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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Negotiations, Fontainebleau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Negotiations,_Fontainebleau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consequences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consequences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Consequences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consequences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pau_de_Lund" title="Pau de Lund – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pau de Lund" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lundsk%C3%BD_m%C3%ADr" title="Lundský mír – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lundský mír" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freden_i_Lund" title="Freden i Lund – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Freden i Lund" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frieden_von_Lund" title="Frieden von Lund – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Frieden von Lund" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_de_Lund" title="Tratado de Lund – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tratado de Lund" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traktato_de_Lund" title="Traktato de Lund – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Traktato de Lund" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paix_de_Lund" title="Paix de Lund – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paix de Lund" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trattato_di_Lund" title="Trattato di Lund – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trattato di Lund" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrede_van_Lund" title="Vrede van Lund – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vrede van Lund" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" title="ルンド条約 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルンド条約" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freden_i_Lund" title="Freden i Lund – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Freden i Lund" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_de_Lund" title="Tratado de Lund – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tratado de Lund" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freden_i_Lund" title="Freden i Lund – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Freden i Lund" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1679 peace treaty between Denmark–Norway and the Swedish Empire</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Peace of Lund</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">Freden i Lund</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg/200px-Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg/300px-Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg/400px-Kungshuset_i_Lund.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Kungshuset" title="Kungshuset">Kungshuset</a> (Royal castle) in <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">Peace treaty</a></li><li>Alliance</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">26 September 1679</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="yes"><img alt="Swedish Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI of Sweden</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway"><img alt="Denmark–Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/46px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V of Denmark</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parties</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="yes"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Swedish Empire</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg/46px-Royal_Standard_of_Denmark_%281731%E2%80%931819%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">Latin</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The <b>Peace of Lund</b>, signed on 16 September (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a>) / 26 September 1679, was the final <a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">peace treaty</a> between <a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Swedish Empire</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Scanian_War" title="Scanian War">Scanian War</a>. </p><p>The war had started when Sweden on <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> initiative attacked <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg-Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Brandenburg-Prussia">Brandenburg-Prussia</a>. Denmark got involved as part of the anti-Franco-Swedish alliance, occupied the <a href="/wiki/Dominions_of_Sweden" title="Dominions of Sweden">Swedish dominions</a> in northern Germany, incorporated the Swedish ally <a href="/wiki/Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Holstein-Gottorp">Holstein-Gottorp</a>, won naval supremacy in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> and recovered some of her <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavian</a> provinces lost in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Copenhagen_(1660)" title="Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)">Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)</a>. Since 1678, France divided the anti-Franco-Swedish alliance by concluding separate peace treaties with its members in the <a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Nijmegen" title="Treaties of Nijmegen">Treaties of Nijmegen</a>. Strengthened by the outcome of these treaties, France strove to relieve her Swedish ally. French military pressure first forced Brandenburg-Prussia into the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1679)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)">Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)</a>, depriving Denmark of her most important ally. </p><p>Just after this had caused Danish and Swedish diplomats to start negotiations in <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a>, French forces crossed into Danish territory and forced Denmark to accept the French-dictated <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1679)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)">Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)</a>, that called for restoring to Sweden all her pre-war possessions and Holstein-Gottorp to its duke. Dano-Swedish negotiations in Lund continued, and the final treaty did not only confirm and detail the terms of Fontainebleau, but also included a secret alliance outlined primarily by <a href="/wiki/Johan_G%C3%B6ransson_Gyllenstierna" title="Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna">Gyllenstierna</a>. The alliance, fragile from the beginning, broke apart in the following year after Gyllenstierna's death. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1678/79, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> ended a series of conflicts by the <a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Nijmegen" title="Treaties of Nijmegen">Treaties of Nijmegen</a>, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Dutch_War" title="Franco-Dutch War">Franco-Dutch War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These treaties were favourable for France, who continued to maintain and use her 100,000 troops<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and her status as a <a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">great power</a> to expand (pursuing so-called <a href="/wiki/Chambers_of_Reunion" title="Chambers of Reunion"><i>réunions</i></a>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and intervene in the <a href="/wiki/Scanian_War" title="Scanian War">Scanian War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg/150px-Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg/225px-Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg/300px-Christian_V_of_Denmark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="831" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V of Denmark</a></figcaption></figure> <p>This war had started when France pressed her <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Swedish ally</a> to attack her adversary <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg-Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Brandenburg-Prussia">Brandenburg-Prussia</a> in 1674.