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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Time_of_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Time_of_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Time of day</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Time_of_day-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Time of day subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Time_of_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ancient</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Modern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dinner_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinner_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Dinner times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinner_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Parties</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parties subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_Roman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Roman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ancient Roman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Roman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Formal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinner</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1_(%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A9)" title="عشاء (وجبة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عشاء (وجبة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C" title="নৈশভোজ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নৈশভোজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%BA%D3%A9_%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Төшкө аш – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Төшкө аш" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamanggi" title="Pamanggi – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pamanggi" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80pat_principal" title="Àpat principal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àpat principal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middag_(m%C3%A5ltid)" title="Middag (måltid) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Middag (måltid)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%80%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Δείπνο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δείπνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cena" title="Cena – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afari" title="Afari – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Afari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AEner" title="Dîner – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dîner" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%B0%AC" title="주찬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="주찬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%A9" title="Ճաշկերույթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճաշկերույթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C" title="रात्रि भोज – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रात्रि भोज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dera" title="Večera – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Večera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makan_malam" title="Makan malam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makan malam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan_wengi" title="Mangan wengi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mangan wengi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಡಿನರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಡಿನರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%AEv" title="Şîv – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şîv" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cena" title="Cena – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cena" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makan_malam" title="Makan malam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Makan malam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makan_malam" title="Makan malam – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Makan malam" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakayakavi" title="Vakayakavi – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakayakavi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF" title="बेलि – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बेलि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%95%E9%A3%9F#ディナー" title="夕食 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="夕食" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middag" title="Middag – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Middag" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middagsmat" title="Middagsmat – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Middagsmat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਡਿਨਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਡਿਨਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obiad" title="Obiad – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Obiad" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jantar" title="Jantar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jantar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Обед – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Обед" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BD%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%BA%D2%AF_%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Күнүскү аһылык – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Күнүскү аһылык" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinner" title="Dinner – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dinner" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casho" title="Casho – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Casho" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8E%D9%88" title="شێو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شێو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dera" title="Večera – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Večera" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4iv%C3%A4llinen" title="Päivällinen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Päivällinen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middag_(m%C3%A5ltid)" title="Middag (måltid) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Middag (måltid)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Кичке аш – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кичке аш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Обід – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Обід" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%AFa_%C4%83n_ch%C3%ADnh" title="Bữa ăn chính – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bữa ăn chính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panihapon" title="Panihapon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panihapon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A4%90" title="大餐 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大餐" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dinners" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Dinner" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q657221" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Largest and most formal meal of the day</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dinner_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dinner (disambiguation)">Dinner (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Dinner time" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dinner_Time_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dinner Time (disambiguation)">Dinner Time</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Diner" title="Diner">Diner</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:200px"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meals</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Still life with fruits, nuts, and large wheels of cheese." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg/250px-Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg/330px-Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg/500px-Floris_Claesz._van_Dyck_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2270" data-file-height="1459" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f4eea1; padding-top: 0"> Meals</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhur" title="Suhur">Suhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">Breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_breakfast" title="Second breakfast">Second breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevenses" title="Elevenses">Elevenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunch" title="Brunch">Brunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">Lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merienda" title="Merienda">Merienda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_meal" title="Combination meal">Combination meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_meal" title="Kids' meal">Kids' meal</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f4eea1; padding-top: 0"> Components and <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Full-course_dinner" title="Full-course dinner">Full-course dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasting_menu" title="Tasting menu">Tasting menu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amuse-bouche" title="Amuse-bouche">Amuse-bouche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre" title="Hors d'oeuvre">Hors d'oeuvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">Entrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_dish" title="Side dish">Side dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremets" class="mw-redirect" title="Entremets">Entremets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">Dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoury_(dish)" title="Savoury (dish)">Savoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_preparation" title="Meal preparation">Meal preparation</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f4eea1; padding-top: 0"> Related concepts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte" title="À la carte">À la carte</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">Banquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">Buffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines" title="List of cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink" title="Drink">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating" title="Eating">Eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grazing_(human_eating_pattern)" title="Grazing (human eating pattern)">Grazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_breakfast" class="mw-redirect" title="History of breakfast">History of breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamayan" title="Kamayan">Kamayan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te" title="Table d'hôte">Table d'hôte</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_manners" title="Table manners">Table manners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_setting" title="Table setting">Table setting</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meals" title="Template:Meals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meals" title="Template talk:Meals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dinner</b> usually refers to what is in many Western cultures the biggest and most formal <a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">meal</a> of the day. Historically, the largest meal used to be eaten around <a href="/wiki/Noon" title="Noon">midday</a>, and called dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-oed_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Especially among the elite, it gradually migrated to later in the day over the 16th to 19th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-mcm_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word has different meanings depending on culture, and may mean a meal of any size eaten at any time of day.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, it is still sometimes used for a meal at noon or in the early afternoon on special occasions, such as a <a href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" title="Christmas dinner">Christmas dinner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mcm_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In hot climates, the main meal is more likely to be eaten in the evening, after the temperature has fallen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word is from the <a href="/wiki/Old_French" title="Old French">Old French</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300</span>) <span title="Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text"><i lang="fro">disner</i></span>, meaning "dine", from the stem of Gallo-Romance <i>desjunare</i> ("to break one's fast"), from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">dis-</i></span> (which indicates the opposite of an action) + Late Latin <i>ieiunare</i> ("to fast"), from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ieiunus</i></span> ("fasting, hungry").<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a> word <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">dejun</i></span> and the French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">déjeuner</i></span> retain this etymology and to some extent the meaning (whereas the Spanish word <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">desayuno</i></span> and Portuguese <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">desjejum</i></span> are related but are exclusively used for breakfast). Eventually, the term shifted to referring to the heavy main meal of the day, even if it had been preceded by a breakfast meal (or even both breakfast and lunch). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Time_of_day">Time of day</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Time of day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient">Ancient</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reflecting the typical custom of the 17th century, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> dined at noon, and had <a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">supper</a> at 10:00 pm.