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class="data">61</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">20</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;"><b>Address: </b>Friedrich-Schiller-Universität <br />Theologische Fakultät <br />Fürstengraben 6 <br />07743 Jena, Germany <br /> <br />http://www.theologie.uni-jena.de/Peter_Stein.html<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 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href="https://www.academia.edu/111337683/The_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Essays_dedicated_to_Manfred_Krebernik_during_the_Colloquium_Held_on_March_17_18_2022_at_Friedrich_Schiller_University_Jena_TOC_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities: Essays dedicated to Manfred Krebernik during the Colloquium Held on March 17–18, 2022 at Friedrich Schiller University Jena (TOC)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108906403/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/111337683/The_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Essays_dedicated_to_Manfred_Krebernik_during_the_Colloquium_Held_on_March_17_18_2022_at_Friedrich_Schiller_University_Jena_TOC_">The Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities: Essays dedicated to Manfred Krebernik during the Colloquium Held on March 17–18, 2022 at Friedrich Schiller University Jena (TOC)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/JacobJandeRidder">Jacob Jan de Ridder</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Texte und Materialien der Frau Prof. Hilprecht-Collection (TMH)</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This volume contains thirteen papers that were presented during the Jena Colloquium on the Frau P...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume contains thirteen papers that were presented during the Jena Colloquium on the Frau Professor Hilprecht collection held on March 17–18, 2022, at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena. The collection contains ca. 3,300 objects from the ancient Near East, mostly from the Mesopotamian city of Nippur. The papers discuss the history of the collection and its founder, Hermann Volrath Hilprecht, and include a paper on the origin of the Old Assyrian tablets that also ended up in Jena. Other studies investigate the archaeology of Nippur and its ancient archives. New cuneiform material from Nippur, currently held in the Istanbul museums and relevant to the Hilprecht Collection, is presented. The volume additionally contains a number of miscellaneous articles on the Akkadian language. As the colloquium was held in honour of its curator, Manfred Krebernik, the volume begins with his bibliography and a short sketch of his personality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="201c3d884fb27e9fa56cf41214d34c02" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108906403,"asset_id":111337683,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108906403/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="111337683"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="111337683"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 111337683; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=111337683]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=111337683]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 111337683; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='111337683']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "201c3d884fb27e9fa56cf41214d34c02" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=111337683]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":111337683,"title":"The Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities: Essays dedicated to Manfred Krebernik during the Colloquium Held on March 17–18, 2022 at Friedrich Schiller University Jena (TOC)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"14","abstract":"This volume contains thirteen papers that were presented during the Jena Colloquium on the Frau Professor Hilprecht collection held on March 17–18, 2022, at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena. The collection contains ca. 3,300 objects from the ancient Near East, mostly from the Mesopotamian city of Nippur. The papers discuss the history of the collection and its founder, Hermann Volrath Hilprecht, and include a paper on the origin of the Old Assyrian tablets that also ended up in Jena. Other studies investigate the archaeology of Nippur and its ancient archives. New cuneiform material from Nippur, currently held in the Istanbul museums and relevant to the Hilprecht Collection, is presented. The volume additionally contains a number of miscellaneous articles on the Akkadian language. 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Band 2. Die altsabäischen und minäischen Inschriften. Mit einem Anhang: Unbeschriftete Objekte und Fälschungen, Wiesbaden 2023 (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel 10)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102669132/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102383971/Die_alts%C3%BCdarabischen_Minuskelinschriften_auf_Holzst%C3%A4bchen_aus_der_Bayerischen_Staatsbibliothek_in_M%C3%BCnchen_Band_2_Die_altsab%C3%A4ischen_und_min%C3%A4ischen_Inschriften_Mit_einem_Anhang_Unbeschriftete_Objekte_und_F%C3%A4lschungen_Wiesbaden_2023_Epigraphische_Forschungen_auf_der_Arabischen_Halbinsel_10_">Die altsüdarabischen Minuskelinschriften auf Holzstäbchen aus der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek in München. Band 2. Die altsabäischen und minäischen Inschriften. Mit einem Anhang: Unbeschriftete Objekte und Fälschungen, Wiesbaden 2023 (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel 10)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The texts carved in wooden sticks from Ancient Yemen comprise legal and business documents, corre...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The texts carved in wooden sticks from Ancient Yemen comprise legal and business documents, correspondence by letter as well as records from religious practice and school exercises. These texts provide unique glimpses of daily life in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula in pre-Islamic times. 180 of these documents, written in the Sabaic and Minaic languages during the 1st millennium BCE, are published and philologically analysed here for the first time. By this volume, the edition of the inscribed wooden sticks from the collection of the Bavarian State Library in Munich has been brought to completion.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="edb9cb0df56548acc7466d869b0b0fb5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102669132,"asset_id":102383971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102669132/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102383971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102383971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102383971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102383971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102383971]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102383971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102383971']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "edb9cb0df56548acc7466d869b0b0fb5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102383971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102383971,"title":"Die altsüdarabischen Minuskelinschriften auf Holzstäbchen aus der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek in München. 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Jüdisches Schrifttum aus fünf Jahrhunderten in der Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85808722/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/63119138/Tora_Talmud_Tefillot_J%C3%BCdisches_Schrifttum_aus_f%C3%BCnf_Jahrhunderten_in_der_Th%C3%BCringer_Universit%C3%A4ts_und_Landesbibliothek_Jena">Tora, Talmud, Tefillot. Jüdisches Schrifttum aus fünf Jahrhunderten in der Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Die Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek (ThULB) Jena verfügt über einen Bestand von mehr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Die Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek (ThULB) Jena verfügt über einen Bestand von mehr als 1000 Titeln jüdischer (oder mit dem Judentum eng verbundener) Werke des 13.–19. Jh. Dazu gehören frühneuzeitliche Drucke von Bibeln und rabbinischen Standardwerken ebenso wie literarische Schöpfungen in jiddischer Sprache oder mittelalterliche Handschriften zur Sprachwissenschaft und Philosophie, die hier zum ersten Mal in einem umfassenden Querschnitt der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt werden. <br /><br />Die Bücher erzählen beispielhaft vom Schicksal jüdischer Autoren und Verleger und zeugen vom regen geistigen Austausch zwischen Juden, Christen und Muslimen in einem grenzenlosen Europa von Gibraltar bis zum Bosporus, vom Hohen Mittelalter bis in die Zeit der Frühaufklärung. Zugleich geben die Bestände einen repräsentativen Einblick in die zentralen Schriften des Judentums wie TaNaKH, Mischna oder Talmud, aber auch weniger bekannte Gattungen wie die mittelalterliche jüdische Grammatik und Philosophie oder frühe Werke der jiddischen Literatur.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b6ed0681f487213826d82d203865482" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":85808722,"asset_id":63119138,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85808722/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="63119138"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63119138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63119138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63119138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63119138]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63119138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='63119138']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2b6ed0681f487213826d82d203865482" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=63119138]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":63119138,"title":"Tora, Talmud, Tefillot. 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Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68990818/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51152589/Tayma_II_Catalogue_of_the_inscriptions_discovered_in_the_Saudi_German_excavations_at_Taym%C4%81%CA%BE">Tayma II. Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/MichaelMacdonald">Michael C . A . Macdonald</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/HanspeterSchaudig">Hanspeter Schaudig</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ricIMBERT">Frédéric IMBERT</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://dainst.academia.edu/ArnulfHausleiter">Arnulf Hausleiter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Taymāʾ II. Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a catalogue of all the inscriptions discovered during the Saudi-German excavations at Tay...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a catalogue of all the inscriptions discovered during the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ from 2004 to 2015 with indexes including material from all known inscriptions from the oasis.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3fc2dcaec615576305d149d5585d8462" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68990818,"asset_id":51152589,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68990818/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51152589"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51152589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51152589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51152589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51152589]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51152589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51152589']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3fc2dcaec615576305d149d5585d8462" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51152589]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51152589,"title":"Tayma II. 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Köhler, M. Krebernik and K. Lämmerhirt, eds.) Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58723397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38645333/_together_with_S_K%C3%B6hler_M_Krebernik_and_K_L%C3%A4mmerhirt_eds_Hilprecht_Sammlung_vorderasiatischer_Altert%C3%BCmer_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Jena_2017">(together with S. Köhler, M. Krebernik and K. Lämmerhirt, eds.) Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities is one of the most important collections of it...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities is one of the most important collections of its kind in Germany and beyond. It comprises about 3.300 objects, of them more than 3.000 cuneiform tablets, which cover a time span of almost three millennia. Among these tablets we find literary and lexical texts written in Sumerian and Akkadian, mainly from the Old Babylonian period (1st half of the 2nd millennium BCE). 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The catalogue presents, in 18 chapters, 22 selected objects of the collection in chronological sequence, complemented by introductory essays illuminating the history and scientific importance of the collection as well as the cultural-historical background of the presented artefacts.","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":58723397,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58723397/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Hilprecht-Sammlung_2017.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58723397/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"together_with_S_Kohler_M_Krebernik_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58723397/Hilprecht-Sammlung_2017-libre.pdf?1553702807=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dtogether_with_S_Kohler_M_Krebernik_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=BcpEhzbUzYMR8PFGOlj7tMnvD4EkxmASnsuCcxm1ZdVmpxw9s4Xr3sCiwUd~QAi4HhzRjR8XDYl2ay8q0pLw7jIZ3ZHwe26aA1BwEgVn2wWRDI0bjhaxBAeoadiwQWtO2QRqN9bE5~o7PSFeVVaWCUXw8Sc5tmwEwScWD-7HM09kro6DD1s-D9T9hsnwNmfgFz~ceik5dwELJlxcecqIDzVLnC6HfQWhfy1tgoB5VBMl2gzqoydv3Yp5ZWYzDLUrjnsRnrm0YfzuDybwP-NPTypdVXd-ztpPM-hlWLPx39NE5ICY4vzu095WYFInXe5Cc8ITOhHBYgvIaVfPquP4Pw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3791,"name":"Mesopotamian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Archaeology"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic"},{"id":15761,"name":"History of Collections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Collections"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East"},{"id":20182,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Languages"},{"id":32282,"name":"Sumerian \u0026 Akkadian literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_and_Akkadian_literature"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_"},{"id":49052,"name":"History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Archaeology_of_the_Ancient_Near_East"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-38645333-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="28335426"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/28335426/Abraham_J_Drewes_and_Jacques_Ryckmans_Les_inscriptions_sudarabes_sur_bois_dans_la_collection_de_lOosters_Instituut_conserv%C3%A9e_dans_la_biblioth%C3%A8que_universitaire_de_Leiden_Texte_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_et_adapt%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_Edit%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_et_Harry_Stroomer_Wiesbaden_2016"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Abraham J. Drewes & Jacques Ryckmans, Les inscriptions sudarabes sur bois dans la collection de l'Oosters Instituut conservée dans la bibliothèque universitaire de Leiden. Texte révisé et adapté par Peter Stein. Edité par Peter Stein et Harry Stroomer, Wiesbaden 2016" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48670206/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/28335426/Abraham_J_Drewes_and_Jacques_Ryckmans_Les_inscriptions_sudarabes_sur_bois_dans_la_collection_de_lOosters_Instituut_conserv%C3%A9e_dans_la_biblioth%C3%A8que_universitaire_de_Leiden_Texte_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_et_adapt%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_Edit%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_et_Harry_Stroomer_Wiesbaden_2016">Abraham J. Drewes & Jacques Ryckmans, Les inscriptions sudarabes sur bois dans la collection de l'Oosters Instituut conservée dans la bibliothèque universitaire de Leiden. Texte révisé et adapté par Peter Stein. 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Tübingen/Berlin 2010</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7131223"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7131223"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7131223; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7131223]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7131223]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7131223; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7131223']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7131223]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7131223,"title":"Die altsüdarabischen Minuskelinschriften auf Holzstäbchen aus der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek in München. 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Grammatische Untersuchungen. Wiesbaden 2000" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Die mittel- und neubabylonischen Königsinschriften bis zum Ende der Assyrerherrschaft. Grammatische Untersuchungen. Wiesbaden 2000</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7131227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7131227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7131227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7131227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7131227]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7131227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7131227']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7131227]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7131227,"title":"Die mittel- und neubabylonischen Königsinschriften bis zum Ende der Assyrerherrschaft. 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Das "Glückliche Arabien" - Ostarabien. Handelsstädte der Golfregion, in: A. Kaplony (ed.), Geschichte der arabischen Welt, München 2024, S. 3-15 und 658-666" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118646918/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124417378/S%C3%BCdarabien_Jemen_Das_Gl%C3%BCckliche_Arabien_Ostarabien_Handelsst%C3%A4dte_der_Golfregion_in_A_Kaplony_ed_Geschichte_der_arabischen_Welt_M%C3%BCnchen_2024_S_3_15_und_658_666">Südarabien (Jemen). Das "Glückliche Arabien" - Ostarabien. Handelsstädte der Golfregion, in: A. Kaplony (ed.), Geschichte der arabischen Welt, München 2024, S. 3-15 und 658-666</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Die vorliegende neue «Geschichte der arabischen Welt» knüpft an das Standardwerk gleichen Titels ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Die vorliegende neue «Geschichte der arabischen Welt» knüpft an das Standardwerk gleichen Titels an, das Ulrich Haarmann 1987, vor bald vierzig Jahren, im selben Verlag herausgebracht hat. Heinz Halm hat das Handbuch als Herausgeber der vierten Auflage von 2001-kurz vor den Anschlägen des elften Septemberund der fünften Auflage von 2004 weitergeführt und aktualisiert. Doch schon er musste feststellen, dass angesichts der rasanten weltpolitischen Veränderungen und ganz neuer Forschungsperspektiven, die damit einhergingen, eine Aktualisierung nur ein Notbehelf sein konnte. So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». Aber ob nun schön oder schrecklich, in jedem Fall gilt «der Orient» als rückständig und dient als Kontrastfolie, um sich eines selbstbestimmten, friedliebenden und kontrolliertenund gleichzeitig fremdbestimmten, getriebenen und unendlich banalen-Lebens in Westeuropa zu versichern. Diese orientalistischen Projektionen sagen viel über die Ängste und Wünsche in Westeuropa aus, doch nichts über die islamische und arabische Welt. Diesen Projektionen will der vorliegende Band ein auf den Quellen basierendes und in der akademischen Diskussion erprobtes Wissen entgegensetzen. Die arabische Welt Der Ausdruck «arabische Welt» bezeichnet drei konzentrische Kreise. Im engeren Sinne meint er Arabien (die Arabische Halbinsel) mit den Araberinnen und Arabern, im weiteren Sinne alle arabisch(sprachig)en Länder, also neben der Arabischen Halbinsel auch die arabisierten Regionen in Nordafrika, Ägypten, Syrien-1 Südarabien (Jemen) Das «Glückliche Arabien» Von Peter Stein 1000 v. Chr. Erste sabäische und minäische Schriftzeugnisse.-Um 700 v. Chr. Erste Blütezeit des Sabäerreiches.-500-200 v. Chr.-Minäer kontrollieren Handel auf der Weihrauchstraße.-110 v. Chr. Beginn der Ḥimyarischen Ära.-25/24 v. Chr. Römischer Feldzug unter Aelius Gallus.-200-230 Neue Blütezeit des Sabäer reiches.-275-300 Vereinigung des Jemen unter den Ḥimyar.-Seit 380 Monotheismus jüdischer Prägung herrscht vor.-400-440 Abukarib Asʿad dehnt Einfluss ins Zentrum der Halbinsel aus.-522-525 Josef Asʾar Yaṯʾar treibt Christen aus dem Land, Niederlage gegen die Abessinier unter Kāleb Ella Aṣbeḥā.-533-560 Abraha unterwirft weite Teile der Halbinsel.-Um 575 Sasanidische Besetzung. Irak und Syrien, das alte Nordarabien Von den vielen Arabien zum «eigentlichen» Arabien Von Michael C. A. Macdonald 853 v. Chr. Früheste Erwähnung eines «Arabers».-737-652 v. Chr. Sechs arabische Königinnen kämpfen gegen die Assyrer.-673 v. Chr. Araber helfen den Assyrern bei der Eroberung Ägyptens.-440 er Jahre v. Chr. Gešem der Araber widersteht Nehemiah.-332 v. Chr. Araber in Gaza kämpfen gegen Alexander.-Um 300 v. Chr. Nabatäer siedeln sich im Süden Jordaniens an.-63 v. Chr. Eroberung Syriens und seiner Araber durch Rom.-24 v. Chr. Invasion Südarabiens durch Aelius Gallus.-106 n. Chr. Rom annektiert das nabatäische Königreich.-244-249 Philipp «der Araber» römischer Kaiser.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e174f0b1eafb7b8a2ddbaa5c17d44c1f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118646918,"asset_id":124417378,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118646918/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124417378"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124417378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124417378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124417378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124417378]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124417378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124417378']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e174f0b1eafb7b8a2ddbaa5c17d44c1f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124417378]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124417378,"title":"Südarabien (Jemen). Das \"Glückliche Arabien\" - Ostarabien. Handelsstädte der Golfregion, in: A. Kaplony (ed.), Geschichte der arabischen Welt, München 2024, S. 3-15 und 658-666","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Die vorliegende neue «Geschichte der arabischen Welt» knüpft an das Standardwerk gleichen Titels an, das Ulrich Haarmann 1987, vor bald vierzig Jahren, im selben Verlag herausgebracht hat. Heinz Halm hat das Handbuch als Herausgeber der vierten Auflage von 2001-kurz vor den Anschlägen des elften Septemberund der fünften Auflage von 2004 weitergeführt und aktualisiert. Doch schon er musste feststellen, dass angesichts der rasanten weltpolitischen Veränderungen und ganz neuer Forschungsperspektiven, die damit einhergingen, eine Aktualisierung nur ein Notbehelf sein konnte. So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». Aber ob nun schön oder schrecklich, in jedem Fall gilt «der Orient» als rückständig und dient als Kontrastfolie, um sich eines selbstbestimmten, friedliebenden und kontrolliertenund gleichzeitig fremdbestimmten, getriebenen und unendlich banalen-Lebens in Westeuropa zu versichern. Diese orientalistischen Projektionen sagen viel über die Ängste und Wünsche in Westeuropa aus, doch nichts über die islamische und arabische Welt. Diesen Projektionen will der vorliegende Band ein auf den Quellen basierendes und in der akademischen Diskussion erprobtes Wissen entgegensetzen. Die arabische Welt Der Ausdruck «arabische Welt» bezeichnet drei konzentrische Kreise. Im engeren Sinne meint er Arabien (die Arabische Halbinsel) mit den Araberinnen und Arabern, im weiteren Sinne alle arabisch(sprachig)en Länder, also neben der Arabischen Halbinsel auch die arabisierten Regionen in Nordafrika, Ägypten, Syrien-1 Südarabien (Jemen) Das «Glückliche Arabien» Von Peter Stein 1000 v. Chr. Erste sabäische und minäische Schriftzeugnisse.-Um 700 v. Chr. Erste Blütezeit des Sabäerreiches.-500-200 v. Chr.-Minäer kontrollieren Handel auf der Weihrauchstraße.-110 v. Chr. Beginn der Ḥimyarischen Ära.-25/24 v. Chr. Römischer Feldzug unter Aelius Gallus.-200-230 Neue Blütezeit des Sabäer reiches.-275-300 Vereinigung des Jemen unter den Ḥimyar.-Seit 380 Monotheismus jüdischer Prägung herrscht vor.-400-440 Abukarib Asʿad dehnt Einfluss ins Zentrum der Halbinsel aus.-522-525 Josef Asʾar Yaṯʾar treibt Christen aus dem Land, Niederlage gegen die Abessinier unter Kāleb Ella Aṣbeḥā.-533-560 Abraha unterwirft weite Teile der Halbinsel.-Um 575 Sasanidische Besetzung. Irak und Syrien, das alte Nordarabien Von den vielen Arabien zum «eigentlichen» Arabien Von Michael C. A. Macdonald 853 v. Chr. Früheste Erwähnung eines «Arabers».-737-652 v. Chr. Sechs arabische Königinnen kämpfen gegen die Assyrer.-673 v. Chr. Araber helfen den Assyrern bei der Eroberung Ägyptens.-440 er Jahre v. Chr. Gešem der Araber widersteht Nehemiah.-332 v. Chr. Araber in Gaza kämpfen gegen Alexander.-Um 300 v. Chr. Nabatäer siedeln sich im Süden Jordaniens an.-63 v. Chr. Eroberung Syriens und seiner Araber durch Rom.-24 v. Chr. 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Heinz Halm hat das Handbuch als Herausgeber der vierten Auflage von 2001-kurz vor den Anschlägen des elften Septemberund der fünften Auflage von 2004 weitergeführt und aktualisiert. Doch schon er musste feststellen, dass angesichts der rasanten weltpolitischen Veränderungen und ganz neuer Forschungsperspektiven, die damit einhergingen, eine Aktualisierung nur ein Notbehelf sein konnte. So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». 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Erste sabäische und minäische Schriftzeugnisse.-Um 700 v. Chr. Erste Blütezeit des Sabäerreiches.-500-200 v. Chr.-Minäer kontrollieren Handel auf der Weihrauchstraße.-110 v. Chr. Beginn der Ḥimyarischen Ära.-25/24 v. Chr. Römischer Feldzug unter Aelius Gallus.-200-230 Neue Blütezeit des Sabäer reiches.-275-300 Vereinigung des Jemen unter den Ḥimyar.-Seit 380 Monotheismus jüdischer Prägung herrscht vor.-400-440 Abukarib Asʿad dehnt Einfluss ins Zentrum der Halbinsel aus.-522-525 Josef Asʾar Yaṯʾar treibt Christen aus dem Land, Niederlage gegen die Abessinier unter Kāleb Ella Aṣbeḥā.-533-560 Abraha unterwirft weite Teile der Halbinsel.-Um 575 Sasanidische Besetzung. Irak und Syrien, das alte Nordarabien Von den vielen Arabien zum «eigentlichen» Arabien Von Michael C. A. Macdonald 853 v. Chr. Früheste Erwähnung eines «Arabers».-737-652 v. Chr. Sechs arabische Königinnen kämpfen gegen die Assyrer.-673 v. Chr. Araber helfen den Assyrern bei der Eroberung Ägyptens.-440 er Jahre v. Chr. Gešem der Araber widersteht Nehemiah.-332 v. Chr. Araber in Gaza kämpfen gegen Alexander.-Um 300 v. Chr. Nabatäer siedeln sich im Süden Jordaniens an.-63 v. Chr. Eroberung Syriens und seiner Araber durch Rom.-24 v. Chr. Invasion Südarabiens durch Aelius Gallus.-106 n. Chr. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-124417378-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87985652"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87985652/Zum_%C3%A4thiopischen_Lexikon_magwan%C7%9Dpt_Nageleisen_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Zum äthiopischen Lexikon: magwanǝpt – “Nageleisen”" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92061029/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87985652/Zum_%C3%A4thiopischen_Lexikon_magwan%C7%9Dpt_Nageleisen_">Zum äthiopischen Lexikon: magwanǝpt – “Nageleisen”</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Aethiopica</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9837eb935218a4def926ccfa710c017e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92061029,"asset_id":87985652,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92061029/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87985652"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87985652"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87985652; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-87985652-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84308074"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84308074/South_Arabian_zab%C5%ABr_script_in_the_Gulf_some_recent_discoveries_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of South Arabian zabūr script in the Gulf: some recent discoveries from Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89375954/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84308074/South_Arabian_zab%C5%ABr_script_in_the_Gulf_some_recent_discoveries_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_">South Arabian zabūr script in the Gulf: some recent discoveries from Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While the so-called Hasaitic script in the Gulf region has long been understood as being an influ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While the so-called Hasaitic script in the Gulf region has long been understood as being an influence from South Arabia, the actual reason for, and the way of, adapting the Ancient South Arabian script in that region has remained a matter of dispute. Recent finds from Mleiha may now contribute to clarify this picture. The two objects, a small tablet of silver and the fragment of an amphora, are inscribed with a script that is neither Hasaitic in its common form (i.e. a close relative of the Ancient South Arabian monumental or musnad script) nor Aramaic, but rather a derivative of the socalled minuscule script or zab ur from Ancient South Arabia. The discovery of this script, which was used for everyday correspondence in ancient Yemen, is thus far unparalleled in the Gulf region. The paper provides a first decipherment and interpretation of the two inscriptions and draws some preliminary conclusions on the development of writing in the region.