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<li id="toc-Early_history_and_Portuguese_domination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history_and_Portuguese_domination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history and Portuguese domination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history_and_Portuguese_domination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dutch_colony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dutch_colony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dutch colony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dutch_colony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history_and_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history_and_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Recent history and independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history_and_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administrative_division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Administrative division</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Local government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Place_of_worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Place_of_worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Place of worship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Place_of_worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kupang</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koepang" title="Koepang – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koepang" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA" title="كوبانغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوبانغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupanq" title="Kupanq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kupanq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کوپانگ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوپانگ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuta_Kupang" title="Kuta Kupang – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kuta Kupang" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang_Chh%C4%AB" title="Kupang Chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kupang Chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Indonesya)" title="Kupang (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kupang (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Κούπανγκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κούπανγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupango" title="Kupango – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kupango" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کوپانگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوپانگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%ED%8C%A1_(%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%9C)" title="쿠팡 (도시) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿠팡 (도시)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutha_Kupang" title="Kutha Kupang – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutha Kupang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="კუპანგი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კუპანგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupana" title="Kupana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kupana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupangas" title="Kupangas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kupangas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="കുപ്പാങ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കുപ്പാങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="კუპანგი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კუპანგი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kupang" title="Kota Kupang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kota Kupang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ကူပန်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကူပန်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang_(stadsgemeente)" title="Kupang (stadsgemeente) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kupang (stadsgemeente)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3" title="クパン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クパン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang_shaxri" title="Kupang shaxri – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kupang shaxri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کوپانگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوپانگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cup%C3%A3o" title="Cupão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cupão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D2%A3" title="Купаң – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Купаң" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="กูปัง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กูปัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Купанг – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Купанг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کوپانگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوپانگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%82%A6" title="古邦 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="古邦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%82%A6" title="古邦 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="古邦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%82%A6" title="古邦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古邦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang_Kota" title="Kupang Kota – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kupang Kota" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kupang" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14155#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kupang&params=10_10_12.6_S_123_36_27.9_E_region:ID_type:city(444661)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°10′12.6″S</span> <span class="longitude">123°36′27.9″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.170167°S 123.607750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-10.170167; 123.607750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and capital of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city. For the regency, see <a href="/wiki/Kupang_Regency" title="Kupang Regency">Kupang Regency</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kupang_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kupang (disambiguation)">Kupang (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kupang</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Kupang<br /><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Kota Kupang</span></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="border:1;;height:145px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg/268px-Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg/402px-Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg/536px-Sasando_Building_Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="433" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:126px;max-width:126px"><div style="border:1;;height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG/124px-Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG/186px-Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG/248px-Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div style="border:1;;height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/140px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/210px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/280px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3186" data-file-height="2110" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="border:1;;height:74px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kupang.jpg/132px-Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kupang.jpg/198px-Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kupang.jpg/264px-Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="border:1;;height:74px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/132px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/198px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/264px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Clockwise, from above; <a href="/wiki/Sasando_Building" title="Sasando Building">Sasando Building</a>, Kupang seen from above, and Kupang lighthouse</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kupang_City.