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class="topic-page sm-display-articles"> <h1 class="legacy">Articles on Sports</h1> <div class="grid-ten large-grid-eight"> <section id="articles"> <h3 class="border">Displaying 1 - 20 of 589 articles</span></h3> <div class="content-list"> <article data-id="243332" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="How the gladiators inspired evangelicals’ sense of persecution" href="/how-the-gladiators-inspired-evangelicals-sense-of-persecution-243332"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:48.50299401197605%;--background-color:#305848"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/634223/original/file-20241125-15-jmits0.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=0%2C0%2C4952%2C2472&q=45&auto=format&w=668&h=324&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="634223"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Jean-Simon Berthelemy’s 1773 painting ‘Death of a Gladiator.’ </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Heritage Art/Heritage Images via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-11-26T13:38:06Z" data-format="tc_date"> November 26, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/how-the-gladiators-inspired-evangelicals-sense-of-persecution-243332">How the gladiators inspired evangelicals’ sense of persecution</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/cavan-w-concannon-429254">Cavan W. Concannon</a>, <em>USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>To early Christians, ancient gladiators were potent symbols of martyrdom, embodying virtue and bravery despite being enslaved.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="242868" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Grantland Rice, the Four Horsemen and the blowout that never was" href="/grantland-rice-the-four-horsemen-and-the-blowout-that-never-was-242868"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#424242"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/632744/original/file-20241118-17-oaw1dm.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=683%2C15%2C4500%2C4500&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="632744"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Sportswriter Grantland Rice, far right, regales onlookers during a boxing match at Yankee Stadium in 1946. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Bettmann Archive/Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-11-21T13:21:27Z" data-format="tc_date"> November 21, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/grantland-rice-the-four-horsemen-and-the-blowout-that-never-was-242868">Grantland Rice, the Four Horsemen and the blowout that never was</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/stephen-brauer-2251442">Stephen Brauer</a>, <em>University of Richmond</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Generations of sportswriters have been inspired by Rice’s penchant for drama and flair. But the spectacular can obfuscate the real, more interesting stories taking place on and off the field.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="228779" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="It’s clear footy has an Indigenous participation problem, and the AFL draft is only part of the solution" href="/its-clear-footy-has-an-indigenous-participation-problem-and-the-afl-draft-is-only-part-of-the-solution-228779"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4f342a"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/632554/original/file-20241118-15-qzu32.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=86%2C78%2C3099%2C3099&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="632554"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Morgan Hancock/AAP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-11-18T22:50:35Z" data-format="tc_date"> November 18, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/its-clear-footy-has-an-indigenous-participation-problem-and-the-afl-draft-is-only-part-of-the-solution-228779">It’s clear footy has an Indigenous participation problem, and the AFL draft is only part of the solution</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/chelsey-taylor-1381133">Chelsey Taylor</a>, <em>Swinburne University of Technology</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/andrew-peters-107574">Andrew Peters</a>, <em>Swinburne University of Technology</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Ahead of the AFL draft, a steady decline of Indigenous players in the men’s and women’s leagues needs to be rectified.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="240398" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Strength training early in life can set up kids and adolescents for a lifetime of health and <span class="nobr">well-being</span>" href="/strength-training-early-in-life-can-set-up-kids-and-adolescents-for-a-lifetime-of-health-and-well-being-240398"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#6c563b"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/630070/original/file-20241105-15-zczeod.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=0%2C0%2C3837%2C3837&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="630070"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> An age-appropriate strength training program can have significant benefits for children and adolescents. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">The Good Brigade/DigitalVision via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-11-08T13:39:04Z" data-format="tc_date"> November 8, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/strength-training-early-in-life-can-set-up-kids-and-adolescents-for-a-lifetime-of-health-and-well-being-240398">Strength training early in life can set up kids and adolescents for a lifetime of health and <span class="nobr">well-being</span></a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/zachary-gillen-1251178">Zachary Gillen</a>, <em>Mississippi State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Strength training programs for young people can improve muscle tone, prevent obesity and develop good exercise habits that last into adulthood.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="241793" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="What can sport fans do if their team, or league, is being sportswashed?" href="/what-can-sport-fans-do-if-their-team-or-league-is-being-sportswashed-241793"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4c5030"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629410/original/file-20241031-17-16q210.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=898%2C101%2C2538%2C2538&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="629410"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Chris Trotman/LIV Golf via AP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-11-08T02:45:39Z" data-format="tc_date"> November 8, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/what-can-sport-fans-do-if-their-team-or-league-is-being-sportswashed-241793">What can sport fans do if their team, or league, is being sportswashed?</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/paul-bowell-1185084">Paul Bowell</a>, <em>Swinburne University of Technology</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Sportwashing is becoming more entrenched across the globe, but there are various methods fans can use if they want to resist it.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="241781" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Olympic athletes live much longer than ‘average Joes’ – but elite AFL and rugby union players don’t" href="/olympic-athletes-live-much-longer-than-average-joes-but-elite-afl-and-rugby-union-players-dont-241781"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#30535c"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/628117/original/file-20241024-15-5sk3v2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1809%2C19%2C4253%2C4253&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="628117"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">James Gourley/AAP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-28T22:43:19Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 28, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/olympic-athletes-live-much-longer-than-average-joes-but-elite-afl-and-rugby-union-players-dont-241781">Olympic athletes live much longer than ‘average Joes’ – but elite AFL and rugby union players don’t</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/reidar-p-lystad-1268304">Reidar P. Lystad</a>, <em>Macquarie University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>New research shows Olympic athletes generally outlive the general population by more than three years but the picture isn’t as pretty for elite AFL and rugby union players.