CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Oort cloud - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"315642c0-6e72-4539-ba2e-e8f3cfc35abe","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Oort_cloud","wgTitle":"Oort cloud","wgCurRevisionId":1259120784,"wgRevisionId":1259120784,"wgArticleId":22385,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles with hAudio microformats","Spoken articles","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Webarchive template wayback links","Featured articles","Solar System","Oort cloud","Astronomical hypotheses","Comets","Discoveries by Jan Oort","Hypothetical trans-Neptunian objects","Jan Oort","Minor planets","Trans-Neptunian region","Circumstellar disks"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Oort_cloud","wgRelevantArticleId":22385,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q40864","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands", "architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc", "skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/1200px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="668"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/800px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="446"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/640px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="356"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Oort cloud - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloud"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloud"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Oort_cloud rootpage-Oort_cloud skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Oort+cloud" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Oort+cloud" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Oort+cloud" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Oort+cloud" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Development_of_theory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_of_theory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Development of theory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_of_theory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure_and_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure_and_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structure and composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure_and_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Comets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tidal_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidal_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tidal effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidal_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stellar_perturbations_and_stellar_companion_hypotheses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stellar_perturbations_and_stellar_companion_hypotheses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Stellar perturbations and stellar companion hypotheses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stellar_perturbations_and_stellar_companion_hypotheses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_exploration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_exploration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Future exploration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_exploration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oort cloud</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortwolk" title="Oortwolk – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oortwolk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B7" title="سحابة أورط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سحابة أورط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boira_d%27Oort" title="Boira d'Oort – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Boira d'Oort" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%98" title="উৰ্ট মেঘ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="উৰ্ট মেঘ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nube_d%27Oort" title="Nube d'Oort – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nube d'Oort" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arai_Oort" title="Arai Oort – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arai Oort" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_buludu" title="Oort buludu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oort buludu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%98" title="উর্ট মেঘ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উর্ট মেঘ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_h%C3%BBn" title="Oort hûn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Oort hûn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awan_Oort" title="Awan Oort – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Awan Oort" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Воблака Оарта – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Воблака Оарта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Воблака Оорта – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Воблака Оорта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Облак на Оорт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Облак на Оорт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortsche_Woikn" title="Oortsche Woikn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Oortsche Woikn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortov_oblak" title="Oortov oblak – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Oortov oblak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koumoulennad_Oort" title="Koumoulennad Oort – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Koumoulennad Oort" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAvol_d%27Oort" title="Núvol d'Oort – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Núvol d'Oort" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort%C5%AFv_oblak" title="Oortův oblak – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oortův oblak" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwmwl_Oort" title="Cwmwl Oort – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cwmwl Oort" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortskyen" title="Oortskyen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oortskyen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AF_%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="غيامة د ؤرت – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="غيامة د ؤرت" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortsche_Wolke" title="Oortsche Wolke – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oortsche Wolke" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96piku-Oorti_pilv" title="Öpiku-Oorti pilv – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Öpiku-Oorti pilv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AD%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%8C%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84" title="Νέφος του Όορτ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νέφος του Όορτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B9vul_%27d_Oort" title="Nùvul 'd Oort – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Nùvul 'd Oort" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nube_de_Oort" title="Nube de Oort – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nube de Oort" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oorta_nubo" title="Oorta nubo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Oorta nubo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oorten_hodeia" title="Oorten hodeia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Oorten hodeia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="ابر اورت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابر اورت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuage_de_Oort" title="Nuage de Oort – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nuage de Oort" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scamall_Oort" title="Scamall Oort – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Scamall Oort" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neul_Oort" title="Neul Oort – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Neul Oort" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nube_de_Oort" title="Nube de Oort – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nube de Oort" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84" title="오르트 구름 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오르트 구름" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BA" title="Օորտի ամպ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օորտի ամպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2" title="और्ट बादल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="और्ट बादल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortov_oblak" title="Oortov oblak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oortov oblak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awan_Oort" title="Awan Oort – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Awan Oort" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortsk%C3%BD" title="Oortský – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Oortský" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nube_di_Oort" title="Nube di Oort – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nube di Oort" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98" title="עננת אורט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עננת אורט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9ga_Oort" title="Méga Oort – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Méga Oort" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A1" title="ಊರ್ಟ್ ಮೋಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಊರ್ಟ್ ಮೋಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ოორტის ღრუბელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოორტის ღრუბელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wingu_la_Oort" title="Wingu la Oort – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wingu la Oort" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nubes_Oort" title="Nubes Oort – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nubes Oort" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_m%C4%81konis" title="Orta mākonis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Orta mākonis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort-Wollek" title="Oort-Wollek – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Oort-Wollek" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orto_kometoid%C5%B3_debesis" title="Orto kometoidų debesis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Orto kometoidų debesis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortwolk" title="Oortwolk – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Oortwolk" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigol_de_Oort" title="Nigol de Oort – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nigol de Oort" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort-felh%C5%91" title="Oort-felhő – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oort-felhő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ортов Облак – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ортов Облак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%82" title="ഒർട്ട് മേഘം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒർട്ട് മേഘം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%A7aba_ta%27_Oort" title="Sħaba ta' Oort – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sħaba ta' Oort" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%98" title="ऊर्टचा मेघ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऊर्टचा मेघ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90" title="ოორტაშ მუნაფა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოორტაშ მუნაფა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awan_Oort" title="Awan Oort – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Awan Oort" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အောတိမ်တိုက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အောတိမ်တိုက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortwolk" title="Oortwolk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oortwolk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%81%AE%E9%9B%B2" title="オールトの雲 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オールトの雲" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oorts_sky" title="Oorts sky – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oorts sky" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortskya" title="Oortskya – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Oortskya" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ADvol_d%27Oort" title="Nívol d'Oort – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nívol d'Oort" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_buluti" title="Oort buluti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oort buluti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84" title="اوورٹ بدل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اوورٹ بدل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortsche_Wulk" title="Oortsche Wulk – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Oortsche Wulk" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ob%C5%82ok_Oorta" title="Obłok Oorta – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Obłok Oorta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuvem_de_Oort" title="Nuvem de Oort – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nuvem de Oort" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortsche_Wolke" title="Oortsche Wolke – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Oortsche Wolke" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norul_lui_Oort" title="Norul lui Oort – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Norul lui Oort" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Облако Оорта – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Облако Оорта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_clood" title="Oort clood – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Oort clood" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nubbi_di_Oort" title="Nubbi di Oort – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nubbi di Oort" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Oort cloud" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortov_mrak_kom%C3%A9t" title="Oortov mrak komét – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Oortov mrak komét" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortov_oblak" title="Oortov oblak – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Oortov oblak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ортов облак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ортов облак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortov_oblak" title="Oortov oblak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oortov oblak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oortin_pilvi" title="Oortin pilvi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oortin pilvi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oorts_kometmoln" title="Oorts kometmoln – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Oorts kometmoln" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulap_na_Oort" title="Ulap na Oort – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ulap na Oort" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Оорт болыты – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Оорт болыты" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%98%E0%B0%82" title="ఊర్ట్ మేఘం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఊర్ట్ మేఘం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95" title="เมฆออร์ต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมฆออร์ต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Абри оорт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Абри оорт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_bulutu" title="Oort bulutu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oort bulutu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Хмара Оорта – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хмара Оорта" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84" title="اورت بادل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اورت بادل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nube_de_Oort" title="Nube de Oort – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Nube de Oort" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A1m_m%C3%A2y_Oort" title="Đám mây Oort – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đám mây Oort" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dampog_Oort" title="Dampog Oort – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dampog Oort" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥尔特云" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%89%B9%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%B2" title="歐特星雲 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="歐特星雲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥尔特云" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40864#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Oort_cloud" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Oort_cloud" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Oort_cloud" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&oldid=1259120784" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Oort_cloud&id=1259120784&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOort_cloud"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOort_cloud"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Oort_cloud&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oort_cloud" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40864" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-featured-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles*" title="This is a featured article. Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-spoken-icon" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oort_Cloud.ogg" title="Listen to this article"><img alt="Listen to this article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Distant planetesimals in the Solar System</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the outer Oort cloud. For the inner Oort cloud, see <a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/300px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/450px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg/600px-PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5432" data-file-height="3025" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The distance from the Oort cloud to the interior of the Solar System, and two of the nearest stars, is measured in <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">astronomical units</a>. The scale is <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic</a>: each indicated distance is ten times farther out than the previous distance. The red arrow indicates the projected location, in 2025–2027, of the <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probe</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i>, which may reach the Oort cloud about 300 years later.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/300px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/450px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/600px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="439" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">An <a href="/wiki/Artist%27s_impression" title="Artist's impression">artist's impression</a> of the Oort cloud and the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> (inset); the sizes of objects are over-scaled for visibility.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Oort cloud</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɔːr/: 'ar' in 'war'">ɔːr</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ʊər/: 'our' in 'tour'">ʊər</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes called the <b>Öpik–Oort cloud</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Whipple_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whipple-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is <a href="/wiki/Scientific_theory" title="Scientific theory">theorized</a> to be a vast cloud of <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">icy</a> <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimals</a> surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> at distances ranging from 2,000 to 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">AU</a> (0.03 to 3.2 <a href="/wiki/Light-years" class="mw-redirect" title="Light-years">light-years</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concept of such a cloud was proposed in 1950 by the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Oort" title="Jan Oort">Jan Oort</a>, in whose honor the idea was named. Oort proposed that the bodies in this cloud replenish and keep constant the number of <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">long-period comets</a> entering the <a href="/wiki/Inner_solar_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner solar system">inner Solar System</a>—where they are eventually consumed and destroyed during close approaches to the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-SPC-20181004_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPC-20181004-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cloud is thought to encompass two regions: a <a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_disc" title="Circumstellar disc">disc-shaped</a> inner Oort cloud aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic" title="Ecliptic">solar ecliptic</a> (also called its <a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a>) and a <a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_envelope" title="Circumstellar envelope">spherical</a> outer Oort cloud enclosing the entire <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>. Both regions lie well beyond the <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a> and are in <a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Interstellar_space" title="Outer space">interstellar space</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jpl.PIA17046_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl.PIA17046-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The innermost portion of the Oort cloud is more than a thousand times as distant from the Sun as the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">scattered disc</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">detached objects</a>—three nearer reservoirs of <a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">trans-Neptunian objects</a>. </p><p>The outer limit of the Oort cloud defines the <a href="/wiki/Cosmography" title="Cosmography">cosmographic</a> boundary of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>. This area is defined by the Sun's <a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">Hill sphere</a>, and hence lies at the interface between solar and galactic gravitational dominion.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA_SSE_oort_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA_SSE_oort-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outer Oort cloud is only loosely bound to the Solar System and its constituents are easily affected by the gravitational pulls of both <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs#Distant_future_and_past_encounters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">passing stars</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> itself. These forces served to moderate and render more circular the highly eccentric orbits of material ejected from the inner Solar System during its <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">early phases of development</a>. The circular orbits of material in the Oort disc are largely thanks to this galactic gravitational torquing.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the same token, galactic interference in the motion of Oort bodies occasionally dislodges <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comets</a> from their orbits within the cloud, sending them into the <a href="/wiki/Inner_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner Solar System">inner Solar System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on their orbits, most but not all of the <a href="/wiki/Short-period_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Short-period comet">short-period comets</a> appear to have come from the Oort disc. Other short-period comets may have originated from the far larger spherical cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-emel2007_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emel2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Astronomers hypothesize that the material presently in the Oort cloud formed much closer to the Sun, in the <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoplanetary disc">protoplanetary disc</a>, and was then scattered far into space through the gravitational influence of the <a href="/wiki/Giant_planet" title="Giant planet">giant planets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No direct observation of the Oort cloud is possible with present imaging technology.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the cloud is thought to be the source that replenishes most <a href="/wiki/Long-period_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-period comet">long-period</a> and <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">Halley-type</a> comets, which are eventually consumed by their close approaches to the Sun after entering the inner Solar System. The cloud may also serve the same function for many of the <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">centaurs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Jupiter-family_comets" title="Category:Jupiter-family comets">Jupiter-family comets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-emel2007_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emel2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width: auto;"><caption class="sidebar-outer-title">Types of <a href="/wiki/Distant_minor_planet" title="Distant minor planet">distant minor planets</a></caption><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune trojans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">Trans-Neptunian objects</a> (TNOs) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt objects</a> (KBOs) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Kuiper_belt_object" title="Classical Kuiper belt object">Classical KBOs</a> (cubewanos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resonant_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Resonant trans-Neptunian object">Resonant KBOs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">Plutinos</a> (2:3 resonance)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resonant_trans-Neptunian_object#1:2_resonance_("twotinos",_period_~330_years)" title="Resonant trans-Neptunian object">Twotinos</a> (1:2 resonance)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc objects</a> (SDOs) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resonant_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Resonant trans-Neptunian object">Resonant SDOs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Extreme trans-Neptunian object">Extreme trans-Neptunian object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached objects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">Sednoids</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oort cloud objects</a> (ICO/OCOs)</li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Distant_minor_planets_sidebar" title="Template:Distant minor planets sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Distant_minor_planets_sidebar" title="Template talk:Distant minor planets sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Distant_minor_planets_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Distant minor planets sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_of_theory">Development of theory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development of theory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the turn of the 20th century, it was understood that there were two main classes of comet: short-period comets (also called <i><a href="/wiki/Ecliptic" title="Ecliptic">ecliptic</a></i> comets) and long-period comets (also called <i>nearly <a href="/wiki/Isotropy" title="Isotropy">isotropic</a></i> comets). Ecliptic comets have relatively small orbits aligned near the <a href="/wiki/Plane_of_the_ecliptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane of the ecliptic">ecliptic plane</a> and are not found much farther than the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper cliff">Kuiper cliff</a> around 50 AU from the Sun (the orbit of <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> averages about 30 AU and <a href="/wiki/177P/Barnard" title="177P/Barnard">177P/Barnard</a> has aphelion around 48 AU). Long-period comets, on the other hand, travel in very large orbits thousands of AU from the Sun and are isotropically distributed. This means long-period comets appear from every direction in the sky, both above and below the ecliptic plane.<sup id="cite_ref-book_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The origin of these comets was not well understood, and many long-period comets were initially assumed to be on parabolic trajectories, making them one-time visitors to the Sun from interstellar space. </p><p>In 1907, <a href="/wiki/Armin_Otto_Leuschner" title="Armin Otto Leuschner">Armin Otto Leuschner</a> suggested that many of the comets then thought to have parabolic orbits in fact moved along extremely large elliptical orbits that would return them to the inner Solar System after long intervals during which they were invisible to Earth-based astronomy.