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b18c7c185d2d79e8a576e26ac330c653" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89375954,"asset_id":84308074,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89375954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84308074"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84308074"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84308074; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84308074]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84308074]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84308074; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84308074']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b18c7c185d2d79e8a576e26ac330c653" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84308074]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84308074,"title":"South Arabian zabūr script in the Gulf: some recent discoveries from Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","ai_title_tag":"Discovering South Arabian Zabūr Script in Mleiha, UAE","grobid_abstract":"While the so-called Hasaitic script in the Gulf region has long been understood as being an influence from South Arabia, the actual reason for, and the way of, adapting the Ancient South Arabian script in that region has remained a matter of dispute. 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Prior to...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Thus the newly discovered inscription provides the oldest reference to the name of Uman. Prior to this discovery, the oldest references to the name were in classical sources from the 1st century CE. In terms of activities and events carried out by the local archaeology team, the concentration of efforts was fully dedicated to the undertaking of maintenance, restoration and reconstruction of monuments and artefacts for the purpose of rehabilitation in connection with the opening of the Mleiha Archaeological Centre.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-80671735-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-80671735-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328275/figure-4-trench-western-excavation-northern-and-left-eastern"><img alt="Fig. 4. Trench 1 western excavation. Northern and (left) eastern profile (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328215/figure-1-site-suhailah-view-from-the-west-left-and-the-east"><img alt="Fig. 1. Site Suhailah 1. View from the west (left) and the east (right). Chert outcrops to the left and the right mark the north south extent of the site, while the western and eastern limits are represented by the excavation in the foreground and the car in the background (left). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329278/figure-4-the-lime-slab-with-funerary-inscription-from-tomb"><img alt="Fig. 4. The lime slab with funerary inscription from Tomb FS. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_092.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328228/figure-2-trench-natural-surface-of-excavated-parts-in-the"><img alt="Fig.2. Trench 1, natural surface of excavated parts in the west (left) and east (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328255/figure-4-similar-to-the-eastern-part-in-trench-we-excavated"><img alt="Similar to the eastern part in trench 1, we excavated to a depth of | m in the western part during four days (Fig. 4). In contrast to the other part, however, we continued excavating for two " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329295/figure-93-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_093.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327912/figure-1-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327917/figure-2-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327947/figure-3-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327971/figure-1-had-been-unexpectedly-discovered-within-date-palm"><img alt="had been unexpectedly discovered within a date palm orchard and then excavated in 1998 (Jasim 2003). We were looking for any traces of more Umm an-Nar tombs, or perhaps even a settlement belonging to that period. Our attention was initially drawn to what seemed to be construction relics; of particular interest were small stone ashlars of a type known to have been used in the construction of Umm an-Nar tombs. A limited campaign of excavations commenced Jebel Faya, comprised of lime stone ridges, is located at a distance of approximately 50km to the east of the town of Sharjah; west of the Hajar mountains and in close proximity to Jebel Mleiha’s “Fossil Rock” (Fig. 1). on April 13th 2005 and resulted in the discovery of three Bronze Age tombs within close proximity of each other (Fig. 2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327989/figure-2-plan-showing-the-distribution-of-the-bronze-age"><img alt="Fig 2: A plan showing the distribution of the Bronze Age tombs on the foot hill of Jebel Faye The tomb appears to have been heavily looted and plundered in antiquity. A very small amount of fragmented bones were found, but the size and quality of this sample renders it of very limited value for study. Unearthed artefacts included bronze fragments and a small collection of various beads which are presumably part of a necklace. Little quantity of Wadi Suq potsherds were present. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328006/figure-3-view-of-tomb-fay-ne-along-the-foothill-of-jebel"><img alt="Fig 3: View of tomb FAY NE 20 along the foothill of Jebel Faya Fig 4: FAY NE 20 at the beginning of excavation, showing the presence of ashlars outside " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328031/figure-7-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328056/figure-6-tomb-fay-ne-after-excavation-showing-the-entrance"><img alt="Fig 6: Tomb FAY NE 20 after excavation, showing the entrance (looking north) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328070/figure-7-view-of-umm-al-nar-tomb-showing-the-plinth-the-ring"><img alt="Fig 7: A view of Umm al-Nar tomb showing the plinth, the ring wall and the central partition wa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328082/figure-10-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328100/figure-11-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328109/figure-15-tomb-fay-ne-after-excavation-looking-west"><img alt="Figure 15: Tomb FAY NE 22 after excavation (looking west) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328117/figure-13-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328130/figure-14-university-of-tiibingen-dep-of-early-prehistory"><img alt="University of Tiibingen, Dep. of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Burgsteige 11, D-72070 Tiibingen, Germany " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328136/figure-1-trenches-at-site-fay-ne-dark-gray-area-east-of-was"><img alt="Fig. 1. Trenches at site FAY-NE1. Dark gray area east of 37 was intended to excavate in 2014, but not realized due to local conditions; red hatched area: extension of trench 37 realized this year. Shown in red areas of excavation activity in 2014, note the new trench 46 connecting trenches 24 and 9. our field work, which enabled the removal of about 20 to 35 cm of sediments in trenches 24 and 38 in addition to about 100 cm in trench 37. We reached bedrock in the entire area of trench 24, in the eastern half of trench 38 and in all parts of trench 37, except a small area of about 30 x 20 cm in the north of this trench. The extension area of trench 37 was 11 workmen from the department provided significant support of " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328146/figure-16-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328153/figure-2-distribution-of-geological-horizons-ghs"><img alt="Fig. 2. Distribution of geological horizons (GHs), archaeological horizons (AHs) and lithic artifacts in trenches 38 and 24 at the end of the 2014 campaign. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328158/figure-3-trench-at-the-end-of-the-field-season-excavation"><img alt="Fig. 3. Trench 24 at the end of the 2014 field season. Excavation exposed bedrock in the entire area. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328162/figure-19-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328169/figure-8-suhailah-overview-trench-left-excavated-profile"><img alt="Fig 8. Suhailah. Overview trench 1 (left), excavated profile (right). Fig. 7. Potential location of two floor props to prevent the blocks from falling into trench 38. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328185/figure-1-with-the-definition-of-ah-vii-in-renches-and-the"><img alt="With the definition of AH VII in renches 24 and 38, the archaeological sequence diverges significantly from he sequence established on_ the errace. To draw conclusions about the elationship between both sequences. ve would need to connect trench 24 vith trench 9 further east. On day en of the excavation we thus began © remove sediments from the area yetween trench 24 and 9 (Fig. 1). Work lere was conducted in the new trench 16 (Fig. 5). Of those GHs defined for yur excavation only GH 5 and deeper -an be identified in trench 46, because ull other GHs occur behind the big Fig. 6. Protective installations in trench 42 (left) and trench 37 (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328204/figure-22-university-of-tiibingen-dept-of-early-prehistory"><img alt="University of Tiibingen, Dept. of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Burgsteige 11, 72070 Tiibingen, Germany " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328300/figure-5-trench-western-excavation-in-front-cleaned-surface"><img alt="Fig. 5. Trench 1. Western excavation in front cleaned surface of the northern part in the center " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328312/figure-6-trench-surface-of-gh-left-during-excavation-right"><img alt="Fig.6. Trench 2. Surface of GH1 (left), during excavation (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328323/figure-7-test-pit-southwest-of-suhailah-the-artifact-bearing"><img alt="Fig. 7. Test pit southwest of Suhailah 1. The artifact bearing surface to the left was not discovered in our test pit. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328347/figure-8-systematic-collection-of-artifacts-from-the-surface"><img alt="Fig. 8. Systematic collection of artifacts from the surface in Suhailah I (left), labeling of all collected artifacts in the lab (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328364/figure-31-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328378/figure-13-collecting-lithic-artifacts-from-circle-with"><img alt="Fig. 13. Collecting lithic artifacts from circle with a diameter of 5 m. Green rope indicating the diameter, hammer located at the center. so far not excavated area in trench 1 (Fig. 5). Due to the limited time available this year, we decided not to start excavation to leave this work for next year when it should be possible to reach the necessary depth in the 8x1 m area. Given the importance of stratified assemblages, from the Lower Paleolithic in particular, we decided to test another area within Suhailah 1 despite the fact that our work in trench | revealed no artifact bearing horizon below the surface. We identified a potentially interesting area downhill in the western part of the site. Here the chert outcrop might have protected deposits from erosion. The observation of comparably few artifacts were lying on the surface was an additional argument to start a small The majority is about 6 cm in size. 3H 3a is the currently deepest layer n our excavation at Suhailah. The nost obvious difference to GH 3a is he significantly increased hardening yf the sediments, which are reddish yellow (7.5 YR 6/8) in color. Matrix ind clast characteristics remain elative similar to GH 3a. At the end yf the 2015 season, GH 3a reached a lepth of about 42cm. test excavation in an area of 2x1 m (Fig. 6). After two days of work we stopped the excavation at a depth of about 30 cm. We found lithic artifacts in all spits, although in decreasing numbers. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328388/figure-15-aukaida-region-handaxe-left-site-overview-right-in"><img alt="Fig. 15. Aukaida region. Handaxe (left), site overview (right). in Shuhailah are no isolated finds but part of an assemblage. To gain further details about the lithic typo-technology we started collecting all finds from the surface at Suhailah!. During two days of systematic collecting, we assembled 986 artifacts (Fig. 8). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328395/figure-14-sampled-profile-with-lake-sediments-at-jebel"><img alt="Fig. 14. Sampled profile with lake sediments at Jebel Aqabah (N 25.03809°, E 55.80619°). Similar to previous years, we conducted surveys in the region. Our own focus laid on the sediments of the paleolake Aqabah (Parton, et al., 2010). These lake sediments provide a rare opportunity to increase our knowledge about paleoenvironmental conditions. We collected six sediment samples from three locations; including a profile (Fig. 14) potentially used by Parton et (25° 5°33 44”°N, 55°59’0.98”E). The artifact assemblage seemed represent one period and lacks obvious signs for admixture. Given that artifacts usually occur within scatters of large extent, this site provides a unique opportunity to study an undisturbed assemblage potentially from _ the Middle Pleistocene. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328411/figure-35-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328431/figure-1-drone-photography-of-graveyard-area-av-with-the"><img alt="Fig. 1. Drone photography of graveyard area AV with the zones excavated by the Belgian team. During the previous excavation season in 2013, the Belgian expedition made a Ground Penetrating Radar Survey at area AV along the eastern rim of Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE) during which a series of monumental tombs were located. The 2014 stay at Mleiha was mainly a study-campaign in view of future publications. However, during two weeks, a _ small team continued the excavations of two monumental tombs that were started the previous year. Both tombs were A Belgian Archaeological Expedition is working since 2009 at Mleiha in the Emirate of Sharjah (United Arab Emirates) in close collaboration with Sharjah’s Directorate of Antiquities!, During these first five years a large surface with 7 monumental tombs and 4 more modest pit graves (zone P) was excavated on the eastern fringes of the site (Area AV°). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328438/figure-2-the-belgian-field-team-and-two-of-our-trusted-local"><img alt="Fig. 2. The 2014 Belgian field team and two of our trusted local workmen. From left to rigth: Galparosh Khan (Sharjah workman), Dr. Bruno Overlae (director) handling the drone for aerial photography, Prof. Em. Dr. Ernie Haerinck (senior archaeologist), Laurence Van Goethem and Bart Depre (archaeologists), Hubert Steenbeke and Martine Coppejans (architectural reconstructions) and Ali Badr (Sharjah workman). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328448/figure-3-the-excavated-zones-in-area-av-top-and-their"><img alt="Fig. 3. The excavated zones in area AV (top) and their position on the relief map of the surface covered by the Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of 201 (bottom left; after Verdonck et al. 2014). A detail of the GPR results showing the monumental tombs and an aerial view of the two tombs at the beginnin of the 2014 excavations are shown on the right. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328460/figure-4-general-plan-of-the-squares-with-tombs-left-and"><img alt="Fig. 4. General plan of the squares with tombs Z1 (left) and Z2 (right). Crucial finds from the sub-surface layer were two stamped Rhodian amphora handles. One was found in the southeastern quarter of square B, the other near the southwestern corner of tomb Z1. Amphora sherds found in the grave pit of tomb Z1 join to sherds that were found scattered in the surface layer of both squares, which could suggest they all may belong to one and the same amphora, once deposited in tomb Z1. Rhodian amphorae were stamped on_ both handles. One bears the name of the eponym, the yearly elected official, preceded by the Greek preposition Ihe stamp of square B mentions the official Agemachos and the Rhodiar month Dalios in the genitive Agemachos can be quite accurately dated ca. 181 — 179 BCE®. The fabricant’s stamp is only partially preserved, but can be reconstructec as Diskos. Indeed, since before the ending of the name in the genitive | kou there is only space left for some letters this name has to be very shor and [Dis]kou is the only candidate that fits for the reconstruction. The fabricant Diskos II (there exists < homonym who has to be dated earlie: and who is always associated witk a Rhodian month) is_ well-knowr from the famous Villanova deposi on the island of Rhodes where he is associated on several complete amphorae with four eponyms datec " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328470/figure-5-tombs-left-view-from-the-north-and-right-view-from"><img alt="Fig. 5. Tombs Z1 (left, view from the North) and Z2 (right, view from the South) after the clearin; of the sub-surface layer. Left: handle with stamp from Diskos I; centre: wall fragments from tomb Z1 and the disturbed sub- surface layer in square ZB; right: handle with stamp of Agemachos. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328480/figure-41-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328492/figure-7-finds-from-the-sub-surface-layer-of-zone-gold-bead"><img alt="Fig. 7. Finds from the sub-surface layer of zone Z: Gold bead (top left), fragment of a beehive shaped stone vessel and fragment of a glazed amphora handle (bottom right) compared to a complete example from the 2013 zone QB excavations (bottom left). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328497/figure-8-the-grave-pit-was-dug-in-the-solid-underground-that"><img alt="The grave pit was dug in the solid underground that must have been just close beneath the sandy surface layer. It consisted of a compacted gravel layer on top of a thick layer of marl. The rim of the grave pit is well delineated by this gravel layer and easy to recognise. It measures ca. 1.35 by 0.65 metre. On the plan in fig. 8, it is indicated with a red dotted line. The grave pit itself bellowed out to a more rounded shape measuring 1.45 by 0.80 metre at its widest point. The complete section in fig. 8 is taken just left of the grave pit’s upper rim but still cuts through the lower part (black line on the plan). The alluvial compacted Fig. 8. Plan and sections of Tomb Z1. gravel layer is of uneven thicknes and is not present everywhere in th sraveyard area. Its variation can als be seen in the section of tomb Z1 Measured from the average top of th gravel layer, the grave pit is about — to 1.05 metre deep. The excavation of similar tombs showed that th grave pit was traditionally covere with wooden beams, sometime: sealed with plaster, on which mu bricks were placed. There were ni traces of wooden beams preservec in the case of tomb Z1. Beams wer usually placed on top of the grave layer which explains why more of th sand around the grave pit had to b removed. The grave builders often du; out a large area that was later filled i again with sand and levelled to buil the monument’s mud brick uppe structure on. The first two layers o mud bricks formed a sort of platforn on which the square tower itself wa placed. Depending on the level of th " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328507/figure-10-plan-and-section-of-tomb-finds-from-tomb-an"><img alt="Fig. 10. Plan and section of Tomb 22. Fig. 9. Finds from tomb Z1: an alabastron, a gold spacer bead and iron weaponry. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328530/figure-45-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328546/figure-1-nar-type-tombs-the-largest-occupation-of-site"><img alt="Nar type tombs (fig. 1). The largest occupation of i site, however, dates from pe ant century BCE to the mid-3"4 century AD, when it was apparently the only inland site of importance in Southeast-Arabia. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328559/figure-1-google-earth-view-of-the-eastern-part-of-mleiha"><img alt="Fig. 1. Google Earth view of the eastern part of Mleiha with the location Fig. 2. Mound AI after the completion of the 2012 excavations. The smalle of the Belgian excavations (red), fort CW, fortified building H and mound AJ is visible in the background. graveyards. Our current views suggest the PIR A phase, a period with strong international trade activities at Mleiha, starts in the first half of the gi century BCE and ends around Mleiha has a long occupation history dating back to at least the third millennium BCE, as documented by three monumental Umm-an PL VMUMOLTOU SIAL LAINE WOLNK LOL Southeast-Arabia and Mleiha for this period was first proposed by Michel Mouton. It distinguished four periods within the “Pré- Islamique Récent” or PIR time frame for the Oman peninsula, roughly equivalent to the Hellenistic, Parthian and early Sasanian periods in the remainder of the Near East. Their exact chronology, defined in Mouton’s PhD in 1992 (Mouton 1999; 2008: 22-35), was later revised (Cuny & Mouton 2009; Mouton 2010: 276 lowers PIR D some 75 years) but their exact chronolosv and sienificance is still " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328577/figure-48-vee-ee-pea-ee-ee-to-be-considered-as-transition"><img alt="Vee A 2 ee a Pea ee ee to be considered as a transition phase between the economically prosperous phases A and C; as such without a specific set of distinct diagnostic pottery but rather recognisable through the absence of archaeological data. The PIR C phase, from the end of the haa century BCE to the first half of the gue century AD, is a time of strong he middle of the 2"° century BCE with the onse of a severe and srolonged economic downturn. Long distance rade activities may rave largely or even completely ralted during t 3 phase which he transitional PIR lasts the remainder of the gnd cen ury BCE and most of the 1°" century BCE. It is visible n the poor archaeological records ull along the Arabian coast of the s B. Overlaet, E. Haerinck, P. Pincé, B. De Prez, L. Van Goethem & A. Timmerman: The 2009 & 2012 Belgian Excavations of Mound AI at Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E.) — Structures and Finds, (forthcoming). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328589/figure-49-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-common-and-medium"><img alt="Pl. 1. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian common and medium coarse ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328603/figure-50-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_050.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328618/figure-51-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_051.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328644/figure-52-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-coarse-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 4. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian coarse (no. 1-3) and cooking ware (no. 4-5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_052.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328692/figure-53-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 5. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse ware with orange/red to plum slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_053.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328697/figure-54-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-common-medium-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 6. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian common, medium coarse and coarse ware with orange/red to plur slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_054.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328706/figure-55-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 7. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse ware with a grey to dark grey/black slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_055.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328716/figure-56-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-painted-common-and"><img alt="Pl. 8. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian painted common and painted coarse ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_056.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328725/figure-57-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_057.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328731/figure-58-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazed-ware-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 10. PIR A - South-Mesopotamian glazed ware (no. 1-2) and eggshell ware (no. 3); and PIR A wares of uncertain provenance (no. 4: grey ware and no. 5 coarse sherd with chrysotile astemper). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_058.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328736/figure-59-pl-pir-southeast-iranian-wares-fine-light-red-no"><img alt="Pl. 11. PIR A - Southeast-Iranian wares: fine light red (no. 1-2) or light brown burnished wares (no. 3-4 and fine orange (no. 5) to red painted (no.6)pottery. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_059.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328783/figure-60-pl-pir-greek-wares-black-glazed-sherd-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 12. PIR A - Greek wares: black glazed sherd (no. 1) and fragments of Rhodian amphorae (no. 2-5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_060.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328791/figure-61-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-common-wares-common"><img alt="Pl. 13. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian common wares: common/medium fine vegetal orange ware and mediun fine buff wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_061.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328804/figure-62-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 14. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse buff/orange ware with an orange/red slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_062.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328822/figure-63-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-wares-no-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 15. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian wares: no. 1-4, medium coarse to coarse buff/orange ware with ar orange/red slip; no. 5-9, with purplish/black slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_063.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328836/figure-64-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 16. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_064.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328844/figure-65-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_065.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328857/figure-66-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_066.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328871/figure-67-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 19. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_067.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328884/figure-68-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 20. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_068.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328896/figure-69-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 21. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_069.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328900/figure-70-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 22. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_070.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328912/figure-71-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-thick-coarse-black-ware"><img alt="Pl. 23. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian thick coarse black ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_071.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328916/figure-72-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_072.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328944/figure-73-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_073.