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, dinner began to move later in the day during the 1700s, due to developments in work practices, lighting, financial status, and cultural changes.<sup id="cite_ref-mcm_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fashionable hour for dinner continued to be incrementally postponed during the 18th century, to two and three in the afternoon, and, in 1765, King <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a> dined at 4:00 pm, though his infant sons had theirs with their governess at 2:00 pm, leaving time to visit the queen as she dressed for dinner with the king.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But in France <a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a>, when still <a href="/wiki/Dauphine_of_France" title="Dauphine of France">Dauphine of France</a> in 1770, wrote that when at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Choisy" title="Château de Choisy">Château de Choisy</a> the court still dined at 2:00 pm, with a supper after the theatre at around 10:00 pm, before bed at 1:00 or 1:30 am.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a> an English traveler to <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> remarked upon the "abominable habit of dining as late as seven in the evening".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By about 1850 English middle-class dinners were around 5:00 or 6:00 pm, allowing men to arrive back from work, but there was a continuing pressure for the hour to drift later, led by the elite who did not have to work set hours, and as commutes got longer as cities expanded. In the mid-19th century the issue was something of a social minefield, with a generational element. <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>, once he married in 1848, dined at 6:00 pm, which his parents thought "unhealthy". <a href="/wiki/Mrs_Gaskell" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrs Gaskell">Mrs Gaskell</a> dined between 4:00 and 5:00 pm. The fictional <a href="/wiki/The_Diary_of_a_Nobody" title="The Diary of a Nobody">Mr Pooter</a>, a lower middle-class Londoner in 1888–89 and a diner at 5:00 pm, was invited by his son to dine at 8:00 pm, but "[he] said we did not pretend to be fashionable people, and would like the dinner earlier".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The satirical novel <i>Living for Appearances</i> (1855) by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mayhew" title="Henry Mayhew">Henry Mayhew</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Mayhew" title="Augustus Mayhew">Augustus</a> begins with the views of the hero on the matter. He dines at 7:00 pm, and often complains of "the disgusting and tradesman-like custom of early dining", say at 2:00 pm. The "Royal hour" he regards as 8:00 pm, but he does not aspire to that. He tells people "Tell me when you dine, and I will tell you what you are".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern">Modern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg/220px-Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg/330px-Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg/440px-Filet_de_b%C5%93uf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Filet_mignon" title="Filet mignon">filet mignon</a> dinner with mashed potato, string beans and mushrooms</figcaption></figure> <p>In many modern usages, the term <i>dinner</i> refers to the evening meal, which is now typically the largest meal of the day in most Western cultures. When this meaning is used, the preceding meals are usually referred to as <a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">breakfast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">lunch</a> and perhaps a <a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">tea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mcm_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-perry_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perry-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a> is now often an alternative term for dinner; originally this was always a later secondary evening meal, after an early dinner. </p><p>The divide between different meanings of "dinner" is not cut-and-dried based on either geography or socioeconomic class. The term for the midday meal is most commonly used by working-class people, especially in the English Midlands, North of England and the central belt of Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-perry_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perry-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even in systems in which dinner is the meal usually eaten at the end of the day, an individual dinner may still refer to a main or more sophisticated meal at any time in the day, such as a <a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">banquet</a>, feast, or a special meal eaten on a Sunday or holiday, such as <a href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" title="Christmas dinner">Christmas dinner</a> or <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving" title="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</a> dinner. At such a dinner, the people who dine together may be formally dressed and consume food with an array of <a href="/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils" title="List of eating utensils">utensils</a>. These dinners are often divided into three or more courses. <a href="/wiki/Appetizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Appetizer">Appetizers</a> consisting of options such as soup or salad, precede the <a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">main course</a>, which is followed by the <a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">dessert</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dinner_times">Dinner times</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dinner times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:7-10_p.m._Tip_Estes_and_family_eating_dinner._The_day%27s_work_has_been_finished._Tip_Estes_has_washed_up_and_dinner_is_served._-_DPLA_-_48e35acfdd18d78294b55c50a2490c67_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/7-10_p.m._Tip_Estes_and_family_eating_dinner._The_day%27s_work_has_been_finished._Tip_Estes_has_washed_up_and_dinner_is_served._-_DPLA_-_48e35acfdd18d78294b55c50a2490c67_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/7-10_p.m._Tip_Estes_and_family_eating_dinner._The_day%27s_work_has_been_finished._Tip_Estes_has_washed_up_and_dinner_is_served._-_DPLA_-_48e35acfdd18d78294b55c50a2490c67_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/7-10_p.m._Tip_Estes_and_family_eating_dinner._The_day%27s_work_has_been_finished._Tip_Estes_has_washed_up_and_dinner_is_served._-_DPLA_-_48e35acfdd18d78294b55c50a2490c67_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>A family at dinner (March 1937)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="United_States">United States</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dinner time in the United States peaks at 6:19 p.m., according to an <a href="/wiki/American_Time_Use_Survey" title="American Time Use Survey">American Time Use Survey</a> analysis, with most households eating dinner between 5:07 p.m. and 8:19 p.m. According to the data from 2018 to 2022, the states that ate the earliest were Pennsylvania (5:37 p.m. peak) and Maine (5:40 p.m. peak), while the states that ate the latest were Texas and Mississippi (both a 7:02 p.m. peak) and Washington, D.C., which ate at 7:10 p.m. peak.