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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etiquette" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etiquette"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etiquette</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etiquette-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Jain_poojas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Jain_poojas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of Jain poojas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Jain_poojas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Jain_aartis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Jain_aartis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of Jain aartis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Jain_aartis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gallery subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outside_India" 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class="mw-page-title-main">Jain temple</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0" title="জৈন মন্দির – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জৈন মন্দির" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" title="जैन मंदिर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जैन मंदिर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_jaina" title="Templo jaina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Templo jaina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%EA%B5%90_%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90" title="자이나교 사원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자이나교 사원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" title="जैन मन्दिर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जैन मन्दिर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaintempel" title="Jaintempel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jaintempel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0" title="ਜੈਨ ਮੰਦਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੈਨ ਮੰਦਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="جین مندر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جین مندر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempulli_xhainist" title="Tempulli xhainist – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tempulli xhainist" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%9B%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ජෛන පන්සල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජෛන පන්සල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சைனக் கோயில் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சைனக் கோயில்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="เชนสถาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เชนสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಜೈನ ಮಂದಿರೊಳು – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜೈನ ಮಂದಿರೊಳು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="جین مندر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جین مندر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place of worship for Jains, the followers of Jainism</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Basadi" and "Derasar" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Basadi,_Iran_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Basadi, Iran (disambiguation)">Basadi, Iran (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Derasar,_Rajasthan" title="Derasar, Rajasthan">Derasar, Rajasthan</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palitana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Palitana.jpg/220px-Palitana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Palitana.jpg/330px-Palitana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Palitana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana temples</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #F5DEB3">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Jainism" title="Category:Jainism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/110px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/165px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/220px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1934" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jains" title="List of Jains">Jains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jainism" title="History of Jainism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Jainism" title="Timeline of Jainism">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Index</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Jain_philosophy" title="Jain philosophy">Philosophy</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anekantavada" title="Anekantavada">Anekantavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_cosmology" title="Jain cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_in_Jainism" title="Karma in Jainism">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_(Jainism)" title="Dharma (Jainism)">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha_(Jainism)" title="Moksha (Jainism)">Mokṣa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevala_Jnana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevala Jnana">Kevala Jnana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravya" title="Dravya">Dravya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_(Jainism)" title="Tattva (Jainism)">Tattva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacarya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunasthana" title="Gunasthana">Gunasthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra_(Jainism)" title="Saṃsāra (Jainism)">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Ethics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethics of Jainism">Ethics of Jainism</a> <dl><dd><b>Mahavratas (major vows)</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahiṃsā (non-violence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya#Jainism" title="Satya">Satya (truth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteya#Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteya">Asteya (non-stealing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya#In_Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacarya (chastity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha (non-possession)</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Anuvratas (further vows)</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81m%C4%81yika" title="Sāmāyika">Sāmāyika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallekhana" title="Sallekhana">Sallekhana</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Jain prayers</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamara_Stotra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaktamara Stotra">Bhaktamara Stotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micchami_Dukkadam" title="Micchami Dukkadam">Micchami Dukkadam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navkar_Mantra" class="mw-redirect" title="Navkar Mantra">Navkar Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namokar_Mantra" title="Namokar Mantra">Ṇamōkāra mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jai_Jinendra" title="Jai Jinendra">Jai Jinendra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Major figures</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">The 24 Tirthankaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishabhanatha" title="Rishabhanatha">Rishabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parshvanatha" title="Parshvanatha">Pārśva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arihant_(Jainism)" title="Arihant (Jainism)">Arihant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganadhara" title="Ganadhara">Ganadhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundakunda" title="Kundakunda">Kundakunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhasena" title="Siddhasena">Siddhasena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantabhadra_(Jain_monk)" title="Samantabhadra (Jain monk)">Samantabhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haribhadra" class="mw-redirect" title="Haribhadra">Haribhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashovijaya" title="Yashovijaya">Yashovijaya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Major sects</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Jain_schools_and_branches" title="Jain schools and branches">Schools and Branches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Jain_literature" title="Jain literature">Jain literature</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Samayas%C4%81ra" title="Samayasāra">Samayasāra (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pravachanasara" title="Pravachanasara">Pravachanasara (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jain_Agamas_(%C5%9Av%C4%93t%C4%81mbara)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain Agamas (Śvētāmbara)">Agama (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tattvartha_Sutra" title="Tattvartha Sutra">Tattvartha Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dravyasamgraha" title="Dravyasamgraha">Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_S%C5%ABtra" title="Kalpa Sūtra">Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uttaradhyayana" title="Uttaradhyayana">Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C4%ABvaka_Cint%C4%81ma%E1%B9%87i" title="Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi">Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silappatikaram" class="mw-redirect" title="Silappatikaram">Silappatikaram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valayapathi" title="Valayapathi">Valayapathi</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Festivals</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir_Janma_Kalyanak" title="Mahavir Janma Kalyanak">Mahavir Janma Kalyanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paryushana" title="Paryushana">Paryushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samvatsari" title="Samvatsari">Samvatsari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Pilgrimages</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Abu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girnar_Jain_temples" title="Girnar Jain temples">Girnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikharji" title="Shikharji">Shikharji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravanabelagola" title="Shravanabelagola">Shravanabelagola</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Other</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekendriya" title="Ekendriya">Ekendriya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_flag" title="Jain flag">Jain flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_symbols" title="Jain symbols">Jain symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasparopagraho_Jivanam" title="Parasparopagraho Jivanam">Parasparopagraho Jivanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Topics list</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #F5DEB3;border-bottom:1px solid #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/16px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/24px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/32px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jainism" title="Template:Jainism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jainism" title="Template talk:Jainism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jainism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jainism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>Jain