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kupang"><img alt="Flag of Kupang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Kupang_City.png/100px-Flag_of_Kupang_City.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Kupang_City.png/150px-Flag_of_Kupang_City.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Kupang_City.png/200px-Flag_of_Kupang_City.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1707" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Kupang"><img alt="Coat of arms of Kupang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg/82px-Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg/122px-Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg/163px-Lambang_Kota_Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="1082" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Helong-language text"><i lang="heg">Lil Au Nol Dael Banan</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Helong_language" title="Helong language">Helong</a>)</span><br />(Build me with a sincere heart)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location within East Nusa Tenggara"><img alt="Location within East Nusa Tenggara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg/250px-Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg/375px-Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg/500px-Lokasi_Nusa_Tenggara_Timur_Kota_Kupang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="756" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location within <a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">OpenStreetMap</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_d066da2eae57ecac6623424f794e7ad34d1469b3"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kupang&revid=1258775976&groups=_d066da2eae57ecac6623424f794e7ad34d1469b3" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kupang&revid=1258775976&groups=_d066da2eae57ecac6623424f794e7ad34d1469b3 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Timor.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kupang is located in Timor"><img alt="Kupang is located in Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Timor.png/250px-Timor.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Timor.png/375px-Timor.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Timor.png/500px-Timor.png 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="1006" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:73.86%;left:22.968%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kupang"><img alt="Kupang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Kupang</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Timor</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kupang is located in Lesser Sunda Islands"><img alt="Kupang is located in Lesser Sunda Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg/250px-Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg/375px-Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg/500px-Indonesia_Lesser_Sunda_Islands_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1323" data-file-height="668" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.896%;left:83.998%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kupang"><img alt="Kupang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Kupang</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Lesser Sunda Islands</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kupang is located in Indonesia"><img alt="Kupang is located in Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/250px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/375px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/500px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="460" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:92.612%;left:61.931%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kupang"><img alt="Kupang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Kupang</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Indonesia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kupang&params=10_10_12.6_S_123_36_27.9_E_region:ID_type:city(444661)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°10′12.6″S</span> <span class="longitude">123°36′27.9″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.170167°S 123.607750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-10.170167; 123.607750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Indonesia" title="Regions of Indonesia">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1886</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1978</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City Status</th><td class="infobox-data">11 April 1996</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jefri_Riwu_Kore" title="Jefri Riwu Kore">Jefri Riwu Kore</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermanus_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermanus Man (page does not exist)">Hermanus Man</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">180.27 km<sup>2</sup> (69.60 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">62 m (203 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(mid 2023 estimate)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">444,661</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,500/km<sup>2</sup> (6,400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data"><sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Indonesia" title="Time in Indonesia">Central Indonesia Standard Time</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Indonesia" title="Telephone numbers in Indonesia">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(+62) 380</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Indonesia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">DH</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.802 (<span style="color:Darkgreen;">Very high</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kupangkota.go.id">kupangkota<wbr />.go<wbr />.id</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kupang</b> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">Kota Kupang</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Indonesian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="id-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" title="Help:IPA/Malay">[ˈkupaŋ]</a></span>), formerly known as <b>Koepang</b> or <b>Coupang</b>, is the capital of the Indonesian province of <a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/2020_Indonesian_census" title="2020 Indonesian census">2020 Census</a>, it had a population of 442,758;<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 444,661.