<sup id="cite_ref-ley1967204_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley1967204-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, the <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonian</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%C3%96pik" title="Ernst Öpik">Ernst Öpik</a> proposed a reservoir of long-period comets in the form of an orbiting cloud at the outermost edge of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Öpik-1932_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Öpik-1932-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Jan_Oort" title="Jan Oort">Jan Oort</a> revived this basic idea in 1950 to resolve a paradox about the origin of comets. The following facts are not easily reconcilable with the highly elliptical orbits in which long-period comets are always found: </p> <ul><li>Over millions and billions of years the orbits of Oort cloud comets are unstable. <a href="/wiki/Dynamics_(physics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamics (physics)">Celestial dynamics</a> will eventually dictate that a comet must be pulled away by a passing star, collide with the Sun or a planet, or be ejected from the Solar System through planetary <a href="/wiki/Perturbation_(astronomy)" title="Perturbation (astronomy)">perturbations</a>.</li> <li>Moreover, the volatile composition of comets means that as they repeatedly approach the Sun <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation" title="Electromagnetic radiation">radiation</a> gradually boils the volatiles off until the comet splits or develops an insulating crust that prevents further <a href="/wiki/Outgassing" title="Outgassing">outgassing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oort_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oort-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Oort reasoned that comets with orbits that closely approach the Sun cannot have been doing so since the condensation of the protoplanetary disc, more than 4.5 billion years ago. Hence long-period comets could not have formed in the current orbits in which they are always discovered and must have been held in an outer reservoir for nearly all of their existence.<sup id="cite_ref-Oort_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oort-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dave_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dave-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-book_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oort also studied tables of <a href="/wiki/Ephemeris" title="Ephemeris">ephemerides</a> for long-period comets and discovered that there is a curious concentration of long-period comets whose farthest retreat from the Sun (their <a href="/wiki/Aphelion" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphelion">aphelia</a>) cluster around 20,000 AU. This suggested a reservoir at that distance with a spherical, <a href="/wiki/Isotropy" title="Isotropy">isotropic</a> distribution. He also proposed that the relatively rare comets with orbits of about 10,000 AU probably went through one or more orbits into the inner Solar System and there had their orbits drawn inward by the <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a> of the planets.<sup id="cite_ref-book_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_composition">Structure and composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure and composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg/280px-Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg/420px-Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg/560px-Oort_cloud_Sedna_orbit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2499" data-file-height="2499" /></a><figcaption>The presumed distance of the Oort cloud compared to the rest of the Solar System</figcaption></figure> <p>The Oort cloud is thought to occupy a vast space somewhere between 2,000 and 5,000 AU (0.03 and 0.08 ly)<sup id="cite_ref-book_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the Sun to as far out as 50,000 AU (0.79 ly) or even 100,000 to 200,000 AU (1.58 to 3.16 ly).<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-book_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region can be subdivided into a spherical outer Oort cloud with a radius of some 20,000–50,000 AU (0.32–0.79 ly) and a <a href="/wiki/Torus" title="Torus">torus</a>-shaped inner Oort cloud with a radius of 2,000–20,000 AU (0.03–0.32 ly). </p><p>The inner Oort cloud is sometimes known as the Hills cloud, named for <a href="/wiki/Jack_G._Hills" title="Jack G. Hills">Jack G. Hills</a>, who proposed its existence in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-hills1981_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hills1981-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Models predict the inner cloud to be the much denser of the two, having tens or hundreds of times as many cometary nuclei as the outer cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-hills1981_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hills1981-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-levison2001_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levison2001-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Donahue1991_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donahue1991-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hills cloud is thought to be necessary to explain the continued existence of the Oort cloud after billions of years.<sup id="cite_ref-Julio1997_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Julio1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because it lies at the interface between the dominion of Solar and galactic gravitation, the objects comprising the outer Oort cloud are only weakly bound to the Sun. This in turn allows small perturbations from nearby stars or the Milky Way itself to inject long-period (and possibly <a href="/wiki/List_of_Halley-type_comets" title="List of Halley-type comets">Halley-type</a>) comets inside the orbit of <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This process ought to have depleted the sparser, outer cloud and yet long-period comets with orbits well above or below the ecliptic continue to be observed. The Hills cloud is thought to be a secondary reservoir of cometary nuclei and the source of replenishment for the tenuous outer cloud as the latter's numbers are gradually depleted through losses to the inner Solar System. </p><p>The outer Oort cloud may have trillions of objects larger than 1 km (0.6 mi),<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and billions with diameters of 20-kilometre (12 mi). This corresponds to an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_magnitude#Solar_System_bodies_(H)" title="Absolute magnitude">absolute magnitude</a> of more than 11.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On this analysis, "neighboring" objects in the outer cloud are separated by a significant fraction of 1 AU, tens of millions of kilometres.<sup id="cite_ref-emel2007_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emel2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outer cloud's total mass is not known, but assuming that <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">Halley's Comet</a> is a suitable proxy for the nuclei composing the outer Oort cloud, their combined mass would be roughly 3<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>25</sup> kilograms (6.6<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>25</sup> lb), or five Earth masses.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formerly the outer cloud was thought to be more massive by two orders of magnitude, containing up to 380 Earth masses,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but improved knowledge of the size distribution of long-period comets has led to lower estimates. No estimates of the mass of the inner Oort cloud have been published as of 2023. </p><p>If analyses of comets are representative of the whole, the vast majority of Oort-cloud objects consist of <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">ices</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Ice" title="Ice">water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethane" title="Ethane">ethane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_cyanide" title="Hydrogen cyanide">hydrogen cyanide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the discovery of the object <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_PW" title="1996 PW">1996 PW</a></span>, an object whose appearance was consistent with a <a href="/wiki/D-type_asteroid" title="D-type asteroid">D-type asteroid</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in an orbit typical of a long-period comet, prompted theoretical research that suggests that the Oort cloud population consists of roughly one to two percent asteroids.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Analysis of the carbon and nitrogen <a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">isotope</a> ratios in both the long-period and Jupiter-family comets shows little difference between the two, despite their presumably vastly separate regions of origin. This suggests that both originated from the original protosolar cloud,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a conclusion also supported by studies of granular size in Oort-cloud comets<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by the recent impact study of Jupiter-family comet <a href="/wiki/Tempel_1" title="Tempel 1">Tempel 1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Oort cloud is thought to have developed after the <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">formation of planets</a> from the primordial <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoplanetary disc">protoplanetary disc</a> approximately 4.6 billion years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most widely accepted hypothesis is that the Oort cloud's objects initially coalesced much closer to the Sun as part of the same process that formed the <a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">minor planets</a>. After formation, strong gravitational interactions with young gas giants, such as Jupiter, scattered the objects into extremely wide <a href="/wiki/Elliptic_orbit" title="Elliptic orbit">elliptical</a> or <a href="/wiki/Parabolic_orbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Parabolic orbit">parabolic orbits</a> that were subsequently modified by perturbations from passing stars and giant molecular clouds into long-lived orbits detached from the gas giant region.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recent research has been cited by NASA hypothesizing that a large number of Oort cloud objects are the product of an exchange of materials between the Sun and its sibling stars as they formed and drifted apart and it is suggested that many—possibly the majority—of Oort cloud objects did not form in close proximity to the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-nasax_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasax-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simulations of the evolution of the Oort cloud from the beginnings of the Solar System to the present suggest that the cloud's mass peaked around 800 million years after formation, as the pace of accretion and collision slowed and depletion began to overtake supply.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Models by <a href="/wiki/Julio_%C3%81ngel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Julio Ángel Fernández">Julio Ángel Fernández</a> suggest that the <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">scattered disc</a>, which is the main source for <a href="/wiki/Periodic_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodic comet">periodic comets</a> in the Solar System, might also be the primary source for Oort cloud objects. According to the models, about half of the objects scattered travel outward toward the Oort cloud, whereas a quarter are shifted inward to Jupiter's orbit, and a quarter are ejected on <a href="/wiki/Hyperbola" title="Hyperbola">hyperbolic</a> orbits. The scattered disc might still be supplying the Oort cloud with material.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third of the scattered disc's population is likely to end up in the Oort cloud after 2.5 billion years.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Computer models suggest that collisions of cometary debris during the formation period play a far greater role than was previously thought. According to these models, the number of collisions early in the Solar System's history was so great that most comets were destroyed before they reached the Oort cloud. Therefore, the current cumulative mass of the Oort cloud is far less than was once suspected.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The estimated mass of the cloud is only a small part of the 50–100 Earth masses of ejected material.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gravitational interaction with nearby stars and <a href="/wiki/Galactic_tide" title="Galactic tide">galactic tides</a> modified cometary orbits to make them more circular. This explains the nearly spherical shape of the outer Oort cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, the <a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a>, which is bound more strongly to the Sun, has not acquired a spherical shape. Recent studies have shown that the formation of the Oort cloud is broadly compatible with the hypothesis that the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a> formed as part of an embedded <a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">cluster</a> of 200–400 stars. These early stars likely played a role in the cloud's formation, since the number of close stellar passages within the cluster was much higher than today, leading to far more frequent perturbations.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2010 <a href="/wiki/Harold_F._Levison" title="Harold F. Levison">Harold F. Levison</a> and others suggested on the basis of enhanced computer simulations that the Sun "captured comets from other stars while it was in its <a href="/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster">birth cluster</a>." Their results imply that "a substantial fraction of the Oort cloud comets, perhaps exceeding 90%, are from the protoplanetary discs of other stars."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2020 Amir Siraj and <a href="/wiki/Avi_Loeb" title="Avi Loeb">Avi Loeb</a> found that a captured origin for the Oort Cloud in the Sun's <a href="/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster">birth cluster</a> could address the theoretical tension in explaining the observed ratio of outer Oort cloud to <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">scattered disc</a> objects, and in addition could increase the chances of a captured <a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comets">Comets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Comets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comets</a> are thought to have two separate points of origin in the Solar System. Short-period comets (those with orbits of up to 200 years) are generally accepted to have emerged from either the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> or the scattered disc, which are two linked flat discs of icy debris beyond Neptune's orbit at 30 AU and jointly extending out beyond 100 AU. Very long-period comets, such as <a href="/wiki/C/1999_F1_(Catalina)" title="C/1999 F1 (Catalina)">C/1999 F1 (Catalina)</a>, whose orbits last for millions of years, are thought to originate directly from the outer Oort cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-C1999F1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C1999F1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other comets modeled to have come directly from the outer Oort cloud include <a href="/wiki/C/2006_P1_(McNaught)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2006 P1 (McNaught)">C/2006 P1 (McNaught)</a>, <a href="/wiki/C/2010_X1_(Elenin)" title="C/2010 X1 (Elenin)">C/2010 X1 (Elenin)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comet_ISON" title="Comet ISON">Comet ISON</a>, <a href="/wiki/C/2013_A1_(Siding_Spring)" title="C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)">C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)</a>, <a href="/wiki/C/2017_K2" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2017 K2">C/2017 K2</a>, and <a href="/wiki/C/2017_T2_(PANSTARRS)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2017 T2 (PANSTARRS)">C/2017 T2 (PANSTARRS)</a>. The orbits within the Kuiper belt are relatively stable, and so very few comets are thought to originate there. The scattered disc, however, is dynamically active, and is far more likely to be the place of origin for comets.<sup id="cite_ref-book_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Comets pass from the scattered disc into the realm of the outer planets, becoming what are known as <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">centaurs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These centaurs are then sent farther inward to become the short-period comets.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two main varieties of short-period comets: Jupiter-family comets (those with <a href="/wiki/Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">semi-major axes</a> of less than 5 AU) and Halley-family comets. Halley-family comets, named for their prototype, <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">Halley's Comet</a>, are unusual in that although they are short-period comets, it is hypothesized that their ultimate origin lies in the Oort cloud, not in the scattered disc. Based on their orbits, it is suggested they were long-period comets that were captured by the gravity of the giant planets and sent into the inner Solar System.<sup id="cite_ref-dave_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dave-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This process may have also created the present orbits of a significant fraction of the Jupiter-family comets, although the majority of such comets are thought to have originated in the scattered disc.<sup id="cite_ref-emel2007_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emel2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oort noted that the number of returning comets was far less than his model predicted, and this issue, known as "cometary fading", has yet to be resolved. No dynamical process is known to explain the smaller number of observed comets than Oort estimated. Hypotheses for this discrepancy include the destruction of comets due to tidal stresses, impact or heating; the loss of all <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">volatiles</a>, rendering some comets invisible, or the formation of a non-volatile crust on the surface.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dynamical studies of hypothetical Oort cloud comets have estimated that their occurrence in the <a href="/wiki/Outer_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Outer planets">outer-planet</a> region would be several times higher than in the inner-planet region. This discrepancy may be due to the gravitational attraction of <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, which acts as a kind of barrier, trapping incoming comets and causing them to collide with it, just as it did with <a href="/wiki/Comet_Shoemaker%E2%80%93Levy_9" title="Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9">Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9</a> in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-julio_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-julio-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of a typical dynamically old comet with an origin in the Oort cloud could be C/2018 F4.<sup id="cite_ref-Oort_Cloud_origin_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oort_Cloud_origin-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tidal_effects">Tidal effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tidal effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Galactic_tide" title="Galactic tide">Galactic tide</a></div> <p>Most of the comets seen close to the Sun seem to have reached their current positions through gravitational perturbation of the Oort cloud by the <a href="/wiki/Tidal_force" title="Tidal force">tidal force</a> exerted by the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a>. Just as the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>'s tidal force deforms Earth's oceans, causing the tides to rise and fall, the galactic tide also distorts the orbits of bodies in the <a href="/wiki/Outer_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Outer Solar System">outer Solar System</a>. In the charted regions of the Solar System, these effects are negligible compared to the gravity of the Sun, but in the outer reaches of the system, the Sun's gravity is weaker and the gradient of the Milky Way's gravitational <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">Galactic Center</a> compresses it along the other two axes; these small perturbations can shift orbits in the Oort cloud to bring objects close to the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The point at which the Sun's gravity concedes its influence to the galactic tide is called the tidal truncation radius. It lies at a radius of 100,000 to 200,000 au, and marks the outer boundary of the Oort cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-book_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some scholars theorize that the galactic tide may have contributed to the formation of the Oort cloud by increasing the <a href="/wiki/Perihelion_and_aphelion" class="mw-redirect" title="Perihelion and aphelion">perihelia</a> (smallest distances to the Sun) of <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimals</a> with large aphelia (largest distances to the Sun).<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The effects of the galactic tide are quite complex, and depend heavily on the behaviour of individual objects within a planetary system. Cumulatively, however, the effect can be quite significant: up to 90% of all comets originating from the Oort cloud may be the result of the galactic tide.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statistical models of the observed orbits of long-period comets argue that the galactic tide is the principal means by which their orbits are perturbed toward the inner Solar System.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stellar_perturbations_and_stellar_companion_hypotheses">Stellar perturbations and stellar companion hypotheses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Stellar perturbations and stellar companion hypotheses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besides the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_tide" title="Galactic tide">galactic tide</a>, the main trigger for sending comets into the inner Solar System is thought to be interaction between the Sun's Oort cloud and the gravitational fields of nearby stars<sup id="cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or giant <a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">molecular clouds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-julio_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-julio-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The orbit of the Sun through the plane of the Milky Way sometimes brings it in relatively <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars#Future_and_past" title="List of nearest stars">close proximity to other stellar systems</a>. For example, it is hypothesized that 70,000 years ago <a href="/wiki/Scholz%27s_Star" title="Scholz's Star">Scholz's Star</a> passed through the outer Oort cloud (although its low mass and high relative velocity limited its effect).<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the next 10 million years the known star with the greatest possibility of perturbing the Oort cloud is <a href="/wiki/Gliese_710" title="Gliese 710">Gliese 710</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-algol_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-algol-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This process could also scatter Oort cloud objects out of the ecliptic plane, potentially also explaining its spherical distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-algol_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-algol-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, <a href="/wiki/Physicist" title="Physicist">physicist</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Muller" title="Richard A. Muller">Richard A. Muller</a> postulated that the Sun has an as-yet undetected companion, either a <a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">brown dwarf</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">red dwarf</a>, in an elliptical orbit within the Oort cloud. This object, known as <a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis</a>, was hypothesized to pass through a portion of the Oort cloud approximately every 26 million years, bombarding the inner Solar System with comets. However, to date no evidence of Nemesis has been found, and many lines of evidence (such as <a href="/wiki/Crater_counting" title="Crater counting">crater counts</a>), have thrown its existence into doubt.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent scientific analysis no longer supports the idea that extinctions on Earth happen at regular, repeating intervals.<sup id="cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyche2011-060-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the Nemesis hypothesis is no longer needed to explain current assumptions.<sup id="cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyche2011-060-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A somewhat similar hypothesis was advanced by astronomer <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_J._Matese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John J. Matese (page does not exist)">John J. Matese</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisiana_at_Lafayette" title="University of Louisiana at Lafayette">University of Louisiana at Lafayette</a> in 2002. He contends that more comets are arriving in the inner Solar System from a particular region of the postulated Oort cloud than can be explained by the galactic tide or stellar perturbations alone, and that the most likely cause would be a <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>-mass object in a distant orbit.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This hypothetical <a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">gas giant</a> was nicknamed <a href="/wiki/Tyche_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Tyche (hypothetical planet)">Tyche</a>. The <a href="/wiki/WISE_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="WISE mission">WISE mission</a>, an <a href="/wiki/All-sky_survey" class="mw-redirect" title="All-sky survey">all-sky survey</a> using <a href="/wiki/Parallax" title="Parallax">parallax</a> measurements in order to clarify local star distances, was capable of proving or disproving the Tyche hypothesis.<sup id="cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyche2011-060-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, NASA announced that the WISE survey had ruled out any object as they had defined it.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20140307_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20140307-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_exploration">Future exploration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Future exploration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Voyager_spacecraft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Voyager_spacecraft.jpg/220px-Voyager_spacecraft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Voyager_spacecraft.jpg/330px-Voyager_spacecraft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Voyager_spacecraft.jpg/440px-Voyager_spacecraft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3017" data-file-height="2494" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Artist%27s_impression" title="Artist's impression">Artist's impression</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Voyager_program" title="Voyager program"><i>Voyager</i> spacecraft</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Space probes have yet to reach the area of the Oort cloud. <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i>, the once fastest<sup id="cite_ref-New_Horizons2006_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Horizons2006-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and farthest<sup id="cite_ref-g.2013sep13_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g.2013sep13-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the interplanetary space probes currently leaving the Solar System, will reach the Oort cloud in about 300 years<sup id="cite_ref-jpl.PIA17046_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl.PIA17046-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ut.104717_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ut.104717-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would take about 30,000 years to pass through it.