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328965/figure-74-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazedware"><img alt="Pl. 26. PIR C - South-Mesopotamian glazedware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_074.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328982/figure-75-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_075.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329008/figure-76-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazedware"><img alt="Pl. 28. PIR C - South-Mesopotamian glazedware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_076.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329024/figure-77-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_077.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329036/figure-78-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_078.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329044/figure-79-pl-pir-southeast-iranian-painted-wares-early"><img alt="Pl. 31. PIR C - Southeast-Iranian painted wares (early Namord ware). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_079.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329065/figure-80-bruno-overlaet-royal-museums-of-art-and-history"><img alt="> Bruno OVERLAET'! (Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels) elements. In the last few years, many archaeological expeditions have resorted with more or less success to the use of low budget drones fitted with a lightweight camera. Commonly reported problems are. however, the limited flight time due to battery capacity, the low quality photography and particularly the inability to use the drone in anything but very light winds. to handle. This brings them in the scope of field archaeologists who can use them for oblique overviews of excavations, vertical photography in view of mapping and measuring and for surveying. The advantages of a high viewpoint to better appreciate a site’s setting within the landscape are beyond discussion. Aerial photography is a_ well-established niche in the surveying techniques but often remained too expensive or cumbersome (scaffolds and cameras attached to kites or hot air/helium balloons) to be used systematically. Photography from aeroplanes or helicopters can be useful whenever available but are generally too costly. Satellite photography has more and more been exploited in the last decennium and has lead to important discoveries but is rarely suited to recognise smaller or discrete archaeological structures or landscape " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_080.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329079/figure-1-the-drone-mounted-on-backpack-during-the-ascent-of"><img alt="Fig. 1. The drone mounted on a backpack during the ascent of the Jebel Fayah (left) and use of the drone at the excavations at Mleiha (right). After scrutinizing the specifications of the low end drones on the market, the Belgian archaeological expedition at Mleiha of the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels, decided to start from a standard version of a “DJI — Phantom 2” quadcopter mounted with a GoPro action camera Hero 3+ on a damped 2D gimbal for maximum photo stability. The camera can be tilted using the remote controller (2.4 GHz) between a horizontal and vertical position. Several build in Over the last few years there nas been a growing availability of drones, not only for commercial use but also for recreational purposes. Whereas commercial drones remain expensive (from about 12.000 Euro upwards) and demand a skilled and well trained pilot, often seconded by a wingman to operate the camera, the low budget recreational drones are fitted with lightweight “action cameras” and are generally easy " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_081.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329088/figure-2-subtle-shadow-marks-of-very-low-mounds-with"><img alt="Fig. 2. Subtle shadow marks of very low mounds with monumental tombs in area AV. On the right the archaeologically virgin wadi area, in the foreground the dry bed of a shallow brook. The oblique view emphasises the effect of the shadows. The drone is kept in a custom made protective case at the excavation site and can be made ready for flight within minutes. It can thus be used on the spot without delaying any of the on-going activities. For surveys in areas that cannot be reached by car. it is mounted on a backpack. Flying time in normal wind conditions is about 25 minutes per battery pack but can be significantly reduced when flying in strong winds. With a single back-up battery pack, 30 to 40 inis commercially available configuration was extended with an “On Screen Display” module (iOSD- mini) that streams the camera view to a monitor on the remote controller. The monitor also displays technical and navigational data such as real time battery voltage, horizontal and vertical velocity, orientation, control mode (standard GPS) and the distance and height from the take-off point. The iOSD works on 5.8 GHz and has a range of about 350 meter. This makes this configuration suitable for low altitude aerial surveys (below 50 meter) inaccordance with aeronautical regulations. The relativelysmall drone necessitates video piloting (FPY, First-PersonView) via the monitor abcess, ‘nem ec ie ee el ie. On the excavations, the drone was used to make both oblique and vertical photographs and to survey the surrounding areas. In the specific context of the wadi plain the ideal moment was shortly after sunrise when the lowest relief produces strong shadow marks. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_082.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329101/figure-83-ue-sulvey-was-dil-dita-ol-uo-wesst-flank-where"><img alt="Ue SULVEY Was dil dita Ol UO WESst flank where a square shape was noted in Google Earth at an altitude of 313 meter (25°06’09.36” N —- 55°50’04.80” E), i.e. about 150 meter above the Mleiha plain and about 80 meter below the highest point of the Jebel Fayah. Since the location was horizontally about 700 meter from the base of the mountain, the drone was mounted on a backpack and we were guided by Eisa Yousif of Sharjah’s Department of Antiquities to the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_083.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329127/figure-3-two-stone-enclosures-probably-musallah-on-the-jebel"><img alt="Fig. 3. Two stone enclosures, probably musallah, on the Jebel Fayah. The line across the mountain ridge indicates the direction of Mecca. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_084.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329149/figure-85-relation-to-the-graveyard-remains-to-be"><img alt="relation to the graveyard remains to be established. with scattered ceramics around them. Dating monuments such as_ these musallah is rarely possible and at the moment there are no indications for a specific date. There are no signs of habitation or other structures around the musallah on the western flank of the Jebel Fayah. The musallah at the base of the mountain may be dJatable once excavations are made of the nearby structures, although theit " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_085.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329166/figure-86-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_086.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329187/figure-6-musallah-at-the-foot-of-the-eastern-flank-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 6. Musallah at the foot of the eastern flank of the Jebel Fayah. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_087.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329202/figure-88-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_088.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329225/figure-1-google-earth-image-of-mleiha-with-indication-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 1. Google Earth image of Mleiha with indication of the graveyards and monuments discussed in the paper. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_089.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329247/figure-2-the-four-area-tombs-excavated-in-view-towards-the"><img alt="Fig. 2. The four area F tombs excavated in 1986-89 (view towards the SE, photo December 2014). More tombs are located in the now deserted area in front of the road, in the remaining palm gardens to the right and in the green fields in the distance. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_090.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329266/figure-3-the-french-excavations-tomb-is-indicated-in-yellow"><img alt="Fig. 3. The 1986-89 French excavations. Tomb F°5 is indicated in yellow. The pit in the NW corner of the excavated area may have been a small grave. now labelled Tombs Fl to F5 (originally P.207, P.208, P.204, P.205 and P.218) are oriented with their walls to the cardinal points. The square to rectangular buildings measure between 4.5 and 5.5 m and were built with lime bricks and mud bricks on a foundation of irregular rocks. A large amount of lime bricks, including stepped crenelations were found around the structures. A mud brick floor (about 0.80 to 1.00 m thick) was present inside the building. The entrance into this superstructure could not be located since only its base was preserved. However, at least 4 of them had a rectangular platform of approximately 1.2 x 0.8 m (missing or destroyed at T.F3) on the North side. In two cases this was built on top of the entrance passage to the underground chambers. These plastered platforms were considered by the excavators to be “offering platforms” and to be an innovation of the PIR B period (Mouton 2008: SO 80 BFA LAtintee 0 6K COR re “tomb F5”) belongs to a group that was explored by the French expedition as a part of a project to define the general character of the site, its timeframe and its geographic extension. This project took place at a time when archaeology in the UAE was still in its infancy. The area was in use for agriculture and had been flattened with a bulldozer. This had disturbed the upper architectural remains of the tombs and had brought large rocks and bricks to the surface. Although this had indicated the presence of the structures, it had also severely damaged them and this complicated their early interpretation. First thought to have been water reservoirs and water channels, they were, however, soon recognised for what they were, constructions on top of burial chambers, separated by narrow passages. Fig. 3 and Plate | document the situation at the end of the French excavations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_091.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329374/figure-94-pl-finds-made-during-the-excavations-at-area-after"><img alt="Pl. 2. Finds made during the 1986-89 excavations at Area F (after Mouton 2008). 1. Gold tubular bead; 2 Silver spout from bowl in the shape of a horse protome; 3. Female bust applique; 4. Bronze bowl; 5. Glas: vessel; 6 Soft-stone beehive shaped container; 7-8. Stamped Rhodian amphora handles; 9. Amphora shaps reconstructed from various vessels; 10-11. Perforated vessels dug in near Tombs F3 and 4, supposedly fo libations; 12. Storage vessel from tomb F2. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_094.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329393/figure-95-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 3. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.01 (top) and 2015.12.02 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_095.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329404/figure-96-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 4. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.08 (top) and 2015.12.11 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_096.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329411/figure-97-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 5. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.15 (top) and 2015.12.17 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_097.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329421/figure-98-pl-superstructure-of-tomb-view-from-the-south-with"><img alt="Pl. 6. Superstructure of Tomb F5: a. View from the South with the West wall and mud brick floor in situ. b. Displaced lower layer of lime bricks from the South wall. c. SW-corner with lime brick in situ, note the plaster on the inside of the building. d. Displaced layers of lime bricks of the South wall. e. Lime brick stepped crenelation found at the base of the South wall. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_098.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329425/figure-99-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_099.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329435/figure-100-pl-view-of-the-excavation-of-the-northern-burial"><img alt="Pl. 8. View of the excavation of the Northern burial chamber with the lime slab in situ (the funerary inscription is on the back) and removal of the slab. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_100.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329466/figure-2-architecture-in-trench-map-of-the-trenches-in-the"><img alt="Fig. 2: Architecture in Trench 78 Fig. 1: Map of the trenches in the southern part of HLO1 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_101.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329478/figure-102-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_102.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329485/figure-3-neolithic-structure-in-trench-re-used-as-grave-in"><img alt="Fig. 3: Neolithic structure in Trench 75 re-used as a grave In the Wadi-Suq-Period Fig. 4: Vertical view of Trench 75 with the opening of the grave pit (A - Wadi Sug / Neolithic grave) and the western extension (below red line) opened in 2015. The Stars indicate disturbances by test-pits dug during the first season of excavations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_103.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329493/figure-104-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_104.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329504/figure-105-ig-stone-structure-with-curved-wall-in-trench"><img alt="ig. 5: Stone structure with curved wall in Trench 76 after removal of first pebble-layer " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_105.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329515/figure-6-the-curved-wall-in-trench-after-removal-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 6: The curved wall in Trench 76 after removal of the second layer of the surrounding pebble-field. Pebble concentrations inside the stone-circle are fireplaces " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_106.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329533/figure-107-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_107.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329551/figure-7-the-outside-of-the-small-oval-structure-at-the"><img alt="Fig.7: The outside of the small oval structure at the eastern end of Trench 107 Fig. 8: Vertical view of the oval structure in Trench 107 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_108.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329569/table-1-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329581/table-2-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329590/table-3-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329609/table-4-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329626/table-5-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-80671735-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5164522f44aeb6a586075562c36f92b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86976898,"asset_id":80671735,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86976898/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80671735"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80671735"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80671735; 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Prior to this discovery, the oldest references to the name were in classical sources from the 1st century CE. 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Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45210480/Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisovi%C4%8Da_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346">Correspondence in pre-Islamic Yemen. Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-45210480-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45210480-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50725053/table-1-letters-from-ancient-south-arabia-this-considerable"><img alt="Table 1: Letters from Ancient South Arabia This considerable increase of available material provides a solid basis for more general studies on typological, linguistic, social and cultural aspects that are related to these texts. Extant studies on Ancient South Arabian episto- lary formulae meanwhile date back more than ten years (Maraqten 2003, Stein 2006, and 2008)1! and therefore do not include most of the texts from the com- prehensive recent publications as mentioned above. In the present contribution, a small but important aspect shall be reconsidered in light of the new evidence: the question: how the text of a South Arabian letter was composed - by the send- er’s own hand, by literal dictation to a professional scribe, or on the basis of draft information in form of a written sketch? Of course, a clear and consistent answer to this question is not easily given, nor can it be excluded that more than one answer may apply here. 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Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_abstract":"This paper explores the characteristics of correspondence in pre-Islamic Yemen, specifically focusing on the Sabaic letters produced by professional scribes. Through the examination of newly considered texts, it reveals practices of oral dictation in letter writing, highlighting the formal structures and content of these correspondences as they relate to the social and political dynamics of the time."},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45210480/Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisovi%C4%8Da_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-02-26T08:26:39.093-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65791800,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791800/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791800/Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_-libre.pdf?1614358257=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCorrespondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=LD6Z~USGx5EXDDfWsk79rmMsxBnoBADMNzFQ-FPvBuBRRb-nqNZsdI3UeFDzTG~a-O8ahku44UEIOiFZujqb0OqGDRvxorjf0sjdDUX0kMrqr8cznY-ZWVsvjtAJj52AtR~j9gwHhohNC76mGBP5KkLGzy4dN6SpqaA7UduuEt-4hdk8rtg3QfBXglRFlIqcxrT~j18JPR0B6A8LIWgPiySBob5xnzXvAM5p6unD0wybdmNFHh~FhWTF-Vg7mJWPZA~FHjZiliQY8FVFezvVhf6wUoL7omygoHhJqRgsKbSCBgmK7yccYKhGfGjBTrdNoDmL~NKoysuWbMvnYfrYNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisoviča_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":65791800,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791800/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791800/Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_-libre.pdf?1614358257=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCorrespondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=LD6Z~USGx5EXDDfWsk79rmMsxBnoBADMNzFQ-FPvBuBRRb-nqNZsdI3UeFDzTG~a-O8ahku44UEIOiFZujqb0OqGDRvxorjf0sjdDUX0kMrqr8cznY-ZWVsvjtAJj52AtR~j9gwHhohNC76mGBP5KkLGzy4dN6SpqaA7UduuEt-4hdk8rtg3QfBXglRFlIqcxrT~j18JPR0B6A8LIWgPiySBob5xnzXvAM5p6unD0wybdmNFHh~FhWTF-Vg7mJWPZA~FHjZiliQY8FVFezvVhf6wUoL7omygoHhJqRgsKbSCBgmK7yccYKhGfGjBTrdNoDmL~NKoysuWbMvnYfrYNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":181385,"name":"Sabaic inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sabaic_inscriptions"},{"id":187884,"name":"Ancient South Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_South_Arabia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-45210480-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45209951"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209951/Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791539/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209951/Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54">Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.<br /><br />Among these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. <br /><br />Though examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b4a769a00da9000f29b1f04c775d973e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65791539,"asset_id":45209951,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791539/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45209951"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45209951"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209951; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209951]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209951]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209951; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45209951']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b4a769a00da9000f29b1f04c775d973e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45209951]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45209951,"title":"Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.\n"},"translated_abstract":"The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. 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In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.\n","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":65791539,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791539/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791539/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791539/Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract-libre.pdf?1614358262=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSemitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=FtzVZQnYuRYWhlVs-AkgjxmVrTt2QTeUpwnhLhR0uabmECI2n7i0NtRehyxFnbpdp0RevaL59e~dqwSFU4AaSJ3YPtZfrUraYPJaN-OUF5T52SCY8su1y10VXKsyHB1B~Pwx2s44IXAl1Q-zS1dBYmWjpVYiofQ92UihoXTaHw7MIX2eew2ZstSpLIjaY~az~QN2fmi-~a8PwClQlyoP0wLpS1NwcKG3tUSegiPD07srXLml5q1I~lwCpa0MvSwkcUIeDtm~6~uyRHgUvj7pNdpbLIxe7i5bZQ37YHfCBcEamWaeXINUVLMr0duuBWKq7YNdO91Bru6Ek2UkoKTI9g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages"},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":118875,"name":"Cultural history of the Ancient world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_history_of_the_Ancient_world"},{"id":247114,"name":"South Arabian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-45209951-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45209846"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209846/_together_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arabian_Zab%C5%ABr_Inscriptions_from_Maqwala_near_%E1%B9%A2an%CA%BF%C4%81%CA%BE_Yemen_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_ed_South_Arabian_Long_Distance_Trade_in_Antiquity_Out_of_Arabia_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_2021_pp_310_351"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of (together with S. Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (ed.), South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity — "Out of Arabia", Newcastle upon Tyne 2021, pp. 310–351" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791475/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209846/_together_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arabian_Zab%C5%ABr_Inscriptions_from_Maqwala_near_%E1%B9%A2an%CA%BF%C4%81%CA%BE_Yemen_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_ed_South_Arabian_Long_Distance_Trade_in_Antiquity_Out_of_Arabia_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_2021_pp_310_351">(together with S. Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (ed.), South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity — "Out of Arabia", Newcastle upon Tyne 2021, pp. 310–351</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SarahRijziger">Sarah Rijziger</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Documentary texts and correspondence from ancient Yemen, incised in wooden sticks and palm-leaf s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Documentary texts and correspondence from ancient Yemen, incised in wooden sticks and palm-leaf stalks, have been known to the scholarly world for a good forty years. Up to now, about 700 documents of this kind have been made accessible for research. Apart from a handful pieces from Raybūn in Ḥaḍramawt, however, the whole corpus known thus far appeared to originate from one single place -the ancient city of Naššān, today as-Sawdāʾ, in the Wādī al-Ǧawf. The documents there formed part of a public archive, a central office for producing and storing the written correspondence of the people living in that city. That such archives must have existed in other cities throughout Yemen as well is a matter of fact, although no material evidence could thus far be found. A couple of years ago, the first archive of this kind in the Yemeni highlands was discovered in the small settlement of Maqwala not far from Ṣanʿāʾ. Originally consisting of several hundreds of inscribed wooden sticks, a mere 200 could be saved, seven of which are documented in the present paper.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-45209846-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45209846-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313035/figure-1-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313061/figure-14-location-of-maqwala-google-maps-adapted"><img alt="Fig. 14-2: Location of Maqwala (Google maps, adapted). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313081/figure-14-satellite-map-of-the-settlement-google-maps"><img alt="Fig. 14-3: Satellite map of the settlement (Google maps, adapted): the white circle marks the location of the well on Ghasham’s estate, immediately at the north- western edge of the medieval village, which is indicated by the spotted line; the mosque with the Sabaean pillars is marked by a triangle, and the white square indicates the area which was excavated by San‘a’ University in 1997-98. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313097/figure-14-pre-islamic-foundations-still-visible-in-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-4: Pre-Islamic foundations still visible in Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313118/figure-14-the-old-mosque-with-the-re-employed-sabaic"><img alt="Fig. 14-5: The old mosque with the re-employed Sabaic inscription GI 1197. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313130/figure-14-one-of-the-gates-leading-into-the-settlement-of"><img alt="Fig. 14-6: One of the gates leading into the settlement of Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313157/figure-14-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="Fig. 14-7: Another gate. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313179/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-8: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313196/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-9: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313218/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-10: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313227/figure-11-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313241/figure-14-rocks-in-the-surroundings-of-maqwala-are-covered"><img alt="Rocks in the surroundings of Maqwala are covered with rock art and graffiti from different time periods — from the archaic to presumably quite recent times (Figs. 4-8 to 4,10). Other remains that point to an ancient occupation of the site are a couple of cisterns or reservoirs (sahdarig, sg. sahrig) with traces of lime plaster (gadad) still visible, for water storage, on the slope of a mountain to the left of the asphalted road north to the village (Fig. 14-11), and several foundations of ruins in the surroundings of the settlement. Ancient wells, of which there are said to have been dozens, can be found all around (Fig. 14-12). Although we do not yet know how Maqwala was called in antiquity,‘ " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313254/figure-13-the-south-arabian-zabir-inscriptions-from-maqwala"><img alt="The South Arabian zabir inscriptions from Maqwala " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313272/figure-14-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313281/figure-15-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313289/figure-16-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313299/figure-17-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313305/figure-18-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313316/figure-19-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313329/figure-20-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313335/figure-14-maqwala-zabir-maqwala-zabir-right-part"><img alt="Fig. 14-19a: Maqwala-zabir 7. Fig. 14-19b: Maqwala-zabir 7, right part. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313353/figure-22-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313360/figure-14-maqwala-zabiir-lines-left-part-composition-of-two"><img alt="Fig. 14-19c: Maqwala-zabiir 7, lines 5-7 (left part), composition of two detail photographs. The document lists a number of (unspecified) goods which are attributed to certain persons or clans identified by their signature at the end of each entry. An account of quite similar structure, which also exhibits some lexical parallel to the present text, is X.BSB 19. Remarkable in the present account is the observation that the seven lines start with a continuously ascending number which appears not to form part of the following text. Rather, these numerals serve for numbering the entries — from the first to the seventh — by using the cardinal numbers, not ordinals. The specific usage of the numeral in the first line (cf. the comments to line 1, below) makes clear that these numbers stand for a sequence of days on which the respective business listed thereafter was executed. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45209846-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b7408768b264b7011b293690831da0f0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65791475,"asset_id":45209846,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791475/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45209846"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45209846"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209846; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209846]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209846]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209846; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45209846']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b7408768b264b7011b293690831da0f0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45209846]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45209846,"title":"(together with S. Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (ed.), South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity — \"Out of Arabia\", Newcastle upon Tyne 2021, pp. 310–351","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Documentary texts and correspondence from ancient Yemen, incised in wooden sticks and palm-leaf stalks, have been known to the scholarly world for a good forty years. Up to now, about 700 documents of this kind have been made accessible for research. Apart from a handful pieces from Raybūn in Ḥaḍramawt, however, the whole corpus known thus far appeared to originate from one single place -the ancient city of Naššān, today as-Sawdāʾ, in the Wādī al-Ǧawf. The documents there formed part of a public archive, a central office for producing and storing the written correspondence of the people living in that city. That such archives must have existed in other cities throughout Yemen as well is a matter of fact, although no material evidence could thus far be found. A couple of years ago, the first archive of this kind in the Yemeni highlands was discovered in the small settlement of Maqwala not far from Ṣanʿāʾ. 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Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. 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Up to now, about 700 documents of this kind have been made accessible for research. Apart from a handful pieces from Raybūn in Ḥaḍramawt, however, the whole corpus known thus far appeared to originate from one single place -the ancient city of Naššān, today as-Sawdāʾ, in the Wādī al-Ǧawf. The documents there formed part of a public archive, a central office for producing and storing the written correspondence of the people living in that city. That such archives must have existed in other cities throughout Yemen as well is a matter of fact, although no material evidence could thus far be found. A couple of years ago, the first archive of this kind in the Yemeni highlands was discovered in the small settlement of Maqwala not far from Ṣanʿāʾ. Originally consisting of several hundreds of inscribed wooden sticks, a mere 200 could be saved, seven of which are documented in the present paper.","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":65791475,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791475/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Rijziger_Maqwala_2021_Latest_proof_without_correct_page_numbering.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791475/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"together_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arab.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791475/Stein_Rijziger_Maqwala_2021_Latest_proof_without_correct_page_numbering-libre.pdf?1614358278=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dtogether_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arab.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=WvJebolxCikwKNwZEAtGKr5MfDNE-V9eUQVkqlrQ~im8TopxrhTQWJUvCR432n2L3HjNfVwviqRLAnkzbtn4oSfaMiRcZF0Yu3cxDsI27JmQ6bqkeQSesxqz4ZbjmiulhjDJ4CnjnMgzxLnbt5Nq7uCb886-f3TG2TZqiU4vDHU8UqxfMpTOLLXVuS5AyQyu9d68i3INMVWAS9oq6ZDNoB6a55c5Ju0MW0qVhGQ27OvyXmpt8Qa~zWhCtMhOlOl4b8VNU6hBTE73ODj0wUxKBDXdlCH4KF7B1dkFwLwGVK7aK7J0qHMzvWOLszmnGvGvaV3MNTSqfTTcbkXBDwn6gA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":181385,"name":"Sabaic inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sabaic_inscriptions"},{"id":187884,"name":"Ancient South Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_South_Arabia"},{"id":247114,"name":"South Arabian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-45209846-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="43081214"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/43081214/The_Mleiha_Area_F_Graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_Preliminary_Report_on_the_2015_Belgian_Excavations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Mleiha Area F Graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.). Preliminary Report on the 2015 Belgian Excavations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63336011/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43081214/The_Mleiha_Area_F_Graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_Preliminary_Report_on_the_2015_Belgian_Excavations">The Mleiha Area F Graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.). Preliminary Report on the 2015 Belgian Excavations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://kmkg-mrah.academia.edu/BrunoOverlaet">Bruno Overlaet</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LaurenceVanGoethem">Laurence Van Goethem</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BartDePrez">Bart De Prez</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annual Sharjah Archaeology 15</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Area F is situated in the SouthWestern part of Mleiha. Four monumental tombs had been excavated a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Area F is situated in the SouthWestern part of Mleiha. Four monumental tombs had been excavated and a fifth had been located but not excavated by a French expedition in 1986-89. Excavations on this 5th tomb were started and exploratory trenches were opened in 2015 by the Belgian team. The first results indicate the tomb was decorated with stepped crenelated lime bricks and had two connected underground burial chambers. A unique bilingual funerary inscription in Ancient South Arabic script and Aramaic from the late 3 rd century BCE identifies the owner as a functionary in the service of the king of Oman.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32c383eb28f6fae3feceb5435bb0855e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":63336011,"asset_id":43081214,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63336011/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43081214"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43081214"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43081214; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43081214]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43081214]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43081214; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43081214']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32c383eb28f6fae3feceb5435bb0855e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43081214]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43081214,"title":"The Mleiha Area F Graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.). 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The collection contains ca. 3,300 objects from the ancient Near East, mostly from the Mesopotamian city of Nippur. The papers discuss the history of the collection and its founder, Hermann Volrath Hilprecht, and include a paper on the origin of the Old Assyrian tablets that also ended up in Jena. Other studies investigate the archaeology of Nippur and its ancient archives. New cuneiform material from Nippur, currently held in the Istanbul museums and relevant to the Hilprecht Collection, is presented. The volume additionally contains a number of miscellaneous articles on the Akkadian language. As the colloquium was held in honour of its curator, Manfred Krebernik, the volume begins with his bibliography and a short sketch of his personality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="201c3d884fb27e9fa56cf41214d34c02" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108906403,"asset_id":111337683,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108906403/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="111337683"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="111337683"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 111337683; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=111337683]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=111337683]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 111337683; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='111337683']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "201c3d884fb27e9fa56cf41214d34c02" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=111337683]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":111337683,"title":"The Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities: Essays dedicated to Manfred Krebernik during the Colloquium Held on March 17–18, 2022 at Friedrich Schiller University Jena (TOC)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"14","abstract":"This volume contains thirteen papers that were presented during the Jena Colloquium on the Frau Professor Hilprecht collection held on March 17–18, 2022, at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena. 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Band 2. Die altsabäischen und minäischen Inschriften. Mit einem Anhang: Unbeschriftete Objekte und Fälschungen, Wiesbaden 2023 (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel 10)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102669132/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102383971/Die_alts%C3%BCdarabischen_Minuskelinschriften_auf_Holzst%C3%A4bchen_aus_der_Bayerischen_Staatsbibliothek_in_M%C3%BCnchen_Band_2_Die_altsab%C3%A4ischen_und_min%C3%A4ischen_Inschriften_Mit_einem_Anhang_Unbeschriftete_Objekte_und_F%C3%A4lschungen_Wiesbaden_2023_Epigraphische_Forschungen_auf_der_Arabischen_Halbinsel_10_">Die altsüdarabischen Minuskelinschriften auf Holzstäbchen aus der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek in München. Band 2. Die altsabäischen und minäischen Inschriften. Mit einem Anhang: Unbeschriftete Objekte und Fälschungen, Wiesbaden 2023 (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel 10)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The texts carved in wooden sticks from Ancient Yemen comprise legal and business documents, corre...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The texts carved in wooden sticks from Ancient Yemen comprise legal and business documents, correspondence by letter as well as records from religious practice and school exercises. These texts provide unique glimpses of daily life in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula in pre-Islamic times. 180 of these documents, written in the Sabaic and Minaic languages during the 1st millennium BCE, are published and philologically analysed here for the first time. By this volume, the edition of the inscribed wooden sticks from the collection of the Bavarian State Library in Munich has been brought to completion.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="edb9cb0df56548acc7466d869b0b0fb5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102669132,"asset_id":102383971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102669132/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102383971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102383971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102383971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102383971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102383971]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102383971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102383971']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "edb9cb0df56548acc7466d869b0b0fb5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102383971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102383971,"title":"Die altsüdarabischen Minuskelinschriften auf Holzstäbchen aus der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek in München. 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Jüdisches Schrifttum aus fünf Jahrhunderten in der Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85808722/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/63119138/Tora_Talmud_Tefillot_J%C3%BCdisches_Schrifttum_aus_f%C3%BCnf_Jahrhunderten_in_der_Th%C3%BCringer_Universit%C3%A4ts_und_Landesbibliothek_Jena">Tora, Talmud, Tefillot. Jüdisches Schrifttum aus fünf Jahrhunderten in der Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Die Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek (ThULB) Jena verfügt über einen Bestand von mehr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Die Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek (ThULB) Jena verfügt über einen Bestand von mehr als 1000 Titeln jüdischer (oder mit dem Judentum eng verbundener) Werke des 13.–19. Jh. Dazu gehören frühneuzeitliche Drucke von Bibeln und rabbinischen Standardwerken ebenso wie literarische Schöpfungen in jiddischer Sprache oder mittelalterliche Handschriften zur Sprachwissenschaft und Philosophie, die hier zum ersten Mal in einem umfassenden Querschnitt der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt werden. <br /><br />Die Bücher erzählen beispielhaft vom Schicksal jüdischer Autoren und Verleger und zeugen vom regen geistigen Austausch zwischen Juden, Christen und Muslimen in einem grenzenlosen Europa von Gibraltar bis zum Bosporus, vom Hohen Mittelalter bis in die Zeit der Frühaufklärung. Zugleich geben die Bestände einen repräsentativen Einblick in die zentralen Schriften des Judentums wie TaNaKH, Mischna oder Talmud, aber auch weniger bekannte Gattungen wie die mittelalterliche jüdische Grammatik und Philosophie oder frühe Werke der jiddischen Literatur.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b6ed0681f487213826d82d203865482" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":85808722,"asset_id":63119138,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85808722/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="63119138"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63119138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63119138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63119138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63119138]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63119138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='63119138']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2b6ed0681f487213826d82d203865482" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=63119138]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":63119138,"title":"Tora, Talmud, Tefillot. 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Zugleich geben die Bestände einen repräsentativen Einblick in die zentralen Schriften des Judentums wie TaNaKH, Mischna oder Talmud, aber auch weniger bekannte Gattungen wie die mittelalterliche jüdische Grammatik und Philosophie oder frühe Werke der jiddischen Literatur.\n","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":85808722,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85808722/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"TTT_final_reduziert.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85808722/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Tora_Talmud_Tefillot_Judisches_Schrifttu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/85808722/TTT_final_reduziert-libre.pdf?1652188832=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTora_Talmud_Tefillot_Judisches_Schrifttu.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=UL9nlzGe9KGdTTwNii7d317zdkb3KzXpxt7ZzlMZt8R3v8gfexHjFcBNV9HPSbFQ6j3CxsIpjVdH4N0YZygnx-ROqr~9rSFqf7SY6ymEhseVK3owLOTgsZ4cfSEMpfVsaFDzDz8cSGeDYfyikrAzYYorLiPV5rc~zsGKJN3RMGHlNblg2CerJu~Qqt-V1PRczO~-rtMBPFhTZu93xYAfLuEFxkRyz8mMXUSodLPx1J3a4NAnisgV0AtgdxfQ6vvWEBDsz477gh~4mvKNFEBnF3kHpXQpwpm36sgulax2O2ZlFKHO4YmSf0nH9eb40dw2PWuzI~KxTesVDZ~rw91bQQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":664,"name":"Hebrew Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature"},{"id":3027,"name":"Renaissance Humanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Humanism"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic"},{"id":4669,"name":"Rare Books and Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rare_Books_and_Manuscripts"},{"id":7354,"name":"Early Modern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe"},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature"},{"id":20972,"name":"Jewish Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Literature"},{"id":20977,"name":"Medieval Jewish Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish_Philosophy"},{"id":1365158,"name":"Jiddish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jiddish"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-63119138-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51152589"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51152589/Tayma_II_Catalogue_of_the_inscriptions_discovered_in_the_Saudi_German_excavations_at_Taym%C4%81%CA%BE"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tayma II. Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68990818/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51152589/Tayma_II_Catalogue_of_the_inscriptions_discovered_in_the_Saudi_German_excavations_at_Taym%C4%81%CA%BE">Tayma II. Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/MichaelMacdonald">Michael C . A . Macdonald</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/HanspeterSchaudig">Hanspeter Schaudig</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ricIMBERT">Frédéric IMBERT</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://dainst.academia.edu/ArnulfHausleiter">Arnulf Hausleiter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Taymāʾ II. Catalogue of the inscriptions discovered in the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a catalogue of all the inscriptions discovered during the Saudi-German excavations at Tay...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a catalogue of all the inscriptions discovered during the Saudi-German excavations at Taymāʾ from 2004 to 2015 with indexes including material from all known inscriptions from the oasis.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3fc2dcaec615576305d149d5585d8462" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68990818,"asset_id":51152589,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68990818/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51152589"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51152589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51152589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51152589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51152589]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51152589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51152589']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3fc2dcaec615576305d149d5585d8462" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51152589]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51152589,"title":"Tayma II. 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Köhler, M. Krebernik and K. Lämmerhirt, eds.) Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58723397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38645333/_together_with_S_K%C3%B6hler_M_Krebernik_and_K_L%C3%A4mmerhirt_eds_Hilprecht_Sammlung_vorderasiatischer_Altert%C3%BCmer_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Jena_2017">(together with S. Köhler, M. Krebernik and K. Lämmerhirt, eds.) Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities is one of the most important collections of it...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities is one of the most important collections of its kind in Germany and beyond. It comprises about 3.300 objects, of them more than 3.000 cuneiform tablets, which cover a time span of almost three millennia. Among these tablets we find literary and lexical texts written in Sumerian and Akkadian, mainly from the Old Babylonian period (1st half of the 2nd millennium BCE). The most famous piece in the collection is certainly the so-called „Stadtplan von Nippur“, which is considered to be the oldest city map of the world. But also small artefacts from the Ancient Near East can be found, first of all terracotta figurines, but also more than 60 "incantation bowls" bearing magic inscriptions in Aramaic. The catalogue presents, in 18 chapters, 22 selected objects of the collection in chronological sequence, complemented by introductory essays illuminating the history and scientific importance of the collection as well as the cultural-historical background of the presented artefacts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="85f5b098c7ff812a4b1dcb8355276074" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58723397,"asset_id":38645333,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58723397/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38645333"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38645333"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38645333; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38645333]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38645333]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38645333; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38645333']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "85f5b098c7ff812a4b1dcb8355276074" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38645333]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38645333,"title":"(together with S. 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Drewes & Jacques Ryckmans, Les inscriptions sudarabes sur bois dans la collection de l'Oosters Instituut conservée dans la bibliothèque universitaire de Leiden. Texte révisé et adapté par Peter Stein. Edité par Peter Stein et Harry Stroomer, Wiesbaden 2016" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48670206/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/28335426/Abraham_J_Drewes_and_Jacques_Ryckmans_Les_inscriptions_sudarabes_sur_bois_dans_la_collection_de_lOosters_Instituut_conserv%C3%A9e_dans_la_biblioth%C3%A8que_universitaire_de_Leiden_Texte_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_et_adapt%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_Edit%C3%A9_par_Peter_Stein_et_Harry_Stroomer_Wiesbaden_2016">Abraham J. Drewes & Jacques Ryckmans, Les inscriptions sudarabes sur bois dans la collection de l'Oosters Instituut conservée dans la bibliothèque universitaire de Leiden. Texte révisé et adapté par Peter Stein. Edité par Peter Stein et Harry Stroomer, Wiesbaden 2016</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="525a2544b23c9dfce14957f6ef6d502f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":48670206,"asset_id":28335426,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48670206/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="28335426"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28335426"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28335426; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28335426]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28335426]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28335426; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='28335426']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "525a2544b23c9dfce14957f6ef6d502f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=28335426]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":28335426,"title":"Abraham J. 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Das "Glückliche Arabien" - Ostarabien. Handelsstädte der Golfregion, in: A. Kaplony (ed.), Geschichte der arabischen Welt, München 2024, S. 3-15 und 658-666" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118646918/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124417378/S%C3%BCdarabien_Jemen_Das_Gl%C3%BCckliche_Arabien_Ostarabien_Handelsst%C3%A4dte_der_Golfregion_in_A_Kaplony_ed_Geschichte_der_arabischen_Welt_M%C3%BCnchen_2024_S_3_15_und_658_666">Südarabien (Jemen). Das "Glückliche Arabien" - Ostarabien. Handelsstädte der Golfregion, in: A. Kaplony (ed.), Geschichte der arabischen Welt, München 2024, S. 3-15 und 658-666</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Die vorliegende neue «Geschichte der arabischen Welt» knüpft an das Standardwerk gleichen Titels ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Die vorliegende neue «Geschichte der arabischen Welt» knüpft an das Standardwerk gleichen Titels an, das Ulrich Haarmann 1987, vor bald vierzig Jahren, im selben Verlag herausgebracht hat. Heinz Halm hat das Handbuch als Herausgeber der vierten Auflage von 2001-kurz vor den Anschlägen des elften Septemberund der fünften Auflage von 2004 weitergeführt und aktualisiert. Doch schon er musste feststellen, dass angesichts der rasanten weltpolitischen Veränderungen und ganz neuer Forschungsperspektiven, die damit einhergingen, eine Aktualisierung nur ein Notbehelf sein konnte. So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». Aber ob nun schön oder schrecklich, in jedem Fall gilt «der Orient» als rückständig und dient als Kontrastfolie, um sich eines selbstbestimmten, friedliebenden und kontrolliertenund gleichzeitig fremdbestimmten, getriebenen und unendlich banalen-Lebens in Westeuropa zu versichern. Diese orientalistischen Projektionen sagen viel über die Ängste und Wünsche in Westeuropa aus, doch nichts über die islamische und arabische Welt. Diesen Projektionen will der vorliegende Band ein auf den Quellen basierendes und in der akademischen Diskussion erprobtes Wissen entgegensetzen. Die arabische Welt Der Ausdruck «arabische Welt» bezeichnet drei konzentrische Kreise. Im engeren Sinne meint er Arabien (die Arabische Halbinsel) mit den Araberinnen und Arabern, im weiteren Sinne alle arabisch(sprachig)en Länder, also neben der Arabischen Halbinsel auch die arabisierten Regionen in Nordafrika, Ägypten, Syrien-1 Südarabien (Jemen) Das «Glückliche Arabien» Von Peter Stein 1000 v. Chr. Erste sabäische und minäische Schriftzeugnisse.-Um 700 v. Chr. Erste Blütezeit des Sabäerreiches.-500-200 v. Chr.-Minäer kontrollieren Handel auf der Weihrauchstraße.-110 v. Chr. Beginn der Ḥimyarischen Ära.-25/24 v. Chr. Römischer Feldzug unter Aelius Gallus.-200-230 Neue Blütezeit des Sabäer reiches.-275-300 Vereinigung des Jemen unter den Ḥimyar.-Seit 380 Monotheismus jüdischer Prägung herrscht vor.-400-440 Abukarib Asʿad dehnt Einfluss ins Zentrum der Halbinsel aus.-522-525 Josef Asʾar Yaṯʾar treibt Christen aus dem Land, Niederlage gegen die Abessinier unter Kāleb Ella Aṣbeḥā.-533-560 Abraha unterwirft weite Teile der Halbinsel.-Um 575 Sasanidische Besetzung. Irak und Syrien, das alte Nordarabien Von den vielen Arabien zum «eigentlichen» Arabien Von Michael C. A. Macdonald 853 v. Chr. Früheste Erwähnung eines «Arabers».-737-652 v. Chr. Sechs arabische Königinnen kämpfen gegen die Assyrer.-673 v. Chr. Araber helfen den Assyrern bei der Eroberung Ägyptens.-440 er Jahre v. Chr. Gešem der Araber widersteht Nehemiah.-332 v. Chr. Araber in Gaza kämpfen gegen Alexander.-Um 300 v. Chr. Nabatäer siedeln sich im Süden Jordaniens an.-63 v. Chr. Eroberung Syriens und seiner Araber durch Rom.-24 v. Chr. Invasion Südarabiens durch Aelius Gallus.-106 n. Chr. Rom annektiert das nabatäische Königreich.-244-249 Philipp «der Araber» römischer Kaiser.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e174f0b1eafb7b8a2ddbaa5c17d44c1f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118646918,"asset_id":124417378,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118646918/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124417378"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124417378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124417378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124417378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124417378]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124417378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124417378']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e174f0b1eafb7b8a2ddbaa5c17d44c1f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124417378]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124417378,"title":"Südarabien (Jemen). 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So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». Aber ob nun schön oder schrecklich, in jedem Fall gilt «der Orient» als rückständig und dient als Kontrastfolie, um sich eines selbstbestimmten, friedliebenden und kontrolliertenund gleichzeitig fremdbestimmten, getriebenen und unendlich banalen-Lebens in Westeuropa zu versichern. Diese orientalistischen Projektionen sagen viel über die Ängste und Wünsche in Westeuropa aus, doch nichts über die islamische und arabische Welt. 