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laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Distribuzione_geografica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribuzione_geografica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Distribuzione geografica</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Distribuzione_geografica-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Distribuzione geografica</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Distribuzione_geografica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lingua_ufficiale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lingua_ufficiale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Lingua ufficiale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lingua_ufficiale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialetti_e_lingue_derivate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialetti_e_lingue_derivate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dialetti e lingue derivate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialetti_e_lingue_derivate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letteratura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letteratura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Letteratura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letteratura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classificazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Classificazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classificazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grammatica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grammatica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Grammatica</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grammatica-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Grammatica</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grammatica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-I_sostantivi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_sostantivi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>I sostantivi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_sostantivi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Pronomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistema_di_scrittura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistema_di_scrittura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sistema di scrittura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistema_di_scrittura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lingua persiana</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 225 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-225" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">225 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Аџьам бызшәа - abcaso" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аџьам бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abcaso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Parisi" title="Bahsa Parisi - accinese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Parisi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="accinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Персыбзэ - adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Персыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persies" title="Persies - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Persies" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persische_Sprache" title="Persische Sprache - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Persische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8B%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%9B" title="ፋርስኛ - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፋርስኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_persa" title="Idioma persa - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma persa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Persisc sprǣc - inglese antico" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Persisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="inglese antico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फारसी भाषा - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="फारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الفارسية - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الفارسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܦܪܣܝܐ - aramaico" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܦܪܣܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لفارسية - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لفارسية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%89" title="فارسى - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فارسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ফাৰ্চী ভাষা - assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ফাৰ্চী ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_persa" title="Idioma persa - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma persa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="Парс мацӀ - avaro" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Парс мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persava" title="Persava - kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Persava" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirsa_aru" title="Pirsa aru - aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Pirsa aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars_dili" title="Fars dili - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fars dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="فارس دیلی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فارس دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фарсы теле - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фарсы теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Pars" title="Basa Pars - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Pars" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisch" title="Persisch - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Persisch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persu_kalba" title="Persu kalba - samogitico" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Persu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Persa" title="Tataramon na Persa - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Persa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Персідская мова - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Персідская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пэрсыдзкая мова - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пэрсыдзкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Parsi" title="Basa Parsi - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa Parsi" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Персийски език - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Персийски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फ़ारसी भाषा - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फ़ारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ফার্সি ভাষা - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফার্সি ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%8F%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9F%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཏ་ཟིག་གི་སྐད། - tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཏ་ཟིག་གི་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perseg" title="Perseg - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Perseg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzijski_jezik" title="Perzijski jezik - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Perzijski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Persia" title="Saro Persia - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Persia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Перс хэлэн - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Перс хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persa" title="Persa - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Persa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8F%CC%A4-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Pŏ̤-sṳ̆-ngṳ̄ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pŏ̤-sṳ̆-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="ГӀажарийн мотт - ceceno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ГӀажарийн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ceceno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Persiyano" title="Pinulongang Persiyano - cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Persiyano" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%8B%E1%8F%8F_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᏂᏋᏏ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ - cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᏋᏏ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زمانی فارسی - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی فارسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_persiana" title="Lingua persiana - corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua persiana" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars_tili" title="Fars tili - turco crimeo" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Fars tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turco crimeo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C5%A1tina" title="Perština - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Perština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persczi_j%C3%A3z%C3%ABk" title="Persczi jãzëk - kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Persczi jãzëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Перс чĕлхи - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Перс чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perseg" title="Perseg - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Perseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisk_(sprog)" title="Persisk (sprog) - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Persisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persische_Sprache" title="Persische Sprache - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Persische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farski" title="Farski - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Farski" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persi%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Persišćina - basso sorabo" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Persišćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="basso sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A7%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%A9" title="ފާރިސީ - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފާރިސީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Περσική γλώσσα - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Περσική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsian" title="Parsian - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Parsian" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Persian language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persa_lingvo" title="Persa lingvo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Persa lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_persa" title="Idioma persa - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma persa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4rsia_keel" title="Pärsia keel - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pärsia keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Persiera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luenga_Persa" title="Luenga Persa - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Luenga Persa" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زبان فارسی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان فارسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_kieli" title="Persian kieli - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Persian kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4rsi%C3%A4_kiil" title="Pärsiä kiil - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Pärsiä kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Persiskt mál - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Persiskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persan" title="Persan - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Persan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisk_spriak" title="Persisk spriak - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Persisk spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzysk" title="Perzysk - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Perzysk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Pheirsis" title="An Pheirsis - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Pheirsis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars_dili" title="Fars dili - gagauzo" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Fars dili" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauzo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="波斯語 - gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="波斯語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirsis" title="Peirsis - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Peirsis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_persa" title="Lingua persa - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua persa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A4%D9%86" title="فارسي زوؤن - gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="فارسي زوؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peysia%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Peysiañe'ẽ - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Peysiañe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="ફારસી ભાષા - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ફારસી ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pershish" title="Pershish - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Pershish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farisawa" title="Farisawa - hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Farisawa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%82-ng%C3%AE" title="Pô-sṳ̂-ngî - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pô-sṳ̂-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Dlelo_Pelekia" title="ʻōlelo Pelekia - hawaiano" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻōlelo Pelekia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פרסית - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרסית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फ़ारसी भाषा - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ़ारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farsi_bhasa" title="Farsi bhasa - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Farsi bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzijski_jezik" title="Perzijski jezik - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Perzijski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persi%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Persišćina - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Persišćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ajperzsa_nyelv" title="Újperzsa nyelv - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Újperzsa nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Պարսկերեն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պարսկերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Պարսկերէն - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պարսկերէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persa" title="Persa - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Persa" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Persia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian" title="Persian - interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Persian" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Persiano" title="Pagsasao a Persiano - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao a Persiano" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Фаьрсий мотт - ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Фаьрсий мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiana_linguo" title="Persiana linguo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Persiana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persneska" title="Persneska - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Persneska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="ペルシア語 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペルシア語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangpers" title="Bangpers - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="Bangpers" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_P%C3%A8rsi" title="Basa Pèrsi - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Pèrsi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="სპარსული ენა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სპარსული ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pars%C4%B1_tili" title="Parsı tili - kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Parsı tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Парсыбзэ - cabardino" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Парсыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="cabardino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%9Br%C9%A9san%C9%A9_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Parsiya" title="Bahasa Parsiya - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Parsiya" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Парсы тілі - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Парсы тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F" title="ភាសាពែរ្ស - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាពែរ្ស" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಪಾರ್ಸಿ ಭಾಷೆ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪಾರ್ಸಿ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="페르시아어 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페르시아어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Пирс кыв - permiaco" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Пирс кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="permiaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فارسی زَبان - kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="فارسی زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_faris%C3%AE" title="Zimanê farisî - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê farisî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Фарси - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Фарси" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persek" title="Persek - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Persek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Фарс тили - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фарс тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Persica" title="Lingua Persica - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Persica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_persa" title="Lingua persa - giudeo-spagnolo" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua persa" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="giudeo-spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persesch" title="Persesch - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Persesch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Перс маз - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Перс маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Фарси - lesgo" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Фарси" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesgo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farsi_(lingua)" title="Farsi (lingua) - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Farsi (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Perzisch" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_farsi" title="Lengua farsi - ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua farsi" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengaz_persian" title="Lengaz persian - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lengaz persian" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_persiana" title="Lengua persiana - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua persiana" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%81" title="ພາສາແປກ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາແປກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pers%C5%B3_kalba" title="Persų kalba - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Persų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persie%C5%A1u_valoda" title="Persiešu valoda - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Persiešu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फारसी भाषा - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="फारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Персиянь кяль - moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Персиянь кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_persana" title="Fiteny persana - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny persana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Фарси йылме - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Фарси йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_P%C4%81hia" title="Reo Pāhia - maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Pāhia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Persia" title="Bahaso Persia - menangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Persia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="menangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Персиски јазик - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Персиски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="പേർഷ്യൻ ഭാഷ - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പേർഷ്യൻ ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Перс хэл - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Перс хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ - manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फारसी भाषा - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%B9%D3%B9%D0%BB%D0%BC%D3%B9" title="Перси йӹлмӹ - mari occidentale" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Перси йӹлмӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Parsi" title="Bahasa Parsi - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Parsi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_Persjana" title="Lingwa Persjana - maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Persjana" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ပါရှားဘာသာစကား - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပါရှားဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Персиянь кель - erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Персиянь кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فارسی - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فارسی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiatlaht%C5%8Dlli" title="Persiatlahtōlli - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Persiatlahtōlli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persische_Spraak" title="Persische Spraak - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Persische Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फारसी भाषा - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="पारसी भाषा - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पारसी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Perzisch" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisk" title="Persisk - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Persisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisk" title="Persisk - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Persisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persanum" title="Persanum - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Persanum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepersian" title="Sepersian - sotho del nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sepersian" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho del nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persan" title="Persan - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Persan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persien" title="Persien - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Persien" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Персайнаг æвзаг - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Персайнаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persan" title="Persan - piccardo" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Persan" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="piccardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_perski" title="Język perski - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język perski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Parsi" title="Lenga Parsi - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Parsi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فارسی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فارسی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="پارسي ژبه - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پارسي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_persa" title="Língua persa - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua persa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharsi_simi" title="Pharsi simi - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pharsi simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_persiana" title="Lingua persiana - romancio" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua persiana" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romancio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_persan%C4%83" title="Limba persană - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba persană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8nga_persiane" title="Lènga persiane - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Lènga persiane" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Персидский язык - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Персидский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Перьскый язык - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Перьскый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinyaperisi" title="Kinyaperisi - kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Kinyaperisi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="फारसीभाषा - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फारसीभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Перс тыла - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Перс тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_persiana" title="Limba persiana - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba persiana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_persiana" title="Lingua persiana - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua persiana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persie_leid" title="Persie leid - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Persie leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="فارسي ٻولي - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فارسي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiagiella" title="Persiagiella - sami del nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Persiagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami del nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzijski_jezik" title="Perzijski jezik - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Perzijski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Persian language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzsk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Perzské jazyky - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Perzské jazyky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فارسی - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="فارسی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzij%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Perzijščina - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Perzijščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%CA%BBa_Peresia" title="Faʻa Peresia - samoano" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faʻa Peresia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af-Faarisi" title="Af-Faarisi - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Af-Faarisi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_perse" title="Gjuha perse - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha perse" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Персијски језик - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Персијски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persitongo" title="Persitongo - sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Persitongo" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADPersi" title="SíPersi - swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="SíPersi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persisk" title="Persisk - saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Persisk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_P%C3%A9rsi" title="Basa Pérsi - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Pérsi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persiska" title="Persiska - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Persiska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiajemi" title="Kiajemi - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiajemi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Perskŏ gŏdka - slesiano" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Perskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="slesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="பாரசீக மொழி - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாரசீக மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="పార్సీ భాష - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పార్సీ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони форсӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษาเปอร์เซีย - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเปอร์เซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pars_dili" title="Pars dili - turcomanno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Pars dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcomanno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Persa" title="Wikang Persa - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Persa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farsi_zyvon" title="Farsi zyvon - taliscio" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Farsi zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="taliscio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokples_Pesia" title="Tokples Pesia - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tokples Pesia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars%C3%A7a" title="Farsça - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Farsça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фарсы теле - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фарсы теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Перс кыл - udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Перс кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="پارس تىلى - uiguro" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پارس تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Перська мова - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Перська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فارسی زبان - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فارسی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fors_tili" title="Fors tili - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fors tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_farsi" title="Łéngua farsi - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua farsi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persijan_kel%27" title="Persijan kel' - vepso" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Persijan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Ba_T%C6%B0" title="Tiếng Ba Tư - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Ba Tư" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4rs%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Pärsänapük - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Pärsänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinersyano" title="Pinersyano - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pinersyano" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯语 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="波斯语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Пирсин келн - kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Пирсин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="სპარსული ნინა - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სპარსული ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A9" title="פערסיש - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פערסיש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_P%E1%BA%B9%CC%81rs%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Èdè Pẹ́rsíà - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Pẹ́rsíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah_Bohsih" title="Vah Bohsih - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah Bohsih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch - zelandese" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Perzisch" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯语 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波斯语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="波斯語 - cinese classico" 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130658281">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote.nota-disambigua{clear:both;margin-top:0;padding:.05em .5em}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint nota-disambigua"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/18px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/27px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/36px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Disambiguazione" title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Lingua_persiana_(disambigua)" class="mw-disambig" title="Lingua persiana (disambigua)">Lingua persiana (disambigua)</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i dati principali della lingua" style="width:300px"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Persiano<br /><span class="sinottico_sottotitolo">فارسی (<i>Fārsī</i>)</span></th></tr><tr><th>Parlato in</th><td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iran (bandiera)"><img alt="Iran (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> <br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(2013%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Afghanistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Afghanistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tagikistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Tagikistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tagikistan" title="Tagikistan">Tagikistan</a><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uzbekistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Uzbekistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a><br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stati Uniti (bandiera)"><img alt="Stati Uniti (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Locutori</th></tr><tr><th>Totale</th><td>77,4 milioni (Ethnologue, 2022) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Lingue_per_numero_di_parlanti_madrelingua" title="Lingue per numero di parlanti madrelingua">Classifica</a></th><td>25 (2021) </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Altre informazioni</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Scrittura" title="Scrittura">Scrittura</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_arabo-persiano" title="Alfabeto arabo-persiano">alfabeto arabo-persiano</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Tipologia_linguistica" title="Tipologia linguistica">Tipo</a></th><td>SOV flessiva/agglutinante </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Tassonomia</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Famiglia_linguistica" title="Famiglia linguistica">Filogenesi</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Lingue_indoeuropee" title="Lingue indoeuropee">Lingue indoeuropee</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Lingue_indoiraniche" title="Lingue indoiraniche">Lingue indoiraniche</a><br />  <a href="/wiki/Lingue_iraniche" title="Lingue iraniche">Lingue iraniche</a><br />   <a href="/wiki/Lingue_iraniche_occidentali" title="Lingue iraniche occidentali">Lingue iraniche occidentali</a><br />    <a href="/wiki/Lingue_iraniche_sudoccidentali" title="Lingue iraniche sudoccidentali">Lingue iraniche sudoccidentali</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Statuto ufficiale</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Lingua_ufficiale" title="Lingua ufficiale">Ufficiale</a> in</th><td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iran (bandiera)"><img alt="Iran (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (farsi)<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(2013%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Afghanistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Afghanistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> (dari)<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tagikistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Tagikistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tagikistan" title="Tagikistan">Tagikistan</a> (tagico) </td></tr><tr><th>Regolato da</th><td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iran (bandiera)"><img alt="Iran (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> <a href="/wiki/Accademia_della_Lingua_e_della_Letteratura_Persiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Accademia della Lingua e della Letteratura