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="240433" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="<span class="nobr">Student-athletes</span> find more power in the changing legal landscape of college sports" href="/student-athletes-find-more-power-in-the-changing-legal-landscape-of-college-sports-240433"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#344950"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/625692/original/file-20241014-15-fue19r.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=2320%2C0%2C5000%2C5000&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="625692"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Money disputes abound between players and universities. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Aksonov/E+ via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-25T12:48:10Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 25, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/student-athletes-find-more-power-in-the-changing-legal-landscape-of-college-sports-240433"><span class="nobr">Student-athletes</span> find more power in the changing legal landscape of college sports</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/joshua-lens-2225881">Joshua Lens</a>, <em>University of Iowa</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>The ability to make money through endorsements is complicating the world of college sports. Do athletes have too much power?</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="241836" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Thomas Tuchel: the philosophical dilemma facing the new England coach" href="/thomas-tuchel-the-philosophical-dilemma-facing-the-new-england-coach-241836"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#38485e"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/626999/original/file-20241021-17-7pct6r.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=534%2C0%2C3411%2C3411&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="626999"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Thomas Tuchel speaking about his appointment at a press conference. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Neil Hall</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-21T13:38:55Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 21, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/thomas-tuchel-the-philosophical-dilemma-facing-the-new-england-coach-241836">Thomas Tuchel: the philosophical dilemma facing the new England coach</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/john-william-devine-326210">John William Devine</a>, <em>Swansea University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>At its best, a national team’s style reflects a national footballing philosophy. But honouring our sporting identity may conflict with our desire to win.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="240512" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="More than money: The geopolitics behind Saudi Arabia’s sports strategy" href="/more-than-money-the-geopolitics-behind-saudi-arabias-sports-strategy-240512"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4f372b"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/625951/original/file-20241015-15-wf7fzq.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=794%2C0%2C3645%2C3645&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="625951"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Saudi fans hold pictures of Saudi Arabia’s King Salman and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman ahead of the AFC Asian Cup group E soccer match between Saudi Arabia and Qatar in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in January 2018. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">(AP Photo/Hassan Ammar)</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-20T12:30:00Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 20, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/more-than-money-the-geopolitics-behind-saudi-arabias-sports-strategy-240512">More than money: The geopolitics behind Saudi Arabia’s sports strategy</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/aaron-ettinger-1163134">Aaron Ettinger</a>, <em>Carleton University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Saudi Arabia’s sports charm offensive is about more than money. It’s about an investment in the future prosperity and security of the kingdom and the longevity of the Saudi dynasty — and it’s working.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="240550" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="When does the love of the game outweigh the cost? ABC’s Plum brings rugby league’s concussion crisis to the fore" href="/when-does-the-love-of-the-game-outweigh-the-cost-abcs-plum-brings-rugby-leagues-concussion-crisis-to-the-fore-240550"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#304655"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/626613/original/file-20241018-15-g8yti.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1858%2C50%2C5001%2C5001&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="626613"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">ABC</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-18T01:27:32Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 18, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/when-does-the-love-of-the-game-outweigh-the-cost-abcs-plum-brings-rugby-leagues-concussion-crisis-to-the-fore-240550">When does the love of the game outweigh the cost? ABC’s Plum brings rugby league’s concussion crisis to the fore</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/michelle-oshea-457947">Michelle O'Shea</a>, <em>Western Sydney University</em>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/christopher-yorke-2213149">Christopher Yorke</a>, <em>Western Sydney University</em>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jeremy-sleiman-2224264">Jeremy Sleiman</a>, <em>Western Sydney University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>The drama comes at an important time in the debate raging over the harms posed by concussion sports.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="240403" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="European court ruling finds just cause to award soccer players greater freedom of movement" href="/european-court-ruling-finds-just-cause-to-award-soccer-players-greater-freedom-of-movement-240403"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#315350"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/623945/original/file-20241007-15-qih0sz.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=907%2C0%2C3169%2C3168&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="623945"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> A ruling that Harry Kane may be happy about? </span> <span class="source" title="Source">James Gill/Danehouse via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-08T12:24:29Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 8, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/european-court-ruling-finds-just-cause-to-award-soccer-players-greater-freedom-of-movement-240403">European court ruling finds just cause to award soccer players greater freedom of movement</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/stefan-szymanski-1226104">Stefan Szymanski</a>, <em>University of Michigan</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>The decision will shake up a transfer market that is weighted in favor of clubs over players – it could also benefit leagues such as MLS.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="238997" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="How do I know when it’s time to replace my running shoes?" href="/how-do-i-know-when-its-time-to-replace-my-running-shoes-238997"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#574431"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/622367/original/file-20240930-16-3v24cu.