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(PDF) Filled pauses and gestures: It's not coincidence
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We suggest that it may be helpful in furthering our knowledge of these phenomena to examine their relationship to each other. To this end, we" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Filled pauses and gestures: It's not coincidence" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Though filled pauses and gestures frequently accompany speech, their function is not well understood. We suggest that it may be helpful in furthering our knowledge of these phenomena to examine their relationship to each other. 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{"work":{"id":123483920,"created_at":"2024-09-02T08:52:57.120-07:00","from_world_paper_id":258871783,"updated_at":"2025-01-22T21:11:16.700-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media","grobid_abstract":"Though filled pauses and gestures frequently accompany speech, their function is not well understood. We suggest that it may be helpful in furthering our knowledge of these phenomena to examine their relationship to each other. To this end, we carried out two studies examining whether they tend to occur together, or to occur at separate times. Both faculty colloquium speakers\" and undergraduate subjects used filled pauses less frequently when they were gesturing than when they were not gesturing. This effect held for 30 out of 31 subjects. We suggest that detailed theories may be premature, but speculate that gestures may be an indication that the speech production apparatus has completed its search for the next word, phrase or idea and is ready to continue. When people talk, no matter what the content or purpose of their speech, they tend to do two things. They wave their arms about and they say \"urn.\" In studies of the speech mannerisms of lecturers in a variety of academic disciplines (Schachter, Christenfeld, Ravina, \u0026 Bilous, 1990), we noticed what appeared to be a consistent dissociation between these two phenomena. It was our observation that lecturers rarely seemed to use filled pauses (the term for such interruptions in the flow of speech as \"uh,\" \"ah,\" \"'er,\" and \"um\") while gesturing. It is the purpose of We thank Bernard Ravina, Julie Odegard, and Kathrin Wanner for their help with the data collection and Barbara Landau and Robert Krauss for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.","publication_date":"1991,,","publication_name":"Journal of Psycholinguistic Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"117904355"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Filled pauses and gestures: It's not coincidence","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true,"seo_quality":null}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [266904361]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":117904355,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Filled pauses and gestures: It's not coincidence”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/117904355/mini_magick20240902-1-e84ub9.png?1725292442" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Filled pauses and gestures: It's not coincidence</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="266904361" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FrancesRauscher"><img alt="Profile image of Frances Rauscher" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Frances Rauscher</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1991, Journal of Psycholinguistic Research</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">10 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 123483920; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Though filled pauses and gestures frequently accompany speech, their function is not well understood. We suggest that it may be helpful in furthering our knowledge of these phenomena to examine their relationship to each other. To this end, we carried out two studies examining whether they tend to occur together, or to occur at separate times. Both faculty colloquium speakers" and undergraduate subjects used filled pauses less frequently when they were gesturing than when they were not gesturing. This effect held for 30 out of 31 subjects. We suggest that detailed theories may be premature, but speculate that gestures may be an indication that the speech production apparatus has completed its search for the next word, phrase or idea and is ready to continue. When people talk, no matter what the content or purpose of their speech, they tend to do two things. They wave their arms about and they say "urn." In studies of the speech mannerisms of lecturers in a variety of academic disciplines (Schachter, Christenfeld, Ravina, & Bilous, 1990), we noticed what appeared to be a consistent dissociation between these two phenomena. It was our observation that lecturers rarely seemed to use filled pauses (the term for such interruptions in the flow of speech as "uh," "ah," "'er," and "um") while gesturing. It is the purpose of We thank Bernard Ravina, Julie Odegard, and Kathrin Wanner for their help with the data collection and Barbara Landau and Robert Krauss for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><div class="primary-buttons cite-share-variant"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":117904355,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span>See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":117904355,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://www.academia.edu/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence","location":"/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence","scheme":"https","host":"www.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/123483920/Filled_pauses_and_gestures_Its_not_coincidence","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="CitationButton" data-props="{"entity_id":123483920,"citations":[{"name":"MLA","citation":"Rauscher, Frances. “Filled Pauses and Gestures: It's Not Coincidence.” Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, Springer Science+Business Media, 1991."},{"name":"APA","citation":"Rauscher, F. 