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost210_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost210-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This move, though performed half-heartedly, succeeded in the withdrawal of the main Brandenburg-Prussian army from the French border in order to confront Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost210_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost210-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The price paid by Sweden for relieving Brandenburgian pressure on France was a series of lost battles from <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fehrbellin" title="Battle of Fehrbellin">Fehrbellin</a> to <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stralsund_(1678)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Stralsund (1678)">Stralsund</a>, which expelled Sweden from <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania" title="Swedish Pomerania">her Pomeranian dominion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the Swedish attack on Brandenburg prompted <a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a>, like Brandenburg-Prussian a member of an anti-French alliance,<sup id="cite_ref-Frost210_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost210-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to enter the war.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_Albrecht.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Christian_Albrecht.jpg/150px-Christian_Albrecht.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Christian_Albrecht.jpg/225px-Christian_Albrecht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Christian_Albrecht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christian_Albrecht_of_Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp">Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Before attacking Sweden directly, <a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V of Denmark</a> expelled the Swedish ally <a href="/wiki/Christian_Albrecht_of_Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp">Christian Albrecht</a> (or Albert) from <a href="/wiki/Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Holstein-Gottorp">Holstein-Gottorp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christian Albrecht had allied with Sweden after he was outmaneuvered by Christian V in a conflict over the succession in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Oldenburg" title="Duchy of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a>, which emerged after <a href="/wiki/Anthony_G%C3%BCnther,_Count_of_Oldenburg" title="Anthony Günther, Count of Oldenburg">Anton Günther of Oldenburg</a>'s death in 1667.<sup id="cite_ref-ADB_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1675, Christian V's attack forced Christian Albrecht to unite his duchy with Denmark in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Rendsburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Rendsburg (page does not exist)">Treaty of Rendsburg</a> and exile to <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ADB_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later in 1675, the Danish armies sacked Swedish <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bremen-Verden" title="Bremen-Verden">Bremen-Verden</a>, participated in the Brandenburg-Prussian campaign in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania" title="Swedish Pomerania">Swedish Pomerania</a>, and started a naval offensive that two years later put an end to Swedish supremacy in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%B8ge_Bay_(1677)" title="Battle of Køge Bay (1677)">Battle of Køge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Danish recovery of the <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland" title="Skåneland">provinces lost to Sweden</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Northern War">Second Northern War</a> however proved difficult, and after the Danish invasion in June 1676 and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lund" title="Battle of Lund">setback in Lund</a>, neither Denmark nor Sweden was able to gain the upper hand in the <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scanian</a> theater.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Negotiations,_Fontainebleau"><span id="Negotiations.2C_Fontainebleau"></span>Negotiations, Fontainebleau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Negotiations, Fontainebleau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Louis XIV had divided the anti-French coalition<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and settled with most of his adversaries in Nijmegen, his armies crossed the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> to relieve his hard-pressed ally <a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI of Sweden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Holborn79_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holborn79-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The invasion of the Brandenburg-Prussian Rhine provinces in May 1679 forced <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_I,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg">Frederick William I</a> to withdraw from the war and agree to the French-dictated terms of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1679)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)">Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Holborn79_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holborn79-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deprived of her allies, Denmark had no choice but to settle for peace.<sup id="cite_ref-Frost212_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg/150px-Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg/225px-Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg/300px-Baron_Jens_Juel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="964" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jens_Juel_(diplomat)" title="Jens Juel (diplomat)">Jens Juel</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Negotiations started in June 1679 in the <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scanian</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rystad117_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rystad117-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Danish plenipotentiaries were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_of_Aldenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton of Aldenburg (page does not exist)">Anton of Aldenburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jens_Juel_(diplomat)" title="Jens Juel (diplomat)">Jens Juel</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Johan_G%C3%B6ransson_Gyllenstierna" title="Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna">Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frans_Joel_%C3%96rnstedt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frans Joel Örnstedt (page does not exist)">Frans Joel Örnstedt</a> negotiated for Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-Rystad117_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rystad117-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, at about the same time the negotiations started, the French army had crossed into the Danish duchies<sup id="cite_ref-Rystad117_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rystad117-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and marched on Danish <a href="/wiki/Oldenburg_(city)" title="Oldenburg (city)">Oldenburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rystad117_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rystad117-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nolan421_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nolan421-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>French pressure left Denmark no choice but to return to the status quo ante bellum in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1679)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)">Treaty of Fontainebleau</a> on 23 August (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a>) / 2 September 1679, which restored all conquests made during the war to Sweden in turn for a "paltry indemnity".