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the largest city and port (actually the <b>only</b> independent city in the province) on the island of <a href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a>, and is a part of the <a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste%E2%80%93Indonesia%E2%80%93Australia_Growth_Triangle" title="Timor Leste–Indonesia–Australia Growth Triangle">Timor Leste–Indonesia–Australia Growth Triangle</a> <a href="/wiki/Free_trade_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Free trade zone">free trade zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geographically, Kupang is the southernmost city in Indonesia. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Haven_van_Kupang_TMnr_10010359.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>The harbor of Kupang in the early 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Residentiehuis_Koepang_TMnr_60022905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="469" /></a><figcaption>The house of the Resident of Timor in the early 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history_and_Portuguese_domination">Early history and Portuguese domination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history and Portuguese domination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kupang was an important port and trading post during the <a href="/wiki/The_Portuguese_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Portuguese in Indonesia">Portuguese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch</a> colonial eras. There are still ruins and remnants of the colonial presence in the city. </p><p>Representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> (VOC) first encountered Kupang in 1613 after having conquered the Portuguese fort on the island of <a href="/wiki/Solor" title="Solor">Solor</a>. At this time the area of the city was governed by a <a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Helong_people" title="Helong people">Helong tribe</a>, who claimed descent from the island of <a href="/wiki/Seram_Island" title="Seram Island">Ceram</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku archipelago</a>. Kupang occupied an ideal strategic position to exercise control over parts of Timor since it was possible to monitor shipping activities along the south coast of the island from the location. Moreover, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koinino_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koinino River (page does not exist)">Koinino River</a> provided a supply of fresh water for the city. </p><p>An agreement was reached between the VOC and the Helong tribe, but due to a lack of VOC presence in Timor, Kupang was heavily influenced by the Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a> population of <a href="/wiki/Flores" title="Flores">Flores</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Topasses" title="Topasses">Topasses</a>, which led to the establishment of a Portuguese stronghold by the 1640s. However, by 1646, the VOC was firmly established on the nearby island of Solor and renewed their agreement with the local Raja of Kupang.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 1653, a Dutch fortification, Fort Concordia, was built on an elevated position on the left bank of the river estuary. Kupang then became the base of the Dutch struggle against the Portuguese. After a series of defeats were inflicted on the Dutch between 1655 and 1657, large groups of refugees from the neighbouring VOC allies of the <a href="/wiki/Sonbai" title="Sonbai">Sonbai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amabi" title="Amabi">Amabi</a> principalities settled into the vicinity of Kupang and formed small polities on land that had traditionally belonged to the Helong. They were followed by two other groups, the Amfoan and the Taebenu, who arrived in 1683 and 1688, respectively. The Helong Raja remained the "Lord of the Land" (<i>tuan tanah</i>) but remained closely dependent on VOC authorities. However, apart from the territory of the Helong, the island of Timor was largely dominated by the Portuguese until 1749.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dutch_colony">Dutch colony</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dutch colony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dutch established a European-modelled administration with a <a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_Residents_of_Dutch_Timor" title="List of colonial Residents of Dutch Timor">chief executive</a> (<i>opperhoofd</i>) and a council, which regulated affairs with the indigenous population through regular meetings (<i>vergaderingen</i>), and also handled affairs with the nearby VOC-allied islands of <a href="/wiki/Rote_Island" title="Rote Island">Rote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savu" title="Savu">Savu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Solor" title="Solor">Solor</a>. Chinese traders and artisans were settled by the early 18th century and soon became an indispensable part of the local economy. The area of the town was also settled by various indigenous groups from the region, and by <a href="/wiki/Mardijker_people" title="Mardijker people">mardijkers</a> (who were the descendants of freed slaves under Dutch jurisdiction). In 1752, the population consisted of 827 Christians and an unspecified number of non-Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The political importance of Kupang increased greatly in 1749 when the Topasses were decisively defeated by the Dutch and their allies, which led to the extension of VOC influence over wide areas of western and central Timor. Nevertheless, Dutch influence on the island was somewhat diminished after 1761 due to incompetence and inaction on the part of the colonial administration. </p><p>Kupang was the final destination of <a href="/wiki/William_Bligh" title="William Bligh">William Bligh</a>, who was set adrift in an open boat following the <a href="/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty" title="Mutiny on the Bounty">Mutiny on the Bounty</a> (1789). After travelling 3,618 nautical miles (6,710 km) from the Tonga Islands over 41 days, Bligh landed in Kupang on 14 June.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> News of his journey inspired a small party of nine convicts and two children to escape from the penal colony at <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Cove" title="Sydney Cove">Sydney Cove</a>, Australia, they escaped from <a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Port Jackson</a>, Australia, and arrived at Kupang after ten weeks,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having travelled 3,254 nautical miles (6,026 km) in an open boat.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>VOC positions in the <a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a> were attacked by British Forces following the <a href="/wiki/Batavian_Republic" title="Batavian Republic">occupation of the Netherlands</a> by French revolutionary armies in 1795. Kupang was assaulted in 1797, and the British were eventually expelled, although the town suffered extensive damage. Another British attack in 1811 was similarly defeated. After the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Java_(1811)" title="Invasion of Java (1811)">British occupation of Java</a>, Kupang finally surrendered in January 1812, and the town was returned to the Dutch in 1816 following the end of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. </p><p>The politics of the city in the early 19th century were dominated by Jacobus Arnoldus Hazaart, who governed Dutch Timor as a <i>Resident</i> in three terms between 1810 and 1832 and handled matters with little interference from the colonial government in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Batavia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his tenure, the Christian mission in the city experienced greater success than before, partially through the efforts of the missionary Reint LeBruyn (1799-1829). The town was opened to foreign trade in 1825, and fees were abolished three years later. Kupang's subsequent popularity with British and North American <a href="/wiki/Whale_hunters" class="mw-redirect" title="Whale hunters">whalers</a> was diminished by the late 19th century after the relocation of whaling areas, although the city was a <a href="/wiki/Free_port" class="mw-redirect" title="Free port">free port</a> after 1866.