temple</b>, <b>Derasar</b> (Gujarati: દેરાસર) or <b>Basadi</b> (Kannada: ಬಸದಿ) is the <a href="/wiki/Place_of_worship" title="Place of worship">place of worship</a> for Jains, the followers of <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>Jain architecture</b> is essentially restricted to temples and <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</a>, and Jain buildings generally reflect the prevailing style of the place and time they were built. </p><p>Jain temple architecture is generally close to <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu temple architecture</a>, and in ancient times <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_architecture" title="Buddhist architecture">Buddhist architecture</a>. Normally the same builders and <a href="/wiki/Carving" title="Carving">carvers</a> worked for all religions, and regional and periodic styles are generally similar. For over 1,000 years, the basic layout of a Hindu or most Jain temples has consisted of a small <a href="/wiki/Garbhagriha" title="Garbhagriha">garbhagriha</a> or sanctuary for the main <a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">murti</a> or idol, over which the high superstructure rises, then one or more larger <a href="/wiki/Mandapa" title="Mandapa">mandapa</a> halls. </p><p><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ru-Gurjara_architecture" title="Māru-Gurjara architecture">Māru-Gurjara architecture</a> or the "Solanki style", is a particular temple style from <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> (both regions with a strong Jain presence) that originated in both Hindu and Jain temples around the year 1000, but became enduringly popular with Jain patrons. It has remained in use, in somewhat modified form, to the present day, indeed also becoming popular again for some Hindu temples in the 20th century. The style is seen in the groups of pilgrimage temples at <a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Dilwara</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Abu" title="Mount Abu">Mount Abu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taranga_Jain_temple" title="Taranga Jain temple">Taranga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Girnar_Jain_temples" title="Girnar Jain temples">Girnar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kundalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kundalpur">Kundalpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonagiri" title="Sonagiri">Sonagiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muktagiri" title="Muktagiri">Muktagiri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terms">Terms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Derasar</b> is a word used for a Jain temple in Gujarat and southern Rajasthan. <b>Basadi</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Jain" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain">Jain</a> shrine or temple in <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word is generally used in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>. Its historical use in <a href="/wiki/North_India" title="North India">North India</a> is preserved in the names of the <a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Vimala Vasahi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Luna Vasahi</a> temples of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Abu" title="Mount Abu">Mount Abu</a>. The Sanskrit word for vasahi is <i>vasati</i>, which implies an institution for residences of scholars attached to the shrine.<sup id="cite_ref-glossary_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glossary-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Temples may be divided into <a href="/wiki/Shikhara" title="Shikhara">Shikhar</a>-baddha Jain temples, temple buildings dedicated to the public, normally with a high superstructure, (typically a north Indian <a href="/wiki/Shikhara" title="Shikhara">shikhara</a> tower above the shrine) and the <a href="/wiki/Ghar_Jain_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghar Jain temple">Griha Chaityalaya</a> (Ghar derasar) , a private Jain house shrine. A Jain temple which is known as a pilgrimage centre is often termed as <a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirtha</a>. </p><p>The main idol of a Jain temple is known as the <i>mula nayak</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Manastambha" title="Manastambha">Manastambha</a> (column of honor) is a pillar that is often constructed in front of Jain temples. It has four 'Moortis' i.e. stone figures of the main god of that temple. One facing each direction: North, East, South and West.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Jain_temple" title="Special:EditPage/Jain temple">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span class="anchor" id="JA"></span><span class="anchor" id="Jain_architecture"></span><span class="anchor" id="Architecture_of_Jain_temples"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_India" title="Architecture of India">Architecture of India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jain_art" title="Jain art">Jain art</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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title="Girnar">Girnar</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.715%;left:17.838%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mount Abu"><img alt="Mount Abu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Mount_Abu" title="Mount Abu">Mount Abu</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.249%;left:35.556%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sonagiri"><img 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Hastinapur" title="Hastinapur">Hastinapur</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.923%;left:47.5%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ayodhya"><img alt="Ayodhya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.658%;left:59.803%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Shikharji"><img alt="Shikharji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Shikharji" title="Shikharji">Shikharji</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.585%;left:39.75%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kundalpur"><img alt="Kundalpur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Kundalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kundalpur">Kundalpur</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.179%;left:57.934%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pawapuri"><img alt="Pawapuri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Pawapuri" title="Pawapuri">Pawapuri</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.705%;left:24.569%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bawangaja"><img alt="Bawangaja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Bawangaja" title="Bawangaja">Bawangaja</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.046%;left:20.147%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ranakpur"><img alt="Ranakpur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ranakpur" title="Ranakpur">Ranakpur</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.923%;left:40.406%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Khajuraho"><img alt="Khajuraho" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Khajuraho" title="Khajuraho">Khajuraho</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.54%;left:50%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Varanasi"><img alt="Varanasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Parshvanath_Jain_temple,_Varanasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Parshvanath Jain temple, Varanasi">Varanasi</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:75.818%;left:29.653%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Shravanabelagola"><img alt="Shravanabelagola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Shravanabelagola" title="Shravanabelagola">Shravanabelagola</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:75.661%;left:25.009%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Moodabidri"><img alt="Moodabidri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Moodabidri" title="Moodabidri">Moodabidri</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.037%;left:58.706%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Udayagiri"><img alt="Udayagiri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Udayagiri_and_Khandagiri_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves">Udayagiri</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.626%;left:23.265%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kumbhoj"><img alt="Kumbhoj" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Kumbhoj" title="Kumbhoj">Kumbhoj</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.179%;left:18.49%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Osian"><img alt="Osian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Osian,_Jodhpur" title="Osian, Jodhpur">Osian</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:66.313%;left:27.55%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pattadakal"><img alt="Pattadakal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Pattadakal" title="Pattadakal">Pattadakal</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.721%;left:28.098%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Halebidu"><img alt="Halebidu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Halebidu" title="Halebidu">Halebidu</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.764%;left:25.553%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ellora"><img alt="Ellora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ellora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellora">Ellora</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.625%;left:42.443%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Guntur"><img alt="Guntur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Undavalli_Caves" title="Undavalli Caves">Guntur</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.927%;left:37.616%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kulpakji"><img alt="Kulpakji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Kulpakji" title="Kulpakji">Kulpakji</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.731%;left:28.919%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mattancherry"><img alt="Mattancherry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Mattancherry" title="Mattancherry">Mattancherry</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:77.785%;left:37.719%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tirumalai"><img alt="Tirumalai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Tirumalai_(Jain_complex)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirumalai (Jain complex)">Tirumalai</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:83.217%;left:36.64%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pudukottai"><img alt="Pudukottai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Pudukottai" class="mw-redirect" title="Pudukottai">Pudukottai</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.923%;left:34.687%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Madurai"><img alt="Madurai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:89.746%;left:31.998%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Chitharal"><img alt="Chitharal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Chitharal" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitharal">Chitharal</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:India_location_map.svg" title="File:India location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Major pilgrimage and temple sites in Jainism</div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Bahubali,_Gomateswara_Jain_temple,_Karkala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_Bahubali%2C_Gomateswara_Jain_temple%2C_Karkala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="474" /></a><figcaption>Jain Tirtha, <a href="/wiki/Shravanabelagola" title="Shravanabelagola">Shravanabelagola</a>, with the colossal <a href="/wiki/Gommateshwara_statue" title="Gommateshwara statue">Gommateshwara statue</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Jain temples are built with various architectural designs.