CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mocama - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"e66f4882-da16-452e-8a01-ce74565d7fe4","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mocama","wgTitle":"Mocama","wgCurRevisionId":1229045604,"wgRevisionId":1229045604,"wgArticleId":6513239,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Short description is different from Wikidata","\"Related ethnic groups\" needing confirmation","Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters","Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands","Native American tribes in Florida","Native American tribes in Georgia (U.S. state)","Timucua"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mocama", "wgRelevantArticleId":6513239,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3317723","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform", "platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/1200px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/800px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/640px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mocama - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocama"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocama"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mocama rootpage-Mocama skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mocama" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mocama" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mocama" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mocama" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mocama</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocama" title="Mocama – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mocama" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocama" title="Mocama – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mocama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocama" title="Mocama – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mocama" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3317723#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mocama" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mocama" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mocama"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mocama"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mocama" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mocama" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&oldid=1229045604" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mocama&id=1229045604&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMocama"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMocama"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mocama&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3317723" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indigenous people of Florida and Georgia, US</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Mocama</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/220px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/330px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg/440px-Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Extinct as tribe</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">North <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> and southeastern <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Mocama dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Timucua_language" title="Timucua language">Timucua language</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Native</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Timucua" title="Timucua">Timucua</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Mocama</b> were a <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> people who lived in the coastal areas of what are now northern <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> and southeastern <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HudsonTesser1994_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HudsonTesser1994-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Timucua" title="Timucua">Timucua</a> group, they spoke the dialect known as Mocama, the best-attested dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Timucua_language" title="Timucua language">Timucua language</a>. Their heartland extended from about the <a href="/wiki/Altamaha_River" title="Altamaha River">Altamaha River</a> in Georgia to south of the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/St._Johns_River" title="St. Johns River">St. John's River</a>, covering the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Islands" title="Sea Islands">Sea Islands</a> and the inland waterways, <a href="/wiki/Intracoastal_Waterway" title="Intracoastal Waterway">Intracoastal</a>. and much of present-day <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacksonville">Jacksonville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FTU_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTU-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of contact with <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europeans</a>, there were two major chiefdoms among the Mocama, the <a href="/wiki/Saturiwa" title="Saturiwa">Saturiwa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tacatacuru" title="Tacatacuru">Tacatacuru</a>, each of which evidently had authority over multiple villages. The <a href="/wiki/Saturiwa" title="Saturiwa">Saturiwa</a> controlled chiefdoms stretching to modern day St. Augustine, but the native peoples of these chiefdoms have been identified by Pareja as speaking Agua Salada, which may have been a distinct dialect.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> came to refer to the entire area as the <a href="/wiki/Mocama_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocama Province">Mocama Province</a>, and incorporated it into their <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish missions in Florida">mission system</a>. The Mocama Province was severely depopulated in the 17th century by infectious disease and warfare with other Indian tribes and the <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> colonies to the north. Surviving Mocama refugees relocated to <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a>. Together with <a href="/wiki/Guale" title="Guale">Guale</a> survivors, 89 "mission Indians" evacuated with the Spanish to <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> in 1763, after they ceded the territory to Great Britain. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mocama spoke a namesake dialect of Timucua, the most well attested form of the language.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mocama literally translates to "the sea" or "of the sea" (Timucua: moca ("sea") + -ma ("<a href="/wiki/Definite_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Definite article">the</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Possessive" title="Possessive">of</a>")).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some modern writings employ the term Mocamo; however, linguist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Granberry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julian Granberry (page does not exist)">Julian Granberry</a> asserts this spelling to be erroneous, being neither present in historical writings nor grammatically possible in Timucua.