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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indonesian brewery</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg/220px-Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg/330px-Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg/440px-Bintang_Beer_by_the_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2035" data-file-height="1657" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bintang_Beer" title="Bintang Beer">Bintang Beer</a> is the largest selling beer of Indonesia.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Nasi_Kuning_dan_Ungkep_Ayam.jpg/390px-Nasi_Kuning_dan_Ungkep_Ayam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Nasi_Kuning_dan_Ungkep_Ayam.jpg/520px-Nasi_Kuning_dan_Ungkep_Ayam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">This article is part of the series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian cuisine</a><br /><small><small><span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Masakan Indonesia</i></span></small></small></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">National dishes</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gado-gado" title="Gado-gado">Gado-gado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasi_goreng" title="Nasi goreng">Nasi goreng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendang" title="Rendang">Rendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satay" title="Satay">Satay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soto_(food)" title="Soto (food)">Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumpeng" title="Tumpeng">Tumpeng</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Regional and cultural cuisines</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_cuisine" title="Acehnese cuisine">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Arab Indonesian cuisine">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cuisine" title="Balinese cuisine">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjarese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Banjarese cuisine">Banjarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_cuisine" title="Batak cuisine">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_cuisine" title="Betawi cuisine">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontalo cuisine">Gorontalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indian Indonesian cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_cuisine" title="Indo cuisine">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cuisine" title="Javanese cuisine">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_cuisine" title="Madurese cuisine">Madurese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassarese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Makassarese cuisine">Makassarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_cuisine" title="Minahasan cuisine">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_cuisine" title="Padang cuisine">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembangese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Palembangese cuisine">Palembangese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakan_cuisine" title="Peranakan cuisine">Peranakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_cuisine" title="Sundanese cuisine">Sundanese</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Ingredients</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bumbu_(seasoning)" title="Bumbu (seasoning)">Bumbu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_condiments" title="List of Indonesian condiments">Condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_sauce" title="Peanut sauce">Peanut sauce</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sambal" title="Sambal">Sambal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">Santan</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Types of food</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><b>Foods</b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_dishes" title="List of Indonesian dishes">Dishes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_noodles" title="Indonesian noodles">Noodles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_soups" title="List of Indonesian soups">Soups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_desserts" title="List of Indonesian desserts">Desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_snacks" title="List of Indonesian snacks">Snacks</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kue" title="Kue">Kue</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krupuk" title="Krupuk">Krupuk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kripik" title="Kripik">Kripik</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><b>Drinks</b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_drinks" title="List of Indonesian drinks">Beverages</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_production_in_Indonesia" title="Coffee production in Indonesia">Coffee</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Preparation and cooking</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><b>Main</b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frying" title="Frying">Frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying">Stir frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grilling" title="Grilling">Grilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_roasting" title="Dry roasting">Dry roasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiling" title="Boiling">Boiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">Steaming</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Other</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepes" title="Pepes">Pepes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindang" title="Pindang">Pindang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendang" title="Rendang">Rendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semur_(Indonesian_stew)" title="Semur (Indonesian stew)">Semur</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Styles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasi_campur" title="Nasi campur">Nasi campur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasi_padang" title="Nasi padang">Nasi padang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijsttafel" title="Rijsttafel">Rijsttafel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumpeng" title="Tumpeng">Tumpeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_food_of_Indonesia" title="Street food of Indonesia">Street food</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Holidays and festivals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kenduri" title="Kenduri">Kenduri</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebaran#Lebaran_feast" title="Lebaran"><i>Lebaran</i> (Eid