Persiana">Accademia della Lingua e della Letteratura Persiana</a>,<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(2013%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Afghanistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Afghanistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Accademia_delle_Scienze_dell%27Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Accademia delle Scienze dell'Afghanistan">Accademia delle Scienze dell'Afghanistan</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Codici di classificazione</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-1</a></th><td><code>fa</code> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></th><td><code>per /B, fas /T</code> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></th><td><code class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/fas">fas</a></code> (<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td><code class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/fars1254">fars1254</a></code> (<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ABCDEF">Estratto in lingua</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; font-size:90%;text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Dichiarazione_universale_dei_diritti_umani" title="Dichiarazione universale dei diritti umani">Dichiarazione universale dei diritti umani</a>, art. 1</b><br />تمام افراد بشر آزاد به دنيا مي‌آيند و از لحاظ حیثیت و حقوق با هم برابرند. همه دارای عقل و وجدان هستند و باید نسبت به یکدیگر با روح برادری رفتار کنند. </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; font-size:90%;text-align:left"><b>Traslitterazione</b><br />Tamām-e afrād-e bashar āzād be donyā miyāyand va az lehāż-e hei<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r107150125">.mw-parser-output .Unicode{font-family:TITUS Cyberbit Basic,Code2000,Doulos SIL,Chrysanthi Unicode,Bitstream Cyberbit,Bitstream CyberBase,Bitstream Vera,Thryomanes,Gentium,GentiumAlt,Visual Geez Unicode,Lucida Grande,Arial Unicode MS,Microsoft Sans Serif,Lucida Sans Unicode;font-family:inherit}</style><span class="Unicode" style="font-family:Antinoou, Code2000, Code2001, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Sans Unicode, Noto Sans Mandaic, Penuturesu, Segoe UI Symbol; font-family :inherit;">s̱</span>īyat-o hoqūq bāham barābarand. Hame dārā-ye ʿaql-o vejdān mībāshand va bāyad nesbat be-yekdīgar bā rūh-e barādarī raftār konand. </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg/260px-Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg/390px-Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg/520px-Persian_Language_Location_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Aree dove viene parlato il persiano come <a href="/wiki/Lingua_madre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua madre">lingua madre</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Lingua/man" title="Template:Lingua/man"><span title="Manuale del template Lingua">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>persiano</b> (nome nativo: <span dir="rtl" lang="fa">فارسی</span>‎; <i>fārsī</i> <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[fɑːɾˈsiː]</span></a>) è una <a href="/wiki/Lingue_indoeuropee" title="Lingue indoeuropee">lingua indoeuropea</a> parlata in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Tagikistan" title="Tagikistan">Tagikistan</a>, dove è ufficialmente denominato <i>(forsi-i) tojiki</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lingua_tagica" title="Lingua tagica">lingua tagica</a>), in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, dove è ufficialmente denominato <i>(fārsī-ye) dari</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lingua_dari" title="Lingua dari">lingua dari</a>) e in <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>. </p><p>Al 2022, è parlata da 77,4 milioni di parlanti totali<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribuzione_geografica">Distribuzione geografica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Distribuzione geografica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Distribuzione geografica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ci sono 77,4 milioni di parlanti di persiano iraniano stando a Ethnologue, 2022; nel 2021, i parlanti erano 74 milioni e 56,3 milioni erano parlanti nativi L1, mentre 17,9 erano parlanti stranieri L2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lingua_ufficiale">Lingua ufficiale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Lingua ufficiale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Lingua ufficiale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gode dello stato di <a href="/wiki/Lingua_ufficiale" title="Lingua ufficiale">lingua ufficiale</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tagikistan" title="Tagikistan">Tagikistan</a> (come <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tagica" title="Lingua tagica">lingua tagica</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) e <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> (come <a href="/wiki/Lingua_dari" title="Lingua dari">lingua dari</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialetti_e_lingue_derivate">Dialetti e lingue derivate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Dialetti e lingue derivate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Dialetti e lingue derivate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solitamente gli idiomi parlati da <a href="/wiki/Iraniani" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraniani">iraniani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tagichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagichi">tagichi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pashtun" title="Pashtun">afghani</a> di lingua persiana risultano essere <a href="/wiki/Mutua_intelligibilit%C3%A0" title="Mutua intelligibilità">mutuamente intelligibili</a>. Tuttavia, stando ad una classificazione popolare: </p> <ul><li>il <a href="/wiki/Lingua_dari" title="Lingua dari">dari</a> è il dialetto orientale. Rappresenta una delle due lingue ufficiali dell'<a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> (compreso il dialetto <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazaragi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazaragi (la pagina non esiste)">hazaragi</a> – parlato dagli <a href="/wiki/Hazara" title="Hazara">Hazara</a> dell'Afghanistan centrale).</li> <li>il <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tagica" title="Lingua tagica">tagico</a>: anch'esso può essere considerato un dialetto orientale. Diversamente dal persiano e dal dari è scritto utilizzando l'<a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_cirillico" title="Alfabeto cirillico">alfabeto cirillico</a>.</li></ul> <p>Esistono poi varie lingue simili al persiano, utilizzate dai popoli che abitano l'Iran moderno: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_gilaki" title="Lingua gilaki">lingua gilaki</a> – parlata nell'Iran settentrionale, soprattutto nella <a href="/wiki/Provincia_di_Gilan" title="Provincia di Gilan">Provincia di Gilan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_taliscia" title="Lingua taliscia">lingua taliscia</a>, talysh o talishi – parlata nell'Iran settentrionale e nelle zone meridionali dell'<a href="/wiki/Azerbaigian" title="Azerbaigian">Azerbaigian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_luri" title="Lingua luri">lingua luri</a>, o lori – parlata principalmente nella regione sud-occidentale del <a href="/wiki/Luristan" title="Luristan">Luristan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua tat (la pagina non esiste)">lingua tat</a> (altrimenti detta tati o eshtehardi) – parlata nelle regioni iraniane dell'<a href="/wiki/Azerbaigian_Orientale" title="Azerbaigian Orientale">Azerbaigian Orientale</a>, di <a href="/wiki/Regione_di_Zanjan" class="mw-redirect" title="Regione di Zanjan">Zanjan</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Regione_di_Qazvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Regione di Qazvin">Qazvin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_dari_(zoroastriani)" title="Lingua dari (zoroastriani)">lingua dari</a> – da non confondere con il dari dell'Afghanistan, è parlata dagli <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrismo" title="Zoroastrismo">zoroastriani</a> dell'Iran residenti nelle due città di <a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazd</a> e <a href="/wiki/Kerman_(citt%C3%A0)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerman (città)">Kerman</a>. Conta poche migliaia di parlanti.