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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Founding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nineteenth_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nineteenth_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Nineteenth century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nineteenth_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seals,_mottos,_and_nickname" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seals,_mottos,_and_nickname"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Seals, mottos, and nickname</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seals,_mottos,_and_nickname-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_of_the_curriculum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_of_the_curriculum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Development of the curriculum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_of_the_curriculum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Campus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organization and administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization and administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Board_of_trustees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Board_of_trustees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Board of trustees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Board_of_trustees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Student_Forum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Student_Forum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>The Student Forum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Student_Forum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memberships_and_affiliations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memberships_and_affiliations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Memberships and affiliations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memberships_and_affiliations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Student media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Admissions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Undergraduate_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undergraduate_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Undergraduate research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undergraduate_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Study_abroad_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Study_abroad_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Study abroad programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Study_abroad_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Schaffer_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schaffer_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Schaffer Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schaffer_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Student life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Student life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fraternity_and_sorority_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fraternity_and_sorority_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fraternity and sorority life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fraternity_and_sorority_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minerva_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minerva_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Minerva system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minerva_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arts and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mandeville_Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mandeville_Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Mandeville Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mandeville_Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yulman_Theater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yulman_Theater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Yulman Theater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yulman_Theater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Athletics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="كلية الاتحاد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلية الاتحاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="یونین کالجی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یونین کالجی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کالج یونین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالج یونین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="كليه الاتحاد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كليه الاتحاد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6_(%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E5%B7%9E)" title="ユニオン大学 (ニューヨーク州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユニオン大学 (ニューヨーク州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Юнион-колледж – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Юнион-колледж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Union College" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Юніон-коледж – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Юніон-коледж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC" title="یونین کالج – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یونین کالج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1567748#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.81722°N 73.93000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.81722; -73.93000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Private college in Schenectady, New York</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Union College</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:UnionCollegeSeal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/UnionCollegeSeal.svg/220px-UnionCollegeSeal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/UnionCollegeSeal.svg/330px-UnionCollegeSeal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/UnionCollegeSeal.svg/440px-UnionCollegeSeal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Sous les lois de Minerve nous devenons tous frères et soeurs</i></span> (French)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Under the laws of <a href="/wiki/Minerva" title="Minerva">Minerva</a>, we all become brothers and sisters</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_colleges_in_the_United_States" title="Liberal arts colleges in the United States">liberal arts college</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">February 25, 1795<span class="noprint">; 229 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1795-02-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Independent_Colleges_and_Universities" title="National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities">NAICU</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Group" title="Annapolis Group">Annapolis Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Oberlin Group">Oberlin Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Consortium_of_Liberal_Arts_Colleges" title="Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges">CLAC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Union_University_(New_York)" title="Union University (New York)">Union University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Space_Grant_College_and_Fellowship_Program" title="National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program">Space-grant</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$498 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-NACUBO_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NACUBO-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_R._Harris_(educator)" class="mw-redirect" title="David R. Harris (educator)">David R. Harris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">211<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,200<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady, New York</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">U.S.</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Union_College&params=42_49_02_N_73_55_48_W_region:US-NY_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°49′02″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°55′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.81722°N 73.93000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.81722; -73.93000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Urban: 120 acres (49 ha), including 8 acres (3.2 ha) of formal gardens</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#822433; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Union garnet<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Garnet Chargers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Div I</a> – <a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">Div III</a> – <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/">www<wbr />.union<wbr />.edu</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_College_wordmark.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Union_College_wordmark.png/220px-Union_College_wordmark.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Union_College_wordmark.png/330px-Union_College_wordmark.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Union_College_wordmark.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Union College</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_college" title="Liberal arts college">liberal arts college</a> in <a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady, New York</a>, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Board_of_Regents" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Board of Regents">New York State Board of Regents</a>, and second in the state of New York, after <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia College</a>. In the 19th century, it became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Mother_of_Fraternities" title="Mother of Fraternities">Mother of Fraternities</a>", as <a href="/wiki/Union_Triad" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Triad">three</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities_in_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraternities and sororities in North America">the earliest Greek letter societies</a> were established there.<sup id="cite_ref-somers304_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers304-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> curriculum across 21 academic departments, as well as opportunities for interdepartmental <a href="/wiki/Academic_major" title="Academic major">majors</a> and self-designed organizing theme majors. The school offers <a href="/wiki/ABET" title="ABET">ABET-accredited</a> undergraduate degrees in <a href="/wiki/Computer_engineering" title="Computer engineering">computer engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bioengineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioengineering">bioengineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">electrical engineering</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">mechanical engineering</a>. About 60% of Union students engage in some form of international study or <a href="/wiki/Study_abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Study abroad">study abroad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style></p><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union1795nocap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Union1795nocap.jpg/220px-Union1795nocap.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Union1795nocap.jpg/330px-Union1795nocap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Union1795nocap.jpg/440px-Union1795nocap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1538" data-file-height="1384" /></a><figcaption>The Schenectady Academy (Old Union College), 1795</figcaption></figure> <p>Chartered in 1795,<sup id="cite_ref-fortenbaugh3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortenbaugh3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Union was the first <a href="/wiki/Non-denominational" title="Non-denominational">non-denominational</a> institution of <a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">higher education</a> in the United States, and the second college established in the <a href="/wiki/State_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="State of New York">State of New York</a>. </p><p>From 1636 to 1769, only nine institutions of higher education were founded permanently in <a href="/wiki/Colonial_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial America">Colonial America</a>.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_anone"><a href="#endnote_anone">[a]</a></sup> Most had been founded in association with British religious denominations devoted to the perpetuation of their respective Christian denominations.<sup id="cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Union College was to be founded with a broader ecumenical basis. </p><p>Only <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, founded in 1754 as King's College,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had preceded Union in New York. Twenty-five years later impetus for another institution grew.<sup id="cite_ref-fox10_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fox10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As democratic cultural changes rose and began to become dominant,<sup id="cite_ref-rudoloph34_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rudoloph34-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> old ways, in particular the old purposes and structure of higher education, began to be challenged.<sup id="cite_ref-boorstin153_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boorstin153-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Schenectady" class="mw-redirect" title="Schenectady">Schenectady</a> had been founded and populated by people originating from the Netherlands. With about 4,000 residents,<sup id="cite_ref-Somers_2003,_p._296_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Somers_2003,_p._296-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was the third largest city in the state, after <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>. The local <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Reformed_Church" title="Dutch Reformed Church">Dutch Reformed Church</a> began to show an interest in establishing an academy or college under its auspices there. In 1778, it invited the Rev. Dirck Romeyn of <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> to visit.<sup id="cite_ref-pearson119_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pearson119-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Returning home, he authored a plan in 1782 for such an institution and was summoned two years later<sup id="cite_ref-fortenbaugh36_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortenbaugh36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to come help found it. </p><p>The Schenectady Academy was established in 1785 as the city's first organized school.<sup id="cite_ref-Neisular20_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neisular20-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It immediately flourished, reaching an enrollment of about 100 within a year. By at least 1792 it offered a full four-year college course, as well as one of elementary and practical subjects taught mainly to girls.<sup id="cite_ref-somers629_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers629-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attempts to charter the academy as a college with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_State_of_New_York" title="University of the State of New York">Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York</a> were initially rejected,<sup id="cite_ref-Somers_2003,_p._296_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Somers_2003,_p._296-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in 1794 the school reapplied as "Union College", a name chosen to reflect the resolution of its founders that the school should be free of any specific religious affiliation.<sup id="cite_ref-raymond1:34_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raymond1:34-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resulting institution was awarded its charter on February 25, 1795 – still celebrated by the college as "Founders' Day".<sup id="cite_ref-yates423_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yates423-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nineteenth_century">Nineteenth century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Nineteenth century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1836, the year of its founding, the Union College Anti-Slavery Society claimed 51 members. It published its Constitution and Preamble, with an address to students—not just those of Union—calling on them to join the <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionist</a> cause.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Union College was sometimes called Schenectady College in this period.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seals,_mottos,_and_nickname"><span id="Seals.2C_mottos.2C_and_nickname"></span>Seals, mottos, and nickname</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Seals, mottos, and nickname"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Union chose the modern language <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>—France was then <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">the most revolutionary of countries</a>—rather than <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for its motto. The resulting tone of the entire seal is both historically aware and distinctly modern in outlook.