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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D1%83_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A3_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5\" title=\"Википедија:Такмичење у писању чланака/У свету Флоре и Фауне\"\u003EФлоре и фауне\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; 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значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0\" title=\"Википедија:Акција проширивања клица\"\u003Eакцији проширивања клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Faza_pre_glavnog_niza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faza_pre_glavnog_niza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Faza pre glavnog niza</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Faza_pre_glavnog_niza-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Садржај одељка Faza pre glavnog niza</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Faza_pre_glavnog_niza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Protozvezde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protozvezde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Protozvezde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protozvezde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Braon_patuljci" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Braon_patuljci"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Braon patuljci</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Braon_patuljci-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glavni_niz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glavni_niz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Glavni niz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glavni_niz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faza_posle_glavnog_niza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faza_posle_glavnog_niza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Faza posle glavnog niza</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Faza_posle_glavnog_niza-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Садржај одељка Faza posle glavnog niza</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Faza_posle_glavnog_niza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stadijum_crvenog_džina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stadijum_crvenog_džina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Stadijum crvenog džina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stadijum_crvenog_džina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konačne_faze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konačne_faze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Konačne faze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konačne_faze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zvezdana evolucija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 56" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterevolusie" title="Sterevolusie — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sterevolusie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85" title="تطور النجوم — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تطور النجوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_estelar" title="Evolución estelar — арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Evolución estelar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_estelar" title="Evolución estelar — астуријски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Evolución estelar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астуријски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolusi_bintang" title="Evolusi bintang — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Evolusi bintang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolusi_najam" title="Evolusi najam — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Evolusi najam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Звездна еволюция — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Звездна еволюция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Эвалюцыя зорак — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эвалюцыя зорак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8" title="তারার বিবর্তন — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তারার বিবর্তন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvjezdana_evolucija" title="Zvjezdana evolucija — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zvjezdana evolucija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Evolució estel·lar — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Evolució estel·lar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%83%D0%BB%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80_%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Çăлтăр эволюцийĕ — чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çăлтăр эволюцийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDvoj_hv%C4%9Bzd" title="Vývoj hvězd — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vývoj hvězd" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stjerner_fra_f%C3%B8dsel_til_genf%C3%B8dsel" title="Stjerner fra fødsel til genfødsel — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stjerner fra fødsel til genfødsel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4heareng" title="Täheareng — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Täheareng" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BE%CE%B7" title="Αστρική εξέλιξη — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αστρική εξέλιξη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stellar evolution" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_estelar" title="Evolución estelar — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Evolución estelar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela_evoluo" title="Stela evoluo — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Stela evoluo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izar_eboluzio" title="Izar eboluzio — баскијски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Izar eboluzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تکامل ستارگان — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تکامل ستارگان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89volution_stellaire" title="Évolution stellaire — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Évolution stellaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89abhl%C3%B3id_r%C3%A9altach" title="Éabhlóid réaltach — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Éabhlóid réaltach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_estelar" title="Evolución estelar — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Evolución estelar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91" title="מחזור החיים של כוכב — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחזור החיים של כוכב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="तारों का विकास — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तारों का विकास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluzione_stellare" title="Evoluzione stellare — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Evoluzione stellare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E8%AB%96" title="恒星進化論 — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="恒星進化論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ვარსკვლავური ევოლუცია — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვარსკვლავური ევოლუცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EC%84%B1%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94" title="항성진화 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="항성진화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDvaig%C5%BEd%C5%BEi%C5%B3_evoliucija" title="Žvaigždžių evoliucija — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žvaigždžių evoliucija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csillagfejl%C5%91d%C3%A9s" title="Csillagfejlődés — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillagfejlődés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="сјајан чланак"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%85%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Ѕвезден развој — македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ѕвезден развој" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="तारकीय उत्क्रांती — марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तारकीय उत्क्रांती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%81%8F_%E1%80%86%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%B2%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B2%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF" title="ကြယ်တို့၏ ဆင့်ကဲပြောင်းလဲမှု — бурмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြယ်တို့၏ ဆင့်ကဲပြောင်းလဲမှု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бурмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterevolutie" title="Sterevolutie — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sterevolutie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stjerneutvikling" title="Stjerneutvikling — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stjerneutvikling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%A8_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE" title="ନକ୍ଷତ୍ରର ବିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ପ୍ରକ୍ରିୟା — одија" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ନକ୍ଷତ୍ରର ବିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ପ୍ରକ୍ରିୟା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="одија" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yulduz_evolutsiyasi" title="Yulduz evolutsiyasi — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yulduz evolutsiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewolucja_gwiazd" title="Ewolucja gwiazd — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ewolucja gwiazd" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_estelar" title="Evolução estelar — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Evolução estelar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolu%C8%9Bia_stelelor" title="Evoluția stelelor — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Evoluția stelelor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="сјајан чланак"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4" title="Эволюция звёзд — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эволюция звёзд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluimi_i_Yjeve" title="Evoluimi i Yjeve — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Evoluimi i Yjeve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stellar evolution" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDvoj_hviezdy" title="Vývoj hviezdy — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vývoj hviezdy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4hden_kehitys" title="Tähden kehitys — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tähden kehitys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="விண்மீன் படிமலர்ச்சி — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விண்மீன் படிமலர்ச்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%8C" title="วิวัฒนาการของดาวฤกษ์ — тајски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิวัฒนาการของดาวฤกษ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFn_h%C3%B3a_sao" title="Tiến hóa sao — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiến hóa sao" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_evrimi" title="Yıldız evrimi — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yıldız evrimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%80" title="Еволюція зір — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еволюція зір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebolusyon_han_bituon" title="Ebolusyon han bituon — варајски" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ebolusyon han bituon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="恒星演化 — ву кинески" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="恒星演化" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="恆星演化 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="恆星演化" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="恆星演化 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="恆星演化" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6472#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уреди међујезичке везе" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди везе</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg/250px-Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg/375px-Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg/500px-Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6500" data-file-height="4592" /></a><figcaption>Životni