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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Perekaman_dan_Transmisi_Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perekaman_dan_Transmisi_Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Perekaman dan Transmisi Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perekaman_dan_Transmisi_Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi_dan_istilah_alternatif" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi_dan_istilah_alternatif"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Etimologi dan istilah alternatif</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi_dan_istilah_alternatif-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Industri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cara_pembuatan_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cara_pembuatan_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cara pembuatan film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cara_pembuatan_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Genre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Film</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 179 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolprent" title="Rolprent – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rolprent" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8A%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9D" title="ፊልም – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፊልም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinta" title="Cinta – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cinta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwicbili%C3%BE" title="Cwicbiliþ – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cwicbiliþ" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="फ़िल्म – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="फ़िल्म" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85" title="فيلم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيلم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85" title="فيلم – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فيلم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7" title="فن السينيما – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فن السينيما" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0" title="চলচ্চিত্ৰ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চলচ্চিত্ৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel%C3%ADcula" title="Película – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Película" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85" title="فیلم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فیلم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фильм – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фильм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Films" title="Films – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Films" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelikula" title="Pelikula – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pelikula" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фільм – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фільм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фільм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фільм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8lem" title="Pèlem – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pèlem" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Филм – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Филм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE" title="फिलिम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फिलिम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9l%C3%A9m" title="Pélém – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Pélém" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="চলচ্চিত্র – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চলচ্চিত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%99%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="གློག་བརྙན། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གློག་བརྙན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="সিনেমা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সিনেমা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinema" title="Sinema – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sinema" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel%C2%B7l%C3%ADcula" title="Pel·lícula – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pel·lícula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%AAng-%C4%ABng" title="Diêng-īng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Diêng-īng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фильм – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Фильм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine" title="Sine – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sine" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85" title="فیلم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فیلم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinem%C3%A0" title="Sinemà – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sinemà" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffilm" title="Ffilm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffilm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κινηματογραφική ταινία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κινηματογραφική ταινία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmo" title="Filmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Filmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel%C3%ADcula" title="Película – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Película" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_(zinema)" title="Film (zinema) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Film (zinema)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cini" title="Cini – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cini" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85" title="فیلم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elokuva" title="Elokuva – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elokuva" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyaloyalo_(valeniyaloyalo)" title="Iyaloyalo (valeniyaloyalo) – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Iyaloyalo (valeniyaloyalo)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmur" title="Filmur – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Filmur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_(cin%C3%A9ma)" title="Film (cinéma) – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Film (cinéma)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine_(art)" title="Cine (art) – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cine (art)" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="電影 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="電影" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filme" title="Filme – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Filme" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%E2%80%99%C3%A3ngam%C3%BDi" title="Ta’ãngamýi – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ta’ãngamýi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="सिनेमा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सिनेमा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fillym" title="Fillym – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Fillym" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fim" title="Fim – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Fim" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thien-y%C3%A1ng" title="Thien-yáng – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thien-yáng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%CA%BBi%CA%BBoni%CA%BBoni" title="Kiʻiʻoniʻoni – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kiʻiʻoniʻoni" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2" title="סרט קולנוע – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סרט קולנוע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चलचित्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चलचित्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakis" title="Sakis – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sakis" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinema" title="Sinema – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sinema" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Կինոնկար – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կինոնկար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelikula" title="Pelikula – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pelikula" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кино – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Кино" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematografuro" title="Cinematografuro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cinematografuro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvikmynd" title="Kvikmynd – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kvikmynd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%A0%E7%94%BB" title="映画 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="映画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flim" title="Flim – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Flim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/skina" title="skina – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="skina" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asaru" title="Asaru – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asaru" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кино – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кино" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE" title="ಸಿನಮಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿನಮಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%ED%99%94" title="영화 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%90%D9%84%D9%90%D9%85" title="فِلِم – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="فِلِم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AElm" title="Fîlm – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fîlm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fylm" title="Fylm – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Fylm" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фильм – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фильм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellicula" title="Pellicula – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pellicula" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmo" title="Filmo – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Filmo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindem%C3%A1" title="Sindemá – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sindemá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmas" title="Filmas – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Filmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinofilma" title="Kinofilma – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kinofilma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चलचित्र – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="चलचित्र" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filem" title="Filem – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Filem" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinema" title="Sinema – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sinema" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilem" title="Pilem – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Pilem" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Филм – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Филм" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ചലച്ചിത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചലച്ചിത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кино – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кино" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चलचित्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चलचित्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filem" title="Filem – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Filem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cinema" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ရုပ်ရှင် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရုပ်ရှင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Эрямарт – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эрямарт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlaixcopinalotl" title="Tlaixcopinalotl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlaixcopinalotl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellicula" title="Pellicula – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pellicula" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmkunst" title="Filmkunst – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Filmkunst" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_(cinematografie)" title="Film (cinematografie) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Film (cinematografie)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चलचित्र – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चलचित्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE" title="संकिपा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="संकिपा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_(cinematografie)" title="Film (cinematografie) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Film (cinematografie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinn%C3%A9ma" title="Cinnéma – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Cinnéma" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filme" title="Filme – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Filme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AE" title="ਫ਼ਿਲਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫ਼ਿਲਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelikula" title="Pelikula – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pelikula" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin%C3%A9ma" title="Chinéma – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Chinéma" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="فلم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فلم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="فلم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فلم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filme" title="Filme – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Filme" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuyuq_wanki" title="Kuyuq wanki – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kuyuq wanki" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фильм – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фильм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Филм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Филм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="चलच्चित्रम् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="चलच्चित्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Киинэ – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Киинэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ACnema" title="Cìnema – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cìnema" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pill%C3%ACcula" title="Pillìcula – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pillìcula" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="فلم – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فلم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%A7" title="චිත්‍රපට – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චිත්‍රපට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movie" title="Movie – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Movie" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmov%C3%A9_dielo" title="Filmové dielo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Filmové dielo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firimu" title="Firimu – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Firimu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filim" title="Filim – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Filim" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmi" title="Filmi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Filmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Филм – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Филм" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filimi" title="Filimi – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Filimi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilem" title="Pilem – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pilem" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filamu" title="Filamu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Filamu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kacudu" title="kacudu – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kacudu" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="திரைப்படம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திரைப்படம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="సినిమా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సినిమా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Филм – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Филм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาพยนตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาพยนตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8A%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9D" title="ፊልም – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ፊልም" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelikula" title="Pelikula – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pelikula" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filimi" title="Filimi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Filimi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фильм – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фильм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D9%85" title="فىلىم – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="فىلىم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Фільм – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фільм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="فلم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil%27m" title="Fil'm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Fil'm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_%E1%BA%A3nh" title="Điện ảnh – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện ảnh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fime" title="Fime – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fime" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine" title="Sine – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sine" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" title="电影 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电影" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9D" title="פילם – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פילם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" title="电影 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="电影" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E6%88%B2" title="影戲 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="影戲" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-i%C3%A1%E2%81%BF" title="Tiān-iáⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-iáⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="電影 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電影" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingqayi" title="Ingqayi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ingqayi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11424#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Film" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Film"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Film"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Film" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Film" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&oldid=26815793" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Film&id=26815793&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFilm"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFilm"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Film"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Film&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Film" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikiquote.org/wiki/Film" hreflang="id"><span>Wikikutip</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11424" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Untuk