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_giudeo-persiana" title="Lingua giudeo-persiana">lingua dzhidi</a> o <a href="/wiki/Lingua_giudeo-persiana" title="Lingua giudeo-persiana">giudeo-persiano</a> – un insieme di dialetti parlati nelle varie comunità <a href="/wiki/Ebrei" title="Ebrei">ebraiche</a> entro i confini dell'antico <a href="/wiki/Impero_persiano" class="mw-redirect" title="Impero persiano">Impero persiano</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essa rappresenta la fase moderna della lingua dei <a href="/wiki/Persiani" title="Persiani">Persiani</a>, iniziata con la <a href="/wiki/Lingua_persiana_antica" title="Lingua persiana antica">lingua persiana antica</a> e proseguita con le fasi intermedie della <a href="/wiki/Lingua_partica" title="Lingua partica">lingua partica</a> e della <a href="/wiki/Lingua_pahlavi" title="Lingua pahlavi">lingua pahlavi</a> (o "lingua persiana media"). </p><p>Degna di menzione è anche la <a href="/wiki/Lingua_giudeo-persiana" title="Lingua giudeo-persiana">lingua giudeo-persiana</a> (o "lingua dzhidi") parlata dalle comunità ebraiche dell'Iran. </p><p>Il persiano è la lingua che ha dato origine alla <a href="/wiki/Letteratura_persiana" title="Letteratura persiana">letteratura persiana</a> moderna, ampiamente diffusa sin dal <a href="/wiki/Medioevo" title="Medioevo">medioevo</a> anche al di fuori dei territori iranici (<a href="/wiki/Turchia" title="Turchia">Turchia</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Ottomani" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottomani">Ottomani</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Moghul" title="Moghul">Moghul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia_Centrale" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Centrale">Asia Centrale</a>). </p><p>Anche nella <a href="/wiki/Lingua_italiana" title="Lingua italiana">lingua italiana</a> esistono vari termini derivati dal persiano, quali <i><a href="/wiki/Paradiso" title="Paradiso">paradiso</a></i> (in persiano: "giardino"), <i><a href="/wiki/Divano" title="Divano">divano</a></i>, <i>ciabatta</i>, <i>pigiama</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Letteratura">Letteratura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Letteratura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Letteratura"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Letteratura_persiana" title="Letteratura persiana">Letteratura persiana</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificazione">Classificazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Classificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Classificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il persiano appartiene alla famiglia delle <a href="/wiki/Lingue_indoeuropee" title="Lingue indoeuropee">lingue indoeuropee</a> e, all'interno di questa, al <a href="/wiki/Lingue_iraniche_sudoccidentali" title="Lingue iraniche sudoccidentali">ramo sudoccidentale</a> delle <a href="/wiki/Lingue_iraniche" title="Lingue iraniche">lingue iraniche</a>. </p><p>Secondo lo standard <a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a> è codificato come macrolingua con i seguenti membri: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_dari" title="Lingua dari">Lingua dari</a> [codice <a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a> prs] o farsi orientale<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana_iraniana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua persiana iraniana (la pagina non esiste)">Lingua persiana iraniana</a> [pes] o farsi occidentale<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammatica">Grammatica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Grammatica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Grammatica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Grammatica_persiana" title="Grammatica persiana">Grammatica persiana</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Per quanto concerne l'ordine delle parole nella frase, appartiene al tipo "<a href="/wiki/Soggetto_Oggetto_Verbo" title="Soggetto Oggetto Verbo">Soggetto Oggetto Verbo</a>". Per esempio la frase in italiano "Il libro è qui" è in persiano کتاب اینجا است (ketāb injā-ast), dove کتاب (ketāb) è il libro, اینجا (inja) vuol dire qui, است (ast) è il verbo essere al presente coniugato alla terza persona. </p><p>Una particolarità del persiano è che non vi è il genere maschile o femminile. Per esempio, la terza persona او (u) indica sia lui che lei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="I_sostantivi">I sostantivi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione I sostantivi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: I sostantivi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il persiano non ha un vero e proprio articolo determinativo come "il" oppure "la" nella lingua italiana. Nella forme di base i sostantivi persiani sono determinati o indeterminati, a seconda del contesto in cui ci troviamo. Per esempio: </p> <ul><li>کتاب (ketāb) il/un libro</li> <li>خیابان (khiābān) la/una strada</li> <li>سیب (sīb) la/una mela</li></ul> <p>Tuttavia il sostantivo può essere reso indeterminato usando il suffisso ی- (-i) alla fine del sostantivo. Per esempio: </p> <ul><li>کتابی (ketābi) un libro</li> <li>خیابانی (khiābāni) una strada</li> <li>سیبی (sībi) una mela</li></ul> <p>Da notare che il suffisso indeterminativo viene aggiunto per la maggior parte a sostantivi che sono numerabili; infatti viene raramente aggiunto a sostantivi non numerabili. Per esempio: </p> <ul><li>نان (nān) "il pane" non è numerabile: نانی هست (nāni hast) "c'è del pane"</li> <li>قلمی (ghalami) "una penna" è numerabile: یک عدد قلم هست / قلمی هست (yek adad ghalam hast / ghalami hast) "c'è una penna"</li></ul> <p>In alcuni casi può rendere determinato un sostantivo quando è l'oggetto diretto del verbo. In questo caso, si aggiunge il suffisso را (rā). </p> <ul><li>او کتاب را می‌خواند (ū ketāb rā mī khōnad) "lui/lei legge il libro"</li></ul> <p>Da notare che il suffisso را (rā) non cambia l'accento del sostantivo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronomi">Pronomi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Pronomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Pronomi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il soggetto di un verbo è una persona o una cosa che effettua l'azione indicata dal verbo. I pronomi che servono ad indicare il soggetto in un verbo in persiano sono: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Persona</th> <th>Singolare</th> <th>Plurale </th></tr> <tr> <td>Prima</td> <td>من (man) "io"</td> <td>ما (mā) "noi" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Seconda</td> <td>تو (to) "tu"</td> <td>شما (sciomā) "voi" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Terza</td> <td>او (u) "egli"</td> <td>ایشان (isciān) "loro" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Non animati</td> <td>آن (ān) "quello"</td> <td>آنها (ānhā) "quelli" </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La terza persona singolare آن (ān) e plurale آنها (anha) vengono utilizzati per oggetti non animati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistema_di_scrittura">Sistema di scrittura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Sistema di scrittura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Sistema di scrittura"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_arabo-persiano" title="Alfabeto arabo-persiano">Alfabeto arabo-persiano</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Il neopersiano utilizza una versione modificata dell'<a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_arabo" title="Alfabeto arabo">alfabeto arabo</a>, che si affermò circa un secolo e mezzo dopo la conversione della Persia all'<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. Prima dell'invasione araba, infatti, il persiano (al tempo si trattava del mediopersiano) veniva scritto con due diversi alfabeti: una versione modificata di quello <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_aramaico" title="Alfabeto aramaico">aramaico</a> e un alfabeto nato in Iran chiamato <i><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_avestico" title="Alfabeto avestico">dîndapirak</a></i> ("scrittura religiosa"). </p><p>Benché accomunati dall'utilizzo del medesimo alfabeto, il persiano e l'<a href="/wiki/Lingua_araba" title="Lingua araba">arabo</a> sono due lingue estremamente diverse, dato che appartengono a due famiglie distinte - la prima a quella <a href="/wiki/Lingue_indoeuropee" title="Lingue indoeuropee">indoeuropea</a>, la seconda a quella <a href="/wiki/Lingue_afroasiatiche" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingue afroasiatiche">afroasiatica</a> - e possiedono una <a href="/wiki/Fonologia" title="Fonologia">fonologia</a> e una <a href="/wiki/Grammatica" title="Grammatica">grammatica</a> del tutto differenti. </p><p>L'alfabeto arabo, così come è utilizzato in Iran, presenta quattro lettere in più rispetto a quello in uso nei paesi arabi e altre due lettere la cui grafia è stata modificata. Ciò è dovuto al fatto che nel persiano vi sono alcuni <a href="/wiki/Fonema" title="Fonema">fonemi</a> che non si ritrovano nell'arabo. Alcuni chiamano tale alfabeto "perso-arabo". Le quattro lettere addizionali sono: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;clear:both;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#EFEFEF"> <td><b>Suono</b> </td> <td><b>Forma</b> </td> <td><b>Nome</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[p]</span></a> (<i>p</i>) </td> <td style="font-size: larger">پ </td> <td>pe </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[t͡ʃ]</span></a> (<i>ch</i>) </td> <td style="font-size: larger">چ </td> <td>che </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[ʒ]</span></a> (<i>zh</i>) </td> <td style="font-size: larger">ژ </td> <td>zhe </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[g]</span></a> (<i>g</i>) </td> <td style="font-size: larger">گ </td> <td>gāf </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Le due lettere che presentano una grafia diversa sono: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;clear:both;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#EFEFEF"> <td><b>Suono</b> </td> <td><b>Lettera originaria araba</b> </td> <td><b>Lettera persiana modificata</b> </td> <td><b>Nome</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[k]</span></a> </td> <td style="font-size:larger">ك </td> <td style="font-size:larger">ک </td> <td>kāf </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[j]</span></a> (<i>y</i>) e <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[iː]</span></a> (<i>ī</i>); raramente <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[aː]</span></a> (<i>ā</i>) </td> <td style="font-size:larger">ي o ى </td> <td style="font-size:larger">ی </td> <td>ye </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Essendo la fonetica del persiano completamente diversa da quella dell'arabo, molte lettere dell'alfabeto arabo che in arabo rappresentano diversi fonemi, in persiano vengono pronunciate allo stesso modo. Il persiano ha quindi quattro lettere per il fonema <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">z</span></a> (ز ذ ظ ض), tre per la <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">s</span></a> (س ص ث), due per la <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">t</span></a> (ت ط), due per la <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">h</span></a> (ه ح), due per <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">ɣ</span></a> e <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">ɢ</span></a> (غ ق), due per indicare il <a href="/wiki/Occlusiva_glottidale_sorda" title="Occlusiva glottidale sorda">colpo di glottide</a>, simile a uno <a href="/wiki/Iato" title="Iato">iato</a> in italiano (ء ع). </p><p>Il persiano ha sei vocali (senza distinzioni di lunghezza, come in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_italiana" title="Lingua italiana">italiano</a>), mentre l'alfabeto arabo ne prevede tre, distinte in lunghe e brevi: in arabo, solo le lunghe vengono normalmente scritte, mentre le brevi possono essere scritte come accenti ("ḥarakāt", lett. "mozioni") sulla vocale a cui seguono. Di conseguenza, la metà delle vocali persiane viene effettivamente scritta, in quanto rappresentata da vocali lunghe, mentre l'altra metà viene sottintesa. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;clear:both;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Vocale </th> <th>In inizio di parola </th> <th>In arabo </th> <th>In persiano </th></tr> <tr> <td>Alef, ا </td> <td>آ </td> <td>a lunga </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[ɑ]</span></a>, come la <i>a</i> profonda dell'inglese <i>father</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vāv, و </td> <td>او </td> <td>u lunga </td> <td>u, come in italiano </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ye, ی </td> <td>ای </td> <td>i lunga </td> <td>i, come in italiano </td></tr> <tr> <td>fatha, ـَ </td> <td>اَ </td> <td>a breve </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA"><span title="Questa è una trascrizione IPA della pronuncia. Vedere l'alfabeto fonetico internazionale." class="IPA">[a]</span></a>, come in italiano </td></tr> <tr> <td>kasra, ـِ </td> <td>اِ </td> <td>i breve </td> <td>e, come in italiano </td></tr> <tr> <td>damma, ـُ </td> <td>اُ </td> <td>u breve </td> <td>o, come in italiano </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>In ogni caso, non ci sono vocali pronunciate brevemente o lungamente in persiano, anche se l'uso degli accenti arabi può generare confusione quando la <i>a</i>, la <i>o</i> e la <i>e</i> vengono definite "vocali brevi" in senso lato. Va osservato che storicamente il persiano aveva una distinzione tra vocali brevi e lunghe, che però è andata persa nel persiano moderno. </p><p>Si potrebbe anche osservare che molte parole persiane con radicale araba sono pronunciate diversamente dalla parola araba originale. La <i>alef con hamza sottostante</i> ( إ ) muta sempre in una semplice <i>alef</i> ( ا ); la <i>teh marbuta</i> ( ة ) di norma, ma non sempre, si trasforma in una <i>teh</i> (l'araba <i>tāʾ tawīla</i> ) ( ت ) o <i>heh</i> ( ه ) (araba <i>hāʾ hafīfa</i> ); mentre le parole che presentano un certo tipo di <i>hamza</i> in una parola derivante dall'arabo sono pronunciate diversamente, senza impiegare il "colpo di glottide" altrimenti necessario per la corretta pronuncia della <i>hamza</i> araba (cosicché مسؤول diventa مسئول). </p><p>Altre lingue come il <a href="/wiki/Lingua_pashtu" title="Lingua pashtu">pashtu</a> o l'<a href="/wiki/Lingua_urdu" title="Lingua urdu">urdu</a> hanno acquisito tali nozioni e hanno talora aggiunto ulteriori lettere al loro alfabeto e ulteriori tipi di puntuazioni diacritiche. </p><p>Ci sono molte parole straniere in persiano, provenienti dall'<a href="/wiki/Lingua_araba" title="Lingua araba">arabo</a>, dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_turca" title="Lingua turca">turco</a> e, in misura minore, dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_francese" title="Lingua francese">francese</a> e dall'<a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglese</a>. </p><p>Nello standard <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, il persiano utilizza uno pseudo-spazio da aggiungere alla scritta araba, chiamato <i>Zero Width Non-Joiner (ZWNJ)</i>, ossia "larghezza zero non connettiva". Esso funziona come uno spazio per separare due lettere adiacenti altrimenti da unire, ma non ha una larghezza visivamente percettibile, e non è considerato un separatore di parola dai programmi che segmentano il testo. </p><p><i>Pinglish</i> è il nome dato alla lingua dei testi elettronici scritti in persiano con <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_latino" title="Alfabeto latino">alfabeto latino</a>, a cui si ricorre nelle <a href="/wiki/E-mail" class="mw-redirect" title="E-mail">e-mail</a>, nei <a href="/wiki/Forum_(Internet)" title="Forum (Internet)">forum</a> e nelle <a href="/wiki/Chat" title="Chat">chat</a>. Non esiste uno standard ufficiale per trascrivere il persiano in alfabeto latino, e la questione può essere considerata politicamente controversa in Iran in quanto l'alfabeto arabo è considerato parte del bagaglio culturale <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamico</a>. Il pinglish è considerato, indipendentemente dalle opinioni politiche, uno stile di scrittura molto informale, inappropriato per corrispondenze ufficiali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/persian.htm#persian"><span style="font-style:italic;">Omniglot</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">omniglot.com</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/guides/ethnologue200"><span style="font-style:italic;">What are the top 200 most spoken languages?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Ethnologue</span>, 3 ottobre 2018. <small>URL consultato il 27 maggio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070612213308/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ti.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tajikistan</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">The World Factbook</span>, Central Intelligence Agency. <small>URL consultato il 3 dicembre 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ti.html">url originale</abbr> il 12 giugno 2007)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/af00000_.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Afghanistan Constitution - Article 16 Languages</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">servat.unibe.ch</span>. <small>URL consultato il 30 novembre 2012</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=prs"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ethnologue report for Farsi, Eastern</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ethnologue.com</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=pes"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ethnologue report for Farsi, Western</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ethnologue.com</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Alessandro Coletti, <span style="font-style:italic;">Grammatica della lingua persiana</span> (pubblicazione fotostatica), Roma, Nuova Cultura, 2007, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-6134-193-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-6134-193-4">88-6134-193-4</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_D%27Erme" title="Giovanni Maria D'Erme">Giovanni Maria D'Erme</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">Grammatica del neopersiano</span>, Napoli, Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli, 1979, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/SBL0345923">IT\ICCU\SBL\0345923</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(filologo)" title="William Jones (filologo)">William Jones</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">A Grammar of the Persian Language</span>, London, W. and J. Richardson, 1771, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/TO0E037962">IT\ICCU\TO0E\037962</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) William Jones, <span style="font-style:italic;">A Grammar of the Persian Language</span>, a cura di Samuel Lee, 9ª ed., London, W. Nicol, 1828, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/IEIE003481">IT\ICCU\IEIE\003481</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/Ann_Lambton" title="Ann Lambton">Ann K. S. Lambton</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">Persian Grammar</span>, Cambridge, The University Press, 1967, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/UBO2988273">IT\ICCU\UBO\2988273</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Daniela Meneghini Correale e Paola Orsatti, <span style="font-style:italic;">Corso di lingua persiana</span>, Milano, Hoepli, 2012, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-203-5134-2" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-203-5134-2">978-88-203-5134-2</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Angelo Michele