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Heinz Halm hat das Handbuch als Herausgeber der vierten Auflage von 2001-kurz vor den Anschlägen des elften Septemberund der fünften Auflage von 2004 weitergeführt und aktualisiert. Doch schon er musste feststellen, dass angesichts der rasanten weltpolitischen Veränderungen und ganz neuer Forschungsperspektiven, die damit einhergingen, eine Aktualisierung nur ein Notbehelf sein konnte. So kam der Verlag mit der Bitte auf mich zu, das Werk neu zu konzipieren und herauszugeben. «Der Orient» ist im öffentlichen Diskurs Westeuropas in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten noch stärker zur Projektionsfläche geworden. Wer von «dem Orient», «der islamischen Welt» oder «der arabischen Welt» spricht, denkt meist entweder an autoritäre, gewalttätige und enthemmte Verhältnisse oder an ein «schönes», in sich ruhendes, zeitloses und religiös weises «Morgenland». Aber ob nun schön oder schrecklich, in jedem Fall gilt «der Orient» als rückständig und dient als Kontrastfolie, um sich eines selbstbestimmten, friedliebenden und kontrolliertenund gleichzeitig fremdbestimmten, getriebenen und unendlich banalen-Lebens in Westeuropa zu versichern. Diese orientalistischen Projektionen sagen viel über die Ängste und Wünsche in Westeuropa aus, doch nichts über die islamische und arabische Welt. Diesen Projektionen will der vorliegende Band ein auf den Quellen basierendes und in der akademischen Diskussion erprobtes Wissen entgegensetzen. Die arabische Welt Der Ausdruck «arabische Welt» bezeichnet drei konzentrische Kreise. Im engeren Sinne meint er Arabien (die Arabische Halbinsel) mit den Araberinnen und Arabern, im weiteren Sinne alle arabisch(sprachig)en Länder, also neben der Arabischen Halbinsel auch die arabisierten Regionen in Nordafrika, Ägypten, Syrien-1 Südarabien (Jemen) Das «Glückliche Arabien» Von Peter Stein 1000 v. Chr. Erste sabäische und minäische Schriftzeugnisse.-Um 700 v. Chr. Erste Blütezeit des Sabäerreiches.-500-200 v. Chr.-Minäer kontrollieren Handel auf der Weihrauchstraße.-110 v. Chr. Beginn der Ḥimyarischen Ära.-25/24 v. Chr. Römischer Feldzug unter Aelius Gallus.-200-230 Neue Blütezeit des Sabäer reiches.-275-300 Vereinigung des Jemen unter den Ḥimyar.-Seit 380 Monotheismus jüdischer Prägung herrscht vor.-400-440 Abukarib Asʿad dehnt Einfluss ins Zentrum der Halbinsel aus.-522-525 Josef Asʾar Yaṯʾar treibt Christen aus dem Land, Niederlage gegen die Abessinier unter Kāleb Ella Aṣbeḥā.-533-560 Abraha unterwirft weite Teile der Halbinsel.-Um 575 Sasanidische Besetzung. Irak und Syrien, das alte Nordarabien Von den vielen Arabien zum «eigentlichen» Arabien Von Michael C. A. Macdonald 853 v. Chr. Früheste Erwähnung eines «Arabers».-737-652 v. Chr. Sechs arabische Königinnen kämpfen gegen die Assyrer.-673 v. Chr. Araber helfen den Assyrern bei der Eroberung Ägyptens.-440 er Jahre v. Chr. Gešem der Araber widersteht Nehemiah.-332 v. Chr. Araber in Gaza kämpfen gegen Alexander.-Um 300 v. Chr. Nabatäer siedeln sich im Süden Jordaniens an.-63 v. Chr. Eroberung Syriens und seiner Araber durch Rom.-24 v. Chr. Invasion Südarabiens durch Aelius Gallus.-106 n. Chr. 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Recent finds from Mleiha may now contribute to clarify this picture. The two objects, a small tablet of silver and the fragment of an amphora, are inscribed with a script that is neither Hasaitic in its common form (i.e. a close relative of the Ancient South Arabian monumental or musnad script) nor Aramaic, but rather a derivative of the socalled minuscule script or zab ur from Ancient South Arabia. The discovery of this script, which was used for everyday correspondence in ancient Yemen, is thus far unparalleled in the Gulf region. The paper provides a first decipherment and interpretation of the two inscriptions and draws some preliminary conclusions on the development of writing in the region.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b18c7c185d2d79e8a576e26ac330c653" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89375954,"asset_id":84308074,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89375954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84308074"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84308074"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84308074; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84308074]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84308074]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84308074; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84308074']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b18c7c185d2d79e8a576e26ac330c653" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84308074]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84308074,"title":"South Arabian zabūr script in the Gulf: some recent discoveries from Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","ai_title_tag":"Discovering South Arabian Zabūr Script in Mleiha, UAE","grobid_abstract":"While the so-called Hasaitic script in the Gulf region has long been understood as being an influence from South Arabia, the actual reason for, and the way of, adapting the Ancient South Arabian script in that region has remained a matter of dispute. 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The paper provides a first decipherment and interpretation of the two inscriptions and draws some preliminary conclusions on the development of writing in the region.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":89375954},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84308074/South_Arabian_zab%C5%ABr_script_in_the_Gulf_some_recent_discoveries_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-08T00:29:31.812-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89375954,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89375954/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"aae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89375954/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"South_Arabian_zabur_script_in_the_Gulf_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89375954/aae-libre.pdf?1659944210=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSouth_Arabian_zabur_script_in_the_Gulf_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=axfZL9nTcvgZXF6EDECMq4qELRgOfaHXWtGwxRWoQawtjr19352Bc96owYjx1~YF0WODPlNkBZYxa7E7Gvs~5vbvpTG5l0RqRCj6mDGWXd0BwZepL572gyYucjRTgGCADY1uBwTheZMlBDIhVJnkq0GeLqAEyocNlWx8sJbtRWP-vRRM3bKatuoHvf6p~3h9jfuE7RJHMJE7y1R1bNfPF4pYHr8TqEfCam7-XUI8rl3HCFBzGj3P6pOfZdwHvKbC~tLv2MLY8T6S5rMg5EwM5R0clmuwINpBgYUEeLGKAm3AaqtzSzSzuoSXscmGOz8W4qFNVfxf2Sg0cl-9OTfocw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"South_Arabian_zabūr_script_in_the_Gulf_some_recent_discoveries_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"While the so-called Hasaitic script in the Gulf region has long been understood as being an influence from South Arabia, the actual reason for, and the way of, adapting the Ancient South Arabian script in that region has remained a matter of dispute. Recent finds from Mleiha may now contribute to clarify this picture. The two objects, a small tablet of silver and the fragment of an amphora, are inscribed with a script that is neither Hasaitic in its common form (i.e. a close relative of the Ancient South Arabian monumental or musnad script) nor Aramaic, but rather a derivative of the socalled minuscule script or zab ur from Ancient South Arabia. The discovery of this script, which was used for everyday correspondence in ancient Yemen, is thus far unparalleled in the Gulf region. The paper provides a first decipherment and interpretation of the two inscriptions and draws some preliminary conclusions on the development of writing in the region.","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":89375954,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89375954/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"aae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89375954/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"South_Arabian_zabur_script_in_the_Gulf_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89375954/aae-libre.pdf?1659944210=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSouth_Arabian_zabur_script_in_the_Gulf_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=axfZL9nTcvgZXF6EDECMq4qELRgOfaHXWtGwxRWoQawtjr19352Bc96owYjx1~YF0WODPlNkBZYxa7E7Gvs~5vbvpTG5l0RqRCj6mDGWXd0BwZepL572gyYucjRTgGCADY1uBwTheZMlBDIhVJnkq0GeLqAEyocNlWx8sJbtRWP-vRRM3bKatuoHvf6p~3h9jfuE7RJHMJE7y1R1bNfPF4pYHr8TqEfCam7-XUI8rl3HCFBzGj3P6pOfZdwHvKbC~tLv2MLY8T6S5rMg5EwM5R0clmuwINpBgYUEeLGKAm3AaqtzSzSzuoSXscmGOz8W4qFNVfxf2Sg0cl-9OTfocw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography"},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":22712372,"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Faae.12087"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-84308074-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80671735"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80671735/The_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_preliminary_report_on_the_2015_Belgian_excavations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Mleiha Area F graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.) : preliminary report on the 2015 Belgian excavations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86976898/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80671735/The_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_preliminary_report_on_the_2015_Belgian_excavations">The Mleiha Area F graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.) : preliminary report on the 2015 Belgian excavations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Thus the newly discovered inscription provides the oldest reference to the name of Uman. Prior to...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Thus the newly discovered inscription provides the oldest reference to the name of Uman. Prior to this discovery, the oldest references to the name were in classical sources from the 1st century CE. In terms of activities and events carried out by the local archaeology team, the concentration of efforts was fully dedicated to the undertaking of maintenance, restoration and reconstruction of monuments and artefacts for the purpose of rehabilitation in connection with the opening of the Mleiha Archaeological Centre.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-80671735-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-80671735-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328275/figure-4-trench-western-excavation-northern-and-left-eastern"><img alt="Fig. 4. Trench 1 western excavation. Northern and (left) eastern profile (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328215/figure-1-site-suhailah-view-from-the-west-left-and-the-east"><img alt="Fig. 1. Site Suhailah 1. View from the west (left) and the east (right). Chert outcrops to the left and the right mark the north south extent of the site, while the western and eastern limits are represented by the excavation in the foreground and the car in the background (left). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329278/figure-4-the-lime-slab-with-funerary-inscription-from-tomb"><img alt="Fig. 4. The lime slab with funerary inscription from Tomb FS. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_092.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328228/figure-2-trench-natural-surface-of-excavated-parts-in-the"><img alt="Fig.2. Trench 1, natural surface of excavated parts in the west (left) and east (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328255/figure-4-similar-to-the-eastern-part-in-trench-we-excavated"><img alt="Similar to the eastern part in trench 1, we excavated to a depth of | m in the western part during four days (Fig. 4). In contrast to the other part, however, we continued excavating for two " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329295/figure-93-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_093.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327912/figure-1-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327917/figure-2-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327947/figure-3-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327971/figure-1-had-been-unexpectedly-discovered-within-date-palm"><img alt="had been unexpectedly discovered within a date palm orchard and then excavated in 1998 (Jasim 2003). We were looking for any traces of more Umm an-Nar tombs, or perhaps even a settlement belonging to that period. Our attention was initially drawn to what seemed to be construction relics; of particular interest were small stone ashlars of a type known to have been used in the construction of Umm an-Nar tombs. A limited campaign of excavations commenced Jebel Faya, comprised of lime stone ridges, is located at a distance of approximately 50km to the east of the town of Sharjah; west of the Hajar mountains and in close proximity to Jebel Mleiha’s “Fossil Rock” (Fig. 1). on April 13th 2005 and resulted in the discovery of three Bronze Age tombs within close proximity of each other (Fig. 2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10327989/figure-2-plan-showing-the-distribution-of-the-bronze-age"><img alt="Fig 2: A plan showing the distribution of the Bronze Age tombs on the foot hill of Jebel Faye The tomb appears to have been heavily looted and plundered in antiquity. A very small amount of fragmented bones were found, but the size and quality of this sample renders it of very limited value for study. Unearthed artefacts included bronze fragments and a small collection of various beads which are presumably part of a necklace. Little quantity of Wadi Suq potsherds were present. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328006/figure-3-view-of-tomb-fay-ne-along-the-foothill-of-jebel"><img alt="Fig 3: View of tomb FAY NE 20 along the foothill of Jebel Faya Fig 4: FAY NE 20 at the beginning of excavation, showing the presence of ashlars outside " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328031/figure-7-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328056/figure-6-tomb-fay-ne-after-excavation-showing-the-entrance"><img alt="Fig 6: Tomb FAY NE 20 after excavation, showing the entrance (looking north) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328070/figure-7-view-of-umm-al-nar-tomb-showing-the-plinth-the-ring"><img alt="Fig 7: A view of Umm al-Nar tomb showing the plinth, the ring wall and the central partition wa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328082/figure-10-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328100/figure-11-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328109/figure-15-tomb-fay-ne-after-excavation-looking-west"><img alt="Figure 15: Tomb FAY NE 22 after excavation (looking west) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328117/figure-13-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328130/figure-14-university-of-tiibingen-dep-of-early-prehistory"><img alt="University of Tiibingen, Dep. of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Burgsteige 11, D-72070 Tiibingen, Germany " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328136/figure-1-trenches-at-site-fay-ne-dark-gray-area-east-of-was"><img alt="Fig. 1. Trenches at site FAY-NE1. Dark gray area east of 37 was intended to excavate in 2014, but not realized due to local conditions; red hatched area: extension of trench 37 realized this year. Shown in red areas of excavation activity in 2014, note the new trench 46 connecting trenches 24 and 9. our field work, which enabled the removal of about 20 to 35 cm of sediments in trenches 24 and 38 in addition to about 100 cm in trench 37. We reached bedrock in the entire area of trench 24, in the eastern half of trench 38 and in all parts of trench 37, except a small area of about 30 x 20 cm in the north of this trench. The extension area of trench 37 was 11 workmen from the department provided significant support of " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328146/figure-16-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328153/figure-2-distribution-of-geological-horizons-ghs"><img alt="Fig. 2. Distribution of geological horizons (GHs), archaeological horizons (AHs) and lithic artifacts in trenches 38 and 24 at the end of the 2014 campaign. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328158/figure-3-trench-at-the-end-of-the-field-season-excavation"><img alt="Fig. 3. Trench 24 at the end of the 2014 field season. Excavation exposed bedrock in the entire area. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328162/figure-19-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328169/figure-8-suhailah-overview-trench-left-excavated-profile"><img alt="Fig 8. Suhailah. Overview trench 1 (left), excavated profile (right). Fig. 7. Potential location of two floor props to prevent the blocks from falling into trench 38. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328185/figure-1-with-the-definition-of-ah-vii-in-renches-and-the"><img alt="With the definition of AH VII in renches 24 and 38, the archaeological sequence diverges significantly from he sequence established on_ the errace. To draw conclusions about the elationship between both sequences. ve would need to connect trench 24 vith trench 9 further east. On day en of the excavation we thus began © remove sediments from the area yetween trench 24 and 9 (Fig. 1). Work lere was conducted in the new trench 16 (Fig. 5). Of those GHs defined for yur excavation only GH 5 and deeper -an be identified in trench 46, because ull other GHs occur behind the big Fig. 6. Protective installations in trench 42 (left) and trench 37 (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328204/figure-22-university-of-tiibingen-dept-of-early-prehistory"><img alt="University of Tiibingen, Dept. of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Burgsteige 11, 72070 Tiibingen, Germany " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328300/figure-5-trench-western-excavation-in-front-cleaned-surface"><img alt="Fig. 5. Trench 1. Western excavation in front cleaned surface of the northern part in the center " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328312/figure-6-trench-surface-of-gh-left-during-excavation-right"><img alt="Fig.6. Trench 2. Surface of GH1 (left), during excavation (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328323/figure-7-test-pit-southwest-of-suhailah-the-artifact-bearing"><img alt="Fig. 7. Test pit southwest of Suhailah 1. The artifact bearing surface to the left was not discovered in our test pit. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328347/figure-8-systematic-collection-of-artifacts-from-the-surface"><img alt="Fig. 8. Systematic collection of artifacts from the surface in Suhailah I (left), labeling of all collected artifacts in the lab (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328364/figure-31-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328378/figure-13-collecting-lithic-artifacts-from-circle-with"><img alt="Fig. 13. Collecting lithic artifacts from circle with a diameter of 5 m. Green rope indicating the diameter, hammer located at the center. so far not excavated area in trench 1 (Fig. 5). Due to the limited time available this year, we decided not to start excavation to leave this work for next year when it should be possible to reach the necessary depth in the 8x1 m area. Given the importance of stratified assemblages, from the Lower Paleolithic in particular, we decided to test another area within Suhailah 1 despite the fact that our work in trench | revealed no artifact bearing horizon below the surface. We identified a potentially interesting area downhill in the western part of the site. Here the chert outcrop might have protected deposits from erosion. The observation of comparably few artifacts were lying on the surface was an additional argument to start a small The majority is about 6 cm in size. 3H 3a is the currently deepest layer n our excavation at Suhailah. The nost obvious difference to GH 3a is he significantly increased hardening yf the sediments, which are reddish yellow (7.5 YR 6/8) in color. Matrix ind clast characteristics remain elative similar to GH 3a. At the end yf the 2015 season, GH 3a reached a lepth of about 42cm. test excavation in an area of 2x1 m (Fig. 6). After two days of work we stopped the excavation at a depth of about 30 cm. We found lithic artifacts in all spits, although in decreasing numbers. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328388/figure-15-aukaida-region-handaxe-left-site-overview-right-in"><img alt="Fig. 15. Aukaida region. Handaxe (left), site overview (right). in Shuhailah are no isolated finds but part of an assemblage. To gain further details about the lithic typo-technology we started collecting all finds from the surface at Suhailah!. During two days of systematic collecting, we assembled 986 artifacts (Fig. 8). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328395/figure-14-sampled-profile-with-lake-sediments-at-jebel"><img alt="Fig. 14. Sampled profile with lake sediments at Jebel Aqabah (N 25.03809°, E 55.80619°). Similar to previous years, we conducted surveys in the region. Our own focus laid on the sediments of the paleolake Aqabah (Parton, et al., 2010). These lake sediments provide a rare opportunity to increase our knowledge about paleoenvironmental conditions. We collected six sediment samples from three locations; including a profile (Fig. 14) potentially used by Parton et (25° 5°33 44”°N, 55°59’0.98”E). The artifact assemblage seemed represent one period and lacks obvious signs for admixture. Given that artifacts usually occur within scatters of large extent, this site provides a unique opportunity to study an undisturbed assemblage potentially from _ the Middle Pleistocene. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328411/figure-35-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328431/figure-1-drone-photography-of-graveyard-area-av-with-the"><img alt="Fig. 1. Drone photography of graveyard area AV with the zones excavated by the Belgian team. During the previous excavation season in 2013, the Belgian expedition made a Ground Penetrating Radar Survey at area AV along the eastern rim of Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE) during which a series of monumental tombs were located. The 2014 stay at Mleiha was mainly a study-campaign in view of future publications. However, during two weeks, a _ small team continued the excavations of two monumental tombs that were started the previous year. Both tombs were A Belgian Archaeological Expedition is working since 2009 at Mleiha in the Emirate of Sharjah (United Arab Emirates) in close collaboration with Sharjah’s Directorate of Antiquities!, During these first five years a large surface with 7 monumental tombs and 4 more modest pit graves (zone P) was excavated on the eastern fringes of the site (Area AV°). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328438/figure-2-the-belgian-field-team-and-two-of-our-trusted-local"><img alt="Fig. 2. The 2014 Belgian field team and two of our trusted local workmen. From left to rigth: Galparosh Khan (Sharjah workman), Dr. Bruno Overlae (director) handling the drone for aerial photography, Prof. Em. Dr. Ernie Haerinck (senior archaeologist), Laurence Van Goethem and Bart Depre (archaeologists), Hubert Steenbeke and Martine Coppejans (architectural reconstructions) and Ali Badr (Sharjah workman). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328448/figure-3-the-excavated-zones-in-area-av-top-and-their"><img alt="Fig. 3. The excavated zones in area AV (top) and their position on the relief map of the surface covered by the Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of 201 (bottom left; after Verdonck et al. 2014). A detail of the GPR results showing the monumental tombs and an aerial view of the two tombs at the beginnin of the 2014 excavations are shown on the right. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328460/figure-4-general-plan-of-the-squares-with-tombs-left-and"><img alt="Fig. 4. General plan of the squares with tombs Z1 (left) and Z2 (right). Crucial finds from the sub-surface layer were two stamped Rhodian amphora handles. One was found in the southeastern quarter of square B, the other near the southwestern corner of tomb Z1. Amphora sherds found in the grave pit of tomb Z1 join to sherds that were found scattered in the surface layer of both squares, which could suggest they all may belong to one and the same amphora, once deposited in tomb Z1. Rhodian amphorae were stamped on_ both handles. One bears the name of the eponym, the yearly elected official, preceded by the Greek preposition Ihe stamp of square B mentions the official Agemachos and the Rhodiar month Dalios in the genitive Agemachos can be quite accurately dated ca. 181 — 179 BCE®. The fabricant’s stamp is only partially preserved, but can be reconstructec as Diskos. Indeed, since before the ending of the name in the genitive | kou there is only space left for some letters this name has to be very shor and [Dis]kou is the only candidate that fits for the reconstruction. The fabricant Diskos II (there exists < homonym who has to be dated earlie: and who is always associated witk a Rhodian month) is_ well-knowr from the famous Villanova deposi on the island of Rhodes where he is associated on several complete amphorae with four eponyms datec " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328470/figure-5-tombs-left-view-from-the-north-and-right-view-from"><img alt="Fig. 5. Tombs Z1 (left, view from the North) and Z2 (right, view from the South) after the clearin; of the sub-surface layer. Left: handle with stamp from Diskos I; centre: wall fragments from tomb Z1 and the disturbed sub- surface layer in square ZB; right: handle with stamp of Agemachos. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328480/figure-41-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328492/figure-7-finds-from-the-sub-surface-layer-of-zone-gold-bead"><img alt="Fig. 7. Finds from the sub-surface layer of zone Z: Gold bead (top left), fragment of a beehive shaped stone vessel and fragment of a glazed amphora handle (bottom right) compared to a complete example from the 2013 zone QB excavations (bottom left). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328497/figure-8-the-grave-pit-was-dug-in-the-solid-underground-that"><img alt="The grave pit was dug in the solid underground that must have been just close beneath the sandy surface layer. It consisted of a compacted gravel layer on top of a thick layer of marl. The rim of the grave pit is well delineated by this gravel layer and easy to recognise. It measures ca. 1.35 by 0.65 metre. On the plan in fig. 8, it is indicated with a red dotted line. The grave pit itself bellowed out to a more rounded shape measuring 1.45 by 0.80 metre at its widest point. The complete section in fig. 8 is taken just left of the grave pit’s upper rim but still cuts through the lower part (black line on the plan). The alluvial compacted Fig. 8. Plan and sections of Tomb Z1. gravel layer is of uneven thicknes and is not present everywhere in th sraveyard area. Its variation can als be seen in the section of tomb Z1 Measured from the average top of th gravel layer, the grave pit is about — to 1.05 metre deep. The excavation of similar tombs showed that th grave pit was traditionally covere with wooden beams, sometime: sealed with plaster, on which mu bricks were placed. There were ni traces of wooden beams preservec in the case of tomb Z1. Beams wer usually placed on top of the grave layer which explains why more of th sand around the grave pit had to b removed. The grave builders often du; out a large area that was later filled i again with sand and levelled to buil the monument’s mud brick uppe structure on. The first two layers o mud bricks formed a sort of platforn on which the square tower itself wa placed. Depending on the level of th " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328507/figure-10-plan-and-section-of-tomb-finds-from-tomb-an"><img alt="Fig. 10. Plan and section of Tomb 22. Fig. 9. Finds from tomb Z1: an alabastron, a gold spacer bead and iron weaponry. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328530/figure-45-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328546/figure-1-nar-type-tombs-the-largest-occupation-of-site"><img alt="Nar type tombs (fig. 1). The largest occupation of i site, however, dates from pe ant century BCE to the mid-3"4 century AD, when it was apparently the only inland site of importance in Southeast-Arabia. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328559/figure-1-google-earth-view-of-the-eastern-part-of-mleiha"><img alt="Fig. 1. Google Earth view of the eastern part of Mleiha with the location Fig. 2. Mound AI after the completion of the 2012 excavations. The smalle of the Belgian excavations (red), fort CW, fortified building H and mound AJ is visible in the background. graveyards. Our current views suggest the PIR A phase, a period with strong international trade activities at Mleiha, starts in the first half of the gi century BCE and ends around Mleiha has a long occupation history dating back to at least the third millennium BCE, as documented by three monumental Umm-an PL VMUMOLTOU SIAL LAINE WOLNK LOL Southeast-Arabia and Mleiha for this period was first proposed by Michel Mouton. It distinguished four periods within the “Pré- Islamique Récent” or PIR time frame for the Oman peninsula, roughly equivalent to the Hellenistic, Parthian and early Sasanian periods in the remainder of the Near East. Their exact chronology, defined in Mouton’s PhD in 1992 (Mouton 1999; 2008: 22-35), was later revised (Cuny & Mouton 2009; Mouton 2010: 276 lowers PIR D some 75 years) but their exact chronolosv and sienificance is still " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328577/figure-48-vee-ee-pea-ee-ee-to-be-considered-as-transition"><img alt="Vee A 2 ee a Pea ee ee to be considered as a transition phase between the economically prosperous phases A and C; as such without a specific set of distinct diagnostic pottery but rather recognisable through the absence of archaeological data. The PIR C phase, from the end of the haa century BCE to the first half of the gue century AD, is a time of strong he middle of the 2"° century BCE with the onse of a severe and srolonged economic downturn. Long distance rade activities may rave largely or even completely ralted during t 3 phase which he transitional PIR lasts the remainder of the gnd cen ury BCE and most of the 1°" century BCE. It is visible n the poor archaeological records ull along the Arabian coast of the s B. Overlaet, E. Haerinck, P. Pincé, B. De Prez, L. Van Goethem & A. Timmerman: The 2009 & 2012 Belgian Excavations of Mound AI at Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E.) — Structures and Finds, (forthcoming). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328589/figure-49-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-common-and-medium"><img alt="Pl. 1. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian common and medium coarse ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328603/figure-50-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_050.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328618/figure-51-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_051.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328644/figure-52-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-coarse-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 4. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian coarse (no. 1-3) and cooking ware (no. 4-5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_052.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328692/figure-53-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 5. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse ware with orange/red to plum slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_053.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328697/figure-54-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-common-medium-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 6. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian common, medium coarse and coarse ware with orange/red to plur slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_054.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328706/figure-55-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 7. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse ware with a grey to dark grey/black slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_055.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328716/figure-56-pl-pir-east-southeast-arabian-painted-common-and"><img alt="Pl. 8. PIR A - East/Southeast-Arabian painted common and painted coarse ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_056.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328725/figure-57-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_057.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328731/figure-58-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazed-ware-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 10. PIR A - South-Mesopotamian glazed ware (no. 1-2) and eggshell ware (no. 3); and PIR A wares of uncertain provenance (no. 4: grey ware and no. 5 coarse sherd with chrysotile astemper). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_058.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328736/figure-59-pl-pir-southeast-iranian-wares-fine-light-red-no"><img alt="Pl. 11. PIR A - Southeast-Iranian wares: fine light red (no. 1-2) or light brown burnished wares (no. 3-4 and fine orange (no. 5) to red painted (no.6)pottery. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_059.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328783/figure-60-pl-pir-greek-wares-black-glazed-sherd-no-and"><img alt="Pl. 12. PIR A - Greek wares: black glazed sherd (no. 1) and fragments of Rhodian amphorae (no. 2-5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_060.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328791/figure-61-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-common-wares-common"><img alt="Pl. 13. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian common wares: common/medium fine vegetal orange ware and mediun fine buff wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_061.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328804/figure-62-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-medium-coarse-to-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 14. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian medium coarse to coarse buff/orange ware with an orange/red slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_062.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328822/figure-63-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-wares-no-medium-coarse-to"><img alt="Pl. 15. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian wares: no. 1-4, medium coarse to coarse buff/orange ware with ar orange/red slip; no. 5-9, with purplish/black slip. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_063.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328836/figure-64-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 16. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_064.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328844/figure-65-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_065.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328857/figure-66-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_066.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328871/figure-67-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 19. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_067.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328884/figure-68-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 20. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_068.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328896/figure-69-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 21. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_069.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328900/figure-70-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-coarse-to-very-coarse"><img alt="Pl. 22. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian coarse to very coarse wares. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_070.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328912/figure-71-pl-pir-southeast-arabian-thick-coarse-black-ware"><img alt="Pl. 23. PIR C - Southeast-Arabian thick coarse black ware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_071.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328916/figure-72-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_072.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328944/figure-73-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_073.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328965/figure-74-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazedware"><img alt="Pl. 26. PIR C - South-Mesopotamian glazedware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_074.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10328982/figure-75-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_075.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329008/figure-76-pl-pir-south-mesopotamian-glazedware"><img alt="Pl. 28. PIR C - South-Mesopotamian glazedware. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_076.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329024/figure-77-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_077.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329036/figure-78-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_078.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329044/figure-79-pl-pir-southeast-iranian-painted-wares-early"><img alt="Pl. 31. PIR C - Southeast-Iranian painted wares (early Namord ware). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_079.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329065/figure-80-bruno-overlaet-royal-museums-of-art-and-history"><img alt="> Bruno OVERLAET'! (Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels) elements. In the last few years, many archaeological expeditions have resorted with more or less success to the use of low budget drones fitted with a lightweight camera. Commonly reported problems are. however, the limited flight time due to battery capacity, the low quality photography and particularly the inability to use the drone in anything but very light winds. to handle. This brings them in the scope of field archaeologists who can use them for oblique overviews of excavations, vertical photography in view of mapping and measuring and for surveying. The advantages of a high viewpoint to better appreciate a site’s setting within the landscape are beyond discussion. Aerial photography is a_ well-established niche in the surveying techniques but often remained too expensive or cumbersome (scaffolds and cameras attached to kites or hot air/helium balloons) to be used systematically. Photography from aeroplanes or helicopters can be useful whenever available but are generally too costly. Satellite photography has more and more been exploited in the last decennium and has lead to important discoveries but is rarely suited to recognise smaller or discrete archaeological structures or landscape " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_080.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329079/figure-1-the-drone-mounted-on-backpack-during-the-ascent-of"><img alt="Fig. 1. The drone mounted on a backpack during the ascent of the Jebel Fayah (left) and use of the drone at the excavations at Mleiha (right). After scrutinizing the specifications of the low end drones on the market, the Belgian archaeological expedition at Mleiha of the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels, decided to start from a standard version of a “DJI — Phantom 2” quadcopter mounted with a GoPro action camera Hero 3+ on a damped 2D gimbal for maximum photo stability. The camera can be tilted using the remote controller (2.4 GHz) between a horizontal and vertical position. Several build in Over the last few years there nas been a growing availability of drones, not only for commercial use but also for recreational purposes. Whereas commercial drones remain expensive (from about 12.000 Euro upwards) and demand a skilled and well trained pilot, often seconded by a wingman to operate the camera, the low budget recreational drones are fitted with lightweight “action cameras” and are generally easy " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_081.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329088/figure-2-subtle-shadow-marks-of-very-low-mounds-with"><img alt="Fig. 2. Subtle shadow marks of very low mounds with monumental tombs in area AV. On the right the archaeologically virgin wadi area, in the foreground the dry bed of a shallow brook. The oblique view emphasises the effect of the shadows. The drone is kept in a custom made protective case at the excavation site and can be made ready for flight within minutes. It can thus be used on the spot without delaying any of the on-going activities. For surveys in areas that cannot be reached by car. it is mounted on a backpack. Flying time in normal wind conditions is about 25 minutes per battery pack but can be significantly reduced when flying in strong winds. With a single back-up battery pack, 30 to 40 inis commercially available configuration was extended with an “On Screen Display” module (iOSD- mini) that streams the camera view to a monitor on the remote controller. The monitor also displays technical and navigational data such as real time battery voltage, horizontal and vertical velocity, orientation, control mode (standard GPS) and the distance and height from the take-off point. The iOSD works on 5.8 GHz and has a range of about 350 meter. This makes this configuration suitable for low altitude aerial surveys (below 50 meter) inaccordance with aeronautical regulations. The relativelysmall drone necessitates video piloting (FPY, First-PersonView) via the monitor abcess, ‘nem ec ie ee el ie. On the excavations, the drone was used to make both oblique and vertical photographs and to survey the surrounding areas. In the specific context of the wadi plain the ideal moment was shortly after sunrise when the lowest relief produces strong shadow marks. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_082.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329101/figure-83-ue-sulvey-was-dil-dita-ol-uo-wesst-flank-where"><img alt="Ue SULVEY Was dil dita Ol UO WESst flank where a square shape was noted in Google Earth at an altitude of 313 meter (25°06’09.36” N —- 55°50’04.80” E), i.e. about 150 meter above the Mleiha plain and about 80 meter below the highest point of the Jebel Fayah. Since the location was horizontally about 700 meter from the base of the mountain, the drone was mounted on a backpack and we were guided by Eisa Yousif of Sharjah’s Department of Antiquities to the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_083.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329127/figure-3-two-stone-enclosures-probably-musallah-on-the-jebel"><img alt="Fig. 3. Two stone enclosures, probably musallah, on the Jebel Fayah. The line across the mountain ridge indicates the direction of Mecca. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_084.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329149/figure-85-relation-to-the-graveyard-remains-to-be"><img alt="relation to the graveyard remains to be established. with scattered ceramics around them. Dating monuments such as_ these musallah is rarely possible and at the moment there are no indications for a specific date. There are no signs of habitation or other structures around the musallah on the western flank of the Jebel Fayah. The musallah at the base of the mountain may be dJatable once excavations are made of the nearby structures, although theit " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_085.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329166/figure-86-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_086.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329187/figure-6-musallah-at-the-foot-of-the-eastern-flank-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 6. Musallah at the foot of the eastern flank of the Jebel Fayah. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_087.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329202/figure-88-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_088.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329225/figure-1-google-earth-image-of-mleiha-with-indication-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 1. Google Earth image of Mleiha with indication of the graveyards and monuments discussed in the paper. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_089.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329247/figure-2-the-four-area-tombs-excavated-in-view-towards-the"><img alt="Fig. 2. The four area F tombs excavated in 1986-89 (view towards the SE, photo December 2014). More tombs are located in the now deserted area in front of the road, in the remaining palm gardens to the right and in the green fields in the distance. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_090.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329266/figure-3-the-french-excavations-tomb-is-indicated-in-yellow"><img alt="Fig. 3. The 1986-89 French excavations. Tomb F°5 is indicated in yellow. The pit in the NW corner of the excavated area may have been a small grave. now labelled Tombs Fl to F5 (originally P.207, P.208, P.204, P.205 and P.218) are oriented with their walls to the cardinal points. The square to rectangular buildings measure between 4.5 and 5.5 m and were built with lime bricks and mud bricks on a foundation of irregular rocks. A large amount of lime bricks, including stepped crenelations were found around the structures. A mud brick floor (about 0.80 to 1.00 m thick) was present inside the building. The entrance into this superstructure could not be located since only its base was preserved. However, at least 4 of them had a rectangular platform of approximately 1.2 x 0.8 m (missing or destroyed at T.F3) on the North side. In two cases this was built on top of the entrance passage to the underground chambers. These plastered platforms were considered by the excavators to be “offering platforms” and to be an innovation of the PIR B period (Mouton 2008: SO 80 BFA LAtintee 0 6K COR re “tomb F5”) belongs to a group that was explored by the French expedition as a part of a project to define the general character of the site, its timeframe and its geographic extension. This project took place at a time when archaeology in the UAE was still in its infancy. The area was in use for agriculture and had been flattened with a bulldozer. This had disturbed the upper architectural remains of the tombs and had brought large rocks and bricks to the surface. Although this had indicated the presence of the structures, it had also severely damaged them and this complicated their early interpretation. First thought to have been water reservoirs and water channels, they were, however, soon recognised for what they were, constructions on top of burial chambers, separated by narrow passages. Fig. 3 and Plate | document the situation at the end of the French excavations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_091.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329374/figure-94-pl-finds-made-during-the-excavations-at-area-after"><img alt="Pl. 2. Finds made during the 1986-89 excavations at Area F (after Mouton 2008). 1. Gold tubular bead; 2 Silver spout from bowl in the shape of a horse protome; 3. Female bust applique; 4. Bronze bowl; 5. Glas: vessel; 6 Soft-stone beehive shaped container; 7-8. Stamped Rhodian amphora handles; 9. Amphora shaps reconstructed from various vessels; 10-11. Perforated vessels dug in near Tombs F3 and 4, supposedly fo libations; 12. Storage vessel from tomb F2. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_094.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329393/figure-95-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 3. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.01 (top) and 2015.12.02 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_095.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329404/figure-96-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 4. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.08 (top) and 2015.12.11 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_096.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329411/figure-97-pl-excavations-of-tomb-vertical-view-on-top-and"><img alt="Pl. 5. Excavations of Tomb F5: vertical view on 2015.12.15 (top) and 2015.12.17 (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_097.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329421/figure-98-pl-superstructure-of-tomb-view-from-the-south-with"><img alt="Pl. 6. Superstructure of Tomb F5: a. View from the South with the West wall and mud brick floor in situ. b. Displaced lower layer of lime bricks from the South wall. c. SW-corner with lime brick in situ, note the plaster on the inside of the building. d. Displaced layers of lime bricks of the South wall. e. Lime brick stepped crenelation found at the base of the South wall. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_098.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329425/figure-99-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_099.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329435/figure-100-pl-view-of-the-excavation-of-the-northern-burial"><img alt="Pl. 8. View of the excavation of the Northern burial chamber with the lime slab in situ (the funerary inscription is on the back) and removal of the slab. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_100.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329466/figure-2-architecture-in-trench-map-of-the-trenches-in-the"><img alt="Fig. 2: Architecture in Trench 78 Fig. 1: Map of the trenches in the southern part of HLO1 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_101.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329478/figure-102-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_102.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329485/figure-3-neolithic-structure-in-trench-re-used-as-grave-in"><img alt="Fig. 3: Neolithic structure in Trench 75 re-used as a grave In the Wadi-Suq-Period Fig. 4: Vertical view of Trench 75 with the opening of the grave pit (A - Wadi Sug / Neolithic grave) and the western extension (below red line) opened in 2015. The Stars indicate disturbances by test-pits dug during the first season of excavations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_103.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329493/figure-104-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_104.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329504/figure-105-ig-stone-structure-with-curved-wall-in-trench"><img alt="ig. 5: Stone structure with curved wall in Trench 76 after removal of first pebble-layer " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_105.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329515/figure-6-the-curved-wall-in-trench-after-removal-of-the"><img alt="Fig. 6: The curved wall in Trench 76 after removal of the second layer of the surrounding pebble-field. Pebble concentrations inside the stone-circle are fireplaces " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_106.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329533/figure-107-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_107.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329551/figure-7-the-outside-of-the-small-oval-structure-at-the"><img alt="Fig.7: The outside of the small oval structure at the eastern end of Trench 107 Fig. 8: Vertical view of the oval structure in Trench 107 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/figure_108.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329569/table-1-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329581/table-2-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329590/table-3-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329609/table-4-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/10329626/table-5-the-mleiha-area-graveyard-sharjah-preliminary-report"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/86976898/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-80671735-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5164522f44aeb6a586075562c36f92b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86976898,"asset_id":80671735,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86976898/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80671735"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80671735"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80671735; 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Prior to this discovery, the oldest references to the name were in classical sources from the 1st century CE. In terms of activities and events carried out by the local archaeology team, the concentration of efforts was fully dedicated to the undertaking of maintenance, restoration and reconstruction of monuments and artefacts for the purpose of rehabilitation in connection with the opening of the Mleiha Archaeological Centre.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":86976900},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80671735/The_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_preliminary_report_on_the_2015_Belgian_excavations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-04T04:33:19.697-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86976898,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86976898/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"154952498.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86976898/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86976898/154952498-libre.pdf?1654343432=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=EG1sTAFiit8DWe5MPeLF22vPMJmvD~4wSRFi3lSr0Gfdg1wyZQs22-mb0mG2j0kKSGAxTZttR0VYithzyJE9D-MqQ4SkL5UkffCzJtnFio6geQRgxDKK7DacF9f9v3uJGomGtjVYj4fgGQF76AVuYDDOyWD0KZWwmiTpjZ0mXttPbT~J-KswIe1aGupvqpO1Ve-8vQVKgJk-mysXxqeQDG3z7gWW1fBC~oOQTUaUUpz0N93oHw9rYPp65wr~3jtbj1GpkSiiEKQRdplWSAIUAmrKJTm3t9sa4nuN5nmdjTvej0JGj1bHwvm1nfN7vpoTUa1wHajWu6DJfl-gH6leJw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Mleiha_Area_F_graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_preliminary_report_on_the_2015_Belgian_excavations","translated_slug":"","page_count":112,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Thus the newly discovered inscription provides the oldest reference to the name of Uman. Prior to this discovery, the oldest references to the name were in classical sources from the 1st century CE. 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Zu den handwerklichen Abläufen in der altsüdarabischen Epigraphik, in: A. M. Bortz/J. F. Diehl/R. M. Kerr/K. Ch. Park/A. E. Zernecke (Hrsgg.), Lob des Schreibers. Festschrift für Reinhard G. Lehmann, Wiesbaden 2022, S. 157-166" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85809084/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/78922531/Schreiber_und_Steinmetz_oder_Zu_den_handwerklichen_Abl%C3%A4ufen_in_der_alts%C3%BCdarabischen_Epigraphik_in_A_M_Bortz_J_F_Diehl_R_M_Kerr_K_Ch_Park_A_E_Zernecke_Hrsgg_Lob_des_Schreibers_Festschrift_f%C3%BCr_Reinhard_G_Lehmann_Wiesbaden_2022_S_157_166">Schreiber und Steinmetz oder? Zu den handwerklichen Abläufen in der altsüdarabischen Epigraphik, in: A. M. Bortz/J. F. Diehl/R. M. Kerr/K. Ch. Park/A. E. 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Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45210480/Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisovi%C4%8Da_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346">Correspondence in pre-Islamic Yemen. Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-45210480-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45210480-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50725053/table-1-letters-from-ancient-south-arabia-this-considerable"><img alt="Table 1: Letters from Ancient South Arabia This considerable increase of available material provides a solid basis for more general studies on typological, linguistic, social and cultural aspects that are related to these texts. Extant studies on Ancient South Arabian episto- lary formulae meanwhile date back more than ten years (Maraqten 2003, Stein 2006, and 2008)1! and therefore do not include most of the texts from the com- prehensive recent publications as mentioned above. In the present contribution, a small but important aspect shall be reconsidered in light of the new evidence: the question: how the text of a South Arabian letter was composed - by the send- er’s own hand, by literal dictation to a professional scribe, or on the basis of draft information in form of a written sketch? Of course, a clear and consistent answer to this question is not easily given, nor can it be excluded that more than one answer may apply here. However, it will be argued, on the basis of the present ev- " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791800/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45210480-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c5c3d0492a77a37cb061251594dff21e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65791800,"asset_id":45210480,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791800/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45210480"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45210480"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45210480; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45210480]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45210480]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45210480; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45210480']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c5c3d0492a77a37cb061251594dff21e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45210480]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45210480,"title":"Correspondence in pre-Islamic Yemen. Some new insights, in: Ex Oriente Lux. Sbornik statej k 75-letiju Mikhaila Borisoviča Piotrovskogo, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, pp. 336-346","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_abstract":"This paper explores the characteristics of correspondence in pre-Islamic Yemen, specifically focusing on the Sabaic letters produced by professional scribes. Through the examination of newly considered texts, it reveals practices of oral dictation in letter writing, highlighting the formal structures and content of these correspondences as they relate to the social and political dynamics of the time."