al-Fitr)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naloni_Mitoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Naloni Mitoni">Naloni Mitoni</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_dishes#Indonesia" title="List of Christmas dishes"><i>Natal</i> (Christmas)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Serak_Gulo" title="Serak Gulo">Serak Gulo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slametan" title="Slametan">Slametan</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">Related cuisines</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_cuisine" title="Bruneian cuisine">Bruneian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of East Timor">East Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_cuisine" title="Filipino cuisine">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cuisine" title="Malaysian cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cuisine" title="Sri Lankan cuisine">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Surinamese cuisine">Surinamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemeni</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding: 0.1em; border-top:red 2px solid;color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine#History" title="Indonesian cuisine">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etiquette_in_Indonesia#Table_manner" title="Etiquette in Indonesia">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Cuisine_of_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Cuisine of Indonesia">Cookbook: Cuisine of Indonesia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Indonesia portal</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuisine_of_Indonesia" title="Template:Cuisine of Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cuisine_of_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Cuisine of Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisine_of_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisine of Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alcohol in Indonesia</b> refers to the <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol industry">alcohol industry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol beverage">alcohol consumption</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_law" title="Alcohol law">laws</a> related to alcohol in the <a href="/wiki/South_East_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="South East Asia">South East Asian</a> country of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. Indonesia is a <a href="/wiki/Muslim_majority_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim majority countries">Muslim majority country</a>, yet it is also a pluralist, democratic and secular nation.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These social and demographic conditions led to <a href="/wiki/Islam_and_alcohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam and alcohol">Islamic</a> parties and pressure groups pushing the government to restrict alcohol consumption and trade, while the government carefully considers the rights of non-Muslims and consenting adults to consume alcohol, and estimates the possible alcohol ban effects on <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Indonesia" title="Tourism in Indonesia">Indonesian tourism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, there are no <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_ban" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol ban">alcohol bans</a> being enforced in Indonesia, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Aceh" title="Aceh">Aceh</a>. Since 2014, anyone found consuming alcohol or breaching the codes on moral conduct, whether residents or visitors to Aceh, could face between six and nine <a href="/wiki/Caning" title="Caning">cane lashes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other parts of Indonesia, to appease the <a href="/wiki/United_Development_Party" title="United Development Party">Islamic parties</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Defenders_Front" title="Islamic Defenders Front">pressure groups</a>, the government agreed to apply mild restriction measures on alcohol, which includes high taxation and limited bans. Indonesia is among the countries that apply high taxes on imported alcoholic beverages; in 2015, import tax on alcohol jumped to 150%.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 2015, the Indonesian government banned the sale of alcohol from <a href="/wiki/Minimarket" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimarket">minimarkets</a> and small shops, with the exception of Bali province, though sale was allowed in <a href="/wiki/Supermarket" title="Supermarket">supermarkets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">restaurants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bar_(establishment)" title="Bar (establishment)">bars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">clubs</a> and hotels.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, in more cosmopolitan Indonesian cities like <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medan" title="Medan">Medan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>, and also in tourism hotspots such as <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Batam" title="Batam">Batam</a>, alcohol beverages are readily available, yet with higher prices, owing to the high tax applied upon alcoholic beverages.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2016, Indonesian Malt Beverage Producers Association (GIMMI) called the House of Representatives to draft for comprehensive regulations on the chain of production and the marketing of alcoholic beverages, instead of total prohibition.<sup id="cite_ref-JP-Alcohol_Industry_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JP-Alcohol_Industry-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_traditions">History and traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arak_Bali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Arak_Bali.jpg/170px-Arak_Bali.