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A survey by <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Wines#Jacob.27s_Creek" title="Orlando Wines">Jacob's Creek</a>, an Australian winemaker, found the average evening meal time in the U.K. to be 7:47pm.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parties">Parties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Party#Dinner_party" title="Party">Party § Dinner party</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Dining_in" title="Dining in">dining in</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._(3193552997).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg/250px-Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg/330px-Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg/500px-Oxford_College_women_in_formal_dress_at_dinner_n.d._%283193552997%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2996" data-file-height="2412" /></a><figcaption>Women in formal dress at dinner at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Female_Institute" title="Oxford Female Institute">Oxford Female Institute</a>, Ohio, United States, date unknown</figcaption></figure> <p>A dinner party is a social gathering at which people congregate to eat dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-perry_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perry-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dinners exist on a spectrum, from a basic meal to a <a href="/wiki/State_dinner" class="mw-redirect" title="State dinner">state dinner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Roman">Ancient Roman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ancient Roman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the times of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>, a dinner party was referred to as a <i>convivium</i>, and was a significant event for <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman emperors">Roman emperors</a> and senators to congregate and discuss their relations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEdwards2007161–162_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdwards2007161–162-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English">English</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In London (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1875</span>–<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900</span>), dinner parties were formal occasions that included printed invitations and formal <a href="/wiki/RSVP_(invitations)" class="mw-redirect" title="RSVP (invitations)">RSVPs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The food served at these parties ranged from large, extravagant food displays and several meal <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a> to more simple fare and food service.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Activities sometimes included singing and poetry reciting, among others.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formal">Formal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Formal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The general guidelines of a formal dinner include the following: </p> <ol><li>It requires that the participants dress in semi-formal (black-tie) or formal (white tie) <a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">evening attire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Most commonly, guests will be expected to dress in <a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">semi-formal/black-tie attire</a>. The men wear tuxedos and women wear <a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">cocktail dresses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">evening gowns</a>, and/or <a href="/wiki/Le_Smoking" title="Le Smoking">le smoking (the women's tuxedo)</a>.</li> <li>The most formal of dinner events will require guests to dress in <a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">formal/white-tie attire</a>. The men wear a full evening-dress ensemble (white-tie and tailcoat), and women wear evening gowns and/or <a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">ball gowns</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>A commitment to a style of formal dinner service.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Service rendered in the Russian style, or <a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe" title="Service à la russe">service à la russe</a>. A manner of dining where each course is brought to the table sequentially, and the food portioned on individual plates by the waiter. The Russian style of service is usually perceived to be a more formal method.</li> <li>Service rendered in the French style, or <a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Service à la française">service à la française</a>. Traditionally, it can be defined as a manner of service that is rendered via serving various dishes of the meal, all at the same time in an impressive display, and the guests serve themselves from the serving dishes – similar to that of a <a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">buffet</a>. However, French style service can be rendered in a variety of methods/sub-styles. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gueridon_service" title="Gueridon service">Guéridon service</a>, also known as "tableside service" or "from the cart," is a relative blend of the French and Russian styles, where every dish is portioned by a waiter at the tableside. It involves the cooking or finishing of foods by a waiter (or maître d'hôtel/captain) at the diner's table, typically from a special serving cart called a guéridon trolley. Gueridon service offers a higher style of service to the guest.</li> <li>Other styles include banquet, buffet, and assisted buffet.</li></ul></li> <li>Service rendered in the English style, or service à l’anglaise, is usually viewed as a slightly trimmed down version of Russian style service, but has a strong emphasis on the professionalism of the servicing personnel. The English style of service is also known as "butler service."</li></ul></li> <li>An appropriately formal setting/dining room.</li> <li>There are <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">multiple courses</a> served.</li> <li>There is a <a href="/wiki/Seating_plan" title="Seating plan">seating protocol</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Casual dinner in western restaurant"><img alt="Casual dinner in western restaurant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg/120px-Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg/180px-Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg/240px-Breast_of_chicken_dinner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3721" data-file-height="2866" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Casual dinner in western restaurant </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Our_(Almost_Traditional)_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thanksgiving dinner"><img alt="Thanksgiving dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg/120px-Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg/180px-Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg/240px-Our_%28Almost_Traditional%29_Thanksgiving_Dinner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="1496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_dinner" title="Thanksgiving dinner">Thanksgiving dinner</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christmas_table_(Serbian_cuisine).