<sup id="cite_ref-Ghose2013_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ghose2013-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-How_We_Know_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-How_We_Know-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, around 2025, the <a href="/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator" title="Radioisotope thermoelectric generator">radioisotope thermoelectric generators</a> on <i>Voyager 1</i> will no longer supply enough power to operate any of its scientific instruments, preventing any further exploration by <i>Voyager 1.</i> The <a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_escaping_the_Solar_System" title="Category:Spacecraft escaping the Solar System">other four probes</a> currently escaping the Solar System have either already stopped functioning or are predicted to stop functioning before they reach the Oort cloud. </p><p>In the 1980s, there was a concept for a probe that could reach 1,000 AU in 50 years, called <i><a href="/wiki/TAU_(spacecraft)" title="TAU (spacecraft)">TAU</a></i>; among its missions would be to look for the Oort cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2014 Announcement of Opportunity for the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery program">Discovery program</a>, an observatory to detect the objects in the Oort cloud (and Kuiper belt) called the <a href="/wiki/Whipple_(spacecraft)" title="Whipple (spacecraft)">"Whipple Mission"</a> was proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would monitor distant stars with a photometer, looking for transits up to 10,000 AU away.<sup id="cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The observatory was proposed for halo orbiting around L2 with a suggested 5-year mission.<sup id="cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also suggested that the <a href="/wiki/Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler space telescope</a> could have been capable of detecting objects in the Oort cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">Heliosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstellar comet">Interstellar comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_dwarf_planets" title="List of possible dwarf planets">List of possible dwarf planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trans-Neptunian_objects" title="List of trans-Neptunian objects">List of trans-Neptunian objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planets_beyond_Neptune" title="Planets beyond Neptune">Planets beyond Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Tyche (hypothetical planet)">Tyche (hypothetical planet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis (hypothetical star)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Oort_Cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner Oort Cloud">Inner Oort Cloud</a></li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-Oort" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=Oort">"Oort"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oort&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3DOort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whipple-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whipple_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhippleTurnerMcDonnellWallis1987" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Lawrence_Whipple" title="Fred Lawrence Whipple">Whipple, F. L.</a>; Turner, G.; McDonnell, J. A. M.; Wallis, M. K. (1987-09-30). "A Review of Cometary Sciences". <i><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_Transactions_of_the_Royal_Society_A" title="Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A">Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</a></i>. <b>323</b> (1572): 339–347 [341]. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987RSPTA.323..339W">1987RSPTA.323..339W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsta.1987.0090">10.1098/rsta.1987.0090</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119801256">119801256</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+A&rft.atitle=A+Review+of+Cometary+Sciences&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=1572&rft.pages=339-347+341&rft.date=1987-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A119801256%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsta.1987.0090&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987RSPTA.323..339W&rft.aulast=Whipple&rft.aufirst=F.+L.&rft.au=Turner%2C+G.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+J.+A.+M.&rft.au=Wallis%2C+M.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2015" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Matt (August 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universetoday.com/32522/oort-cloud/">"What is the Oort Cloud?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123211102/https://www.universetoday.com/32522/oort-cloud/">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+the+Oort+Cloud%3F&rft.date=2015-08-10&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.universetoday.com%2F32522%2Foort-cloud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morbidelli2006-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morbidelli2006_5-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlessandro_Morbidelli2006" class="citation arxiv cs1">Alessandro Morbidelli (2006). "Origin and dynamical evolution of comets and their reservoirs of water ammonia and methane". <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512256">astro-ph/0512256</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=preprint&rft.jtitle=arXiv&rft.atitle=Origin+and+dynamical+evolution+of+comets+and+their+reservoirs+of+water+ammonia+and+methane&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0512256&rft.au=Alessandro+Morbidelli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPC-20181004-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SPC-20181004_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedd2018" class="citation news cs1">Redd, Nola Taylor (October 4, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/16401-oort-cloud-the-outer-solar-system-s-icy-shell.html">"Oort Cloud: The Outer Solar System's Icy Shell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Space.com" title="Space.com">Space.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126014353/https://www.space.com/16401-oort-cloud-the-outer-solar-system-s-icy-shell.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=Oort+Cloud%3A+The+Outer+Solar+System%27s+Icy+Shell&rft.date=2018-10-04&rft.aulast=Redd&rft.aufirst=Nola+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F16401-oort-cloud-the-outer-solar-system-s-icy-shell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jpl.PIA17046-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jpl.PIA17046_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jpl.PIA17046_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA17046">"Catalog Page for PIA17046"</a>. <i>Photo Journal</i>. NASA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190524132502/https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA17046">Archived</a> from the original on May 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Photo+Journal&rft.atitle=Catalog+Page+for+PIA17046&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphotojournal.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fcatalog%2FPIA17046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA_SSE_oort-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NASA_SSE_oort_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031226133830/http://www.solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=KBOs&Display=OverviewLong">"Kuiper Belt & Oort Cloud"</a>. <i>NASA Solar System Exploration web site</i>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=KBOs&Display=OverviewLong">the original</a> on 2003-12-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-08-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA+Solar+System+Exploration+web+site&rft.atitle=Kuiper+Belt+%26+Oort+Cloud&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.nasa.gov%2Fplanets%2Fprofile.cfm%3FObject%3DKBOs%26Display%3DOverviewLong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymond2023" class="citation web cs1">Raymond, Sean (2023-06-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetplanet.net/2023/06/21/oort-cloud-exoplanets/">"Oort cloud (exo)planets"</a>. <i>PLANETPLANET</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230701070846/https://planetplanet.net/2023/06/21/oort-cloud-exoplanets/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PLANETPLANET&rft.atitle=Oort+cloud+%28exo%29planets&rft.date=2023-06-21&rft.aulast=Raymond&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplanetplanet.net%2F2023%2F06%2F21%2Foort-cloud-exoplanets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-emel2007-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emel2007_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emel2007_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emel2007_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emel2007_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV._V._EmelyanenkoD._J._AsherM._E._Bailey2007" class="citation journal cs1">V. V. Emelyanenko; D. J. Asher; M. E. Bailey (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2007.12269.x">"The fundamental role of the Oort Cloud in determining the flux of comets through the planetary system"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Monthly_Notices_of_the_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</a></i>. <b>381</b> (2): 779–789. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007MNRAS.381..779E">2007MNRAS.381..779E</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.558.9946">10.1.1.558.9946</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2007.12269.x">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12269.x</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=The+fundamental+role+of+the+Oort+Cloud+in+determining+the+flux+of+comets+through+the+planetary+system&rft.volume=381&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=779-789&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.558.9946%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2007.12269.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007MNRAS.381..779E&rft.au=V.+V.+Emelyanenko&rft.au=D.+J.+Asher&rft.au=M.+E.+Bailey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1365-2966.2007.12269.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/overview">"Oort Cloud"</a>. <i>NASA Solar System Exploration</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230630162050/https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/overview/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA+Solar+System+Exploration&rft.atitle=Oort+Cloud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.nasa.gov%2Fsolar-system%2Foort-cloud%2Foverview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-book-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-book_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarold_F._LevisonLuke_Donnes2007" class="citation book cs1">Harold F. Levison; Luke Donnes (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1/page/575">"Comet Populations and Cometary Dynamics"</a>. In Lucy Ann Adams McFadden; Lucy-Ann Adams; Paul Robert Weissman; Torrence V. Johnson (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of the Solar System</i> (2nd ed.). Amsterdam; Boston: Academic Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1/page/575">575–588</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088589-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088589-3"><bdi>978-0-12-088589-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Comet+Populations+and+Cometary+Dynamics&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Solar+System&rft.place=Amsterdam%3B+Boston&rft.pages=575-588&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-12-088589-3&rft.au=Harold+F.+Levison&rft.au=Luke+Donnes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1%2Fpage%2F575&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ley1967204-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ley1967204_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLey1967" class="citation magazine cs1">Ley, Willy (April 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v25n04_1967-04#page/n55/mode/2up">"The Orbits of the Comets"</a>. For Your Information. <i>Galaxy Science Fiction</i>. Vol. 25, no. 4. pp. 55–63.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Galaxy+Science+Fiction&rft.atitle=The+Orbits+of+the+Comets&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=55-63&rft.date=1967-04&rft.aulast=Ley&rft.aufirst=Willy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FGalaxy_v25n04_1967-04%23page%2Fn55%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Öpik-1932-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Öpik-1932_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErnst_Julius_Öpik1932" class="citation journal cs1">Ernst Julius Öpik (1932). "Note on Stellar Perturbations of Nearby Parabolic Orbits". <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences">Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></i>. <b>67</b> (6): 169–182. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932PAAAS..67..169O">1932PAAAS..67..169O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20022899">10.2307/20022899</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20022899">20022899</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.atitle=Note+on+Stellar+Perturbations+of+Nearby+Parabolic+Orbits&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=169-182&rft.date=1932&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20022899%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F20022899&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1932PAAAS..67..169O&rft.au=Ernst+Julius+%C3%96pik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oort-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oort_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oort_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Oort1950" class="citation journal cs1">Jan Oort (1950). "The structure of the cloud of comets surrounding the Solar System and a hypothesis concerning its origin". <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_Astronomical_Institutes_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands">Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands</a></i>. <b>11</b>: 91–110. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950BAN....11...91O">1950BAN....11...91O</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Astronomical+Institutes+of+the+Netherlands&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+the+cloud+of+comets+surrounding+the+Solar+System+and+a+hypothesis+concerning+its+origin&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=91-110&rft.date=1950&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1950BAN....11...91O&rft.au=Jan+Oort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dave-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dave_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dave_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_C._Jewitt2001" class="citation journal cs1">David C. Jewitt (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200503023241/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9b63/4b7bf2b08f6bafae8bbe61fec60d36de6346.pdf">"From Kuiper Belt to Cometary Nucleus: The Missing Ultrared Matter"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical Journal">Astronomical Journal</a></i>. <b>123</b> (2): 1039–1049. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AJ....123.1039J">2002AJ....123.1039J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F338692">10.1086/338692</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:122240711">122240711</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9b63/4b7bf2b08f6bafae8bbe61fec60d36de6346.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2020-05-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.atitle=From+Kuiper+Belt+to+Cometary+Nucleus%3A+The+Missing+Ultrared+Matter&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1039-1049&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A122240711%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F338692&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002AJ....123.1039J&rft.au=David+C.+Jewitt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdfs.semanticscholar.org%2F9b63%2F4b7bf2b08f6bafae8bbe61fec60d36de6346.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hills1981-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hills1981_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hills1981_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJack_G._Hills1981" class="citation journal cs1">Jack G. Hills (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F113058">"Comet showers and the steady-state infall of comets from the Oort Cloud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical Journal">Astronomical Journal</a></i>. <b>86</b>: 1730–1740. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981AJ.....86.1730H">1981AJ.....86.1730H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F113058">10.1086/113058</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.atitle=Comet+showers+and+the+steady-state+infall+of+comets+from+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=86&rft.pages=1730-1740&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F113058&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1981AJ.....86.1730H&rft.au=Jack+G.+Hills&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F113058&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-levison2001-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-levison2001_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarold_F._LevisonLuke_DonesMartin_J._Duncan2001" class="citation journal cs1">Harold F. Levison; Luke Dones; Martin J. Duncan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F319943">"The Origin of Halley-Type Comets: Probing the Inner Oort Cloud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical Journal">Astronomical Journal</a></i>. <b>121</b> (4): 2253–2267. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AJ....121.2253L">2001AJ....121.2253L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F319943">10.1086/319943</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Origin+of+Halley-Type+Comets%3A+Probing+the+Inner+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=2253-2267&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F319943&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001AJ....121.2253L&rft.au=Harold+F.+Levison&rft.au=Luke+Dones&rft.au=Martin+J.+Duncan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F319943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donahue1991-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Donahue1991_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_M._Donahue1991" class="citation book cs1">Thomas M. Donahue, ed. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1790&page=R1"><i>Planetary Sciences: American and Soviet Research, Proceedings from the U.S.–U.S.S.R. Workshop on Planetary Sciences</i></a>. Kathleen Kearney Trivers, and David M. Abramson. National Academy Press. p. 251. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226%2F1790">10.17226/1790</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-309-04333-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-309-04333-5"><bdi>978-0-309-04333-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141109193236/http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1790&page=R1">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-11-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Planetary+Sciences%3A+American+and+Soviet+Research%2C+Proceedings+from+the+U.S.%E2%80%93U.S.S.R.+Workshop+on+Planetary+Sciences&rft.pages=251&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17226%2F1790&rft.isbn=978-0-309-04333-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.nap.edu%2Fopenbook.php%3Frecord_id%3D1790%26page%3DR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Julio1997-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Julio1997_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulio_A._Fernández1997" class="citation journal cs1">Julio A. Fernández (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/classes/ge133/reading/oort.pdf">"The Formation of the Oort Cloud and the Primitive Galactic Environment"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>219</b> (1): 106–119. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Icar..129..106F">1997Icar..129..106F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.1997.5754">10.1006/icar.1997.5754</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120724192955/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/classes/ge133/reading/oort.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2012-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=The+Formation+of+the+Oort+Cloud+and+the+Primitive+Galactic+Environment&rft.volume=219&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=106-119&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Ficar.1997.5754&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997Icar..129..106F&rft.au=Julio+A.+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fclasses%2Fge133%2Freading%2Foort.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Absolute magnitude is a measure of how bright an object would be if it were 1 au from the Sun and Earth; as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">apparent magnitude</a>, which measures how bright an object appears from Earth. Because all measurements of absolute magnitude assume the same distance, absolute magnitude is in effect a measurement of an object's brightness. The lower an object's absolute magnitude, the brighter it is.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_R._Weissman1998" class="citation web cs1">Paul R. Weissman (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111021915/http://www.sciamdigital.com/index.cfm?fa=Products.ViewIssuePreview&ISSUEID_CHAR=8DB2FB44-6B4B-47AF-B46B-791A911764D&ARTICLEID_CHAR=B294C211-98B8-4374-92AB-158C4866AB1">"The Oort Cloud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciamdigital.com/index.cfm?fa=Products.ViewIssuePreview&ISSUEID_CHAR=8DB2FB44-6B4B-47AF-B46B-791A911764D&ARTICLEID_CHAR=B294C211-98B8-4374-92AB-158C4866AB1">the original</a> on 2012-11-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=The+Oort+Cloud&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Paul+R.+Weissman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciamdigital.com%2Findex.cfm%3Ffa%3DProducts.ViewIssuePreview%26ISSUEID_CHAR%3D8DB2FB44-6B4B-47AF-B46B-791A911764D%26ARTICLEID_CHAR%3DB294C211-98B8-4374-92AB-158C4866AB1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_R._Weissman1983" class="citation journal cs1">Paul R. Weissman (1983). "The mass of the Oort Cloud". <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_and_Astrophysics" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy and Astrophysics">Astronomy and Astrophysics</a></i>. <b>118</b> (1): 90–94. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983A&A...118...90W">1983A&A...118...90W</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.atitle=The+mass+of+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=90-94&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1983A%26A...118...90W&rft.au=Paul+R.+Weissman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSebastian_Buhai" class="citation web cs1">Sebastian Buhai. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060930193158/http://www.tinbergen.nl/~buhai/pictures/UCU/Physics_AppliedMathematics/Astrophysics/long_period_comets.pdf">"On the Origin of the Long Period Comets: Competing theories"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Utrecht University College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tinbergen.nl/~buhai/pictures/UCU/Physics_AppliedMathematics/Astrophysics/long_period_comets.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2006-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+Origin+of+the+Long+Period+Comets%3A+Competing+theories&rft.pub=Utrecht+University+College&rft.au=Sebastian+Buhai&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tinbergen.nl%2F~buhai%2Fpictures%2FUCU%2FPhysics_AppliedMathematics%2FAstrophysics%2Flong_period_comets.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFE._L._GibbM._J._MummaN._Dello_RussoM._A._DiSanti2003" class="citation journal cs1">E. L. Gibb; M. J. Mumma; N. Dello Russo; M. A. DiSanti & K. Magee-Sauer (2003). "Methane in Oort Cloud comets". <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>165</b> (2): 391–406. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Icar..165..391G">2003Icar..165..391G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0019-1035%2803%2900201-X">10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00201-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Methane+in+Oort+Cloud+comets&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=391-406&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0019-1035%2803%2900201-X&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003Icar..165..391G&rft.au=E.+L.+Gibb&rft.au=M.+J.+Mumma&rft.au=N.+Dello+Russo&rft.au=M.+A.+DiSanti&rft.au=K.+Magee-Sauer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabinowitz1996" class="citation journal cs1">Rabinowitz, D. L. (August 1996). "1996 PW". <i><a href="/wiki/IAU_Circular" title="IAU Circular">IAU Circular</a></i>. <b>6466</b>: 2. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996IAUC.6466....2R">1996IAUC.6466....2R</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAU+Circular&rft.atitle=1996+PW&rft.volume=6466&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1996-08&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1996IAUC.6466....2R&rft.aulast=Rabinowitz&rft.aufirst=D.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaviesMcBrideGreenMottola1998" class="citation journal cs1">Davies, John K.; McBride, Neil; Green, Simon F.; Mottola, Stefano; et al. (April 1998). "The Lightcurve and Colors of Unusual Minor Planet 1996 PW". <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>132</b> (2): 418–430. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998Icar..132..418D">1998Icar..132..418D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.1998.5888">10.1006/icar.1998.5888</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=The+Lightcurve+and+Colors+of+Unusual+Minor+Planet+1996+PW&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=418-430&rft.date=1998-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Ficar.1998.5888&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998Icar..132..418D&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=John+K.&rft.au=McBride%2C+Neil&rft.au=Green%2C+Simon+F.&rft.au=Mottola%2C+Stefano&rft.au=Carsenty%2C+Uri&rft.au=Basran%2C+Devinder&rft.au=Hudson%2C+Kathryn+A.&rft.au=Foster%2C+Michael+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_R._WeissmanHarold_F._Levison1997" class="citation journal cs1">Paul R. Weissman; Harold F. Levison (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F310940">"Origin and Evolution of the Unusual Object 1996 PW: Asteroids from the Oort Cloud?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astrophysical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrophysical Journal">Astrophysical Journal</a></i>. <b>488</b> (2): L133–L136. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...488L.133W">1997ApJ...488L.133W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F310940">10.1086/310940</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Origin+and+Evolution+of+the+Unusual+Object+1996+PW%3A+Asteroids+from+the+Oort+Cloud%3F&rft.volume=488&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L133-L136&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F310940&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997ApJ...488L.133W&rft.au=Paul+R.+Weissman&rft.au=Harold+F.+Levison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F310940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD._HutsemekersJ._ManfroidE._JehinC._Arpigny2005" class="citation journal cs1">D. Hutsemekers; J. Manfroid; E. Jehin; C. Arpigny; A. Cochran; R. Schulz; J.A. Stüwe & J.M. Zucconi (2005). "Isotopic abundances of carbon and nitrogen in Jupiter-family and Oort Cloud comets". <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_and_Astrophysics" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy and Astrophysics">Astronomy and Astrophysics</a></i>. <b>440</b> (2): L21–L24. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0508033">astro-ph/0508033</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005A&A...440L..21H">2005A&A...440L..21H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A200500160">10.1051/0004-6361:200500160</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9278535">9278535</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.atitle=Isotopic+abundances+of+carbon+and+nitrogen+in+Jupiter-family+and+Oort+Cloud+comets&rft.volume=440&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L21-L24&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0508033&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A9278535%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A200500160&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005A%26A...440L..21H&rft.au=D.+Hutsemekers&rft.au=J.+Manfroid&rft.au=E.+Jehin&rft.au=C.+Arpigny&rft.au=A.+Cochran&rft.au=R.+Schulz&rft.au=J.A.+St%C3%BCwe&rft.au=J.M.+Zucconi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakafumi_OotsuboJun-ichi_WatanabeHideyo_KawakitaMitsuhiko_Honda2007" class="citation journal cs1">Takafumi Ootsubo; Jun-ichi Watanabe; Hideyo Kawakita; Mitsuhiko Honda & Reiko Furusho (2007). "Grain properties of Oort Cloud comets: Modeling the mineralogical composition of cometary dust from mid-infrared emission features". <i>Highlights in Planetary Science, 2nd General Assembly of Asia Oceania Geophysical Society</i>. <b>55</b> (9): 1044–1049. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007P&SS...55.1044O">2007P&SS...55.1044O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.pss.2006.11.012">10.1016/j.pss.2006.11.012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Highlights+in+Planetary+Science%2C+2nd+General+Assembly+of+Asia+Oceania+Geophysical+Society&rft.atitle=Grain+properties+of+Oort+Cloud+comets%3A+Modeling+the+mineralogical+composition+of+cometary+dust+from+mid-infrared+emission+features&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=1044-1049&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.pss.2006.11.012&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007P%26SS...55.1044O&rft.au=Takafumi+Ootsubo&rft.au=Jun-ichi+Watanabe&rft.au=Hideyo+Kawakita&rft.au=Mitsuhiko+Honda&rft.au=Reiko+Furusho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_J._MummaMichael_A._DiSantiKaren_Magee-Sauer2005" class="citation journal cs1">Michael J. Mumma; Michael A. DiSanti; Karen Magee-Sauer; et al. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/52069/7/Mumma.SOM.pdf">"Parent Volatiles in Comet 9P/Tempel 1: Before and After Impact"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" title="Science (journal)">Science Express</a></i>. <b>310</b> (5746): 270–274. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Sci...310..270M">2005Sci...310..270M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1119337">10.1126/science.1119337</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16166477">16166477</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27627764">27627764</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724035203/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/52069/7/Mumma.SOM.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Express&rft.atitle=Parent+Volatiles+in+Comet+9P%2FTempel+1%3A+Before+and+After+Impact&rft.volume=310&rft.issue=5746&rft.pages=270-274&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1119337&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27627764%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16166477&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Sci...310..270M&rft.au=Michael+J.+Mumma&rft.au=Michael+A.+DiSanti&rft.au=Karen+Magee-Sauer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauthors.library.caltech.edu%2F52069%2F7%2FMumma.SOM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solstation.com/stars/oort.htm">"Oort Cloud & Sol b?"</a>. SolStation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200214082923/http://www.solstation.com/stars/oort.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oort+Cloud+%26+Sol+b%3F&rft.pub=SolStation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solstation.com%2Fstars%2Foort.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasax-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nasax_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2010/23nov_aliencomets/">"The Sun Steals Comets from Other Stars"</a>. NASA. 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125015211/http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2010/23nov_aliencomets">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sun+Steals+Comets+from+Other+Stars&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fscience-news%2Fscience-at-nasa%2F2010%2F23nov_aliencomets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulio_A._FernándezTabaré_GallardoAdrián_Brunini2004" class="citation journal cs1">Julio A. Fernández; Tabaré Gallardo & Adrián Brunini (2004). "The scattered disc population as a source of Oort Cloud comets: evaluation of its current and past role in populating the Oort Cloud". <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>172</b> (2): 372–381. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Icar..172..372F">2004Icar..172..372F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2004.07.023">10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.023</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11336%2F36810">11336/36810</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=The+scattered+disc+population+as+a+source+of+Oort+Cloud+comets%3A+evaluation+of+its+current+and+past+role+in+populating+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=372-381&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F11336%2F36810&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2004.07.023&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004Icar..172..372F&rft.au=Julio+A.+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.au=Tabar%C3%A9+Gallardo&rft.au=Adri%C3%A1n+Brunini&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies,_J._K.Barrera,_L._H.2004" class="citation book cs1">Davies, J. K.; Barrera, L. H. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WuDdVbJf_d8C&q=+oort+cloud&pg=PA43"><i>The First Decadal Review of the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt</i></a>. Kluwer Academic Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-1781-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-1781-0"><bdi>978-1-4020-1781-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306212708/https://books.google.com/books?id=WuDdVbJf_d8C&q=+oort+cloud&pg=PA43">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Decadal+Review+of+the+Edgeworth-Kuiper+Belt.&rft.pub=Kluwer+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-1781-0&rft.au=Davies%2C+J.+K.&rft.au=Barrera%2C+L.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWuDdVbJf_d8C%26q%3D%2Boort%2Bcloud%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._Alan_SternPaul_R._Weissman2001" class="citation journal cs1">S. Alan Stern; Paul R. Weissman (2001). "Rapid collisional evolution of comets during the formation of the Oort Cloud". <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <b>409</b> (6820): 589–591. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Natur.409..589S">2001Natur.409..589S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F35054508">10.1038/35054508</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11214311">11214311</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205013399">205013399</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Rapid+collisional+evolution+of+comets+during+the+formation+of+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=6820&rft.pages=589-591&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F35054508&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205013399%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11214311&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001Natur.409..589S&rft.au=S.+Alan+Stern&rft.au=Paul+R.+Weissman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._BrasserM._J._DuncanH.F._Levison2006" class="citation journal cs1">R. Brasser; M. J. Duncan; H.F. Levison (2006). "Embedded star clusters and the formation of the Oort Cloud". <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>184</b> (1): 59–82. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Icar..184...59B">2006Icar..184...59B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2006.04.010">10.1016/j.icarus.2006.04.010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Embedded+star+clusters+and+the+formation+of+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=59-82&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2006.04.010&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006Icar..184...59B&rft.au=R.+Brasser&rft.au=M.+J.+Duncan&rft.au=H.F.+Levison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevison,_Harold2010" class="citation journal cs1">Levison, Harold; et al. (10 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1187535">"Capture of the Sun's Oort Cloud from Stars in Its Birth Cluster"</a>. <i>Science</i>. <b>329</b> (5988): 187–190. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...329..187L">2010Sci...329..187L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1187535">10.1126/science.1187535</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20538912">20538912</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:23671821">23671821</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Capture+of+the+Sun%27s+Oort+Cloud+from+Stars+in+Its+Birth+Cluster&rft.volume=329&rft.issue=5988&rft.pages=187-190&rft.date=2010-06-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1187535&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A23671821%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20538912&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010Sci...329..187L&rft.au=Levison%2C+Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1126%252Fscience.1187535&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130527002420/http://www.swri.org/9what/releases/2010/cometorigins.htm">"Many famous comets originally formed in other solar systems"</a>. <i>Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®) News</i>. 10 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.swri.org/9what/releases/2010/cometorigins.htm">the original</a> on 27 May 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Southwest+Research+Institute%C2%AE+%28SwRI%C2%AE%29+News&rft.atitle=Many+famous+comets+originally+formed+in+other+solar+systems&rft.date=2010-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swri.org%2F9what%2Freleases%2F2010%2Fcometorigins.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrasserMorbidelli2013" class="citation journal cs1">Brasser, R.; Morbidelli, A. (2013-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001910351300122X">"Oort cloud and Scattered Disc formation during a late dynamical instability in the Solar System"</a>. <i>Icarus</i>. <b>225</b> (1): 40–49. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1303.3098">1303.3098</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013Icar..225...40B">2013Icar..225...40B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2013.03.012">10.1016/j.icarus.2013.03.012</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0019-1035">0019-1035</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:118654097">118654097</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306202733/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001910351300122X">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Oort+cloud+and+Scattered+Disc+formation+during+a+late+dynamical+instability+in+the+Solar+System&rft.volume=225&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=40-49&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A118654097%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013Icar..225...40B&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1303.3098&rft.issn=0019-1035&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2013.03.012&rft.aulast=Brasser&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Morbidelli%2C+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS001910351300122X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSirajLoeb2020" class="citation journal cs1">Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fabac66">"The Case for an Early Solar Binary Companion"</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>899</b> (2): L24. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.10339">2007.10339</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ApJ...899L..24S">2020ApJ...899L..24S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fabac66">10.3847/2041-8213/abac66</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-8213">2041-8213</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220665422">220665422</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Case+for+an+Early+Solar+Binary+Companion&rft.volume=899&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L24&rft.date=2020-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A220665422%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020ApJ...899L..24S&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F2007.10339&rft.issn=2041-8213&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fabac66&rft.aulast=Siraj&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft.au=Loeb%2C+Abraham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3847%252F2041-8213%252Fabac66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2020-19">"The Sun May Have Started Its Life with a Binary Companion"</a>. <i>www.cfa.harvard.edu/</i>. 2020-08-17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302150612/https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2020-19">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cfa.harvard.edu%2F&rft.atitle=The+Sun+May+Have+Started+Its+Life+with+a+Binary+Companion&rft.date=2020-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfa.harvard.edu%2Fnews%2F2020-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C1999F1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C1999F1_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorizons_output" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/JPL_Horizons_On-Line_Ephemeris_System" title="JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System">Horizons</a> output. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%271999+F1%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%271950-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%272050-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%20years%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27">"Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/1999 F1 (Catalina)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213432/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND='1999+F1'&TABLE_TYPE='ELEMENTS'&START_TIME='1950-01-01'&STOP_TIME='2050-01-01'&STEP_SIZE='100%20years'&CENTER='@0'&OUT_UNITS='AU-D'">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barycentric+Osculating+Orbital+Elements+for+Comet+C%2F1999+F1+%28Catalina%29&rft.au=Horizons+output&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssd.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fhorizons_batch.cgi%3Fbatch%3D1%26COMMAND%3D%25271999%2BF1%2527%26TABLE_TYPE%3D%2527ELEMENTS%2527%26START_TIME%3D%25271950-01-01%2527%26STOP_TIME%3D%25272050-01-01%2527%26STEP_SIZE%3D%2527100%2520years%2527%26CENTER%3D%2527%400%2527%26OUT_UNITS%3D%2527AU-D%2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span> Solution using the Solar System <a href="/wiki/Barycenter" class="mw-redirect" title="Barycenter">Barycenter</a>. Ephemeris Type:Elements and Center:@0 (To be outside planetary region, inbound epoch 1950 and outbound epoch 2050. For epoch 1950-Jan-01 orbit period is "PR= 1.6E+09 / 365.25 days" = ~4.3 million years)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarold_E._LevisonLuke_Dones2007" class="citation book cs1">Harold E. Levison & Luke Dones (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1/page/575">"Cahpter 31: Comet Populations and Cometary dynamics"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of the Solar System</i>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1/page/575">575–588</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ess..book..575L">2007ess..book..575L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-012088589-3%2F50035-9">10.1016/B978-012088589-3/50035-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088589-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088589-3"><bdi>978-0-12-088589-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cahpter+31%3A+Comet+Populations+and+Cometary+dynamics&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Solar+System&rft.pages=575-588&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-012088589-3%2F50035-9&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007ess..book..575L&rft.isbn=978-0-12-088589-3&rft.au=Harold+E.+Levison&rft.au=Luke+Dones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofso0000unse_u6d1%2Fpage%2F575&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ_HornerNW_EvansME_BaileyDJ_Asher2003" class="citation journal cs1">J Horner; NW Evans; ME Bailey; DJ Asher (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2003.06714.x">"The Populations of Comet-like Bodies in the Solar System"</a>. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>343</b> (4): 1057–1066. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0304319">astro-ph/0304319</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MNRAS.343.1057H">2003MNRAS.343.1057H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2003.06714.x">10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06714.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2822011">2822011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=The+Populations+of+Comet-like+Bodies+in+the+Solar+System&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1057-1066&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0304319&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2822011%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2003.06714.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003MNRAS.343.1057H&rft.au=J+Horner&rft.au=NW+Evans&rft.au=ME+Bailey&rft.au=DJ+Asher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1046%252Fj.1365-8711.2003.06714.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuke_DonesPaul_R_WeissmanHarold_F_LevisonMartin_J_Duncan2004" class="citation book cs1">Luke Dones; Paul R Weissman; Harold F Levison; Martin J Duncan (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lpi.usra.edu/books/CometsII/7031.pdf">"Oort Cloud Formation and Dynamics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In Michel C. Festou; H. Uwe Keller; Harold A. Weaver (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/books/bid1580.htm"><i>Comets II</i></a>. University of Arizona Press. pp. 153–173. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824213414/http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/Books/bid1580.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oort+Cloud+Formation+and+Dynamics&rft.btitle=Comets+II&rft.pages=153-173&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Luke+Dones&rft.au=Paul+R+Weissman&rft.au=Harold+F+Levison&rft.au=Martin+J+Duncan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lpi.usra.edu%2Fbooks%2FCometsII%2F7031.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-julio-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-julio_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-julio_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulio_A._Fernández2000" class="citation journal cs1">Julio A. Fernández (2000). "Long-Period Comets and the Oort Cloud". <i><a href="/wiki/Earth,_Moon,_and_Planets" title="Earth, Moon, and Planets">Earth, Moon, and Planets</a></i>. <b>89</b> (1–4): 325–343. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002EM&P...89..325F">2002EM&P...89..325F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1021571108658">10.1023/A:1021571108658</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:189898799">189898799</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Moon%2C+and+Planets&rft.atitle=Long-Period+Comets+and+the+Oort+Cloud&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1%E2%80%934&rft.pages=325-343&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A189898799%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1021571108658&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002EM%26P...89..325F&rft.au=Julio+A.+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oort_Cloud_origin-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oort_Cloud_origin_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLicandrode_la_Fuente_Marcosde_la_Fuente_Marcosde_Leon2019" class="citation journal cs1">Licandro, Javier; de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl; de Leon, Julia; Serra-Ricart, Miquel; Cabrera-Lavers, Antonio (28 May 2019). "Spectroscopic and dynamical properties of comet C/2018 F4, likely a true average former member of the Oort cloud". <i>Astronomy and Astrophysics</i>. <b>625</b>: A133 (6 pages). <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.10838">1903.10838</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019A&A...625A.133L">2019A&A...625A.133L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201834902">10.1051/0004-6361/201834902</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85517040">85517040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+and+dynamical+properties+of+comet+C%2F2018+F4%2C+likely+a+true+average+former+member+of+the+Oort+cloud&rft.volume=625&rft.pages=A133+%286+pages%29&rft.date=2019-05-28&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1903.10838&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85517040%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201834902&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019A%26A...625A.133L&rft.aulast=Licandro&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft.au=de+la+Fuente+Marcos%2C+Carlos&rft.au=de+la+Fuente+Marcos%2C+Ra%C3%BAl&rft.au=de+Leon%2C+Julia&rft.au=Serra-Ricart%2C+Miquel&rft.au=Cabrera-Lavers%2C+Antonio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarc_FouchardChristiane_FroeschléGiovanni_ValsecchiHans_Rickman2006" class="citation journal cs1">Marc Fouchard; Christiane Froeschlé; Giovanni Valsecchi; Hans Rickman (2006). "Long-term effects of the galactic tide on cometary dynamics". <i><a href="/wiki/Celestial_Mechanics_and_Dynamical_Astronomy" title="Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy">Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy</a></i>. <b>95</b> (1–4): 299–326. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006CeMDA..95..299F">2006CeMDA..95..299F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10569-006-9027-8">10.1007/s10569-006-9027-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:123126965">123126965</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Celestial+Mechanics+and+Dynamical+Astronomy&rft.atitle=Long-term+effects+of+the+galactic+tide+on+cometary+dynamics&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=1%E2%80%934&rft.pages=299-326&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A123126965%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10569-006-9027-8&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006CeMDA..95..299F&rft.au=Marc+Fouchard&rft.au=Christiane+Froeschl%C3%A9&rft.au=Giovanni+Valsecchi&rft.au=Hans+Rickman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiguchi_A.Kokubo_E.Mukai,_T.2005" class="citation journal cs1">Higuchi A.; Kokubo E. & Mukai, T. (2005). "Orbital Evolution of Planetesimals by the Galactic Tide". <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_American_Astronomical_Society" title="Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society">Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society</a></i>. <b>37</b>: 521. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005DDA....36.0205H">2005DDA....36.0205H</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=Orbital+Evolution+of+Planetesimals+by+the+Galactic+Tide&rft.volume=37&rft.pages=521&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005DDA....36.0205H&rft.au=Higuchi+A.&rft.au=Kokubo+E.&rft.au=Mukai%2C+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNurmi_P.Valtonen_M.J.Zheng_J.Q.2001" class="citation journal cs1">Nurmi P.; Valtonen M.J.; Zheng J.Q. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2001.04854.x">"Periodic variation of Oort Cloud flux and cometary impacts on the Earth and Jupiter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Monthly_Notices_of_the_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</a></i>. <b>327</b> (4): 1367–1376. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001MNRAS.327.1367N">2001MNRAS.327.1367N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2001.04854.x">10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04854.x</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=Periodic+variation+of+Oort+Cloud+flux+and+cometary+impacts+on+the+Earth+and+Jupiter&rft.volume=327&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1367-1376&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2001.04854.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001MNRAS.327.1367N&rft.au=Nurmi+P.&rft.au=Valtonen+M.J.&rft.au=Zheng+J.Q.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1046%252Fj.1365-8711.2001.04854.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_J._MateseJack_J._Lissauer2004" class="citation journal cs1">John J. Matese & Jack J. Lissauer (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jjm9638/dps2003/I08821w.pdf">"Perihelion evolution of observed new comets implies the dominance of the galactic tide in making Oort Cloud comets discernible"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Icarus_(journal)" title="Icarus (journal)">Icarus</a></i>. <b>170</b> (2): 508–513. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Icar..170..508M">2004Icar..170..508M</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.535.1013">10.1.1.535.1013</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2004.03.019">10.1016/j.icarus.2004.03.019</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309162822/http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jjm9638/dps2003/I08821w.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-03-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Perihelion+evolution+of+observed+new+comets+implies+the+dominance+of+the+galactic+tide+in+making+Oort+Cloud+comets+discernible&rft.volume=170&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=508-513&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.535.1013%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2004.03.019&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004Icar..170..508M&rft.au=John+J.+Matese&rft.au=Jack+J.+Lissauer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucs.louisiana.edu%2F~jjm9638%2Fdps2003%2FI08821w.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMamajekBarenfeldIvanov2015" class="citation journal cs1">Mamajek, Eric E.; Barenfeld, Scott A.; Ivanov, Valentin D. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/55650/1/2041-8205_800_1_L17.pdf">"The Closest Known Flyby of a Star to the Solar System"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Astrophysical_Journal" title="The Astrophysical Journal">The Astrophysical Journal</a></i>. <b>800</b> (1): L17. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.04655">1502.04655</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...800L..17M">2015ApJ...800L..17M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F2041-8205%2F800%2F1%2FL17">10.1088/2041-8205/800/1/L17</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:40618530">40618530</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816112840/http://authors.library.caltech.edu/55650/1/2041-8205_800_1_L17.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-08-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Closest+Known+Flyby+of+a+Star+to+the+Solar+System&rft.volume=800&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=L17&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1502.04655&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A40618530%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F2041-8205%2F800%2F1%2FL17&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015ApJ...800L..17M&rft.aulast=Mamajek&rft.aufirst=Eric+E.&rft.au=Barenfeld%2C+Scott+A.&rft.au=Ivanov%2C+Valentin+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauthors.library.caltech.edu%2F55650%2F1%2F2041-8205_800_1_L17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-algol-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-algol_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-algol_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._A._MolnarR._L._Mutel1997" class="citation conference cs1">L. A. Molnar; R. L. Mutel (1997). <i>Close Approaches of Stars to the Oort Cloud: Algol and Gliese 710</i>. American Astronomical Society 191st meeting. <a href="/wiki/American_Astronomical_Society" title="American Astronomical Society">American Astronomical Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997AAS...191.6906M">1997AAS...191.6906M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Close+Approaches+of+Stars+to+the+Oort+Cloud%3A+Algol+and+Gliese+710&rft.pub=American+Astronomical+Society&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997AAS...191.6906M&rft.au=L.+A.+Molnar&rft.au=R.+L.+Mutel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._HiguchiE._KokuboT._Mukai2006" class="citation journal cs1">A. Higuchi; E. Kokubo & T. Mukai (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/896851">"Scattering of Planetesimals by a Planet: Formation of Comet Cloud Candidates"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical Journal">Astronomical Journal</a></i>. <b>131</b> (2): 1119–1129. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....131.1119H">2006AJ....131.1119H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F498892">10.1086/498892</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001163305/https://zenodo.org/record/896851">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.atitle=Scattering+of+Planetesimals+by+a+Planet%3A+Formation+of+Comet+Cloud+Candidates&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1119-1129&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F498892&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006AJ....131.1119H&rft.au=A.+Higuchi&rft.au=E.+Kokubo&rft.au=T.+Mukai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F896851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._G._Hills1984" class="citation journal cs1">J. G. Hills (1984). "Dynamical constraints on the mass and perihelion distance of Nemesis and the stability of its orbit". <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <b>311</b> (5987): 636–638. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984Natur.311..636H">1984Natur.311..636H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F311636a0">10.1038/311636a0</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4237439">4237439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Dynamical+constraints+on+the+mass+and+perihelion+distance+of+Nemesis+and+the+stability+of+its+orbit&rft.volume=311&rft.issue=5987&rft.pages=636-638&rft.date=1984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4237439%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F311636a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984Natur.311..636H&rft.au=J.+G.+Hills&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/4372308/nemsis_myth?page=1">"Nemesis is a myth"</a>. Max Planck Institute. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105170009/http://www.mpg.de/4372308/nemsis_myth?page=1">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-11-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nemesis+is+a+myth&rft.pub=Max+Planck+Institute&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mpg.de%2F4372308%2Fnemsis_myth%3Fpage%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tyche2011-060-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tyche2011-060_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=2921">"Can WISE Find the Hypothetical 'Tyche'?"</a>. NASA/JPL. February 18, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201205102115/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=2921">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-12-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Can+WISE+Find+the+Hypothetical+%27Tyche%27%3F&rft.pub=NASA%2FJPL&rft.date=2011-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fnews%2Fnews.php%3Ffeature%3D2921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_J._MateseJack_J._Lissauer2002" class="citation conference cs1">John J. Matese & Jack J. Lissauer (2002-05-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jjm9638/acm2002/acm2002_05_06.pdf">"Continuing Evidence of an Impulsive Component of Oort Cloud Cometary Flux"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of Asteroids, Comets, Meteors - ACM 2002. International Conference, 29 July - 2 August 2002, Berlin, Germany</i>. <i>Asteroids</i>. Vol. 500. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisiana_at_Lafayette" title="University of Louisiana at Lafayette">University of Louisiana at Lafayette</a>, and <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/Ames_Research_Center" title="Ames Research Center">Ames Research Center</a>. pp. 309–314. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002ESASP.500..309M">2002ESASP.500..309M</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121021071740/http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~jjm9638/acm2002/acm2002_05_06.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2012-10-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Asteroids&rft.atitle=Proceedings+of+Asteroids%2C+Comets%2C+Meteors+-+ACM+2002.+International+Conference%2C+29+July+-+2+August+2002%2C+Berlin%2C+Germany&rft.volume=500&rft.pages=309-314&rft.date=2002-05-06&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002ESASP.500..309M&rft.au=John+J.+Matese&rft.au=Jack+J.+Lissauer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucs.louisiana.edu%2F~jjm9638%2Facm2002%2Facm2002_05_06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-20140307-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20140307_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK._L.2014" class="citation journal cs1">K. L., Luhman (7 March 2014). "A Search For A Distant Companion To The Sun With The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Astrophysical_Journal" title="The Astrophysical Journal">The Astrophysical Journal</a></i>. <b>781</b> (1): 4. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ApJ...781....4L">2014ApJ...781....4L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F781%2F1%2F4">10.1088/0004-637X/781/1/4</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:122930471">122930471</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Search+For+A+Distant+Companion+To+The+Sun+With+The+Wide-field+Infrared+Survey+Explorer&rft.volume=781&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=4&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A122930471%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F781%2F1%2F4&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014ApJ...781....4L&rft.aulast=K.+L.&rft.aufirst=Luhman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Horizons2006-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-New_Horizons2006_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113224847/http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/news_center/news/081706.php">"New Horizons Salutes Voyager"</a>. New Horizons. August 17, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/news_center/news/081706.php">the original</a> on November 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2009</span>. <q>Voyager 1 is escaping the solar system at 17 kilometers per second.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Horizons+Salutes+Voyager&rft.pub=New+Horizons&rft.date=2006-08-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpluto.jhuapl.edu%2Fnews_center%2Fnews%2F081706.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-g.2013sep13-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-g.2013sep13_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2013" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Stuart (September 13, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2013/sep/13/voyager-1-solar-system-great-explorers">"Voyager 1 leaving solar system matches feats of great human explorers"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190624105328/https://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2013/sep/13/voyager-1-solar-system-great-explorers">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Voyager+1+leaving+solar+system+matches+feats+of+great+human+explorers&rft.date=2013-09-13&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2Facross-the-universe%2F2013%2Fsep%2F13%2Fvoyager-1-solar-system-great-explorers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Voyagers20years.html">"Voyagers are leaving the Solar System"</a>. <i>Space Today</i>. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042631/http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Voyagers20years.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space+Today&rft.atitle=Voyagers+are+leaving+the+Solar+System&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacetoday.org%2FSolSys%2FVoyagers20years.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ut.104717-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ut.104717_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.universetoday.com/104717/its-official-voyager-1-is-now-in-interstellar-space/">"It's Official: Voyager 1 Is Now In Interstellar Space"</a>. <i>UniverseToday</i>. 2013-09-12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210113080405/https://www.universetoday.com/104717/its-official-voyager-1-is-now-in-interstellar-space/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UniverseToday&rft.atitle=It%27s+Official%3A+Voyager+1+Is+Now+In+Interstellar+Space&rft.date=2013-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.universetoday.com%2F104717%2Fits-official-voyager-1-is-now-in-interstellar-space%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ghose2013-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ghose2013_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhose2013" class="citation web cs1">Ghose, Tia (September 13, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/22797-voyager-1-interstellar-space-nasa-proof.html">"Voyager 1 Really Is In Interstellar Space: How NASA Knows"</a>. <i>Space.com</i>. TechMedia Network. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202034615/https://www.space.com/22797-voyager-1-interstellar-space-nasa-proof.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=Voyager+1+Really+Is+In+Interstellar+Space%3A+How+NASA+Knows&rft.date=2013-09-13&rft.aulast=Ghose&rft.aufirst=Tia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F22797-voyager-1-interstellar-space-nasa-proof.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-How_We_Know-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-How_We_Know_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2013" class="citation web cs1">Cook, J.-R (September 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-278">"How Do We Know When Voyager Reaches Interstellar Space?"</a>. NASA / Jet Propulsion Lab. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130915060510/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-278">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Do+We+Know+When+Voyager+Reaches+Interstellar+Space%3F&rft.pub=NASA+%2F+Jet+Propulsion+Lab&rft.date=2013-09-12&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=J.-R&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fnews%2Fnews.php%3Frelease%3D2013-278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarling" class="citation web cs1">Darling, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/T/TAU.html">"TAU (Thousand Astronomical Unit) mission"</a>. <i>www.daviddarling.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171207013830/http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/T/TAU.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.daviddarling.info&rft.atitle=TAU+%28Thousand+Astronomical+Unit%29+mission&rft.aulast=Darling&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.daviddarling.info%2Fencyclopedia%2FT%2FTAU.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whipple.cfa.harvard.edu_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_AlcockMichael_BrownTom_GauronCate_Heneghan" class="citation web cs1">Charles Alcock; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117031224/http://whipple.cfa.harvard.edu/inc/documents/Alcock_AGUPoster_2014dec.pdf">"The Whipple Mission: Exploring the Oort Cloud and the Kuiper Belt"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whipple.cfa.harvard.edu/inc/documents/Alcock_AGUPoster_2014dec.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-11-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Whipple+Mission%3A+Exploring+the+Oort+Cloud+and+the+Kuiper+Belt&rft.au=Charles+Alcock&rft.au=Michael+Brown&rft.au=Tom+Gauron&rft.au=Cate+Heneghan&rft.au=Matthew+Holman&rft.au=Almus+Kenter&rft.au=Ralph+Kraft&rft.au=Roger+Lee&rft.au=John+Livingston&rft.au=James+Mcguire&rft.au=Stephen+Murray&rft.au=Ruth+Murray-Clay&rft.au=Paul+Nulsen&rft.au=Matthew+Payne&rft.au=Hilke+Schlichting&rft.au=Amy+Trangsrud&rft.au=Jan+Vrtilek&rft.au=Michael+Werner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhipple.cfa.harvard.edu%2Finc%2Fdocuments%2FAlcock_AGUPoster_2014dec.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/kepler-oort-cloud/">"Scientific American – Kepler Spacecraft May Be Able to Spot Elusive Oort Cloud Objects – 2010"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218110849/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/kepler-oort-cloud/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-12-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=Scientific+American+%E2%80%93+Kepler+Spacecraft+May+Be+Able+to+Spot+Elusive+Oort+Cloud+Objects+%E2%80%93+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fkepler-oort-cloud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oort cloud's outer limit is difficult to define as it varies over the <a href="/wiki/Millennia" class="mw-redirect" title="Millennia">millennia</a> as <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs#Distant_future_and_past_encounters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">different stars pass the Sun</a> and thus is subject to variation. Estimates of its distance range from 50,000 to 200,000 au.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.5em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-listen-to{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-files{text-align:center;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-icon{float:left;margin-left:5px;margin-top:10px}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer{margin-left:60px;margin-top:10px;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-footer{margin-top:10px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{width:20em;float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="spoken-wikipedia noprint haudio"><div class="spoken-wikipedia-header"><span class="spoken-wikipedia-listen-to">Listen to this article</span> (<span class="duration"><span class="min">21</span> minutes</span>)</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-files"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" style="width:200px;" data-durationhint="1259" data-mwtitle="Oort_Cloud.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Oort_Cloud.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/Oort_Cloud.ogg/Oort_Cloud.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spoken Wikipedia"><img alt="Spoken Wikipedia icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/68px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/90px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></span></span></div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:Oort_Cloud.ogg" title="File:Oort Cloud.ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 2 April 2012<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2012-04-02</span>)</span>, and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oort_cloud" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=KBOs">Oort Cloud Profile</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151110001858/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=KBOs">Archived</a> 2015-11-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/">NASA's Solar System Exploration</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnett2007" class="citation web cs1">Arnett, Bill (March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nineplanets.org/kboc.html">"The Kuiper Belt and The Oort Cloud"</a>. <i>Nine Planets</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nine+Planets&rft.atitle=The+Kuiper+Belt+and+The+Oort+Cloud&rft.date=2007-03&rft.aulast=Arnett&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nineplanets.org%2Fkboc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthews1994" class="citation journal cs1">Matthews, R. A. J. (1994). "The close approach of stars in the solar neighbourhood". <i>Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>35</b>: 1. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994QJRAS..35....1M">1994QJRAS..35....1M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Journal+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=The+close+approach+of+stars+in+the+solar+neighbourhood&rft.volume=35&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994QJRAS..35....1M&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=R.+A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrasserSchwamb2015" class="citation journal cs1">Brasser, R.; Schwamb, M. E. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstu2374">"Re-assessing the formation of the inner Oort cloud in an embedded star cluster - II. Probing the inner edge"</a>. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>446</b> (4): 3788. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1844">1411.1844</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015MNRAS.446.3788B">2015MNRAS.446.3788B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstu2374">10.1093/mnras/stu2374</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17001564">17001564</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=Re-assessing+the+formation+of+the+inner+Oort+cloud+in+an+embedded+star+cluster+-+II.+Probing+the+inner+edge&rft.volume=446&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=3788&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1411.1844&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A17001564%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstu2374&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015MNRAS.446.3788B&rft.aulast=Brasser&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Schwamb%2C+M.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fmnras%252Fstu2374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOort+cloud" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Solar_System" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System" title="Template:Solar System"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Solar_System" title="Template talk:Solar System"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solar_System" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solar System"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solar_System" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="The Sun, the planets, their moons, and several trans-Neptunian objects" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Solar_System_Template_2.png" decoding="async" width="666" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_95c11910eb0c3136" /></span><map name="ImageMap_95c11910eb0c3136"><area href="/wiki/Sun" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="The Sun" title="The Sun" /><area href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="Mercury" title="Mercury" /><area href="/wiki/Venus" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="Venus" title="Venus" /><area href="/wiki/Moon" shape="circle" coords="204,10,4" alt="The Moon" title="The Moon" /><area href="/wiki/Earth" shape="circle" coords="195,18,8" alt="Earth" title="Earth" /><area href="/wiki/Mars" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="Mars" title="Mars" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" shape="circle" coords="241,13,3" alt="Phobos and Deimos" title="Phobos and Deimos" /><area href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" shape="circle" coords="271,18,5" alt="Ceres" title="Ceres" /><area href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="The main asteroid belt" title="The main asteroid belt" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="316,19,15" alt="Jupiter" title="Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="329,6,6" alt="Moons of Jupiter" title="Moons of Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Jupiter" shape="rect" coords="298,18,335,20" alt="Rings of Jupiter" title="Rings of Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Saturn" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="Saturn" title="Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="Moons of Saturn" title="Moons of Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" shape="rect" coords="353,5,389,31" alt="Rings of Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Uranus" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="Uranus" title="Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="Moons of Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Uranus" shape="rect" coords="408,4,429,34" alt="Rings of Uranus" title="Rings of Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Neptune" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="Neptune" title="Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" shape="circle" coords="471,10,5" alt="Moons of Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" shape="rect" coords="441,9,485,28" alt="Rings of Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Pluto" shape="circle" coords="504,18,12" alt="Pluto" title="Pluto" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" shape="circle" coords="510,13,8" alt="Moons of Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto" /><area href="/wiki/Haumea" shape="circle" coords="534,18,12" alt="Haumea" title="Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Haumea" shape="circle" coords="540,13,8" alt="Moons of Haumea" title="Moons of Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Makemake" shape="circle" coords="567,18,12" alt="Makemake" title="Makemake" /><area href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" shape="circle" coords="571,13,8" alt="S/2015 (136472) 1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1" /><area href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="The Kuiper Belt" title="The Kuiper Belt" /><area href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" shape="circle" coords="596,18,12" alt="Eris" title="Eris" /><area href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" shape="circle" coords="602,13,8" alt="Dysnomia" title="Dysnomia" /><area href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="The Scattered Disc" title="The Scattered Disc" /><area href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" shape="rect" coords="623,0,640,35" alt="The Hills Cloud" title="The Hills Cloud" /><area href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="The Oort Cloud" title="The Oort Cloud" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planets,dwarfs" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planets</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_planet" title="Terrestrial planet">Terrestrials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_planet" title="Giant planet">Giants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">Gas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_giant" title="Ice giant">Ice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">Dwarfs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">Moons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Earth <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claimed_moons_of_Earth" title="Claimed moons of Earth">other near-Earth objects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" title="Moons of Mars">Mars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" title="Phobos (moon)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(moon)" title="Deimos (moon)">Deimos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter" title="Moons of Jupiter">Jupiter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)" title="Ganymede (moon)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" title="Callisto (moon)">Callisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(moon)" title="Io (moon)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(moon)" title="Europa (moon)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter#List" title="Moons of Jupiter">all 95</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn" title="Moons of Saturn">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(moon)" title="Rhea (moon)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus_(moon)" title="Iapetus (moon)">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(moon)" title="Dione (moon)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(moon)" title="Tethys (moon)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enceladus" title="Enceladus">Enceladus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimas" title="Mimas">Mimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" title="Hyperion (moon)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(moon)" title="Phoebe (moon)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn#List" title="Moons of Saturn">all 146</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus">Uranus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titania_(moon)" title="Titania (moon)">Titania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon_(moon)" title="Oberon (moon)">Oberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbriel" title="Umbriel">Umbriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" title="Ariel (moon)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_(moon)" title="Miranda (moon)">Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus#List" title="Moons of Uranus">all 28</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune">Neptune</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus_(moon)" title="Proteus (moon)">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid_(moon)" title="Nereid (moon)">Nereid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune#List" title="Moons of Neptune">all 16</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanth_(moon)" title="Vanth (moon)">Vanth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto">Pluto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon_(moon)" title="Charon (moon)">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nix_(moon)" title="Nix (moon)">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(moon)" title="Hydra (moon)">Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerberos_(moon)" title="Kerberos (moon)">Kerberos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx_(moon)" title="Styx (moon)">Styx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Haumea" title="Moons of Haumea">Haumea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hi%CA%BBiaka_(moon)" title="Hiʻiaka (moon)">Hiʻiaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaka_(moon)" title="Namaka (moon)">Namaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weywot" title="Weywot">Weywot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">S/2015 (136472) 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangliu_(moon)" title="Xiangliu (moon)">Xiangliu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" title="Dysnomia (moon)">Dysnomia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ring_system" title="Ring system">Rings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Earth" title="Rings of Earth">Earth</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Jupiter" title="Rings of Jupiter">Jovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn">Saturnian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Rhea" title="Rings of Rhea">Rhean</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Chariklo" title="Rings of Chariklo">Charikloan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2060_Chiron#Rings" title="2060 Chiron">Chironean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Uranus" title="Rings of Uranus">Uranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune">Neptunian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea#Ring" title="Haumea">Haumean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar#Rings" title="Quaoar">Quaoarian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">Small<br />Solar<br />System<br />bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocloid" title="Damocloid">Damocloids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">Minor planets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meanings_of_minor-planet_names" title="Meanings of minor-planet names">names and meanings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_moon" title="Minor-planet moon">moons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">Planetesimal</a></li> <li>Planetary orbit-crossing minor planets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mercury-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Mercury-crossing minor planets">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Venus-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Venus-crossing minor planets">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Earth-crossing_asteroids" title="List of Earth-crossing asteroids">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mars-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Mars-crossing minor planets">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Jupiter-crossing minor planets">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Saturn-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Saturn-crossing minor planets">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Uranus-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Uranus-crossing minor planets">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neptune-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Neptune-crossing minor planets">Neptune</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_(celestial_body)" title="Trojan (celestial body)">Trojans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_ND15" title="2013 ND15">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_trojan" title="Earth trojan">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_trojan" title="Mars trojan">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_trojan" title="Jupiter trojan">Jupiter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter_trojans_(Trojan_camp)" title="List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp)">Trojan camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter_trojans_(Greek_camp)" title="List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp)">Greek camp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-orbital_configuration#Trojan_moons" title="Co-orbital configuration">Saturn Moons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_trojans" title="Uranus trojans">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">Asteroid belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygiea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_asteroid" title="Active asteroid">active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets:_1%E2%80%931000" title="List of minor planets: 1–1000">first 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_family" title="Asteroid family">families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">PHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exceptional_asteroids" title="List of exceptional asteroids">exceptional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwood_gap" title="Kirkwood gap">Kirkwood gap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune trojans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">Trans-Neptunian objects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Kuiper_belt_object" title="Classical Kuiper belt