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Arak_Bali.jpg/255px-Arak_Bali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Arak_Bali.jpg/340px-Arak_Bali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Fancy bottled <i><a href="/wiki/Arrack" title="Arrack">Arak</a> Bali</i> as souvenir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Since ancient times, local alcoholic beverages were developed by <a href="/wiki/Native_Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Indonesian">natives</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_archipelago" title="Indonesian archipelago">archipelago</a>. Some panels in 9th century <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a> bas-reliefs depicted drink vendors, <i><a href="/wiki/Warung" title="Warung">warung</a></i> (small restaurant), and there is a panel depicting a building with people drinking (possibly alcoholic beverages), dancing and having fun, seeming to depict a tavern or lodging house. According to a Chinese source, <a href="/wiki/Yingya_Shenglan" title="Yingya Shenglan">Yingya Shenglan</a> (c. 15th century) the people of Java in <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> kingdom drank wine made from palm sap called <i><a href="/wiki/Tuak" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuak">tuak</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Palm_wine" title="Palm wine">palm wine</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Chao-Wa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chao-Wa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by the 16th century <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Islam</a> began to supplant Hinduism and Buddhism as the major religion in Indonesia. Since then, as a <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>-majority country, Indonesian Muslims share <a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic dietary laws</a> that prohibit alcoholic beverages. Nevertheless, the local alcohol-drinking culture still survives, at least among less-religious members of society and among the non-Muslim community.<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders2010_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders2010-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain ethno-cultural regions which are predominantly Christian are known for their affinity to alcohol-drinking traditions; such as the <a href="/wiki/Batak_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batak (Indonesia)">Batak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Toraja">Torajan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minahasa_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Minahasa people">Minahasan</a>, Ambonese and <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea" title="Indigenous people of New Guinea">Papuan</a>. </p><p>Indonesia has its own traditional alcoholic beverages prepared by fermenting <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> grain, gluten, <a href="/wiki/Arenga_pinnata" title="Arenga pinnata">sugar palm</a> sap, <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">and coconuts</a>. According to culinary expert <a href="/wiki/William_Wongso" title="William Wongso">William Wongso</a>, the culture of drinking distilled alcohol was never strong in Indonesia, with only a few regions having developed it.<sup id="cite_ref-JP1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JP1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG/170px-Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG/255px-Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG/340px-Ballo%27_alcoholic_drink_made_in_Toraja.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><i>Ballo</i> traditional alcohol beverage from <a href="/wiki/Toraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Toraja">Toraja</a>, South Sulawesi.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Batak_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batak (Indonesia)">Batak</a> community in <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tuak" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuak">tuak</a></i> (palm liquor) is a compulsory drink in the celebrations and became a tradition in the community. Batak tribes are predominantly of <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Christian Protestant</a> faith, yet some of its clans are Muslim. A traditional Batak bar serving <i>tuak</i> is called a <i>lapo tuak</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Tana_Toraja_Regency" title="Tana Toraja Regency">Toraja lands</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a>, their version of <i>tuak</i> — made from fermented <a href="/wiki/Arenga_pinnata" title="Arenga pinnata">sugar palm</a> sap, is called <i>ballo</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Toraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Toraja">Torajan</a> traditional ceremonies, rituals and celebrations, <i>ballo</i> is always served, either as a prerequisite for the ritual; as an offering for ancestral spirits, as well as for drinks for guests. <i>Ballo</i> is also commonly consumed by the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> ethnic group.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Minahasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Minahasa">Minahasa</a> region of <a href="/wiki/North_Sulawesi" title="North Sulawesi">North Sulawesi</a>, an almost identical palm liquor, also made from sugar palm sap, is called <i>saguer</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-KK_Cap_Tikus_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KK_Cap_Tikus-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Nusa_Tenggara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nusa Tenggara">Nusa Tenggara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a> the people also drink palm wine, locally known as <i>sopi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-JP1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JP1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in the <a href="/wiki/Minahasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Minahasa">Minahasa</a> region, the people drink a highly alcoholic drink called <i>cap tikus</i> (lit. "rodent brand"). <i>Cap tikus</i> is made from <a href="/wiki/Distilled" class="mw-redirect" title="Distilled">distilled</a> <i>saguer</i> or <i>sopi</i> (palm wine), which increases its alcohol content. The origin of <i>cap tikus</i> brand is unclear. It is suggested that circa 1820s, prior to the 1830 <a href="/wiki/Java_War" title="Java War">Java War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/KNIL" class="mw-redirect" title="KNIL">KNIL</a> Minahasan legion found and bought distilled <i>saguer</i> or <i>sopi</i> sold in blue bottles embossed with the image of mouse sold by a Chinese merchant in Fort Amsterdam in <a href="/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KK_Cap_Tikus_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KK_Cap_Tikus-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today however, because of poor regulation on alcohol production in this region, this traditional home-made <i>cap tikus</i> industry is considered as an illegal beverage, due to the high prevalence of mortal <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_poisoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol poisoning">alcohol poisoning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg/170px-Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg/255px-Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg/340px-Balinese_brem_Eagle_brand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="1680" /></a><figcaption>Eagle brand Balinese <a href="/wiki/Brem" title="Brem">brem</a> (5% alcohol).