<sup id="cite_ref-Nolan421_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nolan421-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg/150px-Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg/225px-Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg/300px-Lodewijk_XIV_gegraveerd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="939" data-file-height="1109" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Le Roi Soleil, Louis XIV</a></figcaption></figure><p> The treaty, concluded by Danish, French and Swedish envoys in Louis XIV's <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">palace of Fontainebleau</a> just south of <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, was written in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plenipotentiaries' leeway was limited, as Louis XIV had decreed in August that the settlement was to be a "total restitution" of pre-war Swedish territory to his ally, "the preservation of [whose] interests is no less dear to me than of my own".<sup id="cite_ref-Upton27_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton27-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rying (1981) summarized the treaty as follows:</p><blockquote><p>"Denmark would come empty-handed out of a war with France as an enemy. Ten cannons as trophies from each of the captured fortresses were all that Denmark got out of this war, that was [...] lost at Fontainebleau."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The validity of the treaties of <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia" title="Peace of Westphalia">Westphalia (1648)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Roskilde" title="Treaty of Roskilde">Roskilde (1658)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Copenhagen_(1660)" title="Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)">Copenhagen (1660)</a> was confirmed, and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Albrecht_of_Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp">Christian Albrecht</a> restored in <a href="/wiki/Holstein-Gottorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Holstein-Gottorp">Holstein-Gottorp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lund">Lund</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lund"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final settlement at Lund, signed on 16 September (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a>) / 26 September 1679, detailed and amended Fontainebleau. French pressure assured that the terms of Fontainebleau were confirmed, as was Sweden's exemption from the <a href="/wiki/Sound_Dues" title="Sound Dues">Sound Dues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nolan421_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nolan421-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides areas in <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland" title="Skåneland">Skåneland</a>, the Danish-occupied territories which were to be returned also included the Swedish port of <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg" title="Mecklenburg">Mecklenburg</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania" title="Swedish Pomerania">Swedish Pomerania</a> with the isle of <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCgen" title="Rügen">Rügen</a>. Rügen was to be returned on 20 October 1679 (Article VI), while Wismar was to be returned only after Denmark had received the agreed-on contributions (Article VII).<sup id="cite_ref-Asmus211_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asmus211-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johan_Gyllenstierna.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Johan_Gyllenstierna.png/150px-Johan_Gyllenstierna.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Johan_Gyllenstierna.png/225px-Johan_Gyllenstierna.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Johan_Gyllenstierna.png/300px-Johan_Gyllenstierna.png 2x" data-file-width="2450" data-file-height="3050" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Johan_G%C3%B6ransson_Gyllenstierna" title="Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna">Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to these openly proclaimed articles, the treaty included secret paragraphs negotiated by <a href="/wiki/Johan_G%C3%B6ransson_Gyllenstierna" title="Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna">Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Treasure501_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treasure501-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They outlined a strategy of mutual assistance, which Gyllenstierna understood was the only way the Scandinavian countries were able to compete with <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg-Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Brandenburg-Prussia">Brandenburg-Prussia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Treasure501_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treasure501-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The alliance was to last ten years.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gyllenstierna had come to power during the war, and by 1679 controlled Sweden's foreign policy<sup id="cite_ref-Upton92_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton92-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to a point that he was given "free hand" by <a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI</a> in negotiating the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-Upton93_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton93-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His goal was to free the resources bound by the continuous Dano-Swedish hostilities, assert common control of the Baltic Sea, advance to a more favourable commercial position with respect to the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a>, and be able to negotiate better terms with <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> with respect to military alliances.<sup id="cite_ref-Upton92_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton92-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, as Charles XI and other leading Swedish figures, he was also hostile towards Denmark–Norway, and had proposed to eliminate Denmark–Norway in a joint Franco-Swedish attack just prior to the negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-Upton92_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton92-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While his motives remain speculative, the secret alliance as laid out in the treaty included several co-operations in northern <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, joint negotiations with France, and a joint position regarding the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> trade.<sup id="cite_ref-Upton92_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton92-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A defensive alliance was also concluded, but included in the public part of the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-Upton93_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton93-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The secret articles of Lund were revealed only in 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-Treasure501_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treasure501-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consequences">Consequences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:318px;max-width:318px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:156px;max-width:156px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_XI_of_Sweden_(1691).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg/154px-Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg/231px-Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg/308px-Charles_XI_of_Sweden_%281691%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="775" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:158px;max-width:158px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693,_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_(Jacques_D%27_Agar)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-156px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-234px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif/lossy-page1-312px-Ulrika_Eleonora_d.%C3%A4._1656-1693%2C_drottning_av_Sverige_prinsessa_av_Danmark_%28Jacques_D%27_Agar%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_15106.