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1917, the five small kingdoms that surrounded the town area (the Helong kingdoms of Kupang, <a href="/wiki/Sonbai_Kecil" title="Sonbai Kecil">Sonbai Kecil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amabi" title="Amabi">Amabi</a>, Taebenu, and Funai) were merged into the <i>zelfbesturend landschap</i> (self-ruling territory) of Kupang in 1917, which, despite the name, did not include the city itself. From 1918 to 1955 Kupang was governed by the Nisnoni family, a branch of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonbai_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonbai Dynasty (page does not exist)">Sonbai Dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history_and_independence">Recent history and independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Recent history and independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city was used for landing and refueling by long-distance flights between Europe and Australia. It was under <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Japanese occupation</a> between 1942 and 1945, and much of the Old Town was destroyed by Allied bombing. The city saw significant nationalist agitation but remained otherwise peaceful during the period of the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian revolution">Indonesian revolution</a> (1945-1949). Kupang was later part of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_East_Indonesia" title="State of East Indonesia">State of East Indonesia</a> and was established by the Dutch authorities in 1946, and the area of the city was included in the <i>zelfbesturend landschap</i> of Kupang. The city, along with the state of East Indonesia was later annexed into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a> in 1949, which was replaced by the current <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Republic of Indonesia</a> in 1950. </p><p>The city later became an important location in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Timorese conflict</a>. In 1967, the city became the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Kupang" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kupang">Diocese of Kupang</a>. In 1989, the <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a> was elevated to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Kupang" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kupang">Archdiocese of Kupang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2021, the city was heavily damaged by Tropical <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Seroja" title="Cyclone Seroja">Cyclone Seroja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kupang is located on the southwestern tip of the island of Timor. It is solely bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Kupang_Regency" title="Kupang Regency">Kupang Regency</a> on land and on its northern shore by the <a href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</a>. It has a land area of 180.27 square kilometers (which is divided into six administrative districts), along with a water area of 94.79 square kilometers. The area around the city is geologically inactive, with soil composition characterised by non-volcanic materials such as <a href="/wiki/Latosol" title="Latosol">Latosol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terra_rossa_(soil)" title="Terra rossa (soil)">Terra rossa</a>. At its highest point, the city is 62 metres above sea level, with inclination varying from 0 - 5%.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The topography of the city is mostly low-lying but also includes groups of hills in the south and southwest, which has the effect of creating a relatively fertile <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">catchment area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, Kupang has a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">tropical savanna climate</a> (<i>Aw</i>). Unlike many cities with this climate, Kupang's temperature varies little between the summer season (October to March) and the winter season (April to September). The hottest month is October (with an average temperature of 28.8 °C or 83.8 °F), while the coolest is July (with an average temperature of 26.1 °C or 79.0 °F). The city experiences extreme <a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">wet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry seasons</a>, with January being the wettest month (with an average total rainfall of 386 millimetres or 15.20 inches), while August and September are the driest months (with an average of only 2 millimetres or 0.079 inches of rain in each month). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Kupang, West Timor, Indonesia (1961-1975) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4<br />(90.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br />(90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br />(92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8<br />(92.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1<br />(91.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4<br />(81.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">386<br />(15.2) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">347<br />(13.7) </td> <td style="background: #00A100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">234<br />(9.2) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #EFFFEF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F7FFF7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #E5FFE5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17<br />(0.7) </td> <td style="background: #7FFF7F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #00A400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">232<br />(9.1) </td> <td style="background: #4CFF4C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,413<br />(55.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.1 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.7 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">79.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #0000B5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">86 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">223 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">267 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">276 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">276 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">288 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">304 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">288 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">264 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,081 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Meteorological_Institute" title="Danish Meteorological Institute">Danish Meteorological Institute</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of its status as a provincial capital, Kupang has become a multi-ethnic city and is a popular destination for migration from neighbouring regions. The city's population increased by 31% from 2010 to 2020. In that year, the ratio of males to females in the city was 51 to 50. As with most Indonesian cities, the population is young, with 65% of the city's population classified in the potential productive workforce of people over 15 years of age. The predominant age group is in the range of 20 to 24 years old, which can be attributed to an influx of young migrant, which fell to 1.83s from other regions. The population growth in 2020 was approximately 3%, which fell to 1.83% per annum on average between 2020 and 2023. </p><p>The majority of the city's population identifies as Protestant (326,229). Smaller religious groups include Catholic (75,804), Muslim (44,419), <a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Hindu</a> (6,114), and Buddhist (205). <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">Life expectancy</a> in the city is 70 years, which, although slightly below the national level, is higher than the provincial figure.