</figcaption></figure> <p>Bottled <i><a href="/wiki/Brem" title="Brem">brem bali</a></i> (Balinese rice wine) and <i><a href="/wiki/Arrack" title="Arrack">arrack</a></i> are popular beverages in the Hindu-majority island of <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>. <i>Brem</i> is a brownish colored liquor with 5% alcohol. It is also exported to <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. For <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese people</a> it has a <a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">religious</a> significance too. <i>Brem</i>, <i>arak</i> and <i>tuak</i> are required for <i>tabuhan</i> (offerings) to the gods.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, <i>ciu</i>, a local adaptation of Chinese wine, made from cider molasses of <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a> is well known. It is linked to Solo's history as a sugar plantation and production center in colonial times.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch Colonial state</a> was established in Indonesia in the 1800s. The colonial Dutch brought their European drinking culture to the East Indies, most prominently with <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Heineken" title="Heineken">Heineken</a> beer company established its brewery factory in <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a> in 1929 during the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch colonial rule</a> of Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-HeinekenInternational_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeinekenInternational-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 1960s, Indonesians developed their own local brands of beer, which included <a href="/wiki/Bintang_Beer" title="Bintang Beer">Bintang Beer</a> (nationalized from Heineken) and Anker Beer.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2019, the <a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a> provincial government supported the legal aspect of production and distribution of sopi, a local traditional alcoholic beverage. This policy is very likely to make sopi the first fully supported alcoholic product by the local government in Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulation">Regulation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg/220px-Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg/330px-Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg/440px-Indonesian_police_destroys_illegal_alcohol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3217" /></a><figcaption>Police destroy confiscated illegal alcohol in <a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banten" title="Banten">Banten</a>, 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>A Presidential regulation signed by <a href="/wiki/Susilo_Bambang_Yudhoyono" title="Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono">Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono</a> in 2013 gave legal cover to distribution of alcohol, it classified alcoholic beverages in Indonesia in three categories. Drinks having an alcohol percentage less than 5% (A class), 5%–20% (B class) and more than 20% (C class). It was replacement of the 1997 decree after the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Indonesia" title="Supreme Court of Indonesia">Supreme Court</a> abolished it following appeals from hard-line religious groups like the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Defenders_Front" title="Islamic Defenders Front">Islamic Defenders Front</a>. The 2012 court ruling came after a draft bill proposed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Development_Party_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Development Party (Indonesia)">United Development Party</a> (PPP) to completely ban the sale, production and consumption of alcohol in Indonesia. However, the 2013 presidential regulation was welcomed by travel agencies in the wake of the harmful effects of the proposed draft on tourism.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prices of wine and spirits in Indonesia increased by 140.5% and 154.4% respectively between 2009 and 2014. In 2015 the government further hiked the import tariff on wine and spirits which nearly doubled the price of alcoholic beverages.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industry_and_products">Industry and products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Industry and products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Indonesia" title="Beer in Indonesia">Beer in Indonesia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg/220px-A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg/330px-A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg/440px-A_beer_assortment_in_Bali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A beer assortment in Bali; Carlsberg, Bali Hai, Bintang and Anker.</figcaption></figure> <p>Some foreign companies which sell alcohol in Indonesia are <a href="/wiki/Diageo" title="Diageo">Diageo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pernod_Ricard" title="Pernod Ricard">Pernod Ricard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Remy_Cointreau" class="mw-redirect" title="Remy Cointreau">Remy Cointreau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bacardi" title="Bacardi">Bacardi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters1_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PT Multi Bintang is the largest domestic brewery of Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per market experts, because of various regulations, alcohol sales are declining in Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-euromonitor1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euromonitor1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bintang_Beer" title="Bintang Beer">Bintang Beer</a> of Multi Bintang brewery is the largest selling beer of Indonesia. Multi Bintang is a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Heineken_Asia_Pacific" title="Heineken Asia Pacific">Heineken Asia Pacific</a>. In 2011, Bintang Beer won the Gold Medal for the Lager Beer Category and was awarded 'Champion Beer 2011' at the world's class beer competition, the Brewing Industry International Award (BIIA 2011) in London. In 2014 Bintang Radler was introduced which was the first flavored beer produced domestically in Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-euromonitor1_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euromonitor1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other major beer producers are <a href="/wiki/Delta_Djakarta" title="Delta Djakarta">Delta Djakarta</a> known for its <a href="/wiki/Anker_Beer" title="Anker Beer">Anker Beer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and PT Bali Hai Brewery Indonesia known for its <a href="/wiki/Bali_Hai_Beer" title="Bali Hai Beer">Bali Hai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indonesia also produces other brands, including <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_Beer" title="San Miguel Beer">San Miguel Beer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asahi_beer" class="mw-redirect" title="Asahi beer">Asahi beer</a>, under license. Diageo manufactures <a href="/wiki/Smirnoff" title="Smirnoff">Smirnoff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Captain_Morgan" title="Captain Morgan">Captain Morgan</a> products in Bali, which qualifies both brands for classification as locally produced spirits.