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the earliest examples of Jain architecture are of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_rock-cut_architecture" title="Indian rock-cut architecture">Indian rock-cut architecture</a> tradition, whereby structures are produced by carving material out of solid rock.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These traditions were initially shared with Buddhism, and by the end of the classical period, Hinduism. Jain temples and monasteries designed and constructed using rock-cut methods often share a site with those of the other religions, such as those at <a href="/wiki/Udayagiri_and_Khandagiri_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves">Udayagiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bava_Pyara_Caves" title="Bava Pyara Caves">Bava Pyara</a>, Ellora, <a href="/wiki/Aihole" title="Aihole">Aihole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badami_cave_temples" title="Badami cave temples">Badami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalugumalai_Jain_Beds" title="Kalugumalai Jain Beds">Kalugumalai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pataini_temple" title="Pataini temple">Pataini temple</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ellora_Caves" title="Ellora Caves">Ellora Caves</a> are a late site, which contains temples of all three religions, as the earlier Buddhist ones give way to later Hindu excavations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the similarity between different religions, Jainism is often known for placing large figures of one or more of the 24 <a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">tirthankaras</a> in the open air rather than inside a shrine.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These statues later began to increase in size, often in the form of standing nude figures in the <i><a href="/wiki/Kayotsarga" title="Kayotsarga">kayotsarga</a></i> meditation position (which is similar to standing <a href="/wiki/At_attention" title="At attention">at attention</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Gopachal_rock_cut_Jain_monuments" class="mw-redirect" title="Gopachal rock cut Jain monuments">Gopachal rock cut Jain monuments</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Siddhachal_Caves" title="Siddhachal Caves">Siddhachal Caves</a>, and various single figures including the 12th-century <a href="/wiki/Gommateshwara_statue" title="Gommateshwara statue">Gommateshwara statue</a>, the modern <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Vasupujya" title="Statue of Vasupujya">Statue of Vasupujya</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ahimsa" title="Statue of Ahimsa">Statue of Ahimsa</a>, standing the tallest at 108 feet (33 meters) in height, all exemplify this similarity.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent times, the use of murti images has become controversial within Jainism, and some smaller sects reject them entirely, while others are selective in terms of which figures they allow images of. In sects which largely disapprove of images, the religious buildings are used instead. </p><p>Following the regional styles in Hindu temples, Jain temples in North India generally use the north Indian <a href="/wiki/Nagara_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagara architecture">nagara</a> style, while those in South India use the dravida style, although the north Indian <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ru-Gurjara_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Māru-Gurjara style">Māru-Gurjara style</a> or Solanki style has made some inroads in the south over the 20th century or so. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Mel_Sithamur_Jain_Math" title="Mel Sithamur Jain Math">Mel Sithamur Jain Math</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> has a large <a href="/wiki/Gopuram" title="Gopuram">gopuram</a> tower, similar to those of local Hindu temples. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Delwada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Delwada.jpg/220px-Delwada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Delwada.jpg/330px-Delwada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Delwada.jpg/440px-Delwada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="559" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Temple interior, <a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Dilwara</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Characteristics of the original Māru-Gurjara style are "the external walls of the temples have been structured by increasing numbers of projections and recesses, accommodating sharply carved statues in niches. These are normally positioned in superimposed registers, above the lower bands of mouldings. The latter display continuous lines of horse riders, elephants, and <a href="/wiki/K%C4%ABrttimukha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kīrttimukha">kīrttimukhas</a>. Hardly any segment of the surface is left unadorned." The main <a href="/wiki/Shikhara" title="Shikhara">shikhara</a> tower usually has many <i><a href="/wiki/Urushringa" title="Urushringa">urushringa</a></i> (subsidiary spirelets) on it, and two smaller side-entrances with porches are common in larger temples.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, with Dilwara in the lead, surrounding the main temple with a curtain of <i>devakulikā</i> shrines, each with a small spire, became a distinctive feature of the Jain temples of West India, still employed in some modern temples. These are fairly plain on the outer walls, and often raised on a very high platform, so that the outside of larger temples can resemble a fortress with high walls.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the entrance(s), often up high, wide steps, are not designed for actual defence, even though medieval Muslim armies and others destroyed many Jain temples in the past, often permanently. </p><p>Inside the temple, the Māru-Gurjara style features extremely lavish carving, especially on columns, large and intricately carved rosettes on the ceilings of mandapas, and a characteristic form of "flying arch" between columns, which has no structural role, and is purely decorative. Most early temples in the style are in various local shades of pink, buff or brown sandstone, but the Dilwara temples are in a very pure white marble which lightens the style and has become considered very desirable. </p><p>While, before <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a>, large Buddhist or Hindu temples (and indeed Muslim mosques) have very often been built with funds from a ruler, this was infrequently the case with Jain temples. Instead they were typically funded by wealthy Jain individuals or families. For this reason, and often the smaller numbers of Jains in the population, Jain temples tend to be at the small or middle end of the range of sizes, but at pilgrimage sites they may cluster in large groups - there are altogether several hundred at <a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana</a>, tightly packed within several high-walled compounds called "tuks" or "tonks".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temple charitable trusts, such as the very large <a href="/wiki/Anandji_Kalyanji_Trust" title="Anandji Kalyanji Trust">Anandji Kalyanji Trust</a>, founded in the 17th century and now maintaining 1,200 temples, play a very important role in funding temple building and maintenance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etiquette">Etiquette</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Etiquette"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are some guidelines to follow when one is visiting a Jain temple:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Before entering the temple, one should bathe and wear freshly washed clothes or some special puja (worship) clothes – while wearing these one must neither have eaten anything nor visited the washroom. However, drinking of water is permitted.</li> <li>One should not take any footwear (including socks) inside the temple. Leather items like a belt, purse etc. are not allowed inside the temple premises.</li> <li>One should not be chewing any edibles (food, gum, mints, etc.), and no edibles should be stuck in the mouth.</li> <li>One should try to keep as silent as possible inside the temple.</li> <li>Mobile phones should not be used in the temple. One should keep them switched off.</li></ul> <p>Prevailing traditional customs should be followed regarding worshipping at the temple and touching an idol. They can vary depending on the region and the specific sect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Jain_poojas">List of Jain poojas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of Jain poojas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-adinath-jin-pooja-446.html">Bhagwan Adinath Jin Pooja</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-rishabhdev-jin-pooja-ranila-525.html">Bhagwan Rishabh Dev Jin Pooja(Ranila)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-ajitnaath-jin-pooja-607.html">Bhagwan Ajitnath Jin Pooja</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-padamprabhu-jin-pooja-bada-526.html">Bhagwan Padam Prabhu Jin Pooja</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-chandraprabh-jin-pooja-457.html">Bhagwan Chandra Prabhu Jin Pooja</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-chandraprabhu-ji-pooja-dehra-458.html">Bhagwan Chandra Prabhu Jin Pooja Dehra</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/shri-vasupujya-jin-poojan-459.html">Bhagwan Vasupujya Jin Pooja</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Jain_aartis">List of Jain aartis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of Jain aartis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/aarti-panch-parmeshthi-430.html">Aarti Panch Parmeshthi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/aarati-chaubisi-bhagvan-ki-432.html">Aarti Chaubisi Bhagwan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/arati-sri-chandraprabha-jin-tijara-434.html">Aarti Bhagwan Chandra Prabhu Tijara</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/aarti-shri-parshvanath-ji-435.html">Aarti Bhagwan Parasnath</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jain4jain.com/jaininfo/p/aarti-shri-mahaveer-prabhu-433.html">Aarti Bhagwan Mahavir Prabhu</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 978px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ellora Jain cave basadi"><img alt="Ellora Jain cave basadi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg/90px-Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg/135px-Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg/180px-Ellora-Jain-cave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ellora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellora">Ellora</a> Jain cave basadi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Deogarh,_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain Temple complex, Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh, before 862"><img alt="Jain Temple complex, Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh, before 862" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg/120px-Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg/180px-Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg/240px-Deogarh%2C_UP._Jain_temple_complex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples_at_Deogarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain temples at Deogarh">Jain Temple complex, Deogarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, before 862</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The "Bade Baba" idol inside Bade Baba Temple, Kundalpur"><img alt="The "Bade Baba" idol inside Bade Baba Temple, Kundalpur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG/120px-Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG/180px-Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG/240px-Photo_of_lord_adinath_bhagwan_at_kundalpur.