袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐.

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href="/portal/sites/default/files/css/css_0PXAYkpq0QSmFunl5eFoQ2ytdy00RYzoiSLCSEPm1mQ.css?delta=0&language=ru&theme=xara&include=eJxtyEEOgCAMBMAPYXhTa2o1rmxCe4Dfc-DqbTIxI-2rKmElbxtVyXfLQRUckRNP8zKky_-RDrvYMsBTsABBhSBT" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/portal/sites/default/files/css/css_ee0VLCU98BIWDzX-tlC-o8LUgo8H2jA0GAouz0im5ao.css?delta=1&language=ru&theme=xara&include=eJxtyEEOgCAMBMAPYXhTa2o1rmxCe4Dfc-DqbTIxI-2rKmElbxtVyXfLQRUckRNP8zKky_-RDrvYMsBTsABBhSBT" /> </head> <body class="inner-page page-type-book no-sidebar"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> 袩械褉械泄褌懈泻芯褋薪芯胁薪芯屑褍褋芯写械褉卸邪薪懈褞 </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="header"> <div class="header-main"> <div class="container"> <div class="header-container"> <div class="site-brand"> <div class="block-region region-header"> <div id="block-xara-branding" class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <div class="site-branding"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="header-right"> <div class="mobile-menu"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> <div class="primary-menu-wrapper"> <div class="menu-wrap"> <div class="close-mobile-menu"><i class="icon-close"></i></div> <div class="block-region region-primary-menu"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-xara-main-menu-menu" id="block-xara-main-menu" class="block block-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden block-title" id="block-xara-main-menu-menu">袨褋薪芯胁薪褘械褋褋褘谢泻懈</h2> <ul class="menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-level-1"> <a href="/portal/" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">袚谢邪胁薪邪褟</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-level-1"> <a href="/portal/aths" data-drupal-link-system-path="aths">袗胁褌芯褉褘</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-level-1"> <a href="/portal/bookshelf" data-drupal-link-system-path="bookshelf">袣薪懈卸薪邪褟锌芯谢泻邪</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-level-1"> <a href="/portal/frontpage" data-drupal-link-system-path="frontpage">袩芯褋谢械写薪懈械芯斜薪芯胁谢械薪懈褟</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-level-1"> <a href="/portal/countries" data-drupal-link-system-path="countries">小褌褉邪薪褘懈褉械谐懈芯薪褘</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <section class="page-header"> <div class="container"> <div class="page-header-container"> <div class="block-region region-page-header"> <div id="block-xara-page-title" class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <div class="page-title-wrap"> <h1 class="page-title"><span>袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐.</span> </h1> </div>  </div> </div> <div id="block-xara-breadcrumbs" class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <ol class="breadcrumb-items"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/portal/">袚谢邪胁薪邪褟</a><span><i class="icon-angle-right"></i></span> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> 袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐. </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </header> <div class="highlighted block-section"> <aside class="container" role="complementary"> <div class="block-region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="main-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="main-container"> <main id="main" class="main-content"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="node-content"> <div class="block-region region-content"> <div id="block-xara-content" class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <article data-history-node-id="2248" class="node node-type-book node-view-mode-full"> <header class="node-header"> <div class="node-submitted-details"> <div class="node-author"> <i class="ficon-user user-icon"></i> <span><span>袙褟褔械褋谢邪胁袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁</span></span> </div><div><i class="ficon-calendar"></i> 15 Sep 2011 </div> </div> </header> <div class="node-content"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field-item"><p>袗胁褌芯褉: 袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝 (1838-1901 谐.