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illegal_alcohol">Illegal alcohol</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Illegal alcohol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The high prices of alcohol beverages in Indonesia, caused by high taxation and restrictions, has led to cases of <a href="/wiki/Illegal_alcohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal alcohol">illegal alcohol</a> in the country. As the legal and imported alcoholic beverages become unaffordable, locals turn to illegal bootlegged alcohol for a cheaper drink. These illegal alcoholic drinks are known in <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> as <i>alkohol oplosan</i> (lit. "solved alcohol")<sup id="cite_ref-JP-Alcohol_Industry_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JP-Alcohol_Industry-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and account for over 80% of the alcohol consumed in Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_law" title="Alcohol law">illicitly</a> produced liquors which are traditionally home-made, are considered illegal by Indonesian law, due to the high incidence of deadly <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_poisoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol poisoning">alcohol poisoning</a>. The <i>lapen</i> liquor from <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> for example, is made from <a href="/wiki/Industrial_alcohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial alcohol">industrial alcohol</a> of 85% volume mixed with water with a 1:4 or 5 alcohol to water ratio; then mixed with fruit essence as a flavoring agent.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2010, 16 people died and 5 <i>lapen</i> sellers were arrested in Yogyakarta, due to alcohol poisoning and illicit alcohol production.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2010, three Russian <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi" title="Sukhoi">Sukhoi</a> fighter technicians died in <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a> from methanol poisoning in their drinks.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yogyakarta residents were again affected by badly made alcohol in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other traditionally made alcoholic spirits such as Solo's <i>ciu</i>, Manado's <i>cap tikus</i>, and some Balinese <i>arrack</i> are known as illegal alcohol, also due to the high incidence of alcohol poisoning. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/24px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/33px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="408" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Drink" title="Portal:Drink">Drink portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_drinks" title="List of Indonesian drinks">List of Indonesian drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Australia" title="Alcohol in Australia">Alcohol in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Iran" title="Alcohol in Iran">Alcohol in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Malaysia" title="Alcohol in Malaysia">Alcohol in Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_New_Zealand" title="Alcohol in New Zealand">Alcohol in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_alcohol_consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by alcohol consumption">List of countries by alcohol consumption</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcohol_in_Indonesia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCochrane2009" class="citation news cs1">Cochrane, Joe (7 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Indonesian+bootleg+alcohol+kills+24+in+central+Java&rft.date=2016-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-35519438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlcohol+in+Indonesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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title="Category:Alcohol by country">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Afghanistan" title="Alcohol in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Australia" title="Alcohol in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Bangladesh" title="Alcohol in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Iran" title="Alcohol in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Malaysia" title="Alcohol in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_New_Zealand" title="Alcohol in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Alcohol in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Somalia" title="Alcohol in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Sudan" title="Alcohol in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_consumption_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drinking_culture" title="Drinking culture">Drinking culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drinking_culture_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinking culture in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinking_culture_of_Korea" title="Drinking culture of Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinking_culture_of_the_Philippines" title="Drinking culture of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drinks">Alcoholic drinks</a></th><td 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_consumption_recommendations" title="Alcohol consumption recommendations">Alcohol consumption recommendations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Prohibition" title="Template:Prohibition">Prohibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drunk_driving_law_by_country" title="Drunk driving law by country">Drunk driving law by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alcohol_by_country" title="Category:Alcohol by country">Category:Alcohol by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alcohol_in_Asia406" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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