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christmas dinner"><img alt="Christmas dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg/120px-Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg/180px-Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg/240px-Christmas_table_%28Serbian_cuisine%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" title="Christmas dinner">Christmas dinner</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USDA_dinner_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A formal American dinner setting"><img alt="A formal American dinner setting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/USDA_dinner_cropped.jpg/120px-USDA_dinner_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/USDA_dinner_cropped.jpg/250px-USDA_dinner_cropped.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1786" data-file-height="1786" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A formal American dinner setting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thai_Airways_airline_meal-dinner.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="An airline dinner meal"><img alt="An airline dinner meal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Thai_Airways_airline_meal-dinner.JPG/120px-Thai_Airways_airline_meal-dinner.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Thai_Airways_airline_meal-dinner.JPG/250px-Thai_Airways_airline_meal-dinner.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An airline dinner meal</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_food.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese dinner"><img alt="Japanese dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Asian_food.jpg/120px-Asian_food.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Asian_food.jpg/250px-Asian_food.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Japanese dinner </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dinner nouvelle cuisine"><img alt="Dinner nouvelle cuisine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg/120px-Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg/250px-Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dinner <a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine">nouvelle cuisine</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cassoulet for German dinner"><img alt="Cassoulet for German dinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg/120px-Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg/180px-Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg/240px-Cassoulet_mit_Gans_und_Bohnen_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2843" data-file-height="2717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cassoulet" title="Cassoulet">Cassoulet</a> for German dinner</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beef steak at a steakhouse"><img alt="Beef steak at a steakhouse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg/120px-Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg/180px-Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg/240px-Tradicinis_didkepsnis_restorane_STEAKHOUSE_HAZIENDA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Beef_steak" class="mw-redirect" title="Beef steak">Beef steak</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Steakhouse" title="Steakhouse">steakhouse</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-129_ISS-21_Crew_at_the_Galley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A dinner in space aboard the ISS during STS-129"><img alt="A dinner in space aboard the ISS during STS-129" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/STS-129_ISS-21_Crew_at_the_Galley.jpg/120px-STS-129_ISS-21_Crew_at_the_Galley.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/STS-129_ISS-21_Crew_at_the_Galley.jpg/250px-STS-129_ISS-21_Crew_at_the_Galley.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A dinner in space aboard the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">ISS</a> during <a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 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hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-dinner" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=dinner">"dinner"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=dinner&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Ddinner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcm-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mcm_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcm_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcm_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcm_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcMillan_S2001" class="citation web cs1">McMillan S (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171208184059/http://www.history-magazine.com/dinner2.html">"What Time is Dinner?"</a>. History Magazine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history-magazine.com/dinner2.html">the original</a> on 8 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Time+is+Dinner%3F&rft.pub=History+Magazine&rft.date=2001&rft.au=McMillan+S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history-magazine.com%2Fdinner2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOlver" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Olver" title="Lynne Olver">Olver, Lynne</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq7.html#mealtimes">"Meal times"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Food_Timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="The Food Timeline">The Food Timeline</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Food+Timeline&rft.atitle=Meal+times&rft.aulast=Olver&rft.aufirst=Lynne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foodtimeline.org%2Ffoodfaq7.html%23mealtimes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=dinner">Etymology of "dinner"</a> from Online Dictionary. Accessed November 11, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=dine">Etymology of "dine"</a> from Online Dictionary. Accessed November 11, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Strong, 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Text adapted from <i>The Conversation Piece: Scenes of fashionable life</i>, London, 2009", at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/search#/1/collection/400146/queen-charlotte-1744-1818-with-her-two-eldest-sons">"Johan Joseph Zoffany (Frankfurt 1733-London 1810), Queen Charlotte (1744–1818) with her Two Eldest Sons c.1765"</a> on the Royal Collection website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A7E-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA110">quoted in</a> <i>The Origins of Contemporary France: The ancient régime</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Taine" title="Hippolyte Taine">Hippolyte Taine</a>, Bk2, ch.1, p. 110 in this edition</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quote in Ian Kelly, <i>Cooking for Kings: the life of Antonin Carême the first celebrity chef</i>, 2003:78. For guests of <a href="/wiki/Talleyrand" class="mw-redirect" title="Talleyrand">Talleyrand</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Valen%C3%A7ay" title="Château de Valençay">Château de Valençay</a>, dinner under <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Car%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonin Carême">Carême</a> was even later.