ciklus <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Звезда">zvezda</a> sličnih <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Сунце">Suncu</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Zvezdana evolucija</b> je proces starenja <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Звезда">zvezde</a> u toku kog se drastično menjaju njena <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика">fizička</a> i <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">hemijska</a> svojstva. Masa zvezde određuje njen razvojni put. U zavisnosti od mase, dele se na zvezde male mase, zvezde srednje mase i masivne zvezde. </p><p>Informacije o evolutivnom razvoju zvezda se dobijaju posmatranjem većeg broja zvezda u različitim stadijumima razvoja. Smatra se da zvezde nastaju <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гравитација">gravitacionim</a> sažimanjem oblaka međuzvezdane materije. Ovaj proces se može dogoditi spontano ili indukovano. Do spontanog gravitacionog kolapsa dolazi kada oblak međuzvezdane materije izgubi deo svoje unutrašnje energije. Indukovano sažimanje se dešava promenom lokalnih uslova i ubrzavanjem fizičkih procesa koji dovode do formiranja zvezda, što izazivaju spoljašnji faktori poput udarnih talasa od bliskih <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernovih</a>, vetrova vrelih masivnih zvezda, sudara između <a href="/wiki/Gigantski_molekulski_oblak" title="Gigantski molekulski oblak">molekulskih oblaka</a>, itd. U toku celokupnog razvoja zvezde, suprotstavljeni su procesi daljeg sažimanja zvezde usled sopstvene gravitacije s jedne strane i termonuklearne reakcije ili degeneracija materije s druge strane.<sup id="cite_ref-Knjiga_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knjiga-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Evolutivni razvoj zvezde se može podeliti u tri osnovne faze: faza pre glavnog niza, faza boravka na glavnom nizu i faza posle glavnog niza.<sup id="cite_ref-olga_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faza_pre_glavnog_niza">Faza pre glavnog niza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Faza pre glavnog niza”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Faza pre glavnog niza"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pretpostavlja se da zvezdana evolucija u ovoj fazi funkcioniše na sledeći način. Prvobitni oblak međuzvezdane materije je velikih razmera, masivan, male gustine i niske temperature. Sastoji se pretežno od molekula <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Водоник">vodonika</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелијум">helijuma</a> i čestica prašine.<sup id="cite_ref-Narandža_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Narandža-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na samom početku temperatura ima konstantnu vrednost usled nedostatka trenja, pa se energija oslobođena sažimanjem odmah izrači, tj. temperatura ne raste. Daljim sažimanjem se povećavaju gustina i neprozračnost što uzrokuje trošenje dela oslobođene gravitacione potencijalne energije na zagrevanje oblaka. Gravitaciona nestabilnost dovodi do fragmentacije masivnog početnog oblaka. Ovi fragmenti kasnije formiraju grupe zvezda – asocijacije i otvorena zvezdana jata. U ovim grupama je koncentracija fragmenata mala i nisu povezani pa se brzo raspadaju; efikasnost formiranja zvezda je oko 25%.<sup id="cite_ref-a_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protozvezde">Protozvezde</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Protozvezde”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Protozvezde"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24414138">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Протозвезда">Protozvezda</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Protostar_structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Protostar_structure.svg/200px-Protostar_structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Protostar_structure.svg/300px-Protostar_structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Protostar_structure.svg/400px-Protostar_structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Struktura protozvezde</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Збијено звездано јато">Zbijena zvezdana jata</a> nastaju kada u početnom oblaku istovremeno započinje gravitacioni kolaps u gusto pakovanim fragmentima. Od ovih fragmenata se formiraju zvezde koje mogu obrazovati stabilno zvezdano jato, čime se objašnjava i činjenica da su sve zvezde unutar jednog jata iste starosti.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prva faza, koja traje između početka gravitacionog sažimanja i započinjanja termonuklearnih reakcija vodonika je faza protozvezde. U toku ove faze zvezda se zagreva isključivo na račun gravitacione energije, čiji se deo troši delom na povećanje unutrašnje energije, a ostatak oslobađa <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Електромагнетско зрачење">zračenjem</a> na niskoj temperaturi. Povećanje unutrašnje energije dovodi do <a href="/wiki/Jonizacija" title="Jonizacija">jonizacije</a> atoma i topljenje čestica prašine, čime raste neprozračnost i gas se pretvara u plazmu čija temperatura sve više raste. Nasuprot uticaju gravitacije, dolazi do sve bržeg termalnog kretanja čestica, što dovodi do zaustavljanja sažimanja plazme. Sistem dostiže ravnotežu. Usled visoke neprozračnosti, dolazi do <a href="/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija">konvekcije</a> i oslobađanja znatne količine energije, smanjuje se termalni pritisak, ravnoteža se narušava i ponovo dolazi do gravitacionog sažimanja, pa se povećavaju temperatura i gustina.