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Retrieval-based Voice Conversion - Wikipedia
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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/RVC-Project/Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI/graphs/contributors">RVC-Project team</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">2024<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2024</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/RVC-Project/Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI/blob/main/docs/en/README.en.md">Github</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified Chinese">Simplified Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Voice conversion software</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MIT_License" title="MIT License">MIT License</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</b> (<b>RVC</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Open_source" title="Open source">open source</a> voice conversion <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">AI</a> algorithm that enables realistic speech-to-speech transformations, accurately preserving the intonation and audio characteristics of the original speaker.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contrast to <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">text-to-speech</a> systems such as <a href="/wiki/ElevenLabs" title="ElevenLabs">ElevenLabs</a>, RVC differs by providing speech-to-speech outputs instead. It maintains the modulation, timbre and vocal attributes of the original speaker, making it suitable for applications where emotional tone is crucial. </p><p>The algorithm enables both pre-processed and real-time voice conversion with low latency. This real-time capability marks a significant advancement over previous AI voice conversion technologies, such as So-vits SVC. Its speed and accuracy have led many to note that its generated voices sound near-indistinguishable from "real life", provided that sufficient computational specifications and resources (e.g., a powerful <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">GPU</a> and ample <a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">RAM</a>) are available when running it locally and that a high-quality voice model is used. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications_and_concerns">Applications and concerns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Applications and concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The technology enables voice changing and mimicry, allowing users to create accurate models of others using only a negligible amount of minutes of clear audio samples. These voice models can be saved as <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">.pth</span> (<a href="/wiki/PyTorch" title="PyTorch">PyTorch</a>) files. While this capability facilitates numerous creative applications, it has also raised concerns about potential misuse as <a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">deepfake</a> software for <a href="/wiki/Identity_theft" title="Identity theft">identity theft</a> and malicious impersonation through voice calls. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_pop_culture">In pop culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In pop culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>RVC inference has been used to create realistic depictions of song covers, such as replacing original vocals with characters like <a href="/wiki/Twilight_Sparkle" title="Twilight Sparkle">Twilight Sparkle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mordecai_(Regular_Show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mordecai (Regular Show)">Mordecai</a> to have them sing duets of popular music like "<a href="/wiki/Airplanes_(song)#2021_resurgence" title="Airplanes (song)">Airplanes</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Somebody_That_I_Used_to_Know" title="Somebody That I Used to Know">Somebody That I Used to Know</a>." These AI-generated covers, which can sound strikingly similar to the voice imitated, have gained popularity on platforms like <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> as humorous <a href="/wiki/Internet_meme" title="Internet meme">memes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCochard2024" class="citation web cs1">Cochard, David (January 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/axinc-ai/rvc-an-ai-powered-voice-changer-39927cc83bee">"RVC: An AI-Powered Voice Changer"</a>. <i>Medium</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=RVC%3A+An+AI-Powered+Voice+Changer&rft.date=2024-01-07&rft.aulast=Cochard&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Faxinc-ai%2Frvc-an-ai-powered-voice-changer-39927cc83bee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetrieval-based+Voice+Conversion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.aihub.wtf/essentials/whats-rvc/">"What's RVC"</a>. <i>AI Hub</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AI+Hub&rft.atitle=What%27s+RVC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.aihub.wtf%2Fessentials%2Fwhats-rvc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetrieval-based+Voice+Conversion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasuda2023" class="citation web cs1">Masuda, Naotake (September 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/qosmo-lab/state-of-the-art-singing-voice-conversion-methods-12f01b35405b">"State-of-the-art Singing Voice Conversion methods"</a>. <i>Medium</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=State-of-the-art+Singing+Voice+Conversion+methods&rft.date=2023-09-21&rft.aulast=Masuda&rft.aufirst=Naotake&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fqosmo-lab%2Fstate-of-the-art-singing-voice-conversion-methods-12f01b35405b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetrieval-based+Voice+Conversion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gudgud96.github.io/2024/09/26/annotated-rvc/">"Understanding RVC - Retrieval-based Voice Conversion"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+RVC+-+Retrieval-based+Voice+Conversion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgudgud96.github.io%2F2024%2F09%2F26%2Fannotated-rvc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetrieval-based+Voice+Conversion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techtactician.com/rvc-webui-ai-covers-how-to-voice-conversion-guide/">"RVC WebUI How To – Make AI Song Covers in Minutes! (Voice Conversion Guide) - Tech Tactician"</a>. <i>Tech Tactician</i>. 2023-07-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tech+Tactician&rft.atitle=RVC+WebUI+How+To+%E2%80%93+Make+AI+Song+Covers+in+Minutes%21+%28Voice+Conversion+Guide%29+-+Tech+Tactician&rft.date=2023-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechtactician.com%2Frvc-webui-ai-covers-how-to-voice-conversion-guide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetrieval-based+Voice+Conversion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;"><a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ESpeak" title="ESpeak">eSpeak</a>/<a href="/wiki/ESpeakNG" class="mw-redirect" title="ESpeakNG">eSpeakNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnopernicus" title="Gnopernicus">Gnopernicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnuspeech" title="Gnuspeech">Gnuspeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_(assistive_technology)" title="Orca (assistive technology)">Orca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Festival Speech Synthesis System</a>/<a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System#Flite" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Flite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeTTS" title="FreeTTS">FreeTTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatik_Text_Reader" title="Automatik Text Reader">Automatik Text Reader</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ESpeak" title="ESpeak">eCantorix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Lyricos / Flinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinsy" title="Sinsy">Sinsy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary <br />software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Polly" title="Amazon Polly">Amazon Polly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECtalk" title="DECtalk">DECtalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_Automatic_Mouth" title="Software Automatic Mouth">Software Automatic Mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_It!" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk It!">Talk It!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Agent" title="Microsoft Agent">Microsoft Agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Speech_API" title="Microsoft Speech API">Microsoft Speech API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_text-to-speech_voices" title="Microsoft text-to-speech voices">Microsoft text-to-speech voices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readspeaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Readspeaker">Readspeaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_browser" title="Voice browser">Voice browser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoolSpeech" title="CoolSpeech">CoolSpeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IVONA" class="mw-redirect" title="IVONA">IVONA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CereProc" title="CereProc">CereProc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CeVIO_Creative_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="CeVIO Creative Studio">CeVIO Creative Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiceroid" title="Voiceroid">Voiceroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaLaVoice" title="LaLaVoice">LaLaVoice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15.ai" title="15.ai">15.ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElevenLabs" title="ElevenLabs">ElevenLabs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alter/Ego" title="Alter/Ego">Alter/Ego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(music_software)" title="Cantor (music software)">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CeVIO" title="CeVIO">CeVIO Creative Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipspeech" title="Chipspeech">Chipspeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIAONiao_Virtual_Singer" title="NIAONiao Virtual Singer">NIAONiao Virtual Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPG_Phonem" title="PPG Phonem">PPG Phonem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Realivox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Realivox (page does not exist)">Realivox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Choirs" title="Symphonic Choirs">Symphonic Choirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utau" title="Utau">UTAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocalina" title="Vocalina">Vocalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocaloid" title="Vocaloid">Vocaloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaoice#Singer" title="Xiaoice">Xiaoice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Machine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echo_II_(expansion_card)" title="Echo II (expansion card)">Echo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockingboard" title="Mockingboard">Mockingboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattern_playback" title="Pattern playback">Pattern playback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phasor_(sound_synthesizer)" title="Phasor (sound synthesizer)">Phasor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_infrared_audible_signage" title="Remote infrared audible signage">RIAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments_LPC_Speech_Chips" title="Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips">Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Instrument_SP0256" title="General Instrument SP0256">General Instrument SP0256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TuVox" title="TuVox">TuVox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AOLbyPhone" class="mw-redirect" title="AOLbyPhone">AOLbyPhone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DialogOS" title="DialogOS">DialogOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Sbaitso" title="Dr. Sbaitso">Dr. Sbaitso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBROLA" title="MBROLA">MBROLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrator_(Windows)" title="Narrator (Windows)">Windows Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Speech_Server" title="Microsoft Speech Server">Microsoft Speech Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlainTalk" title="PlainTalk">PlainTalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_font" title="Voice font">Voice font</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speech_Synthesis_Markup_Language" title="Speech Synthesis Markup Language">Speech Synthesis Markup Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SABLE" title="SABLE">SABLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoiceXML" title="VoiceXML">VoiceXML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Developers/<br />Researchers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_W._Black" title="Alan W. Black">Alan W. Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Browman" title="Catherine Browman">Catherine Browman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Seaney_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Seaney Cooper">Franklin Seaney Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Fant" title="Gunnar Fant">Gunnar Fant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskins_Laboratories" title="Haskins Laboratories">Haskins Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_von_Kempelen" title="Wolfgang von Kempelen">Wolfgang von Kempelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Mattingly" title="Ignatius Mattingly">Ignatius Mattingly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rubin" title="Philip Rubin">Philip Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation" title="Yamaha Corporation">Yamaha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Articulatory_synthesis" title="Articulatory synthesis">Articulatory synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concatenative_synthesis" title="Concatenative synthesis">Concatenative synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currah" title="Currah">Currah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverse_filter" title="Inverse filter">Inverse filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSOLA" title="PSOLA">PSOLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phase_vocoder" title="Phase vocoder">Phase vocoder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-voicing" title="Self-voicing">Self-voicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_cloning" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice cloning">Voice cloning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐f2r5r Cached time: 20241124073331 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.336 seconds Real time usage: 0.449 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 989/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36618/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1655/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26891/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.221/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4864770/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 404.837 1 -total 24.28% 98.296 5 Template:Cite_web 22.76% 92.127 1 Template:Infobox_software 22.34% 90.457 3 Template:Navbox 22.15% 89.682 1 Template:Speech_synthesis 21.49% 87.019 1 Template:Infobox 19.77% 80.045 1 Template:Short_description 11.16% 45.197 2 Template:Pagetype 5.58% 22.597 4 Template:Main_other 4.96% 20.070 1 Template:Portal --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:77023218-0!canonical and timestamp 20241124073331 and revision id 1258480907. 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