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/220px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/330px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg/440px-Night_at_Kupang_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Kupang city at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The largest contributor to the local economy is the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">service sector</a>, which provides 48.29% of the city's <a href="/wiki/Gross_regional_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross regional product">gross regional product</a> and provides employment for 79.34% of the city's workforce. Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">primary sector</a> (which comprises agriculture and mining) only provides 2.33% of the city's gross regional product. Other significant economic areas include construction (16.29%), transportation (9.42%), finance and insurance (7.38%), and real estate (3.03%). </p><p>This economic profile significantly differs from that of neighbouring regions, which still rely on agriculture and resource extraction as the primary contributor to their economies. The amount of land used for agriculture in Kupang decreased by 41% from 2018 to 2019, while the industrial sector grew by 11% in the same timeframe. Industrial facilities in the city include three <a href="/wiki/Cement_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Cement plant">cement plants</a> operated by <a href="/w/index.php?title=PT_Semen_Kupang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PT Semen Kupang (page does not exist)">PT Semen Kupang</a>, which, in total, produce approximately 250,000 tons per year. This figure, however, has been deemed insufficient by the local government, because the combined yearly cement needs for the province and the neighbouring country of East Timor exceed 1.8 million tons per year. This gave rise to a plan by the provincial government to <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">take over ownership</a> of PT Semen Kupang in 2020 to increase production.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city experienced <a href="/wiki/Deflation" title="Deflation">deflation</a> with an annual rate of 0.5% in 2019. The city experiences average annual <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a> figures that are slightly below the national average. As of 2018, there were 31 banks in the city, with credit percentage increases of 53% in the same year, which contributed to the rapid growth of the city's financial sector. In addition, there were 4,534 trade companies registered in the city. The city experienced high economic growth, with a figure of 10% in 2019, which was significantly above the national level. In that year, the <a href="/wiki/Unemployment_Rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Unemployment Rate">unemployment rate</a> was 9.78%.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_division">Administrative division</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Administrative division"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2021, Kupang was divided into six districts (<i>kecamatan</i>). The table below shows the area and population of each district according to the <a href="/wiki/2020_Indonesian_census" title="2020 Indonesian census">2020 Census</a><sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the official estimates as of mid-2023.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of <a href="/wiki/Administrative_village" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative village">administrative villages</a> (all classed as urban <i>kelurahan</i>) in each district, and its postcodes. </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kode <br />Wilayah</th> <th>Name of<br />District<br />(<i>kecamatan</i>)</th> <th>Area <br />in <br />km<sup>2</sup></th> <th>Pop'n<br />Census<br />2020</th> <th>Pop'on<br />Estimate<br />mid 2023</th> <th>Admin<br />centre</th> <th>No.<br />of<br />villages</th> <th>Post<br />codes </th></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.01</td> <td>Alak <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">86.91</td> <td align="right">76,908</td> <td align="right">80,931</td> <td>Penkase Oeleta</td> <td align="center">12</td> <td>85231 - 85239 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.02</td> <td>Maulafa <sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">54.80</td> <td align="right">97,976</td> <td align="right">102,547</td> <td>Maulafa</td> <td align="center">9</td> <td>85141 - 85148 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.04</td> <td>Oebobo <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">14.22</td> <td align="right">100,560</td> <td align="right">98,266</td> <td>Oebobo</td> <td align="center">7</td> <td>85111 - 85112 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.05</td> <td>Kota Raja <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">6.10</td> <td align="right">57,121</td> <td align="right">56,357</td> <td>Kota Raja</td> <td align="center">8</td> <td>85111 - 85119 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.03</td> <td>Kelapa Lima <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">15.02</td> <td align="right">75,486</td> <td align="right">71,544</td> <td>Kelapa Lima</td> <td align="center">5</td> <td>85228 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53.71.06</td> <td>Kota Lama <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="right">3.22</td> <td align="right">34,725</td> <td align="right">35,016</td> <td>Kota Lama</td> <td align="center">10</td> <td>85221 - 85229 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Totals</i></td> <td align="right"><i>180.27</i></td> <td align="right"><i>442,758</i></td> <td align="right"><i>444,661</i></td> <td></td> <td align="center"><i>51</i></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_government">Local government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Local government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As is standard among <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Indonesia" title="City status in Indonesia">Indonesian cities</a>, Kupang is governed as a second-level administrative division, which is run by an executive branch consisting of a mayor and vice mayor, and a legislative body in the form of a city parliament. This system of government is approximately equivalent to that of a <a href="/wiki/Regency_(Indonesia)" title="Regency (Indonesia)">regency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mayor, vice mayor, and members of the city parliament are elected by the population of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The district heads, however, are appointed directly by the mayor with the recommendation of the city secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is coterminous with the 1st electoral district of East Nusa Tenggara province (out of a total of 8 electoral districts in the province), which sends 6 members to the 65-seat provincial parliament. The city parliament is made up of 40 representatives, which are divided into five electoral districts. This division can be seen in the table below. The last legislative election was in <a href="/wiki/2019_Indonesian_general_election" title="2019 Indonesian general election">2019</a> and the next one is scheduled to be held in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the capital of East Nusa Tenggara province, the city is also home to the provincial parliament building and the governor's office.