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological research dates human habitation in the area eventually known as the <a href="/wiki/Mocama_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocama Province">Mocama Province</a> to at least 2500 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashley2008_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashley2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area has yielded some of the oldest known pottery from what is now the United States, uncovered by a <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Florida" title="University of North Florida">University of North Florida</a> team on Black Hammock Island in <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Timucuan_Ecological_and_Historic_Preserve" title="Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve">Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FTU_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTU-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team also excavated more recent artifacts contemporary with the Mocama chiefdoms and some that indicate a Spanish mission.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashley2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashley2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Worth2007_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Worth2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around AD 1000 peoples of the area were engaged in long-distance trading with <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian culture</a> centers, including <a href="/wiki/Cahokia" title="Cahokia">Cahokia</a> (in present-day <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon, Georgia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Penders2005_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Penders2005-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before and during European contact, the peoples of the region spoke the Mocama dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Timucua_language" title="Timucua language">Timucua language</a> and participated in similar cultures, for instance in their use of distinctive <a href="/wiki/Temper_(pottery)" title="Temper (pottery)">grog-tempered</a> pottery known as San Pedro pottery.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Mocama dialect is the best attested dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Timucua_language" title="Timucua language">Timucua language</a>. Some scholars, including <a href="/wiki/Jerald_T._Milanich" title="Jerald T. Milanich">Jerald T. Milanich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_H._Sturtevant" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar H. Sturtevant">Edgar H. Sturtevant</a>, consider the dialect known as Agua Salada, spoken in an unspecified stretch of the Florida coast south of the Mocama Province, to be identical. However, other evidence suggests that Agua Salada was distinct, and more closely related to the western dialects like <a href="/wiki/Potano" title="Potano">Potano</a> than to Mocama.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Huguenot</a> explorers, who first arrived in Florida in 1562, recorded two major chiefdoms in the Mocama region at that time, the <a href="/wiki/Saturiwa" title="Saturiwa">Saturiwa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tacatacuru" title="Tacatacuru">Tacatacuru</a>. The Saturiwa, whose main village was on <a href="/wiki/Fort_George_Island" title="Fort George Island">Fort George Island</a>, were friendly towards the French and aided them in establishing <a href="/wiki/Fort_Caroline" title="Fort Caroline">Fort Caroline</a> in their territory. Huguenot leader <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Goulaine_de_Laudonni%C3%A8re" title="René Goulaine de Laudonnière">René Goulaine de Laudonnière</a> records that their chief, who was known as <a href="/wiki/Saturiwa_(chief)" title="Saturiwa (chief)">Saturiwa</a>, had sovereignty over thirty villages and their chiefs, ten of whom were his "brothers".<sup id="cite_ref-MilanichSaturiwa_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MilanichSaturiwa-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These villages were located around the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/St._Johns_River" title="St. Johns River">St. Johns River</a> and nearby inland waterways. Other Mocama-speaking groups lived in the coastal areas to the north, from <a href="/wiki/Amelia_Island" title="Amelia Island">Amelia Island</a> in Florida to <a href="/wiki/St._Simons_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Simons Island">St. Simons Island</a> in Georgia. The Tacatacuru chiefdom was centered on <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Island" title="Cumberland Island">Cumberland Island</a> and evidently controlled villages on the coast.<sup id="cite_ref-MilanichSaturiwa_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MilanichSaturiwa-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> destroyed the French stronghold of Fort Caroline, both the Saturiwa and the Tacatacuru aided the French and opposed the Spanish, but they eventually made peace. As Mocama was spoken across the area, the Spanish came to refer to it as the Mocama Province, and incorporated it into their <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish missions in Florida">mission system</a>. It was one of the four provinces that made up the bulk of the Spanish mission effort in the region, the others being the <a href="/wiki/Timucua_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Timucua Province">Timucua Province</a> (covering the Timucua groups to the west of the St. Johns River), the <a href="/wiki/Guale_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Guale Province">Guale Province</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Apalachee_Province" title="Apalachee Province">Apalachee Province</a>. The Spanish founded three major missions in the Mocama Province: <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_del_Puerto,_Florida" title="San Juan del Puerto, Florida">San Juan del Puerto</a> at Saturiwa on Fort George Island, <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_de_Mocama" title="San Pedro de Mocama">San Pedro de Mocama</a> at Tacatacuru on Cumberland Island, and Santa Maria de Sena between them on Amelia Island.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas1993_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas1993-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to severe population losses from <a href="/wiki/Infectious_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious disease">infectious disease</a> and warfare with northern Indian tribes and the <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> from <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, the Mocama polity disintegrated in the 17th century. After that, the Spanish and later settlers used the term "Mocama" to refer to the land where the chiefdoms had been. Between 1675 and 1680, the <a href="/wiki/Westo" title="Westo">Westo</a> tribe, backed by the English colonies of <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Carolina" title="Province of Carolina">South Carolina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Colony_and_Dominion_of_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony and Dominion of Virginia">Virginia</a>, along with attacks by English-supported pirates, destroyed the Spanish mission system in Mocama. </p><p>The few remaining "refugee missions" were destroyed by South Carolina's invasion of Spanish Florida in 1702 during <a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a>. By 1733, the Mocama and <a href="/wiki/Guale" title="Guale">Guale</a> chiefdoms had become too depopulated and helpless to resist <a href="/wiki/James_Oglethorpe" title="James Oglethorpe">James Oglethorpe</a>'s founding of the English colony of <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a>. </p><p>In their colonial period, the Spanish established a missionary province at the <a href="/wiki/Guale" title="Guale">Guale</a> chiefdom just north of Mocama, on the Georgia coast between the Altamaha River and the <a href="/wiki/Savannah_River" title="Savannah River">Savannah River</a>. Its history was similar to that of Mocama, and its fate was the same. Remnants of both chiefdoms retreated south to St. Augustine. In 1763, their descendants were among the 89 "mission Indians" evacuated to Cuba with the Spanish. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_de_Mocama" title="San Pedro de Mocama">San Pedro de Mocama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Georgia" title="Spanish missions in Georgia">Spanish missions in Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish missions in Florida">Spanish missions in Florida</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HudsonTesser1994-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HudsonTesser1994_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCharles_M._HudsonCarmen_Chaves_Tesser1994" class="citation book cs1">Charles M. Hudson; Carmen Chaves Tesser (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qNZgglBKi8AC&pg=PA280"><i>The Forgotten Centuries: Indians and Europeans in the American South, 1521-1704</i></a>. University of Georgia Press. p. 280. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-1654-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-1654-3"><bdi>978-0-8203-1654-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Forgotten+Centuries%3A+Indians+and+Europeans+in+the+American+South%2C+1521-1704&rft.pages=280&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8203-1654-3&rft.au=Charles+M.+Hudson&rft.au=Carmen+Chaves+Tesser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqNZgglBKi8AC%26pg%3DPA280&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FTU-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FTU_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FTU_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoergel2009" class="citation news cs1">Soergel, Matt (October 18, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jacksonville.com/news/metro/2009-10-18/story/the_mocama_new_name_for_an_old_people">"The Mocama: New name for an old people"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Florida_Times-Union" title="The Florida Times-Union">The Florida Times-Union</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Times-Union&rft.atitle=The+Mocama%3A+New+name+for+an+old+people&rft.date=2009-10-18&rft.aulast=Soergel&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjacksonville.com%2Fnews%2Fmetro%2F2009-10-18%2Fstory%2Fthe_mocama_new_name_for_an_old_people&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilanich1996" class="citation book cs1">Milanich, Jerald T. (1996-08-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gLN7Y7XFFU8C&q=salada"><i>Timucua</i></a>. VNR AG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55786-488-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55786-488-8"><bdi>978-1-55786-488-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Timucua&rft.pub=VNR+AG&rft.date=1996-08-14&rft.isbn=978-1-55786-488-8&rft.aulast=Milanich&rft.aufirst=Jerald+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgLN7Y7XFFU8C%26q%3Dsalada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHann1996" class="citation book cs1">Hann, John H. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44956479"><i>A history of the Timucua Indians and missions</i></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8130-1967-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8130-1967-2"><bdi>0-8130-1967-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44956479">44956479</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+the+Timucua+Indians+and+missions&rft.place=Gainesville&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Florida&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44956479&rft.isbn=0-8130-1967-2&rft.aulast=Hann&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F44956479&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian Granberry, <i>A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language</i>, 3rd ed. (University of Alabama Press, 1993), 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian Granberry, <i>A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language</i>, 3rd ed. (University of Alabama Press, 1993), 145-146, 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian Granberry, <i>A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language</i>, 3rd ed. (University of Alabama Press, 1993), 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashley2008-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ashley2008_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeith_Ashley2008" class="citation journal cs1">Keith Ashley (September–December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00205/10">"Refining the Ceramic Chronology of Northeastern Florida"</a>. <i>Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>61</b> (3–4). Florida Anthropological Society: 125.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Refining+the+Ceramic+Chronology+of+Northeastern+Florida&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=125&rft.date=2008-09%2F2008-12&rft.au=Keith+Ashley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00205%2F10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashley2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ashley2006_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeith_Ashley2006" class="citation journal cs1">Keith Ashley (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00194/28">"Colorinda and its Place in Northeastern Florida History"</a>. <i>The Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>59</b> (2). The Florida Anthropological Society: 94.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Colorinda+and+its+Place+in+Northeastern+Florida+History&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=94&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Keith+Ashley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00194%2F28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Worth2007-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Worth2007_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_E._Worth2007" class="citation book cs1">John E. Worth (4 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U5gWyZbNRaoC&pg=PR12"><i>The Struggle for the Georgia Coast</i></a>. University of Alabama Press. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-5411-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-5411-4"><bdi>978-0-8173-5411-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+the+Georgia+Coast&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=University+of+Alabama+Press&rft.date=2007-02-04&rft.isbn=978-0-8173-5411-4&rft.au=John+E.