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2760" data-file-height="3550" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI of Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ulrika_Eleonora_of_Denmark" title="Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark">Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark</a></div></div></div></div> <p>While <a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI of Sweden</a> married <a href="/wiki/Ulrika_Eleonora_of_Denmark" title="Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark">Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark</a> and the conciliatory Gyllenstierna became governor of contested <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a> in 1679, his death in 1680 left <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Gabrielsson_Oxenstierna" title="Bengt Gabrielsson Oxenstierna">Bengt Oxenstierna</a> in charge of Sweden's foreign relations.<sup id="cite_ref-Scott214_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott214-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oxenstierna reversed Gyllenstierna's policies, instead he started bending the terms of Lund already in his first year in office by ratifying a Dutch-Swedish treaty without consulting Denmark,<sup id="cite_ref-Upton94_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Upton94-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thereafter allied with various European powers to force Denmark–Norway out of <a href="/wiki/Schleswig" class="mw-redirect" title="Schleswig">Schleswig</a> in 1689.<sup id="cite_ref-Scott214_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott214-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 1690s saw a short period of Dano-Swedish rapprochement, when the alliance of Lund was renewed and extended in 1690 and 1693 for fear of the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Powers">Maritime Powers</a>, resulting in the Scandinavian states' first <a href="/wiki/Armed_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed neutrality">armed neutrality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scott214_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott214-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet in 1700, the countries <a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">were at war again</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Treasure501_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treasure501-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goubert (1991), p.128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goubert (1991), p. 133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goubert (1991), p. 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frost (2000), p. 213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frost210-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Frost210_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost210_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost210_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frost (2000), p. 210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frost (2000), pp. 210-212</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frost212-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frost212_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frost (2000), p. 212</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADB-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ADB_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADB_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hille (ADB)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holborn79-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holborn79_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holborn79_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Holborn (1982), p.79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rystad117-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rystad117_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rystad117_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rystad117_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rystad117_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rystad (2001), p. 117</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nolan421-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nolan421_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nolan421_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nolan421_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nolan (2008, p. 421</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rémy-Limousin (1997), p. 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton27-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Upton27_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Upton (1998), p. 27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rying (1981), p. 180</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lange (1996), p. 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asmus211-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Asmus211_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asmus (2003), p. 211</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Treasure501-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Treasure501_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Treasure501_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Treasure501_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Treasure501_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Treasure (1985), p. 501</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orfield (1953/2002), p. 150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton92-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Upton92_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Upton92_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Upton92_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Upton92_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Upton (1998), p. 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton93-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Upton93_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Upton93_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Upton (1998), p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scott214-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scott214_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scott214_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scott214_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Scott (1988), p. 214</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton94-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Upton94_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Upton (1998), p. 94</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAsmus2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Asmus, Ivo (2003). "Das Testament des Grafen. Die pommerschen Besitzungen Carl Gustav Wrangels nach Tod, förmyndarräfst und Reduktion". In Asmus, Ivo; Droste, Heiko; Olesen, Jens E. (eds.). <i>Gemeinsame Bekannte: Schweden und Deutschland in der Frühen Neuzeit</i> (in German). Berlin-Hamburg-Münster: LIT Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8258-7150-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-8258-7150-9"><bdi>3-8258-7150-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Das+Testament+des+Grafen.+Die+pommerschen+Besitzungen+Carl+Gustav+Wrangels+nach+Tod%2C+f%C3%B6rmyndarr%C3%A4fst+und+Reduktion&rft.btitle=Gemeinsame+Bekannte%3A+Schweden+und+Deutschland+in+der+Fr%C3%BChen+Neuzeit&rft.place=Berlin-Hamburg-M%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=LIT+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-8258-7150-9&rft.aulast=Asmus&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoubert1991" class="citation book cs1">Goubert, Pierre (1991). <i>The course of French history</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-06671-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-06671-9"><bdi>0-415-06671-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+course+of+French+history&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-415-06671-9&rft.aulast=Goubert&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hille, Georg: Christian Albrecht, in Historische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (eds): <a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie">Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</a>, Volume 4, 1876, pp. 188–191, as cited in wikisource, URL: <a class="external free" href="https://de.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=ADB:Christian_Albrecht&oldid=972420">http://de.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=ADB:Christian_Albrecht&oldid=972420</a>, retrieved 23 February 2010, 12:09 UTC.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolborn1982" class="citation book cs1">Holborn, Hajo (1982). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderng00hajo"><i>A History of Modern Germany: 1648-1840</i></a></span>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-00796-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-00796-9"><bdi>0-691-00796-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Germany%3A+1648-1840&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-691-00796-9&rft.aulast=Holborn&rft.aufirst=Hajo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofmoderng00hajo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLange1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lange, Ulrich (1996). <i>Geschichte Schleswig-Holsteins. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart</i> (in German) (2 ed.). Wachholtz. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-529-02440-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-529-02440-6"><bdi>3-529-02440-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschichte+Schleswig-Holsteins.+Von+den+Anf%C3%A4ngen+bis+zur+Gegenwart&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Wachholtz&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=3-529-02440-6&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNolan2008" class="citation book cs1">Nolan, Cathal J. (2008). <i>Wars of the age of Louis XIV, 1650-1715. An encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization</i>. Greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33046-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33046-9"><bdi>978-0-313-33046-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wars+of+the+age+of+Louis+XIV%2C+1650-1715.+An+encyclopedia+of+global+warfare+and+civilization&rft.series=Greenwood+encyclopedias+of+modern+world+wars&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-313-33046-9&rft.aulast=Nolan&rft.aufirst=Cathal+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Orfield, Lester Bernhardt. The Growth of Scandinavian Law. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press for Temple University Publications, 1953. Reprinted 2002 by The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. LCCN 2001023454. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58477-180-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58477-180-1">1-58477-180-1</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRémy-Limousin1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rémy-Limousin, Madeleine (1997). <i>Traités internationaux de l'Ancien Régime. Èditions isolées et recueils conservés à la Bibliothèque nationale de France. Catalogue</i> (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7177-2008-1" title="Special:BookSources/2-7177-2008-1"><bdi>2-7177-2008-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trait%C3%A9s+internationaux+de+l%27Ancien+R%C3%A9gime.+%C3%88ditions+isol%C3%A9es+et+recueils+conserv%C3%A9s+%C3%A0+la+Biblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France.+Catalogue&rft.pub=Biblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=2-7177-2008-1&rft.aulast=R%C3%A9my-Limousin&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRystad2001" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rystad, Göran (2001). <i>Karl XI. En biografi</i> (in Swedish). Historiska Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/91-89442-27-X" title="Special:BookSources/91-89442-27-X"><bdi>91-89442-27-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karl+XI.+En+biografi&rft.pub=Historiska+Media&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=91-89442-27-X&rft.aulast=Rystad&rft.aufirst=G%C3%B6ran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRying1981" class="citation book cs1">Rying, Bent (1981). <i>Danish in the South and the North. Denmark, history</i>. Vol. 2. Udenrigsministeriet (Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Danish+in+the+South+and+the+North.+Denmark%2C+history&rft.pub=Udenrigsministeriet+%28Royal+Danish+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%29&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Rying&rft.aufirst=Bent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott1988" class="citation book cs1">Scott, Franklin Daniel (1988). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/swedennationshis00fran"><i>Sweden, the nation's history</i></a></span>. SIU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8093-1489-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8093-1489-4"><bdi>0-8093-1489-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweden%2C+the+nation%27s+history&rft.pub=SIU+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-8093-1489-4&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Franklin+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fswedennationshis00fran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreasure1985" class="citation book cs1">Treasure, Geoffrey (1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/makingofmoderneu00grrt"><i>The making of modern Europe, 1648-1780</i></a></span>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-416-72370-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-416-72370-5"><bdi>0-416-72370-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+making+of+modern+Europe%2C+1648-1780&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-416-72370-5&rft.aulast=Treasure&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmakingofmoderneu00grrt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpton1998" class="citation book cs1">Upton, Anthony F (1998). <i>Charles XI and Swedish absolutism</i>. Cambridge studies in early modern history. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-57390-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-57390-4"><bdi>0-521-57390-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+XI+and+Swedish+absolutism&rft.series=Cambridge+studies+in+early+modern+history&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-521-57390-4&rft.aulast=Upton&rft.aufirst=Anthony+F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeace+of+Lund" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scanian_War_treaties" title="Template:Scanian War treaties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Scanian_War_treaties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Scanian War treaties (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scanian_War_treaties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scanian War treaties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Treaties_of_the_Scanian_War_(1674–1679)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Treaties of the <a href="/wiki/Scanian_War" title="Scanian War">Scanian War</a> (1674–1679)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Celle" title="Treaty of Celle">Celle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1679)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)">Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1679)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)">Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Scanian_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Scanian War">Campaigns</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_Pomerania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pomeranian_history" title="Template:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pomeranian_history" title="Template talk:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pomeranian_history" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_Pomerania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania" title="History of Pomerania">History of Pomerania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_Pomerania" title="Early history of Pomerania">10,000 BC – 600 AD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages">600–1100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_High_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the High Middle Ages">1100–1300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Late Middle Ages">1300–1500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Modern_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Early Modern Age">1500–1806</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1806%E2%80%931933)" title="History of Pomerania (1806–1933)">1806–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1933%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Pomerania (1933–1945)">1933–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Pomerania (1945–present)">1945–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Administrative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administrative</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Western_Pomerania" title="Western Pomerania">Western Pomerania</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billung_March" title="Billung March">Billung March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_March" title="Northern March">Northern March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_R%C3%BCgen" title="Principality of Rügen">Principality of Rügen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_G%C3%BCtzkow" title="County of Gützkow">Gützkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Demmin" title="Pomerania-Demmin">Pomerania-Demmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stettin" title="Pomerania-Stettin">Pomerania-Stettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Schlawe" title="Pomerania-Schlawe">Pomerania-Schlawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Wolgast" title="Pomerania-Wolgast">Pomerania-Wolgast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stolp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stolp">Pomerania-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Neustettin" title="Pomerania-Neustettin">Pomerania-Neustettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stargard" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stargard">Pomerania-Stargard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-R%C3%BCgenwalde" title="Pomerania-Rügenwalde">Pomerania-Rügenwalde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp" title="Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp">Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Barth" title="Pomerania-Barth">Pomerania-Barth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania" title="Swedish Pomerania">Swedish Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stettin_(region)" title="Stettin (region)">Stettin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stralsund_(region)" title="Stralsund (region)">Stralsund Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_placenames_in_the_Province_of_Pomerania" title="List of placenames in the Province of Pomerania">List of placenames</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclave_of_Police" title="Enclave of Police">Enclave of Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern#German_Democratic_Republic" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1946–1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Frankfurt" title="Bezirk Frankfurt">Bezirk Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Neubrandenburg" title="Bezirk Neubrandenburg">Bezirk Neubrandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Rostock" title="Bezirk Rostock">Bezirk Rostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Farther_Pomerania" title="Farther Pomerania">Farther Pomerania</a><br /></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Cammin" title="Bishopric of Cammin">Cammin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_of_Schlawe_and_Stolp" title="Lands of Schlawe and Stolp">Schlawe-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stolp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stolp">Pomerania-Stolp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburgian Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starostwo_of_Draheim" title="Starostwo of Draheim">Starostwo of Draheim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stettin_(region)" title="Stettin (region)">Stettin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6slin_(region)" title="Köslin (region)">Köslin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_placenames_in_the_Province_of_Pomerania" title="List of placenames in the Province of Pomerania">List of placenames</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg-Bütow</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">classified as<br /> <a href="/wiki/Farther_Pomerania" title="Farther Pomerania">Farther Pomerania</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Pomerelia" title="Pomerelia">Pomerelia</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Prussia" title="Royal Prussia">Royal Prussia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1466%E2%80%931772)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg-Bütow Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburgian Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg and Bütow Land</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6slin_(region)" title="Köslin (region)">Köslin Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia" title="Pomerelia">Pomerelia</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Kashubia" title="Kashubia">Kashubia</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kociewie" title="Kociewie">Kociewie</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tuchola_Forest" title="Tuchola Forest">Tuchola Forest</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82mno_Land" title="Chełmno Land">Chełmno Land</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia#As_part_of_Poland" title="Pomerelia">Polish Pomerelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia#Danish_conquest_and_independence" title="Pomerelia">Danish Pomerelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerelia" title="Duchy of Pomerelia">Duchy of Pomerelia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samborides" title="Samborides">Samborides</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Gda%C5%84sk" title="Duchy of Gdańsk">Duchy of Gdańsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_%C5%9Awiecie_and_Lubiszewo" title="Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo">Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bia%C5%82ogarda" title="Duchy of Białogarda">Duchy of Białogarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lubiszewo" title="Duchy of Lubiszewo">Duchy of Lubiszewo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_%C5%9Awiecie" title="Duchy of Świecie">Duchy of Świecie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="State of the Teutonic Order">State of the Teutonic Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Prussia" title="Royal Prussia">Royal Prussia</a> 1466–1793 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1466%E2%80%931772)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82mno_Voivodeship" title="Chełmno Voivodeship">Chełmno Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig_(Napoleonic)" title="Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)">Free City of Danzig 1807–1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Prussia" title="West Prussia">West Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posen-West_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Posen-West Prussia">Posen-West Prussia Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1919%E2%80%931939)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)">Pomeranian Voivodeship 1919–1939</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_Corridor" title="Polish Corridor">Polish Corridor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig" title="Free City of Danzig">Free City of Danzig 1920–1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsgau_Danzig-West_Prussia" title="Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia">Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_Voivodeship_(1945%E2%80%931975)" title="Gdańsk Voivodeship (1945–1975)">Gdańsk Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz_Voivodeship#1946-1975" title="Bydgoszcz Voivodeship">Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Gdańsk Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Gdańsk Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz_Voivodeship#1975–1998" title="Bydgoszcz Voivodeship">Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84_Voivodeship" title="Toruń Voivodeship">Toruń Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Bia%C5%82y_B%C3%B3r" title="Gmina Biały Bór">Gmina Biały Bór</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuyavian-Pomeranian_Voivodeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship">Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ecclesiastical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ecclesiastical</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Pomerania" title="Christianization of Pomerania">Christianization of Pomerania</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Cammin" title="Bishopric of Cammin">Diocese of Wollin/Cammin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Kolberg">Diocese of Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Che%C5%82mno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno">Diocese of Chełmno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_See_of_Roskilde" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient See of Roskilde">Diocese of Roskilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Vicariate_of_Northern_Germany" title="Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany">Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Berlin#Breslau's_Prince-Episcopal_Delegation_for_Brandenburg_and_Pomerania" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin">Prince-Episcopal Delegation for Brandenburg and Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_the_Free_City_of_Danzig" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig">Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_T%C3%BCtz" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of Tütz">Apostolic Administration of Tütz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Territorial_Prelature_of_Schneidem%C3%BChl" title="Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Schneidemühl">Prelature of Schneidemühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_Kamie%C5%84,_Lubusz_and_the_Prelature_of_Pi%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of Kamień, Lubusz and the Prelature of Piła">Apostolic Administration of Kamień (Cammin), Lubusz (Lebus) and the Prelature of Piła (Schneidemühl)</a> with see in <a href="/wiki/Gorz%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Gorzów Wielkopolski">Gorzów Wielkopolski</a> 1945–1972</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Extant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Berlin" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin">Archdiocese of Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Bydgoszcz" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz">Diocese of Bydgoszcz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gda%C5%84sk" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gdańsk">Archdiocese of Gdańsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Koszalin-Ko%C5%82obrzeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg">Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pelplin" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Pelplin">Diocese of Pelplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Szczecin-Kamie%C5%84" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień">Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Toru%C5%84" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Toruń">Diocese of Toruń</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_W%C5%82oc%C5%82awek" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Włocławek">Diocese of Włocławek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_State_Church_in_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical State Church in Prussia">Evangelical State Church in Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Evangelical_Church" title="Pomeranian Evangelical Church">Pomeranian Evangelical Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Extant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Northern_Germany" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany</a> <ul><li>Lutheran Diocese of Mecklenburg and Pomerania</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Reformed_Church_in_Germany" title="Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany">Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Poland" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Diocese_of_Pomerania-Greater_Poland" title="Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland">Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Diocese_of_Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław">Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal_Church_in_Poland" title="Pentecostal Church in Poland">Pentecostal Church in Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Demography_and_anthropology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Pomerania" title="Demographic history of Pomerania">Demography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg_culture" title="Hamburg culture">Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maglemosian_culture" title="Maglemosian culture">Maglemosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erteb%C3%B8lle_culture" title="Ertebølle culture">Ertebølle-Ellerbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funnelbeaker_culture" title="Funnelbeaker culture">Funnelbeaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havelland_culture" title="Havelland culture">Havelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corded_Ware_culture" title="Corded Ware culture">Corded Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comb_Ceramic_culture" title="Comb Ceramic culture">Comb Ceramic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusatian_culture" title="Lusatian culture">Lusatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jastorf_culture" title="Jastorf culture">Jastorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_culture" title="Pomeranian culture">Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oksywie_culture" title="Oksywie culture">Oksywie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielbark_culture" title="Wielbark culture">Wielbark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustow_group" title="Gustow group">Gustow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%99bczyn_culture" title="Dębczyn culture">Dębczyn (Denzin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gepids" title="Gepids">Gepids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemovii" title="Lemovii">Lemovii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugii" title="Rugii">Rugii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidivarii" title="Vidivarii">Vidivarii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistula_Veneti" title="Vistula Veneti">Vistula Veneti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranians_(tribe)" title="Pomeranians (tribe)">Slavic Pomeranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prissani" title="Prissani">Prissani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_(tribe)" title="Rani (tribe)">Rani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrani" title="Ukrani">Ukrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veleti" title="Veleti">Veleti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutici" title="Lutici">Lutici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velunzani" class="mw-redirect" title="Velunzani">Velunzani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranians_(German_people)" title="Pomeranians (German people)">German Pomeranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubians" title="Kashubians">Kashubians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovincians" title="Slovincians">Slovincians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major demographic events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ostsiedlung" title="Ostsiedlung">Ostsiedlung</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_from_Poland_during_and_after_World_War_II" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II">WWII flight and expulsion of Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recovered_Territories" title="Recovered Territories">Post-WWII settlement of Poles and Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages and dialects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_German" title="Low German">Low German</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Prussian_dialect" title="Low Prussian dialect">Low Prussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Pomeranian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Pomeranian dialect">Central Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch_dialect" title="Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect">Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pomeranian_dialect" title="East Pomeranian dialect">East Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="West Pomeranian dialect">West Pomeranian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard German</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_languages" title="West Slavic languages">West Slavic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polabian_language" title="Polabian language">Polabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_language" title="Pomeranian