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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Icons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Icons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deathrock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deathrock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Deathrock</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deathrock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haute_goth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haute_goth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Haute goth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haute_goth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gothic_Lolita" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gothic_Lolita"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Gothic Lolita</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gothic_Lolita-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aristocrat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aristocrat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Aristocrat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aristocrat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cybergoth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cybergoth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Cybergoth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cybergoth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_goth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_goth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Traditional goth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_goth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victorian_goth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victorian_goth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Victorian goth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victorian_goth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_media_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_media_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Social media influence</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_media_influence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Social media influence subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Social_media_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Performative_gothic_fashion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performative_gothic_fashion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Performative gothic fashion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performative_gothic_fashion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الموضة القوطية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموضة القوطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goot" title="Goot – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Goot" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotika_modo" title="Gotika modo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gotika modo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="مد گوتیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مد گوتیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_gothique" title="Mode gothique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mode gothique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%94%95_%ED%8C%A8%EC%85%98" title="고딕 패션 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고딕 패션" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fesyen_Gotik" title="Fesyen Gotik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fesyen Gotik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moda_gotica" title="Moda gotica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Moda gotica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אופנה גותית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אופנה גותית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="გოთური მოდა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გოთური მოდა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_(mode)" title="Gothic (mode) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gothic (mode)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ゴシック・ファッション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴシック・ファッション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moda_g%C3%B3tica" title="Moda gótica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Moda gótica" 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href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotik_moda" title="Gotik moda – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gotik moda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Готична мода – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Готична мода" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2104919#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG/220px-Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG/330px-Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG/440px-Goth_at_Kensal_Green_Cemetery.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1904" data-file-height="2554" /></a><figcaption>A goth woman at <a href="/wiki/Kensal_Green_Cemetery" title="Kensal Green Cemetery">Kensal Green Cemetery</a> open day, 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait,_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg/220px-Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg/330px-Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg/440px-Portrait%2C_Whitby_Gothic_Weekend%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Girl dressed in a Victorian costume during the <a href="/wiki/Whitby_Gothic_Weekend" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitby Gothic Weekend">Whitby Gothic Weekend</a> festival in 2013</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Gothic fashion</b> is a clothing style worn by members of the <a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">goth subculture</a>. A dark, sometimes morbid, fashion and style of <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">dress</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> typical gothic fashion includes black <a href="/wiki/Hair_coloring" title="Hair coloring">dyed hair</a> and black clothes.<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both male and female goths can wear dark <a href="/wiki/Eye_liner" title="Eye liner">eyeliner</a>, dark <a href="/wiki/Nail_polish" title="Nail polish">nail polish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lipstick" title="Lipstick">lipstick</a> (most often black), and dramatic makeup.<sup id="cite_ref-Fischer_143–148_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fischer_143–148-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Styles are often borrowed from the <a href="/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_European_fashion#Elizabethan_style" title="1550–1600 in European fashion">Elizabethans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">Victorians</a>. <a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a> imagery and paraphernalia are also common.<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gothic fashion is sometimes confused with <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion" title="Heavy metal fashion">heavy metal fashion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emo#Fashion_and_subculture" title="Emo">emo fashion</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitby_goth_couple.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Whitby_goth_couple.jpg/220px-Whitby_goth_couple.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Whitby_goth_couple.jpg/330px-Whitby_goth_couple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Whitby_goth_couple.jpg/440px-Whitby_goth_couple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>A male and female goth couple</figcaption></figure> <p>Cintra Wilson declares that "The origins of contemporary goth style are found in the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">Victorian</a> cult of mourning."<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Valerie_Steele" title="Valerie Steele">Valerie Steele</a> is an expert in the history of the style.<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Model_Sandi_J.,_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland,_Ohio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg/220px-Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg/330px-Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg/440px-Model_Sandi_J.%2C_Goth_Subculture_in_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="545" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>Goth model Sandi J.</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">Goth subculture</a> is stereotyped as eerie, mysterious, and complex, and the fashion is used as an outlet to express these characteristics. Goth fashion can be recognized by its stark black clothing. <a href="/wiki/Ted_Polhemus" title="Ted Polhemus">Ted Polhemus</a> described goth fashion as a "profusion of black velvets, lace, fishnets and leather tinged with scarlet or purple, accessorized with tightly laced corsets, gloves, precarious stilettos and silver jewelry depicting religious or occult themes".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nancy Kilpatrick's <i>Goth Bible: A Compendium for the Darkly Inclined</i> defines "<a href="/wiki/Poseur" title="Poseur">poseur</a>" for the goth scene as follows: "goth wannabes, usually young kids going through a goth phase who do not hold to goth sensibilities but want to be part of the goth crowd (...)". Kilpatrick contributor "Daoine O'" denigrates poseur goths as 'Batbabies' whose clothing is bought at [mall store] <a href="/wiki/Hot_Topic" title="Hot Topic">Hot Topic</a> with their parents' money".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Icons">Icons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Icons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One female role model is <a href="/wiki/Theda_Bara" title="Theda Bara">Theda Bara</a>, the 1910s <a href="/wiki/Femme_fatale" title="Femme fatale">femme fatale</a> known for her dark eyeshadow.