CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="ms" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Lihat sumber bagi Laman Utama - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januari","Februari","Mac","April","Mei","Jun","Julai","Ogos","September","Oktober","November","Disember"],"wgRequestId":"1f40fb24-763a-4d66-9f2a-ff3f27d107dc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Laman_Utama","wgTitle":"Laman Utama","wgCurRevisionId":4885379,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":4,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"edit","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ms","wgPageContentLanguage":"ms","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Laman_Utama","wgRelevantArticleId":4,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["sysop"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgIsMainPage":true,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ms","pageLanguageDir" :"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ms"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":300,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.charinsert.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.edit.collapsibleFooter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.charinsert","ext.gadget.teahouse","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.watchlist-notice","ext.gadget.DRN-wizard","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.MenuKedaiKopi","ext.gadget.mySandbox","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.featured-articles-links","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=ext.charinsert.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg/1200px-Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="943"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg/800px-Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="628"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg/640px-Crowds_of_French_patriots_line_the_Champs_Elysees-edit2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="503"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Lihat sumber bagi Laman Utama - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ms.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utama"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ms)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ms.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utama"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Suapan Atom Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Perubahan_terkini&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Laman_Utama page-Main_Page rootpage-Laman_Utama skin-vector-2022 action-edit"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pergi ke kandungan</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pandu arah </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Laman-Utama" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama"><span>Laman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Tinjau" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinjau"><span>Tinjau</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hal_semasa" title="Cari maklumat latar belakang mengenai peristiwa semasa"><span>Hal semasa</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Rawak" title="Muat laman rawak [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rencana rawak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Perhubungan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Tentang-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Gerbang-komuniti" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gerbang_Komuniti"><span>Gerbang komuniti</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_terkini" title="Senarai perubahan terkini dalam wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Menderma" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Menderma</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Tempat mencari jawapan"><span>Bantuan</span></a></li><li id="n-Kedai-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kedai_Kopi"><span>Kedai Kopi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ms.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Cari" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di wiki ini [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cari</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cari Wikipedia" aria-label="Cari Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di wiki ini [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Khas:Cari"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Alat peribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Tukar penampilan saiz, lebar dan warna fon laman" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Penampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Penampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Laman+Utama&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Laman+Utama&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Laman+Utama&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Laman+Utama&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Lihat sumber bagi Laman Utama</h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Laman utama</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan:Laman_Utama" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=edit" title="Laman ini dilindungi. Anda boleh melihat sumbernya. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Lihat sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=edit"><span>Lihat sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Laman_Utama" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Laman_Utama" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLaman_Utama%26action%3Dedit"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLaman_Utama%26action%3Dedit"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5296" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" title="Laman Utama">Laman Utama</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>Anda tidak mempunyai keizinan untuk menyunting laman ini, atas sebab-sebab berikut: </p> <ul class="permissions-errors"><li class="mw-permissionerror-protectedpagetext">Laman ini telah dikunci untuk melarang penyuntingan atau sebarang tindakan yang lain.</li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Your IP address is in a range that has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis</a>.</b> Sekatan dilakukan oleh <a href="/wiki/Pengguna:Jon_Kolbert" title="Pengguna:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. Alasannya ialah <i><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </i>. <ul><li>Tarikh bermula sekatan: 15:12, 27 Ogos 2023</li> <li>Tarikh tamat sekatan: 15:12, 27 Ogos 2028</li></ul> Alamat IP anda terkini ialah 8.222.208.146. The blocked range is 8.222.128.0/17. Sila sertaian semua butiran di atas dalam sebarang pertanyaan yang anda buat. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</li></ul><hr /> <p>Anda boleh melihat dan menyalin sumber bagi laman ini. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="ms" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Laman_Utama-Pendahulu}}{{Laman_Utama-Kandungan}}{{Laman_Utama-Akhir}} __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Templat yang digunakan dalam laman ini: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Calon_rencana_pilihan/November" title="Wikipedia:Calon rencana pilihan/November">Wikipedia:Calon rencana pilihan/November</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Calon_rencana_pilihan/November&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Calon rencana pilihan/November">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hari_ulang_tahun_pilihan/21_November" title="Wikipedia:Hari ulang tahun pilihan/21 November">Wikipedia:Hari ulang tahun pilihan/21 November</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Hari_ulang_tahun_pilihan/21_November&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Hari ulang tahun pilihan/21 