Piemontese, <span style="font-style:italic;">Grammatica persiana <span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal">in nuce</span></span> (supplemento n. 1 alla <i><a href="/wiki/Rivista_degli_Studi_Orientali" title="Rivista degli Studi Orientali">Rivista degli Studi Orientali</a></i>, vol. LXXVII), Pisa/Roma, Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali, 2004, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/UFI0466628">IT\ICCU\UFI\0466628</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Ettore_Rossi_(orientalista)" title="Ettore Rossi (orientalista)">Ettore Rossi</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">Grammatica di persiano moderno: con esercizi, vocabolarietti e note di metrica</span>, Roma, Istituto per l'Oriente, 1947, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/LO10447642">IT\ICCU\LO1\0447642</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voce da controllare"><img alt="Voce da controllare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento lingue è ritenuta <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Voci_da_controllare" title="Aiuto:Voci da controllare">da controllare</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"><b>Motivo</b>: <i>troppe</i> <div class="noprint"><hr />Partecipa alla <a href="/wiki/Discussione:Lingua_persiana" title="Discussione:Lingua persiana">discussione</a> e/o <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit">correggi</a> la voce. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Lingue" class="mw-redirect" title="Progetto:Lingue">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_aramaico" title="Alfabeto aramaico">Alfabeto aramaico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storia_dell%27alfabeto" title="Storia dell'alfabeto">Storia dell'alfabeto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_fenicio" title="Alfabeto fenicio">Alfabeto fenicio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storia_della_scrittura" title="Storia della scrittura">Storia della scrittura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_aramaica" title="Lingua aramaica">Lingua aramaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingue_orientali_bibliche" title="Lingue orientali bibliche">Lingue orientali bibliche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingue_giudaiche" title="Lingue giudaiche">Lingue giudaiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testo_masoretico" title="Testo masoretico">Testo masoretico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codice_di_Aleppo" title="Codice di Aleppo">Codice di Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letteratura_israeliana" title="Letteratura israeliana">Letteratura israeliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_arabo" title="Alfabeto arabo">Alfabeto arabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_araba" title="Lingua araba">Lingua araba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_urdu" title="Alfabeto urdu">Alfabeto urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_arabo-persiano" title="Alfabeto arabo-persiano">Alfabeto arabo-persiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawi" title="Jawi">Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_hausa" title="Lingua hausa">Lingua hausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibbia" title="Bibbia">Bibbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corano" title="Corano">Corano</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Collabora a Wikipedia"><img alt="Collabora a Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/18px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/36px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> dispone di un'edizione in <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="fa:"><b>lingua persiana</b> (fa.wikipedia.org)</a></li></ul> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lingua_persiana" class="extiw" title="q:Lingua persiana">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Persian language"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Persian_language?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lingua_persiana" class="extiw" title="q:Lingua persiana">persiano</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Persian_language?uselang=it">persiano</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/neopersiano"><span style="font-style:italic;">neopersiano</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9168#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Persian-language"><span style="font-style:italic;">Persian language</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9168#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/persian_language"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere riguardanti Lingua persiana</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9168#P3847" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEthnologue" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/fas"><span style="font-style:italic;">Lingua persiana</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Ethnologue: Languages of the World</span>, <a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9168#P1627" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121209222040/http://persianlanguage.ir/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Lingua persiana</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">persianlanguage.ir</span>. <small>URL consultato il 31 ottobre 2018</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://persianlanguage.ir">url originale</abbr> il 9 dicembre 2012)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jahanshiri.ir/pvc/it/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Coniugatore dei verbi persiani</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">jahanshiri.ir</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110308150739/http://www.dictionary-farsi.com/default.asp"><span style="font-style:italic;">English/Farsi-Farsi/English, traduttore on-line</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">dictionary-farsi.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 18 settembre 2010</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.dictionary-farsi.com/default.asp">url originale</abbr> l'8 marzo 2011)</small>.</cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ibexpub.com/">[1]</a> Sito di <i><a href="/wiki/Ibex_(casa_editrice)" title="Ibex (casa editrice)">Ibex Publishers</a></i>, casa editrice statunitense specializzata in lingua e letteratura persiana</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=12822">12822</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100070">sh85100070</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4065403-5">4065403-5</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119365051">cb119365051</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119365051">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007536485405171">987007536485405171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569099">00569099</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_map_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iran"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_map_of_Iran.svg/25px-Flag_map_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_map_of_Iran.svg/38px-Flag_map_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_map_of_Iran.svg/50px-Flag_map_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Iran" title="Portale:Iran">Portale Iran</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal128-kanagram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Linguistica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Crystal128-kanagram.svg/25px-Crystal128-kanagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Crystal128-kanagram.svg/38px-Crystal128-kanagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Crystal128-kanagram.svg/50px-Crystal128-kanagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Linguistica" title="Portale:Linguistica">Portale Linguistica</a></b></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&oldid=140033768">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lingua_persiana&oldid=140033768</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Lingua_persiana" title="Categoria:Lingua persiana">Lingua persiana</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Controllare_-_lingue" title="Categoria:Controllare - lingue">Controllare - lingue</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Controllare_-_agosto_2023" title="Categoria:Controllare - agosto 2023">Controllare - agosto 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P3365_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P3365 letta da Wikidata">P3365 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P1417_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P1417 letta da Wikidata">P1417 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P3847_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P3847 letta da Wikidata">P3847 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P1627_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P1627 letta da Wikidata">P1627 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_Thesaurus_BNCF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF">Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_NDL" title="Categoria:Voci con codice NDL">Voci con codice NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 4 lug 2024 alle 15:11.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; 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