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=808%2C0%2C3997%2C3997&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="622367"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Slatan/Shutterstock</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-10-03T02:14:43Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 3, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/how-do-i-know-when-its-time-to-replace-my-running-shoes-238997">How do I know when it’s time to replace my running shoes?</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/john-arnold-178470">John Arnold</a>, <em>University of South Australia</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/joel-fuller-2210202">Joel Fuller</a>, <em>Macquarie University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>The standard advice is to replace your runners after 500–800 kilometres. But science shows it could be more or less – here are the three signs to look out for.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="238310" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="The harder I work, the luckier I get? What coaches, athletes and fans need to understand about luck in sport" href="/the-harder-i-work-the-luckier-i-get-what-coaches-athletes-and-fans-need-to-understand-about-luck-in-sport-238310"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#5461a0"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/617447/original/file-20240905-18-mj43q4.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=658%2C119%2C2544%2C2544&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="617447"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Steven Bradbury celebrates his unexpected Winter Olympics gold medal. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Lionel Cironnea/AP Photo</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-09-18T01:57:07Z" data-format="tc_date"> September 18, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/the-harder-i-work-the-luckier-i-get-what-coaches-athletes-and-fans-need-to-understand-about-luck-in-sport-238310">The harder I work, the luckier I get? What coaches, athletes and fans need to understand about luck in sport</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/steven-rynne-326176">Steven Rynne</a>, <em>The University of Queensland</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/michael-john-okeeffe-1280176">Michael John O'Keeffe</a>, <em>The University of Queensland</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Most athletes, coaches and fans do not want to acknowledge the impact of luck in sporting contests but it is part of what makes sport so compelling.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="237104" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Online public shaming of women athletes at the 2024 Paris Olympics highlights <span class="nobr">gender-based</span> violence" href="/online-public-shaming-of-women-athletes-at-the-2024-paris-olympics-highlights-gender-based-violence-237104"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4d3032"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/618589/original/file-20240910-18-zy9fd7.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=337%2C38%2C3985%2C3985&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="618589"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Algeria’s Imane Khelif, left, fights China’s Yang Liu in their women’s 66 kg final boxing match at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">(AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-09-12T15:31:55Z" data-format="tc_date"> September 12, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/online-public-shaming-of-women-athletes-at-the-2024-paris-olympics-highlights-gender-based-violence-237104">Online public shaming of women athletes at the 2024 Paris Olympics highlights <span class="nobr">gender-based</span> violence</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/gretchen-kerr-157899">Gretchen Kerr</a>, <em>University of Toronto</em>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/ellen-macpherson-2207426">Ellen MacPherson</a>, <em>University of Toronto</em>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sophie-wensel-2207425">Sophie Wensel</a>, <em>University of Toronto</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>To achieve more diverse and inclusive sport environments, it is essential to prevent and appropriately respond to gender-based violence, including incidents of online public shaming.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="238473" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="A mild concussion from amateur sports might not cause cognitive decline – but repeated injuries can" href="/a-mild-concussion-from-amateur-sports-might-not-cause-cognitive-decline-but-repeated-injuries-can-238473"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#5e5931"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/618781/original/file-20240911-20-85qxz8.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1071%2C0%2C2138%2C2138&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="618781"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Dziurek/Shutterstock</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-09-11T16:20:12Z" data-format="tc_date"> September 11, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/a-mild-concussion-from-amateur-sports-might-not-cause-cognitive-decline-but-repeated-injuries-can-238473">A mild concussion from amateur sports might not cause cognitive decline – but repeated injuries can</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/julian-owen-1346859">Julian Owen</a>, <em>Bangor University</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/paul-mullins-2205336">Paul Mullins</a>, <em>Bangor University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>A new study found the benefits of amateur sport outweigh the risks of a single blow to the head – but repeated concussions are likely to do more damage.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="236559" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="A new campaign aims to tackle period stigma to keep girls and women playing sports" href="/a-new-campaign-aims-to-tackle-period-stigma-to-keep-girls-and-women-playing-sports-236559"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#494e2f"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/616338/original/file-20240829-16-2hqdia.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1091%2C0%2C4436%2C4436&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="616338"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> A 12-year-old player with the Huracán de Chabas team controls the ball during a soccer match against Alumni in Arequito, Santa Fe province, Argentina, in June 2023. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">(AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-08-29T22:27:07Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 29, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/a-new-campaign-aims-to-tackle-period-stigma-to-keep-girls-and-women-playing-sports-236559">A new campaign aims to tackle period stigma to keep girls and women playing sports</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sarah-zipp-481262">Sarah Zipp</a>, <em>Mount Saint Mary's University</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lyndsay-m-c-hayhurst-1107447">Lyndsay M.C. Hayhurst</a>, <em>York University, Canada</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>There remains a glaring lack of structural support and policies to address the ways menstrual health impacts women’s and girls’ participation in sports at all levels, from grassroots to elite.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="237101" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="When Paralympic athletes fake the extent of their disability" href="/when-paralympic-athletes-fake-the-extent-of-their-disability-237101"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#2d334f"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/615883/original/file-20240827-19-ytzk5w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1274%2C0%2C3587%2C3587&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="615883"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> A wheelchair rugby player trains for the 2024 Summer Paralympic Games in Paris. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Alex Davidson/Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-08-28T12:33:55Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 28, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/when-paralympic-athletes-fake-the-extent-of-their-disability-237101">When Paralympic athletes fake the extent of their disability</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jaime-schultz-285525">Jaime Schultz</a>, <em>Penn State</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Parasports couldn’t exist without classifying competitors by their physical and mental limitations. But the process is far from perfect, and a handful of athletes have tried to game the system.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="236919" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Field of dreams? How some professional cricketers continue to pay the price for sporting excellence" href="/field-of-dreams-how-some-professional-cricketers-continue-to-pay-the-price-for-sporting-excellence-236919"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#30385a"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/614332/original/file-20240819-17-4mayjq.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=2310%2C0%2C2801%2C2800&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="614332"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">vectorfusionart/Shutterstock</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-08-26T16:26:09Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 26, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/field-of-dreams-how-some-professional-cricketers-continue-to-pay-the-price-for-sporting-excellence-236919">Field of dreams? How some professional cricketers continue to pay the price for sporting excellence</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/helen-owton-172537">Helen Owton</a>, <em>The Open University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Cricket is physically and mentally demanding and draining – and it has a suicide problem. Here’s why.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="233766" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="What is mental imagery? Brain researchers explain the pictures in your mind and why they’re useful" href="/what-is-mental-imagery-brain-researchers-explain-the-pictures-in-your-mind-and-why-theyre-useful-233766"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4b3930"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/610364/original/file-20240730-17-zs0xc2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=922%2C131%2C3408%2C3408&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="610364"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Some people can visualize things perfectly in their mind’s eye, while others can’t. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">designer491/iStock via Getty Images Plus</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-08-26T12:29:10Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 26, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/what-is-mental-imagery-brain-researchers-explain-the-pictures-in-your-mind-and-why-theyre-useful-233766">What is mental imagery? Brain researchers explain the pictures in your mind and why they’re useful</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lynne-gauthier-1545302">Lynne Gauthier</a>, <em>UMass Lowell</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jiabin-shen-1545303">Jiabin Shen</a>, <em>UMass Lowell</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Here’s how your brain visualizes scenarios that you’re not actually looking at with your eyes.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="236684" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="How Paris 2024 became the most memed Olympics ever" href="/how-paris-2024-became-the-most-memed-olympics-ever-236684"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4f372f"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/613430/original/file-20240814-21-og8z4l.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=435%2C0%2C1652%2C1652&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="613430"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Arturo Holmes/Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-08-15T03:25:17Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 15, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/how-paris-2024-became-the-most-memed-olympics-ever-236684">How Paris 2024 became the most memed Olympics ever</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/naomi-smith-329628">Naomi Smith</a>, <em>University of the Sunshine Coast</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content" data-raw=""> <span>Between Snoop Dogg’s antics, a muffin-obsessed swimmer and the coolest sharpshooter in the world, this year’s games delivered viral moments in spades.</span> </div> </article> </div> <nav class="pagination" role="navigation" aria-label="pager"> <span class="page current"> 1 </span> <span class="page"> <a rel="next" href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=2">2</a> </span> <span class="page"> <a href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=3">3</a> </span> <span class="page"> <a href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=4">4</a> </span> <span class="page"> <a href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=5">5</a> </span> <span class="page gap"></span> <span class="next"> <a rel="next" href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=2"><i class="icon-caret-right" title="Next"></i></a> </span> <span class="last"> <a href="/global/topics/sports-4768?page=30">Last</a> </span> </nav> </section> </div> <div class="grid-six grid-last large-grid-eight"> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four"> <section class="module related-topics topic-list clearfix"> <h3 class="border"> Related Topics <i 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</section> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four grid-last"> <section class="module expert-authors clearfix"> <h3 class="border">Top contributors</h3> <ol class="semantic article-authors"> <li class="vcard" id="author-167164" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/john-affleck-167164"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/167164/width170/image-20230214-26-fgx17j.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> John Affleck </span> </a> <p class="role"> Knight Chair in Sports Journalism and Society, Penn State </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1226104" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/stefan-szymanski-1226104"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1226104/width170/Szymanski_2020.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Stefan Szymanski </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor of Sport Management, University of Michigan </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-907953" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/taylor-mckee-907953"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/907953/width170/image-20230720-25-vbonis.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Taylor McKee </span> </a> <p class="role"> Assistant Professor, Sport Management, Brock University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-116302" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/grant-jarvie-116302"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/116302/width170/RackMultipart20140210-28361-10xwncx.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Grant Jarvie </span> </a> <p class="role"> Chair of Sport and Head of the Academy of Sport, University of Edinburgh </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-153796" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/paul-widdop-153796"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/153796/width170/image-20150203-25531-11gh774.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Paul Widdop </span> </a> <p class="role"> Associate Professor of Sport Business, Manchester Metropolitan University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1248890" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/macintosh-ross-1248890"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1248890/width170/image-20211118-26-fvc5uq.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> MacIntosh Ross </span> </a> <p class="role"> Assistant Professor, Kinesiology, Western University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-94601" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/simon-chadwick-94601"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" 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Either set keySeparator: false on init or make sure your translations are published in nested format.")