<sup id="cite_ref-somers636_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers636-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The head of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman goddess">Roman goddess</a> <a href="/wiki/Minerva" title="Minerva">Minerva</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek goddess">Greek goddess</a> <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>) appeared in the center of an oval. Surrounding it in French was <i>"Sous les lois de Minerve nous devenons tous frères"</i> (English: <span lang="en">Under the laws of Minerva, we all become brothers</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-fortenbaugh73_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortenbaugh73-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was expanded to <i>"et soeurs"</i> (English: <span lang="en">"and sisters"</span>) in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-sisters_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sisters-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minerva was originally patroness of the arts and crafts,<sup id="cite_ref-altheim265_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altheim265-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but had over time evolved to become an icon of the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Revolution" title="Scientific Revolution">Scientific Revolution</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a>. By the late 18th century she had indeed come to represent all of those qualities that might be wished for in a rational, virtuous, prudent, wise, and "scientific" man.<sup id="cite_ref-king123_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-king123-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the college changed the school's nickname from "Dutchmen" and "Dutchwomen" to "Garnet Chargers" as part of a branding update. Garnet has been the school's official color for 150 years, and the name "chargers" is a reference to "Schenectady's legacy as a leader in electrical technologies."<sup id="cite_ref-Singelais_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singelais-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents">Presidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:365px;max-width:365px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:177px;max-width:177px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nott2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Nott2.jpg/175px-Nott2.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Nott2.jpg/263px-Nott2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Nott2.jpg/350px-Nott2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1058" data-file-height="1426" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Eliphalet_Nott" title="Eliphalet Nott">Eliphalet Nott</a>, president 1804–1866</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:David_Harris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/David_Harris.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="236" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="236" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/David_R._Harris_(educator)" class="mw-redirect" title="David R. Harris (educator)">David R. Harris</a>, president 2018-present</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Union_College" title="List of presidents of Union College">List of presidents of Union College</a></div> <p>Union College has had nineteen presidents since its founding in 1795. The school has the distinction of having had the longest serving <a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">college or university president</a> in the history of the United States, <a href="/wiki/Eliphalet_Nott" title="Eliphalet Nott">Eliphalet Nott</a> (62 years).<sup id="cite_ref-yates428_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yates428-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-somers510_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers510-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current president is <a href="/wiki/David_R._Harris_(educator)" class="mw-redirect" title="David R. Harris (educator)">David R. Harris</a> (2018–present).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_of_the_curriculum">Development of the curriculum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Development of the curriculum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the first half of the 19th century, students in American colleges would have encountered a very similar course of study, a curriculum with sturdy foundations in the traditional liberal arts.<sup id="cite_ref-schmidt52_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schmidt52-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But by the 1820s all of this began to change.<sup id="cite_ref-rudolph113_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rudolph113-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> remained a part of the curriculum, new subjects were adopted that offered a more readily apparent application to the busy commercial life of the new nation. Accordingly, French was gradually introduced into the college curriculum, sometimes as a substitute for Greek or <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rudolph51_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rudolph51-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One approach to modernization was the so-called "parallel course of study" in scientific and "literary" subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-butts129_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-butts129-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This offered a scientific curriculum in parallel to the classical curriculum, for those students wishing a more modern treatment of modern languages, mathematics, and science, equal in dignity to the traditional course of study.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudolph114_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudolph114-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Union College commenced a parallel scientific curriculum in 1828. Its <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">civil engineering</a> program, introduced in 1845,<sup id="cite_ref-hough160_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hough160-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the first of its kind at an American liberal arts college.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So successful were Union's reform efforts that by 1839 the college had one of the largest faculties in American higher education and an enrollment surpassed only by <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guralnick38_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guralnick38-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union1804.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Union1804.jpg/220px-Union1804.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Union1804.jpg/330px-Union1804.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Union1804.jpg/440px-Union1804.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2295" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>Union College' in 1804</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg/220px-Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg/330px-Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg/440px-Joseph_Ram%C3%A9e_Union_College_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="1126" /></a><figcaption>The original 1813 Ramée plan of the Union College campus</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Union College received its charter in 1795 the college began conducting classes on the upper floor, while a <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar school</a> continued to be conducted on the lower.<sup id="cite_ref-somers630_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers630-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It soon became clear that this space would prove inadequate for the growing college. Construction soon began on a three-story building, possibly influenced by <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nassau_Hall" title="Nassau Hall">Nassau Hall</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-somers789_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers789-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that was occupied in 1804. Two dormitories were constructed nearby. </p><p>Eliphalet Nott became college president that year,<sup id="cite_ref-hislop139_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hislop139-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and envisioned an expanding campus to accommodate a growing school. In 1806 a large tract of land was acquired to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Schenectady" title="Downtown Schenectady">Downtown Schenectady</a>, on a slope up from the Mohawk River and facing nearly due west. In 1812 French <a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">architect</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph-Jacques_Ram%C3%A9e" title="Joseph-Jacques Ramée">Joseph-Jacques Ramée</a> was then hired to draw up a comprehensive plan for the new campus.<sup id="cite_ref-tunnard10_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tunnard10-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of two of the college buildings proceeded quickly enough to permit occupation in 1814.<sup id="cite_ref-turner189_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner189-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Union College campus became the first comprehensively planned college campus in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-turner_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Nott_Memorial" title="Nott Memorial">Nott Memorial</a></b>: Designed by Edward Tuckerman Potter (class of 1853), this building derived from the central rotunda in the original Ramée Plan. While it was probably intended to be a chapel in its original conception, the Nott Memorial's primary purpose when finally built was aesthetic. It served as the library until 1961 when Schaffer Library was built. Its design bears some resemblance to the <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Camera" title="Radcliffe Camera">Radcliffe Camera</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>. The building was added to the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1972<sup id="cite_ref-nris_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and designated a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-nhlsum_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhlsum-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building was restored between 1993 and 1995 and today is the centerpiece of the campus.<sup id="cite_ref-somers518_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers518-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>North and South College</b>: The first college buildings using Ramée's plans, the pair were started in 1812 and occupied in 1814. Serving as dormitories, both buildings included faculty residences at each end until well into the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-somers505_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers505-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p><b>Memorial Chapel</b>: Memorial Chapel was constructed between 1924 and 1925 to serve as the central college chapel and to honor Union graduates who lost their lives serving during wartime. The names of Union alumni who died in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> appear on its south wall, flanked by portraits of college presidents.<sup id="cite_ref-somers486_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers486-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG/220px-Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG/330px-Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG/440px-Memorial_Chapel_6.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Memorial Chapel</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="#Schaffer_Library">Schaffer Library</a></b>: Schaffer Library, erected in 1961, was the first building constructed at Union for the sole purpose of housing the college library. Trustee Henry Schaffer donated the majority of funds needed for its construction as well as for a later expansion between 1973 and 1974. The original building was designed by <a href="/wiki/Walker_O._Cain" title="Walker O. Cain">Walker O. Cain</a> of <a href="/wiki/McKim,_Mead_and_White" class="mw-redirect" title="McKim, Mead and White">McKim, Mead and White</a> and built by the Hamilton Construction Company. Additional interior work supported by the Schaffer Foundation was done in the 1980s. After structural problems with the 1973–1974 addition developed, a major project to renovate and expand the library was undertaken in the late 1990s. Designed by the firm of <a href="/wiki/Perry_Dean_Rogers_Architects" title="Perry Dean Rogers Architects">Perry, Dean, Rogers, and Partners</a>, the renovation provided space for College Media Services, Writing Center, and a language lab.<sup id="cite_ref-somers627_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers627-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Jackson's Garden</b>: Begun in the 1830s by Professor Isaac Jackson of the Mathematics Department, Jackson's Garden comprises 8 acres (3.2 ha) of formal gardens and woodlands. Sited where Ramee's original plans called for a garden, it initially featured a mix of vegetables, shrubs, and flowers – some of which were grown from seeds sent by botanists and botanical enthusiasts from around the world. As early as 1844 it drew the admiration of visitors such as <a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon" title="John James Audubon">John James Audubon</a>, and evolved into a sweeping retreat for both students and faculty.<sup id="cite_ref-somers411_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers411-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_administration">Organization and administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Organization and administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Board_of_trustees">Board of trustees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Board of trustees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"The Trustees of Union College", a corporate body, has owned the college and been the college's designated legal representative throughout its history.<sup id="cite_ref-somers745_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers745-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Board consists of alumni, faculty, students, the president of the college, and others. The governor of the state of New York is also an <i>ex officio</i> member. The Board appoints the president of the college upon vacancy of the position.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Student_Forum">The Student Forum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Student Forum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The Student Forum represents the principal form of student government at Union College. The purpose of the Student Forum is to formulate policies in areas involving the student body. The student body is represented by a president, vice-president of administration, vice-president of finance, vice-president of academics, vice-president of campus life, and vice-president for multicultural affairs. The entire Student Forum includes these officers together with two student trustees and 12 class representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SealUnionUniversity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/SealUnionUniversity.jpg/220px-SealUnionUniversity.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/SealUnionUniversity.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="335" /></a><figcaption>The Seal of <a href="/wiki/Union_University_(New_York)" title="Union University (New York)">Union University</a>, on the Exterior Wall of the <a href="/wiki/University_Club_of_New_York" title="University Club of New York">University Club of New York</a> in Manhattan</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memberships_and_affiliations">Memberships and affiliations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Memberships and affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Union College belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Group" title="Annapolis Group">Annapolis Group</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Oberlin Group">Oberlin Group</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Consortium_of_Liberal_Arts_Colleges" title="Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges">Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges</a> (CLAC), and the New York Six Consortium.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Union is also a component of <a href="/wiki/Union_University_(New_York)" title="Union University (New York)">Union University</a>, which also includes <a href="/wiki/Albany_Medical_College" title="Albany Medical College">Albany Medical College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albany_Law_School" title="Albany Law School">Albany Law School</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Observatory" title="Dudley Observatory">Dudley Observatory</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Albany_College_of_Pharmacy_and_Health_Sciences" title="Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences">Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_media">Student media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Student media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Union College radio station, <a href="/wiki/WRUC" title="WRUC">WRUC</a> 89.7, dates from a student project in the fall of 1910, but did not become "live" until 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-somers593_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers593-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Union College radio station was among the first wireless transmitters in the country to broadcast regularly scheduled programs.