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-steele26_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Siouxsie_Sioux" title="Siouxsie Sioux">Siouxsie Sioux</a> was particularly influential on the dress style of the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">gothic rock</a> scene; <a href="/wiki/Paul_Morley" title="Paul Morley">Paul Morley</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i> described <a href="/wiki/Siouxsie_and_the_Banshees" title="Siouxsie and the Banshees">Siouxsie and the Banshees</a>' 1980 gig at Futurama: "[Siouxsie was] modeling her newest outfit, the one that will influence how all the girls dress over the next few months. About half the girls at <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a> had used Sioux as a basis for their appearance, hair to ankle."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(musician)" title="Robert Smith (musician)">Robert Smith</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Musidora" title="Musidora">Musidora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bela_Lugosi" title="Bela Lugosi">Bela Lugosi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bettie_Page" title="Bettie Page">Bettie Page</a>, Winona Ryder, <a href="/wiki/Maila_Nurmi" title="Maila Nurmi">Vampira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morticia_Addams" title="Morticia Addams">Morticia Addams</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-steele26_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nico" title="Nico">Nico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rozz_Williams" title="Rozz Williams">Rozz Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lux_Interior" title="Lux Interior">Lux Interior</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Vanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave Vanian">Dave Vanian</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are also style icons. The 1980s established designers such as <a href="/wiki/Drew_Bernstein" title="Drew Bernstein">Drew Bernstein of Lip Service</a>, while the 1990s saw a surge of US-based gothic fashion designers, many of whom continue to evolve the style through the current day. Style magazines such as <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Beauty" title="Gothic Beauty">Gothic Beauty</a> have given repeat features to a select few gothic fashion designers who began their labels in the 1990s, such as Kambriel, <a href="/wiki/Rose_Mortem" title="Rose Mortem">Rose Mortem</a>, and Tyler Ondine of Heavy Red.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Influential goth models include <a href="/wiki/Wednesday_Mourning" title="Wednesday Mourning">Wednesday Mourning</a> and Lady Amaranth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></div> <p>During the emergence of the <a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">goth subculture</a> in 1980's <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> many genres of music played a large role in establishing the fashion trends - fashion spelled out the music an individual would listen to. Because of its origins, the major music inspirations during the early emergence of the goth subculture were similarly <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a> bands. Some bands who have influence gothic fashion over the years include bands like <a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_(band)" title="Bauhaus (band)">Bauhaus</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Cure" title="The Cure">the Cure</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Sisters_of_Mercy" title="The Sisters of Mercy">Sisters of Mercy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siouxsie_and_the_Banshees" title="Siouxsie and the Banshees">Siouxsie and the Banshees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Batcave_(club)" title="Batcave (club)">Batcave</a> was a nightclub in London, between 1982–1986, that hosted live music and paid homage to all things goth. The interior, as described by Kelly Rankin, included cobwebbed ceilings and a real coffin at the entrance. She says that "The Batcave became iconic because it aided the progression of this movement."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deathrock">Deathrock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Deathrock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">Deathrock</a> fashion, much like goth music, is closely related to goth fashion. The influences of the style come from a blend of glam rock, punk rock, gothic horror literature, and undead characters of classic horror films. The aesthetic was born from the early Los Angeles punk rock scene, and gained influences from fashion worn by patrons of the Batcave club in the UK as the two regional scenes had met. Many deathrockers have a dark DIY punk approach on their attire. The common theme of the aesthetic is dominantly black clothing: shirts featuring deathrock bands or horror themes, torn fishnets as a shirt and/or hosiery, pale fleshtone or pale white foundation and powder makeup on the face, black or darkly colored eye makeup, combat boots or <a href="/wiki/Doc_Martens" class="mw-redirect" title="Doc Martens">Doc Martens</a>, and skirts, leggings, <a href="/wiki/Slim_fit_pants" class="mw-redirect" title="Slim fit pants">slim fit pants</a> or shorts. Iconic hairstyles of this style are the "Deathhawk", mohawks or variants of mohawks, and spiky or teased hair. The horror punk and deathrock fashion section of the <a href="/wiki/Punk_fashion" title="Punk fashion">punk fashion</a> article has more details. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haute_goth">Haute goth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Haute goth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld" title="Karl Lagerfeld">Karl Lagerfeld</a> hosted the Soirée Moratoire Noir party, specifying "tenue tragique noire absolument obligatoire" (black tragic dress absolutely required).<sup id="cite_ref-steele35_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele35-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The event included elements associated with <a href="/wiki/Leather_subculture" title="Leather subculture">leatherman</a> style.<sup id="cite_ref-steele35_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele35-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Goth fashion has a reciprocal relationship with the fashion world. In the later part of the first decade of the 21st century, designers such as <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen" title="Alexander McQueen">Alexander McQueen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-steele3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anna_Sui" title="Anna Sui">Anna Sui</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Owens" title="Rick Owens">Rick Owens</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-steele3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Pugh" title="Gareth Pugh">Gareth Pugh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Demeulemeester" title="Ann Demeulemeester">Ann Demeulemeester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Plein" title="Philipp Plein">Philipp Plein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hedi_Slimane" title="Hedi Slimane">Hedi Slimane</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Richmond_(fashion_designer)" title="John Richmond (fashion designer)">John Richmond</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Galliano" title="John Galliano">John Galliano</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-steele3_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Theyskens" title="Olivier Theyskens">Olivier Theyskens</a><sup id="cite_ref-steele3_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-laferla_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laferla-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto" title="Yohji Yamamoto">Yohji Yamamoto</a><sup id="cite_ref-steele3_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> brought elements of goth to runways.<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was described as "Haute Goth" by Cintra Wilson in the <i>New York Times</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-cintra_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thierry_Mugler" title="Thierry Mugler">Thierry Mugler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Montana" title="Claude Montana">Claude Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier" title="Jean Paul Gaultier">Jean Paul Gaultier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lacroix" title="Christian Lacroix">Christian Lacroix</a> have also been associated with a gothic style.<sup id="cite_ref-grunenberg_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grunenberg-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Spring 2004, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Tisci" title="Riccardo Tisci">Riccardo Tisci</a>, Jean Paul Gaultier, <a href="/wiki/Raf_Simons" title="Raf Simons">Raf Simons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stefano_Pilati" title="Stefano Pilati">Stefano Pilati</a> dressed their models as "glamorous ghouls dressed in form-fitting suits and coal-tinted cocktail dresses".<sup id="cite_ref-laferla_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laferla-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Swedish designer Helena Hörstedt and jewelry artist Hanna Hedman also practice a goth aesthetic.