language">Pomeranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_language" title="Kashubian language">Kashubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovincian_language" title="Slovincian language">Slovincian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Treaties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Treaties</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1200–1500</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kremmen" title="Treaty of Kremmen">Kremmen</a> (1236)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Landin" title="Treaty of Landin">Landin</a> (1250)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_K%C4%99pno" title="Treaty of Kępno">Kępno</a> (1282)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Soldin_(1309)" title="Treaty of Soldin (1309)">Soldin (1309)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Templin" title="Treaty of Templin">Templin</a> (1317)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Ueckerm%C3%BCnde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Ueckermünde (page does not exist)">Ueckermünde</a> (1327)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kalisz_(1343)" title="Treaty of Kalisz (1343)">Kalisz</a> (1343)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stralsund_(1354)" title="Treaty of Stralsund (1354)">Stralsund (1354)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stralsund_(1370)" title="Treaty of Stralsund (1370)">Stralsund (1370)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Pyzdry" title="Treaty of Pyzdry">Pyzdry</a> (1390)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Raci%C4%85%C5%BCek" title="Peace of Raciążek">Raciążek (1404)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Thorn_(1411)" title="Peace of Thorn (1411)">Thorn, First</a> (1411)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Eberswalde_(1415)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Eberswalde (1415) (page does not exist)">Eberswalde, First</a> (1415)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Melno" title="Treaty of Melno">Melno</a> (1422)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Perleberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Perleberg (page does not exist)">Perleberg</a> (1427)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Eberswalde_(1427)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Eberswalde (1427) (page does not exist)">Eberswalde, Second</a> (1427)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truce_of_%C5%81%C4%99czyca" title="Truce of Łęczyca">Łęczyca (1433)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Brze%C5%9B%C4%87_Kujawski" title="Peace of Brześć Kujawski">Brześć Kujawski</a> (1435)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Soldin_(1466)" title="Treaty of Soldin (1466)">Soldin (1466)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Peace_of_Thorn_(1466)" title="Second Peace of Thorn (1466)">Thorn, Second (1466)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Prenzlau" title="Treaty of Prenzlau">Prenzlau</a> (1448/1468/1472/1479)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Pyritz" title="Treaty of Pyritz">Pyritz</a> (1493)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1500–1700</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_Thorn" title="Compromise of Thorn">Thorn</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Treaty of Kraków">Kraków</a> (1525)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Grimnitz" title="Treaty of Grimnitz">Grimnitz</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Augsburg" title="Peace of Augsburg">Augsburg</a> (1555)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Lublin" title="Union of Lublin">Lublin</a> (1569)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1570)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1570)">Stettin (1570)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Franzburg" title="Capitulation of Franzburg">Franzburg</a> (1627)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1630)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1630)">Stettin (1630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia" title="Peace of Westphalia">Westphalia</a> (1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1653)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1653)">Stettin (1653)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Labiau" title="Treaty of Labiau">Labiau</a> (1656)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bromberg" title="Treaty of Bromberg">Wehlau and Bromberg</a> (1657)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Oliva" title="Treaty of Oliva">Oliva</a> (1660)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1679)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)">Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lund (1679)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1700–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Stockholm_(Great_Northern_War)" title="Treaties of Stockholm (Great Northern War)">Stockholm</a> (1719 / 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Frederiksborg" title="Treaty of Frederiksborg">Frederiksborg</a> (1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" title="Partitions of Poland">Polish Partitions Treaties</a> (1772/1773, 1793, 1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Tilsit</a> (1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel" title="Treaty of Kiel">Kiel</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Vienna</a> (1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_German_Confederation_Treaty" title="North German Confederation Treaty">North German Confederation Treaty</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Prague_(1866)" title="Peace of Prague (1866)">Peace of Prague (1866)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Versailles</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1925" title="Concordat of 1925">Polish Concordat</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_Concordat" title="Prussian Concordat">Prussian Concordat</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichskonkordat" title="Reichskonkordat">Reichskonkordat</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Soviet_Frontier_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="German–Soviet Frontier Treaty">Molotov–Ribbentrop</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Agreement" title="Potsdam Agreement">Potsdam</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zgorzelec" title="Treaty of Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Moscow_(1970)" title="Treaty of Moscow (1970)">Moscow (1970)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Warsaw_(1970)" title="Treaty of Warsaw (1970)">Warsaw (1970)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Pomerania" title="Bay of Pomerania">Polish-East German Maritime Border Agreement</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany" title="Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany">Two Plus Four</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_reunification#German_Reunification_Treaty" title="German reunification">German Reunification Treaty</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Polish_Border_Treaty" title="German–Polish Border Treaty">German–Polish Border Treaty</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Good_Neighbourship" title="Treaty of Good Neighbourship">Treaty of Good Neighbourship</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1993" title="Concordat of 1993">Polish Concordat</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oder" title="Oder">Convention on the International Commission on the Protection of the Oder against Pollution</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">Treaty of Accession 2003</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&oldid=1230941215">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Lund&oldid=1230941215</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peace_treaties_of_Sweden" title="Category:Peace treaties of Sweden">Peace treaties of Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peace_treaties_of_Denmark" title="Category:Peace treaties of Denmark">Peace treaties of Denmark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1679_treaties" title="Category:1679 treaties">1679 treaties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Category:Treaties of Denmark–Norway">Treaties of Denmark–Norway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_the_Swedish_Empire" 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