<sup id="cite_ref-somers594_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers594-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The weekly <i><a href="/wiki/Concordiensis" title="Concordiensis">Concordiensis</a></i>, the principal newspaper of Union College since 1877, is the thirteenth oldest student newspaper in the United States and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Schenectady.<sup id="cite_ref-somers184_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somers184-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_(8849306711).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg/220px-Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg/330px-Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg/440px-Union_College_Main_Entrance_View_%288849306711%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5081" data-file-height="3388" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nott_Memorial" title="Nott Memorial">Nott Memorial</a> viewed from the south</figcaption></figure> <p>Most undergraduates are required to complete a minimum of 36 term courses in all programs except engineering, which may require up to 40 courses (in two-degree programs, nine courses beyond the requirements for the professional degrees), and students in the Leadership in Medicine program, which requires around 45–50 courses.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most popular majors, by number out of 488 graduates in 2022, were:<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Economics (82)</li> <li>Biological and Biomedical Sciences (46)</li> <li>Mechanical Engineering (40)</li> <li>Political Science and Government (40)</li> <li>Research and Experimental Psychology (36)</li> <li>Neuroscience (31)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Admissions">Admissions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Admissions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States" title="College and university rankings in the United States">Academic rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_college" title="Liberal arts college">Liberal arts</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking"><i>U.S. News & World Report</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_USNWR_LA_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_LA-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">45</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Monthly_college_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Monthly college rankings"><i>Washington Monthly</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_Wamo_LA_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Wamo_LA-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">85</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">National</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Top_Colleges" title="America's Top Colleges"><i>Forbes</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_Forbes_NU_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Forbes_NU-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">148</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For the Class of 2027 (enrolling fall 2023), Union College received 9,484 applications and accepted 4,175 (44%).<sup id="cite_ref-CDS_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDS-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The middle 50% range of <a href="/wiki/SAT" title="SAT">SAT</a> scores of enrolled freshmen was 1300-1470 for math + reading, while the middle 50% range of the <a href="/wiki/ACT_(test)" title="ACT (test)">ACT</a> composite score was 30-33.<sup id="cite_ref-CDS_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDS-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average high school grade point average (<a href="/wiki/GPA" class="mw-redirect" title="GPA">GPA</a>) was 3.40.<sup id="cite_ref-CDS_67-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDS-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undergraduate_research">Undergraduate research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Undergraduate research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Undergraduate research at Union College had its origin in the first third of the 20th century when chemistry professor Charles Hurd began involving students in his <a href="/wiki/Colloid_chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Colloid chemistry">colloid chemistry</a> investigations. Since then, undergraduate research has taken hold in all disciplines at the college, making this endeavor what has been termed "the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/linchpin" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:linchpin">linchpin</a>" of the Union education. By the mid-1960s several disciplines at Union had established a senior research thesis requirement, and in 1978 the college began funding faculty-mentored student research in all disciplines. This was followed by the creation of funded summer research opportunities, again in all disciplines at the college, in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Study_abroad_programs">Study abroad programs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Study abroad programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Union College makes available a variety of opportunities for formal study outside the United States, the most popular of which are the Terms Abroad Programs.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, Terms Abroad are offered for residence and study on nearly every continent, some in cooperation with <a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart and William Smith Colleges</a>. In the 2009–2010 school year, programs were offered in 22 countries or regions around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Every year Union College also offers a variety of mini-terms (three-week programs during the winter break or at the beginning of the summer vacation). In the 2009–2010 school year, mini-terms were offered in 11 regions or countries (including the United States).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schaffer_Library">Schaffer Library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Schaffer Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schaffer_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Schaffer_2.JPG/220px-Schaffer_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Schaffer_2.JPG/330px-Schaffer_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Schaffer_2.JPG/440px-Schaffer_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Schaffer Library, opened in 1961</figcaption></figure> <p>Opened in 1961, Schaffer Library currently makes available onsite about 750,000 books in print as well as electronic formats. The two largest historical, electronic collections are <i>Early English Books Online</i> (EEBO) and <i>Eighteenth Century Collections Online</i> (ECCO). The library's print and rare book collections are especially strong in <a href="/wiki/18th_century_in_literature" title="18th century in literature">18th</a> and <a href="/wiki/19th_century_in_literature" title="19th century in literature"> 19th-century literature</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Revolution" title="Scientific Revolution">Scientific Revolution</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a>. Of particular note is the almost complete preservation of the college's first library, acquired between 1795 and 1799.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Union College belongs to several regional and national consortia that improve access to materials not owned by the college.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Student life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fraternity_and_sorority_life">Fraternity and sorority life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Fraternity and sorority life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Potter_House_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Potter_House_1.jpg/220px-Potter_House_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Potter_House_1.jpg/330px-Potter_House_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Potter_House_1.jpg/440px-Potter_House_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Potter House, home to <a href="/wiki/Delta_Delta_Delta" title="Delta Delta Delta">Delta Delta Delta</a> sorority and <a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">Chi Psi</a> fraternity</figcaption></figure> <p>The modern fraternity system at American colleges and universities is generally determined as beginning at Union College with the founding of <a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">Kappa Alpha</a> (1825), <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi" title="Sigma Phi">Sigma Phi</a> (1827), and <a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi" title="Delta Phi">Delta Phi</a> (1827).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three other surviving national fraternities – <a href="/wiki/Psi_Upsilon" title="Psi Upsilon">Psi Upsilon</a> (1833), <a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">Chi Psi</a> (1841), and <a href="/wiki/Theta_Delta_Chi" title="Theta Delta Chi">Theta Delta Chi</a> (1847) – were founded at Union in the next two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On account of this fact, Union has been called "<a href="/wiki/Mother_of_Fraternities" title="Mother of Fraternities">The Mother of Fraternities</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fall of 2021, 33% of the college's female students belonged to a sorority and 24% of its male students belonged to a fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, some 50% of Union's sophomores, junior, and seniors were a member of its twelve Greek letter organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The eight current fraternities at Union are members of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">North American Interfraternity Conference</a>, and as such come under the supervision of the Interfraternity Council (IFC).<sup id="cite_ref-:4_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are: <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Delta Phi">Alpha Delta Phi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">Chi Psi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">Kappa Alpha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Chi" title="Sigma Chi">Sigma Chi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi" title="Sigma Phi">Sigma Phi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theta_Delta_Chi" title="Theta Delta Chi">Theta Delta Chi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OFSL_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFSL-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A chapter of the co-ed community service oriented fraternity <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">Alpha Phi Omega</a> also exists on campus.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among dormant fraternities with active alumni, <a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Kappa" title="Phi Sigma Kappa">Phi Sigma Kappa</a> fraternity maintained a chapter on campus from 1888 to 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-ATPS_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATPS-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_82-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The College Panhellenic Council (CPC) is the governing body for member sororities, of which the <a href="/wiki/National_Panhellenic_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="National Panhellenic Council">National Panhellenic Council</a> (NPC) is the parent organization.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are four CPC sororities at Union: <a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi_Epsilon_(social)" title="Delta Phi Epsilon (social)">Delta Phi Epsilon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gamma_Phi_Beta" title="Gamma Phi Beta">Gamma Phi Beta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">Sigma Delta Tau</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha_Delta_Lambda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha Delta Lambda (page does not exist)">Alpha Delta Lambda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OFSL_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFSL-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_82-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Multicultural Greek Council (MGC) is the governing body for organizations under the supervision of the <a href="/wiki/National_Pan-Hellenic_Council" title="National Pan-Hellenic Council">National Pan-Hellenic Council</a> (NPHC), <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Latino_Fraternal_Organizations" title="National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations">National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations</a> (NALFO), or for any local organizations that fall under the category.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_85-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These organizations are <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Alpha" title="Alpha Phi Alpha">Alpha Phi Alpha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phi_Iota_Alpha" title="Phi Iota Alpha">Phi Iota Alpha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iota_Phi_Theta" title="Iota Phi Theta">Iota Phi Theta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lambda_Pi_Chi" title="Lambda Pi Chi">Lambda Pi Chi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Beta" title="Omega Phi Beta">Omega Phi Beta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OFSL_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFSL-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_82-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golub_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Golub_House.jpg/220px-Golub_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Golub_House.jpg/330px-Golub_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Golub_House.jpg/440px-Golub_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Golub House, one of the Minerva Houses on campus</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minerva_system">Minerva system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Minerva system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before 2004, in an effort to provide an alternative social environment to that offered by the Greek organizations, the Union College administration began recovering occupancy of independent fraternity houses.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This initiative was, and remains, a controversial step by the college.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A non-residential "house system" was created and funded, establishing buildings to serve as intellectual, social, and cultural centers for resident and non-resident members. All incoming students are randomly assigned to one of the seven Minerva Houses. An Office of Minerva Programs was created to coordinate and supervise Minerva activities.<sup id="cite_ref-minerva_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minerva-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nott_Interior.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nott_Interior.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Nott_Interior.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nott_Interior.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Nott_Interior.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Nott_Interior.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Nott_Interior.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>Mandeville Gallery is on the second floor of the <a href="/wiki/Nott_Memorial" title="Nott Memorial">Nott Memorial</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mandeville_Gallery">Mandeville Gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Mandeville Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mandeville Gallery presents an annual Art Installation Series in partnership with the Schaffer Library.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Art Installation Series features contemporary artists who visit campus and create a site-specific installation piece for the library's Learning Commons.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Wikoff Student Gallery, on the third floor of the Nott Memorial, is dedicated to showing work by current, full-time Union College students.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The college owns over 3,000 works of art and artifacts which comprise its Permanent Collection, most of which are available for use by faculty and students in support of teaching and research.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yulman_Theater">Yulman Theater</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Yulman Theater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Department of Music sponsors lectures, performances, recitals, and workshops by visiting artists at numerous campus venues, including the Taylor Music Center and Memorial Chapel. Union College jazz, choral and orchestral groups, a taiko ensemble, and three student a cappella groups perform regularly. The college's chamber music series performs at the Memorial Chapel.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Department of Theater and Dance offers several major theatrical productions as well as staged readings, student performances, guest appearances, and other shows throughout the school year.