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gothic_Lolita">Gothic Lolita</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gothic Lolita"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Lolita" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Lolita">Gothic Lolita</a>, sometimes shortened to <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><i>gosu rori</i></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">ゴスロリ</span></span>)</span> in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a> (or "goth loli" in roman characters), is a combination of gothic and <a href="/wiki/Lolita_fashion" title="Lolita fashion">lolita fashions</a>. The fashion originated in the late 1990s in <a href="/wiki/Harajuku" title="Harajuku">Harajuku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gothic Lolita fashion is characterized by darker make-up and clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-interview_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-interview-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red lipstick and smoky or neatly defined eyes, created using black eyeliner, are typical styles, although as with all lolita sub-styles the look remains fairly natural.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Gothic make-up has been associated with a white-powdered face, this is usually considered poor taste within the (largely Japanese) lolita fashion scene.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brands which exemplify the Gothic Lolita style include Atelier-Pierrot, Atelier Boz, Black Peace Now, <a href="/wiki/H._Naoto" title="H. Naoto">H. Naoto Blood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moi-m%C3%AAme-Moiti%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Moi-même-Moitié">Moi-même-Moitié</a>. Author and TV Host <a href="/wiki/La_Carmina" title="La Carmina">La Carmina</a> is a popular model of Gothic Lolita fashion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aristocrat">Aristocrat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Aristocrat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Aristocrat_(fashion)" title="Aristocrat (fashion)">Aristocrat</a> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Japanese_street_fashion" title="Japanese street fashion">Japanese street fashion</a>, championed by the <a href="/wiki/Visual_kei" title="Visual kei">visual kei</a> rock musician <a href="/wiki/Mana_(Japanese_musician)" title="Mana (Japanese musician)">Mana</a> with his fashion label <a href="/wiki/Moi-m%C3%AAme-Moiti%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Moi-même-Moitié">Moi-même-Moitié</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and influenced by gothic and <a href="/wiki/Neo-Victorian" title="Neo-Victorian">Neo-Victorian</a> fashions. A typical outfit will combine elements of <a href="/wiki/Fetish_wear" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetish wear">fetish wear</a> with Victorian and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">steampunk</a> fashions, including <a href="/wiki/Tight_pants" class="mw-redirect" title="Tight pants">tight pants</a>, velvet sportcoats, <a href="/wiki/Top_hat" title="Top hat">top hats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cravat_(early)" title="Cravat (early)">cravats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corsets</a>, ankle length skirts, lace <a href="/wiki/Petticoat" title="Petticoat">petticoats</a>, and the frilly <a href="/wiki/Pirate_shirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate shirt">pirate shirts</a> previously popularised by the <a href="/wiki/New_Romantics" class="mw-redirect" title="New Romantics">New Romantics</a> of the 1980s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cybergoth">Cybergoth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cybergoth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg/150px-Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg/225px-Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg/300px-Green_%5E_Lights_-_Flickr_-_SoulStealer.co.uk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3574" data-file-height="4791" /></a><figcaption>Two cybergoths</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cybergoth" title="Cybergoth">Cybergoth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rivethead" title="Rivethead">rivethead</a> subcultures emerged in America during the late 1990s, and combined classic gothic fashions such as leather <a href="/wiki/Duster_coat" class="mw-redirect" title="Duster coat">duster coats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tripp_pants" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripp pants">tripp pants</a> or Demonia brand <a href="/wiki/Platform_boots" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform boots">platform boots</a> with the clothing worn by fans of <a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">industrial metal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rave_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Rave music">rave music</a> to create a <a href="/wiki/Dystopian" class="mw-redirect" title="Dystopian">dystopian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Futuristic" class="mw-redirect" title="Futuristic">futuristic</a> <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a> look.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shaved_head" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaved head">Shaved heads</a>, synthetic <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">neon</a> <a href="/wiki/Dreadlocks" title="Dreadlocks">dreadlocks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camouflage" title="Camouflage">camouflage</a>, tight leather pants, chains, <a href="/wiki/Platform_boots" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform boots">platform boots</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stretched <a href="/wiki/Body_piercing" title="Body piercing">body piercings</a>, sleeve tattoos, <a href="/wiki/Goggles" title="Goggles">goggles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corsets</a>, PVC or <a href="/wiki/Leather_skirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Leather skirt">leather skirts</a>, and black <a href="/wiki/Trenchcoat" class="mw-redirect" title="Trenchcoat">trenchcoats</a> decorated with metal <a href="/wiki/Cleat_(shoe)" title="Cleat (shoe)">studs</a> are frequently seen on members of this subculture.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_goth">Traditional goth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Traditional goth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional goth (or trad goth) is a term defining the aesthetic that reflects the classic and original aesthetics of Goth from the 1980s. The examples are from the attire worn by Bauhaus, Siouxsie Sioux and the Cure. Dominantly black clothing, <a href="/wiki/Brothel_creepers" class="mw-redirect" title="Brothel creepers">creepers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winklepicker" title="Winklepicker">winklepickers</a>, and backcombed, disheveled hair are common. Patrons of the Batcave club in the UK had an impact on the fashion with the attire they wore. This also has close relation to the <a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">deathrock</a> revival and fashion, as the 1980s goth and Batcave fashion influenced the aesthetic over the decades into the 2010s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Victorian_goth">Victorian goth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Victorian goth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goth_weekends_(63615643).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg/220px-Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg/330px-Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg/440px-Goth_weekends_%2863615643%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Victorian Goth inspired fashion</figcaption></figure> <p>Victorian goth is a modern fashion movement that interprets and redefines certain aspects regarding fashion of the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian Era</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Victorian Era is notable for having big dresses and elegant hair, and these elements have made subsequent integration into modern day main stream gothic fashion. With early inspiration taken from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_art" title="Medieval art">medieval</a> settings that were used by <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>, in addition to late-Victorian examples of gothic fashion that are used in Bram Stoker's <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_media_influence">Social media influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Social media influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a> has increased the level of awareness surrounding gothic fashion trends, but this has also modified the dynamic and expectations within the community itself.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bianca Wooden describes the emergence of a new wave of goth fad fashion and says that "goth has become less of an organic movement and more of a calculated brand".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performative_gothic_fashion">Performative gothic fashion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Performative gothic fashion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Goth YouTuber Angela Benedict describes in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeSz_15_DkA">this video</a>, some of the negative impacts that social media has had on gothic fashion. Some of these include the increased emergence of "elitist goths"<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who shame others for not being "goth" enough. This has led to many online goths who portray their gloomy attire and dramatic makeup looks only to take pictures or film videos.