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Flanders, 229–230</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aq4BAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1"><i>Living for Appearances</i></a> (1855), p. 1, by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mayhew" title="Henry Mayhew">Henry Mayhew</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Mayhew" title="Augustus Mayhew">Augustus</a>; Flanders, 230</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-perry-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-perry_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perry_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perry_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/aug/03/tea-with-grayson-perry-supper-dinner">"Tea with Grayson Perry. Or is it dinner, or supper?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Tea+with+Grayson+Perry.+Or+is+it+dinner%2C+or+supper%3F&rft.date=2012-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2012%2Faug%2F03%2Ftea-with-grayson-perry-supper-dinner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYau2023" class="citation news cs1">Yau, Nathan (2023-07-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flowingdata.com/2023/07/25/when-is-dinner-by-state/">"When is Dinner, By State"</a>. <i>FlowingData</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FlowingData&rft.atitle=When+is+Dinner%2C+By+State&rft.date=2023-07-24&rft.aulast=Yau&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fflowingdata.com%2F2023%2F07%2F25%2Fwhen-is-dinner-by-state%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/average-dinner-time-is-now-747pm-as-work-hours-eat-into-our-meal-times-6648248.html">"Average dinner time is now 7:47 pm as work hours eat into our meal times"</a>. <i>Evening Standard</i>. 3 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Average+dinner+time+is+now+7%3A47+pm+as+work+hours+eat+into+our+meal+times&rft.date=2007-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Faverage-dinner-time-is-now-747pm-as-work-hours-eat-into-our-meal-times-6648248.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gazette-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSennett2013" class="citation web cs1">Sennett, Jay (2013-09-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/dinner-etiquette-formal-dining/">"Rules of Civility: Dinner Etiquette – Formal Dining"</a>. <i>Gentleman's Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gentleman%27s+Gazette&rft.atitle=Rules+of+Civility%3A+Dinner+Etiquette+%E2%80%93+Formal+Dining&rft.date=2013-09-23&rft.aulast=Sennett&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gentlemansgazette.com%2Fdinner-etiquette-formal-dining%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdwards2007161–162-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEdwards2007161–162_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEdwards2007">Edwards 2007</a>, pp. 161–162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDraznin2001134–136_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDraznin2001">Draznin 2001</a>, pp. 134–136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715123048/http://www.propos-de-chef.com/conseil-maitre-hotel/differents-types-de-service-au-restaurant/">"Les différents types de service au restaurant | Propos de Chef"</a>. 2011-07-15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.propos-de-chef.com/conseil-maitre-hotel/differents-types-de-service-au-restaurant/">the original</a> on 2011-07-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Les+diff%C3%A9rents+types+de+service+au+restaurant+%7C+Propos+de+Chef&rft.date=2011-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.propos-de-chef.com%2Fconseil-maitre-hotel%2Fdifferents-types-de-service-au-restaurant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721172956/http://www.butlersguild.com/index.php?subject=45">"Table Settings"</a>. 2011-07-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.butlersguild.com/index.php?subject=45">the original</a> on 2011-07-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+Settings&rft.date=2011-07-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.butlersguild.com%2Findex.php%3Fsubject%3D45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.planete-cuisine.com/46/encyclopedie-le-service-a-l-anglaise">"Le Service à l'anglaise"</a>. <i>www.planete-cuisine.com</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.planete-cuisine.com&rft.atitle=Le+Service+%C3%A0+l%27anglaise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.planete-cuisine.com%2F46%2Fencyclopedie-le-service-a-l-anglaise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDraznin2001" class="citation book cs1">Draznin, Y. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EdgMLML7DZUC&pg=PA134"><i>Victorian London's Middle-class Housewife: What She Did All Day</i></a>. ABC-Clio ebook. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31399-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31399-8"><bdi>978-0-313-31399-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Victorian+London%27s+Middle-class+Housewife%3A+What+She+Did+All+Day&rft.series=ABC-Clio+ebook&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-313-31399-8&rft.aulast=Draznin&rft.aufirst=Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEdgMLML7DZUC%26pg%3DPA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2007" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, C. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ioq6GmIyLQIC&pg=PA161"><i>Death in Ancient Rome</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-11208-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-11208-5"><bdi>978-0-300-11208-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death+in+Ancient+Rome&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-300-11208-5&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIoq6GmIyLQIC%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Flanders" title="Judith Flanders">Flanders, Judith</a>, <i>The Victorian House: Domestic Life from Childbirth to Deathbed</i>, 2003, Harper Perennial, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0007131895" title="Special:BookSources/0007131895">0007131895</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcMillan2001" class="citation web cs1">McMillan, Sherrie (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171208184059/http://www.history-magazine.com/dinner2.html">"What time is dinner?"