object">Cubewanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">Plutinos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">Sednoids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oort cloud</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hypothetical_Solar_System_objects" title="List of hypothetical Solar System objects">Hypothetical <br />objects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five-planet_Nice_model" title="Five-planet Nice model">Fifth giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Phaeton (hypothetical planet)">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_V" title="Planet V">Planet V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planets_beyond_Neptune#Planet_X" title="Planets beyond Neptune">Planet X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsatellite" title="Subsatellite">Subsatellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(planet)" title="Theia (planet)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Tyche (hypothetical planet)">Tyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Vulcan (hypothetical planet)">Vulcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcanoid" title="Vulcanoid">Vulcanoids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">Exploration</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_space_exploration" title="Outline of space exploration">outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_and_exploration_of_the_Solar_System" title="Discovery and exploration of the Solar System">Discovery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_models_of_the_Solar_System" title="Historical models of the Solar System">historical models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_discovery_of_Solar_System_planets_and_their_moons" title="Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">Space probes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration" title="Timeline of Solar System exploration">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_probes" title="List of Solar System probes">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crewed_spacecraft" title="List of crewed spacecraft">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight_programs" title="Human spaceflight programs">programs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Mercury" title="Exploration of Mercury">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observations_and_explorations_of_Venus" title="Observations and explorations of Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">Moon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_resources" title="Lunar resources">mining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Mars" title="Exploration of Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)#Exploration" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid#Exploration" title="Asteroid">Asteroids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_mining" title="Asteroid mining">mining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_comets" title="List of missions to comets">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Jupiter" title="Exploration of Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Saturn" title="Exploration of Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Uranus" title="Exploration of Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Neptune" title="Exploration of Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Pluto" title="Exploration of Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_space_exploration" title="Deep space exploration">Deep space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">Formation,<br />evolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">Star formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_(astrophysics)" title="Accretion (astrophysics)">Accretion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_disk" title="Accretion disk">Accretion disk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_disk#Excretion_disk" title="Accretion disk">Excretion disk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumplanetary_disk" title="Circumplanetary disk">Circumplanetary disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_disc" title="Circumstellar disc">Circumstellar disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_envelope" title="Circumstellar envelope">Circumstellar envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatlicue_(star)" title="Coatlicue (star)">Coatlicue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debris_disk" title="Debris disk">Debris disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exoplanetary_Circumstellar_Environments_and_Disk_Explorer" title="Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer">EXCEDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exozodiacal_dust" title="Exozodiacal dust">Exozodiacal dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_materials" title="Extraterrestrial materials">Extraterrestrial materials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_sample_curation" title="Extraterrestrial sample curation">Sample curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sample-return_mission" title="Sample-return mission">Sample-return mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">Frost/Ice/Snow line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant-impact_hypothesis" title="Giant-impact hypothesis">Giant-impact hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_collapse" title="Gravitational collapse">Gravitational collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">Hill sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">Interplanetary dust cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_medium" title="Interplanetary medium">Interplanetary medium/space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_cloud" title="Interstellar cloud">Interstellar cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">Interstellar medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Interstellar_space" title="Outer space">Interstellar space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper cliff">Kuiper cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">Molecular cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebular_hypothesis" title="Nebular hypothesis">Nebular hypothesis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oort cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">Outer space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disrupted_planet" title="Disrupted planet">Disrupted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_migration" title="Planetary migration">Migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">Planetesimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebular_hypothesis#Formation_of_planets" title="Nebular hypothesis">Formation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_collision#Formation_of_planets" title="Stellar collision">Merging stars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">Protoplanetary disk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_system" title="Ring system">Ring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roche_limit" title="Roche limit">Roche limit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roche_limit#Roche_limit,_Hill_sphere_and_radius_of_the_planet" title="Roche limit">vs. Hill sphere</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubble_pile" title="Rubble pile">Rubble pile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_comets" title="Lists of comets">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_dwarf_planets" title="List of possible dwarf planets">Possible dwarf planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gravitationally_rounded_objects_of_the_Solar_System" title="List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System">Gravitationally rounded objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets" title="List of minor planets">Minor planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_satellites" title="List of natural satellites">Natural satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_System_model" title="Solar System model">Solar System models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects" title="List of Solar System objects">Solar System objects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects_by_size" title="List of Solar System objects by size">by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_discovery_of_Solar_System_planets_and_their_moons" title="Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons">by discovery date</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Interstellar and circumstellar molecules</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_planet" title="Double planet">Double planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlet" title="Moonlet">Moonlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syzygy_(astronomy)" title="Syzygy (astronomy)">Syzygy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_locking" title="Tidal locking">Tidal locking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;padding:0.4em;line-height:1.25em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Solar_System" title="Outline of the Solar System">Outline of the Solar System</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/22px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/34px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/45px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/28px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/42px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/56px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/28px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/42px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/56px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2776" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Earth_sciences" title="Portal:Earth sciences">Earth sciences portal</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Local_Bubble" title="Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Gould_Belt" title="Gould Belt">Gould Belt</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Orion_Arm" title="Orion Arm">Orion Arm</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Satellite_galaxies_of_the_Milky_Way" title="Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way">Milky Way subgroup</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Local_Group" title="Local Group">Local Group</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Local_Sheet" title="Local Sheet">Local Sheet</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Virgo_Supercluster" title="Virgo Supercluster">Virgo Supercluster</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Laniakea_Supercluster" title="Laniakea Supercluster">Laniakea Supercluster</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Local_Hole" title="Local Hole">Local Hole</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">Observable universe</a> <span style="font-size:120%">→</span> <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Each arrow (<span style="font-size:120%">→</span>) may be read as "within" or "part of".</span> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Small_Solar_System_bodies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Small_Solar_System_bodies" title="Template:Small Solar System bodies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Small_Solar_System_bodies" title="Template talk:Small Solar System bodies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Small_Solar_System_bodies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Small Solar System bodies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Small_Solar_System_bodies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">Small Solar System bodies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">Minor planets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_designation" title="Minor-planet designation">Designation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor-planet_groups" title="List of minor-planet groups">Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets" title="List of minor planets">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_moon" title="Minor-planet moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meanings_of_minor-planet_names" title="Meanings of minor-planet names">Meanings of names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_asteroid" title="Active asteroid">Active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten_asteroid" title="Aten asteroid">Aten asteroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">Asteroid belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_family" title="Asteroid family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_trojan" title="Jupiter trojan">Jupiter trojan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_spectral_types" title="Asteroid spectral types">Spectral types</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Distant_minor_planet" title="Distant minor planet">Distant minor planet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune trojan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocloid" title="Damocloid">Damocloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">Trans-Neptunian object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oort cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extinct_comet" title="Extinct comet">Extinct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_comet" title="Great comet">Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Halley-type_comets" title="List of Halley-type comets">Halley-type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hyperbolic_comets" title="List of hyperbolic comets">Hyperbolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_long-period_comets" title="List of long-period comets">Long-period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_comet" title="Lost comet">Lost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_near-parabolic_comets" title="List of near-parabolic comets">Near-parabolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_periodic_comets" title="List of periodic comets">Periodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungrazing_comet" title="Sungrazing comet">Sungrazing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_debris" title="Space debris">Space debris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dwarf_planets" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dwarf_planets" title="Template:Dwarf planets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dwarf_planets" title="Template talk:Dwarf planets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dwarf_planets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dwarf planets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dwarf_planets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">Dwarf planets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_dwarf_planets" title="List of possible dwarf planets">List of possible dwarf planets</a></li> <li>Former dwarf planets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(moon)" title="Phoebe (moon)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoplanet" title="Mesoplanet">Mesoplanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planemo" class="mw-redirect" title="Planemo">Planemo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Consensus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Ceres" title="Geology of Ceres">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)#Atmosphere" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Atmosphere</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanth_(moon)" title="Vanth (moon)">Moon</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Pluto" title="Geology of Pluto">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Pluto" title="Atmosphere of Pluto">Atmosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto">Moons</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Haumea" title="Moons of Haumea">Moons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea#Ring" title="Haumea">Ring</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">Moon</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weywot" title="Weywot">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar#Rings" title="Quaoar">Rings</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" title="Dysnomia (moon)">Moon</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangliu_(moon)" title="Xiangliu (moon)">Moon</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></b></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_(22381131691)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/110px-Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/165px-Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_%2822381131691%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="836" /></a></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg/110px-Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg/165px-Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg/220px-Pluto_in_True_Color_-_High-Res.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="8000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Candidate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygiea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/704_Interamnia" title="704 Interamnia">Interamnia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">Centaurs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10199_Chariklo" title="10199 Chariklo">Chariklo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2060_Chiron" title="2060 Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5145_Pholus" title="5145 Pholus">Pholus</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(44594)_1999_OX3" title="(44594) 1999 OX3">1999 OX<sub>3</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(501214)_2013_TC146" class="mw-redirect" title="(501214) 2013 TC146">2013 TC<sub>146</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523727)_2014_NW65" title="(523727) 2014 NW65">2014 NW<sub>65</sub></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">Plutinos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/38628_Huya" title="38628 Huya">Huya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28978_Ixion" title="28978 Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(469372)_2001_QF298" title="(469372) 2001 QF298">2001 QF<sub>298</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(84719)_2002_VR128" title="(84719) 2002 VR128">2002 VR<sub>128</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(612533)_2002_XV93" title="(612533) 2002 XV93">2002 XV<sub>93</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(208996)_2003_AZ84" title="(208996) 2003 AZ84">2003 AZ<sub>84</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(455502)_2003_UZ413" title="(455502) 2003 UZ413">2003 UZ<sub>413</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(84922)_2003_VS2" title="(84922) 2003 VS2">2003 VS<sub>2</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(470308)_2007_JH43" title="(470308) 2007 JH43">2007 JH<sub>43</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_OF69" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 OF69">2017 OF<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">69</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Resonant_trans-Neptunian_object#1:2_resonance_("twotinos",_period_~330_years)" title="Resonant trans-Neptunian object">Twotinos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(119979)_2002_WC19" title="(119979) 2002 WC19">2002 WC<sub>19</sub></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classical_Kuiper_belt_object" title="Classical Kuiper belt object">Cubewanos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19521_Chaos" title="19521 Chaos">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/120347_Salacia" title="120347 Salacia">Salacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/174567_Varda" title="174567 Varda">Varda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20000_Varuna" title="20000 Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(35671)_1998_SN165" title="(35671) 1998 SN165">1998 SN<sub>165</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(55565)_2002_AW197" title="(55565) 2002 AW197">2002 AW<sub>197</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_CY248" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 CY248">2002 CY<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">248</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(119951)_2002_KX14" title="(119951) 2002 KX14">2002 KX<sub>14</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(307261)_2002_MS4" title="(307261) 2002 MS4">2002 MS<sub>4</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(55637)_2002_UX25" title="(55637) 2002 UX25">2002 UX<sub>25</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(307616)_2003_QW90" class="mw-redirect" title="(307616) 2003 QW90">2003 QW<sub>90</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(90568)_2004_GV9" title="(90568) 2004 GV9">2004 GV<sub>9</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(444030)_2004_NT33" title="(444030) 2004 NT33">2004 NT<sub>33</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(175113)_2004_PF115" title="(175113) 2004 PF115">2004 PF<sub>115</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(120348)_2004_TY364" title="(120348) 2004 TY364">2004 TY<sub>364</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(144897)_2004_UX10" title="(144897) 2004 UX10">2004 UX<sub>10</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(145452)_2005_RN43" title="(145452) 2005 RN43">2005 RN<sub>43</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(202421)_2005_UQ513" title="(202421) 2005 UQ513">2005 UQ<sub>513</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_FX86" title="2010 FX86">2010 FX<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">86</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other KBOs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(469306)_1999_CD158" title="(469306) 1999 CD158">1999 CD<sub>158</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(26375)_1999_DE9" title="(26375) 1999 DE9">1999 DE<sub>9</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(82075)_2000_YW134" title="(82075) 2000 YW134">2000 YW<sub>134</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(78799)_2002_XW93" title="(78799) 2002 XW93">2002 XW<sub>93</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(574372)_2010_JO179" title="(574372) 2010 JO179">2010 JO<sub>179</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523645)_2010_VK201" title="(523645) 2010 VK201">2010 VK<sub>201</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_FW62" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 FW62">2011 FW<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">62</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(471288)_2011_GM27" title="(471288) 2011 GM27">2011 GM<sub>27</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523671)_2013_FZ27" title="(523671) 2013 FZ27">2013 FZ<sub>27</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(472271)_2014_UM33" title="(472271) 2014 UM33">2014 UM<sub>33</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(495603)_2015_AM281" title="(495603) 2015 AM281">2015 AM<sub>281</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523794)_2015_RR245" title="(523794) 2015 RR245">2015 RR<sub>245</sub></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc<br />objects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/229762_G%C7%83k%C3%BAn%C7%81%CA%BCh%C3%B2md%C3%ADm%C3%A0" title="229762 Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà">Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/471143_Dziewanna" title="471143 Dziewanna">Dziewanna</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(26181)_1996_GQ21" class="mw-redirect" title="(26181) 1996 GQ21">1996 GQ<sub>21</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(15874)_1996_TL66" title="(15874) 1996 TL66">1996 TL<sub>66</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(42301)_2001_UR163" title="(42301) 2001 UR163">2001 UR<sub>163</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(84522)_2002_TC302" title="(84522) 2002 TC302">2002 TC<sub>302</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(230965)_2004_XA192" title="(230965) 2004 XA192">2004 XA<sub>192</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(303775)_2005_QU182" title="(303775) 2005 QU182">2005 QU<sub>182</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(145451)_2005_RM43" title="(145451) 2005 RM43">2005 RM<sub>43</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_QH181" title="2006 QH181">2006 QH<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">181</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(470599)_2008_OG19" title="(470599) 2008 OG19">2008 OG<sub>19</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_KZ39" title="2010 KZ39">2010 KZ<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">39</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523639)_2010_RE64" title="(523639) 2010 RE64">2010 RE<sub>64</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(589683)_2010_RF43" title="(589683) 2010 RF43">2010 RF<sub>43</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_JO179" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 JO179">2010 JO<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">179</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_TJ" title="2010 TJ">2010 TJ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(445473)_2010_VZ98" title="(445473) 2010 VZ98">2010 VZ<sub>98</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(532037)_2013_FY27" title="(532037) 2013 FY27">2013 FY<sub>27</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(543354)_2014_AN55" title="(543354) 2014 AN55">2014 AN<sub>55</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523692)_2014_EZ51" title="(523692) 2014 EZ51">2014 EZ<sub>51</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_UZ224" title="2014 UZ224">2014 UZ<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">224</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(523759)_2014_WK509" title="(523759) 2014 WK509">2014 WK<sub>509</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_KH162" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 KH162">2015 KH<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">162</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_RR245" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 RR245">2015 RR<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">245</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_FO161" title="2017 FO161">2017 FO<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">161</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_AG37" title="2018 AG37">2018 AG<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">37</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_VG18" title="2018 VG18">2018 VG<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">18</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_DR15" title="2021 DR15">2021 DR<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">15</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_LL37" title="2021 LL37">2021 LL<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">37</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached objects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(120132)_2003_FY128" title="(120132) 2003 FY128">2003 FY<sub>128</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(612584)_2003_QX113" title="(612584) 2003 QX113">2003 QX<sub>113</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(612911)_2004_XR190" title="(612911) 2004 XR190">2004 XR<sub>190</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(145480)_2005_TB190" title="(145480) 2005 TB190">2005 TB<sub>190</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(278361)_2007_JJ43" title="(278361) 2007 JJ43">2007 JJ<sub>43</sub></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(528381)_2008_ST291" title="(528381) 2008 ST291">2008 ST<sub>291</sub></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">Sednoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_VP113" title="2012 VP113">2012 VP<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">113</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dwarf_planets" title="Category:Dwarf planets">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Comets" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Comets" title="Template:Comets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Comets" title="Template talk:Comets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Comets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Comets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Comets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comet_nucleus" title="Comet nucleus">Nucleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coma_(cometary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coma (cometary)">Coma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_tail" title="Comet tail">Tails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antitail" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitail">Antitail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_dust" title="Comet dust">Comet dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor_shower" title="Meteor shower">Meteor shower</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyakutake_Color.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Comet C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake)"><img alt="Comet C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hyakutake_Color.jpg/100px-Hyakutake_Color.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hyakutake_Color.jpg/150px-Hyakutake_Color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hyakutake_Color.jpg/200px-Hyakutake_Color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_(32755885495).