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_image" title="Body image">Body image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Goth" title="Health Goth">Health Goth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion" title="Heavy metal fashion">Heavy metal fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetish_fashion" title="Fetish fashion">Fetish fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Gothic_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="New Gothic Art">New Gothic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_fashion" title="Punk fashion">Punk fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">Goth subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li></ul> <p><i>Fashion accessories</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choker" title="Choker">Choker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishnet" title="Fishnet">Fishnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-heeled_shoe" title="High-heeled shoe">High-heeled shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winklepicker" title="Winklepicker">Pointed boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thigh-high_boot" class="mw-redirect" title="Thigh-high boot">Thigh-high boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corset</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Footnotes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-grunenberg2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg2_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrunenberg1997">Grunenberg 1997</a>, p. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fischer_143–148-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fischer_143–148_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFischer2019" class="citation journal cs1">Fischer, Rachel K. (22 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.ala.org/index.php/rusq/article/view/7040">"The Alert Collector: The Gothic Aesthetic: From the Ancient Germanic Tribes to the Contemporary Goth Subculture"</a>. <i>Reference & User Services Quarterly</i>. <b>58</b> (3): 143–148. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5860%2Frusq.58.3.7040">10.5860/rusq.58.3.7040</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1094-9054">1094-9054</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:196182083">196182083</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reference+%26+User+Services+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Alert+Collector%3A+The+Gothic+Aesthetic%3A+From+the+Ancient+Germanic+Tribes+to+the+Contemporary+Goth+Subculture&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=143-148&rft.date=2019-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A196182083%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1094-9054&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5860%2Frusq.58.3.7040&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Rachel+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.ala.org%2Findex.php%2Frusq%2Farticle%2Fview%2F7040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cintra-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cintra_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2008" class="citation news cs1">Wilson, Cintra (17 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/18/fashion/18GOTH.html">"You just can't kill it"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=You+just+can%27t+kill+it&rft.date=2008-09-17&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Cintra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F09%2F18%2Ffashion%2F18GOTH.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPolhemus1994">Polhemus 1994</a>, p. 97</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nancy Kilpatrick. <i>Goth Bible: A Compendium for the Darkly Inclined</i>. St. Martin's Griffin, 2004, p. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHannaham1997">Hannaham 1997</a>, p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-steele26-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-steele26_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele26_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteelePark2008">Steele & Park 2008</a>, p. 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reynolds, p. 425.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHannaham1997">Hannaham 1997</a>, p. 113</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteelePark2008">Steele & Park 2008</a>, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteelePark2008">Steele & Park 2008</a>, p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoliday2014" class="citation journal cs1">Holiday, Steven (12 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gothicbeauty.com">"Gothic Beauty"</a>. Portland, OR: Holiday Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gothic+Beauty&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.aulast=Holiday&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gothicbeauty.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/the-batcave-club-london-goth-movement-1980s/">"The Batcave Club, London: Where the 1980s goth movement began"</a>. 7 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Batcave+Club%2C+London%3A+Where+the+1980s+goth+movement+began&rft.date=2020-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffaroutmagazine.co.uk%2Fthe-batcave-club-london-goth-movement-1980s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWooden2016" class="citation web cs1">Wooden, Bianca (13 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.millennialinflux.com/goths-social-media-changing-subculture/">"Goths On Social Media Are Changing the Subculture"</a>. <i>Millennial Influx</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Millennial+Influx&rft.atitle=Goths+On+Social+Media+Are+Changing+the+Subculture&rft.date=2016-11-13&rft.aulast=Wooden&rft.aufirst=Bianca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.millennialinflux.com%2Fgoths-social-media-changing-subculture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-steele35-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-steele35_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele35_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteelePark2008">Steele & Park 2008</a>, p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grunenberg-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grunenberg_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrunenberg1997">Grunenberg 1997</a>, p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-steele3-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-steele3_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele3_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele3_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele3_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steele3_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteelePark2008">Steele & Park 2008</a>, p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolton2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)" title="Andrew Bolton (curator)">Bolton, Andrew</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=veh5m5QdWL8C&q=anna+sui"><i>Anna Sui</i></a>. New York: Chronicle Books. pp. 100–109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1452128597" title="Special:BookSources/978-1452128597"><bdi>978-1452128597</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anna+Sui&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=100-109&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1452128597&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dveh5m5QdWL8C%26q%3Danna%2Bsui&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-laferla-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-laferla_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laferla_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">La Ferla, Ruth: "Embrace the Darkness". <i>New York Times</i>, 30 October 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/30/fashion/sundaystyles/30GOTH.html">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johanna Lenander, "Swede and Sour: Scandinavian Goth," <i>New York Times: T Magazine</i>, 27 March 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://themoment.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/03/27/swede-and-sour-scandinavian-goth/?hpw">[2]</a> Access date: 29 March 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://uni.opole.pl/~wanke/masowe/Yuniya_Kawamura_-_Japanese_teens_as_producers_of_street_fashion_-_Current_Sociology_5_2006.pdf">[3]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120321002750/http://uni.opole.pl/~wanke/masowe/Yuniya_Kawamura_-_Japanese_teens_as_producers_of_street_fashion_-_Current_Sociology_5_2006.pdf">Archived</a> 21 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-interview-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-interview_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAoki,_Deb" class="citation web cs1">Aoki, Deb. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080330003651/http://manga.about.com/od/mangaartistswriters/a/JWinterberg.htm">"Interview with the Editors of the Gothic and Lolita Bible"</a>. <a href="/wiki/About.com" class="mw-redirect" title="About.com">About.com</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://manga.about.com/od/mangaartistswriters/a/JWinterberg.htm">the original</a> on 30 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+the+Editors+of+the+Gothic+and+Lolita+Bible&rft.pub=About.com&rft.au=Aoki%2C+Deb&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmanga.about.com%2Fod%2Fmangaartistswriters%2Fa%2FJWinterberg.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2002" class="citation journal cs1">Anonymous (2002). "Gothic Lolita Hair and Make Up". <i><a href="/wiki/Gothic_%26_Lolita_Bible" title="Gothic & Lolita Bible">Gothic & Lolita Bible</a></i>. <b>4</b>. Nuuberuguu: 79.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gothic+%26+Lolita+Bible&rft.atitle=Gothic+Lolita+Hair+and+Make+Up&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=79&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Anonymous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2002" class="citation journal cs1">Anonymous (2002). "Neo Gothic Style". <i><a href="/wiki/Gothic_%26_Lolita_Bible" title="Gothic & Lolita Bible">Gothic & Lolita Bible</a></i>. <b>4</b>. Nuuberuguu: 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gothic+%26+Lolita+Bible&rft.atitle=Neo+Gothic+Style&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=81&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Anonymous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2002" class="citation journal cs1">Anonymous (2002). "Artist Brands: Part 1, Mana x Moi-mene-Moitie". <i><a href="/wiki/Gothic_%26_Lolita_Bible" title="Gothic & Lolita Bible">Gothic & Lolita Bible</a></i>. <b>4</b>. Nuuberguu: 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gothic+%26+Lolita+Bible&rft.atitle=Artist+Brands%3A+Part+1%2C+Mana+x+Moi-mene-Moitie&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Anonymous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/09/13/1031608320631.html">Dead fashionable</a>. Theage.com.au (13 September 2002).