November">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/133" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/133&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/133/4" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133/4">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133/4</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/133/4&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/133/4">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/17" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/17&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/17/1" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17/1">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17/1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/17/1&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/17/1">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/38" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/38&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/38/1" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38/1">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38/1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/38/1&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/38/1">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/71/1" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/71/1">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/71/1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/71/1&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/71/1">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/81" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/81&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/81/1" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81/1">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81/1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/81/1&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/81/1">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/90" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/90&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/90/1" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90/1">Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90/1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tahukah_anda/90/1&action=edit" title="Wikipedia:Tahukah anda/90/1">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:*" title="Templat:*">Templat:*</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:*&action=edit" title="Templat:*">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:*mp" title="Templat:*mp">Templat:*mp</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:*mp&action=edit" title="Templat:*mp">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Age" title="Templat:Age">Templat:Age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Age&action=edit" title="Templat:Age">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Birth_date_and_age" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Birth date and age">Templat:Birth date and age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Birth_date_and_age&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Birth date and age">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Clear" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Clear">Templat:Clear</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Clear&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Clear">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Click" title="Templat:Click">Templat:Click</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Click&action=edit" title="Templat:Click">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Convert" title="Templat:Convert">Templat:Convert</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Convert&action=edit" title="Templat:Convert">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Count_pages" title="Templat:Count pages">Templat:Count pages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Count_pages&action=edit" title="Templat:Count pages">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Count_pages/core" title="Templat:Count pages/core">Templat:Count pages/core</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Count_pages/core&action=edit" title="Templat:Count pages/core">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Edit">Templat:Edit</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Edit&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Edit">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Endflatlist" title="Templat:Endflatlist">Templat:Endflatlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Endflatlist&action=edit" title="Templat:Endflatlist">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:FULLBASEPAGENAME" title="Templat:FULLBASEPAGENAME">Templat:FULLBASEPAGENAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:FULLBASEPAGENAME&action=edit" title="Templat:FULLBASEPAGENAME">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Flatlist" title="Templat:Flatlist">Templat:Flatlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Flatlist&action=edit" title="Templat:Flatlist">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_-1_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu -1 2023">Templat:GP/Minggu -1 2023</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_-1_2023&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu -1 2023">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_-2_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu -2 2023">Templat:GP/Minggu -2 2023</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_-2_2023&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu -2 2023">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_0_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 0 2023">Templat:GP/Minggu 0 2023</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_0_2023&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 0 2023">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_40_2022" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 40 2022">Templat:GP/Minggu 40 2022</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_40_2022&action=edit" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 40 2022">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_41_2022" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 41 2022">Templat:GP/Minggu 41 2022</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_41_2022&action=edit" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 41 2022">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP/Minggu_42_2022" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 42 2022">Templat:GP/Minggu 42 2022</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP/Minggu_42_2022&action=edit" title="Templat:GP/Minggu 42 2022">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP_SI2" title="Templat:GP SI2">Templat:GP SI2</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP_SI2&action=edit" title="Templat:GP SI2">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:GP_dilindungi/Minggu_1_2023" title="Templat:GP dilindungi/Minggu 1 2023">Templat:GP dilindungi/Minggu 1 2023</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:GP_dilindungi/Minggu_1_2023&action=edit" title="Templat:GP dilindungi/Minggu 1 2023">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Hlist" title="Templat:Hlist">Templat:Hlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Hlist&action=edit" title="Templat:Hlist">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Hlist/styles.css" title="Templat:Hlist/styles.css">Templat:Hlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Hlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Templat:Hlist/styles.css">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:If_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:If empty">Templat:If empty</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:If_empty&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:If empty">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Imej_laman_utama" title="Templat:Imej laman utama">Templat:Imej laman utama</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Imej_laman_utama&action=edit" title="Templat:Imej laman utama">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Is_subpage_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Is subpage namespace">Templat:Is subpage namespace</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Is_subpage_namespace&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Is subpage namespace">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:KakiRP" title="Templat:KakiRP">Templat:KakiRP</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:KakiRP&action=edit" title="Templat:KakiRP">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kalau_kosong" title="Templat:Kalau kosong">Templat:Kalau kosong</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kalau_kosong&action=edit" title="Templat:Kalau