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Najtopliji i najgušći deo je jezgro (centar) zvezde. </p><p>Daljim sažimanjem protozvezde se stvaraju uslovi (temperatura, gustina) za početak termonuklearnih reakcija sagorevanja vodonika, čime se oslobađa ogromna energija, koja ponovo zaustavlja sažimanje i ponovo se dostiže stanje ravnoteže. Višak energije se zrači kao vidljiva svetlost. Zvezda je rođena i na <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5-%D0%A0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Х-Р дијаграм">H-R dijagramu</a> zauzima mesto na <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Главни низ">glavnom nizu</a>, gde boravi u stanju energetske i mehaničke ravnoteže. </p><p>Donja granica mase potrebne da protozvezda dostigne glavni niz je 0.08 masa <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Сунце">Sunca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Knjiga_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knjiga-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Braon_patuljci">Braon patuljci</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Braon patuljci”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Braon patuljci"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24414138"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%99%D1%86%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Браон патуљци">Braon patuljci</a></div> <p>Ukoliko je masa protozvezde mala, gravitaciona potencijalna energija ne može omogućiti dovoljno visoku temperaturu za reakcije sagorevanja vodonika, te se zvezda ne može formirati. Ovaj objekat će se dalje sažimati i postati degenerisani <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%99%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Смеђи патуљак">braon patuljak</a> koji će izračivati dugotalasnu energiju dok se ne ugasi.<sup id="cite_ref-Narandža_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Narandža-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glavni_niz">Glavni niz</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Glavni niz”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Glavni niz"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Položaj zvezde na glavnom nizu određen je njenom masom i hemijskim sastavom. Krajnje tačke putanja zvezda različitih masa, a istog hemijskog sastava, definišu početni glavni niz ili niz nulte starosti za te zvezde. Na glavnom nizu H-R dijagrama zvezda je stabilna i tu provodi najveći deo svog života. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Zams_and_tracks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zams_and_tracks.png/300px-Zams_and_tracks.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zams_and_tracks.png/450px-Zams_and_tracks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zams_and_tracks.png/600px-Zams_and_tracks.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="869" /></a><figcaption>HR dijagram</figcaption></figure> <p>U toku ove faze se menja hemijski sastav zvezde, usled čega se menjaju i sjaj, temperatura i radijus, čime se automatski menja i položaj zvezde. Na glavni niz zvezde stižu sa homogenim hemijskim sastavom, ali se pretvaranjem vodonika u helijum povećava srednja <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Молекулска маса">molekulska masa</a>, čime se smanjuje pritisak pa se jezgro sažima. Sažimanje jezgra dovodi do porasta pritiska i temperature sve dok se ponovo ne dostigne hidrostatička ravnoteža. Povećanjem temperature se povećava energetski fluks, te je i <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Луминозност">luminoznost</a> veća. Masivnije zvezde brže sagorevaju vodonik te kraće ostaju na glavnom nizu. Ravnoteža se narušava kada količina vodonika u jezgu postane toliko mala da se zvezda više ne može suprotstaviti sopstvenoj gravitaciji, i počinje sažimanje, čime zvezda silazi sa glavnog niza.<sup id="cite_ref-a_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-olga_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faza_posle_glavnog_niza">Faza posle glavnog niza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Faza posle glavnog niza”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Faza posle glavnog niza"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zvezda u ovoj fazi prolazi kroz mnoga nestabilna stanja pri kojima gubi primetan deo svoje mase. U ovoj fazi evolucija takođe zavisi od mase. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stadijum_crvenog_džina"><span id="Stadijum_crvenog_d.C5.BEina"></span>Stadijum crvenog džina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Stadijum crvenog džina”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Stadijum crvenog džina"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24414138"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Crveni_d%C5%BEin" title="Crveni džin">Crveni džin</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Sun_red_giant.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/250px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/375px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/500px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>Poređenje između <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Сунце">Sunca</a> koje se trenutno nalazi na glavnom nizu i njegove pretpostavljene veličine u dobu <a href="/wiki/Crveni_d%C5%BEin" title="Crveni džin">Crvenog džina</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Jedini izvor energije u ovom stadijumu je gravitaciono sažimanje. To dovodi do zgušnjavanja zvezdane materije i porasta temperature. Gustina opada od jezgra ka višim slojevima. U tim slojevima oko jezgra je temperatura dovoljno visoka da dolazi do termonuklaernih reakcija vodonika, što u jezgru nije moguće. Kad je energija nastala u tim višim slojevima veća od gravitacione potencijalne energije, deo nje se oslobađa u okolni prostor, a deo se pretvara u kinetičku energiju omotača koji se na taj način širi i hladi. Površinska temperatura opada, raste neprozračnost i formira se konvektivni omotač. Na <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%A0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="ХР дијаграм">HR dijagramu</a> se zvezda pomera udesno i naviše i postaje <i>nestabilan crveni džin</i>. Nestabilni crveni džinovi gube masu sve dok ne ostane samo gusto i toplo jezgro. </p><p>Struktura crvenog džina je takva da se njegovo helijumovo jezgro sažima i zagreva dok se omotač širi i hladi. Kada se u jezgru stvore temperaturni uslovi, počinju termonuklearne reakcije helijuma, sažimanje prestaje, i zvezda postaje <i>stabilni crveni džin</i>. Kod masivnih zvezda može se desiti da nekoliko puta prođu kroz stadijum crvenog džina i moguće su termonuklearne reakcije u kojima se formiraju elementi rednih brojeva većeg od helijuma. Tada ostaci iz poslednje faze sagorevanja postaju osnova za nove termonuklearne reakcije, i mogu se formirati elementi po sledećem lancu: C → Ne → O → Si → Fe. </p><p>Zvezde najmanjih masa ne mogu sažimanjem da obezbede u jezgru temperaturu za sagorevanje helijuma. Za <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Сунце">Sunce</a> se pretpostavlja da će u stadijumu nestabilnog crvenog džina gravitacionom silom “progutati” svoje najbliže planete.