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The "Bade Baba" idol inside Bade Baba Temple, Kundalpur</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jal Mandir, Shikharji"><img alt="Jal Mandir, Shikharji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg/120px-Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg/180px-Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg/240px-Sikharji_jalmandir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jal Mandir, <a href="/wiki/Shikharji" title="Shikharji">Shikharji</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maladevi temple, Vidisha"><img alt="Maladevi temple, Vidisha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg/103px-Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg/154px-Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg/206px-Maladevi_Temple_Gyaraspur_facade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="817" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Maladevi_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Maladevi temple">Maladevi temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vidisha" title="Vidisha">Vidisha</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taranga, Mehsana"><img alt="Taranga, Mehsana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg/120px-Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg/180px-Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg/240px-Tarangaji_Jain_temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Taranga_Jain_temple" title="Taranga Jain temple">Taranga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mehsana_district" title="Mehsana district">Mehsana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi, 11th century"><img alt="Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi, 11th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg/120px-Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg/180px-Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg/240px-Jain_temple_at_Lakkundi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Jinalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahma Jinalaya">Brahma Jinalaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakkundi" title="Lakkundi">Lakkundi</a>, 11th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Akkana Basadi (1181) with lost superstructure."><img alt="Akkana Basadi (1181) with lost superstructure." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg/120px-View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg/180px-View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg/240px-View_of_Akkana_Basadi_from_northeastern_side_at_Shravanabelagola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Akkana_Basadi" title="Akkana Basadi">Akkana Basadi</a> (1181) with lost superstructure.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vasai Jain Temple, Kutch, Gujarat"><img alt="Vasai Jain Temple, Kutch, Gujarat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg/120px-Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg/180px-Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg/240px-Kutch_Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2978" data-file-height="1557" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vasai_Jain_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasai Jain Temple">Vasai Jain Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Girnar Jain temples"><img alt="Girnar Jain temples" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg/120px-Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg/180px-Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg/240px-Girnar_Jain_temple_-_Neminath_temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3447" data-file-height="2562" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Girnar_Jain_temples" title="Girnar Jain temples">Girnar Jain temples</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kailash Parvat Rachna in Bada Mandir, Hastinapur"><img alt="Kailash Parvat Rachna in Bada Mandir, Hastinapur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg/120px-Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg/180px-Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg/240px-Kailash_Parvat_Rachna_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kailash Parvat Rachna in <a href="/wiki/Digamber_Jain_Bada_Mandir_Hastinapur" title="Digamber Jain Bada Mandir Hastinapur">Bada Mandir, Hastinapur</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lodurva_Temples.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lodhruva Jain temple"><img alt="Lodhruva Jain temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lodurva_Temples.jpg/120px-Lodurva_Temples.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lodurva_Temples.jpg/180px-Lodurva_Temples.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lodurva_Temples.jpg/240px-Lodurva_Temples.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3880" data-file-height="2587" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lodhruva" title="Lodhruva">Lodhruva Jain temple</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ranakpur Jain temple, Ranakpur, Rajasthan"><img alt="Ranakpur Jain temple, Ranakpur, Rajasthan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg/120px-Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg/180px-Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg/240px-Jain_Temple_Ranakpur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4179" data-file-height="2030" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ranakpur_Jain_temple" title="Ranakpur Jain temple">Ranakpur Jain temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ranakpur" title="Ranakpur">Ranakpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vanki - Patri Jain temple, Kutch, Gujarat"><img alt="Vanki - Patri Jain temple, Kutch, Gujarat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg/90px-Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg/135px-Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg/180px-Vanki_-_Patri_Jain_Mandir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Vanki - Patri Jain temple, <a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Saavira Kambada Basadi, Moodbidri, Karnataka"><img alt="Saavira Kambada Basadi, Moodbidri, Karnataka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG/120px-1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG/180px-1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG/240px-1000-Pillar-Temple-Moodbidri-Left-Side-View.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saavira_Kambada_Basadi" title="Saavira Kambada Basadi">Saavira Kambada Basadi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moodbidri" class="mw-redirect" title="Moodbidri">Moodbidri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hutheesing Jain Temple (1848)"><img alt="Hutheesing Jain Temple (1848)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg/120px-Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg/180px-Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg/240px-Sheth_Hutheesinh_Temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1043" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hutheesing_Jain_Temple" title="Hutheesing Jain Temple">Hutheesing Jain Temple</a> (1848)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_(9243092471).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jal Mandir, Pawapuri"><img alt="Jal Mandir, Pawapuri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg/120px-Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg/180px-Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg/240px-Pawapuri_-_001_Temple_marking_Mahavira%27s_Passing_%289243092471%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3155" data-file-height="1695" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jal_Mandir" title="Jal Mandir">Jal Mandir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pawapuri" title="Pawapuri">Pawapuri</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Calcutta Jain Temple in Calcutta (1867)"><img alt="Calcutta Jain Temple in Calcutta (1867)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg/120px-Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg/180px-Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg/240px-Sheetalnath_Mandir_full_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="803" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Calcutta_Jain_Temple" title="Calcutta Jain Temple">Calcutta Jain Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> (1867)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pakbirra Jain temples, Purulia, West Bengal"><img alt="Pakbirra Jain temples, Purulia, West Bengal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg/120px-Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg/180px-Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg/240px-Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pakbirra_Jain_temples" title="Pakbirra Jain temples">Pakbirra Jain temples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Purulia_district" title="Purulia district">Purulia</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_temple_warangal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kulpakji Temple at Nalgonda, Telangana, with dravida (southern style) tower"><img alt="Kulpakji Temple at Nalgonda, Telangana, with dravida (southern style) tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Jain_temple_warangal.jpg/120px-Jain_temple_warangal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Jain_temple_warangal.jpg/180px-Jain_temple_warangal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Jain_temple_warangal.jpg/240px-Jain_temple_warangal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kulpakji" title="Kulpakji">Kulpakji Temple</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nalgonda" title="Nalgonda">Nalgonda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_architecture" title="Dravidian architecture"><i>dravida</i> (southern style) tower</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Samovsaran Mandir in Palitana, Gujarat"><img alt="Samovsaran Mandir in Palitana, Gujarat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg/120px-Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg/180px-Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg/240px-Samovsaran_Mandir_Palitana_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4451" data-file-height="3025" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Samovsaran Mandir in <a href="/wiki/Palitana" title="Palitana">Palitana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> </div> </li> </ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outside_India">Outside India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Outside India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 978px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Das_Lakshana_(Paryusana)_celebrations,_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Das Lakshana (Paryushana) celebrations at the Jain Center of America, Queens, New York City, the oldest Jain temple in the Western hemisphere[13]"><img alt="Das Lakshana (Paryushana) celebrations at the Jain Center of America, Queens, New York City, the oldest Jain temple in the Western hemisphere[13]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG/120px-Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG/180px-Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG/240px-Das_Lakshana_%28Paryusana%29_celebrations%2C_New_York_City_Jain_temple.