},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45210480/Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisovi%C4%8Da_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-02-26T08:26:39.093-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65791800,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791800/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791800/Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_-libre.pdf?1614358257=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCorrespondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=LD6Z~USGx5EXDDfWsk79rmMsxBnoBADMNzFQ-FPvBuBRRb-nqNZsdI3UeFDzTG~a-O8ahku44UEIOiFZujqb0OqGDRvxorjf0sjdDUX0kMrqr8cznY-ZWVsvjtAJj52AtR~j9gwHhohNC76mGBP5KkLGzy4dN6SpqaA7UduuEt-4hdk8rtg3QfBXglRFlIqcxrT~j18JPR0B6A8LIWgPiySBob5xnzXvAM5p6unD0wybdmNFHh~FhWTF-Vg7mJWPZA~FHjZiliQY8FVFezvVhf6wUoL7omygoHhJqRgsKbSCBgmK7yccYKhGfGjBTrdNoDmL~NKoysuWbMvnYfrYNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some_new_insights_in_Ex_Oriente_Lux_Sbornik_statej_k_75_letiju_Mikhaila_Borisoviča_Piotrovskogo_Sankt_Peterburg_2019_pp_336_346","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":65791800,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791800/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791800/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791800/Stein_Correspondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_FS_Piotrovskij_2019_2_-libre.pdf?1614358257=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCorrespondence_in_pre_Islamic_Yemen_Some.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=LD6Z~USGx5EXDDfWsk79rmMsxBnoBADMNzFQ-FPvBuBRRb-nqNZsdI3UeFDzTG~a-O8ahku44UEIOiFZujqb0OqGDRvxorjf0sjdDUX0kMrqr8cznY-ZWVsvjtAJj52AtR~j9gwHhohNC76mGBP5KkLGzy4dN6SpqaA7UduuEt-4hdk8rtg3QfBXglRFlIqcxrT~j18JPR0B6A8LIWgPiySBob5xnzXvAM5p6unD0wybdmNFHh~FhWTF-Vg7mJWPZA~FHjZiliQY8FVFezvVhf6wUoL7omygoHhJqRgsKbSCBgmK7yccYKhGfGjBTrdNoDmL~NKoysuWbMvnYfrYNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":181385,"name":"Sabaic inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sabaic_inscriptions"},{"id":187884,"name":"Ancient South Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_South_Arabia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-45210480-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45209951"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209951/Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791539/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209951/Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54">Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.<br /><br />Among these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. <br /><br />Though examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b4a769a00da9000f29b1f04c775d973e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65791539,"asset_id":45209951,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791539/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45209951"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45209951"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209951; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209951]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45209951]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45209951; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45209951']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b4a769a00da9000f29b1f04c775d973e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45209951]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45209951,"title":"Semitic Documents on Wooden Sticks: Manuscript Writing in Pre-Islamic South Arabia, in: A. Kaplony/D. Potthast (ed.), From Qom to Barcelona. Aramaic, South Arabian, Coptic, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic Documents, Leiden/Boston 2021 (Islamic History and Civilization 178), pp. 24–54","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.\n"},"translated_abstract":"The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45209951/Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-02-26T08:18:25.325-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65791539,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791539/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791539/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791539/Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract-libre.pdf?1614358262=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSemitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=FtzVZQnYuRYWhlVs-AkgjxmVrTt2QTeUpwnhLhR0uabmECI2n7i0NtRehyxFnbpdp0RevaL59e~dqwSFU4AaSJ3YPtZfrUraYPJaN-OUF5T52SCY8su1y10VXKsyHB1B~Pwx2s44IXAl1Q-zS1dBYmWjpVYiofQ92UihoXTaHw7MIX2eew2ZstSpLIjaY~az~QN2fmi-~a8PwClQlyoP0wLpS1NwcKG3tUSegiPD07srXLml5q1I~lwCpa0MvSwkcUIeDtm~6~uyRHgUvj7pNdpbLIxe7i5bZQ37YHfCBcEamWaeXINUVLMr0duuBWKq7YNdO91Bru6Ek2UkoKTI9g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manuscript_Writing_in_Pre_Islamic_South_Arabia_in_A_Kaplony_D_Potthast_ed_From_Qom_to_Barcelona_Aramaic_South_Arabian_Coptic_Arabic_and_Judeo_Arabic_Documents_Leiden_Boston_2021_Islamic_History_and_Civilization_178_pp_24_54","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The method of manuscript writing in Ancient South Arabia is unique in the Ancient World. In contrast to other societies in the Ancient Near East, the Sabaeans and their neighbors used pieces of wood to write down their everyday correspondence. Wooden sticks, cut off from any kind of tree, form in fact the most easily prepared writing material one can imagine. Thousands of such sticks have come to light—most of them at a single place. They are inscribed with a particular cursive script that developed separately from the well-known lapidary script used for representativepublicly displayed monumental inscriptions.\n\nAmong these texts are, first of all, business accounts such as contracts and settlements, as well as letters on business and private matters, but also oracular decisions and other records of religious practice. Numerous writing exercises testify to a developed curriculum in school education. As it seems, the present hoard is the residue of a large public archive in the city of Naššān, a local center in the Wadi al-Ǧawf in northern Yemen, covering the entire history of that region from the early 1st millennium BCE up to the 6th century CE. Since their discovery in the 1970s, the sticks have been dispersed in several collections in Yemen and abroad, with about 400 of them housed by the Bavarian State Library in Munich and another 340 by the Oosters Instituut in Leiden. \n\nThough examination of this type of document is still in its infancy, present research on this and other collections has already yielded rich and partly unexpected data about economic, social, and religious life in pre-Islamic Arabia. It testifies to a well-established tradition of manuscript writing that flourished in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,500 years—contemporary to the cuneiform culture of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as well as to the early Arabic tradition at the time of the Prophet of Islam.\n","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":65791539,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791539/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65791539/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Semitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65791539/Stein_Semitic_Documents_on_wooden_sticks_2021_Abstract-libre.pdf?1614358262=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSemitic_Documents_on_Wooden_Sticks_Manus.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216717\u0026Signature=FtzVZQnYuRYWhlVs-AkgjxmVrTt2QTeUpwnhLhR0uabmECI2n7i0NtRehyxFnbpdp0RevaL59e~dqwSFU4AaSJ3YPtZfrUraYPJaN-OUF5T52SCY8su1y10VXKsyHB1B~Pwx2s44IXAl1Q-zS1dBYmWjpVYiofQ92UihoXTaHw7MIX2eew2ZstSpLIjaY~az~QN2fmi-~a8PwClQlyoP0wLpS1NwcKG3tUSegiPD07srXLml5q1I~lwCpa0MvSwkcUIeDtm~6~uyRHgUvj7pNdpbLIxe7i5bZQ37YHfCBcEamWaeXINUVLMr0duuBWKq7YNdO91Bru6Ek2UkoKTI9g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages"},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":118875,"name":"Cultural history of the Ancient world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_history_of_the_Ancient_world"},{"id":247114,"name":"South Arabian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-45209951-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45209846"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209846/_together_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arabian_Zab%C5%ABr_Inscriptions_from_Maqwala_near_%E1%B9%A2an%CA%BF%C4%81%CA%BE_Yemen_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_ed_South_Arabian_Long_Distance_Trade_in_Antiquity_Out_of_Arabia_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_2021_pp_310_351"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of (together with S. Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (ed.), South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity — "Out of Arabia", Newcastle upon Tyne 2021, pp. 310–351" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65791475/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45209846/_together_with_S_Rijziger_The_South_Arabian_Zab%C5%ABr_Inscriptions_from_Maqwala_near_%E1%B9%A2an%CA%BF%C4%81%CA%BE_Yemen_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_ed_South_Arabian_Long_Distance_Trade_in_Antiquity_Out_of_Arabia_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_2021_pp_310_351">(together with S. Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (ed.), South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity — "Out of Arabia", Newcastle upon Tyne 2021, pp. 310–351</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SarahRijziger">Sarah Rijziger</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Documentary texts and correspondence from ancient Yemen, incised in wooden sticks and palm-leaf s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Documentary texts and correspondence from ancient Yemen, incised in wooden sticks and palm-leaf stalks, have been known to the scholarly world for a good forty years. Up to now, about 700 documents of this kind have been made accessible for research. Apart from a handful pieces from Raybūn in Ḥaḍramawt, however, the whole corpus known thus far appeared to originate from one single place -the ancient city of Naššān, today as-Sawdāʾ, in the Wādī al-Ǧawf. The documents there formed part of a public archive, a central office for producing and storing the written correspondence of the people living in that city. That such archives must have existed in other cities throughout Yemen as well is a matter of fact, although no material evidence could thus far be found. A couple of years ago, the first archive of this kind in the Yemeni highlands was discovered in the small settlement of Maqwala not far from Ṣanʿāʾ. Originally consisting of several hundreds of inscribed wooden sticks, a mere 200 could be saved, seven of which are documented in the present paper.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-45209846-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-45209846-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313035/figure-1-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313061/figure-14-location-of-maqwala-google-maps-adapted"><img alt="Fig. 14-2: Location of Maqwala (Google maps, adapted). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313081/figure-14-satellite-map-of-the-settlement-google-maps"><img alt="Fig. 14-3: Satellite map of the settlement (Google maps, adapted): the white circle marks the location of the well on Ghasham’s estate, immediately at the north- western edge of the medieval village, which is indicated by the spotted line; the mosque with the Sabaean pillars is marked by a triangle, and the white square indicates the area which was excavated by San‘a’ University in 1997-98. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313097/figure-14-pre-islamic-foundations-still-visible-in-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-4: Pre-Islamic foundations still visible in Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313118/figure-14-the-old-mosque-with-the-re-employed-sabaic"><img alt="Fig. 14-5: The old mosque with the re-employed Sabaic inscription GI 1197. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313130/figure-14-one-of-the-gates-leading-into-the-settlement-of"><img alt="Fig. 14-6: One of the gates leading into the settlement of Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313157/figure-14-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="Fig. 14-7: Another gate. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313179/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-8: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313196/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-9: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313218/figure-14-rock-art-in-the-hills-surrounding-maqwala"><img alt="Fig. 14-10: Rock art in the hills surrounding Maqwala. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313227/figure-11-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313241/figure-14-rocks-in-the-surroundings-of-maqwala-are-covered"><img alt="Rocks in the surroundings of Maqwala are covered with rock art and graffiti from different time periods — from the archaic to presumably quite recent times (Figs. 4-8 to 4,10). Other remains that point to an ancient occupation of the site are a couple of cisterns or reservoirs (sahdarig, sg. sahrig) with traces of lime plaster (gadad) still visible, for water storage, on the slope of a mountain to the left of the asphalted road north to the village (Fig. 14-11), and several foundations of ruins in the surroundings of the settlement. Ancient wells, of which there are said to have been dozens, can be found all around (Fig. 14-12). Although we do not yet know how Maqwala was called in antiquity,‘ " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313254/figure-13-the-south-arabian-zabir-inscriptions-from-maqwala"><img alt="The South Arabian zabir inscriptions from Maqwala " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313272/figure-14-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313281/figure-15-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313289/figure-16-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313299/figure-17-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313305/figure-18-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313316/figure-19-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313329/figure-20-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313335/figure-14-maqwala-zabir-maqwala-zabir-right-part"><img alt="Fig. 14-19a: Maqwala-zabir 7. Fig. 14-19b: Maqwala-zabir 7, right part. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313353/figure-22-together-with-rijziger-the-south-arabian-zabr"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/65791475/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41313360/figure-14-maqwala-zabiir-lines-left-part-composition-of-two"><img alt="Fig. 14-19c: Maqwala-zabiir 7, lines 5-7 (left part), composition of two detail photographs. The document lists a number of (unspecified) goods which are attributed to certain persons or clans identified by their signature at the end of each entry. An account of quite similar structure, which also exhibits some lexical parallel to the present text, is X.BSB 19. Remarkable in the present account is the observation that the seven lines start with a continuously ascending number which appears not to form part of the following text. Rather, these numerals serve for numbering the entries — from the first to the seventh — by using the cardinal numbers, not ordinals. The specific usage of the numeral in the first line (cf. the comments to line 1, below) makes clear that these numbers stand for a sequence of days on which the respective business listed thereafter was executed. 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Rijziger) The South Arabian Zabūr Inscriptions from Maqwala, near Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen, in: G. Hatke/R. 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Preliminary Report on the 2015 Belgian Excavations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63336011/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43081214/The_Mleiha_Area_F_Graveyard_Sharjah_U_A_E_Preliminary_Report_on_the_2015_Belgian_Excavations">The Mleiha Area F Graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.). Preliminary Report on the 2015 Belgian Excavations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://kmkg-mrah.academia.edu/BrunoOverlaet">Bruno Overlaet</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LaurenceVanGoethem">Laurence Van Goethem</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BartDePrez">Bart De Prez</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annual Sharjah Archaeology 15</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Area F is situated in the SouthWestern part of Mleiha. Four monumental tombs had been excavated a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Area F is situated in the SouthWestern part of Mleiha. Four monumental tombs had been excavated and a fifth had been located but not excavated by a French expedition in 1986-89. Excavations on this 5th tomb were started and exploratory trenches were opened in 2015 by the Belgian team. The first results indicate the tomb was decorated with stepped crenelated lime bricks and had two connected underground burial chambers. A unique bilingual funerary inscription in Ancient South Arabic script and Aramaic from the late 3 rd century BCE identifies the owner as a functionary in the service of the king of Oman.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32c383eb28f6fae3feceb5435bb0855e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":63336011,"asset_id":43081214,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63336011/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43081214"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43081214"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43081214; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43081214]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43081214]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43081214; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43081214']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32c383eb28f6fae3feceb5435bb0855e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43081214]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43081214,"title":"The Mleiha Area F Graveyard, Sharjah (U.A.E.). 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Four monumental tombs had been excavated and a fifth had been located but not excavated by a French expedition in 1986-89. Excavations on this 5th tomb were started and exploratory trenches were opened in 2015 by the Belgian team. The first results indicate the tomb was decorated with stepped crenelated lime bricks and had two connected underground burial chambers. A unique bilingual funerary inscription in Ancient South Arabic script and Aramaic from the late 3 rd century BCE identifies the owner as a functionary in the service of the king of Oman.","owner":{"id":1323017,"first_name":"Bruno","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Overlaet","page_name":"BrunoOverlaet","domain_name":"kmkg-mrah","created_at":"2012-03-19T00:42:58.709-07:00","display_name":"Bruno Overlaet","url":"https://kmkg-mrah.academia.edu/BrunoOverlaet"},"attachments":[{"id":63336011,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63336011/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ASA_Vol_15_2018_report_201520200516-97542-btm2qv.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63336011/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Mleiha_Area_F_Graveyard_Sharjah_U_A.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63336011/ASA_Vol_15_2018_report_201520200516-97542-btm2qv-libre.pdf?1589698248=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Mleiha_Area_F_Graveyard_Sharjah_U_A.pdf\u0026Expires=1743164536\u0026Signature=AbydE7eFdgXt3bcQlk2lInGyLyBCnA~H8Js5UZvi0eh1H9sRuMYbOhn0j8gUTiPJlpFpT6YJULG9Rzv2ZkmHxMqBrtQ~F7LHPG3uwWhTdPD3kjivkwINvwcyV5YZhwD5Lv4vPG5b5pXKVsG6gZlecu-~Pa3ILftyPXOUNxvArFa-yrZ6Q9dgChGG8Jwk2A7IHb5K0WWgmDOBHCDQi0bb3LpBYD2SoZJDUudgopIRTwxwp1mTjgxwS5cC4rl~NGx7m3OOLV-UnWdjWR6U1kopRHNJsXU07l7omfjnUW7Pju1Uq28oFdj2kM5fli2-TJu29uoyTFDDXK2Lm7scHfMlBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25403,"name":"Archaeology of Oman peninsula","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Oman_peninsula"},{"id":97680,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Archaeology"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39806539"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39806539/Languages_and_Scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_in_the_Hellenistic_Period_The_Epigraphic_Evidence_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_U_A_E_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_eds_Ancient_South_Arabia_through_History_Kingdoms_Tribes_and_Traders_Cambridge_2019_pp_118_142"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Languages and Scripts in the Arabian Gulf in the Hellenistic Period: The Epigraphic Evidence from Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E.), in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (eds.), Ancient South Arabia through History: Kingdoms, Tribes, and Traders, Cambridge 2019, pp. 118–142" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59991510/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39806539/Languages_and_Scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_in_the_Hellenistic_Period_The_Epigraphic_Evidence_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_U_A_E_in_G_Hatke_R_Ruzicka_eds_Ancient_South_Arabia_through_History_Kingdoms_Tribes_and_Traders_Cambridge_2019_pp_118_142">Languages and Scripts in the Arabian Gulf in the Hellenistic Period: The Epigraphic Evidence from Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E.), in: G. Hatke/R. Ruzicka (eds.), Ancient South Arabia through History: Kingdoms, Tribes, and Traders, Cambridge 2019, pp. 118–142</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eastem Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south-and northwestem parts of the Pe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eastem Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south-and northwestem parts of the Peninsula, in terms of the linguistic situation in pre-Islamic times. This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotypical "Hasaitic" tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d5a86c92410e60f54ce97d3c6ea162e6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59991510,"asset_id":39806539,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59991510/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39806539"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39806539"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39806539; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39806539]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39806539]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39806539; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39806539']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d5a86c92410e60f54ce97d3c6ea162e6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39806539]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39806539,"title":"Languages and Scripts in the Arabian Gulf in the Hellenistic Period: The Epigraphic Evidence from Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E.), in: G. 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These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC."},"translated_abstract":"Eastem Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south-and northwestem parts of the Peninsula, in terms of the linguistic situation in pre-Islamic times. This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotypical \"Hasaitic\" tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. 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The Sabaic minuscule inscription Mon.script.sab. 129, in: Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 34 (2004), pp. 331-341" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58724630/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38646207/A_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_inscription_Mon_script_sab_129_in_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_34_2004_pp_331_341">A Sabaic proverb. The Sabaic minuscule inscription Mon.script.sab. 129, in: Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 34 (2004), pp. 331-341</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-38646207-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-38646207-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17783096/figure-1-sabaic-proverb-the-sabaic-minuscule-inscription-in"><img alt="FIGURE 1. Mon.script.sab. 129. 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The Sabaic minuscule inscription Mon.script.sab. 129, in: Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 34 (2004), pp. 331-341","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38646207/A_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_inscription_Mon_script_sab_129_in_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_34_2004_pp_331_341","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-03-27T10:59:11.401-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58724630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58724630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_A_Sabaic_Proverb_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58724630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58724630/Stein_A_Sabaic_Proverb_2004-libre.pdf?1553715323=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=CCgWKxtk7qTc~EbTAoEtHnB6rOH~baV2kb9vlf4WyRV~XJnHBZwCZkkih-EqTmXqlXfbfoCupgLOl70qYds-p8hLgttZTHcD2jWT2pG7TSldw7u59iHV0SYICKKFi5h4ZFS5N5tBjrGGV-nGKK~A87fcHMZ9Bmcqx~UTxBPERalOJR4g0BkRMYF7gpAfQY6ZTuESLLwnKgJx~0vlWo1Uxq1op952Pk5uPlIJ0KiIsHNr~8~ZPEuxKU1p4~5iS9kK~Xo1fm4Do-bW8pMRkd8OzjEkFZnOQwMKO6BNybgSscV9Eg0ALkvGCePSU23qtRIRhUf15vYNk9ZWUmcdGM7ShA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_inscription_Mon_script_sab_129_in_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_34_2004_pp_331_341","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":58724630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58724630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_A_Sabaic_Proverb_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58724630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58724630/Stein_A_Sabaic_Proverb_2004-libre.pdf?1553715323=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Sabaic_proverb_The_Sabaic_minuscule_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=CCgWKxtk7qTc~EbTAoEtHnB6rOH~baV2kb9vlf4WyRV~XJnHBZwCZkkih-EqTmXqlXfbfoCupgLOl70qYds-p8hLgttZTHcD2jWT2pG7TSldw7u59iHV0SYICKKFi5h4ZFS5N5tBjrGGV-nGKK~A87fcHMZ9Bmcqx~UTxBPERalOJR4g0BkRMYF7gpAfQY6ZTuESLLwnKgJx~0vlWo1Uxq1op952Pk5uPlIJ0KiIsHNr~8~ZPEuxKU1p4~5iS9kK~Xo1fm4Do-bW8pMRkd8OzjEkFZnOQwMKO6BNybgSscV9Eg0ALkvGCePSU23qtRIRhUf15vYNk9ZWUmcdGM7ShA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages"},{"id":36589,"name":"Yemen (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yemen_History_"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":187884,"name":"Ancient South Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_South_Arabia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-38646207-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38645486"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38645486/Der_%C3%A4lteste_Stadtplan_der_Welt_Ein_Plan_der_Verteidigungsanlagen_von_Nippur_in_P_Stein_et_al_eds_Hilprecht_Sammlung_vorderasiatischer_Altert%C3%BCmer_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Jena_2017_pp_108_113"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Der "älteste Stadtplan der Welt": Ein Plan der Verteidigungsanlagen von Nippur?, in: P. Stein et al. (eds.), Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017, pp. 108-113" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58723819/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38645486/Der_%C3%A4lteste_Stadtplan_der_Welt_Ein_Plan_der_Verteidigungsanlagen_von_Nippur_in_P_Stein_et_al_eds_Hilprecht_Sammlung_vorderasiatischer_Altert%C3%BCmer_Frau_Professor_Hilprecht_Collection_of_Babylonian_Antiquities_Jena_2017_pp_108_113">Der "älteste Stadtplan der Welt": Ein Plan der Verteidigungsanlagen von Nippur?, in: P. Stein et al. (eds.), Hilprecht-Sammlung vorderasiatischer Altertümer. Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection of Babylonian Antiquities, Jena 2017, pp. 108-113</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein">Peter Stein</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/joachimoelsner">joachim oelsner</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3b68ea184d773e3a20e0b9c6e86f73ed" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58723819,"asset_id":38645486,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58723819/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38645486"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38645486"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38645486; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38645486]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38645486]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38645486; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38645486']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3b68ea184d773e3a20e0b9c6e86f73ed" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38645486]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38645486,"title":"Der \"älteste Stadtplan der Welt\": Ein Plan der Verteidigungsanlagen von Nippur?, in: P. 