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konačne_faze"><span id="Kona.C4.8Dne_faze"></span>Konačne faze</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Konačne faze”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Konačne faze"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zvezda može provesti poslednji stadijum svog života u jednom od sledeća tri oblika, zavisno od mase: kao <a href="/wiki/Beli_patuljak" title="Beli patuljak">beli patuljak</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Неутронска звезда">neutronska zvezda</a> ili <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Црна рупа">crna rupa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-a_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Size_IK_Peg.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Size_IK_Peg.png/200px-Size_IK_Peg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Size_IK_Peg.png/300px-Size_IK_Peg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Size_IK_Peg.png/400px-Size_IK_Peg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>Poređenje između <a href="/wiki/Beli_patuljak" title="Beli patuljak">belog patuljka</a> (levo) i Sunca (desno)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beli_patuljak" title="Beli patuljak">Beli patuljci</a></li></ul> <p>Zvezde koje evoluiraju u bele patuljke se nakon trošenja goriva gravitaciono se obrušavaju ka svom centru. Ovo se zove gravitacioni kolaps i zaustavlja se degeneracijom materije, odnosno pod visokim pritiskom se razbijaju atomi i stvara se degenerisani gas. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Неутронска звезда">Neutronske zvezde</a></li></ul> <p>Neutronske zvezde se mogu formirati različitim mehanizmima. Jedan od mehanizama nastanak neutronskih zvezda je višestruki prolazak zvezde kroz stabilna i nestabilna stanja, pri kom u jezgru sve teži elementi postaju termonuklearno gorivo. Ukoliko dođe do formiranja <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%92%D0%B5" title="Гвожђе">gvozdenog</a> jezgra, ono neće proizvoditi nuklearnu energiju, te dolaze do izuzetno brzog (kraće od 1s) kolapsa jezgra. Oslobođena gravitaciona potencijalna energija ubrzava elektrone do ultrarelativističkih brzina, pa ovi elektroni razbijaju atomska jezgra i sa protonima formiraju neutrone, koji mogu da se sabiju na znatno manju zapreminu nego što su mogla atomska jezgra. Pored toga se formiraju i neutrini koji bez interakcija sa ostalim česticama napuštaju jezgro. </p><p>Degenerisani neutronski gas zaustavlja kolaps jezgra. Pri padu omotača na degenerisano jezgro formira se udarni talas uz ekslploziju i oslobađanje velike količine energije. Ova pojava se zove <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a>. To je prelazna etapa između normalne zvezde i male neutronske zvezde.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Црне рупе">Crne rupe</a></li></ul> <p>U slučaju zvezda najvećih masa ne postoji sila koja bi sprečila njihovo gravitaciono sažimanje. Po završetku termonuklearnih reakcija dolazi do gravitacionog kolapsa koji zvezdu sabija u <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Сингуларитет">singularitet</a> beskonačne gustine. Ovaj proces se ne može opisati klasičnom fizikom, već je opisan <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Општа теорија релативности">opštom teorijom relativnosti</a>, prema kojoj je <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%99%D0%B5" title="Гравитационо поље">gravitaciono polje</a> crne rupe toliko jako da dolazi do zakrivljenosti prostor-vremena u tolikoj meri da zvezda postaje nevidljiva za posmatrača.<sup id="cite_ref-olga_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уредите одељак „Reference”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди извор одељка: Reference"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Knjiga-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Knjiga_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knjiga_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nastavafizike.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/d0b5d0b2d0bed0bbd183d186d0b8d198d0b0-d0b7d0b2d0b5d0b7d0b4d0b0.pdf">Zvezdana evolucija</a>, <i>nastavafizike.files.wordpress.com</i>; pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-olga-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-olga_2-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-olga_2-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-olga_2-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Opšta astrofizika, <i>Vukićević-Karabin Mirjana</i>, <i>Atanacković Olga</i>. 2010. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-86-17-16947-1" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-86-17-16947-1">978-86-17-16947-1</a>. стр. 158–162., Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Narandža-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Narandža_3-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Narandža_3-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tragomzvezda.net/?p=2899">Evolucija zvezda</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120154458/http://www.tragomzvezda.net/?p=2899#">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (20. јануар 2015), Goran Vukajlović, <i>tragomzvezda.net</i>, 5. februar 2015; pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a_4-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a_4-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a_4-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327051442/http://www.astro.phys.ethz.ch/staff/schmid/private/PSbinary/vanbeveren98.pdf">Masivne zvezde</a>, D. Vanbeveren, C. de Lur, V. Van Rensbergen, 1998, Astronomski i astrofizički pregled (The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review); pristupljeno: 16. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svetnauke.org/6219-formiranje-zvezda">Formiranje zvezda</a>, Velibor Velović, <i>svetnauke.org</i>, 28. avgust 2010. Pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tragomzvezda.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Evolucija-zvezda.pdf">Evolucija zvezda</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120163947/http://www.tragomzvezda.