kosong">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kosongkan" title="Templat:Kosongkan">Templat:Kosongkan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kosongkan&action=edit" title="Templat:Kosongkan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LUGP" title="Templat:LUGP">Templat:LUGP</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LUGP&action=edit" title="Templat:LUGP">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LUGR" title="Templat:LUGR">Templat:LUGR</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LUGR&action=edit" title="Templat:LUGR">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LUHIDS" title="Templat:LUHIDS">Templat:LUHIDS</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LUHIDS&action=edit" title="Templat:LUHIDS">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LUPT" title="Templat:LUPT">Templat:LUPT</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LUPT&action=edit" title="Templat:LUPT">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LURP" title="Templat:LURP">Templat:LURP</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LURP&action=edit" title="Templat:LURP">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:LUTA" title="Templat:LUTA">Templat:LUTA</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:LUTA&action=edit" title="Templat:LUTA">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Laman_Utama-Akhir" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Akhir">Templat:Laman Utama-Akhir</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Laman_Utama-Akhir&action=edit" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Akhir">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Laman_Utama-Kandungan" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Kandungan">Templat:Laman Utama-Kandungan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Laman_Utama-Kandungan&action=edit" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Kandungan">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Laman_Utama-Pendahulu" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Pendahulu">Templat:Laman Utama-Pendahulu</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Laman_Utama-Pendahulu&action=edit" title="Templat:Laman Utama-Pendahulu">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Laman_Utama/Gotong-royong" title="Templat:Laman Utama/Gotong-royong">Templat:Laman Utama/Gotong-royong</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Laman_Utama/Gotong-royong&action=edit" title="Templat:Laman Utama/Gotong-royong">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:MONTHNAME" title="Templat:MONTHNAME">Templat:MONTHNAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:MONTHNAME&action=edit" title="Templat:MONTHNAME">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:MONTHNUMBER" title="Templat:MONTHNUMBER">Templat:MONTHNUMBER</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:MONTHNUMBER&action=edit" title="Templat:MONTHNUMBER">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Mod" title="Templat:Mod">Templat:Mod</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Mod&action=edit" title="Templat:Mod">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:NAMABULAN" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:NAMABULAN">Templat:NAMABULAN</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:NAMABULAN&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:NAMABULAN">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nombor_rawak" title="Templat:Nombor rawak">Templat:Nombor rawak</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nombor_rawak&action=edit" title="Templat:Nombor rawak">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ns_has_subpages" title="Templat:Ns has subpages">Templat:Ns has subpages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ns_has_subpages&action=edit" title="Templat:Ns has subpages">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Perbaiki_kandungan" title="Templat:Perbaiki kandungan">Templat:Perbaiki kandungan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Perbaiki_kandungan&action=edit" title="Templat:Perbaiki kandungan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Perbaiki_kandungan/styles.css" title="Templat:Perbaiki kandungan/styles.css">Templat:Perbaiki kandungan/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Perbaiki_kandungan/styles.css&action=edit" title="Templat:Perbaiki kandungan/styles.css">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini">Templat:Peristiwa Terkini</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini&action=edit" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini/imej" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/imej">Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/imej</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini/imej&action=edit" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/imej">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini/pembawah" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/pembawah">Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/pembawah</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Peristiwa_Terkini/pembawah&action=edit" title="Templat:Peristiwa Terkini/pembawah">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Purge" title="Templat:Purge">Templat:Purge</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Purge&action=edit" title="Templat:Purge">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Rand" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Rand">Templat:Rand</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Rand&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Rand">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Random_subpage" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Random subpage">Templat:Random subpage</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Random_subpage&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Random subpage">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Remove_file_prefix" title="Templat:Remove file prefix">Templat:Remove file prefix</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Remove_file_prefix&action=edit" title="Templat:Remove file prefix">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Rencana_Pilihan" title="Templat:Rencana Pilihan">Templat:Rencana Pilihan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Rencana_Pilihan&action=edit" title="Templat:Rencana Pilihan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Rencana_cabaran_mingguan" title="Templat:Rencana cabaran mingguan">Templat:Rencana cabaran mingguan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Rencana_cabaran_mingguan&action=edit" title="Templat:Rencana cabaran mingguan">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi separa)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Right" title="Templat:Right">Templat:Right</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Right&action=edit" title="Templat:Right">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:SelAnnivFooter" title="Templat:SelAnnivFooter">Templat:SelAnnivFooter</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:SelAnnivFooter&action=edit" title="Templat:SelAnnivFooter">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ship" title="Templat:Ship">Templat:Ship</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ship&action=edit" title="Templat:Ship">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Startflatlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Startflatlist">Templat:Startflatlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Startflatlist&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Startflatlist">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Str_endswith" title="Templat:Str endswith">Templat:Str endswith</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Str_endswith&action=edit" title="Templat:Str endswith">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Str_find0" title="Templat:Str find0">Templat:Str find0</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Str_find0&action=edit" title="Templat:Str find0">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Str_left" title="Templat:Str left">Templat:Str left</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Str_left&action=edit" title="Templat:Str left">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Str_number/trim" title="Templat:Str number/trim">Templat:Str