谐.)</p> <p>袙锌械褉胁褘械芯锌褍斜谢懈泻芯胁邪薪芯: 胁芯肖褉邪薪褑懈懈, 1876 谐.</p> <p>袩械褉械胁芯写: 协谢械芯薪芯褉邪袦邪褉泻褋, 1886 谐.</p> <p>袠褋褌芯褔薪懈泻: 袠蟹写邪褌械谢褜褋褌胁芯袧褜褞-袩邪褉泻.</p> <p><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman CYR","serif"">袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝  褍卸械锌械褉械胁芯写懈谢邪褋褜薪邪褉褍褋褋泻懈泄褟蟹褘泻胁写芯褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈芯薪薪芯泄袪芯褋褋懈懈懈斜褘谢邪胁褘锌褍褖械薪邪褌芯胁邪褉懈褖械褋褌胁芯屑 "袟薪邪薪懈械"  胁 1906 谐芯写褍. 袨薪邪斜褘谢邪蟹邪锌褉械褖械薪邪褑械薪蟹褍褉芯泄. 袛邪薪薪褘泄锌械褉械胁芯写泻薪懈谐懈薪邪褉褍褋褋泻懈泄褟蟹褘泻胁褘锌芯谢薪械薪小械褉谐械械屑袦邪谢褜褑械胁褘屑褋邪薪谐谢懈泄褋泻芯谐芯胁邪褉懈邪薪褌邪褋褌邪褌褜懈, 褉邪蟹屑械褖械薪薪芯泄胁袠薪褌械褉薪械褌械懈蟹写邪褌械谢褜褋褌胁芯屑袧褜褞-袩邪褉泻.</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> <div class="node-taxonomy-container"> <h3 class="term-title"><i class="ficon-hashtag primary"></i> Abc</h3> <ul class="taxonomy-terms"> <li class="taxonomy-term"><a href="/portal/taxonomy/term/15" hreflang="ru">袥</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="node-taxonomy-container"> <h3 class="term-title"><i class="ficon-hashtag primary"></i> 小褌褉邪薪邪懈谢懈褉械谐懈芯薪</h3> <ul class="taxonomy-terms"> <li class="taxonomy-term"><a href="/portal/taxonomy/term/97" hreflang="ru">肖褉邪薪褑懈褟</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="node-taxonomy-container"> <h3 class="term-title"><i class="ficon-hashtag primary"></i> 袗胁褌芯褉</h3> <ul class="taxonomy-terms"> <li class="taxonomy-term"><a href="/portal/taxonomy/term/148" hreflang="ru">袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝袩.袨.</a></li> <li class="taxonomy-term"><a href="/portal/taxonomy/term/189" hreflang="ru">袦邪谢褜褑械胁小.袙.</a></li> </ul> </div>  <nav class="book-navigation" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="book-label-2248"> <ul class="menu"> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2249" hreflang="ru">袩褉懈屑械褔邪薪懈械懈蟹写邪褌械谢械泄</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2250" hreflang="ru">袙胁械写械薪懈械协谢械芯薪芯褉褘袦邪褉泻褋.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2251" hreflang="ru">袙褋褌褍锌谢械薪懈械.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2252" hreflang="ru">袩褉芯谢芯谐.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2253" hreflang="ru">I. 袩褉褍褋褋邪泻懈胁褏芯写褟褌胁袩邪褉懈卸</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2254" hreflang="ru">II. 袣芯邪谢懈褑懈褟芯褌泻褉褘胁邪械褌芯谐芯薪褜锌芯袩邪褉懈卸褍</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2255" hreflang="ru">III. 袙芯褋械屑薪邪写褑邪褌芯械屑邪褉褌邪.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2256" hreflang="ru">IV. 笑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪褘泄袣芯屑懈褌械褌锌褉懈蟹褘胁邪械褌泻胁褘斜芯褉邪屑.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2257" hreflang="ru">V. 袪械芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹邪褑懈褟谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪褘褏褍褔褉械卸写械薪懈泄.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2258" hreflang="ru">VI. 袦褝褉褘懈袗褋褋邪屑斜谢械褟芯斜褗械写懈薪褟褞褌褋褟胁斜芯褉褜斜械锌褉芯褌懈胁袩邪褉懈卸邪.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2259" hreflang="ru">VII. 笑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪褘泄袣芯屑懈褌械褌锌褉懈薪褍卸写邪械褌屑褝褉芯胁泻泻邪锌懈褌褍谢褟褑懈懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2260" hreflang="ru">VIII. 袩褉芯胁芯蟹谐谢邪褕械薪懈械袣芯屑屑褍薪褘.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2261" hreflang="ru">IX. 袣芯屑屑褍薪褘胁袥懈芯薪械, 小械薪褌-协褌褜械薪械懈袣褉械蟹芯.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2262" hreflang="ru">X. 袣芯屑屑褍薪褘胁袦邪褉褋械谢械, 孝褍谢褍蟹械懈袧邪褉斜芯薪薪械.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2263" hreflang="ru">XI. 袣芯谢械斜邪薪懈褟小芯胁械褌邪袣芯屑屑褍薪褘.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2264" hreflang="ru">XII. 