</a>. <i>History Magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history-magazine.com/dinner2.html">the original</a> on 8 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+Magazine&rft.atitle=What+time+is+dinner%3F&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=McMillan&rft.aufirst=Sherrie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history-magazine.com%2Fdinner2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Strong" title="Roy Strong">Strong, Roy</a>, <i>Feast: A History of Grand Eating</i>, 2002, Jonathan Cape, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0224061380" title="Special:BookSources/0224061380">0224061380</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNunn1872" class="citation book cs1">Nunn, J.J. (1872). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mrsmontaguejone00nunngoog"><i>Mrs. Montague Jones' dinner party: or, Reminiscences of Cheltenham life and manners</i></a>. J.C. Hotten.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mrs.+Montague+Jones%27+dinner+party%3A+or%2C+Reminiscences+of+Cheltenham+life+and+manners&rft.pub=J.C.+Hotten&rft.date=1872&rft.aulast=Nunn&rft.aufirst=J.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmrsmontaguejone00nunngoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFInness2001" class="citation book cs1">Inness, S.A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nzN3bRRIH-gC"><i>Dinner Roles: American Women and Culinary Culture</i></a>. NONE Series. University of Iowa Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-332-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-332-0"><bdi>978-1-58729-332-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dinner+Roles%3A+American+Women+and+Culinary+Culture&rft.series=NONE+Series&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-58729-332-0&rft.aulast=Inness&rft.aufirst=S.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnzN3bRRIH-gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeiselman2009" class="citation book cs1">Meiselman, H.L. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r8ekAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA97"><i>Meals in Science and Practice: Interdisciplinary Research and Business Applications</i></a>. Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Elsevier Science. pp. <span class="nowrap">97–</span>98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84569-571-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84569-571-2"><bdi>978-1-84569-571-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Meals+in+Science+and+Practice%3A+Interdisciplinary+Research+and+Business+Applications&rft.series=Woodhead+Publishing+Series+in+Food+Science%2C+Technology+and+Nutrition&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E97-%3C%2Fspan%3E98&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84569-571-2&rft.aulast=Meiselman&rft.aufirst=H.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr8ekAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADinner" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinner&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/120px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/dinner" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/dinner">dinner</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dinner" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Dinner">Dinner</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dinners" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dinners">Dinners</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=21847&dict=CALD">"Dinner" definition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081222113011/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=21847&dict=CALD">Archived</a> 2008-12-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge.org</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook">Wikibooks Cookbook</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-20243692">BBC article on history of dinner</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Meals471" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meals_navbox" title="Template talk:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Meals471" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common meals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhur" title="Suhur">Suhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">Breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_breakfast" title="Second breakfast">Second breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevenses" title="Elevenses">Elevenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(work)" title="Break (work)">Coffee break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunch" title="Brunch">Brunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">Lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merienda" title="Merienda">Merienda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components<br />and <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ritif_and_digestif" title="Apéritif and digestif">Apéritif and digestif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre" title="Hors d'oeuvre">Hors d'oeuvre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amuse-bouche" title="Amuse-bouche">Amuse-bouche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">Entrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_dish" title="Side dish">Side dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremets" class="mw-redirect" title="Entremets">Entremets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">Dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoury_(dish)" title="Savoury (dish)">Savoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_replacement" title="Meal replacement">Meal replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foodservice#Table_service" title="Foodservice">Table service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">Buffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi" title="Conveyor belt sushi">Conveyor belt sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_(food)" title="Dish (food)">Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_food" title="Finger food">Finger food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-course_dinner" title="Full-course dinner">Full-course dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platter_(dinner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platter (dinner)">Platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod%C3%ADzio" title="Rodízio">Rodízio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Service à la française">Service à la française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe" title="Service à la russe">Service à la russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_service" title="Silver service">Silver service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_plates" title="Small plates">Small plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_reservation" title="Table reservation">Table reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_fresco_dining" class="mw-redirect" title="Al fresco dining">Al fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils" title="List of eating utensils">Eating utensils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_presentation" title="Food presentation">Food presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnish_(cooking)" title="Garnish (cooking)">Garnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyotaimori" title="Nyotaimori">Nyotaimori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e" title="Pièce montée">Pièce montée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serving_size" title="Serving