number/trim</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Str_number/trim&action=edit" title="Templat:Str number/trim">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Sublaman_rawak" title="Templat:Sublaman rawak">Templat:Sublaman rawak</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Sublaman_rawak&action=edit" title="Templat:Sublaman rawak">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Sunting" title="Templat:Sunting">Templat:Sunting</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Sunting&action=edit" title="Templat:Sunting">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:TA/kiraanturun" title="Templat:TA/kiraanturun">Templat:TA/kiraanturun</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:TA/kiraanturun&action=edit" title="Templat:TA/kiraanturun">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:TFAIMAGE" title="Templat:TFAIMAGE">Templat:TFAIMAGE</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:TFAIMAGE&action=edit" title="Templat:TFAIMAGE">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:TFAfooter" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:TFAfooter">Templat:TFAfooter</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:TFAfooter&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:TFAfooter">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:TFArecentlist" title="Templat:TFArecentlist">Templat:TFArecentlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:TFArecentlist&action=edit" title="Templat:TFArecentlist">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ta" title="Templat:Ta">Templat:Ta</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ta&action=edit" title="Templat:Ta">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ta/bawah" title="Templat:Ta/bawah">Templat:Ta/bawah</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ta/bawah&action=edit" title="Templat:Ta/bawah">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ta/cadangan/crosscheck" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Ta/cadangan/crosscheck">Templat:Ta/cadangan/crosscheck</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ta/cadangan/crosscheck&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Ta/cadangan/crosscheck">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Ta/crosscheck" title="Templat:Ta/crosscheck">Templat:Ta/crosscheck</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ta/crosscheck&action=edit" title="Templat:Ta/crosscheck">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tarikh_lahir_dan_umur" title="Templat:Tarikh lahir dan umur">Templat:Tarikh lahir dan umur</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tarikh_lahir_dan_umur&action=edit" title="Templat:Tarikh lahir dan umur">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Terjemahkan" title="Templat:Terjemahkan">Templat:Terjemahkan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Terjemahkan&action=edit" title="Templat:Terjemahkan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tiada_rencana_pilihan_dicalonkan" title="Templat:Tiada rencana pilihan dicalonkan">Templat:Tiada rencana pilihan dicalonkan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tiada_rencana_pilihan_dicalonkan&action=edit" title="Templat:Tiada rencana pilihan dicalonkan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Trim_brackets" title="Templat:Trim brackets">Templat:Trim brackets</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Trim_brackets&action=edit" title="Templat:Trim brackets">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:WikipediaBahasa" title="Templat:WikipediaBahasa">Templat:WikipediaBahasa</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:WikipediaBahasa&action=edit" title="Templat:WikipediaBahasa">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Wikipediasister" title="Templat:Wikipediasister">Templat:Wikipediasister</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Wikipediasister&action=edit" title="Templat:Wikipediasister">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Age" title="Modul:Age">Modul:Age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Age&action=edit" title="Modul:Age">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Arguments" title="Modul:Arguments">Modul:Arguments</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Arguments&action=edit" title="Modul:Arguments">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Convert" title="Modul:Convert">Modul:Convert</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Convert&action=edit" title="Modul:Convert">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Convert/data" title="Modul:Convert/data">Modul:Convert/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Convert/data&action=edit" title="Modul:Convert/data">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Convert/text" title="Modul:Convert/text">Modul:Convert/text</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Convert/text&action=edit" title="Modul:Convert/text">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Date" title="Modul:Date">Modul:Date</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Date&action=edit" title="Modul:Date">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:If_empty" title="Modul:If empty">Modul:If empty</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:If_empty&action=edit" title="Modul:If empty">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:LamanUtama" title="Modul:LamanUtama">Modul:LamanUtama</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:LamanUtama&action=edit" title="Modul:LamanUtama">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:List" title="Modul:List">Modul:List</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:List&action=edit" title="Modul:List">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Ns_has_subpages" title="Modul:Ns has subpages">Modul:Ns has subpages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Ns_has_subpages&action=edit" title="Modul:Ns has subpages">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Random" title="Modul:Random">Modul:Random</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Random&action=edit" title="Modul:Random">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Sandbox/26_Ramadan" title="Modul:Sandbox/26 Ramadan">Modul:Sandbox/26 Ramadan</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Sandbox/26_Ramadan&action=edit" title="Modul:Sandbox/26 Ramadan">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:String" title="Modul:String">Modul:String</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:String&action=edit" title="Modul:String">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:TableTools" title="Modul:TableTools">Modul:TableTools</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:TableTools&action=edit" title="Modul:TableTools">sunting</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Yesno" title="Modul:Yesno">Modul:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Yesno&action=edit" title="Modul:Yesno">sunting</a>) </li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" title="Laman Utama">Laman Utama</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utama">https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utama</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Rencana ini hanya wujud dalam bahasa ini. Tambah rencana untuk bahasa lain" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tambahkan bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Dasar privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal">Perihal Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penafian_umum">Penafian</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kod Tatakelakuan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pembangun</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ms.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Kenyataan kuki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ms.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laman_Utama&action=edit&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Paparan mudah alih</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-twlxc","wgBackendResponseTime":239,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.005","walltime":"0.008","ppvisitednodes":{"value":18,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":716,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-twlxc","timestamp":"20241124154313","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>