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Athletics">Athletics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Athletics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Union Garnet Chargers</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png/110px-Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png/165px-Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png/220px-Uniongarnetchargerslogo.png 2x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Official athletics logo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg/220px-Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg/330px-Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg/440px-Bailey_Field_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4222" data-file-height="3484" /></a><figcaption>Bailey Field</figcaption></figure> <p>Intercollegiate competition is offered in 26 sports; for men, in <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">crew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cross_country_running" title="Cross country running">cross-country</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">lacrosse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">swimming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">tennis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Track_and_field_athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Track and field athletics">indoor and outdoor track</a>; and for women, in basketball, crew, cross-country, <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">field hockey</a>, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, <a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">softball</a>, swimming, tennis, indoor and outdoor track, and <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a>. Originally a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/New_England_Small_College_Athletic_Conference" title="New England Small College Athletic Conference">New England Small College Athletic Conference</a> (NESCAC), Union today participates in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a> (NCAA), the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_College_Athletic_Conference" title="Eastern College Athletic Conference">Eastern College Athletic Conference</a> (ECAC). Men's and women's ice hockey compete at the NCAA <a href="/wiki/Division_I_(NCAA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Division I (NCAA)">Division I</a> level; all other sports compete at the NCAA <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">Division III</a> level.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union_College_Athletics-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All club sports are administered through the student activities office. The most active and popular clubs are baseball, <a href="/wiki/Bowling" title="Bowling">bowling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fencing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">golf</a>, ice hockey, <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">karate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skiing" title="Skiing">skiing</a>, volleyball, and <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_frisbee" title="Ultimate frisbee">ultimate frisbee</a>. An extensive intramural program is offered in a wide range of sports along with noncredit physical education classes as part of the wellness program.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union_College_Athletics-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Facilities include the Frank L. Messa Rink at the <a href="/wiki/Achilles_Rink" title="Achilles Rink">Achilles Center</a>, the David Breazzano Fitness Center, the Travis J. Clark Strength Training Facility, the <a href="/wiki/David_Viniar" title="David Viniar">David A. Viniar</a> Athletic Center, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Bailey_(financier)" title="Frank Bailey (financier)">Frank Bailey Field</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union_College_Athletics-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Union has hosted the two longest games in NCAA Men's Hockey History, losing both by identical 3-2 scores: The longest game in NCAA hockey history was played on March 12, 2010. Quinnipiac University defeated Union College, 3–2, in the ECAC Hockey League Quarter-Finals after 90:22 of overtime. Greg Holt scored the winning goal just after 1:00 am local time. The second-longest game in NCAA hockey history was played on March 5, 2006. Yale University defeated Union College, 3–2, in the ECAC Hockey League first-round playoff game after 81:35 of overtime. <a href="/wiki/David_Meckler" title="David Meckler">David Meckler</a> scored the winning goal with Yale shorthanded.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Union football team went undefeated during the 1989 regular season, going 10–0. They lost to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dayton" title="University of Dayton">Dayton</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Amos_Alonzo_Stagg_Bowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Amos Alonzo Stagg Bowl">Amos Alonzo Stagg Bowl</a> for the NCAA Division III Football Championship, 17–7.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Union_College_alumni" title="List of Union College alumni">List of Union College alumni</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1848), <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">21st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Seward" title="William H. Seward">William H. Seward</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1820), <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> under <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a>, and architect of the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Purchase" title="Alaska Purchase">Alaska Purchase</a> from Russia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Westinghouse" title="George Westinghouse">George Westinghouse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> engineer, prolific inventor and industrialist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Jay" title="Martin Jay">Martin Jay</a> (1965), prominent American intellectual historian, author of several works, professor at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>, and fellow at the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_in_Berlin" title="American Academy in Berlin">American Academy in Berlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Barrett" title="Andrea Barrett">Andrea Barrett</a> (1974), winner of the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a> (for <i>Ship Fever</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> for works of fiction.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Baruch Samuel Blumberg</a> (1946)<sup id="cite_ref-Blumberg_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blumberg-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> winner of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, 39th president of the United States, studied nuclear physics at the Graduate School.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_F._Horn" title="Alan F. Horn">Alan F. Horn</a> (1964),<sup id="cite_ref-Notables_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Notables-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the chairman of <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_(production)" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney Studios (production)">Walt Disney Studios</a>, and former president and COO of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitz_Hugh_Ludlow" title="Fitz Hugh Ludlow">Fitz Hugh Ludlow</a><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1856), author of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hashish_Eater" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hashish Eater">The Hashish Eater</a></i>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Simons" title="Howard Simons">Howard Simons</a> (1951),<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> managing editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> during the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate</a> era;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Templeton" title="Rich Templeton">Rich Templeton</a> (1980) engineer, former Chief Executive Officer <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> Instruments, philanthropist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Stone" title="Nikki Stone">Nikki Stone</a> (1995)<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> winner of a <a href="/wiki/Gold_medal#Olympic_Games" title="Gold medal">gold medal</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1998_Winter_Olympics" title="1998 Winter Olympics">1998 Winter Olympics</a> for <a href="/wiki/Aerial_skiing" title="Aerial skiing">aerial skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Fishman" title="Jake Fishman">Jake Fishman</a> (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American-Israeli <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> pitcher for the <a href="/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Olympics">2020 Olympics</a> for <a href="/wiki/Israel_national_baseball_team" title="Israel national baseball team">Team Israel</a>, the only Union player to ever be drafted in the MLB draft.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chester A. Arthur (1848), 21st president of the United States"><img alt="Chester A. Arthur (1848), 21st president of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/103px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/155px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/207px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2763" data-file-height="3206" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a> (1848), <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">21st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William H. Seward (1820), Secretary of State under Lincoln"><img alt="William H. Seward (1820), Secretary of State under Lincoln" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg/85px-William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg/128px-William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg/170px-William_H._Seward_portrait_-_restoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3410" data-file-height="4797" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Seward" title="William H. Seward">William H. Seward</a> (1820), <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> under <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gordongould2_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gordon Gould (1941), physicist credited with the invention of the laser"><img alt="Gordon Gould (1941), physicist credited with the invention of the laser" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG/96px-Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG/144px-Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG/192px-Gordongould2_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Gould" title="Gordon Gould">Gordon Gould</a> (1941), physicist credited with the invention of the <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_(NASA)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobel Laureate Baruch Samuel Blumberg (1946)"><img alt="Nobel Laureate Baruch Samuel Blumberg (1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/98px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/147px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/196px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1281" data-file-height="1568" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nobel Laureate <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Baruch Samuel Blumberg</a> (1946)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neil_Abercrombie_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neil Abercrombie (1959), seventh governor of Hawaii"><img alt="Neil Abercrombie (1959), seventh governor of Hawaii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg/96px-Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg/143px-Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg/191px-Neil_Abercrombie_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="934" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie">Neil Abercrombie</a> (1959), seventh <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">governor of Hawaii</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_Men%27s_Glee_Club" title="Union College Men's Glee Club">Union College Men's Glee Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_New_York_(state)" title="List of colleges and universities in New York (state)">List of colleges and universities in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schenectady_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York">National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Union_College_alumni" title="List of Union College alumni">List of Union College alumni</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <p><b>a</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_anone"><a href="#ref_anone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_College_of_William_and_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="The College of William and Mary">The College of William and Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>b</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_bnone"><a href="#ref_bnone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Washington_College" title="Washington College">Washington College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington and Lee University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampden%E2%80%93Sydney_College" title="Hampden–Sydney College">Hampden–Sydney College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transylvania_University" title="Transylvania University">Transylvania University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson College</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_College_(Annapolis/Santa_Fe)" title="St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)">St. John's College</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/College_of_Charleston" title="College of Charleston">College of Charleston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_%26_Marshall_College" title="Franklin & Marshall College">Franklin & Marshall College</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Vermont" title="University of Vermont">University of Vermont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Williams_College" title="Williams College">Williams College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bowdoin_College" title="Bowdoin College">Bowdoin College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tusculum_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Tusculum College">Tusculum College</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee" title="University of Tennessee">University of Tennessee</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_(Chapel_Hill)" class="mw-redirect" title="University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill)">University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill)</a> and Union College.<sup id="cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._60_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tewksbury_1932,_p._60-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFcenter" class="citation web cs1">center, member. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151109231238/http://www.naicu.edu/member_center/members.asp">"Member Center"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naicu.edu/member_center/members.asp">the original</a> on November 9, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Member+Center&rft.aulast=center&rft.aufirst=member&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naicu.edu%2Fmember_center%2Fmembers.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NACUBO-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NACUBO_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As of June 30, 2023. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/nacubo1-nacubo-prd-dc8b/media/Nacubo/Documents/EndowmentFiles/2023-NCSE-Endowment-Market-Values-FINAL.xlsx">"U.S. and Canadian 2023 NCSE Participating Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2023 Endowment Market Value, Change in Market Value from FY22 to FY23, and FY23 Endowment Market Values Per Full-time Equivalent Student"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLSX)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_College_and_University_Business_Officers" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of College and University Business Officers">National Association of College and University Business Officers</a> (NACUBO) and <a href="/wiki/TIAA" title="TIAA">TIAA</a>. February 15, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523180252/https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/nacubo1-nacubo-prd-dc8b/media/Nacubo/Documents/EndowmentFiles/2023-NCSE-Endowment-Market-Values-FINAL.xlsx">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+and+Canadian+2023+NCSE+Participating+Institutions+Listed+by+Fiscal+Year+2023+Endowment+Market+Value%2C+Change+in+Market+Value+from+FY22+to+FY23%2C+and+FY23+Endowment+Market+Values+Per+Full-time+Equivalent+Student&rft.pub=National+Association+of+College+and+University+Business+Officers+%28NACUBO%29+and+TIAA&rft.date=2024-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fnacubo1-nacubo-prd-dc8b%2Fmedia%2FNacubo%2FDocuments%2FEndowmentFiles%2F2023-NCSE-Endowment-Market-Values-FINAL.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Facts-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Facts_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facts_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/admissions/union">"Union at a Glance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Union College. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190628201812/https://www.union.edu/admissions/union">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+at+a+Glance&rft.pub=Union+College&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Fadmissions%2Funion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/offices/communications/policies/style-guide/colors/">"Colors - Communications - Union College"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141014155728/http://www.union.edu/offices/communications/policies/style-guide/colors/">Archived</a> from the original on October 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Colors+-+Communications+-+Union+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Foffices%2Fcommunications%2Fpolicies%2Fstyle-guide%2Fcolors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somers304-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-somers304_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somers (2003), p. 304</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevens1899" class="citation book cs1">Stevens, Albert Clark (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l-KEAAAAIAAJ&dq=%22mother+of+fraternities%22&pg=PA333"><i>The Cyclopædia of Fraternities: A Compilation of Existing Authentic Information and the Results of Original Investigation as to ... More Than Six Hundred Secret Societies in the United States</i></a>. New York: Hamilton Printing and Publishing Company. pp. 333 and 351 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+of+Fraternities%3A+A+Compilation+of+Existing+Authentic+Information+and+the+Results+of+Original+Investigation+as+to+...+More+Than+Six+Hundred+Secret+Societies+in+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=333+and+351&rft.pub=Hamilton+Printing+and+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1899&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Albert+Clark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl-KEAAAAIAAJ%26dq%3D%2522mother%2Bof%2Bfraternities%2522%26pg%3DPA333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/06/21/102463067.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0">"Work of Union College; Hundreds of Distinguished Men Among Its Graduates. Incorporated One Hundred Years. The Present Beautiful Site of Two Hundred Acres Secured in 1812 -- "The Mother of Fraternities."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 21, 1895. p. 9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Work+of+Union+College%3B+Hundreds+of+Distinguished+Men+Among+Its+Graduates.+Incorporated+One+Hundred+Years.+The+Present+Beautiful+Site+of+Two+Hundred+Acres+Secured+in+1812+--+%22The+Mother+of+Fraternities.%22&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1895-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1895%2F06%2F21%2F102463067.pdf%3Fpdf_redirect%3Dtrue%26ip%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/institutional_studies/index.php">"Union College Office of Institutional Studies"</a>. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527104007/http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/institutional_studies/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College+Office+of+Institutional+Studies&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2FResources%2FCampus%2Finstitutional_studies%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fortenbaugh3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fortenbaugh3_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fortenbaugh (1978), p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._59_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tewksbury (1932), p. 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>A History of Columbia University, 1754–1904</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=First+annual+report+of+the+Union+College+Anti-Slavery+Society%3A+with+an+address+to+students%2C+and+an+appendix&rft.date=1836&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freader.library.cornell.edu%2Fdocviewer%2Fdigital%3Fid%3Dmay817908%23mode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollege_of_Physicians_of_Philadelphia1846" class="citation book cs1">College of Physicians of Philadelphia (1846). <i>Summary of the Transactions of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia</i>. Vol. 1. Waverly Press. p. 88.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Summary+of+the+Transactions+of+the+College+of+Physicians+of+Philadelphia&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Waverly+Press&rft.date=1846&rft.au=College+of+Physicians+of+Philadelphia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somers636-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-somers636_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somers (2003), p. 636; See also Fortenbaugh, <i>passim</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fortenbaugh73-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fortenbaugh73_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fortenbaugh (1978), p. 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sisters-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sisters_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/news/stories/2015/11/unions-age-old-motto-gets-a-modern-makeover.php">"Union's age-old motto gets a modern makeover"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724002309/https://www.union.edu/news/stories/2015/11/unions-age-old-motto-gets-a-modern-makeover.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union%27s+age-old+motto+gets+a+modern+makeover&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F2015%2F11%2Funions-age-old-motto-gets-a-modern-makeover.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-altheim265-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-altheim265_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Altheim (1938), p. 265</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-king123-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-king123_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">King (1750), p. 123</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singelais-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Singelais_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingelais2023" class="citation news cs1">Singelais, Mark (August 3, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesunion.com/sports/article/union-changes-nickname-garnet-chargers-18278126.php">"Union changes nickname to Garnet Chargers"</a>. Albany Times Union<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Union+changes+nickname+to+Garnet+Chargers&rft.date=2023-08-03&rft.aulast=Singelais&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesunion.com%2Fsports%2Farticle%2Funion-changes-nickname-garnet-chargers-18278126.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yates428-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yates428_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yates (1902), p. 428</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somers510-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-somers510_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somers (2003), p. 510</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/david-r-harris/">"David R. Harris"</a>. Union College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221100841/https://www.union.edu/david-r-harris/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+R.+Harris&rft.pub=Union+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Fdavid-r-harris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schmidt52-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schmidt52_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schmidt (1957), p. 52, 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rudolph113-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rudolph113_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudolph (1965), p. 113</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rudolph51-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rudolph51_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudolph (1977), p. 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-butts129-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-butts129_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Butts (1939), p. 129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rudolph114-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rudolph114_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudolph (1965), p. 114</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hough160-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hough160_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hough (1885), p. 160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Donnell2020" class="citation news cs1">O'Donnell, Paul (February 21, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/business/philanthropy/2020/02/21/texas-instruments-ceo-rich-templeton-his-wife-donate-51-million-to-college-where-they-met/">"Texas Instruments CEO Rich Templeton, his wife donate $51 million to college where they met"</a>. <i>The Dallas Morning News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dallas+Morning+News&rft.atitle=Texas+Instruments+CEO+Rich+Templeton%2C+his+wife+donate+%2451+million+to+college+where+they+met&rft.date=2020-02-21&rft.aulast=O%27Donnell&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fbusiness%2Fphilanthropy%2F2020%2F02%2F21%2Ftexas-instruments-ceo-rich-templeton-his-wife-donate-51-million-to-college-where-they-met%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guralnick38-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guralnick38_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guralnick (1975), p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somers630-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-somers630_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somers (2003), p. 630</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somers789-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-somers789_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somers (2003), p. 789</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hislop139-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hislop139_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hislop (1971), p. 139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tunnard10-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tunnard10_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tunnard (1964), p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turner189-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turner189_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Turner (1996), p. 189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turner-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turner_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Turner (1996), p. 190</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nris-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nris_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP">"National Register Information System"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. 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Brown, editor and publisher. p. 294.Retrieved 2023-08-08 – via Hathi Trust.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1923" class="citation web cs1">Brown, James T., ed. (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000011324468?urlappend=%3Bseq=5">"Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities; A Descriptive Analysis of the Fraternity System in the Colleges of the United States"</a> (10th ed.). New York: James T. Brown, editor and publisher. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Finu.30000011324468?urlappend=%3Bseq=5">2027/inu.30000011324468</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span> – via Hathi Trust.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baird%27s+Manual+of+American+College+Fraternities%3B+A+Descriptive+Analysis+of+the+Fraternity+System+in+the+Colleges+of+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=112&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=James+T.+Brown%2C+editor+and+publisher&rft.date=1923&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Finu.30000011324468%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Finu.30000011324468%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, James T., ed. (1923). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000011324468?urlappend=%3Bseq=384%3Bownerid=13510798897566843-400">Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities; A Descriptive Analysis of the Fraternity System in the Colleges of the United States</a>" (10th ed.). New York: James T. Brown, editor and publisher. p. 364.Retrieved 2023-08-08 – via Hathi Trust.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_82-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_82-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_82-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lurding, Carroll and Becque, Fran. (August 5, 2023) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uofi.app.box.com/v/institutions-pdf-folder/file/459802820016">Union College</a>", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/slc/welcome/fraternity-sorority-almanac/">Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities</a></i>. Urbana: University of Illinois. Accessed August 8, 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_83-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYale_Daily_News2009" class="citation book cs1">Yale Daily News (June 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_-2QMnzV4kMC&dq=%22mother+of+fraternities%22+union+college&pg=PA601"><i>The Insider's Guide to the Colleges, 2010: Students on Campus Tell You What You Really Want to Know</i></a> (36th ed.). New York: St. Martin's Publishing Group. p. 601. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-3531-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-3531-9"><bdi>978-1-4299-3531-9</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Insider%27s+Guide+to+the+Colleges%2C+2010%3A+Students+on+Campus+Tell+You+What+You+Really+Want+to+Know&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=601&rft.edition=36th&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2009-06-23&rft.isbn=978-1-4299-3531-9&rft.au=Yale+Daily+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_-2QMnzV4kMC%26dq%3D%2522mother%2Bof%2Bfraternities%2522%2Bunion%2Bcollege%26pg%3DPA601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/union-college-new-york-2889/student-life">"Union College (NY) Student Life"</a>. <i>U.S. New & World Report</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+New+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=Union+College+%28NY%29+Student+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fbest-colleges%2Funion-college-new-york-2889%2Fstudent-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_85-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2022" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Tracy (September 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://concordiensis.com/3991/news/greek-life-office-gives-advice-to-students/">"Greek Life office gives advice to students"</a>. <i>The Concordiensis</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Concordiensis&rft.atitle=Greek+Life+office+gives+advice+to+students&rft.date=2022-09-22&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconcordiensis.com%2F3991%2Fnews%2Fgreek-life-office-gives-advice-to-students%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OFSL-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OFSL_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OFSL_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OFSL_86-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/fraternity-and-sorority-life">"Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life"</a>. <i>Fraternity and Sorority Life</i>. Union College<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft.atitle=Office+of+Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Ffraternity-and-sorority-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/fraternity-and-sorority-life/interfraternity-council">"OFSL: Interfraternity Council"</a>. Union College Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OFSL%3A+Interfraternity+Council&rft.pub=Union+College+Office+of+Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Ffraternity-and-sorority-life%2Finterfraternity-council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/fraternity-and-sorority-life/governing-councils">"OFSL: Greek Service and Leadership"</a>. Union College Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OFSL%3A+Greek+Service+and+Leadership&rft.pub=Union+College+Office+of+Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Ffraternity-and-sorority-life%2Fgoverning-councils&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ATPS-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ATPS_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandRalph_WattsJames_E._Sefton1993" class="citation cs2">Rand, Frank Prentice; Ralph Watts; James E. Sefton (1993), <i>All The Phi Sigs - A History</i>, Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+The+Phi+Sigs+-+A+History&rft.pub=Grand+Chapter+of+Phi+Sigma+Kappa&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Frank+Prentice&rft.au=Ralph+Watts&rft.au=James+E.+Sefton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/fraternity-and-sorority-life/panhellenic-council">"OFSL: Panhellenic Council"</a>. Union College Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OFSL%3A+Panhellenic+Council&rft.pub=Union+College+Office+of+Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Ffraternity-and-sorority-life%2Fpanhellenic-council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/fraternity-and-sorority-life/multicultural-greek-council">"OFSL: Multicultural Greek Council"</a>. Union College Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OFSL%3A+Multicultural+Greek+Council&rft.pub=Union+College+Office+of+Fraternity+and+Sorority+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Ffraternity-and-sorority-life%2Fmulticultural-greek-council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrell2006" class="citation news cs1">Farrell, Elizabeth (February 24, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/article/Putting-Fraternities-in-The/21109/">"Putting Fraternities in Their Place"</a>. <i>The Chronicle of Higher Education</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110611094534/http://chronicle.com/article/Putting-Fraternities-in-The/21109/">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chronicle+of+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Putting+Fraternities+in+Their+Place&rft.date=2006-02-24&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchronicle.com%2Farticle%2FPutting-Fraternities-in-The%2F21109%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-minerva-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-minerva_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/StudentLife/Minervas/index.php">"Union College, Student Life: Minerva Programs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091203024919/http://www.union.edu/StudentLife/Minervas/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 22,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College%2C+Student+Life%3A+Minerva+Programs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2FStudentLife%2FMinervas%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/library/">"Schaffer Library"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160406135500/http://www.union.edu/library/">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schaffer+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Flibrary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.union.edu/mandeville/about-the-art-installation-series/">"About the Art Installation Series - Mandeville Gallery"</a>. <i>muse.union.