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Das_Lakshana" class="mw-redirect" title="Das Lakshana">Das Lakshana</a> (Paryushana) celebrations at the <a href="/wiki/Jain_Center_of_America" title="Jain Center of America">Jain Center of America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area#Religion" title="Indians in the New York City metropolitan area">New York City</a>, the oldest Jain temple in the <a href="/wiki/Western_hemisphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Western hemisphere">Western hemisphere</a><sup id="cite_ref-QueensOldestJainTempleWesternHemisphere_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QueensOldestJainTempleWesternHemisphere-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain Temple, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire"><img alt="Jain Temple, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg/120px-Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg/180px-Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg/240px-Jain_Temple_Oshwal_Centre_Pottersbar_Hertfordshire_UK_ground.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jain Temple, <a href="/wiki/Potters_Bar" title="Potters Bar">Potters Bar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gori_Mandar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Godiji, Nagarparkar Temples, Pakistan"><img alt="Godiji, Nagarparkar Temples, Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/120px-Gori_Mandar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/180px-Gori_Mandar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/240px-Gori_Mandar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Godiji" title="Godiji">Godiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagarparkar_Temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarparkar Temples">Nagarparkar Temples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Templejaindanvers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain temple, Antwerp, Belgium"><img alt="Jain temple, Antwerp, Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Templejaindanvers.jpg/111px-Templejaindanvers.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Templejaindanvers.jpg/166px-Templejaindanvers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Templejaindanvers.jpg/221px-Templejaindanvers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="949" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jain_temple,_Antwerp" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain temple, Antwerp">Jain temple, Antwerp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_(JCGP).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain Center of Greater Phoenix (JCGP), Phoenix, Arizona"><img alt="Jain Center of Greater Phoenix (JCGP), Phoenix, Arizona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg/120px-Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg/180px-Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg/240px-Jain_Temple_-02_by_Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix_%28JCGP%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5131" data-file-height="2046" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jain_Center_of_Greater_Phoenix" title="Jain Center of Greater Phoenix">Jain Center of Greater Phoenix</a> (JCGP), <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Manastambha" title="Manastambha">Manastambha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirtha (Jainism)</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBabb1996" class="citation book cs1">Babb, Lawrence A (1996). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/absentlordasceti00babb"><i>Absent lord: ascetics and kings in a Jain ritual culture</i></a></span>. Published <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/absentlordasceti00babb/page/n140">66</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Absent+lord%3A+ascetics+and+kings+in+a+Jain+ritual+culture&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=Published+University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Babb&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fabsentlordasceti00babb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hegewald</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.com/glossary/?whoID=234">"Basadi"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061113024046/http://www.kamat.com/glossary/?whoID=234">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basadi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kamat.com%2Fglossary%2F%3FwhoID%3D234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-glossary-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-glossary_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indoarch.org/arch_glossary.php">"Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent – Glossary"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306200130/http://www.indoarch.org/arch_glossary.php">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Architecture+of+the+Indian+Subcontinent+%E2%80%93+Glossary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indoarch.org%2Farch_glossary.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jaina Iconography, Volume 1 of Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana, Umakant Premanand Shah, Abhinav Publications, 1987, p. 149</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013005348/http://www.pluralism.org/religion/jainism/introduction/tirthankaras">"Essays"</a>. <i>www.pluralism.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pluralism.org/religion/jainism/introduction/tirthankaras">the original</a> on 13 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pluralism.org&rft.atitle=Essays&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pluralism.org%2Freligion%2Fjainism%2Fintroduction%2Ftirthankaras&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Jain temples in India and around the world</i>, Laxmi Mall Singhvi, Tarun Chopra, Himalayan Books, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDokras2021" class="citation book cs1">Dokras, Uday (2021). <i>The Complete compendium of Jain Temples Part I</i>. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+compendium+of+Jain+Temples+Part+I&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Dokras&rft.aufirst=Uday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hegewald</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harle, 228</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Temple-cities"; see also Mitchell (1990) by sites</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">CultureShock! India: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette, Gitanjali Kolanad, Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd, 2008 p. 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-QueensOldestJainTempleWesternHemisphere-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-QueensOldestJainTempleWesternHemisphere_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qgazette.com/articles/the-oldest-temple-in-the-hemisphere-its-in-queens/">"The Oldest Temple in the Hemisphere? It's In Queens!"</a>. Queens Gazette. 21 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827232048/https://www.qgazette.com/articles/the-oldest-temple-in-the-hemisphere-its-in-queens/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Oldest+Temple+in+the+Hemisphere%3F+It%27s+In+Queens%21&rft.pub=Queens+Gazette&rft.date=2020-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qgazette.com%2Farticles%2Fthe-oldest-temple-in-the-hemisphere-its-in-queens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_temple&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Harle, J.C., <i>The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent</i>, 2nd edn. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0300062176" title="Special:BookSources/0300062176">0300062176</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHegewald2011" class="citation journal cs1">Hegewald, Julia A. B. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0045.005?view=text;rgn=main">"The International Jaina Style? Māru-Gurjara Temples Under the Solaṅkīs, throughout India and in the Diaspora"</a>. <i>Ars Orientalis</i>. <b>45</b> (20210122). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3998%2Fars.13441566.0045.005">10.3998/ars.13441566.0045.005</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2328-1286">2328-1286</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Orientalis&rft.atitle=The+International+Jaina+Style%3F+M%C4%81ru-Gurjara+Temples+Under+the+Sola%E1%B9%85k%C4%ABs%2C+throughout+India+and+in+the+Diaspora&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=20210122&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3998%2Fars.13441566.0045.005&rft.issn=2328-1286&rft.aulast=Hegewald&rft.aufirst=Julia+A.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquod.lib.umich.edu%2Fa%2Fars%2F13441566.0045.005%3Fview%3Dtext%3Brgn%3Dmain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJain+temple" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/In-jain-o.svg/23px-In-jain-o.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/In-jain-o.svg/35px-In-jain-o.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/In-jain-o.svg/45px-In-jain-o.