film dalam bidang <a href="/wiki/Fotografi" title="Fotografi">fotografi</a>, lihat <a href="/wiki/Film_(fotografi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Film (fotografi)">Film (fotografi)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Fox_movietone_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Kamera film Fox movietone dengan tripod sejak tahun 1930-an" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Fox_movietone_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="231" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="231" /></a><figcaption>Kamera film Fox movietone versi lama</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Film</b> atau <b>wayang gambar</b> (<b>wagam</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i>movie</i></span>, juga dikenal sebagai <b>gambar hidup</b>, <b>film teater</b>, <b>foto bergerak</b>, atau <b>bioskop</b>) adalah serangkaian gambar diam, yang ketika ditampilkan pada layar akan menciptakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilusi_gambar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilusi gambar (halaman belum tersedia)">ilusi gambar</a> bergerak yang dikarenakan efek <a href="/wiki/Fenomena_phi" title="Fenomena phi">fenomena phi</a>. Ilusi optik ini memaksa penonton untuk melihat gerakan berkelanjutan antar objek yang berbeda secara cepat dan berturut-turut. Proses <a href="/wiki/Pembuatan_film" title="Pembuatan film">pembuatan film</a> adalah gabungan dari <a href="/wiki/Seni_film" title="Seni film">seni</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Industri_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Industri film">industri</a>. Sebuah film dapat dibuat dengan <a href="/wiki/Fotografi" title="Fotografi">memotret</a> adegan sungguhan dengan <a href="/wiki/Kamera_film" title="Kamera film">kamera film</a>; memotret gambar atau model "miniatur" menggunakan teknik <a href="/wiki/Animasi" title="Animasi">animasi</a> tradisional; dengan <a href="/wiki/Pencitraan_hasil_komputer" title="Pencitraan hasil komputer">CGI</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Animasi_komputer" title="Animasi komputer">animasi komputer</a>; atau dengan kombinasi beberapa teknik yang ada dan <a href="/wiki/Efek_visual" title="Efek visual">efek visual</a> lainnya. </p><p>Kata "<b>sinema</b>" yang merupakan kependekan dari <a href="/wiki/Sinematografi" title="Sinematografi">sinematografi</a> sering digunakan untuk merujuk pada <a href="/wiki/Industri_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Industri film">industri film</a>, pembuatan film, dan seni pembuatan film. Definisi sinema zaman sekarang merupakan seni dalam (simulasi) pengalaman untuk mengomunikasikan ide, cerita, tampilan, sudut pandang, rasa, keindahan, atau suasana dengan cara direkam dan gambar bergerak yang diprogram bersamaan dengan penggerak sensorik lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kata "film" (movie) biasanya digunakan khusus untuk film layar lebar di <a href="/wiki/Bioskop" title="Bioskop">bioskop</a> dan juga di aplikasi film berbayar, sedangkan film atau serial yang diproduksi untuk televisi dikenal dengan istilah <a href="/wiki/Sinetron" title="Sinetron">sinetron</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Film_televisi" title="Film televisi">FTV</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perekaman_dan_Transmisi_Film">Perekaman dan Transmisi Film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Perekaman dan Transmisi Film" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perekaman dan Transmisi Film"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gambar bergerak dalam film diciptakan dengan cara merekam adegan nyata menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Kamera_film" title="Kamera film">kamera gambar bergerak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fotografi" title="Fotografi">memotret gambar</a>, atau model miniatur melalui teknik <a href="/wiki/Animasi" title="Animasi">animasi</a> tradisional, menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Pencitraan_hasil_komputer" title="Pencitraan hasil komputer">CGI</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Animasi_komputer" title="Animasi komputer">animasi komputer</a>, atau kombinasi dari beberapa atau semua teknik ini beserta <a href="/wiki/Efek_visual" title="Efek visual">efek visual</a> lainnya. </p><p>Sebelum adanya produksi digital, serangkaian gambar diam direkam pada film seluloid yang peka cahaya (<a href="/wiki/Stok_film" title="Stok film">stok</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_gulung" title="Film gulung">film gulung</a>), biasanya dengan kecepatan 24 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingkai_film&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bingkai film (halaman belum tersedia)">bingkai</a> per detik. Saat ditransmisikan menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Proyektor_film" title="Proyektor film">Proyektor film</a>, gambar-gambar tersebut diputar pada kecepatan yang sama seperti saat perekaman. Mekanisme <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive_Geneva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drive Geneva (halaman belum tersedia)">drive Geneva</a> memastikan setiap frame tetap diam selama periode proyeksi yang singkat. Rana yang berputar menciptakan interval kegelapan <a href="/wiki/Efek_stroboskopik" title="Efek stroboskopik">stroboskopik</a>, namun penonton tidak menyadari interupsi ini karena efek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusi_kedipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fusi kedipan (halaman belum tersedia)">fusi kedipan</a>. Gerakan yang terlihat pada <a href="/wiki/Layar_proyeksi" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Layar proyeksi">layar</a> adalah hasil dari ketidakmampuan indera penglihatan untuk membedakan setiap gambar pada kecepatan tinggi, membuat tayangan gambar berbaur dengan interval gelap sehingga menghasilkan ilusi gerakan berkelanjutan. <a href="/wiki/Sound-on-film" title="Sound-on-film">Soundtrack optik</a> analog, yang merupakan <a href="/wiki/Perekam_suara" title="Perekam suara">rekaman</a> grafis dari <a href="/wiki/Suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Suara">suara</a> yang diucapkan, musik, dan efek suara lainnya, berjalan di sepanjang bagian tertentu dari film dan tidak diproyeksikan. </p><p>Di era modern, film biasanya sudah <a href="/wiki/Perekaman_digital" title="Perekaman digital">sepenuhnya digital</a> mulai dari proses produksi, distribusi, hingga pameran. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi_dan_istilah_alternatif">Etimologi dan istilah alternatif</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi dan istilah alternatif" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi dan istilah alternatif"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Film" pada awalnya merujuk pada lapisan tipis emulsi fotokimia pada strip seluloid,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang pada masa lalu menjadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_perekam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media perekam (halaman belum tersedia)">media nyata</a> untuk merekam dan menampilkan gambar bergerak. </p><p>Berbagai istilah lain juga digunakan untuk menggambarkan film, termasuk "gambar", "pertunjukan visual", "gambar bergerak", "photoplay", dan "film". Istilah "film" paling umum digunakan di Amerika Serikat, sedangkan di <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a> lebih dikenal dengan istilah "film". Istilah-istilah kuno untuk film antara lain "gambar animasi" dan "fotografi animasi". </p><p>Istilah "flick" pertama kali tercatat pada tahun 1926 dan merupakan istilah bahasa gaul. Istilah ini berasal dari kata "flicker", karena tampilan film pada masa awal sering berkedip-kedip.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Istilah umum untuk bidang ini pada umumnya adalah "layar lebar", "layar perak", "film", dan "sinema"; istilah "sinema" sering digunakan sebagai istilah umum pada teks ilmiah dan esai kritis. Pada tahun-tahun awal, istilah "lembaran" juga sering digunakan sebagai pengganti "layar". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industri">Industri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Industri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Industri"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Industri_perfilman" class="mw-redirect" title="Industri perfilman">Industri perfilman</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Studio Babelsberg dekat gerbang Berlin dengan gundukan pejalan kaki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg/220px-Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg/330px-Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg/440px-Filmstudio_Babelsberg_Eingang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Didirikan pada tahun 1912, <a href="/wiki/Studio_Babelsberg" title="Studio Babelsberg">Studio Babelsberg</a> di dekat <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> merupakan studio film berskala besar pertama di dunia, dan merupakan cikal bakal <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a>. . Studio ini masih memproduksi film pecah pukal global setiap tahunnya.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Misr_Studio_old.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Misr_Studio_old.jpg/220px-Misr_Studio_old.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Misr_Studio_old.jpg/330px-Misr_Studio_old.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Misr_Studio_old.jpg/440px-Misr_Studio_old.jpg 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption>Didirikan pada tahun 1935, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Studio_Misr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studio Misr (halaman belum tersedia)">Studio Misr</a> di dekat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kompleks_Piramida_Giza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kompleks Piramida Giza (halaman belum tersedia)">kompleks Piramida Giza</a>, merupakan studio film berskala besar pertama di <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pembuatan dan penayangan film menjadi sumber keuntungan sejak awal penemuannya. Menyadari kesuksesan penemuan ini di negara asalnya, Prancis, keluarga <a href="/wiki/Lumi%C3%A8re_Bersaudara" title="Lumière Bersaudara">Lumières</a> segera melakukan tur ke berbagai negara di Eropa untuk memperkenalkan film mereka, baik kepada keluarga kerajaan maupun masyarakat umum. Di setiap negara, mereka seringkali menambahkan adegan lokal ke dalam katalog mereka dan menemukan pengusaha lokal untuk membeli peralatan, serta memproduksi, mengimpor, dan menayangkan film secara komersial. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberammergau_Passion_Play&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oberammergau Passion Play (halaman belum tersedia)">Oberammergau Passion Play</a></i> (1898)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah film komersial pertama yang diproduksi. Film-film lain segera menyusul, menjadikan film sebagai industri tersendiri yang berkembang di dunia vaudeville. <a href="/wiki/Bioskop" title="Bioskop">Bioskop</a> dan perusahaan khusus dibentuk untuk memproduksi dan mendistribusikan film. Para aktor film menjadi <a href="/wiki/Selebritas" title="Selebritas">selebritas</a> dan mendapatkan bayaran tinggi, seperti <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> yang pada tahun 1917 memiliki kontrak dengan gaji tahunan satu juta dolar. Dari tahun 1931 hingga 1956, film merupakan satu-satunya media penyimpanan dan pemutaran gambar untuk <a href="/wiki/Program_televisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Program televisi">program televisi</a>, hingga kemunculan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perekam_video&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perekam video (halaman belum tersedia)">perekam video</a>. </p><p>Di Amerika Serikat, industri film berpusat di <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood, California">Hollywood, California</a>. Pusat-pusat film regional lainnya terdapat di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Bollywood" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> di <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinema_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinema India">India</a>, yang memproduksi jumlah film terbanyak di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meskipun biaya produksi film yang tinggi cenderung membuat industri ini terkonsentrasi pada <a href="/wiki/Studio_film" title="Studio film">studio-studio besar</a>, kemajuan dalam peralatan film yang lebih terjangkau telah mendorong perkembangan film independen. </p><p>Keuntungan merupakan motivasi utama dalam industri ini, mengingat biaya produksi film yang mahal dan berisiko. Beberapa film mengalami <a href="/wiki/Pembengkakan_biaya" title="Pembengkakan biaya">pembengkakan biaya</a> yang signifikan, seperti <i><a href="/wiki/Waterworld" title="Waterworld">Waterworld</a></i> karya <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a>. Namun, banyak pembuat film yang berusaha menciptakan karya dengan nilai sosial yang abadi. <i><a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a></i>, atau "Oscar", merupakan penghargaan film paling prestisius di Amerika Serikat, yang diberikan berdasarkan prestasi artistik. Industri film pendidikan dan instruksional juga berkembang sebagai alternatif atau pelengkap dari ceramah dan teks. Namun, pendapatan di industri ini seringkali tidak stabil, bergantung pada suksesnya <a href="/wiki/Pecah_pukal" title="Pecah pukal">film-film pecah pukal</a> yang dirilis di <a href="/wiki/Bioskop" title="Bioskop">bioskop</a>. Munculnya hiburan alternatif di rumah menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang masa depan industri perfilman, dan lapangan kerja di Hollywood menjadi kurang dapat diandalkan, terutama untuk film-film dengan anggaran menengah dan rendah.