}let e=[];const s=this.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng,t.lng||this.language);if("fallback"===this.options.saveMissingTo&&s&&s[0])for(let t=0;t<s.length;t++)e.push(s[t]);else"all"===this.options.saveMissingTo?e=this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(t.lng||this.language):e.push(t.lng||this.language);const i=(e,s,i)=>{const n=d&&i!==p?i:y;this.options.missingKeyHandler?this.options.missingKeyHandler(e,l,s,n,b,t):this.backendConnector?.saveMissing&&this.backendConnector.saveMissing(e,l,s,n,b,t),this.emit("missingKey",e,l,s,p)};this.options.saveMissing&&(this.options.saveMissingPlurals&&u?e.forEach((e=>{const s=this.pluralResolver.getSuffixes(e,t);v&&t[`defaultValue${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`]&&s.indexOf(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`)<0&&s.push(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`),s.forEach((s=>{i([e],r+s,t[`defaultValue${s}`]||m)}))})):i(e,r,m))}p=this.extendTranslation(p,e,t,h,s),a&&p===r&&this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey&&(p=`${l}:${r}`),(a||n)&&this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler&&(p=this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler(this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey?`${l}:${r}`:r,n?p:void 0))}else{if(!t.returnObjects&&!this.options.returnObjects){this.options.returnedObjectHandler||this.logger.warn("accessing an object - but returnObjects options is not enabled!");const e=this.options.returnedObjectHandler?this.options.returnedObjectHandler(d,p,{...t,ns:a}):`key '${r} (${this.language})' returned an object instead of string.`;return n?(h.res=e,h.usedParams=this.getUsedParamsDetails(t),h):e}if(o){const e=Array.isArray(p),s=e?[]:{},i=e?g:d;for(const e in p)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(p,e)){const n=`${i}${o}${e}`;s[e]=this.translate(n,{...t,joinArrays:!1,ns:a}),s[e]===n&&(s[e]=p[e])}p=s}}return n?(h.res=p,h.usedParams=this.getUsedParamsDetails(t),h):p}extendTranslation(e,t,s,n,o){var r=this;if(this.i18nFormat?.parse)e=this.i18nFormat.parse(e,{...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...s},s.lng||this.language||n.usedLng,n.usedNS,n.usedKey,{resolved:n});else if(!s.skipInterpolation){s.interpolation&&this.interpolator.init({...s,interpolation:{...this.options.interpolation,...s.interpolation}});const a=i(e)&&(void 0!==s?.interpolation?.skipOnVariables?s.interpolation.skipOnVariables:this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables);let l;if(a){const t=e.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);l=t&&t.length}let c=s.replace&&!i(s.replace)?s.replace:s;if(this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables&&(c={...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...c}),e=this.interpolator.interpolate(e,c,s.lng||this.language||n.usedLng,s),a){const t=e.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);l<(t&&t.length)&&(s.nest=!1)}!s.lng&&n&&n.res&&(s.lng=this.language||n.usedLng),!1!==s.nest&&(e=this.interpolator.nest(e,(function(){for(var e=arguments.length,i=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)i[n]=arguments[n];return o?.[0]!==i[0]||s.context?r.translate(...i,t):(r.logger.warn(`It seems you are nesting recursively key: ${i[0]} in key: ${t[0]}`),null)}),s)),s.interpolation&&this.interpolator.reset()}const a=s.postProcess||this.options.postProcess,l=i(a)?[a]:a;return null!=e&&l?.length&&!1!==s.applyPostProcessor&&(e=L.handle(l,e,t,this.options&&this.options.postProcessPassResolved?{i18nResolved:{...n,usedParams:this.getUsedParamsDetails(s)},...s}:s,this)),e}resolve(e){let t,s,n,o,r,a=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};return i(e)&&(e=[e]),e.forEach((e=>{if(this.isValidLookup(t))return;const l=this.extractFromKey(e,a),c=l.key;s=c;let u=l.namespaces;this.options.fallbackNS&&(u=u.concat(this.options.fallbackNS));const h=void 0!==a.count&&!i(a.count),p=h&&!a.ordinal&&0===a.count,d=void 0!==a.context&&(i(a.context)||"number"==typeof a.context)&&""!==a.context,g=a.lngs?a.lngs:this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(a.lng||this.language,a.fallbackLng);u.forEach((e=>{this.isValidLookup(t)||(r=e,R[`${g[0]}-${e}`]||!this.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace||this.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace(r)||(R[`${g[0]}-${e}`]=!0,this.logger.warn(`key "${s}" for languages "${g.join(", ")}" won't get resolved as namespace "${r}" was not yet loaded`,"This means something IS WRONG in your setup. You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!")),g.forEach((s=>{if(this.isValidLookup(t))return;o=s;const i=[c];if(this.i18nFormat?.addLookupKeys)this.i18nFormat.addLookupKeys(i,c,s,e,a);else{let e;h&&(e=this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(s,a.count,a));const t=`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`,n=`${this.options.pluralSeparator}ordinal${this.options.pluralSeparator}`;if(h&&(i.push(c+e),a.ordinal&&0===e.indexOf(n)&&i.push(c+e.replace(n,this.options.pluralSeparator)),p&&i.push(c+t)),d){const s=`${c}${this.options.contextSeparator}${a.context}`;i.push(s),h&&(i.push(s+e),a.ordinal&&0===e.indexOf(n)&&i.push(s+e.replace(n,this.options.pluralSeparator)),p&&i.push(s+t))}}let r;for(;r=i.pop();)this.isValidLookup(t)||(n=r,t=this.getResource(s,e,r,a))})))}))})),{res:t,usedKey:s,exactUsedKey:n,usedLng:o,usedNS:r}}isValidLookup(e){return!(void 0===e||!this.options.returnNull&&null===e||!this.options.returnEmptyString&&""===e)}getResource(e,t,s){let i=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};return this.i18nFormat?.getResource?this.i18nFormat.getResource(e,t,s,i):this.resourceStore.getResource(e,t,s,i)}getUsedParamsDetails(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};const t=["defaultValue","ordinal","context","replace","lng","lngs","fallbackLng","ns","keySeparator","nsSeparator","returnObjects","returnDetails","joinArrays","postProcess","interpolation"],s=e.replace&&!i(e.replace);let n=s?e.replace:e;if(s&&void 0!==e.count&&(n.count=e.count),this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables&&(n={...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...n}),!s){n={...n};for(const e of t)delete n[e]}return n}static hasDefaultValue(e){const t="defaultValue";for(const s in e)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,s)&&t===s.substring(0,12)&&void 0!==e[s])return!0;return!1}}class j{constructor(e){this.options=e,this.supportedLngs=this.options.supportedLngs||!1,this.logger=S.create("languageUtils")}getScriptPartFromCode(e){if(!(e=b(e))||e.indexOf("-")<0)return null;const t=e.split("-");return 2===t.length?null:(t.pop(),"x"===t[t.length-1].toLowerCase()?null:this.formatLanguageCode(t.join("-")))}getLanguagePartFromCode(e){if(!(e=b(e))||e.indexOf("-")<0)return e;const t=e.split("-");return this.formatLanguageCode(t[0])}formatLanguageCode(e){if(i(e)&&e.indexOf("-")>-1){let t=Intl.getCanonicalLocales(e)[0];return t&&this.options.lowerCaseLng&&(t=t.toLowerCase()),t||(this.options.lowerCaseLng?e.toLowerCase():e)}return this.options.cleanCode||this.options.lowerCaseLng?e.toLowerCase():e}isSupportedCode(e){return("languageOnly"===this.options.load||this.options.nonExplicitSupportedLngs)&&(e=this.getLanguagePartFromCode(e)),!this.supportedLngs||!this.supportedLngs.length||this.supportedLngs.indexOf(e)>-1}getBestMatchFromCodes(e){if(!e)return null;let t;return e.forEach((e=>{if(t)return;const s=this.formatLanguageCode(e);this.options.supportedLngs&&!this.isSupportedCode(s)||(t=s)})),!t&&this.options.supportedLngs&&e.forEach((e=>{if(t)return;const s=this.getLanguagePartFromCode(e);if(this.isSupportedCode(s))return t=s;t=this.options.supportedLngs.find((e=>e===s?e:e.indexOf("-")<0&&s.indexOf("-")<0?void 0:e.indexOf("-")>0&&s.indexOf("-")<0&&e.substring(0,e.indexOf("-"))===s||0===e.indexOf(s)&&s.length>1?e:void 0))})),t||(t=this.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng)[0]),t}getFallbackCodes(e,t){if(!e)return[];if("function"==typeof e&&(e=e(t)),i(e)&&(e=[e]),Array.isArray(e))return e;if(!t)return e.default||[];let s=e[t];return s||(s=e[this.getScriptPartFromCode(t)]),s||(s=e[this.formatLanguageCode(t)]),s||(s=e[this.getLanguagePartFromCode(t)]),s||(s=e.default),s||[]}toResolveHierarchy(e,t){const s=this.getFallbackCodes(t||this.options.fallbackLng||[],e),n=[],o=e=>{e&&(this.isSupportedCode(e)?n.push(e):this.logger.warn(`rejecting language code not found in supportedLngs: ${e}`))};return i(e)&&(e.indexOf("-")>-1||e.indexOf("_")>-1)?("languageOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(e)),"languageOnly"!==this.options.load&&"currentOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.getScriptPartFromCode(e)),"currentOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.getLanguagePartFromCode(e))):i(e)&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(e)),s.forEach((e=>{n.indexOf(e)<0&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(e))})),n}}const $={zero:0,one:1,two:2,few:3,many:4,other:5},C={select:e=>1===e?"one":"other",resolvedOptions:()=>({pluralCategories:["one","other"]})};class N{constructor(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};this.languageUtils=e,this.options=t,this.logger=S.create("pluralResolver"),this.pluralRulesCache={}}addRule(e,t){this.rules[e]=t}clearCache(){this.pluralRulesCache={}}getRule(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};const s=b("dev"===e?"en":e),i=t.ordinal?"ordinal":"cardinal",n=JSON.stringify({cleanedCode:s,type:i});if(n in this.pluralRulesCache)return this.pluralRulesCache[n];let o;try{o=new Intl.PluralRules(s,{type:i})}catch(s){if(!Intl)return this.logger.error("No Intl support, please use an Intl polyfill!"),C;if(!e.match(/-|_/))return C;const i=this.languageUtils.getLanguagePartFromCode(e);o=this.getRule(i,t)}return this.pluralRulesCache[n]=o,o}needsPlural(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},s=this.getRule(e,t);return s||(s=this.getRule("dev",t)),s?.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.length>1}getPluralFormsOfKey(e,t){let s=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};return this.getSuffixes(e,s).map((e=>`${t}${e}`))}getSuffixes(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},s=this.getRule(e,t);return s||(s=this.getRule("dev",t)),s?s.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.sort(((e,t)=>$[e]-$[t])).map((e=>`${this.options.prepend}${t.ordinal?`ordinal${this.options.prepend}`:""}${e}`)):[]}getSuffix(e,t){let s=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};const i=this.getRule(e,s);return i?`${this.options.prepend}${s.ordinal?`ordinal${this.options.prepend}`:""}${i.select(t)}`:(this.logger.warn(`no plural rule found for: ${e}`),this.getSuffix("dev",t,s))}}const E=function(e,t,s){let n=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:".",o=!(arguments.length>4&&void 0!==arguments[4])||arguments[4],r=((e,t,s)=>{const i=h(e,s);return void 0!==i?i:h(t,s)})(e,t,s);return!r&&o&&i(s)&&(r=y(e,s,n),void 0===r&&(r=y(t,s,n))),r},A=e=>e.replace(/\$/g,"$$$$");class T{constructor(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};this.logger=S.create("interpolator"),this.options=e,this.format=e?.interpolation?.format||(e=>e),this.init(e)}init(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};e.interpolation||(e.interpolation={escapeValue:!0});const{escape:t,escapeValue:s,useRawValueToEscape:i,prefix:n,prefixEscaped:o,suffix:r,suffixEscaped:a,formatSeparator:l,unescapeSuffix:c,unescapePrefix:u,nestingPrefix:h,nestingPrefixEscaped:p,nestingSuffix:g,nestingSuffixEscaped:v,nestingOptionsSeparator:m,maxReplaces:y,alwaysFormat:b}=e.interpolation;this.escape=void 0!==t?t:f,this.escapeValue=void 0===s||s,this.useRawValueToEscape=void 0!==i&&i,this.prefix=n?d(n):o||"{{",this.suffix=r?d(r):a||"}}",this.formatSeparator=l||",",this.unescapePrefix=c?"":u||"-",this.unescapeSuffix=this.unescapePrefix?"":c||"",this.nestingPrefix=h?d(h):p||d("$t("),this.nestingSuffix=g?d(g):v||d(")"),this.nestingOptionsSeparator=m||",",this.maxReplaces=y||1e3,this.alwaysFormat=void 0!==b&&b,this.resetRegExp()}reset(){this.options&&this.init(this.options)}resetRegExp(){const e=(e,t)=>e?.source===t?(e.lastIndex=0,e):new RegExp(t,"g");this.regexp=e(this.regexp,`${this.prefix}(.+?)${this.suffix}`),this.regexpUnescape=e(this.regexpUnescape,`${this.prefix}${this.unescapePrefix}(.+?)${this.unescapeSuffix}${this.suffix}`),this.nestingRegexp=e(this.nestingRegexp,`${this.nestingPrefix}(.+?)${this.nestingSuffix}`)}interpolate(e,t,s,n){let r,a,l;const c=this.options&&this.options.interpolation&&this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables||{},u=e=>{if(e.indexOf(this.formatSeparator)<0){const i=E(t,c,e,this.options.keySeparator,this.options.ignoreJSONStructure);return this.alwaysFormat?this.format(i,void 0,s,{...n,...t,interpolationkey:e}):i}const i=e.split(this.formatSeparator),o=i.shift().trim(),r=i.join(this.formatSeparator).trim();return this.format(E(t,c,o,this.options.keySeparator,this.options.ignoreJSONStructure),r,s,{...n,...t,interpolationkey:o})};this.resetRegExp();const h=n?.missingInterpolationHandler||this.options.missingInterpolationHandler,p=void 0!==n?.interpolation?.skipOnVariables?n.interpolation.skipOnVariables:this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables;return[{regex:this.regexpUnescape,safeValue:e=>A(e)},{regex:this.regexp,safeValue:e=>this.escapeValue?A(this.escape(e)):A(e)}].forEach((t=>{for(l=0;r=t.regex.exec(e);){const s=r[1].trim();if(a=u(s),void 0===a)if("function"==typeof h){const t=h(e,r,n);a=i(t)?t:""}else if(n&&Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,s))a="";else{if(p){a=r[0];continue}this.logger.warn(`missed to pass in variable ${s} for interpolating ${e}`),a=""}else i(a)||this.useRawValueToEscape||(a=o(a));const c=t.safeValue(a);if(e=e.replace(r[0],c),p?(t.regex.lastIndex+=a.length,t.regex.lastIndex-=r[0].length):t.regex.lastIndex=0,l++,l>=this.maxReplaces)break}})),e}nest(e,t){let s,n,r,a=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};const l=(e,t)=>{const s=this.nestingOptionsSeparator;if(e.indexOf(s)<0)return e;const i=e.split(new RegExp(`${s}[ ]*{`));let n=`{${i[1]}`;e=i[0],n=this.interpolate(n,r);const o=n.match(/'/g),a=n.match(/"/g);((o?.length??0)%2==0&&!a||a.length%2!=0)&&(n=n.replace(/'/g,'"'));try{r=JSON.parse(n),t&&(r={...t,...r})}catch(t){return this.logger.warn(`failed parsing options string in nesting for key ${e}`,t),`${e}${s}${n}`}return r.defaultValue&&r.defaultValue.indexOf(this.prefix)>-1&&delete r.defaultValue,e};for(;s=this.nestingRegexp.exec(e);){let c=[];r={...a},r=r.replace&&!i(r.replace)?r.replace:r,r.applyPostProcessor=!1,delete r.defaultValue;let u=!1;if(-1!==s[0].indexOf(this.formatSeparator)&&!/{.*}/.test(s[1])){const e=s[1].split(this.formatSeparator).map((e=>e.trim()));s[1]=e.shift(),c=e,u=!0}if(n=t(l.call(this,s[1].trim(),r),r),n&&s[0]===e&&!i(n))return n;i(n)||(n=o(n)),n||(this.logger.warn(`missed to resolve ${s[1]} for nesting ${e}`),n=""),u&&(n=c.reduce(((e,t)=>this.format(e,t,a.lng,{...a,interpolationkey:s[1].trim()})),n.trim())),e=e.replace(s[0],n),this.regexp.lastIndex=0}return e}}const D=e=>{const t={};return(s,i,n)=>{let o=n;n&&n.interpolationkey&&n.formatParams&&n.formatParams[n.interpolationkey]&&n[n.interpolationkey]&&(o={...o,[n.interpolationkey]:void 0});const r=i+JSON.stringify(o);let a=t[r];return a||(a=e(b(i),n),t[r]=a),a(s)}};class I{constructor(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};this.logger=S.create("formatter"),this.options=e,this.formats={number:D(((e,t)=>{const s=new Intl.NumberFormat(e,{...t});return e=>s.format(e)})),currency:D(((e,t)=>{const s=new Intl.NumberFormat(e,{...t,style:"currency"});return e=>s.format(e)})),datetime:D(((e,t)=>{const s=new Intl.DateTimeFormat(e,{...t});return e=>s.format(e)})),relativetime:D(((e,t)=>{const s=new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat(e,{...t});return e=>s.format(e,t.range||"day")})),list:D(((e,t)=>{const s=new Intl.ListFormat(e,{...t});return e=>s.format(e)}))},this.init(e)}init(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{interpolation:{}};this.formatSeparator=t.interpolation.formatSeparator||","}add(e,t){this.formats[e.toLowerCase().trim()]=t}addCached(e,t){this.formats[e.toLowerCase().trim()]=D(t)}format(e,t,s){let i=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};const n=t.split(this.formatSeparator);if(n.length>1&&n[0].indexOf("(")>1&&n[0].indexOf(")")<0&&n.find((e=>e.indexOf(")")>-1))){const e=n.findIndex((e=>e.indexOf(")")>-1));n[0]=[n[0],...n.splice(1,e)].join(this.formatSeparator)}return n.reduce(((e,t)=>{const{formatName:n,formatOptions:o}=(e=>{let t=e.toLowerCase().trim();const s={};if(e.indexOf("(")>-1){const i=e.split("(");t=i[0].toLowerCase().trim();const n=i[1].substring(0,i[1].length-1);"currency"===t&&n.indexOf(":")<0?s.currency||(s.currency=n.trim()):"relativetime"===t&&n.indexOf(":")<0?s.range||(s.range=n.trim()):n.split(";").forEach((e=>{if(e){const[t,...i]=e.split(":"),n=i.join(":").trim().replace(/^'+|'+$/g,""),o=t.trim();s[o]||(s[o]=n),"false"===n&&(s[o]=!1),"true"===n&&(s[o]=!0),isNaN(n)||(s[o]=parseInt(n,10))}}))}return{formatName:t,formatOptions:s}})(t);if(this.formats[n]){let t=e;try{const r=i?.formatParams?.