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="217" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Jain_temples" title="List of Jain temples">Jain temples in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F5DEB3;"><div>See also : <a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_temples_in_North_America" title="Template:Jain temples in North America">Jain temples in North America</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Bihar" title="Jainism in Bihar">Bihar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawapuri" title="Pawapuri">Pawapuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Vasupujya" title="Statue of Vasupujya">Statue of Vasupujya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Delhi" title="Jainism in Delhi">Delhi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Digambar_Jain_Lal_Mandir" title="Sri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir">Sri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naya_Mandir" title="Naya Mandir">Naya Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahinsa_Sthal" title="Ahinsa Sthal">Ahinsa Sthal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Gujarat" title="Jainism in Gujarat">Gujarat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples,_Abhapur" title="Jain temples, Abhapur">Abhapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadreshwar_Jain_Temple" title="Bhadreshwar Jain Temple">Bhadreshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girnar_Jain_temples" title="Girnar Jain temples">Girnar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neminath_Jain_Temple,_Girnar" title="Neminath Jain Temple, Girnar">Neminath Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutheesing_Jain_Temple" title="Hutheesing Jain Temple">Hutheesing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahudi_Jain_Temple" title="Mahudi Jain Temple">Mahudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankheshwar_Jain_Temple" title="Shankheshwar Jain Temple">Shankheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taranga_Jain_temple" title="Taranga Jain temple">Taranga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantinath_Jain_temple,_Kothara" title="Shantinath Jain temple, Kothara">Kothara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchasara_Parshvanath_Temple" title="Panchasara Parshvanath Temple">Panchasara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbharia_Jain_temples" title="Kumbharia Jain temples">Kumbhariaji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Jharkhand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Jharkhand (page does not exist)">Jharkhand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shikharji" title="Shikharji">Shikharji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Karnataka" title="Jainism in Karnataka">Karnataka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badami_cave_temples" title="Badami cave temples">Badami cave temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmasthala_Temple" title="Dharmasthala Temple">Dharmasthala Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_Temple,_Lakkundi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain Temple, Lakkundi">Jain Temple, Lakkundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchakuta_Basadi,_Kambadahalli" title="Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli">Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saavira_Kambada_Basadi" title="Saavira Kambada Basadi">Saavira Kambada Basadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankighatta" title="Sankighatta">Sankighatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravanabelagola" title="Shravanabelagola">Shravanabelagola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples,_Halebidu" title="Jain temples, Halebidu">Halebidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karkala" title="Karkala">Karkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humcha_Jain_temples" title="Humcha Jain temples">Humcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattadakal" title="Pattadakal">Pattadakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aihole" title="Aihole">Aihole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanka_Basadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanka Basadi">Shanka Basadi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Kerala" title="Jainism in Kerala">Kerala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anantnath_Swami_Temple" title="Anantnath Swami Temple">Anantnath Swami Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temple,_Alleppey" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain temple, Alleppey">Jain temple, Alleppey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_Temple,_Kidanganad" title="Jain Temple, Kidanganad">Jain Temple, Kidanganad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainimedu_Jain_temple" title="Jainimedu Jain temple">Jainimedu Jain temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattil_Madam_Temple" title="Kattil Madam Temple">Kattil Madam Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Madhya_Pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Madhya Pradesh (page does not exist)">Madhya Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kundalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kundalpur">Kundalpurna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawangaja" title="Bawangaja">Bawangaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples_of_Khajuraho" title="Jain temples of Khajuraho">Jain temples of Khajuraho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanch_Mandir" title="Kanch Mandir">Kanch Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonagiri" title="Sonagiri">Sonagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muktagiri" title="Muktagiri">Muktagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanumantal_Bada_Jain_Mandir" title="Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir">Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples,_Vidisha" title="Jain temples, Vidisha">Vidisha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Maharashtra" title="Jainism in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarik%E1%B9%A3a_P%C4%81r%C5%9Bvan%C4%81tha_T%C4%ABrtha" title="Antarikṣa Pārśvanātha Tīrtha">Antarikṣa Pārśvanātha Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajpanth" title="Gajpanth">Gajpanth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbhoj" title="Kumbhoj">Kumbhoj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantinatha_temple,_Ramtek" title="Shantinatha temple, Ramtek">Shantinatha temple, Ramtek</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ahimsa" title="Statue of Ahimsa">Statue of Ahimsa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Nagaland" title="Jainism in Nagaland">Nagaland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dimapur_Jain_Temple" title="Dimapur Jain Temple">Dimapur Jain Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Odisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Odisha (page does not exist)">Odisha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara_Jaina_Temple,_Khandagiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Digambara Jaina Temple, Khandagiri">Digambara Jaina Temple, Khandagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subai_Jain_temples" title="Subai Jain temples">Subai Jain temples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Rajasthan" title="Jainism in Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Dilwara Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajmer_Jain_temple" title="Ajmer Jain temple">Ajmer Jain temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakodaji" title="Nakodaji">Nakodaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nareli_Jain_Temple" title="Nareli Jain Temple">Nareli Jain Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padampura" title="Padampura">Padampura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranakpur_Jain_temple" title="Ranakpur Jain temple">Ranakpur Jain temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanghiji" title="Sanghiji">Sanghiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Mahavirji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Mahavirji">Shri Mahavirji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tijara_Jain_temple" title="Tijara Jain temple">Tijara Jain temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavira_Jain_temple,_Osian" title="Mahavira Jain temple, Osian">Osian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodhurva_Jain_temple" title="Lodhurva Jain temple">Lodhurva Jain temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Jainism in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arahanthgiri_Jain_Math" title="Arahanthgiri Jain Math">Arahanthgiri Jain Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alagramam_Jain_Temple" title="Alagramam Jain Temple">Alagramam Jain Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalugumalai_Jain_Beds" title="Kalugumalai Jain Beds">Kalugumalai Jain Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannargudi_Mallinatha_Swamy_Jain_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannargudi Mallinatha Swamy Jain Temple">Mannargudi Mallinatha Swamy Jain Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Sithamur_Jain_Math" title="Mel Sithamur Jain Math">Mel Sithamur Jain Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayamangalam_Jain_temple" title="Vijayamangalam Jain temple">Vijayamangalam Jain temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirakoil" title="Thirakoil">Thirakoil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Telangana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Telangana (page does not exist)">Telangana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kulpakji" title="Kulpakji">Kulpakji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommalagutta" title="Bommalagutta">Bommalagutta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Jainism in Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temples_at_Deogarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain temples at Deogarh">Jain temples at Deogarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambudweep" title="Jambudweep">Jambudweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digamber_Jain_Mandir_Hastinapur" class="mw-redirect" title="Digamber Jain Mandir Hastinapur">Hastinapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navagarh_Tirth" title="Navagarh Tirth">Navagarh Tirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahichchhatra_Jain_temples" title="Ahichchhatra Jain temples">Ahichchhatra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_West_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in West Bengal">West Bengal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcutta_Jain_Temple" title="Calcutta Jain Temple">Calcutta Jain Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakbirra_Jain_temples" title="Pakbirra Jain temples">Pakbirra Jain temples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F5DEB3;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/God_in_Jainism" title="God in Jainism">Gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">Tirthankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganadhara" title="Ganadhara">Ganadhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arihant_(Jainism)" title="Arihant (Jainism)">Arihant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_philosophy" title="Jain philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Vows" title="Five Vows">Five Vows</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahimsa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_epistemology" title="Jain epistemology">Epistemology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kevala_Jnana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevala Jnana">Kevala Jñāna</a></li></ul></li> <li>Jaina logic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anekantavada" title="Anekantavada">Anekāntavāda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_cosmology" title="Jain cosmology">Jain cosmology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddhashila" title="Siddhashila">Siddhashila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naraka_(Jainism)" title="Naraka (Jainism)">Naraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Jainism)" title="Deva (Jainism)">Heavenly beings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_in_Jainism" title="Karma in Jainism">Karma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_Karma_(Jainism)" title="Types of Karma (Jainism)">Types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_karma_in_Jainism" title="Causes