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cara_pembuatan_film">Cara pembuatan film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Cara pembuatan film" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Cara pembuatan film"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seorang <a href="/wiki/Penulis" title="Penulis">penulis</a> naskah akan menulis sebuah <a href="/wiki/Naskah" title="Naskah">naskah</a>, yang berisi tentang cerita yang akan difilmkan dan kata-kata yang akan diucapkan <a href="/wiki/Artis" class="mw-redirect" title="Artis">artis</a>. Kemudian seorang <a href="/wiki/Produser" class="mw-redirect" title="Produser">produser</a> akan menyewa orang untuk bekerja pada film tersebut dan mendapatkan uang yang akan dibutuhkan untuk membayar para artis dan peralatan. Produser biasanya mendapatkan uang dengan meminjamnya dari sebuah bank atau dengan mencari investor untuk dipinjami uang untuk pembuatan film. Beberapa produser bekerja untuk sebuah studio film dan yang lainnya bekerja secara independen (mereka tidak bekerja untuk studio film). </p><p>Artis dan sutradara membaca naskah secara mendalam untuk memahami dialog, karakter, dan alur cerita yang harus disampaikan dalam sebuah produksi. Proses ini membantu artis mengetahui dengan jelas apa yang harus dikatakan dan bagaimana menyampaikannya sesuai dengan visi cerita. Setelah itu, sutradara memberikan arahan kepada para artis mengenai gerakan, ekspresi wajah, intonasi, serta emosi yang harus ditunjukkan untuk menggambarkan karakter secara autentik. Sutradara juga mengatur posisi dan interaksi antara para artis di lokasi syuting untuk memastikan setiap adegan terlihat natural dan sesuai dengan cerita yang ingin disampaikan.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah semuanya siap, seorang kameramen atau tim sinematografi mulai bekerja dengan menggunakan kamera film atau kamera digital canggih. Mereka bertugas menangkap setiap momen dengan sudut pandang yang tepat, pencahayaan yang sesuai, dan kualitas gambar yang terbaik. Proses ini dilakukan berulang kali jika diperlukan, hingga semua elemen dalam adegan sesuai dengan standar sutradara. Secara keseluruhan, kerja sama antara artis, sutradara, dan tim produksi lainnya sangat penting untuk menciptakan karya yang memukau dan menggugah emosi penonton. </p><p>Ketika film terselesaikan, seorang <a href="/wiki/Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Editor">editor</a> meletakan gambar secara bersama-sama yang akan disusun untuk membentuk keseluruhan cerita dengan durasi tertentu. Editor suara dan musik akan merekam beberapa musik dan nyanyian dan menggabungkannya ke dalam gambar film. Setelah selesai, banyak salinan yang dibuat dan ditaruh ke sebuah gulungan film. kemudian gulungan film dikirim ke <a href="/wiki/Bioskop" title="Bioskop">bioskop-bioskop</a>. Sebuah mesin elektrik yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Proyektor" class="mw-disambig" title="Proyektor">proyektor</a> akan mengeluarkan sinar melewati gulungan film yang diputar dan gambarnya akan muncul di layar besar untuk dinikmati penonton. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genre">Genre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Genre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Genre"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Genre adalah sebutan untuk membedakan berbagai jenis film. Film bisa jadi bersifat <a href="/wiki/Fiksi" title="Fiksi">fiksi</a> (dibuat-buat) atau kisah nyata ataupun campuran keduanya. Walaupun ratusan film dibuat setiap tahunnya tetapi hanya sedikit film hanya menggunakan satu genre kebanyakan menggabungkan dua genre atau lebih. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_laga" title="Film laga"><b>Aksi</b></a> - Film ini menampilkan efek dan adegan yang mencengangkan seperti kejar-kejaran menggunakan mobil ataupun tembak-tembakan yang melibatkan stuntman. Genre ini biasanya menceritakan kebaikan yang melawan kejahatan, jadi perang dan kriminal adalah subjek yang biasa. Film aksi biasanya hanya membutuhkan usaha yang kecil untuk ditonton, karena alur yang biasanya sederhana. Contoh, film Die Hard di mana ada sekelompok teroris yang mengambil alih gedung pencakar langit dan meminta tebusan untuk para sandera. Bagaimanapun juga seorang pahlawan akan menyelamatkan semuanya. Film aksi biasanya tidak membuat orang menangis, tetapi jika genre ini dicampur drama maka <a href="/wiki/Emosi" title="Emosi">emosi</a> akan dilibatkan.</li> <li><b>Petualangan</b> - Biasanya menceritakan tokoh utama yang melakukan perjalanan untuk menyelamatkan <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunia</a> atau orang terdekatnya.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Animasi" title="Animasi">Animasi</a></b> - Film yang menggunakan karakter kartun sebagai <a href="/wiki/Tokoh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokoh">tokohnya</a>. Gambarnya dulu harus digambar oleh tangan, tetapi sekarang lebih sering menggunakan komputer.</li> <li><b>Persahabatan</b> - Melibatkan dua orang tokoh, di mana yang satu harus menyelamatkan yang lainnya dan keduanya harus mengatasi masalah yang menghadang. Film persahabatan kadang-kadang dicampur komedi, tetapi ada juga yang dibumbuhi sedikit emosi, karena persahabatan di antara keduanya.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Film_komedi" title="Film komedi">Komedi</a></b> - Film lucu tentang orang bodoh yang melakukan hal aneh atau menjadi bodoh dan terlibat hal konyol yang membuat penonton tertawa.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_dokumenter" title="Film dokumenter"><b>Dokumenter</b></a> - Film tentang (atau diklaim tentang) kehidupan nyata seseorang dan kejadian nyata. Genre ini hampir selalu serius dan mungkin melibatkan emosi yang kuat, contoh film Catatan Terakhir Di Nusakambangan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_drama" title="Film drama"><b>Drama</b></a> - Film serius dan kadang-kadang tentang orang yang jatuh cinta atau perlu membuat keputusan yang besar dalam hidup mereka. Genre ini menceritakan tentang hubungan di antara manusia. Genre ini biasanya mengikuti alur dasar di mana 1 atau 2 karakter harus mengatasi sebuah rintangan untuk mendapatkan apa yang mereka mau. didasarkan pada cerita fiktif yang sifatnya menghibur. contoh <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m88movie.com/tv/shooting-stars/">film drama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621205205/https://m88movie.com/tv/shooting-stars/">Diarsipkan</a> 2022-06-21 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. umumnya cerita kisah percintaan.