[i.interpolationkey]||{},a=r.locale||r.lng||i.locale||i.lng||s;t=this.formats[n](e,a,{...o,...i,...r})}catch(e){this.logger.warn(e)}return t}return this.logger.warn(`there was no format function for ${n}`),e}),e)}}class V extends O{constructor(e,t,s){let i=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};super(),this.backend=e,this.store=t,this.services=s,this.languageUtils=s.languageUtils,this.options=i,this.logger=S.create("backendConnector"),this.waitingReads=[],this.maxParallelReads=i.maxParallelReads||10,this.readingCalls=0,this.maxRetries=i.maxRetries>=0?i.maxRetries:5,this.retryTimeout=i.retryTimeout>=1?i.retryTimeout:350,this.state={},this.queue=[],this.backend?.init?.(s,i.backend,i)}queueLoad(e,t,s,i){const n={},o={},r={},a={};return e.forEach((e=>{let i=!0;t.forEach((t=>{const r=`${e}|${t}`;!s.reload&&this.store.hasResourceBundle(e,t)?this.state[r]=2:this.state[r]<0||(1===this.state[r]?void 0===o[r]&&(o[r]=!0):(this.state[r]=1,i=!1,void 0===o[r]&&(o[r]=!0),void 0===n[r]&&(n[r]=!0),void 0===a[t]&&(a[t]=!0)))})),i||(r[e]=!0)})),(Object.keys(n).length||Object.keys(o).length)&&this.queue.push({pending:o,pendingCount:Object.keys(o).length,loaded:{},errors:[],callback:i}),{toLoad:Object.keys(n),pending:Object.keys(o),toLoadLanguages:Object.keys(r),toLoadNamespaces:Object.keys(a)}}loaded(e,t,s){const i=e.split("|"),n=i[0],o=i[1];t&&this.emit("failedLoading",n,o,t),!t&&s&&this.store.addResourceBundle(n,o,s,void 0,void 0,{skipCopy:!0}),this.state[e]=t?-1:2,t&&s&&(this.state[e]=0);const r={};this.queue.forEach((s=>{((e,t,s,i)=>{const{obj:n,k:o}=c(e,t,Object);n[o]=n[o]||[],n[o].push(s)})(s.loaded,[n],o),((e,t)=>{void 0!==e.pending[t]&&(delete e.pending[t],e.pendingCount--)})(s,e),t&&s.errors.push(t),0!==s.pendingCount||s.done||(Object.keys(s.loaded).forEach((e=>{r[e]||(r[e]={});const t=s.loaded[e];t.length&&t.forEach((t=>{void 0===r[e][t]&&(r[e][t]=!0)}))})),s.done=!0,s.errors.length?s.callback(s.errors):s.callback())})),this.emit("loaded",r),this.queue=this.queue.filter((e=>!e.done))}read(e,t,s){let i=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:0,n=arguments.length>4&&void 0!==arguments[4]?arguments[4]:this.retryTimeout,o=arguments.length>5?arguments[5]:void 0;if(!e.length)return o(null,{});if(this.readingCalls>=this.maxParallelReads)return void this.waitingReads.push({lng:e,ns:t,fcName:s,tried:i,wait:n,callback:o});this.readingCalls++;const r=(r,a)=>{if(this.readingCalls--,this.waitingReads.length>0){const e=this.waitingReads.shift();this.read(e.lng,e.ns,e.fcName,e.tried,e.wait,e.callback)}r&&a&&i<this.maxRetries?setTimeout((()=>{this.read.call(this,e,t,s,i+1,2*n,o)}),n):o(r,a)},a=this.backend[s].bind(this.backend);if(2!==a.length)return a(e,t,r);try{const s=a(e,t);s&&"function"==typeof s.then?s.then((e=>r(null,e))).catch(r):r(null,s)}catch(e){r(e)}}prepareLoading(e,t){let s=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{},n=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;if(!this.backend)return this.logger.warn("No backend was added via i18next.use. Will not load resources."),n&&n();i(e)&&(e=this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(e)),i(t)&&(t=[t]);const o=this.queueLoad(e,t,s,n);if(!o.toLoad.length)return o.pending.length||n(),null;o.toLoad.forEach((e=>{this.loadOne(e)}))}load(e,t,s){this.prepareLoading(e,t,{},s)}reload(e,t,s){this.prepareLoading(e,t,{reload:!0},s)}loadOne(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:"";const s=e.split("|"),i=s[0],n=s[1];this.read(i,n,"read",void 0,void 0,((s,o)=>{s&&this.logger.warn(`${t}loading namespace ${n} for language ${i} failed`,s),!s&&o&&this.logger.log(`${t}loaded namespace ${n} for language ${i}`,o),this.loaded(e,s,o)}))}saveMissing(e,t,s,i,n){let o=arguments.length>5&&void 0!==arguments[5]?arguments[5]:{},r=arguments.length>6&&void 0!==arguments[6]?arguments[6]:()=>{};if(!this.services?.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace||this.services?.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace(t)){if(null!=s&&""!==s){if(this.backend?.create){const a={...o,isUpdate:n},l=this.backend.create.bind(this.backend);if(l.length<6)try{let n;n=5===l.length?l(e,t,s,i,a):l(e,t,s,i),n&&"function"==typeof n.then?n.then((e=>r(null,e))).catch(r):r(null,n)}catch(e){r(e)}else l(e,t,s,i,r,a)}e&&e[0]&&this.store.addResource(e[0],t,s,i)}}else this.logger.warn(`did not save key "${s}" as the namespace "${t}" was not yet loaded`,"This means something IS WRONG in your setup. You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!")}}const F=()=>({debug:!1,initAsync:!0,ns:["translation"],defaultNS:["translation"],fallbackLng:["dev"],fallbackNS:!1,supportedLngs:!1,nonExplicitSupportedLngs:!1,load:"all",preload:!1,simplifyPluralSuffix:!0,keySeparator:".",nsSeparator:":",pluralSeparator:"_",contextSeparator:"_",partialBundledLanguages:!1,saveMissing:!1,updateMissing:!1,saveMissingTo:"fallback",saveMissingPlurals:!0,missingKeyHandler:!1,missingInterpolationHandler:!1,postProcess:!1,postProcessPassResolved:!1,returnNull:!1,returnEmptyString:!0,returnObjects:!1,joinArrays:!1,returnedObjectHandler:!1,parseMissingKeyHandler:!1,appendNamespaceToMissingKey:!1,appendNamespaceToCIMode:!1,overloadTranslationOptionHandler:e=>{let t={};if("object"==typeof e[1]&&(t=e[1]),i(e[1])&&(t.defaultValue=e[1]),i(e[2])&&(t.tDescription=e[2]),"object"==typeof e[2]||"object"==typeof e[3]){const s=e[3]||e[2];Object.keys(s).forEach((e=>{t[e]=s[e]}))}return t},interpolation:{escapeValue:!0,format:e=>e,prefix:"{{",suffix:"}}",formatSeparator:",",unescapePrefix:"-",nestingPrefix:"$t(",nestingSuffix:")",nestingOptionsSeparator:",",maxReplaces:1e3,skipOnVariables:!0}}),M=e=>(i(e.ns)&&(e.ns=[e.ns]),i(e.fallbackLng)&&(e.fallbackLng=[e.fallbackLng]),i(e.fallbackNS)&&(e.fallbackNS=[e.fallbackNS]),e.supportedLngs?.indexOf?.("cimode")<0&&(e.supportedLngs=e.supportedLngs.concat(["cimode"])),"boolean"==typeof e.initImmediate&&(e.initAsync=e.initImmediate),e),U=()=>{};class H extends O{constructor(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},t=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0;var s;if(super(),this.options=M(e),this.services={},this.logger=S,this.modules={external:[]},s=this,Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.getPrototypeOf(s)).forEach((e=>{"function"==typeof s[e]&&(s[e]=s[e].bind(s))})),t&&!this.isInitialized&&!e.isClone){if(!this.options.initAsync)return this.init(e,t),this;setTimeout((()=>{this.init(e,t)}),0)}}init(){var e=this;let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},s=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0;this.isInitializing=!0,"function"==typeof t&&(s=t,t={}),!t.defaultNS&&!1!==t.defaultNS&&t.ns&&(i(t.ns)?t.defaultNS=t.ns:t.ns.indexOf("translation")<0&&(t.defaultNS=t.ns[0]));const o=F();this.options={...o,...this.options,...M(t)},this.options.interpolation={...o.interpolation,...this.options.interpolation},void 0!==t.keySeparator&&(this.options.userDefinedKeySeparator=t.keySeparator),void 0!==t.nsSeparator&&(this.options.userDefinedNsSeparator=t.nsSeparator);const r=e=>e?"function"==typeof e?new e:e:null;if(!this.options.isClone){let t;this.modules.logger?S.init(r(this.modules.logger),this.options):S.init(null,this.options),t=this.modules.formatter?this.modules.formatter:I;const s=new j(this.options);this.store=new w(this.options.resources,this.options);const i=this.services;i.logger=S,i.resourceStore=this.store,i.languageUtils=s,i.pluralResolver=new N(s,{prepend:this.options.pluralSeparator,simplifyPluralSuffix:this.options.simplifyPluralSuffix}),!t||this.options.interpolation.format&&this.options.interpolation.format!==o.interpolation.format||(i.formatter=r(t),i.formatter.init(i,this.options),this.options.interpolation.format=i.formatter.format.bind(i.formatter)),i.interpolator=new T(this.options),i.utils={hasLoadedNamespace:this.