegalese Democratic Party">PDS</a></li> <li>Seychelles: <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_National_Party" title="Seychelles National Party">SNP</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Civic_United_Front" title="Civic United Front">CUF</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(Tanzania)" title="United Democratic Party (Tanzania)">UDP</a></li> <li>Tunisia: <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Party_(Tunisia)" title="Social Liberal Party (Tunisia)">PSL</a></li> <li>Zambia: <a href="/wiki/United_Party_for_National_Development" title="United Party for National Development">UNDP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Liberal_Network_for_Latin_America305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Network_for_Latin_America" title="Liberal Network for Latin America">Liberal Network for Latin America</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Recreate_for_Growth" title="Recreate for Growth">Recrear</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partido_Primero_de_Gente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partido Primero de Gente (page does not exist)">PPG</a></li> <li>Costa Rica: <a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Libertario" class="mw-redirect" title="Movimiento Libertario">PML</a></li> <li>Guatemala: <a href="/wiki/Reform_Movement_(Guatemala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Movement (Guatemala)">MR</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">NA</a></li> <li>Peru: <a href="/wiki/National_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="National Justice">JN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arab_Liberal_Federation305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arab_Liberal_Federation" title="Arab Liberal Federation">Arab Liberal Federation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Comoros: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Alliance_of_the_Comoros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Alliance of the Comoros (page does not exist)">NAC</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Front_Party" title="Democratic Front Party">DFP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_Egyptians_Party" title="Free Egyptians Party">FEP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghad_El-Thawra_Party" title="Ghad El-Thawra Party">GTP</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Lebanon)" title="National Liberal Party (Lebanon)">NLP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Future_Movement" title="Future Movement">FM</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Popular_Movement_(Morocco)" title="Popular Movement (Morocco)">MP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_(Morocco)" title="Constitutional Union (Morocco)">UC</a></li> <li>Sudan: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Sudan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Sudan)">LDP</a></li> <li>Tunisia: <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Tunisia)" title="Republican Party (Tunisia)">PR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Belgium407" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Belgian_political_parties" title="Template:Belgian political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Belgian_political_parties" title="Template talk:Belgian political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Belgian_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Belgian political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Belgium407" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Belgium" title="List of political parties in Belgium">Political parties in Belgium</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Flanders" title="Political parties in Flanders">Flemish parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Flemish_Alliance" title="New Flemish Alliance">New Flemish Alliance (N-VA)</a> (25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Flemish Interest (VB)</a> (18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_and_Flemish" title="Christian Democratic and Flemish">Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V)</a> (12)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (Open Vld)</a> (12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">Vooruit (Forward)</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groen_(political_party)" title="Groen (political party)">Green (Groen)</a> (8)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libertair,_Direct,_Democratisch" title="Libertair, Direct, Democratisch">Libertarian, Direct, Democratic (LDD)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Francophone parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Belgium)" title="Socialist Party (Belgium)">Socialist Party (PS)</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformist_Movement" title="Reformist Movement">Reformist Movement (MR)</a> (14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolo" title="Ecolo">Ecolo</a> (13)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Les_Engag%C3%A9s_(The_Engaged_Ones)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Les Engagés (The Engaged Ones) (page does not exist)">Les Engagés (The Engaged Ones)</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9FI" title="DéFI">DéFI</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Belgium_(1989)" title="Communist Party of Belgium (1989)">Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Democrats (Belgium)">Liberal Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(Belgium)" title="Libertarian Party (Belgium)">Libertarian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_(political_party)" title="Nation (political party)">Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_Wallonie_France" title="Rassemblement Wallonie France">Rally Wallonia France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chez_Nous_(Belgian_political_party)" title="Chez Nous (Belgian political party)">Chez nous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Collective" title="Citizen Collective">Citizen Collective</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Belgium" title="Workers' Party of Belgium">Workers' Party (PVDA/PTB)</a> (12)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agora_(Belgium)" title="Agora (Belgium)">Agora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgische_Unie_%E2%80%93_Union_Belge" title="Belgische Unie – Union Belge">Belgian Union (BUB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DierAnimal" title="DierAnimal">DierAnimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISLAM_(Belgian_political_party)" title="ISLAM (Belgian political party)">ISLAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Socialist_Party_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Socialist Party (Belgium)">Left Socialist Party (LSP/PSL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_(Belgium)" title="Pirate Party (Belgium)">Pirate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Bruxsel" title="Pro Bruxsel">Pro Bruxsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivant" title="Vivant">Vivant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volt_Belgium" title="Volt Belgium">Volt Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Unie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L'Unie (page does not exist)">L'Unie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German-speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christlich_Soziale_Partei_(Belgium)" title="Christlich Soziale Partei (Belgium)">Christian Social Party (CSP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspectives._Freedom._Progress." title="Perspectives. Freedom. Progress.">Party for Freedom and Progress (PFF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolo" title="Ecolo">Ecolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(Belgium)" title="Libertarian Party (Belgium)">Libertarian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProDG_(Belgium)" title="ProDG (Belgium)">ProDG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Belgium)" title="Socialist Party (Belgium)">Socialist Party (SP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former notable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Party_(Belgium)" title="Catholic Party (Belgium)">Catholic Party</a> → <a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Party_(Belgium,_1945)" title="Christian Social Party (Belgium, 1945)">Christian Social Party (CVP/PSC)</a> <small>(1869–1968)</small>  </li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Labour_Party" title="Belgian Labour Party">Labour Party (BWP/POB)</a> → <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Socialist_Party" title="Belgian Socialist Party">Socialist Party (SP/PS)</a> <small>(1885–1978)</small>  </li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Belgium)" title="Liberal Party (Belgium)">Liberal Party</a> → <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom_and_Progress" title="Party for Freedom and Progress">Party for Freedom and Progress (PVV/PLP)</a> <small>(1846–1992)</small></li></ul> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Flanders)" title="Communist Party (Flanders)">Communist Party</a> (1921/1989–2009)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Vlaamsch_Nationaal_Verbond" title="Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond">Flemish National Union (VNV)</a> (1933–1944)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Frontpartij" title="Frontpartij">Front Party</a> (1919–1933)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Front (Belgium)">National Front</a> (1985–2012)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Union_(Belgium)" title="People's Union (Belgium)">People's Union</a> (1954–2001)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rexist_Party" title="Rexist Party">Rexist Party</a> (1930–1945)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sociaal-Liberale_Partij" title="Sociaal-Liberale Partij">Social Liberal Party (SLP/Spirit)</a> (2001–2009)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>The numbers are seats in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)" title="Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)">Chamber of Representatives</a> (150)</small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Belgium" title="Politics of Belgium">Politics of Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Renew_Europe312" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Renew_Europe" title="Template:Renew Europe"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Renew_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Renew Europe (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Renew_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Renew Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Renew_Europe312" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Renew Europe</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;"><div><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">European Parliament group</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;;width:1%">Member parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">European parties</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">European Democratic Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;;width:1%">National parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/NEOS_(Austria)" title="NEOS (Austria)">NEOS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/13px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/26px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Reformist_Movement" title="Reformist Movement">MR</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Open Vld</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Movement for Rights and Freedoms">DPS/ДПС</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Democratic_Assembly" title="Istrian Democratic Assembly">IDS/DDI</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Venstre_(Denmark)" title="Venstre (Denmark)">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Danish Social Liberal Party">B</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Centre_Party" title="Estonian Centre Party">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Reform_Party" title="Estonian Reform Party">RE</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Finland)" title="Centre Party (Finland)">Kesk./C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_People%27s_Party_of_Finland" title="Swedish People's Party of Finland">RKP/SFP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_(French_political_party)" title="Renaissance (French political party)">RE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Movement_(France)" title="Democratic Movement (France)">MoDem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Party_(France)" title="Radical Party (France)">PR</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Voters" title="Free Voters">FW</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/15px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Momentum_Movement" title="Momentum Movement">Momentum</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italia_Viva" title="Italia Viva">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_(Italian_political_party)" title="Action (Italian political party)">A</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Development/For!" title="Development/For!">AP!</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Movement_(Lithuania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Movement (Lithuania)">LS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/15px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Luxembourg)" title="Democratic Party (Luxembourg)">DP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">VVD</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland_2050" title="Poland 2050">PL2050</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Save_Romania_Union" title="Save Romania Union">USR</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Slovakia" title="Progressive Slovakia">PS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Movement_(Slovenia)" title="Freedom Movement (Slovenia)">GS</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Citizens_(Spanish_political_party)" title="Citizens (Spanish political party)">C's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">EAJ-PNV</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/15px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Sweden)" title="Centre Party (Sweden)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberals_(Sweden)" title="Liberals (Sweden)">L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD700; color:black;;width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>President: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_S%C3%A9journ%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Séjourné">Stéphane Séjourné</a></li> <li>First Vice-President: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malik_Azmani" title="Malik Azmani">Malik Azmani</a></li> <li>Vice-Presidents: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sylvie_Brunet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylvie Brunet">Sylvie Brunet</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/15px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Cseh" title="Katalin Cseh">Katalin Cseh</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jordi_Ca%C3%B1as_P%C3%A9rez" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordi Cañas Pérez">Jordi Cañas Pérez</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Morten_L%C3%B8kkegaard" title="Morten Løkkegaard">Morten Løkkegaard</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iskra_Mihaylova" title="Iskra Mihaylova">Iskra Mihaylova</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rique_Ries" title="Frédérique Ries">Frédérique Ries</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Riquet" title="Dominique Riquet">Dominique Riquet</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Michal_%C5%A0ime%C4%8Dka" title="Michal Šimečka">Michal Šimečka</a></li> <li>Secretary General: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> Anders Rasmussen</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1160192#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata917" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1160192#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata917" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1160192#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106626651">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121626270">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133584557">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/135292801">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n94103176">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb159032747">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb159032747">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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