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Ferreira), the use of eye movements to assess the effect of ageing on specific aspects of cognitive performance (Belke and Meyer), how gesture can be used to better understand cross-linguistic differences (Kita et al.), and advanced theory development in the well-studied domain of single-word production (Roelofs; La Heij et al.; and Roelofs).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Words, pauses, and gestures: New directions in language production research","attachmentId":5829328,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/954022/Words_pauses_and_gestures_New_directions_in_language_production_research","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/954022/Words_pauses_and_gestures_New_directions_in_language_production_research"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="29727356" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29727356/Hesitation_Thoughts_pauses_gestures_and_speech">Hesitation: Thoughts, pauses, gestures and speech</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8958307" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/NatalyaSukhova">Natalya Sukhova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 10th World Congress of the International Association For Semiotic Studies Recurso Electronico Culture of Communication Communication of Culture Culture De La Communication Communication De La Culture Cultura De La Comunicacion Comunicacion De La Cultura 2012 Isbn 978 84 9749 522 6, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hesitation: Thoughts, pauses, gestures and speech","attachmentId":50182592,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29727356/Hesitation_Thoughts_pauses_gestures_and_speech","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29727356/Hesitation_Thoughts_pauses_gestures_and_speech"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="106319372" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/106319372/Pragmatics_and_Cognition_Exploring_the_status_of_filled_pauses_as_pragmatic_markers_the_role_of_gaze_and_gesture">Pragmatics & Cognition Exploring the status of filled pauses as pragmatic markers: the role of gaze and gesture</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="55902236" href="https://u-pec.academia.edu/LoulouKosmala">Loulou Kosmala</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The present study aims to explore the status of filled pauses as pragmatic markers by taking into account their accompanying visual and gestural behavior. This aspect has not yet been widely explored, and the current study breaks new ground by demonstrating that the analysis of gaze and gesture can shed substantial light on the pragmatic functions of filled pauses and other pausing phenomena. Filled pauses (FPs) serve several pragmatic functions in speech, mainly planning but also turn-holding and emphasis, and their use is also highly determined by register and setting. This research explores the different pragmatic functions of FPs by analyzing their distribution in two different communication settings (conversation vs presentation setting), combining a quantitative and a qualitative methodology, following Kosmala & Crible’s (2021) study on the same data. Particular attention was paid to the co-occurring gestural activity of uh/ums and gaze behavior. Analyses show that the pragmatic functions of FPs are also embodied in kinetic activities which differ according to the setting: more pragmatic and referential ones were found during FPs in conversation than in the presentation setting, as well as more eye-contact, which reflects their potential communicative role during interactional sequences.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pragmatics \u0026 Cognition Exploring the status of filled pauses as pragmatic markers: the role of gaze and gesture","attachmentId":105549409,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106319372/Pragmatics_and_Cognition_Exploring_the_status_of_filled_pauses_as_pragmatic_markers_the_role_of_gaze_and_gesture","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/106319372/Pragmatics_and_Cognition_Exploring_the_status_of_filled_pauses_as_pragmatic_markers_the_role_of_gaze_and_gesture"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="64037960" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64037960/Effects_of_Encouraging_the_Use_of_Gestures_on_Speech">Effects of Encouraging the Use of Gestures on Speech</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10544338" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/AliceCr">Alice Cravotta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Purpose Previous studies have investigated the effects of the inability to produce hand gestures on speakers&#39; prosodic features of speech; however, the potential effects of encouraging speakers to gesture have received less attention, especially in naturalistic settings. This study aims at investigating the effects of encouraging the production of hand gestures on the following speech correlates: speech discourse length (number of words and discourse length in seconds), disfluencies (filled pauses, self-corrections, repetitions, insertions, interruptions, speech rate), and prosodic properties (measures of fundamental frequency [F0] and intensity). Method Twenty native Italian speakers took part in a narration task in which they had to describe the content of short comic strips to a confederate listener in 1 of the following 2 conditions: (a) nonencouraging condition (N), that is, no instructions about gesturing were given, and (b) encouraging condition (E), that is, the particip...