size">Serving size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_setting" title="Table setting">Table setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablecloth" title="Tablecloth">Tablecloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableware" title="Tableware">Tableware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dining</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_manners" title="Table manners">Table manners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette" title="Eating utensil etiquette">Eating utensil etiquette</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(honor)" title="Toast (honor)">Toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_staff" title="Waiting staff">Waiting staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anju_(food)" title="Anju (food)">Anju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipasto" title="Antipasto">Antipasto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicchetti" title="Cicchetti">Cicchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">Banchan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_table_d%27h%C3%B4te" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean table d'hôte">Korean table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeja_paisa" title="Bandeja paisa">Bandeja paisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastarkh%C4%81n" title="Dastarkhān">Dastarkhān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">Yum cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fika_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fika (Sweden)">Fika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izakaya" title="Izakaya">Izakaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sakana" title="Sakana">Sakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_and_three" title="Meat and three">Meat and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazuya" title="Okazuya">Okazuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_lunch" title="Plate lunch">Plate lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu_pu_platter" title="Pu pu platter">Pu pu platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_and_three" title="Rice and three">Rice and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijsttafel" title="Rijsttafel">Rijsttafel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhya">Sadhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas" title="Tapas">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakuski" title="Zakuski">Zakuski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline_meal" title="Airline meal">Airline meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convenience_food" title="Convenience food">Convenience food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosirak" title="Dosirak">Dosirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_rations" title="Emergency rations">Emergency rations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_meal" title="Frozen meal">Frozen meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_breakfast" title="Instant breakfast">Instant breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninja_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninja diet">Ninja diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packed_lunch" title="Packed lunch">Packed lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_food" title="Space food">Space food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-out" title="Take-out">Take-out</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menu" title="Menu">Menus</a> and<br />meal deals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte" title="À la carte">À la carte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-plate_special" title="Blue-plate special">Blue-plate special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_meal" title="Combination meal">Combination meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_lunch" title="Free lunch">Free lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_refill" title="Free refill">Free refill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_hour" title="Happy hour">Happy hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_meal" title="Kids' meal">Kids' meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_meal" title="School meal">School meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspended_meal" title="Suspended meal">Suspended meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te" title="Table d'hôte">Table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasting_menu" title="Tasting menu">Tasting menu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Degustation" title="Degustation">Degustation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value_menu" title="Value menu">Value menu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communal_meal" title="Communal meal">Communal meals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">Banquet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_banquet" title="State banquet">State banquet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">Commercium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_in" title="Dining in">Dining in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic" title="Picnic">Picnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potluck" title="Potluck">Potluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seder" class="mw-redirect" title="Seder">Seder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sittning" title="Sittning">Sittning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supra_(feast)" title="Supra (feast)">Supra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableround" class="mw-redirect" title="Tableround">Tableround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_party" title="Tea party">Tea party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">Food delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_food_ordering" title="Online food ordering">Online food ordering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_restaurant" title="Virtual restaurant">Virtual restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places to eat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_truck" title="Food truck">Food truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen" 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>45 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-7564fd4959-gtq8b","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.557","walltime":"0.815","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2918,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":73753,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2397,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":99263,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 713.262 1 -total"," 15.27% 108.924 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.74% 105.158 3 Template:Sister_project"," 14.54% 103.737 3 Template:Side_box"," 12.71% 90.647 1 Template:Short_description"," 12.26% 87.418 1 Template:Commons_category"," 11.54% 82.323 7 Template:Lang"," 9.66% 68.884 1 Template:Meals"," 9.47% 67.565 1 Template:Sidebar"," 9.32% 66.479 1 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