袙械褉褋邪谢褜褑褘芯褌斜褉邪褋褘胁邪褞褌锌邪褌褉褍谢懈泻芯屑屑褍薪邪褉芯胁懈芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹褍褞褌斜芯泄薪褞锌谢械薪薪褘褏</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2265" hreflang="ru">XIII. 袩芯褉邪卸械薪懈械袣芯屑屑褍薪胁袦邪褉褋械谢械懈袧邪褉斜芯薪薪械.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2266" hreflang="ru">XIV. 小谢邪斜芯褋褌褜小芯胁械褌邪.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2267" hreflang="ru">XV. 袩械褉胁褘械斜芯懈袣芯屑屑褍薪褘.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2268" hreflang="ru">XVI. 袦邪薪懈褎械褋褌懈褉芯褋褌泻懈锌芯褉邪卸械薪懈褟.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2269" hreflang="ru">XVII. 袞械薪褖懈薪褘袣芯屑屑褍薪褘懈锌褉芯褌懈胁芯褋褌芯褟褖懈械邪褉屑懈懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2270" hreflang="ru">XVIII. 袪邪斜芯褌邪袣芯屑屑褍薪褘.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2271" hreflang="ru">XIX. 校褔褉械卸写械薪懈械袣芯屑懈褌械褌邪袨斜褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄袘械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2272" hreflang="ru">XX. 袪芯褋褋械谢褜蟹邪屑械薪褟械褌袣谢褞蟹械褉械.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2273" hreflang="ru">XXI. 袘芯屑斜邪褉写懈褉芯胁泻邪袩邪褉懈卸邪: 斜械谐褋褌胁芯袪芯褋褋械谢褟.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2274" hreflang="ru">XXII. 袟邪谐芯胁芯褉褖懈泻懈胁袣芯屑屑褍薪械.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2275" hreflang="ru">XXIII. 芦袥械胁褘械禄锌褉械写邪褞褌袩邪褉懈卸.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2276" hreflang="ru">XXIV. 袧芯胁褘泄袣芯屑懈褌械褌蟹邪褉邪斜芯褌芯泄.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2277" hreflang="ru">XXV. 袩邪褉懈卸薪邪泻褉邪褞谐懈斜械谢懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2278" hreflang="ru">XXVI. 袙褉邪谐胁褏芯写懈褌胁袩邪褉懈卸.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2279" hreflang="ru">XXVII. 袧邪褕械褋褌胁懈械锌褉芯写芯谢卸邪械褌褋褟.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2280" hreflang="ru">XXVIII. 袩褉芯写芯谢卸邪褞褌褋褟褍谢懈褔薪褘械斜芯懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2281" hreflang="ru">XXIX. 袧邪斜邪褉褉懈泻邪写邪褏.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2282" hreflang="ru">XXX. 袩邪写械薪懈械谢械胁芯谐芯斜械褉械谐邪.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2283" hreflang="ru">XXXI. 袩芯褋谢械写薪褟褟锌芯蟹懈褑懈褟袣芯屑屑褍薪褘.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2284" hreflang="ru">XXXII. 携褉芯褋褌褜胁械褉褋邪谢褜褑械胁.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2285" hreflang="ru">XXXIII. 小褍写褜斜邪锌谢械薪薪褘褏.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2286" hreflang="ru">XXXIV. 小褍写懈谢懈褖械薪邪写泻芯屑屑褍薪邪褉邪屑懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2287" hreflang="ru">XXXV. 袣邪蟹薪懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2288" hreflang="ru">XXXVI. 袪械蟹褍谢褜褌邪褌褘屑械褋褌懈斜褍褉卸褍邪蟹懈懈.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2289" hreflang="ru">袩褉懈谢芯卸械薪懈褟.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2290" hreflang="ru">袩褉懈屑械褔邪薪懈褟邪胁褌芯褉邪.</a> </li> <li class="menu-book-item"> <i class="ficon-file"></i> <a href="/portal/node/2291" hreflang="ru">袘械谢褎芯褉褌袘邪泻褋. 芦袠褋褌芯褉懈褟泻芯屑屑褍薪褘禄袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝 (4 写械泻邪斜褉褟 1886 谐芯写邪)</a> </li> </ul> <h2 class="visually-hidden">袩械褉械泻褉褢褋褌薪褘械褋褋褘谢泻懈泻薪懈谐懈写谢褟袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐.</h2> <ul class="book-pager"> <li class="book-pager-item book-pager-item-next"> <a href="/portal/node/2249" rel="next" title="袧邪褋谢械写褍褞褖褍褞褋褌褉邪薪懈褑褍">袩褉懈屑械褔邪薪懈械懈蟹写邪褌械谢械泄 <span class="white-color">→</span></a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> 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袩褉芯褋锌械褉 袨谢懈胁褜械 袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟 袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄 袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐. | 袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁褋泻懈泄 屑褍蟹械泄

袩褉芯褋锌械褉袨谢懈胁褜械袥懈褋褋邪谐邪褉褝. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褟袩邪褉懈卸褋泻芯泄袣芯屑屑褍薪褘 1871 谐. 1876 谐. | 袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁褋泻懈泄屑褍蟹械泄