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180529054146/https://muse.union.edu/mandeville/about-the-art-installation-series/">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=muse.union.edu&rft.atitle=About+the+Art+Installation+Series+-+Mandeville+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.union.edu%2Fmandeville%2Fabout-the-art-installation-series%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/mandeville/index.php">"Union College: Mandeville Gallery"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227202414/http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/mandeville/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College%3A+Mandeville+Gallery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2FResources%2FCampus%2Fmandeville%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/mandeville/index.php">"Union College Permanent Collection"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227202414/http://www.union.edu/Resources/Campus/mandeville/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College+Permanent+Collection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2FResources%2FCampus%2Fmandeville%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/academic_depts/music/index.php">"Union College: Music"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090713074516/http://www.union.edu/academic_depts/music/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 13, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College%3A+Music&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Facademic_depts%2Fmusic%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/academic_depts/theater_dance/">"Union College: Theater & Dance"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090607193708/http://www.union.edu/academic_depts/theater_dance/">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College%3A+Theater+%26+Dance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Facademic_depts%2Ftheater_dance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Union_College_Athletics-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_College_Athletics_100-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unionathletics.com/">"Union College Athletics"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090916063345/http://www.unionathletics.com/">Archived</a> from the original on September 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+College+Athletics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unionathletics.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecachockey.com/men/history/index">"Where Hockey's More Than Another Tradition"</a>. <i>ECAC Hockey</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160325181235/http://ecachockey.com/men/history/index">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ECAC+Hockey&rft.atitle=Where+Hockey%27s+More+Than+Another+Tradition.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fecachockey.com%2Fmen%2Fhistory%2Findex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacAdam1989" class="citation news cs1">MacAdam, Mike (December 11, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BXchAAAAIBAJ&pg=1078%2C2697262">"Dayton Defeats Union, Claims NCAA Title, 17-7"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Schenectady Gazette">Schenectady (N.Y.) Gazette</a></i>. Gazette Newspapers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210711123153/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BXchAAAAIBAJ&pg=1078%2C2697262">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2016</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News_Archive" title="Google News Archive">Google News Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Schenectady+%28N.Y.%29+Gazette&rft.atitle=Dayton+Defeats+Union%2C+Claims+NCAA+Title%2C+17-7&rft.date=1989-12-11&rft.aulast=MacAdam&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DBXchAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1078%252C2697262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>DAB</i>, 1:373</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>DAB</i>, 16:615</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.union.edu/newsarchives/1996/10/11/happy-birthday-george-westinghouse/">"Happy Birthday, George Westinghouse | Union College News Archives"</a>. <i>muse.union.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=muse.union.edu&rft.atitle=Happy+Birthday%2C+George+Westinghouse+%7C+Union+College+News+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.union.edu%2Fnewsarchives%2F1996%2F10%2F11%2Fhappy-birthday-george-westinghouse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanacademy.de/person/martin-jay/">"Martin Jay"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martin+Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanacademy.de%2Fperson%2Fmartin-jay%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blumberg-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blumberg_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105152331/http://union.edu/news/stories/2011/04/baruch-blumberg-46,-winner-of-nobel-prize,-dies.php">"Baruch Blumberg '46, winner of Nobel Prize, dies"</a>. Union College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/News/stories/2011/04/baruch-blumberg-46,-winner-of-nobel-prize,-dies.php">the original</a> on January 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baruch+Blumberg+%2746%2C+winner+of+Nobel+Prize%2C+dies&rft.pub=Union+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2FNews%2Fstories%2F2011%2F04%2Fbaruch-blumberg-46%2C-winner-of-nobel-prize%2C-dies.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Notables-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Notables_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/index.php">"Union College Notables Archive"</a>. <i>Union College Schaeffer Library</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160405192236/http://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Union+College+Schaeffer+Library&rft.atitle=Union+College+Notables+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Fdigital-collections%2Fnotables%2Fnotables-archive%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>DAB</i>, 11:491</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/simons-howard/">"Howard Simons Class of 1951"</a>. <i>Union College - Schaeffer Library Collections</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419103034/http://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/simons-howard/">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Union+College+-+Schaeffer+Library+Collections&rft.atitle=Howard+Simons+Class+of+1951&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Fdigital-collections%2Fnotables%2Fnotables-archive%2Fsimons-howard%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/stone-nikki/">"Nikki Stone Class of 1995"</a>. <i>Union College Schaeffer Library Collection</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419153526/http://www.union.edu/library/collections/digital-collections/notables/notables-archive/stone-nikki/">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Union+College+Schaeffer+Library+Collection&rft.atitle=Nikki+Stone+Class+of+1995&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.union.edu%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Fdigital-collections%2Fnotables%2Fnotables-archive%2Fstone-nikki%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStothers2017" class="citation web cs1">Stothers, Patrick (March 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torontoobserver.ca/2017/03/14/spring-training-has-been-a-reality-check-for-fishman/">"Spring training has been a reality check for Fishman"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spring+training+has+been+a+reality+check+for+Fishman&rft.date=2017-03-15&rft.aulast=Stothers&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorontoobserver.ca%2F2017%2F03%2F14%2Fspring-training-has-been-a-reality-check-for-fishman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tewksbury_1932,_p._60-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tewksbury_1932,_p._60_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tewksbury (1932), p. 60</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ANB: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/American_National_Biography" title="American National Biography">American National Biography</a></i>. New York: Oxford University Press. 1999. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/39182280">39182280</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+National+Biography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39182280&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoorstin1965" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Boorstin, Daniel J.</a> (1965). <i>The Americans: The National Experience</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-16415-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-16415-9"><bdi>0-517-16415-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/360759">360759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Americans%3A+The+National+Experience&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F360759&rft.isbn=0-517-16415-9&rft.aulast=Boorstin&rft.aufirst=Daniel+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButts1939" class="citation book cs1">Butts, R. Freeman (1939). <i>The College Charts Its Course</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/McGraw-Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw-Hill">McGraw-Hill</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-405-03699-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-405-03699-X"><bdi>0-405-03699-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/603810">603810</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+College+Charts+Its+Course&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1939&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F603810&rft.isbn=0-405-03699-X&rft.aulast=Butts&rft.aufirst=R.+Freeman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>DAB: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_American_Biography" title="Dictionary of American Biography">Dictionary of American Biography</a></i>. New York: Scribner. 1928. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4171403">4171403</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+American+Biography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Scribner&rft.date=1928&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4171403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemarest1924" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Steele_Demarest" title="William Henry Steele Demarest">Demarest, William H. S.</a> (1924). <i>A History of Rutgers College, 1766–1924</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="New Brunswick, New Jersey">New Brunswick</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutgers College">Rutgers College</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/785305">785305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Rutgers+College%2C+1766%26ndash%3B1924&rft.place=New+Brunswick&rft.pub=Rutgers+College&rft.date=1924&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F785305&rft.aulast=Demarest&rft.aufirst=William+H.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerm1976" class="citation book cs1">Ferm, Robert L. (1976). <i>Jonathan Edwards the Younger</i>. <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a>: Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-3485-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-3485-X"><bdi>0-8028-3485-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jonathan+Edwards+the+Younger&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-8028-3485-X&rft.aulast=Ferm&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFortenbaugh1978" class="citation book cs1">Fortenbaugh, Samuel B. Jr. (1978). <i>In Order to Form a More Perfect Union: An Inquiry into the Origins of a College</i>. Schenectady: Union College Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912756-06-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-912756-06-3"><bdi>0-912756-06-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Order+to+Form+a+More+Perfect+Union%3A+An+Inquiry+into+the+Origins+of+a+College&rft.place=Schenectady&rft.pub=Union+College+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-912756-06-3&rft.aulast=Fortenbaugh&rft.aufirst=Samuel+B.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox1945" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dixon_Ryan_Fox" title="Dixon Ryan Fox">Fox, Dixon Ryan</a> (1945). <i>Union College: An Unfinished History</i>. Schenectady, New York: Union College. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4676869">4676869</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Union+College%3A+An+Unfinished+History&rft.place=Schenectady%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Union+College&rft.date=1945&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4676869&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Dixon+Ryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuralnick1975" class="citation book cs1">Guralnick, Stanley M. (1975). <i>Science and the Ante-Bellum College</i>. <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>: <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87169-109-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87169-109-4"><bdi>0-87169-109-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+and+the+Ante-Bellum+College&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=American+Philosophical+Society&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-87169-109-4&rft.aulast=Guralnick&rft.aufirst=Stanley+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHislop1971" class="citation book cs1">Hislop, Codman (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eliphaletnott00codm"><i>Eliphalet Nott</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Connecticut" title="Middletown, Connecticut">Middletown, Connecticut</a>: Wesleyan University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8195-4037-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8195-4037-4"><bdi>0-8195-4037-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eliphalet+Nott&rft.place=Middletown%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Wesleyan+University+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0-8195-4037-4&rft.aulast=Hislop&rft.aufirst=Codman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feliphaletnott00codm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHough1885" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Franklin B. (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalandst00murrgoog"><i>Historical and Statistical Record of the University of the State of New York</i></a>. Albany: Weed, Parsons. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/473881227">473881227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+and+Statistical+Record+of+the+University+of+the+State+of+New+York&rft.place=Albany&rft.pub=Weed%2C+Parsons&rft.date=1885&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F473881227&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Franklin+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricalandst00murrgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeisular1964" class="citation book cs1">Neisular, Jeanette G. (1964). <i>The History of Education in Schenectady</i>. Schenectady: Schenectady Board of Education. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/18477246">18477246</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Education+in+Schenectady&rft.place=Schenectady&rft.pub=Schenectady+Board+of+Education&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F18477246&rft.aulast=Neisular&rft.aufirst=Jeanette+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearson1980" class="citation book cs1">Pearson, Jonathan (1980). <i>Three Centuries: The History of the First Reformed Church of Schenectady, 1680–1980</i>. Schenectady: The First Reformed Church of Schenectady. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/483709158">483709158</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Three+Centuries%3A+The+History+of+the+First+Reformed+Church+of+Schenectady%2C+1680%26ndash%3B1980&rft.place=Schenectady&rft.pub=The+First+Reformed+Church+of+Schenectady&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F483709158&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandall1858" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Randall" title="Henry S. Randall">Randall, Henry S.</a> (1858). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifethomasjeffe10randgoog"><i>The Life of Thomas Jefferson</i></a>. New York: Derby and Jackson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8050-1577-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8050-1577-9"><bdi>0-8050-1577-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/933758">933758</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Thomas+Jefferson&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Derby+and+Jackson&rft.date=1858&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F933758&rft.isbn=0-8050-1577-9&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=Henry+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifethomasjeffe10randgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymond1907" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Van_Vranken_Raymond" title="Andrew Van Vranken Raymond">Raymond, Andrew Van Vranken</a> (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unionuniversity01raymgoog"><i>Union University</i></a>. New York: Lewis Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9519312-2-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9519312-2-9"><bdi>0-9519312-2-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11901093">11901093</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Union+University&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Lewis+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1907&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11901093&rft.isbn=0-9519312-2-9&rft.aulast=Raymond&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Van+Vranken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funionuniversity01raymgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudolph1965" class="citation book cs1">Rudolph, Frederick (1965). <i>The American College and University</i>. New York: Alfred Knopf. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-201-14835-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-201-14835-8"><bdi>0-201-14835-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/176662">176662</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+College+and+University&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Alfred+Knopf&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F176662&rft.isbn=0-201-14835-8&rft.aulast=Rudolph&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudolph1977" class="citation book cs1">Rudolph, Frederick (1977). <i>Curriculum: A History of the American Undergraduate Course of Study Since 1636</i>. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>: Josey-Bass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87589-358-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87589-358-9"><bdi>0-87589-358-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Curriculum%3A+A+History+of+the+American+Undergraduate+Course+of+Study+Since+1636&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Josey-Bass&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-87589-358-9&rft.aulast=Rudolph&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt1957" class="citation book cs1">Schmidt, George P. (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/collegealgebra00kauf"><i>The Liberal Arts College</i></a>. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-534-93501-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-534-93501-X"><bdi>0-534-93501-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/254359957">254359957</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Liberal+Arts+College&rft.place=New+Brunswick&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1957&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F254359957&rft.isbn=0-534-93501-X&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=George+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcollegealgebra00kauf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherwood1900" class="citation book cs1">Sherwood, Sidney (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universitystate00shergoog"><i>The University of the State of New York: History of Higher Education in the State of New York</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3123002">3123002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+University+of+the+State+of+New+York%3A+History+of+Higher+Education+in+the+State+of+New+York&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1900&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3123002&rft.aulast=Sherwood&rft.aufirst=Sidney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funiversitystate00shergoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomers2003" class="citation book cs1">Somers, Wayne, ed. (2003). <i>Encyclopedia of Union College History</i>. Schenectady, New York: Union College. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912756-31-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-912756-31-4"><bdi>0-912756-31-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Union+College+History&rft.place=Schenectady%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Union+College&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-912756-31-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTewksbury1932" class="citation book cs1">Tewksbury, Donald G. (1932). <i>The Founding of American Colleges and Universities Before the Civil War</i>. New York: Teachers College, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/76620">76620</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Founding+of+American+Colleges+and+Universities+Before+the+Civil+War&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Teachers+College%2C+Columbia+University&rft.date=1932&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F76620&rft.aulast=Tewksbury&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTunnard1964" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Tunnard" title="Christopher Tunnard">Tunnard, Christopher</a> (1964). <i>Joseph Jacques Ramée: Architect of Union College</i>. Schenectady, New York: Union College. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/5291278">5291278</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joseph+Jacques+Ram%C3%A9e%3A+Architect+of+Union+College&rft.place=Schenectady%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Union+College&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5291278&rft.aulast=Tunnard&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1984" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Paul V. (1984). <i>Campus: An American Planning Tradition</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>: <a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-262-20047-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-262-20047-3"><bdi>0-262-20047-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Campus%3A+An+American+Planning+Tradition&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-262-20047-3&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Paul+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1996" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Paul V. (1996). <i>Joseph Ramée: International Architect of the Revolutionary Era</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-49552-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-49552-0"><bdi>0-521-49552-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joseph+Ram%C3%A9e%3A+International+Architect+of+the+Revolutionary+Era&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-521-49552-0&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Paul+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWills2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Garry_Wills" title="Garry Wills">Wills, Garry</a> (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mrjeffersonsuniv00garr"><i>Mr. Jefferson's University</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7922-6531-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7922-6531-9"><bdi>0-7922-6531-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/97814677">97814677</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr.+Jefferson%27s+University&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F97814677&rft.isbn=0-7922-6531-9&rft.aulast=Wills&rft.aufirst=Garry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmrjeffersonsuniv00garr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYates1902" class="citation book cs1">Yates, Austin A. (1902). <i>Schenectady County, New York: Its History to the Close of the Nineteenth Century</i>. New York: New York History Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-153-14534-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-153-14534-0"><bdi>1-153-14534-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/18738526">18738526</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Schenectady+County%2C+New+York%3A+Its+History+to+the+Close+of+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=New+York+History+Company&rft.date=1902&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F18738526&rft.isbn=1-153-14534-0&rft.aulast=Yates&rft.aufirst=Austin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHough1876" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Franklin B. (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalsketc00educgoog"><i>Historical Sketch of Union College</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/61597023">61597023</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Sketch+of+Union+College&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1876&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F61597023&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Franklin+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricalsketc00educgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuntley1985" class="citation book cs1">Huntley, C. William (1985). <i>Thirty Years in the Life of a College</i>. Schenectady, New York: Union College. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/15201599">15201599</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thirty+Years+in+the+Life+of+a+College&rft.place=Schenectady%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Union+College&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F15201599&rft.aulast=Huntley&rft.aufirst=C.+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarrabee1934" class="citation book cs1">Larrabee, Harold A. (1934). <i>Joseph Jacques Ramée and America's First Unified College Plan</i>. New York: American Society of the French Legion of Honor. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29132611">29132611</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joseph+Jacques+Ram%C3%A9e+and+America%27s+First+Unified+College+Plan&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=American+Society+of+the+French+Legion+of+Honor&rft.date=1934&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29132611&rft.aulast=Larrabee&rft.aufirst=Harold+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Santvoord1876" class="citation book cs1">Van Santvoord, Cornelius (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/memoirsofeliphal00vansuoft"><i>Memoirs of Eliphalet Nott, for Sixty-Two Years President of Union College</i></a>. New York: Sheldon. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3325463">3325463</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoirs+of+Eliphalet+Nott%2C+for+Sixty-Two+Years+President+of+Union+College&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Sheldon&rft.date=1876&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3325463&rft.aulast=Van+Santvoord&rft.aufirst=Cornelius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmemoirsofeliphal00vansuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span>(Full text via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldron1954" class="citation book cs1">Waldron, Charles (1954). <i>The Union College I Remember, 1902–1946</i>. Boston: privately printed. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/916746">916746</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Union+College+I+Remember%2C+1902%E2%80%931946&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=privately+printed&rft.date=1954&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F916746&rft.aulast=Waldron&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+College" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_College&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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title="Joseph-Jacques Ramée">Joseph Jacques Ramée</a> (campus architect)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG/170px-Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG/255px-Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG/340px-Nott_SE_Landscape.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#822433;color:white;">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Development_of_the_curriculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Development of the Curriculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Academic_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Academic Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Undergraduate_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Undergraduate Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Study_Abroad_Programs" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Study Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Rankings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#822433;color:white;">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">History</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Song_to_Old_Union" title="Song to Old Union">Song to Old Union</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Arts_and_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Arts and Culture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Concordiensis" title="Concordiensis">Concordiensis</a></i> (student paper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Steinmetz_Memorial_Lecture" title="Charles P. Steinmetz Memorial Lecture">Steinmetz Lectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRUC" title="WRUC">WRUC</a> (student radio station)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Minerva_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Minerva System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Fraternity_and_sorority_life" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Fraternity and Sorority Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_Men%27s_Glee_Club" title="Union College Men's Glee Club">Men's Glee Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#822433;color:white;">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nott_Memorial" title="Nott Memorial">Nott Memorial</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Schaffer Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Architecture_and_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Campus design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Landmarks" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Theme_Houses" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Theme Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_Rink" title="Achilles Rink">Achilles Rink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#822433;color:white;">Athletics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)#Athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Dutchmen_ice_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Dutchmen ice hockey">Men's Ice Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Dutchwomen_ice_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Dutchwomen ice hockey">Women's Ice Hockey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background:#822433;color:white;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ECAC_Hockey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Template:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Template talk:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ECAC_Hockey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey"><span style="color:white">ECAC Hockey</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears" title="Brown Bears">Brown Bears</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Brown Bears men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Brown Bears women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights" title="Clarkson Golden Knights">Clarkson Golden Knights</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Clarkson Golden Knights women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders" title="Colgate Raiders">Colgate Raiders</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Colgate Raiders men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Colgate Raiders women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red" title="Cornell Big Red">Cornell Big Red</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Cornell Big Red women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green" title="Dartmouth Big Green">Dartmouth Big Green</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Dartmouth Big Green men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Dartmouth Big Green women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson" title="Harvard Crimson">Harvard Crimson</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers" title="Princeton Tigers">Princeton Tigers</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Princeton Tigers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats">Quinnipiac Bobcats</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rensselaer Engineers">Rensselaer Engineers</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints" title="St. Lawrence Saints">St. Lawrence Saints</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Lawrence Saints men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Lawrence Saints women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Union Garnet Chargers</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Union Garnet Chargers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Union Garnet Chargers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs" title="Yale Bulldogs">Yale Bulldogs</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Yale Bulldogs men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Yale Bulldogs women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meehan_Auditorium" title="Meehan Auditorium">Meehan Auditorium</a> (Brown)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheel_Arena" title="Cheel