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Evolucija-zvezda.pdf#">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (20. јануар 2015), <i>tragomzvezda.net</i>; pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://static.astronomija.co.rs/suncsist/Poreklo/dalje.htm">Nastanak Sunčevog sistema</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150104080022/http://static.astronomija.co.rs/suncsist/Poreklo/dalje.htm">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (4. јануар 2015) (Odeljak: ŠTA NAS DALJE ČEKA?), Milan Milošević; pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://static.astronomija.co.rs/suncsist/Sunce/evolucij.htm">Životni ciklus Sunca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185327/http://static.astronomija.co.rs/suncsist/Sunce/evolucij.htm">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (4. март 2016), <i>static.astronomija.co.rs</i>; pristupljeno: 19. januar 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/HIGHLIGHT/2001/highlight0102_e.html">Kako masivne zvezde eksplodiraju?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030627124651/http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/HIGHLIGHT/2001/highlight0102_e.html">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (27. јун 2003), H. Tomas Janka</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Уредите одељак „Literatura”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=9" title="Уреди извор одељка: Literatura"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro.umd.edu/~miller/teaching/astr606/">Astronomy 606 (Stellar Structure and Evolution) lecture notes</a>, Cole Miller, Department of Astronomy, <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Maryland,_College_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Maryland, College Park (страница не постоји)">University of Maryland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/Ast162/Unit2/">Astronomy 162, Unit 2 (The Structure & Evolution of Stars) lecture notes</a>, Richard W. Pogge, Department of Astronomy, <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHansenKawalerTrimble2004" class="citation book">Hansen, Carl J.; Kawaler, Steven D.; Trimble, Virginia (2004). <i>Stellar interiors: physical principles, structure, and evolution</i> (2nd изд.). Springer-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-387-20089-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-387-20089-7">978-0-387-20089-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.au=Kawaler%2C+Steven+D.&rft.au=Trimble%2C+Virginia&rft.aufirst=Carl+J.&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.btitle=Stellar+interiors%3A+physical+principles%2C+structure%2C+and+evolution&rft.date=2004&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-387-20089-7&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPrialnik2000" class="citation book">Prialnik, Dina (2000). <i>An Introduction to the Theory of Stellar Structure and Evolution</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-521-65065-6" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-521-65065-6">978-0-521-65065-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.aufirst=Dina&rft.aulast=Prialnik&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Theory+of+Stellar+Structure+and+Evolution&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-65065-6&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRyanNorton2010" class="citation book">Ryan, Sean G.; Norton, Andrew J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stellarevolution0000ryan"><i>Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. стр. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stellarevolution0000ryan/page/125">125</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0521133203" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0521133203">978-0521133203</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.au=Norton%2C+Andrew+J.&rft.aufirst=Sean+G.&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.btitle=Stellar+Evolution+and+Nucleosynthesis&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0521133203&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstellarevolution0000ryan&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFStahler,_S._W.Palla,_F.2004" class="citation book">Stahler, S. W. & Palla, F. (2004). <i>The Formation of Stars</i>. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-3-527-40559-6" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-3-527-40559-6">978-3-527-40559-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.au=Palla%2C+F.&rft.au=Stahler%2C+S.+W.&rft.btitle=The+Formation+of+Stars&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-527-40559-6&rft.place=Weinheim&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Lada, Charles J.; Lada, Elizabeth A. (1. 9. 2003). „Embedded Clusters in Molecular Clouds”. <i>Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics</i>. <b>41</b> (1): 57—115. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_serijski_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni serijski broj">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0066-4146">0066-4146</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0301540">astro-ph/0301540</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Слободан приступ"><img alt="Слободан приступ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.41.011802.094844">10.1146/annurev.astro.41.011802.094844</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.atitle=Embedded+Clusters+in+Molecular+Clouds&rft.au=Lada%2C+Elizabeth+A.&rft.aufirst=Charles+J.&rft.aulast=Lada&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0066-4146&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.pages=57-115&rft.volume=41&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0301540&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.41.011802.094844&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPrialnik2000" class="citation book">Prialnik, Dina (2000). <i>An Introduction to the Theory of Stellar Structure and Evolution</i>. Cambridge University Press. 195—212. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-521-65065-6" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-521-65065-6">978-0-521-65065-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.aufirst=Dina&rft.aulast=Prialnik&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Theory+of+Stellar+Structure+and+Evolution&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-65065-6&rft.pages=195-212&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation conference">Dupraz, C.; Casoli, F. (jun 4—9, 1990). „The Fate of the Molecular Gas from Mergers to Ellipticals”. <i>Dynamics of Galaxies and Their Molecular Cloud Distributions: Proceedings of the 146th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union</i>. Paris, France: Kluwer Academic Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991IAUS..146..373D">1991IAUS..146..373D</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.atitle=The+Fate+of+the+Molecular+Gas+from+Mergers+to+Ellipticals&rft.au=Casoli%2C+F.&rft.au=Dupraz%2C+C.&rft.btitle=Dynamics+of+Galaxies+and+Their+Molecular+Cloud+Distributions%3A+Proceedings+of+the+146th+Symposium+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&rft.genre=conference&rft.place=Paris%2C+France&rft.pub=Kluwer+Academic+Publishers&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1991IAUS..146..373D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Проверите вредност парамет(а)ра за датум: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9B:CS1_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5#bad_date" title="Помоћ:CS1 грешке">помоћ</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLequeux2013" class="citation book">Lequeux, James (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/birthevolutionde0000lequ"><i>Birth, Evolution and Death of Stars</i></a>. World Scientific. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-981-4508-77-3" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-981-4508-77-3">978-981-4508-77-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.aufirst=James&rft.aulast=Lequeux&rft.btitle=Birth%2C+Evolution+and+Death+of+Stars&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-981-4508-77-3&rft.pub=World+Scientific&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbirthevolutionde0000lequ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation conference">Williams, J. P.; Blitz, L.; McKee, C. F. (2000). „The Structure and Evolution of Molecular Clouds: from Clumps to Cores to the IMF”. <i>Protostars and Planets IV</i>. стр. 97. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000prpl.conf...97W">2000prpl.conf...97W</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9902246">astro-ph/9902246</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Слободан приступ"><img alt="Слободан приступ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.atitle=The+Structure+and+Evolution+of+Molecular+Clouds%3A+from+Clumps+to+Cores+to+the+IMF&rft.au=Blitz%2C+L.&rft.au=McKee%2C+C.+F.&rft.au=Williams%2C+J.+P.&rft.btitle=Protostars+and+Planets+IV&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=conference&rft.pages=97&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F9902246&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000prpl.conf...97W&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAlves,_J.Lada,_C.Lada,_E.2001" class="citation book">Alves, J.; Lada, C.; Lada, E. (2001). <i>Tracing H<sub>2</sub> Via Infrared Dust Extinction</i>. Cambridge University Press. стр. 217. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-521-78224-1" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-521-78224-1">978-0-521-78224-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.au=Alves%2C+J.&rft.au=Lada%2C+C.&rft.au=Lada%2C+E.&rft.btitle=Tracing+H%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E+Via+Infrared+Dust+Extinction&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-78224-1&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Sanders, D. B.; Scoville, N. Z.; Solomon, P. M. (1. 2. 1985). „Giant molecular clouds in the Galaxy. II – Characteristics of discrete features”. <i>Astrophysical Journal, Part 1</i>. <b>289</b>: 373—387. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985ApJ...289..373S">1985ApJ...289..373S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F162897">10.1086/162897</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AZvezdana+evolucija&rft.atitle=Giant+molecular+clouds+in+the+Galaxy.+II+%E2%80%93+Characteristics+of+discrete+features&rft.au=Sanders%2C+D.+B.&rft.au=Scoville%2C+N.+Z.&rft.au=Solomon%2C+P.+M.&rft.date=1985-02-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=373-387&rft.volume=289&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1985ApJ...289..373S&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F162897&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Уредите одељак „Spoljašnje veze”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&action=edit&section=10" title="Уреди извор одељка: Spoljašnje veze"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554621">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><span style="font-weight:bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stellar_evolution" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stellar evolution">Zvezdana evolucija</a></span> на <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Главна страна">Викимедијиној остави</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160912210804/http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys230/lectures/star_age/evol_hr.swf">Stellar evolution simulator</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astro.df.unipi.it/stellar-models/">Pisa Stellar Models</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mesa.sourceforge.net/">MESA stellar evolution codes (Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00548w8">"The Life of Stars"</a>, BBC Radio 4 discussion with Paul Murdin, Janna Levin and Phil Charles (<i>In Our Time</i>, Mar. 27, 2003)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25469611">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Преузето из „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&oldid=28526542">https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zvezdana_evolucija&oldid=28526542</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Посебно:Категорије">Категорије</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Категорија:Астрономија">Астрономија</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Категорија:Звезде">Звезде</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Сакривене категорије: <ul><li><a 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