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Electoral District </th> <th>Comprising </th> <th>Representatives </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Kupang 1st </td> <td>Kota Raja District </td> <td align="center">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Kupang 2nd </td> <td>Kelapa Lima & Kota Lama Districts </td> <td align="center">11 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Kupang 3rd </td> <td>Oebobo District </td> <td align="center">9 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Kupang 4th </td> <td>Maulafa District </td> <td align="center">8 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Kupang 5th </td> <td>Alak District </td> <td align="center">6 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <td align="center"><b>40</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> As of 2021, there are 10 hospitals, 45 <a href="/wiki/Puskesmas" title="Puskesmas">puskesmas</a>, 15 <a href="/wiki/Polyclinic" title="Polyclinic">polyclinics</a>, and 33 <a href="/wiki/Pharmacy_(shop)" title="Pharmacy (shop)">pharmacies</a> in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two international-class hospitals in the city, which are <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Hospitals" title="Siloam Hospitals">Siloam Hospital</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang_Vertical_Technical_Implementation_Unit_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupang Vertical Technical Implementation Unit Hospital (page does not exist)">Kupang Vertical Technical Implementation Unit Hospital</a>. The latter is expected to become the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_referral_hospital" title="Tertiary referral hospital">tertiary referral hospital</a> of East Nusa Tenggara province and the neighbouring country of <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a> after its completion in June 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=W._Z._Johannes_Regional_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W. Z. Johannes Regional Hospital (page does not exist)">W. Z. Johannes Regional Public Hospital</a>, located in Oebobo district, is owned by the city government, while army hospitals run by the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian army">Indonesian Army</a> such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wirasakti_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wirasakti Hospital (page does not exist)">Wirasakti Hospital</a> (also located in Oebobo District) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Army_Hospital_(Kupang)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Army Hospital (Kupang) (page does not exist)">Naval Army Hospital</a> (located in Alak District) also provide public healthcare. The city contains several <a href="/wiki/Medical_laboratory" title="Medical laboratory">medical laboratories</a>, which are used for various purposes such as water and food testing, agricultural and animal health, and medical sample testing. Two biomolecular laboratories were inaugurated in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg/220px-RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg/330px-RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg/440px-RSUD_W_Z_Johannes_Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="538" /></a><figcaption>W. Z. Johannes Regional Hospital</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city contains 122 kindergartens, 150 elementary schools, 59 junior high schools, 42 senior high schools, 24 vocational high schools, and 16 higher education institutions. Oebobo District hosts the largest amount of schools, while Kota Lama District hosts the least.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most notable universities in the city is the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nusa_Cendana" title="University of Nusa Cendana">University of Nusa Cendana</a>, located in Kelapa Lima District, which is also the oldest university in the province. Other universities and higher education institutions include <a href="/wiki/Artha_Wacana_Christian_University" title="Artha Wacana Christian University">Artha Wacana Christian University</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Widya_Mandira_Catholic_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Widya Mandira Catholic University (page does not exist)">Widya Mandira Catholic University</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang_State_Polytech_of_Agriculture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupang State Polytech of Agriculture (page does not exist)">Kupang State Polytech of Agriculture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Place_of_worship">Place of worship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Place of worship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2021, the city contained 69 mosques, 327 churches, seven <a href="/wiki/Balinese_temple" title="Balinese temple">Hindu temples</a>, and one <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhist temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_tari_airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/El_tari_airport.jpg/220px-El_tari_airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/El_tari_airport.jpg/330px-El_tari_airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/El_tari_airport.jpg/440px-El_tari_airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>El Tari International Airport</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/220px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/330px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg/440px-Tenau_Port_Kupang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3186" data-file-height="2110" /></a><figcaption>Tenau Port, Kupang</figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2021, there were a total of 1,665.93 kilometers of road within the city, of which 1,423.05 kilometers had been paved with asphalt.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is served by <a href="/wiki/El_Tari_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="El Tari International Airport">El Tari International Airport</a>, which in 2019 saw 936,159 arrivals and 992,048 departures. The main port of the city, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenau_International_Port&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenau International Port (page does not exist)">Tenau International Port</a>, saw 176,888 arrivals and 204,919 departures.