</li> <li><b>Tragedi</b> - Tragedi mirip dengan drama, tentang orang yang sedang memiliki masalah. Contoh, sepasang suami istri yang bercerai dan masing-masing harus membuktikan ke pengadilan bahwa mereka adalah yang terbaik untuk mengasuh anak mereka. Emosi (perasaan) adalah bagian terbesar dari film ini dan penonton mungkin jadi bingung dan bahkan menangis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir"><b>Film Noir</b></a> - Film drama detektif era 1940-an tentang kriminal dan kekerasan.</li> <li><b>Keluarga</b> - Film yang dibuat dengan baik untuk semua keluarga. Genre ini kebanyakan dibuat untuk anak-anak, tetapi kadang menghibur juga untuk orang dewasa. Disney terkenal karena film Keluarga mereka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_horor" title="Film horor"><b>Horor</b></a> - Film yang menggunakan ketakutan untuk menarik penonton. Musik, pencahayaan dan latar, semua ditambahkan untuk menambahkan sensasi dan pengalaman.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_komedi_romantis" title="Film komedi romantis"><b>Romantis</b></a> - Komedi romantis biasanya tentang cerita cinta dua orang yang berasal dari dunia berbeda, yang harus melewati rintangan agar bisa bersama.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiksi_ilmiah" title="Fiksi ilmiah"><b>Fiksi Sains</b></a> (Sci-Fi) - Berlatar masa depan atau luar angkasa. Biasanya menceritakan dunia fiksi berimajinasi tentang sebagian besar makhluk luar angkasa (monster) ataupun hal-hal yang berbau robot.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Thriller" class="mw-redirect" title="Thriller">Thriller</a></b> - Biasanya tentang misteri, kejadian aneh, atau kriminal yang harus dipecahkan. Penonton akan tetap menebak-nebak sampai akhir film, ketika biasanya ada akhir yang <i>twist</i> (mengejutkan).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Film_kejahatan" title="Film kejahatan">Kejahatan</a></b> - menceritakan yang berfokus pada kehidupan kejahatan.</li> <li><b>Western</b> - menceritakan tentang <a href="/wiki/Koboi" title="Koboi">koboi</a> di barat (Amerika 1800-an). Genre ini bisa jadi melibatkan suku Indian (penduduk asli amerika).</li> <li><i><b>Suspense</b></i> - Film yang membuat anda tetap duduk di kursi anda. Genre ini biasanya memiliki lebih dari satu <i>twist</i> yang bisa membingungkan penonton.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fantasi" title="Fantasi">Fantasi</a></b> - Film fantasi ini melibatkan sihir dan hal yang mustahil yang tidak bisa dilakukan manusia sungguhan.</li> <li>Gore - Film yang sering memperlihatkan aksi brutal atau hal-hal sadis yang berlumuran darah dan sebagainya.</li> <li>Perang - <a href="/wiki/Genre_film" title="Genre film">genre film</a> yang berkaitan dengan <a href="/wiki/Perang" title="Perang">perang</a>, biasanya sekitar <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_laut" title="Angkatan laut">angkatan laut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_udara" title="Angkatan udara">angkatan udara</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_darat" title="Angkatan darat">angkatan darat</a>, kadang-kadang fokus pada <a href="/wiki/Tawanan_perang" title="Tawanan perang">tawanan perang</a>, operasi rahasia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_dan_pelatihan_militer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendidikan dan pelatihan militer (halaman belum tersedia)">pendidikan dan pelatihan militer</a> atau topik terkait lainnya.</li> <li>Gangster - Film ini melibatkan sekelompok orang orang yang bisa dipandang jahat (antagonis) tetapi bisa juga dipandang baik (protagonis) bagi seseorang.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_film_dengan_durasi_terlama" title="Daftar film dengan durasi terlama">Daftar film dengan durasi terlama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_horor" title="Film horor">Film horor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Asean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Asean (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Asean</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Brunei (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfilman_Indonesia" title="Perfilman Indonesia">Film Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Malaysia (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Singapura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Singapura (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Singapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Thailand">Film Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Vietnam (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Vietnam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Afrika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Afrika (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Afrika</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Mesir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Maroko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Maroko (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Maroko</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Amerika">Film Amerika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Amerika_Latin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Amerika Latin (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Amerika Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Asia_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Asia Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Asia Selatan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Film India">Film India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Pakistan (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Pakistan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Asia_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Asia Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Asia Timur</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Tiongkok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Tiongkok (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Tiongkok</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Hongkong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Hongkong (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Hongkong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Taiwan (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Taiwan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Jepang">Film Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Korea">Film Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Tibet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Tibet (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Tibet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Eropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Barat" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Barat">Film Barat</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Eropa_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Eropa Barat (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Eropa Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Eropa_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Eropa Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Eropa Timur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Film Iran (halaman belum tersedia)">Film Iran</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Indonesia" lang="Indonesia">(Indonesia)</span> Arti kata <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/wayang%20gambar">wayang gambar</a></i> dalam situs web <a href="/wiki/Kamus_Besar_Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia">Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia</a> oleh <i><a href="/wiki/Badan_Pengembangan_dan_Pembinaan_Bahasa" title="Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa">Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kementerian_Pendidikan,_Kebudayaan,_Riset,_dan_Teknologi_Republik_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia">Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Severny, Andrei (2013-09-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130907214603/http://tribecafilm.com/future-of-film/future-of-the-movie-theater-is-in-your-mind%7Cdead-url%3Dyes%7D%7D">"The Future of Film/Movie Theater of the Future Will Be In Your Mind"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribeca_film&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribeca film (halaman belum tersedia)">Tribeca film</a></i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribecafilm.com/future-of-film/future-of-the-movie-theater-is-in-your-mind">versi asli</a> tanggal 2013-09-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tribeca+film&rft.atitle=The+Future+of+Film%2FMovie+Theater+of+the+Future+Will+Be+In+Your+Mind&rft.date=2013-09-05&rft.aulast=Severny&rft.aufirst=Andrei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribecafilm.com%2Ffuture-of-film%2Ffuture-of-the-movie-theater-is-in-your-mind&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220201065246/https://www.etymonline.com/word/film">"film | Etymology, origin and meaning of film by etymonline"</a>. <i>www.etymonline.com</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/film">versi asli</a> tanggal 2022-02-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.etymonline.com&rft.atitle=film+%7C+Etymology%2C+origin+and+meaning+of+film+by+etymonline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Ffilm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/flick">"Flick"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. 22 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326031732/https://www.etymonline.com/word/flick">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-03-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Flick&rft.date=2014-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fflick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Couvares, Francis G. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311110351/https://books.google.com/books?id=D5R7NNAuH1AC&dq=Oberammergau+Passion+Play+1898&pg=PA63"><i>Movie Censorship and American Culture</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Univ of Massachusetts Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-55849-575-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-55849-575-3">978-1-55849-575-3</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D5R7NNAuH1AC&dq=Oberammergau+Passion+Play+1898&pg=PA63">versi asli</a> tanggal 2022-03-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Movie+Censorship+and+American+Culture&rft.pub=Univ+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-575-3&rft.aulast=Couvares&rft.aufirst=Francis+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD5R7NNAuH1AC%26dq%3DOberammergau%2BPassion%2BPlay%2B1898%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/04/07/india.sexywood/index.html">Bollywood Hots Up</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307024113/http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/04/07/india.sexywood/index.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-03-07 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. cnn.com. Retrieved June 23, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Christopherson, Susan (2013-03-01). "Hollywood in decline? US film and television producers beyond the era of fiscal crisis". <i>Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <b>6</b> (1): 141–157. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fcjres%2Frss024">10.1093/cjres/rss024</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1752-1378">1752-1378</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+Journal+of+Regions%2C+Economy+and+Society&rft.atitle=Hollywood+in+decline%3F+US+film+and+television+producers+beyond+the+era+of+fiscal+crisis&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=141-157&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fcjres%2Frss024&rft.issn=1752-1378&rft.aulast=Christopherson&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Rashid, Haroon (2024-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sumorb.com/blog/yandex-semua-film-tonton-film-gratis-tanpa-vpn-2024/">"Yandex Semua Film | Tonton Film Viral HD Tanpa VPN 2025"</a>. <i>Sumorb</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2025-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sumorb&rft.atitle=Yandex+Semua+Film+%7C+Tonton+Film+Viral+HD+Tanpa+VPN+2025&rft.date=2024-04-30&rft.aulast=Rashid&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsumorb.com%2Fblog%2Fyandex-semua-film-tonton-film-gratis-tanpa-vpn-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFilm" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Film&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala 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aria-label="Portals" class="noprint plainlist portalbox portalborder tright"> <ul> <li><span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/28px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/42px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/56px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></span><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Portal Film </a></span></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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