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Lauren M. E. Goodlad, Michael Bibby: Goth. Undead subculture, Duke University Press, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-3921-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-3921-2">978-0-8223-3921-2</a>, p. 47]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sewguide.com/gothic-fashion-clothing/">"Gothic Fashion & clothing : The different variations of this style"</a>. <i>Sew Guide</i>. 2 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sew+Guide&rft.atitle=Gothic+Fashion+%26+clothing+%3A+The+different+variations+of+this+style&rft.date=2020-01-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsewguide.com%2Fgothic-fashion-clothing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Baddeley, Gavin (2002). Goth Chic: A Connoisseur's Guide to Dark Culture. London: Plexus Publishing, p. 204.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thepragmaticcostumer.wordpress.com/2012/06/18/from-conventions-to-curators-historical-gothic-victorian-fashion/">"From Conventions to Curators: Historical Gothic Victorian Fashion"</a>. <i>The Pragmatic Costumer</i>. 18 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pragmatic+Costumer&rft.atitle=From+Conventions+to+Curators%3A+Historical+Gothic+Victorian+Fashion&rft.date=2012-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepragmaticcostumer.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F06%2F18%2Ffrom-conventions-to-curators-historical-gothic-victorian-fashion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/the-origins-of-the-gothic">"British Library"</a>. <i>www.bl.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bl.uk&rft.atitle=British+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bl.uk%2Fromantics-and-victorians%2Farticles%2Fthe-origins-of-the-gothic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrunenberg1997" class="citation book cs1">Grunenberg, Christoph (1997). "Unsolved Mysteries: Gothic Tales from <i>Frankenstein</i> to the Hair Eating Doll". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0bhOPgAACAAJ"><i>Gothic: Transmutations of Horror in Late-Twentieth-Century Art</i></a>. Boston: Mit Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-57128-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-57128-9"><bdi>978-0-262-57128-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Unsolved+Mysteries%3A+Gothic+Tales+from+Frankenstein+to+the+Hair+Eating+Doll&rft.btitle=Gothic%3A+Transmutations+of+Horror+in+Late-Twentieth-Century+Art&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Mit+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-262-57128-9&rft.aulast=Grunenberg&rft.aufirst=Christoph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0bhOPgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannaham1997" class="citation book cs1">Hannaham, James (1997). "Bela Lugosi's Dead and I Don't Feel So Good Either: Goth and the Glorification of Suffering in Rock Music". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0bhOPgAACAAJ"><i>Gothic: Transmutations of Horror in Late-Twentieth-Century Art</i></a>. Boston: Mit Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-57128-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-57128-9"><bdi>978-0-262-57128-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bela+Lugosi%27s+Dead+and+I+Don%27t+Feel+So+Good+Either%3A+Goth+and+the+Glorification+of+Suffering+in+Rock+Music&rft.btitle=Gothic%3A+Transmutations+of+Horror+in+Late-Twentieth-Century+Art&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Mit+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-262-57128-9&rft.aulast=Hannaham&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0bhOPgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolhemus1994" class="citation book cs1">Polhemus, Ted (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/streetstylefroms0000polh"><i>Streetstyle: from sidewalk to catwalk</i></a></span>. Thames and Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-27794-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-27794-2"><bdi>978-0-500-27794-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Streetstyle%3A+from+sidewalk+to+catwalk&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-500-27794-2&rft.aulast=Polhemus&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstreetstylefroms0000polh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteelePark2008" class="citation book cs1">Steele, Valerie; Park, Jennifer (21 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVIYAQAAIAAJ"><i>Gothic: Dark Glamour</i></a>. Yale University Press and the Fashion Institute of Technology. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300136944" title="Special:BookSources/9780300136944"><bdi>9780300136944</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gothic%3A+Dark+Glamour&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press+and+the+Fashion+Institute+of+Technology&rft.date=2008-10-21&rft.isbn=9780300136944&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.au=Park%2C+Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZVIYAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGothic+fashion" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gothic" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gothic" title="Template:Gothic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gothic" title="Template talk:Gothic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gothic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gothic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gothic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Gothic</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Gothic" title="Crimean Gothic">Crimean Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Christianity" title="Gothic Christianity">Gothic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Late medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Gothic" title="Belarusian Gothic">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabantine_Gothic" title="Brabantine Gothic">Brabantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Gothic" title="Brick Gothic">Brick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Gothic_architecture" title="Czech Gothic architecture">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Gothic_architecture" title="English Gothic architecture">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamboyant" title="Flamboyant">Flamboyant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Gothic_architecture" title="French Gothic architecture">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelline_Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabelline Gothic">Isabelline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Gothic_architecture" title="Italian Gothic architecture">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Gothic_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Gothic architecture">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Gothic_architecture" title="Portuguese Gothic architecture">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayonnant" title="Rayonnant">Rayonnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sondergotik" title="Sondergotik">Sondergotik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Gothic_architecture" title="Spanish Gothic architecture">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Gothic_architecture" title="Venetian Gothic architecture">Venetian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_art" title="Gothic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackletter" title="Blackletter">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_sculpture" title="Gothic sculpture">Sculpture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_boxwood_miniature" title="Gothic boxwood miniature">Boxwood miniature</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Romanticism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Gothic_Fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="American Gothic Fiction">American Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothicism" title="Gothicism">Gothicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carpenter_Gothic" title="Carpenter Gothic">Carpenter / Rural Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic" title="Collegiate Gothic">Collegiate Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissenting_Gothic" title="Dissenting Gothic">Dissenting Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Victorian_Gothic" title="High Victorian Gothic">High Victorian Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Manueline" title="Neo-Manueline">Neo-Manueline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_baronial_architecture" title="Scottish baronial architecture">Scottish baronial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troubadour_style" title="Troubadour style">Troubadour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="List of Gothic Revival architecture">By specific country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture_in_Canada" title="Gothic Revival architecture in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture_in_Poland" title="Gothic Revival architecture in Poland">Poland</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban Gothic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern literature<br />and art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Gothic_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="New Gothic Art">New Gothic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raygun_Gothic" title="Raygun Gothic">Raygun Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ontario_Gothic" title="Southern