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the port also saw a total movement of 234,945 tons of goods in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2020, the city launched its first <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus rapid transit system</a> to improve public transportation in the city, especially for students. The BRT system, named <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans_Kota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trans Kota (page does not exist)">Trans Kota</a>, has four lines and operates from 08:00 to 16:00. However, this was met with opposition from owners and drivers of local <a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">share taxi services</a>, on the grounds that a BRT system would threaten their jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is also served by app-based <a href="/wiki/Ride-hailing_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Ride-hailing service">ride-hailing services</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Grab_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grab (company)">Grab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gojek" title="Gojek">Gojek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_Residents_of_Dutch_Timor" title="List of colonial Residents of Dutch Timor">List of colonial Residents of Dutch Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Timor">History of Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">List of regencies and cities of Indonesia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618182128/http://population.mongabay.com/population/indonesia/2057087/kupang">"Population of Kupang, Indonesia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://population.mongabay.com/population/indonesia/2057087/kupang">the original</a> on 18 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Kupang%2C+Indonesia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.mongabay.com%2Fpopulation%2Findonesia%2F2057087%2Fkupang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKupang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, <i>Kota Kupang Dalam Angka 2024</i> (sum of returns from District Katalogs as referenced below)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/26/413/1/-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html">"[Metode Baru] Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2021-2022"</a>. <i>Badan Pusat Statistik</i> (in Indonesian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Badan+Pusat+Statistik&rft.atitle=%5BMetode+Baru%5D+Indeks+Pembangunan+Manusia+2021-2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bps.go.id%2Findicator%2F26%2F413%2F1%2F-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKupang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=14966&lang=en">"Boosting Growth through the Growth Triangle « Government of Timor-Leste"</a>. <i>timor-leste.gov.tl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=timor-leste.gov.tl&rft.atitle=Boosting+Growth+through+the+Growth+Triangle+%C2%AB+Government+of+Timor-Leste&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimor-leste.gov.tl%2F%3Fp%3D14966%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKupang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arend de Roever, <i>De jacht op sandelhout: De VOC en de tweedeling van Timor in de zeventiende eeuw</i> (Zutphen 2002), pp. 105-255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hans Hägerdal, <i>Lords of the land, lords of the sea: Conflict and adaptation in early colonial Timor, 1600-1800</i> (Leiden 2012), pp. 199-309.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hans Hägerdal 2012, p. 254.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15411/15411-h/15411-h.htm#ch13">"A Voyage to the South Sea"</a>. <i>gutenberg.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gutenberg.org&rft.atitle=A+Voyage+to+the+South+Sea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F15411%2F15411-h%2F15411-h.htm%23ch13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKupang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T. Kenealy, <i>Commonwealth of Thieves</i> (Random House Australia 2005), p. 353.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15411/15411-h/15411-h.htm#ch18">"A Voyage to the South Sea"</a>. <i>gutenberg.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gojek.com&rft.atitle=Kini+GO-JEK+Telah+Hadir+di+25+Kota+Baru+di+Indonesia+%7C+Gojek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gojek.com%2Fblog%2Fgojek%2Fkini-go-jek-telah-hadir-di-25-kota-baru-di-indonesia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKupang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupang&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="Template:East Nusa Tenggara"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="Template talk:East Nusa Tenggara"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="Special:EditPage/Template:East Nusa Tenggara"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regencies_and_cities_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regencies and cities of <a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kupang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align: top"><a href="/wiki/Regency_(Indonesia)" title="Regency (Indonesia)">Regencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;vertical-align: top"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alor_Regency" title="Alor Regency">Alor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belu_Regency" title="Belu Regency">Belu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Sumba_Regency" title="Central Sumba Regency">Central Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Flores_Regency" title="East Flores Regency">East Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Manggarai_Regency" title="East Manggarai Regency">East Manggarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sumba_Regency" title="East Sumba Regency">East Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ende_Regency" title="Ende Regency">Ende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupang_Regency" title="Kupang Regency">Kupang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lembata_Regency" title="Lembata Regency">Lembata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaka_Regency" title="Malaka Regency">Malaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manggarai_Regency" title="Manggarai Regency">Manggarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagekeo_Regency" title="Nagekeo Regency">Nagekeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngada_Regency" title="Ngada Regency">Ngada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Timor_Regency" title="North Central Timor Regency">North Central Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rote_Ndao_Regency" title="Rote Ndao Regency">Rote Ndao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabu_Raijua_Regency" title="Sabu Raijua Regency">Sabu Raijua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikka_Regency" title="Sikka Regency">Sikka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Timor_Regency" title="South Central Timor Regency">South Central Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Sumba_Regency" title="Southwest Sumba Regency">Southwest Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Manggarai_Regency" title="West Manggarai Regency">West Manggarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Sumba_Regency" title="West Sumba Regency">West Sumba</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of East Nusa Tenggara"><img alt="Seal of East Nusa Tenggara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara_NEW.png 2x" data-file-width="1033" data-file-height="1093" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align: top"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Indonesia" title="City status in Indonesia">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;vertical-align: top"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kupang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">List