of karma in Jainism">Causes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunasthana" title="Gunasthana">Gunasthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravya" title="Dravya">Dravya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%ABva_(Jainism)" title="Jīva (Jainism)">Jīva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajiva" title="Ajiva">Ajiva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pudgala" title="Pudgala">Pudgala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_(Jainism)" title="Dharma (Jainism)">Dharma</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_(Jainism)" title="Tattva (Jainism)">Tattva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asrava" title="Asrava">Asrava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandha_(Jainism)" title="Bandha (Jainism)">Bandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samvara" title="Samvara">Samvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirjara" title="Nirjara">Nirjara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha_(Jainism)" title="Moksha (Jainism)"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Mokṣa</i></span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Jainism" title="Death in Jainism">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra_(Jainism)" title="Saṃsāra (Jainism)">Saṃsāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnatraya" title="Ratnatraya">Ratnatraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashaya_(Jainism)" title="Kashaya (Jainism)">Kashaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_schools_and_branches" title="Jain schools and branches">Branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mula_Sangha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula Sangha">Mula Sangha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balatkara_Gana" title="Balatkara Gana">Balatkara Gana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtha_Sangha" title="Kashtha Sangha">Kashtha Sangha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taran_Panth" title="Taran Panth">Taran Panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bispanthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bispanthi">Bispanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digambara_Terapanth" title="Digambara Terapanth">Terapanth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapaniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Yapaniya">Yapaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji_Panth" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanji Panth">Kanji Panth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murtipujaka" title="Murtipujaka">Murtipujaka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaccha" title="Gaccha">Gaccha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharatara_Gaccha" title="Kharatara Gaccha">Kharatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapa_Gaccha" title="Tapa Gaccha">Tapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristutik_Gaccha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tristutik Gaccha">Tristutik</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sth%C4%81nakav%C4%81s%C4%AB" title="Sthānakavāsī">Sthānakavāsī</a></li> <li>Terapanth</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sallekhana" title="Sallekhana">Sallekhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_meditation" title="Jain meditation">Meditation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81m%C4%81yika" title="Sāmāyika">Sāmāyika</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Jainism" title="Fasting in Jainism">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_rituals" title="Jain rituals">Rituals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_festivals" title="Jain festivals">Festivals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paryushana" title="Paryushana">Paryushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshamavani" title="Kshamavani">Kshamavani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahamastakabhisheka" title="Mahamastakabhisheka">Mahamastakabhisheka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upadhan" title="Upadhan">Upadhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratikramana" title="Pratikramana">Pratikramana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_literature" title="Jain literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_Scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain Scriptures">Agama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravachanasara" title="Pravachanasara">Pravachanasara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatkhandagama" class="mw-redirect" title="Shatkhandagama">Shatkhandagama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasayapahuda" title="Kasayapahuda">Kasayapahuda</a></li> <li>Mantra <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namokar_Mantra" title="Namokar Mantra">Namokar Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamara_Stotra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaktamara Stotra">Bhaktamara Stotra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattvartha_Sutra" title="Tattvartha Sutra">Tattvartha Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samayas%C4%81ra" title="Samayasāra">Samayasāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptamimamsa" title="Aptamimamsa">Aptamimamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_S%C5%ABtra" title="Kalpa Sūtra">Kalpa Sūtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttaradhyayana" title="Uttaradhyayana">Uttaradhyayana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_symbols" title="Jain symbols">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_flag" title="Jain flag">Jain flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhachakra" title="Siddhachakra">Siddhachakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamangala" title="Ashtamangala">Ashtamangala</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shrivatsa" title="Shrivatsa">Shrivatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandavarta" title="Nandavarta">Nandavarta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auspicious_dreams_in_Jainism" title="Auspicious dreams in Jainism">Auspicious dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">Swastika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Ascetics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara_monk" title="Digambara monk">Digambara monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryika" title="Aryika">Aryika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshullak" title="Kshullak">Kshullak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattavali" title="Pattavali">Pattavali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_(Jainism)" title="Acharya (Jainism)">Acharya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nalini_Balbir" title="Nalini Balbir">Nalini Balbir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colette_Caillat" title="Colette Caillat">Colette Caillat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandabai" title="Chandabai">Chandabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Cort" title="John E. Cort">John E. Cort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dundas" title="Paul Dundas">Paul Dundas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virchand_Gandhi" title="Virchand Gandhi">Virchand Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Jacobi" title="Hermann Jacobi">Hermann Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champat_Rai_Jain" title="Champat Rai Jain">Champat Rai Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabh_Jaini" title="Padmanabh Jaini">Padmanabh Jaini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_D._Long" title="Jeffery D. Long">Jeffery D. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampan%C4%81" title="Hampanā">Hampa Nagarajaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Patil" title="Bal Patil">Bal Patil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinendra_Varni" title="Jinendra Varni">Jinendra Varni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_communities" title="Jain communities">Community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%81vaka_(Jainism)" title="Śrāvaka (Jainism)">Śrāvaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarak" title="Sarak">Sarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Jain" title="Tamil Jain">Tamil</a></li> <li>Organisations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambar_Jain_Mahasabha" title="Digambar Jain Mahasabha">Digambar Jain Mahasabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwa_Jain_Sangathan" title="Vishwa Jain Sangathan">Vishwa Jain Sangathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAINA" title="JAINA">JAINA</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Jainism in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_India" title="Jainism in India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Bundelkhand" title="Jainism in Bundelkhand">Bundelkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Delhi" title="Jainism in Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Goa" title="Jainism in Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Gujarat" title="Jainism in Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Haryana" title="Jainism in Haryana">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Karnataka" title="Jainism in Karnataka">Karnataka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_North_Karnataka" title="Jainism in North Karnataka">North</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Kerala" title="Jainism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Maharashtra" title="Jainism in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Mumbai" title="Jainism in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Rajasthan" title="Jainism in Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Jainism in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Jainism in Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Africa" title="Jainism in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Australia" title="Jainism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Belgium" title="Jainism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Canada" title="Jainism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Europe" title="Jainism in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Jainism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Japan" title="Jainism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Pakistan" title="Jainism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Singapore" title="Jainism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Southeast_Asia" title="Jainism in Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_the_United_States" title="Jainism in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Jainism and</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Jainism" title="Buddhism and Jainism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism and Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Jainism" title="Islam and Jainism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism" title="Jainism and Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_non-creationism" title="Jainism and non-creationism">Non-creationism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Dynasties and empires</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalukya_dynasty" title="Chalukya