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(this)},i.backendConnector=new V(r(this.modules.backend),i.resourceStore,i,this.options),i.backendConnector.on("*",(function(t){for(var s=arguments.length,i=new Array(s>1?s-1:0),n=1;n<s;n++)i[n-1]=arguments[n];e.emit(t,...i)})),this.modules.languageDetector&&(i.languageDetector=r(this.modules.languageDetector),i.languageDetector.init&&i.languageDetector.init(i,this.options.detection,this.options)),this.modules.i18nFormat&&(i.i18nFormat=r(this.modules.i18nFormat),i.i18nFormat.init&&i.i18nFormat.init(this)),this.translator=new P(this.services,this.options),this.translator.on("*",(function(t){for(var s=arguments.length,i=new Array(s>1?s-1:0),n=1;n<s;n++)i[n-1]=arguments[n];e.emit(t,...i)})),this.modules.external.forEach((e=>{e.init&&e.init(this)}))}if(this.format=this.options.interpolation.format,s||(s=U),this.options.fallbackLng&&!this.services.languageDetector&&!this.options.lng){const e=this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng);e.length>0&&"dev"!==e[0]&&(this.options.lng=e[0])}this.services.languageDetector||this.options.lng||this.logger.warn("init: no languageDetector is used and no lng is defined");["getResource","hasResourceBundle","getResourceBundle","getDataByLanguage"].forEach((t=>{this[t]=function(){return e.store[t](...arguments)}}));["addResource","addResources","addResourceBundle","removeResourceBundle"].forEach((t=>{this[t]=function(){return e.store[t](...arguments),e}}));const a=n(),l=()=>{const e=(e,t)=>{this.isInitializing=!1,this.isInitialized&&!this.initializedStoreOnce&&this.logger.warn("init: i18next is already initialized. You should call init just once!"),this.isInitialized=!0,this.options.isClone||this.logger.log("initialized",this.options),this.emit("initialized",this.options),a.resolve(t),s(e,t)};if(this.languages&&!this.isInitialized)return e(null,this.t.bind(this));this.changeLanguage(this.options.lng,e)};return this.options.resources||!this.options.initAsync?l():setTimeout(l,0),a}loadResources(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:U;const s=i(e)?e:this.language;if("function"==typeof e&&(t=e),!this.options.resources||this.options.partialBundledLanguages){if("cimode"===s?.toLowerCase()&&(!this.options.preload||0===this.options.preload.length))return t();const e=[],i=t=>{if(!t)return;if("cimode"===t)return;this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(t).forEach((t=>{"cimode"!==t&&e.indexOf(t)<0&&e.push(t)}))};if(s)i(s);else{this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng).forEach((e=>i(e)))}this.options.preload?.forEach?.((e=>i(e))),this.services.backendConnector.load(e,this.options.ns,(e=>{e||this.resolvedLanguage||!this.language||this.setResolvedLanguage(this.language),t(e)}))}else t(null)}reloadResources(e,t,s){const i=n();return"function"==typeof e&&(s=e,e=void 0),"function"==typeof t&&(s=t,t=void 0),e||(e=this.languages),t||(t=this.options.ns),s||(s=U),this.services.backendConnector.reload(e,t,(e=>{i.resolve(),s(e)})),i}use(e){if(!e)throw new Error("You are passing an undefined module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()");if(!e.type)throw new Error("You are passing a wrong module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()");return"backend"===e.type&&(this.modules.backend=e),("logger"===e.type||e.log&&e.warn&&e.error)&&(this.modules.logger=e),"languageDetector"===e.type&&(this.modules.languageDetector=e),"i18nFormat"===e.type&&(this.modules.i18nFormat=e),"postProcessor"===e.type&&L.addPostProcessor(e),"formatter"===e.type&&(this.modules.formatter=e),"3rdParty"===e.type&&this.modules.external.push(e),this}setResolvedLanguage(e){if(e&&this.languages&&!(["cimode","dev"].indexOf(e)>-1))for(let e=0;e<this.languages.length;e++){const t=this.languages[e];if(!(["cimode","dev"].indexOf(t)>-1)&&this.store.hasLanguageSomeTranslations(t)){this.resolvedLanguage=t;break}}}changeLanguage(e,t){var s=this;this.isLanguageChangingTo=e;const o=n();this.emit("languageChanging",e);const r=e=>{this.language=e,this.languages=this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(e),this.resolvedLanguage=void 0,this.setResolvedLanguage(e)},a=(e,i)=>{i?(r(i),this.translator.changeLanguage(i),this.isLanguageChangingTo=void 0,this.emit("languageChanged",i),this.logger.log("languageChanged",i)):this.isLanguageChangingTo=void 0,o.resolve((function(){return s.t(...arguments)})),t&&t(e,(function(){return s.t(...arguments)}))},l=t=>{e||t||!this.services.languageDetector||(t=[]);const s=i(t)?t:this.services.languageUtils.getBestMatchFromCodes(t);s&&(this.language||r(s),this.translator.language||this.translator.changeLanguage(s),this.services.languageDetector?.cacheUserLanguage?.(s)),this.loadResources(s,(e=>{a(e,s)}))};return e||!this.services.languageDetector||this.services.languageDetector.async?!e&&this.services.languageDetector&&this.services.languageDetector.async?0===this.services.languageDetector.detect.length?this.services.languageDetector.detect().then(l):this.services.languageDetector.detect(l):l(e):l(this.services.languageDetector.detect()),o}getFixedT(e,t,s){var n=this;const o=function(e,t){let i;if("object"!=typeof t){for(var r=arguments.length,a=new Array(r>2?r-2:0),l=2;l<r;l++)a[l-2]=arguments[l];i=n.options.overloadTranslationOptionHandler([e,t].concat(a))}else i={...t};i.lng=i.lng||o.lng,i.lngs=i.lngs||o.lngs,i.ns=i.ns||o.ns,""!==i.keyPrefix&&(i.keyPrefix=i.keyPrefix||s||o.keyPrefix);const c=n.options.keySeparator||".";let u;return u=i.keyPrefix&&Array.isArray(e)?e.map((e=>`${i.keyPrefix}${c}${e}`)):i.keyPrefix?`${i.keyPrefix}${c}${e}`:e,n.t(u,i)};return i(e)?o.lng=e:o.lngs=e,o.ns=t,o.keyPrefix=s,o}t(){for(var e=arguments.length,t=new Array(e),s=0;s<e;s++)t[s]=arguments[s];return this.translator?.translate(...t)}exists(){for(var e=arguments.length,t=new Array(e),s=0;s<e;s++)t[s]=arguments[s];return this.translator?.exists(...t)}setDefaultNamespace(e){this.options.defaultNS=e}hasLoadedNamespace(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};if(!this.isInitialized)return this.logger.warn("hasLoadedNamespace: i18next was not initialized",this.languages),!1;if(!this.languages||!this.languages.length)return this.logger.warn("hasLoadedNamespace: i18n.languages were undefined or empty",this.languages),!1;const s=t.lng||this.resolvedLanguage||this.languages[0],i=!!this.options&&this.options.fallbackLng,n=this.languages[this.languages.length-1];if("cimode"===s.toLowerCase())return!0;const o=(e,t)=>{const s=this.services.backendConnector.state[`${e}|${t}`];return-1===s||0===s||2===s};if(t.precheck){const e=t.precheck(this,o);if(void 0!==e)return e}return!!this.hasResourceBundle(s,e)||(!(this.services.backendConnector.backend&&(!this.options.resources||this.options.partialBundledLanguages))||!(!o(s,e)||i&&!o(n,e)))}loadNamespaces(e,t){const s=n();return this.options.ns?(i(e)&&(e=[e]),e.forEach((e=>{this.options.ns.indexOf(e)<0&&this.options.ns.push(e)})),this.loadResources((e=>{s.resolve(),t&&t(e)})),s):(t&&t(),Promise.resolve())}loadLanguages(e,t){const s=n();i(e)&&(e=[e]);const o=this.options.preload||[],r=e.filter((e=>o.indexOf(e)<0&&this.services.languageUtils.isSupportedCode(e)));return r.length?(this.options.preload=o.concat(r),this.loadResources((e=>{s.resolve(),t&&t(e)})),s):(t&&t(),Promise.resolve())}dir(e){if(e||(e=this.resolvedLanguage||(this.languages?.length>0?this.languages[0]:this.language)),!e)return"rtl";const t=this.services?.languageUtils||new j(F());return["ar","shu","sqr","ssh","xaa","yhd","yud","aao","abh","abv","acm","acq","acw","acx","acy","adf","ads","aeb","aec","afb","ajp","apc","apd","arb","arq","ars","ary","arz","auz","avl","ayh","ayl","ayn","ayp","bbz","pga","he","iw","ps","pbt","pbu","pst","prp","prd","ug","ur","ydd","yds","yih","ji","yi","hbo","men","xmn","fa","jpr","peo","pes","prs","dv","sam","ckb"].indexOf(t.getLanguagePartFromCode(e))>-1||e.toLowerCase().indexOf("-arab")>1?"rtl":"ltr"}static createInstance(){return new H(arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0)}cloneInstance(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:U;const s=e.forkResourceStore;s&&delete e.forkResourceStore;const i={...this.options,...e,isClone:!0},n=new H(i);void 0===e.debug&&void 0===e.prefix||(n.logger=n.logger.clone(e));return["store","services","language"].forEach((e=>{n[e]=this[e]})),n.services={...this.services},n.services.utils={hasLoadedNamespace:n.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(n)},s&&(n.store=new w(this.store.data,i),n.services.resourceStore=n.store),n.translator=new P(n.services,i),n.translator.on("*",(function(e){for(var t=arguments.length,s=new Array(t>1?t-1:0),i=1;i<t;i++)s[i-1]=arguments[i];n.emit(e,...s)})),n.init(i,t),n.translator.options=i,n.translator.backendConnector.services.utils={hasLoadedNamespace:n.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(n)},n}toJSON(){return{options:this.options,store:this.store,language:this.language,languages:this.languages,resolvedLanguage:this.resolvedLanguage}}}const 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