Ontario Gothic">Southern Ontario Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Goth" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Goth">Space Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Gothic" title="Tasmanian Gothic">Tasmanian Gothic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern subculture,<br />music and film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">Gothic subculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybergoth" title="Cybergoth">Cybergoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Goth" title="Health Goth">Health Goth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gothic fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic romance film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_metal" title="Gothic metal">Gothic metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothabilly" title="Gothabilly">Gothabilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_belly_dance" title="Gothic belly dance">Gothic belly dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_wave" title="Dark wave">Dark wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic punk">Gothic punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Western" title="Gothic Western">Gothic Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_punk" title="Horror punk">Horror punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">Black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmicism" title="Cosmicism">Cosmicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danse_Macabre" title="Danse Macabre">Danse Macabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_culture" title="Dark culture">Dark culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_fantasy" title="Dark fantasy">Dark fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">Deathrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein" title="Frankenstein">Frankenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism">German Expressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloom" title="Gloom">Gloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Satanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Satanism">Gothic Satanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotesque" title="Grotesque">Grotesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotesquerie" title="Grotesquerie">Grotesquerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_and_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Horror and Terror">Horror and Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror-of-demonic" title="Horror-of-demonic">Horror-of-demonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror-of-personality" title="Horror-of-personality">Horror-of-personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">Industrial music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gothic_festivals" title="List of gothic festivals">List of gothic festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gothic_fiction_works" title="List of gothic fiction works">List of gothic fiction works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolita_fashion" title="Lolita fashion">Lolita fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_du_si%C3%A8cle" title="Mal du siècle">Mal du siècle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memento_Mori" class="mw-redirect" title="Memento Mori">Memento Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_literature" title="Monster literature">Monster literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Victorian" title="Neo-Victorian">Neo-Victorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Romantic" title="New Romantic">New Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective" class="mw-redirect" title="Occult detective">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occultism" class="mw-redirect" title="Occultism">Occultism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossuary" title="Ossuary">Ossuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanesque_revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanesque revival">Romanesque revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubi_sunt" title="Ubi sunt">Ubi sunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_monsters" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal monsters">Universal monsters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Vampire fiction">Vampire fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">Victorian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_fiction" title="Weird fiction">Weird fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_menace" title="Weird menace">Weird menace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Goth_subculture" style="text-align:center;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:black; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Goth_subculture" title="Template:Goth subculture"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Goth_subculture" title="Template talk:Goth subculture"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Goth_subculture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Goth subculture"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Goth_subculture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture"><span style="color:white">Goth subculture</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Associated music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothabilly" title="Gothabilly">Gothabilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_country" title="Gothic country">Gothic country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">Deathrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_wave" title="Dark wave">Dark wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethereal_wave" title="Ethereal wave">Ethereal wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_wave_(music)" title="Cold wave (music)">Cold wave</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Notable bands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Cure" title="The Cure">The Cure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Death" title="Christian Death">Christian Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_(band)" title="Bauhaus (band)">Bauhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siouxsie_and_the_Banshees" title="Siouxsie and the Banshees">Siouxsie and the Banshees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sisters_of_Mercy" title="The Sisters of Mercy">The Sisters of Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Damned_(band)" title="The Damned (band)">The Damned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_Sex_Fiend" title="Alien Sex Fiend">Alien Sex Fiend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Can_Dance" title="Dead Can Dance">Dead Can Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocteau_Twins" title="Cocteau Twins">Cocteau Twins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fields_of_the_Nephilim" title="Fields of the Nephilim">Fields of the Nephilim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gothic_rock_artists" title="List of gothic rock artists">List of gothic rock artists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Notable figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(musician)" title="Robert Smith (musician)">Robert Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Murphy_(musician)" title="Peter Murphy (musician)">Peter Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siouxsie_Sioux" title="Siouxsie Sioux">Siouxsie Sioux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Curtis" title="Ian Curtis">Ian Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Eldritch" title="Andrew Eldritch">Andrew Eldritch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Cave" title="Nick Cave">Nick Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Peterson" title="Cassandra Peterson">Cassandra Peterson/Elvira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_O" title="Eva O">Eva O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinah_Cancer" title="Dinah Cancer">Dinah Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monica_Richards" title="Monica Richards">Monica Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Hammer" title="Lisa Hammer">Lisa Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozz_Williams" title="Rozz Williams">Rozz Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitane_DeMone" title="Gitane DeMone">Gitane DeMone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Morrison" title="Patricia Morrison">Patricia Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_McCoy" title="Carl McCoy">Carl McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Fraser" title="Elizabeth Fraser">Elizabeth Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Hammer" title="Doc Hammer">Doc Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Gerrard" title="Lisa Gerrard">Lisa Gerrard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Perry" title="Brendan Perry">Brendan Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethany_Black" title="Bethany Black">Bethany Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wednesday_Mourning" title="Wednesday Mourning">Wednesday Mourning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Regional scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_(nightclub)" title="Neo (nightclub)">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantasy_Theater" title="Phantasy Theater">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Dark_Alternative_Movement" title="Singapore Dark Alternative Movement">Singapore Dark Alternative Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_goth_scene" title="Toronto goth scene">Toronto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Notable club nights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F_Club" title="F Club">F Club (1977–1982)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Phonographique" title="Le Phonographique">Le Phonographique (1979–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batcave_(club)" title="Batcave (club)">Batcave (1982–1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrowerkz#Slimelight" title="Electrowerkz">Slimelight (1987–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_Guild" title="Death Guild">Death Guild (1993–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xmortis" title="Xmortis">Xmortis (2004–)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Notable events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wave-Gotik-Treffen" title="Wave-Gotik-Treffen">Wave-Gotik-Treffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%27era_Luna_Festival" title="M'era Luna Festival">M'era Luna Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_Dead_Festival" title="Drop Dead Festival">Drop Dead Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumous_Gothic_Festival" title="Lumous Gothic Festival">Lumous Gothic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitby_Goth_Weekend" title="Whitby Goth Weekend">Whitby Goth Weekend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convergence_(goth_festival)" title="Convergence (goth festival)">Convergence (goth festival)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bats_Day_in_the_Fun_Park" title="Bats Day in the Fun Park">Bats Day in the Fun Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Goth_Day" title="World Goth Day">World Goth Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gothic_festivals" title="List of gothic festivals">List of gothic festivals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Art and fashion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Gothic" title="New Gothic">Art</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fashion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybergoth" title="Cybergoth">Cybergoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Goth" title="Health Goth">Health Goth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Bernstein" title="Drew Bernstein">Lip Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Beauty" title="Gothic Beauty">Gothic Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mortem" title="Rose Mortem">Rose Mortem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gorey" title="Edward Gorey">Edward Gorey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_hair" title="Big hair">Big hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathhawk" class="mw-redirect" title="Deathhawk">Deathhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backcombing" title="Backcombing">Backcombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winklepickers" class="mw-redirect" title="Winklepickers">Winklepickers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">Film and literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Addams_Family" title="The Addams Family">The Addams Family</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triana_Orpheus" class="mw-redirect" title="Triana Orpheus">Triana Orpheus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crow" title="The Crow">The Crow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Goodbye_Family" title="The Goodbye Family">The Goodbye Family</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Munsters" title="The Munsters">The Munsters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sandman_(comic_book)" title="The Sandman (comic book)">The Sandman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Craft_(film)" title="The Craft (film)">The Craft</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_83" title="Gypsy 83">Gypsy 83</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:black; color:white;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black" title="Black">Black</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_black" title="Shades of black">Shades of black</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_music_subcultures" title="Suicide in music subcultures">Suicide in music subcultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseur" title="Poseur">Poseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_culture" title="Dark culture">Dark culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mall_goth" title="Mall goth">Mall goth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fashion_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fashion" title="Template:Fashion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fashion" title="Template talk:Fashion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fashion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fashion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fashion_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Index_of_fashion_articles" title="Index of fashion articles">Index of fashion articles</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion" title="Environmental impact of fashion">Environmental impact of fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">Fashion accessory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_design" title="Fashion design">Fashion design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_design_copyright" title="Fashion design copyright">Fashion design copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_matrix" title="Fashion matrix">Fashion matrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_museum" title="Fashion museum">Fashion museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_plate" title="Fashion plate">Fashion plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_tourism" title="Fashion tourism">Fashion tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiotics_of_fashion" title="Semiotics of fashion">Semiotics of fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg/75px-Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg/113px-Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg/150px-Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="1763" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_fashion_design" title="History of fashion design">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">History of clothing and textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion" title="History of Western fashion">History of Western fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fashion_design" title="History of fashion design">History of fashion design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">Timeline of clothing and textiles technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_century_in_fashion" title="19th century in fashion">19th century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_century_in_fashion" class="mw-redirect" title="21st century in fashion">21st century</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_fashion_events" title="List of fashion events">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_show" title="Fashion show">Fashion show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_week" title="Fashion week">Fashion week</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion industry">Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fashion_awards" title="Category:Fashion awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_industry" title="Clothing industry">Clothing industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designer_clothing" title="Designer clothing">Designer clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_fashion" title="Digital fashion">Digital fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_blog" title="Fashion blog">Fashion blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_capital" title="Fashion capital">Fashion capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_entrepreneur" title="Fashion entrepreneur">Fashion entrepreneur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_editor" title="Fashion editor">Fashion editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_forecasting" title="Fashion forecasting">Fashion forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_illustration" title="Fashion illustration">Fashion illustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_influencer" title="Fashion influencer">Fashion influencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_journalism" title="Fashion journalism">Fashion journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_law" title="Fashion law">Fashion law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_photography" title="Fashion photography">Fashion photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_merchandising" title="Fashion merchandising">Fashion merchandising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_fashion" title="Fast fashion">Fast fashion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fast_fashion_in_China" title="Fast fashion in China">in China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion" title="Red carpet fashion">Red carpet fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_in_the_fashion_industry" title="Social media in the fashion industry">Social media in the fashion industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweatshop" title="Sweatshop">Sweatshop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trickle-up_fashion" title="Trickle-up fashion">Trickle-up fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trickle-down_fashion" title="Trickle-down fashion">Trickle-down fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional<br />clothing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_dress" title="Ceremonial dress">Ceremonial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_dress" title="Court dress">Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform" title="Diplomatic uniform">Diplomatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress" title="Academic dress">Academic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_uniform" title="Military uniform">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">Full</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform" title="Mess dress uniform">Mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_dress_uniform" title="Service dress uniform">Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sailor_suit" title="Sailor