dynasty">Chalukya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_dynasty" title="Western Ganga dynasty">Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoysala_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoysala Empire">Hoysala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_dynasty" title="Solar dynasty">Ikshvaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_dynasty" title="Kadamba dynasty">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalinga (historical region)">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandya_dynasty" title="Pandya dynasty">Pandya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtrakuta dynasty">Rashtrakuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santara_dynasty" title="Santara dynasty">Santara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jainism" title="History of Jainism">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Jainism" title="Timeline of Jainism">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekendriya" title="Ekendriya">Ekendriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%B1ca-Parame%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhi" title="Pañca-Parameṣṭhi">Pañca-Parameṣṭhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratima_(Jainism)" title="Pratima (Jainism)">Pratima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salakapurusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Salakapurusa">Śalākāpuruṣa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavasarana" title="Samavasarana">Samavasarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain calendar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samvatsari" title="Samvatsari">Samvatsari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panch_Kalyanaka" title="Panch Kalyanaka">Panch Kalyanaka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ahimsa" title="Statue of Ahimsa">Statue of Ahimsa</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_stupa" title="Jain stupa">Stupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_sculpture" title="Jain sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_art" title="Jain art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_law" title="Jain law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigoda" title="Nigoda">Nigoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_terms_and_concepts" title="Jain terms and concepts">Jain terms and concepts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_differences_in_Jainism" title="Sexual differences in Jainism">Sexual differences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jains" title="List of Jains">List of Jains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jain_temples" title="List of Jain temples">List of Jain temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jain_monks" title="List of Jain monks">List of Jain ascetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Digambar_Jain_ascetics" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Digambar Jain ascetics">List of Digambar Jain ascetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Topics List (index)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Navboxes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Gods" title="Template:Jain Gods">Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Agamas" title="Template:Jain Agamas">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Gurus" title="Template:Jain Gurus">Monks & nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Jain_writers" title="Template:Modern Jain writers">Scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_temples" title="Template:Jain temples">Temples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_temples_in_North_America" title="Template:Jain temples in North America">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_centres_in_West_Bengal" title="Template:Jain centres in West Bengal">Bengal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F5DEB3;"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/31px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Place_of_worship" title="Template:Place of worship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Place_of_worship" title="Template talk:Place of worship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Place_of_worship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Place of worship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_of_worship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Place_of_worship" title="Place of worship">Places of worship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bahai_star.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bahai_star.svg/15px-Bahai_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bahai_star.svg/23px-Bahai_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bahai_star.svg/30px-Bahai_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_House_of_Worship" title="Baháʼí House of Worship">Baháʼí House of Worship</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/15px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/23px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/30px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vih%C4%81ra" title="Vihāra">Buddhist Monastery or Vihāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitya" title="Chaitya">Chaitya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">Pagoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaolin_Monastery" title="Shaolin Monastery">Shaolin Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa">Stupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wat" title="Wat">Wat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/12px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/18px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/24px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aum_Om_black.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aum_Om_black.svg/15px-Aum_Om_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aum_Om_black.svg/23px-Aum_Om_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aum_Om_black.svg/30px-Aum_Om_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple or Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_temple" title="Balinese temple">Balinese temple or Pura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jainism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Jainism.svg/12px-Jainism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Jainism.svg/18px-Jainism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Jainism.svg/24px-Jainism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="1559" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jain temple or Derasar or Basadi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Star_of_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Black_Star_of_David.svg/15px-Black_Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Black_Star_of_David.svg/23px-Black_Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Black_Star_of_David.svg/30px-Black_Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue"> Synagogue or Shul</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_of_Islam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Symbol_of_Islam.svg/15px-Symbol_of_Islam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Symbol_of_Islam.svg/23px-Symbol_of_Islam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Symbol_of_Islam.svg/30px-Symbol_of_Islam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dargah" class="mw-redirect" title="Dargah">Dargah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongbei_(Islamic_architecture)" title="Gongbei (Islamic architecture)">Gongbei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg/15px-Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg/23px-Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg/30px-Darfash_-_Mandaean_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="964" data-file-height="1615" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mandi_(Mandaeism)" title="Mandi (Mandaeism)">Mandi or Mashkhanna or Beth Manda</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">Paganism</a> & <a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">modern paganism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pagan_religions_symbols.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pagan_religions_symbols.png/20px-Pagan_religions_symbols.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pagan_religions_symbols.png/30px-Pagan_religions_symbols.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pagan_religions_symbols.png/40px-Pagan_religions_symbols.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_hof" title="Heathen hof">Heathen hof or Germanic pagan temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_circle" title="Magic circle">Magic circle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shintoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintoism">Shintoism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Torii.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Torii.svg/15px-Torii.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Torii.svg/23px-Torii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Torii.svg/30px-Torii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="574" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto Shrine or Jinja</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khanda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/15px-Khanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/23px-Khanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/30px-Khanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakua.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pakua.svg/15px-Pakua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pakua.svg/23px-Pakua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pakua.svg/30px-Pakua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="426" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Taoist_temple" title="Taoist temple">Taoist temple or Dàoguàn</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faravahar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/25px-Faravahar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/38px-Faravahar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/50px-Faravahar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fire_temple" title="Fire temple"> Fire temple or Agiary or Atashkadeh or Atashgah or Dar-e Mehr</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varying religions and beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">Altar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_(religious_practice)" title="Cult (religious practice)">Cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacral_architecture" title="Sacral architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asylum_(antiquity)" title="Asylum (antiquity)">Asylum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_image" title="Cult image">Cult image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_space" title="Sacred space">Sacred space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary" title="Sanctuary">Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine" title="Shrine">Shrine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">Temple</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_temple" title="Sun temple">Sun temple</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Note:</b> Sorted alphabetically except the last one</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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