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png/100px-67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png/150px-67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png/200px-67P_Churyumov-Gerasimenko_-_Rosetta_%2832755885495%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Comet#Orbital_characteristics" title="Comet">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_periodic_comets" title="List of periodic comets">Periodic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_comets" title="List of numbered comets">Numbered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_comet" title="Lost comet">Lost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_long-period_comets" title="List of long-period comets">Long period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Halley-type_comets" title="List of Halley-type comets">Halley-type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter-family_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter-family comet">Jupiter-family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Encke-type_comets" title="Category:Encke-type comets">Encke-type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_asteroid" title="Active asteroid">Main-belt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_non-periodic_comets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of non-periodic comets">Non-periodic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_near-parabolic_comets" title="List of near-parabolic comets">Near-parabolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hyperbolic_comets" title="List of hyperbolic comets">Hyperbolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comets_with_no_meaningful_orbit" title="List of comets with no meaningful orbit">Unknown-orbit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_comet" title="Great comet">Great Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungrazing_comet" title="Sungrazing comet">Sungrazing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kreutz_sungrazer" title="Kreutz sungrazer">Kreutz</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinct_comet" title="Extinct comet">Extinct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exocomet" title="Exocomet">Exocomet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_object" title="Interstellar object">Interstellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naming_of_comets" title="Naming of comets">Naming of comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observational_history_of_comets" title="Observational history of comets">Observational history of comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)#Similarities_to_comets" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Discoverers_of_comets" title="Category:Discoverers of comets">Comet discoverers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comets_discovered_by_the_LINEAR_project" title="List of comets discovered by the LINEAR project">LINEAR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_atmosphere" title="Extraterrestrial atmosphere">Extraterrestrial atmosphere</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oort cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">Small Solar System body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Exploration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_comets" title="List of missions to comets">List of missions to comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comets_visited_by_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="List of comets visited by spacecraft">List of comets visited by spacecraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Latest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2024_S1_(ATLAS)" title="C/2024 S1 (ATLAS)">C/2024 S1 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_P1_(Nishimura)" title="C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)">C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_H2_(Lemmon)" title="C/2023 H2 (Lemmon)">C/2023 H2 (Lemmon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_E1_(ATLAS)" title="C/2023 E1 (ATLAS)">C/2023 E1 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_A3_(Tsuchinshan%E2%80%93ATLAS)" title="C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)">C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2022_E3_(ZTF)" title="C/2022 E3 (ZTF)">C/2022 E3 (ZTF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2021_O3_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)">C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2021_J1_(Maury-Attard)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2021 J1 (Maury-Attard)">C/2021 J1 (Maury-Attard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2021_A1_(Leonard)" title="C/2021 A1 (Leonard)">C/2021 A1 (Leonard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2020_F8_(SWAN)" title="C/2020 F8 (SWAN)">C/2020 F8 (SWAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2020_F5_(MASTER)" title="C/2020 F5 (MASTER)">C/2020 F5 (MASTER)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_NEOWISE" title="Comet NEOWISE">C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_Y4_(ATLAS)" title="C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)">C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_Y1_(ATLAS)" title="C/2019 Y1 (ATLAS)">C/2019 Y1 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_U6_(Lemmon)" title="C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)">C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2I/Borisov" title="2I/Borisov">2I/Borisov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P/2019_LD2_(ATLAS)" title="P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS)">P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2018_Y1_(Iwamoto)" title="C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)">C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2018_C2_(Lemmon)" title="C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)">C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2017_U7" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2017 U7">C/2017 U7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2017_K2_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)">C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2016_U1_(NEOWISE)" title="C/2016 U1 (NEOWISE)">C/2016 U1 (NEOWISE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_V2_(Johnson)" title="C/2015 V2 (Johnson)">C/2015 V2 (Johnson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_G2_(MASTER)" title="C/2015 G2 (MASTER)">C/2015 G2 (MASTER)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_ER61_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)">C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_UN271_(Bernardinelli%E2%80%93Bernstein)" title="C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)">C/2014 UN<sub>271</sub> (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q2_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)">C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q1_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)">C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Culture and<br />speculation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antimatter_comet" title="Antimatter comet">Antimatter comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comets_in_fiction" title="Comets in fiction">Comets in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_vintages" title="Comet vintages">Comet vintages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Lists_of_comets_(more)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_comets" title="Lists of comets">Lists of comets</a> (<a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_comets" title="Category:Lists of comets">more</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_comets" title="List of numbered comets">Periodic<br />comets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Until 1985<br />(all)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">1P/Halley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Encke" title="Comet Encke">2P/Encke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biela%27s_Comet" title="Biela's Comet">3D/Biela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4P/Faye" title="4P/Faye">4P/Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5D/Brorsen" title="5D/Brorsen">5D/Brorsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6P/d%27Arrest" title="6P/d'Arrest">6P/d'Arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7P/Pons%E2%80%93Winnecke" title="7P/Pons–Winnecke">7P/Pons–Winnecke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8P/Tuttle" title="8P/Tuttle">8P/Tuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempel_1" title="Tempel 1">9P/Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10P/Tempel" title="10P/Tempel">10P/Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11P/Tempel%E2%80%93Swift%E2%80%93LINEAR" title="11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR">11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12P/Pons%E2%80%93Brooks" title="12P/Pons–Brooks">12P/Pons–Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13P/Olbers" title="13P/Olbers">13P/Olbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14P/Wolf" title="14P/Wolf">14P/Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15P/Finlay" title="15P/Finlay">15P/Finlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16P/Brooks" title="16P/Brooks">16P/Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Holmes" title="Comet Holmes">17P/Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18D/Perrine%E2%80%93Mrkos" title="18D/Perrine–Mrkos">18D/Perrine–Mrkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19P/Borrelly" title="19P/Borrelly">19P/Borrelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20D/Westphal" title="20D/Westphal">20D/Westphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21P/Giacobini%E2%80%93Zinner" title="21P/Giacobini–Zinner">21P/Giacobini–Zinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22P/Kopff" title="22P/Kopff">22P/Kopff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23P/Brorsen%E2%80%93Metcalf" title="23P/Brorsen–Metcalf">23P/Brorsen–Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24P/Schaumasse" title="24P/Schaumasse">24P/Schaumasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25D/Neujmin" title="25D/Neujmin">25D/Neujmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26P/Grigg%E2%80%93Skjellerup" title="26P/Grigg–Skjellerup">26P/Grigg–Skjellerup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27P/Crommelin" title="27P/Crommelin">27P/Crommelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28P/Neujmin" title="28P/Neujmin">28P/Neujmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29P/Schwassmann%E2%80%93Wachmann" title="29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann">29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30P/Reinmuth" title="30P/Reinmuth">30P/Reinmuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31P/Schwassmann%E2%80%93Wachmann" title="31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann">31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32P/Comas_Sol%C3%A0" title="32P/Comas Solà">32P/Comas Solà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33P/Daniel" title="33P/Daniel">33P/Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34D/Gale" title="34D/Gale">34D/Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35P/Herschel%E2%80%93Rigollet" title="35P/Herschel–Rigollet">35P/Herschel–Rigollet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36P/Whipple" title="36P/Whipple">36P/Whipple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37P/Forbes" title="37P/Forbes">37P/Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/38P/Stephan%E2%80%93Oterma" title="38P/Stephan–Oterma">38P/Stephan–Oterma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39P/Oterma" title="39P/Oterma">39P/Oterma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40P/V%C3%A4is%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="40P/Väisälä">40P/Väisälä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/41P/Tuttle%E2%80%93Giacobini%E2%80%93Kres%C3%A1k" title="41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák">41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42P/Neujmin" title="42P/Neujmin">42P/Neujmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43P/Wolf%E2%80%93Harrington" title="43P/Wolf–Harrington">43P/Wolf–Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44P/Reinmuth" title="44P/Reinmuth">44P/Reinmuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45P/Honda%E2%80%93Mrkos%E2%80%93Pajdu%C5%A1%C3%A1kov%C3%A1" title="45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková">45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46P/Wirtanen" title="46P/Wirtanen">46P/Wirtanen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47P/Ashbrook%E2%80%93Jackson" title="47P/Ashbrook–Jackson">47P/Ashbrook–Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48P/Johnson" title="48P/Johnson">48P/Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49P/Arend%E2%80%93Rigaux" title="49P/Arend–Rigaux">49P/Arend–Rigaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50P/Arend" title="50P/Arend">50P/Arend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51P/Harrington" title="51P/Harrington">51P/Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52P/Harrington%E2%80%93Abell" title="52P/Harrington–Abell">52P/Harrington–Abell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53P/Van_Biesbroeck" title="53P/Van Biesbroeck">53P/Van Biesbroeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54P/de_Vico%E2%80%93Swift%E2%80%93NEAT" title="54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT">54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55P/Tempel%E2%80%93Tuttle" title="55P/Tempel–Tuttle">55P/Tempel–Tuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56P/Slaughter%E2%80%93Burnham" title="56P/Slaughter–Burnham">56P/Slaughter–Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57P/du_Toit%E2%80%93Neujmin%E2%80%93Delporte" title="57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte">57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58P/Jackson%E2%80%93Neujmin" title="58P/Jackson–Neujmin">58P/Jackson–Neujmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59P/Kearns%E2%80%93Kwee" title="59P/Kearns–Kwee">59P/Kearns–Kwee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60P/Tsuchinshan" title="60P/Tsuchinshan">60P/Tsuchinshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61P/Shajn%E2%80%93Schaldach" title="61P/Shajn–Schaldach">61P/Shajn–Schaldach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/62P/Tsuchinshan" title="62P/Tsuchinshan">62P/Tsuchinshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63P/Wild" title="63P/Wild">63P/Wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64P/Swift%E2%80%93Gehrels" title="64P/Swift–Gehrels">64P/Swift–Gehrels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65P/Gunn" title="65P/Gunn">65P/Gunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/66P/du_Toit" title="66P/du Toit">66P/du Toit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/67P/Churyumov%E2%80%93Gerasimenko" title="67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko">67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/68P/Klemola" title="68P/Klemola">68P/Klemola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/69P/Taylor" title="69P/Taylor">69P/Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70P/Kojima" title="70P/Kojima">70P/Kojima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71P/Clark" title="71P/Clark">71P/Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72P/Denning%E2%80%93Fujikawa" title="72P/Denning–Fujikawa">72P/Denning–Fujikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/73P/Schwassmann%E2%80%93Wachmann" title="73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann">73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/74P/Smirnova%E2%80%93Chernykh" title="74P/Smirnova–Chernykh">74P/Smirnova–Chernykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75D/Kohoutek" title="75D/Kohoutek">75D/Kohoutek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/76P/West%E2%80%93Kohoutek%E2%80%93Ikemura" title="76P/West–Kohoutek–Ikemura">76P/West–Kohoutek–Ikemura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/77P/Longmore" title="77P/Longmore">77P/Longmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/78P/Gehrels" title="78P/Gehrels">78P/Gehrels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79P/du_Toit%E2%80%93Hartley" title="79P/du Toit–Hartley">79P/du Toit–Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80P/Peters%E2%80%93Hartley" title="80P/Peters–Hartley">80P/Peters–Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81P/Wild" title="81P/Wild">81P/Wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/82P/Gehrels" title="82P/Gehrels">82P/Gehrels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/83D/Russell" title="83D/Russell">83D/Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/84P/Giclas" title="84P/Giclas">84P/Giclas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85D/Boethin" title="85D/Boethin">85D/Boethin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">After 1985<br />(notable)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/88P/Howell" title="88P/Howell">88P/Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92P/Sanguin" title="92P/Sanguin">92P/Sanguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96P/Machholz" title="96P/Machholz">96P/Machholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97P/Metcalf%E2%80%93Brewington" title="97P/Metcalf–Brewington">97P/Metcalf–Brewington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/103P/Hartley" title="103P/Hartley">103P/Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4015_Wilson%E2%80%93Harrington" title="4015 Wilson–Harrington">107P/Wilson–Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/108P/Ciffr%C3%A9o" title="108P/Ciffréo">108P/Ciffréo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Swift%E2%80%93Tuttle" title="Comet Swift–Tuttle">109P/Swift–Tuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/122P/de_Vico" title="122P/de Vico">122P/de Vico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/126P/IRAS" title="126P/IRAS">126P/IRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/141P/Machholz" title="141P/Machholz">141P/Machholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/144P/Kushida" title="144P/Kushida">144P/Kushida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/147P/Kushida%E2%80%93Muramatsu" title="147P/Kushida–Muramatsu">147P/Kushida–Muramatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/153P/Ikeya%E2%80%93Zhang" title="153P/Ikeya–Zhang">153P/Ikeya–Zhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/156P/Russell%E2%80%93LINEAR" title="156P/Russell–LINEAR">156P/Russell–LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/161P/Hartley%E2%80%93IRAS" title="161P/Hartley–IRAS">161P/Hartley–IRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/162P/Siding_Spring" title="162P/Siding Spring">162P/Siding Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/168P/Hergenrother" title="168P/Hergenrother">168P/Hergenrother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/169P/NEAT" title="169P/NEAT">169P/NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/177P/Barnard" title="177P/Barnard">177P/Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/178P/Hug%E2%80%93Bell" title="178P/Hug–Bell">178P/Hug–Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/205P/Giacobini" title="205P/Giacobini">205P/Giacobini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/209P/LINEAR" title="209P/LINEAR">209P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/238P/Read" title="238P/Read">238P/Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/246P/NEAT" title="246P/NEAT">246P/NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/249P/LINEAR" title="249P/LINEAR">249P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/252P/LINEAR" title="252P/LINEAR">252P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/255P/Levy" title="255P/Levy">255P/Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/273P/Pons%E2%80%93Gambart" title="273P/Pons–Gambart">273P/Pons–Gambart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/289P/Blanpain" title="289P/Blanpain">289P/Blanpain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311P/PanSTARRS" title="311P/PanSTARRS">311P/PanSTARRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/322P/SOHO" title="322P/SOHO">322P/SOHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/323P/SOHO" title="323P/SOHO">323P/SOHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/332P/Ikeya%E2%80%93Murakami" title="332P/Ikeya–Murakami">332P/Ikeya–Murakami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/333P/LINEAR" title="333P/LINEAR">333P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/354P/LINEAR" title="354P/LINEAR">354P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(457175)_2008_GO98" title="(457175) 2008 GO98">362P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/460P/PanSTARRS" title="460P/PanSTARRS">460P/PanSTARRS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid#Terminology" title="Asteroid">Comet-like<br />asteroids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/596_Scheila" title="596 Scheila">596 Scheila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2060_Chiron" title="2060 Chiron">2060 Chiron</a> (95P)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4015_Wilson%E2%80%93Harrington" title="4015 Wilson–Harrington">4015 Wilson–Harrington</a> (107P)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7968_Elst%E2%80%93Pizarro" title="7968 Elst–Pizarro">7968 Elst–Pizarro</a> (133P)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/165P/LINEAR" title="165P/LINEAR">165P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/166P/NEAT" title="166P/NEAT">166P/NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/167P/CINEOS" title="167P/CINEOS">167P/CINEOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60558_Echeclus" title="60558 Echeclus">60558 Echeclus</a> (174P)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/118401_LINEAR" title="118401 LINEAR">118401 LINEAR</a> (176P)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/238P/Read" title="238P/Read">238P/Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/259P/Garradd" title="259P/Garradd">259P/Garradd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311P/PanSTARRS" title="311P/PanSTARRS">311P/PanSTARRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/324P/La_Sagra" title="324P/La Sagra">324P/La Sagra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/331P/Gibbs" title="331P/Gibbs">331P/Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/354P/LINEAR" title="354P/LINEAR">354P/LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/358P/PANSTARRS" class="mw-redirect" title="358P/PANSTARRS">358P/PANSTARRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P/2013_R3_(Catalina-PANSTARRS)" class="mw-redirect" title="P/2013 R3 (Catalina-PANSTARRS)">P/2013 R3 (Catalina-PANSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(300163)_2006_VW139" title="(300163) 2006 VW139">(300163) 2006 VW139</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Lost_comet" title="Lost comet">Lost</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Recovered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9P/Tempel" class="mw-redirect" title="9P/Tempel">9P/Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11P/Tempel%E2%80%93Swift%E2%80%93LINEAR" title="11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR">11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15P/Finlay" title="15P/Finlay">15P/Finlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Holmes" title="Comet Holmes">17P/Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27P/Crommelin" title="27P/Crommelin">27P/Crommelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54P/de_Vico%E2%80%93Swift%E2%80%93NEAT" title="54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT">54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55P/Tempel%E2%80%93Tuttle" title="55P/Tempel–Tuttle">55P/Tempel–Tuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57P/du_Toit%E2%80%93Neujmin%E2%80%93Delporte" title="57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte">57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/69P/Taylor" title="69P/Taylor">69P/Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72P/Denning%E2%80%93Fujikawa" title="72P/Denning–Fujikawa">72P/Denning–Fujikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80P/Peters%E2%80%93Hartley" title="80P/Peters–Hartley">80P/Peters–Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97P/Metcalf%E2%80%93Brewington" title="97P/Metcalf–Brewington">97P/Metcalf–Brewington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4015_Wilson%E2%80%93Harrington" title="4015 Wilson–Harrington">107P/Wilson–Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/113P/Spitaler" title="113P/Spitaler">113P/Spitaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/122P/de_Vico" title="122P/de Vico">122P/de Vico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/157P/Tritton" title="157P/Tritton">157P/Tritton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/205P/Giacobini" title="205P/Giacobini">205P/Giacobini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/206P/Barnard%E2%80%93Boattini" title="206P/Barnard–Boattini">206P/Barnard–Boattini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/226P/Pigott%E2%80%93LINEAR%E2%80%93Kowalski" title="226P/Pigott–LINEAR–Kowalski">226P/Pigott–LINEAR–Kowalski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/271P/van_Houten%E2%80%93Lemmon" title="271P/van Houten–Lemmon">271P/van Houten–Lemmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/289P/Blanpain" title="289P/Blanpain">289P/Blanpain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Destroyed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biela%27s_Comet" title="Biela's Comet">3D/Biela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Shoemaker%E2%80%93Levy_9" title="Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9">D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker–Levy 9)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Not found</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lexell%27s_Comet" title="Lexell's Comet">D/1770 L1 (Lexell)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5D/Brorsen" title="5D/Brorsen">5D/Brorsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18D/Perrine%E2%80%93Mrkos" title="18D/Perrine–Mrkos">18D/Perrine–Mrkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20D/Westphal" title="20D/Westphal">20D/Westphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25D/Neujmin" title="25D/Neujmin">25D/Neujmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34D/Gale" title="34D/Gale">34D/Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75D/Kohoutek" title="75D/Kohoutek">75D/Kohoutek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/83D/Russell" title="83D/Russell">83D/Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85D/Boethin" title="85D/Boethin">85D/Boethin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets_and_comets_visited_by_spacecraft#List_of_comets_visited_by_spacecraft" title="List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft">Visited by<br />spacecraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21P/Giacobini%E2%80%93Zinner" title="21P/Giacobini–Zinner">21P/Giacobini–Zinner</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">1P/Halley</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26P/Grigg%E2%80%93Skjellerup" title="26P/Grigg–Skjellerup">26P/Grigg–Skjellerup</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/19P/Borrelly" title="19P/Borrelly">19P/Borrelly</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/81P/Wild" title="81P/Wild">81P/Wild</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempel_1" title="Tempel 1">9P/Tempel</a> (2005, 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_McNaught" title="Comet McNaught">C/2006 P1</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/103P/Hartley" title="103P/Hartley">103P/Hartley</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/67P/Churyumov%E2%80%93Gerasimenko" title="67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko">67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko</a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_near-parabolic_comets" title="List of near-parabolic comets">Near-Parabolic<br />comets<br />(notable)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Until 1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caesar%27s_Comet" title="Caesar's Comet">C/-43 K1 (Caesar's Comet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X/1106_C1" title="X/1106 C1">X/1106 C1 (Great Comet of 1106)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1264" title="Great Comet of 1264">C/1264 N1 (Great Comet of 1264)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1402" title="Great Comet of 1402">C/1402 D1 (Great Comet of 1402)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1472" title="Great Comet of 1472">C/1471 Y1 (Great Comet of 1472)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1577" title="Great Comet of 1577">C/1577 V1 (Great Comet of 1577)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1652_Y1" title="C/1652 Y1">C/1652 Y1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1680" title="Great Comet of 1680">C/1680 V1 (Great Comet of 1680, Kirsch's Comet, Newton's Comet)</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1702_H1" title="C/1702 H1">C/1702 H1 (Comet of 1702)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_of_1729" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet of 1729">C/1729 P1 (Comet of 1729, Comet Sarabat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1744" title="Great Comet of 1744">C/1743 X1 (Great Comet of 1744, Comet Klinkenberg-Chéseaux)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1760_A1" title="C/1760 A1">C/1760 A1 (Great Comet of 1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1769_P1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1769 P1">C/1769 P1 (Great Comet of 1769)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1807_R1" title="C/1807 R1">C/1807 R1 (Great Comet of 1807)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1811" title="Great Comet of 1811">C/1811 F1 (Great Comet of 1811)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1819" title="Great Comet of 1819">C/1819 N1 (Great Comet of 1819)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1823" title="Great Comet of 1823">C/1823 Y1 (Great Comet of 1823)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1843" title="Great Comet of 1843">C/1843 D1 (Great March Comet of 1843)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1847_T1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1847 T1">C/1847 T1 (Miss Mitchell's Comet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Donati" title="Comet Donati">C/1858 L1 (Comet Donati)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1861_G1_(Thatcher)" title="C/1861 G1 (Thatcher)">C/1861 G1 (Comet Thatcher)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1861_J1" title="C/1861 J1">C/1861 J1 (Great Comet of 1861)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1865_B1" title="C/1865 B1">C/1865 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1865)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X/1872_X1" title="X/1872 X1">X/1872 X1 (Pogson's Comet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1874_H1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1874 H1">C/1874 H1 (Comet Coggia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1881_K1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1881 K1">C/1881 K1 (Comet Tebbutt)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1882" title="Great Comet of 1882">C/1882 R1 (Great Comet of 1882)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Southern_Comet_of_1887" title="Great Southern Comet of 1887">C/1887 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1887)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Comet_of_1901" title="Great Comet of 1901">C/1901 G1 (Great Comet of 1901)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_January_Comet_of_1910" title="Great January Comet of 1910">C/1910 A1 (Great January Comet of 1910)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1911_O1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1911 O1">C/1911 O1 (Brooks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1911_S3" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1911 S3">C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Skjellerup%E2%80%93Maristany" title="Comet Skjellerup–Maristany">C/1927 X1 (Skjellerup–Maristany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1931_P1_(Ryves)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1931 P1 (Ryves)">C/1931 P1 (Ryves)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1941_B2_(de_Kock-Paraskevopoulos)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1941 B2 (de Kock-Paraskevopoulos)">C/1941 B2 (de Kock-Paraskevopoulos)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1947_X1_(Southern_Comet)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1947 X1 (Southern Comet)">C/1947 X1 (Southern Comet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1948_V1" title="C/1948 V1">C/1948 V1 (Eclipse)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Arend%E2%80%93Roland" title="Comet Arend–Roland">C/1956 R1 (Arend–Roland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1957_P1_(Mrkos)" title="C/1957 P1 (Mrkos)">C/1957 P1 (Mrkos)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1961_O1_(Wilson-Hubbard)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard) (page does not exist)">C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/C/1961_O1_(Wilson-Hubbard)" class="extiw" title="de:C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard)">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Humason" title="Comet Humason">C/1961 R1 (Humason)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1962_C1_(Seki-Lines)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines)">C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1963_A1_(Ikeya)" title="C/1963 A1 (Ikeya)">C/1963 A1 (Ikeya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Pereyra" title="Comet Pereyra">C/1963 R1 (Pereyra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1964_N1_(Ikeya)" title="C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)">C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Ikeya%E2%80%93Seki" title="Comet Ikeya–Seki">C/1965 S1 (Ikeya-Seki)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1969_T1_(Tago-Sato-Kosaka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka) (page does not exist)">C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/C/1969_T1_(Tago-Sato-Kosaka)" class="extiw" title="de:C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka)">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Bennett" title="Comet Bennett">C/1969 Y1 (Bennett)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_White%E2%80%93Ortiz%E2%80%93Bolelli" title="Comet White–Ortiz–Bolelli">C/1970 K1 (White–Ortiz–Bolelli)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Kohoutek" title="Comet Kohoutek">C/1973 E1 (Kohoutek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_West" title="Comet West">C/1975 V1 (West)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1980_E1_(Bowell)" title="C/1980 E1 (Bowell)">C/1980 E1 (Bowell)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_IRAS%E2%80%93Araki%E2%80%93Alcock" title="Comet IRAS–Araki–Alcock">C/1983 H1 (IRAS–Araki–Alcock)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1989_W1_(Aarseth-Brewington)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1989 W1 (Aarseth-Brewington)">C/1989 W1 (Aarseth-Brewington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1989_X1_(Austin)" title="C/1989 X1 (Austin)">C/1989 X1 (Austin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Skorichenko%E2%80%93George" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Skorichenko–George">C/1989 Y1 (Skorichenko–George)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">After 1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/1990_K1_(Levy)" title="C/1990 K1 (Levy)">C/1990 K1 (Levy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1992_J1_(Spacewatch)" title="C/1992 J1 (Spacewatch)">C/1992 J1 (Spacewatch–Rabinowitz)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_McNaught%E2%80%93Russell" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet McNaught–Russell">C/1993 Y1 (McNaught–Russell)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hyakutake" title="Comet Hyakutake">C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Zhu%E2%80%93Balam" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Zhu–Balam">C/1997 L1 (Zhu–Balam)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Stonehouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Stonehouse">C/1998 H1 (Stonehouse)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1998_J1_(SOHO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1998 J1 (SOHO) (page does not exist)">C/1998 J1 (SOHO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1999_F1_(Catalina)" title="C/1999 F1 (Catalina)">C/1999 F1 (Catalina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1999_S4_(LINEAR)" title="C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)">C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2000_WM1_(LINEAR)" title="C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR)">C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_A2_(LINEAR)" title="C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)">C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_OG108" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2001 OG108">C/2001 OG108 (LONEOS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_Q4_(NEAT)" title="C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)">C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2002_T7" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2002 T7">C/2002 T7 (LINEAR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2002_V1_(NEAT)" title="C/2002 V1 (NEAT)">C/2002 V1 (NEAT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2004_F4_(Bradfield)" title="C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)">C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Machholz" title="Comet Machholz">C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Pojma%C5%84ski" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Pojmański">C/2006 A1 (Pojmański)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2006_M4_(SWAN)" title="C/2006 M4 (SWAN)">C/2006 M4 (SWAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_McNaught" title="Comet McNaught">C/2006 P1 (McNaught)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_E2_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2007 E2 (Lovejoy)">C/2007 E2 (Lovejoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_F1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2007 F1">C/2007 F1 (LONEOS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Lulin" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Lulin">C/2007 N3 (Lulin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_Q3_(Siding_Spring)" title="C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)">C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_W1_(Boattini)" title="C/2007 W1 (Boattini)">C/2007 W1 (Boattini)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Yi%E2%80%93SWAN" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Yi–SWAN">C/2009 F6 (Yi–SWAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2009_R1_(McNaught)" title="C/2009 R1 (McNaught)">C/2009 R1 (McNaught)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2010_X1_(Elenin)" title="C/2010 X1 (Elenin)">C/2010 X1 (Elenin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2011_L4" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2011 L4">C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2011_W3_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)">C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_E2_(SWAN)" title="C/2012 E2 (SWAN)">C/2012 E2 (SWAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_F6_(Lemmon)" title="C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)">C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_K1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2012 K1">C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_ISON" title="Comet ISON">C/2012 S1 (ISON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_A1_(Siding_Spring)" title="C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)">C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_R1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2013 R1">C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_US10_(Catalina)" title="C/2013 US10 (Catalina)">C/2013 US10 (Catalina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_V5_(Oukaimeden)" title="C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden)">C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_E2_(Jacques)" title="C/2014 E2 (Jacques)">C/2014 E2 (Jacques)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q1_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)">C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q2_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)">C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_ER61_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)">C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_V2_(Johnson)" title="C/2015 V2 (Johnson)">C/2015 V2 (Johnson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2017_K2_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)">C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBOumuamua" title="ʻOumuamua">1I/2017 U1 ʻOumuamua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2018_Y1_(Iwamoto)" title="C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)">C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2I/Borisov" title="2I/Borisov">2I/Borisov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_U6_(Lemmon)" title="C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)">C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_Y4_(ATLAS)" title="C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)">C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2020_F3_(NEOWISE)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)">C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2020_F8_(SWAN)" title="C/2020 F8 (SWAN)">C/2020 F8 (SWAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2021_A1_(Leonard)" title="C/2021 A1 (Leonard)">C/2021 A1 (Leonard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2022_E3_(ZTF)" title="C/2022 E3 (ZTF)">C/2022 E3 (ZTF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_A3_(Tsuchinshan%E2%80%93ATLAS)" title="C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)">C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_P1_(Nishimura)" title="C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)">C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">After 1910<br />(by name)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/1989_W1_(Aarseth-Brewington)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1989 W1 (Aarseth-Brewington)">Aarseth-Brewington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Arend%E2%80%93Roland" title="Comet Arend–Roland">Arend–Roland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1989_X1_(Austin)" title="C/1989 X1 (Austin)">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1911_S3" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1911 S3">Beljawsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Bennett" title="Comet Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_W1_(Boattini)" title="C/2007 W1 (Boattini)">Boattini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2I/Borisov" title="2I/Borisov">Borisov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1980_E1_(Bowell)" title="C/1980 E1 (Bowell)">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2004_F4_(Bradfield)" title="C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)">Bradfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1911_O1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1911 O1">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalina_Sky_Survey" title="Catalina Sky Survey">Catalina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/1999_F1_(Catalina)" title="C/1999 F1 (Catalina)">C/1999 F1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_US10" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2013 US10">C/2013 US10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1941_B2_(de_Kock-Paraskevopoulos)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1941 B2 (de Kock-Paraskevopoulos)">de Kock–Paraskevopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1948_V1" title="C/1948 V1">Eclipse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2010_X1_(Elenin)" title="C/2010 X1 (Elenin)">Elenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">Hale-Bopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Humason" title="Comet Humason">Humason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hyakutake" title="Comet Hyakutake">Hyakutake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaoru_Ikeya" title="Kaoru Ikeya">Ikeya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/1963_A1_(Ikeya)" title="C/1963 A1 (Ikeya)">C/1963 A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1964_N1_(Ikeya)" title="C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)">C/1964 N1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Ikeya%E2%80%93Seki" title="Comet Ikeya–Seki">Ikeya-Seki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_IRAS%E2%80%93Araki%E2%80%93Alcock" title="Comet IRAS–Araki–Alcock">IRAS–Araki–Alcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_ISON" title="Comet ISON">ISON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2018_Y1_(Iwamoto)" title="C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)">Iwamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_E2_(Jacques)" title="C/2014 E2 (Jacques)">Jacques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_V2_(Johnson)" title="C/2015 V2 (Johnson)">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Kohoutek" title="Comet Kohoutek">Kohoutek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lemmon_Observatory" title="Mount Lemmon Observatory">Lemmon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_F6_(Lemmon)" title="C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)">C/2012 F6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2018_C2_(Lemmon)" title="C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)">C/2018 C2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2019_U6_(Lemmon)" title="C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)">C/2019 U6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2021_A1_(Leonard)" title="C/2021 A1 (Leonard)">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1990_K1_(Levy)" title="C/1990 K1 (Levy)">Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Near-Earth_Asteroid_Research" title="Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research">LINEAR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/1999_S4_(LINEAR)" title="C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)">C/1999 S4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2000_WM1_(LINEAR)" title="C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR)">C/2000 WM1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_A2_(LINEAR)" title="C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)">C/2001 A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2002_T7" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2002 T7">C/2002 T7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Observatory_Near-Earth-Object_Search" title="Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search">LONEOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_OG108" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2001 OG108">C/2001 OG108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_F1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2007 F1">C/2007 F1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Lovejoy" title="Terry Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_E2_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2007 E2 (Lovejoy)">C/2007 E2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2011_W3_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)">C/2011 W3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_R1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2013 R1">C/2013 R1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q2_(Lovejoy)" title="C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)">C/2014 Q2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Lulin" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Lulin">Lulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Machholz" title="Comet Machholz">Machholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._McNaught" title="Robert H. McNaught">McNaught</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comet_McNaught" title="Comet McNaught">C/2006 P1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2009_R1_(McNaught)" title="C/2009 R1 (McNaught)">C/2009 R1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_McNaught%E2%80%93Russell" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet McNaught–Russell">McNaught–Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1957_P1_(Mrkos)" title="C/1957 P1 (Mrkos)">Mrkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_Asteroid_Tracking" title="Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking">NEAT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2001_Q4_(NEAT)" title="C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)">C/2001 Q4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2002_V1_(NEAT)" title="C/2002 V1 (NEAT)">C/2002 V1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_NEOWISE" title="Comet NEOWISE">NEOWISE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_P1_(Nishimura)" title="C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)">Nishimura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_V5_(Oukaimeden)" title="C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden)">Oukaimeden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBOumuamua" title="ʻOumuamua">ʻOumuamua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-STARRS" title="Pan-STARRS">Pan-STARRS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2011_L4" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2011 L4">C/2011 L4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_K1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2012 K1">C/2012 K1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311P/PanSTARRS" title="311P/PanSTARRS">311P/PanSTARRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2014_Q1_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)">C/2014 Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2015_ER61_(PanSTARRS)" title="C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)">C/2015 ER61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2017_K2" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2017 K2">C/2017 K2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Pereyra" title="Comet Pereyra">Pereyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Pojma%C5%84ski" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Pojmański">Pojmański</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryves_Comet" title="Ryves Comet">Ryves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1962_C1_(Seki-Lines)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines)">Seki–Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siding_Spring_Observatory" title="Siding Spring Observatory">Siding Spring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2007_Q3_(Siding_Spring)" title="C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)">C/2007 Q3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_A1_(Siding_Spring)" title="C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)">C/2013 A1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Skjellerup%E2%80%93Maristany" title="Comet Skjellerup–Maristany">Skjellerup–Maristany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Skorichenko%E2%80%93George" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Skorichenko–George">Skorichenko–George</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1998_J1_(SOHO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1998 J1 (SOHO) (page does not exist)">SOHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1947_X1_(Southern_Comet)" class="mw-redirect" title="C/1947 X1 (Southern Comet)">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/1992_J1_(Spacewatch)" title="C/1992 J1 (Spacewatch)">Spacewatch–Rabinowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Stonehouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Stonehouse">Stonehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory#Instruments" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SWAN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2006_M4_(SWAN)" title="C/2006 M4 (SWAN)">C/2006 M4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2012_E2_(SWAN)" title="C/2012 E2 (SWAN)">C/2012 E2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2020_F8_(SWAN)" title="C/2020 F8 (SWAN)">C/2020 F8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1969_T1_(Tago-Sato-Kosaka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka) (page does not exist)">Tago-Sato-Kosaka</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/C/1969_T1_(Tago-Sato-Kosaka)" class="extiw" title="de:C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka)">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2023_A3_(Tsuchinshan%E2%80%93ATLAS)" title="C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)">Tsuchinshan–ATLAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_West" title="Comet West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_White%E2%80%93Ortiz%E2%80%93Bolelli" title="Comet White–Ortiz–Bolelli">White–Ortiz–Bolelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/1961_O1_(Wilson-Hubbard)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard) (page does not exist)">Wilson–Hubbard</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/C/1961_O1_(Wilson-Hubbard)" class="extiw" title="de:C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard)">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Yi%E2%80%93SWAN" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Yi–SWAN">Yi–SWAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Zhu%E2%80%93Balam" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Zhu–Balam">Zhu–Balam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2022_E3_(ZTF)" title="C/2022 E3 (ZTF)">ZTF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Comets" title="Category:Comets">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/19px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/29px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/16px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/25px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/33px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/19px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/29px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/38px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/21px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/32px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/42px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/15px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/23px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/30px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Solar system">Solar system</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40864#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40864#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40864#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/307321359">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1715448/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh86000523">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007539066105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&oldid=1259120784">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&oldid=1259120784</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Solar_System" title="Category:Solar System">Solar System</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oort_cloud" title="Category:Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomical_hypotheses" title="Category:Astronomical hypotheses">Astronomical hypotheses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comets" title="Category:Comets">Comets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Discoveries_by_Jan_Oort" title="Category:Discoveries by Jan Oort">Discoveries by Jan Oort</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hypothetical_trans-Neptunian_objects" title="Category:Hypothetical trans-Neptunian objects">Hypothetical trans-Neptunian objects</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jan_Oort" title="Category:Jan Oort">Jan Oort</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Minor_planets" title="Category:Minor planets">Minor planets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trans-Neptunian_region" title="Category:Trans-Neptunian region">Trans-Neptunian region</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Circumstellar_disks" title="Category:Circumstellar disks">Circumstellar disks</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spoken_articles" title="Category:Spoken articles">Spoken articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Featured_articles" title="Category:Featured articles">Featured articles</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 13:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oort_cloud&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-xz49f","wgBackendResponseTime":231,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.443","walltime":"1.774","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8925,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":482274,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":11063,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":332590,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1421.799 1 -total"," 39.37% 559.746 2 Template:Reflist"," 14.56% 206.969 35 Template:Cite_journal"," 10.64% 151.265 11 Template:Navbox"," 9.91% 140.869 1 Template:Solar_System"," 9.70% 137.925 1 Template:Navbox_with_columns"," 7.82% 111.166 1 Template:OED"," 7.69% 109.383 22 Template:Cite_web"," 6.96% 98.938 1 Template:TNO"," 6.45% 91.653 1 Template:Sidebar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.828","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10594957,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-r64b6","timestamp":"20241127133017","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Oort cloud","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oort_cloud","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q40864","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q40864","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-17T19:50:29Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T13:44:34Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/da\/PIA17046_-_Voyager_1_Goes_Interstellar.jpg","headline":"theoretical cloud of planetesimals at the far edge of the solar system"}</script> </body> </html>