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effects of Encouraging the Use of Gestures on Speech","attachmentId":76261461,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64037960/Effects_of_Encouraging_the_Use_of_Gestures_on_Speech","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64037960/Effects_of_Encouraging_the_Use_of_Gestures_on_Speech"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="16387923" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16387923/Gesture_production_and_speech_fluency_in_competent_speakers_and_language_learners">Gesture production and speech fluency in competent speakers and language learners</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1417114" href="https://lu.academia.edu/MarianneGullberg">Marianne Gullberg</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">It is often assumed that a main function of gestures is to compensate for expressive difficulties. This predicts that gestures should mainly occur with disfluent speech. However, surprisingly little is known about the relationship between gestures and fluent vs. disfluent speech. This study investigates the putative ompensatory role of gesture by examining competent speakers’ and language learners’ gestural production in fluent vs. non-fluent speech. Results show that both competent and less competent speakers predominantly produce gestures during fluent stretches of speech; ongoing gestures during disfluencies are suspended. In all groups, the few gestures that are completed during disfluencies are both referential and pragmatic. The findings strongly suggest that when speech stops, so do gestures, thus supporting the view of speech and gesture as an integrated system.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Gesture production and speech fluency in competent speakers and language learners","attachmentId":42504549,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16387923/Gesture_production_and_speech_fluency_in_competent_speakers_and_language_learners","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16387923/Gesture_production_and_speech_fluency_in_competent_speakers_and_language_learners"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="64037972" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64037972/Restraining_and_encouraging_the_use_of_hand_gestures_Effects_on_speech">Restraining and encouraging the use of hand gestures: Effects on speech</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10544338" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/AliceCr">Alice Cravotta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">9th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2018, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Previous studies have investigated the effects of the inability to make hand gestures on speakers' fluency; however, the question of whether encouraging speakers to gesture affects their fluency has received little attention. This study investigates the effect of restraining (Experiment 1) and encouraging (Experiment 2) hand gestures on the following correlates of speech: speech discourse length (number of words and discourse length in seconds), disfluencies (filled pauses, self-corrections, repetitions, insertions, interruptions, silent pauses), and acoustic properties (speech rate, measures of intensity and pitch). In two experiments, 10 native speakers of Italian took part in a narration task where they were asked to describe comic strips. Each experiment compared two conditions. In Experiment 1, subjects first received no instructions as to how to behave when narrating. Then they were told to sit on their hands while speaking. In Experiment 2, subjects first received no instructions and were then actively encouraged to use hand gestures. The results showed that restraining gestures leads to quieter and slower paced speech, while encouraging gestures triggers longer speech discourse, faster speech rate and more fluent and louder speech. Thus, both restraining and encouraging hand gestures seem to clearly affect prosodic properties of speech, particularly speech fluency.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Restraining and encouraging the use of hand gestures: Effects on speech","attachmentId":76261400,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64037972/Restraining_and_encouraging_the_use_of_hand_gestures_Effects_on_speech","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64037972/Restraining_and_encouraging_the_use_of_hand_gestures_Effects_on_speech"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="38147428" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38147428/research_proposal_gesture_production_during_restricted_speech">research proposal: gesture production during restricted speech</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="100359500" href="https://imperial.academia.edu/KayeWong">Kaye Wong</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"research proposal: gesture production during restricted speech","attachmentId":58179847,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38147428/research_proposal_gesture_production_during_restricted_speech","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38147428/research_proposal_gesture_production_during_restricted_speech"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="28777965" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28777965/The_role_of_speech_related_arm_hand_gestures_in_word_retrieval">The role of speech-related arm/hand gestures in word retrieval</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24377864" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/UriHadar">Uri Hadar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Gesture, Speech, and Sign, 1999</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The role of speech-related arm/hand gestures in word retrieval","attachmentId":49197918,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28777965/The_role_of_speech_related_arm_hand_gestures_in_word_retrieval","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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data-author-id="46291504" href="https://ehu.academia.edu/JCenoz">Jasone Cenoz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pauses and Communication Strategies in Second Language Speech","attachmentId":51103747,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30660635/Pauses_and_Communication_Strategies_in_Second_Language_Speech","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30660635/Pauses_and_Communication_Strategies_in_Second_Language_Speech"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View 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