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"Yahwe und seine Aschera" aus altsüdarabischer Perspektive, in: Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 131 (1) (2019), pp. 1-27" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121979656/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38599516/Gottesname_und_Genitivattribut_Yahwe_und_seine_Aschera_aus_alts%C3%BCdarabischer_Perspektive_in_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_die_Alttestamentliche_Wissenschaft_131_1_2019_pp_1_27">Gottesname und Genitivattribut? "Yahwe und seine Aschera" aus altsüdarabischer Perspektive, in: Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 131 (1) (2019), pp. 1-27</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The discussion about the character of »Ashera« in the inscriptions of Kuntillet Ajrūd and Khirbet...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The discussion about the character of »Ashera« in the inscriptions of Kuntillet Ajrūd and Khirbet el-Kōm revolves around the argument that the determination of a proper name by a genitive attribute is not common in Semitic grammar. In the search for parallels, a Semitic written culture has so far completely been ignored: The inscriptions from Ancient South Arabia provide clear examples of the determination of a divine name by another theonym, but also by a suffixed personal pronoun, which should not be disregarded in the assessment of the ancient Hebrew evidence.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cd7a14330f5f4f3062540dae57d6796b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121979656,"asset_id":38599516,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121979656/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38599516"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38599516"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38599516; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38599516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38599516]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38599516; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38599516']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cd7a14330f5f4f3062540dae57d6796b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38599516]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38599516,"title":"Gottesname und Genitivattribut? \"Yahwe und seine Aschera\" aus altsüdarabischer Perspektive, in: Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 131 (1) (2019), pp. 1-27","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The discussion about the character of »Ashera« in the inscriptions of Kuntillet Ajrūd and Khirbet el-Kōm revolves around the argument that the determination of a proper name by a genitive attribute is not common in Semitic grammar. 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Ḏū Samāwī, die Stammesgottheit der ʾAmīr, im 5. Jh. n. Chr., in: W. Arnold, M. Jursa, W. W. Müller & S. Procházka (Hrsgg.), Philologisches und Historisches zwischen Anatolien und Sokotra. Analecta Semitica In Memoriam Alexander Sima, Wiesbaden 2009, pp. 339-350" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57836407/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37834554/Monotheismus_oder_religi%C3%B6se_Vielfalt_%E1%B8%8E%C5%AB_Sam%C4%81w%C4%AB_die_Stammesgottheit_der_%CA%BEAm%C4%ABr_im_5_Jh_n_Chr_in_W_Arnold_M_Jursa_W_W_M%C3%BCller_and_S_Proch%C3%A1zka_Hrsgg_Philologisches_und_Historisches_zwischen_Anatolien_und_Sokotra_Analecta_Semitica_In_Memoriam_Alexander_Sima_Wiesbaden_2009_pp_339_350">Monotheismus oder religiöse Vielfalt? Ḏū Samāwī, die Stammesgottheit der ʾAmīr, im 5. Jh. n. Chr., in: W. Arnold, M. Jursa, W. W. Müller & S. Procházka (Hrsgg.), Philologisches und Historisches zwischen Anatolien und Sokotra. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37834554-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37039234"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37039234/The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Peninsula_in_the_second_half_of_the_first_millennium_BC_in_M_C_A_Macdonald_ed_Languages_scripts_and_their_uses_in_ancient_North_Arabia_Oxford_2018_Supplement_to_the_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_48_pp_39_49"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The role of Aramaic on the Arabian Peninsula in the second half of the first millennium BC, in: M.C.A. Macdonald (ed.), Languages, scripts and their uses in ancient North Arabia, Oxford 2018 (Supplement to the Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 48), pp. 39-49" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56989561/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37039234/The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Peninsula_in_the_second_half_of_the_first_millennium_BC_in_M_C_A_Macdonald_ed_Languages_scripts_and_their_uses_in_ancient_North_Arabia_Oxford_2018_Supplement_to_the_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_48_pp_39_49">The role of Aramaic on the Arabian Peninsula in the second half of the first millennium BC, in: M.C.A. Macdonald (ed.), Languages, scripts and their uses in ancient North Arabia, Oxford 2018 (Supplement to the Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 48), pp. 39-49</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Epigraphic records from ancient Arabia comprise not only inscriptions in the local languages and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Epigraphic records from ancient Arabia comprise not only inscriptions in the local languages and scripts of the region, but also texts in Aramaic. Only recently, places such as TaymāΜ in the north and Mleiha (MulayΉah) in the east of the Peninsula have been shown to be remarkable examples of places where the Aramaic language and script were used during the Achaemenid and Seleucid periods. The evidence from these sites raises several questions, which will be addressed in this paper: when did writing in Aramaic begin in these places, and why there specifically? How much mutual influence can be seen between Aramaic and the local languages and scripts in each of those regions? What is the relationship between the foreign and local languages in terms of their use for administrative, social, and religious purposes?</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="817138e8f1fc01241fb43a1da056b8f5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56989561,"asset_id":37039234,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56989561/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37039234"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37039234"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37039234; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37039234]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37039234]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37039234; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37039234']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "817138e8f1fc01241fb43a1da056b8f5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37039234]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37039234,"title":"The role of Aramaic on the Arabian Peninsula in the second half of the first millennium BC, in: M.C.A. Macdonald (ed.), Languages, scripts and their uses in ancient North Arabia, Oxford 2018 (Supplement to the Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 48), pp. 39-49","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Epigraphic records from ancient Arabia comprise not only inscriptions in the local languages and scripts of the region, but also texts in Aramaic. Only recently, places such as TaymāΜ in the north and Mleiha (MulayΉah) in the east of the Peninsula have been shown to be remarkable examples of places where the Aramaic language and script were used during the Achaemenid and Seleucid periods. The evidence from these sites raises several questions, which will be addressed in this paper: when did writing in Aramaic begin in these places, and why there specifically? How much mutual influence can be seen between Aramaic and the local languages and scripts in each of those regions? What is the relationship between the foreign and local languages in terms of their use for administrative, social, and religious purposes?"},"translated_abstract":"Epigraphic records from ancient Arabia comprise not only inscriptions in the local languages and scripts of the region, but also texts in Aramaic. Only recently, places such as TaymāΜ in the north and Mleiha (MulayΉah) in the east of the Peninsula have been shown to be remarkable examples of places where the Aramaic language and script were used during the Achaemenid and Seleucid periods. The evidence from these sites raises several questions, which will be addressed in this paper: when did writing in Aramaic begin in these places, and why there specifically? How much mutual influence can be seen between Aramaic and the local languages and scripts in each of those regions? What is the relationship between the foreign and local languages in terms of their use for administrative, social, and religious purposes?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37039234/The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Peninsula_in_the_second_half_of_the_first_millennium_BC_in_M_C_A_Macdonald_ed_Languages_scripts_and_their_uses_in_ancient_North_Arabia_Oxford_2018_Supplement_to_the_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_48_pp_39_49","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-07-13T06:13:05.400-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56989561,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56989561/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_The_role_of_Aramaic_2018_Abstract.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56989561/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Penin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56989561/Stein_The_role_of_Aramaic_2018_Abstract-libre.pdf?1531488342=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Penin.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=guM8PdVDfaovrVtSQCVUASjYUwyJLSlsuMmm7V3wZJmqFs~NLZUOkxqUugugnKXfMV4vH5WEo~k~98aGVOT~G9yhoZE~-UKmz8GGXk1z4jO6-JeaqdULSVgU1lcVjChklGXpj7U5GwnmXgIOWnWje0lE1nnUxXc~U3dSOzWdadvlO59sgaB8IHNLHoS9WnBV9Ya85smn2D3-KzfljX34gTHriEOd4iJ2mt8pMQeQ0f3acIwcasalWRxjDNaG6Y2fs8B~pPqmAgVsQLkFEubHbBZ9LkbIZxQN5UB~NMKV0hp7elQXH2n2Grijz~vpVrIy0nnsKNiPWtNNtSqmAvrN0g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Peninsula_in_the_second_half_of_the_first_millennium_BC_in_M_C_A_Macdonald_ed_Languages_scripts_and_their_uses_in_ancient_North_Arabia_Oxford_2018_Supplement_to_the_Proceedings_of_the_Seminar_for_Arabian_Studies_48_pp_39_49","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Epigraphic records from ancient Arabia comprise not only inscriptions in the local languages and scripts of the region, but also texts in Aramaic. 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What is the relationship between the foreign and local languages in terms of their use for administrative, social, and religious purposes?","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":56989561,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56989561/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_The_role_of_Aramaic_2018_Abstract.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56989561/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Penin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56989561/Stein_The_role_of_Aramaic_2018_Abstract-libre.pdf?1531488342=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_role_of_Aramaic_on_the_Arabian_Penin.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=guM8PdVDfaovrVtSQCVUASjYUwyJLSlsuMmm7V3wZJmqFs~NLZUOkxqUugugnKXfMV4vH5WEo~k~98aGVOT~G9yhoZE~-UKmz8GGXk1z4jO6-JeaqdULSVgU1lcVjChklGXpj7U5GwnmXgIOWnWje0lE1nnUxXc~U3dSOzWdadvlO59sgaB8IHNLHoS9WnBV9Ya85smn2D3-KzfljX34gTHriEOd4iJ2mt8pMQeQ0f3acIwcasalWRxjDNaG6Y2fs8B~pPqmAgVsQLkFEubHbBZ9LkbIZxQN5UB~NMKV0hp7elQXH2n2Grijz~vpVrIy0nnsKNiPWtNNtSqmAvrN0g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy"},{"id":35213,"name":"Achaemenid History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_History"},{"id":83981,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Studies"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37039234-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36758188"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36758188/_with_Anne_Multhoff_The_bilingual_tomb_inscription_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_palaeographical_and_philological_remarks_in_Arabian_Archaeology_and_Epigraphy_29_2018_pp_55_64"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of (with Anne Multhoff) The bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE —palaeographical and philological remarks, in: Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 29 (2018), pp. 55-64" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56704564/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36758188/_with_Anne_Multhoff_The_bilingual_tomb_inscription_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_UAE_palaeographical_and_philological_remarks_in_Arabian_Archaeology_and_Epigraphy_29_2018_pp_55_64">(with Anne Multhoff) The bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE —palaeographical and philological remarks, in: Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 29 (2018), pp. 55-64</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Aramaic-Hasaitic bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha published in Arabian Archaeology and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Aramaic-Hasaitic bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha published in Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 27 (2016) is one of the most important epigraphic discoveries from the entire Gulf region. The inscription, which is in an extraordinarily good state of preservation, is not only one of the most comprehensive texts from the region in terms of its languages and scripts, but also provides unique historical information. It contains the first ever reference to a kingdom of Oman and is probably dated to the Seleucid era, about the year 222/221 or 215/ 214 BCE (Overlaet, Macdonald & Stein, 2016). Within two years of its publication , epigraphic research in Mleiha and beyond has yielded some new results which contribute to an improved perception of this extraordinary inscription. These mainly concern the palaeography of the Aramaic script, including the modified reading of some letters, the use of the word br for 'son', and the historical background of the functionary title bqr in the Hasaitic version. Finally, reference is made to some more epigraphic artefacts from Mleiha which are suitable for re-evaluating<br />the historic importance of the site.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="da35f1259d365665234976b193d3875a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56704564,"asset_id":36758188,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56704564/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36758188"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36758188"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36758188; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36758188]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36758188]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36758188; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36758188']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "da35f1259d365665234976b193d3875a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36758188]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36758188,"title":"(with Anne Multhoff) The bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE —palaeographical and philological remarks, in: Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 29 (2018), pp. 55-64","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Aramaic-Hasaitic bilingual tomb inscription from Mleiha published in Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 27 (2016) is one of the most important epigraphic discoveries from the entire Gulf region. 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Within two years of its publication , epigraphic research in Mleiha and beyond has yielded some new results which contribute to an improved perception of this extraordinary inscription. These mainly concern the palaeography of the Aramaic script, including the modified reading of some letters, the use of the word br for 'son', and the historical background of the functionary title bqr in the Hasaitic version. 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The inscription, which is in an extraordinarily good state of preservation, is not only one of the most comprehensive texts from the region in terms of its languages and scripts, but also provides unique historical information. It contains the first ever reference to a kingdom of Oman and is probably dated to the Seleucid era, about the year 222/221 or 215/ 214 BCE (Overlaet, Macdonald \u0026 Stein, 2016). Within two years of its publication , epigraphic research in Mleiha and beyond has yielded some new results which contribute to an improved perception of this extraordinary inscription. These mainly concern the palaeography of the Aramaic script, including the modified reading of some letters, the use of the word br for 'son', and the historical background of the functionary title bqr in the Hasaitic version. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-36535501-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35610930"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35610930/Schreiben_Mei%C3%9Feln_Fehler_machen_Zur_Funktion_von_Schrift_im_%C3%B6ffentlichen_Raum_im_antiken_S%C3%BCdarabien_in_L_Nehm%C3%A9_A_Al_Jallad_eds_To_the_Madbar_and_Back_Again_Studies_in_the_Languages_Archaeology_and_Cultures_of_Arabia_Dedicated_to_Michael_C_A_Macdonald_Leiden_Boston_2018_pp_154_201"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Schreiben, Meißeln, Fehler machen. Zur Funktion von Schrift im öffentlichen Raum im antiken Südarabien, in: L. Nehmé/A. Al-Jallad (eds.), To the Madbar and Back Again. Studies in the Languages, Archaeology, and Cultures of Arabia Dedicated to Michael C.A. Macdonald, Leiden/Boston 2018, pp. 154-201" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84842689/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35610930/Schreiben_Mei%C3%9Feln_Fehler_machen_Zur_Funktion_von_Schrift_im_%C3%B6ffentlichen_Raum_im_antiken_S%C3%BCdarabien_in_L_Nehm%C3%A9_A_Al_Jallad_eds_To_the_Madbar_and_Back_Again_Studies_in_the_Languages_Archaeology_and_Cultures_of_Arabia_Dedicated_to_Michael_C_A_Macdonald_Leiden_Boston_2018_pp_154_201">Schreiben, Meißeln, Fehler machen. Zur Funktion von Schrift im öffentlichen Raum im antiken Südarabien, in: L. Nehmé/A. Al-Jallad (eds.), To the Madbar and Back Again. Studies in the Languages, Archaeology, and Cultures of Arabia Dedicated to Michael C.A. Macdonald, Leiden/Boston 2018, pp. 154-201</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ancient South Arabia appears to us as a civilisation of script. More than 10,000 inscriptions fro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ancient South Arabia appears to us as a civilisation of script. More than 10,000 inscriptions from there have been known to date, and this is certainly only the tip of the iceberg. Nevertheless the ability of reading and writing among the population was very low, as writing (and reading) remained restricted to only a small group of professional scribes. Regarding the countless inscriptions which were distributed in the public spaces of South Arabia, the question arises for which purpose these texts were in fact composed, whom they should actually address. If hardly anybody was able to read all these public announcements, building inscriptions and votive texts, what was the purpose of their public display?<br />One answer to this question which is put forward in the present paper is that the main objective of the inscriptions was to give a good external impression, but not necessarily to have a well-composed and accurate text. In other words: the value of a good inscription was not so much seen in a stylistically and orthographically perfect text but rather in the visual aesthetics of a perfect script on an undamaged surface. For this reason, the scribes tended to leave errors in the text unchanged in order not to impair the representative character of the inscription. In consequence we must be aware that scribal errors may occur in any inscription – however perfect and professionally made it ever may appear to us.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8acaaed7512820c045266734d2bab493" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84842689,"asset_id":35610930,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84842689/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35610930"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35610930"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35610930; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35610930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35610930]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35610930; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35610930']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8acaaed7512820c045266734d2bab493" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35610930]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35610930,"title":"Schreiben, Meißeln, Fehler machen. 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A . Macdonald</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/MarijnvanPutten">Marijn van Putten</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/BirteKristiansen">Birte Kristiansen</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leidenuni.academia.edu/ArabianEpigraphicNotes">Arabian Epigraphic Notes</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Arabian Epigraphic Notes (ISSN: 2451-8875) is a journal of the Leiden Center for the Study of Anc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Arabian Epigraphic Notes (ISSN: 2451-8875) is a journal of the Leiden Center for the Study of Ancient Arabia. It is dedicated to the publication of epigraphy from Arabia and the discussion of relevant historical and linguistic issues.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="708f42bfd702ca7f542356bd99839dd7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37847181,"asset_id":12828256,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37847181/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="12828256"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12828256"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12828256; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12828256]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12828256]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12828256; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='12828256']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "708f42bfd702ca7f542356bd99839dd7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=12828256]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":12828256,"title":"Announcing Arabian Epigraphic Notes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Arabian Epigraphic Notes (ISSN: 2451-8875) is a journal of the Leiden Center for the Study of Ancient Arabia. 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This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotype “Hasaitic” tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0f8a3d1f8e38ac974e814672475d8139" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58112751,"asset_id":33460959,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58112751/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33460959"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33460959"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33460959; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33460959]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33460959]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33460959; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33460959']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0f8a3d1f8e38ac974e814672475d8139" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33460959]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33460959,"title":"Languages and scripts at the Arabian Gulf in the Hellenistic period: The epigraphic evidence from Mleiha (Sharjah, U.A.E)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Eastern Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south- and northwestern parts of the Peninsula, in terms of the linguistic situation in pre-Islamic times. This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotype “Hasaitic” tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC.","ai_title_tag":"Hellenistic Languages and Inscriptions in Mleiha, U.A.E."},"translated_abstract":"Eastern Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south- and northwestern parts of the Peninsula, in terms of the linguistic situation in pre-Islamic times. This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotype “Hasaitic” tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33460959/Languages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gulf_in_the_Hellenistic_period_The_epigraphic_evidence_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_U_A_E_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-06-14T07:44:36.589-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11714025,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58112751,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58112751/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Languages_and_scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_draft_2018.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58112751/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Languages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gul.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58112751/Stein_Languages_and_scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_draft_2018-libre.pdf?1546598874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLanguages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gul.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=b~0PHh8dQOxkpA9069xYQv-jt0Uhn-CNmysXtCz1p8N3XU4SCvm9evoQMiQURzzZPXnTKpP~xJDF2Wxhzz4blUEmdXVex2pZRwS8f08W9hY3eeWBUmBPy7odKo17ZPXk~AhMpZnMakncsJJ-1e7GCmynGHhOp4rV0lEDlZlMrM7Yn96Am~xWSetIDaNyhnreiekOCjfhjyPOH6Kd2FQOStIRfa950dvI~xOmcmDzxs~kjM5wGHMQFUWdQIB7sxdCr7evehk~e7oA8pEHTxM1dPNxY5n-LyPcFd5tymIqVl1kvEdn2Cjtgyqn6rtjcEbjxqYxnUVnuP7j8dp0ZwQihw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Languages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gulf_in_the_Hellenistic_period_The_epigraphic_evidence_from_Mleiha_Sharjah_U_A_E_","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Eastern Arabia has long been underexposed, compared with the south- and northwestern parts of the Peninsula, in terms of the linguistic situation in pre-Islamic times. This is mainly due to the fact that epigraphic evidence from the region is still rather sparse – comprising some forty rather stereotype “Hasaitic” tomb inscriptions and a few small fragments in Aramaic. Only the site of Mleiha stands out from this picture inasmuch as not only the number of inscriptions from there is comparatively high, but also completely new text genres have been found there. These are particularly two votive inscriptions: one in Aramaic and one in Hasaitic – more precisely, in the South Arabian zabūr script which was used in ancient Yemen for everyday correspondence on wooden sticks. These testify for a differentiated use of writing in the region in the 3rd–2nd centuries BC.","owner":{"id":11714025,"first_name":"Peter","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stein","page_name":"PeterStein","domain_name":"uni-jena","created_at":"2014-05-02T00:56:50.407-07:00","display_name":"Peter Stein","url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/PeterStein"},"attachments":[{"id":58112751,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58112751/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stein_Languages_and_scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_draft_2018.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58112751/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Languages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gul.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58112751/Stein_Languages_and_scripts_in_the_Arabian_Gulf_draft_2018-libre.pdf?1546598874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLanguages_and_scripts_at_the_Arabian_Gul.pdf\u0026Expires=1743216718\u0026Signature=b~0PHh8dQOxkpA9069xYQv-jt0Uhn-CNmysXtCz1p8N3XU4SCvm9evoQMiQURzzZPXnTKpP~xJDF2Wxhzz4blUEmdXVex2pZRwS8f08W9hY3eeWBUmBPy7odKo17ZPXk~AhMpZnMakncsJJ-1e7GCmynGHhOp4rV0lEDlZlMrM7Yn96Am~xWSetIDaNyhnreiekOCjfhjyPOH6Kd2FQOStIRfa950dvI~xOmcmDzxs~kjM5wGHMQFUWdQIB7sxdCr7evehk~e7oA8pEHTxM1dPNxY5n-LyPcFd5tymIqVl1kvEdn2Cjtgyqn6rtjcEbjxqYxnUVnuP7j8dp0ZwQihw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3292,"name":"Epigraphy (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic"},{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf"},{"id":37609,"name":"Epigraphic South Arabian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphic_South_Arabian"},{"id":83981,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Studies"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture"},{"id":587267,"name":"Ancient Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Arabia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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