suit">Sailor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_uniform" title="Combat uniform">Combat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Western dress codes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formal_wear" title="Formal wear">Formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress" title="Morning dress">Morning dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">White tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">Ball gown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-formal_wear" title="Semi-formal wear">Semi-formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_lounge_suit" title="Black lounge suit">Black lounge suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">Black tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening gown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informal_wear" title="Informal wear">Informal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suit" title="Suit">Suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsuit" title="Pantsuit">Pantsuit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_clothing" title="Religious clothing">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_clothing" title="Christian clothing">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing" title="Jewish religious clothing">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_fashion" title="Islamic fashion">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_fashion" title="Modest fashion">Modest fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Casual_wear" title="Casual wear">Casual</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Smart_casual" title="Smart casual">Smart casual</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_country_clothing" title="British country clothing">British country clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_casual" title="Business casual">Business casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chic" title="Chic">Chic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preppy" title="Preppy">Preppy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivy_League_(clothes)" title="Ivy League (clothes)">Ivy League</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_(subculture)" title="Mod (subculture)">Mod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloane_Ranger" title="Sloane Ranger">Sloane Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Boys" title="Teddy Boys">Teddy Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_fogey" title="Young fogey">Young fogey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Street_fashion" class="mw-redirect" title="Street fashion">Street fashion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Streetwear" title="Streetwear">Streetwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion" title="Hip hop fashion">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie#Art_and_fashion" title="Hippie">Hippie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)" title="Hipster (contemporary subculture)">Hipster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportswear" title="Sportswear">Sportswear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athleisure" title="Athleisure">Athleisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorpcore" title="Gorpcore">Gorpcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)" title="Sportswear (fashion)">Sportswear fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfwear" class="mw-redirect" title="Surfwear">Surfwear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto_fabulous" title="Ghetto fabulous">Ghetto fabulous</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bling-bling" title="Bling-bling">Bling-bling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_clothing" title="Vintage clothing">Vintage fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fashion" title="Alternative fashion">Alternative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Androgyny_in_fashion" title="Androgyny in fashion">Androgyny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_style" title="Bohemian style">Bohemian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo" title="Emo">Emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetish_fashion" title="Fetish fashion">Fetish</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolita_fashion" title="Lolita fashion">Lolita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_fashion" title="Queer fashion">Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinhead" title="Skinhead">Skinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk_fashion" title="Steampunk fashion">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrift_store_chic" title="Thrift store chic">Thrift store chic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocker_(subculture)" title="Rocker (subculture)">Rocker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greaser_(subculture)" title="Greaser (subculture)">Greaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glam_rock" title="Glam rock">Glam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge_fashion" title="Grunge fashion">Grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion" title="Heavy metal fashion">Heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_fashion" title="Punk fashion">Punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skate_punk" title="Skate punk">Skate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockabilly" title="Rockabilly">Rockabilly</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">American fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_fashion" title="Canadian fashion">Canadian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_fashion" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese fashion">Chinese fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion in the Philippines">Filipino fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_fashion" title="French fashion">French fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_fashion" title="German fashion">German fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_India" title="Fashion in India">Indian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_Iran" title="Fashion in Iran">Iranian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_fashion" title="Israeli fashion">Israeli fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Italian fashion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_street_fashion" title="Japanese street fashion">Japanese fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_Nigeria" title="Fashion in Nigeria">Nigerian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fashion" title="Russian fashion">Russian fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_South_Korea" title="Fashion in South Korea">South Korean fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_fashion" title="Swedish fashion">Swedish fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing" title="History of Thai clothing">Thai fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing" title="Vietnamese clothing">Vietnamese clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_activism" title="Fashion activism">Fashion activism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fashion" title="Anti-fashion">Anti-fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-sweatshop_movement" title="Anti-sweatshop movement">Anti-sweatshop movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_fashion" title="Circular fashion">Circular fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_sustainability_of_vintage_fashion" title="Environmental sustainability of vintage fashion">Environmental sustainability of vintage fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_consumerism" title="Ethical consumerism">Ethical consumerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade_certification" title="Fair trade certification">Fair trade certification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fashion" title="Sustainable fashion">Sustainable fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_fashion" title="Slow fashion">Slow fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">Textile recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trashion" title="Trashion">Trashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-waste_fashion" title="Zero-waste fashion">Zero-waste fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_and_fashion" title="Ballet and fashion">Ballet and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsule_wardrobe" title="Capsule wardrobe">Capsule wardrobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinoiserie_in_fashion" title="Chinoiserie in fashion">Chinoiserie in fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Undress_code" title="Undress code">Undress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_victim" title="Fashion victim">Fashion victim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genderless_fashion_in_Japan" title="Genderless fashion in Japan">Genderless fashion in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_fashion" title="Music and fashion">Music and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattoo" title="Tattoo">Tattoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/32px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/48px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/64px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="490" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Fashion" title="Portal:Fashion">Fashion portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&oldid=1246370931">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gothic_fashion&oldid=1246370931</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gothic_fashion" title="Category:Gothic fashion">Gothic fashion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fashion_aesthetics" title="Category:Fashion aesthetics">Fashion aesthetics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion" title="Category:1970s fashion">1970s fashion</a></li><li><a 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