+Worth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU5gWyZbNRaoC%26pg%3DPR12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Penders2005-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Penders2005_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E._Penders2005" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas E. Penders (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00192/109j">"Bone, Antler, Tooth, and Shell Artifacts From the Shields Mound Site"</a>. <i>The Florida Anthropologist</i>. <b>58</b> (3–4). Florida Anthropological Society: 251.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Bone%2C+Antler%2C+Tooth%2C+and+Shell+Artifacts+From+the+Shields+Mound+Site&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=251&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Thomas+E.+Penders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fufdc.ufl.edu%2FUF00027829%2F00192%2F109j&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashley, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Granberry, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MilanichSaturiwa-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MilanichSaturiwa_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MilanichSaturiwa_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Milanich 1996, pp. 48–49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thomas1993-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thomas1993_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Hurst_Thomas1993" class="citation book cs1">David Hurst Thomas (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WPnkAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Tacatacuru%22"><i>Historic Indian Period Archaeology of the Georgia Coastal Zone</i></a>. University of Georgia, Department of Anthropology. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Indian+Period+Archaeology+of+the+Georgia+Coastal+Zone&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia%2C+Department+of+Anthropology&rft.date=1993&rft.au=David+Hurst+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWPnkAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522Tacatacuru%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashley, p. 135.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ashley, Keith H. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unf.edu/~kashley/Other%20Files/Ashley%20-%20Chapter%205.pdf">"Straddling the Florida-Georgia State Line: Ceramic Chronology of the St. Marys Region (AD 1400–1700)"</a>. In Kathleen Deagan and David Hurst Thomas, <i>From Santa Elena to St. Augustine: Indigenous Ceramic Variability (A.D. 1400-1700)</i>, pp. 125–139. New York : American Museum of Natural History</li> <li>Granberry, Julian. (1993). <i>A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language</i> (3rd ed.). Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. (1st edition 1984).</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. (1996) <i>The Timucua.</i> Blackwell Publications, Oxford, UK.</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. (1998a) <i>Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe</i>. The University Press of Florida. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8130-1636-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8130-1636-3">0-8130-1636-3</a>.</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. (1998b) <i>Florida Indians from Ancient Times to the Present.</i> The University Press of Florida. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8130-1599-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8130-1599-5">0-8130-1599-5</a>.</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. (2000) "The Timucua Indians of Northern Florida and Southern Georgia". in McEwan 2000.</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. (2004) "Timucua." In R. D. Fogelson (Ed.), <i>Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast</i>. (Vol. 17) (pp. 219–228) (W. C. Sturtevant, Gen. Ed.). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-16-072300-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-16-072300-0">0-16-072300-0</a>.</li> <li>Milanich, Jerald T. and Samuel Procter, Eds. (1978) <i>Tacachale: Essays on the Indians of Florida and Southeastern Georgia during the Historic Period.</i> The University Presses of Florida. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8130-0535-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8130-0535-3">0-8130-0535-3</a></li> <li>Worth, John E., <i>The Struggle for the Georgia Coast: An Eighteenth-Century Spanish Retrospective on Guale and Mocama</i>, (New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1995; distributed by University of Georgia Press).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocama&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/glynn/st.-simons-park">St. Simons Park</a> historical marker</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mocama&oldid=1229045604">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mocama&oldid=1229045604</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Southeastern_Woodlands" title="Category:Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands">Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_tribes_in_Florida" title="Category:Native American tribes in Florida">Native American tribes in Florida</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_tribes_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Category:Native American tribes in Georgia (U.S. state)">Native American tribes in Georgia (U.S. state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Timucua" title="Category:Timucua">Timucua</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%22Related_ethnic_groups%22_needing_confirmation" title="Category:"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation">"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_infobox_ethnic_group_with_image_parameters" title="Category:Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters">Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 June 2024, at 15:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mocama&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rxgvm","wgBackendResponseTime":187,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.330","walltime":"0.565","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2600,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":23554,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2210,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":45232,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 510.005 1 -total"," 38.61% 196.895 1 Template:Reflist"," 28.81% 146.929 2 Template:Short_description"," 26.95% 137.463 5 Template:Cite_book"," 14.78% 75.393 4 Template:Pagetype"," 14.29% 72.861 1 Template:Infobox_ethnic_group"," 10.99% 56.063 13 Template:Main_other"," 8.69% 44.314 4 Template:ISBN"," 8.60% 43.883 1 Template:Authority_control"," 8.11% 41.368 2 Template:SDcat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.192","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5277564,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-q2cm9","timestamp":"20241122144123","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mocama","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mocama","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3317723","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3317723","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-08-17T03:51:28Z","dateModified":"2024-06-14T15:05:41Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1a\/Map_of_the_Mocama_People.svg","headline":"indigenous people of Florida and Georgia, US"}</script> </body> </html>