of regencies and cities of Indonesia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_Related_to_Kupang" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_Related_to_Kupang" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles Related to Kupang</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Provincial</a> capitals in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Aceh" title="Banda Aceh">Banda Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Lampung" title="Bandar Lampung">Bandar Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu_(city)" title="Bengkulu (city)">Bengkulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambi_(city)" title="Jambi (city)">Jambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medan" title="Medan">Medan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangkalpinang" title="Pangkalpinang">Pangkalpinang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekanbaru" title="Pekanbaru">Pekanbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjungpinang" title="Tanjungpinang">Tanjungpinang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palangka_Raya" title="Palangka Raya">Palangka Raya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Selor" title="Tanjung Selor">Tanjung Selor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kupang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mataram_(city)" title="Mataram (city)">Mataram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_(city)" title="Gorontalo (city)">Gorontalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendari" title="Kendari">Kendari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamuju_(city)" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambon,_Maluku" title="Ambon, Maluku">Ambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofifi" title="Sofifi">Sofifi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Papua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Jayapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manokwari" title="Manokwari">Manokwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salor_Indah,_Kurik,_Merauke" title="Salor Indah, Kurik, Merauke">Salor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanggar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanggar (page does not exist)">Wanggar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorong" title="Sorong">Sorong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayawijaya_Regency" title="Jayawijaya Regency">Jayawijaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former provincial capitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaraja" title="Singaraja">Singaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternate" title="Ternate">Ternate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Indonesia&#124;link=Indonesia_Indonesian_cities_with_a_200,000+_population" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Indonesia&#124;link=Indonesia_Indonesian_cities_with_a_200,000+_population" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_population" title="List of Indonesian cities by population">Indonesian cities with a 200,000+ population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000 and above</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekasi" title="Bekasi">Bekasi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Medan" title="Medan">Medan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depok" title="Depok">Depok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000–1,999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batam" title="Batam">Batam</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Lampung" title="Bandar Lampung">Bandar Lampung</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pekanbaru" title="Pekanbaru">Pekanbaru</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malang" title="Malang">Malang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasikmalaya" title="Tasikmalaya">Tasikmalaya</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jambi_(city)" title="Jambi (city)">Jambi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimahi" title="Cimahi">Cimahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a></b></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kupang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mataram_(city)" title="Mataram (city)">Mataram</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Jayapura</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu_(city)" title="Bengkulu (city)">Bengkulu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ambon,_Maluku" title="Ambon, Maluku">Ambon</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukabumi" title="Sukabumi">Sukabumi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kendari" title="Kendari">Kendari</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumai" title="Dumai">Dumai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekalongan" title="Pekalongan">Pekalongan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–299,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Palangka_Raya" title="Palangka Raya">Palangka Raya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kediri_(city)" title="Kediri (city)">Kediri</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sorong" title="Sorong">Sorong</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegal" title="Tegal">Tegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pematangsiantar" title="Pematangsiantar">Pematang Siantar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Banda_Aceh" title="Banda Aceh">Banda Aceh</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakan" title="Tarakan">Tarakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probolinggo" title="Probolinggo">Probolinggo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singkawang" title="Singkawang">Singkawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubuklinggau" title="Lubuklinggau">Lubuklinggau</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tanjungpinang" title="Tanjungpinang">Tanjungpinang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitung" title="Bitung">Bitung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padangsidempuan" title="Padangsidempuan">Padangsidempuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangkal_Pinang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangkal Pinang">Pangkal Pinang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu,_East_Java" title="Batu, East Java">Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madiun" title="Madiun">Madiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuruan" title="Pasuruan">Pasuruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternate" title="Ternate">Ternate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar,_West_Java" title="Banjar, West Java">Banjar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Note: <b>Bold</b> indicates provincial capital</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14155#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14155#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14155#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157113976">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1312976/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJy8rk4Ft7fMFvGg9M7mBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4653822-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81039867">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007557318205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/e7fdffa2-2cd3-42f2-acf4-400aebbf0238">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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