Arena">Cheel Arena</a> (Clarkson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_of_1965_Arena" title="Class of 1965 Arena">Class of 1965 Arena</a> (Colgate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynah_Rink" title="Lynah Rink">Lynah Rink</a> (Cornell)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Arena" title="Thompson Arena">Thompson Arena</a> (Dartmouth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Hockey_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright Hockey Center">Bright Hockey Center</a> (Harvard)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobey_Baker_Memorial_Rink" title="Hobey Baker Memorial Rink">Hobey Baker Memorial Rink</a> (Princeton)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%26T_Bank_Arena" title="M&T Bank Arena">M&T Bank Arena</a> (Quinnipiac)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a> (Rensselaer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appleton_Arena" title="Appleton Arena">Appleton Arena</a> (St. Lawrence)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_Rink" title="Achilles Rink">Achilles Rink</a> (Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingalls_Rink" title="Ingalls Rink">Ingalls Rink</a> (Yale)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Brooks_Arena" title="Herb Brooks Arena">Herb Brooks Arena</a> (Men's tournament)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Men's awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_All-ECAC_Hockey_Teams" title="List of All-ECAC Hockey Teams">All-ECAC Hockey Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Player_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Player of the Year">Player of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Rookie_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Rookie of the Year">Rookie of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Taylor_Award_(ECAC_Hockey)" title="Tim Taylor Award (ECAC Hockey)">Tim Taylor Award (Coach of the Year)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Best_Defensive_Defenseman" title="ECAC Hockey Best Defensive Defenseman">Best Defensive Defenseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Best_Defensive_Forward" title="ECAC Hockey Best Defensive Forward">Best Defensive Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Dryden_Award" title="Ken Dryden Award">Ken Dryden Award (Best Goaltender)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Student-Athlete_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Student-Athlete of the Year">Student-Athlete of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Dean_Sportsmanship_Award" title="Wayne Dean Sportsmanship Award">Wayne Dean Sportsmanship Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Most_Outstanding_Player_in_Tournament" title="ECAC Hockey Most Outstanding Player in Tournament">Most Outstanding Player in Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ECAC_Hockey_All-Tournament_Teams" title="List of ECAC Hockey All-Tournament Teams">All-Tournament Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Women's awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey#Women's_ECAC_championship_games" title="ECAC Hockey">Women's champions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Men's seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:1961%E2%80%9362_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1961–62 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1961–62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1962%E2%80%9363_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1962–63 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1962–63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1963%E2%80%9364_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1963–64 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1963–64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1964%E2%80%9365_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1964–65 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1964–65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1965%E2%80%9366_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1965–66 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1965–66</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1966%E2%80%9367_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1966–67 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1966–67</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1967%E2%80%9368_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1967–68 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1967–68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1968%E2%80%9369_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1968–69 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1968–69</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1969%E2%80%9370_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1969–70 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1969–70</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1970%E2%80%9371_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1970–71 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1970–71</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1971%E2%80%9372_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1971–72 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1971–72</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1972%E2%80%9373_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1972–73 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1972–73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1973%E2%80%9374_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1973–74 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1973–74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1974%E2%80%9375_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1974–75 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1974–75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1975%E2%80%9376_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1975–76 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1975–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1976%E2%80%9377_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1976–77 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1976–77</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1977%E2%80%9378_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1977–78 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1977–78</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1978%E2%80%9379_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1978–79 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1978–79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1979%E2%80%9380_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1979–80 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1979–80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1980%E2%80%9381_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1980–81 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1980–81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1981%E2%80%9382_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1981–82 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1981–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1982%E2%80%9383_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1982–83 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1982–83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1983%E2%80%9384_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1983–84 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1983–84</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1984%E2%80%9385_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1984–85 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1984–85</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1985%E2%80%9386_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1985–86 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1985–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1986%E2%80%9387_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1986–87 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1986–87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1987%E2%80%9388_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1987–88 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1987–88</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:1988%E2%80%9389_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1988–89 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1988–89</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1989%E2%80%9390_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1989–90 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1989–90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1990%E2%80%9391_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1990–91 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1990–91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1991%E2%80%9392_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1991–92 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1991–92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1992%E2%80%9393_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1992–93 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1992–93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1993%E2%80%9394_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1993–94 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1993–94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1994%E2%80%9395_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1994–95 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1994–95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1995%E2%80%9396_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1995–96 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1995–96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1996%E2%80%9397_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1996–97 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1996–97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1997%E2%80%9398_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1997–98 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1997–98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1998%E2%80%9399_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1998–99 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1998–99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1999%E2%80%9300_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:1999–00 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1999–00</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2000%E2%80%9301_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2000–01 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2000–01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2001%E2%80%9302_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2001–02 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2001–02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2002%E2%80%9303_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2002–03 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2002–03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2003%E2%80%9304_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2003–04 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2003–04</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2004%E2%80%9305_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2004–05 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2004–05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2005%E2%80%9306_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2005–06 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2005–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2006%E2%80%9307_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2006–07 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2006–07</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2007%E2%80%9308_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2007–08 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2007–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2008%E2%80%9309_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2008–09 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2008–09</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2009%E2%80%9310_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2009–10 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2009–10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2010%E2%80%9311_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2010–11 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2010–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2011%E2%80%9312_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2011–12 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2011–12</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:2012%E2%80%9313_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2012–13 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2012–13</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:2013%E2%80%9314_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2013–14 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2013–14</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2014%E2%80%9315_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2014–15 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2014–15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2015%E2%80%9316_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2015–16 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2015–16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2016%E2%80%9317_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2016–17 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2016–17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2017%E2%80%9318_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2017–18 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2017–18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2018%E2%80%9319_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2018–19 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2018–19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2019%E2%80%9320_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2019–20 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2019–20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_ice_hockey_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–21 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey season">2020–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_ice_hockey_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–22 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey season">2021–22</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2022–23 ECAC Hockey men's season">2022–23</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2023–24 ECAC Hockey men's season">2023–24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2024–25 ECAC Hockey men's season">2024–25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Liberty_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Template:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Template talk:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Liberty_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Liberty League</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Current full members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bard_College" title="Bard College">Bard</a> <a href="/wiki/Bard_Raptors" class="mw-redirect" title="Bard Raptors">Raptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_University" title="Clarkson University">Clarkson</a> <a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights" title="Clarkson Golden Knights">Golden Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart</a> <a href="/wiki/Hobart_Statesmen" title="Hobart Statesmen">Statesmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_College" title="Ithaca College">Ithaca</a> <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_Bombers" title="Ithaca Bombers">Bombers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute">RPI</a> <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers" title="RPI Engineers">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Institute_of_Technology" title="Rochester Institute of Technology">RIT</a> <a href="/wiki/RIT_Tigers" title="RIT Tigers">Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rochester" title="University of Rochester">Rochester</a> <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Yellowjackets" title="Rochester Yellowjackets">Yellowjackets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_University" title="St. Lawrence University">St. Lawrence</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints" title="St. Lawrence Saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore_College" title="Skidmore College">Skidmore</a> <a href="/wiki/Skidmore_Thoroughbreds" class="mw-redirect" title="Skidmore Thoroughbreds">Thoroughbreds</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Garnet Chargers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a> <a href="/wiki/Vassar_Brewers" class="mw-redirect" title="Vassar Brewers">Brewers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">William Smith</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_Herons" class="mw-redirect" title="William Smith Herons">Herons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Current associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_State_University" title="Buffalo State University">Buffalo State</a> <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_State_Bengals" title="Buffalo State Bengals">Bengals</a> <small>(football)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">NYU</a> <a href="/wiki/NYU_Violets" title="NYU Violets">Violets</a> <small>(men's and women's golf)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Fisher_University" title="St. John Fisher University">St. John Fisher</a> <a href="/wiki/St._John_Fisher_Cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John Fisher Cardinals">Cardinals</a> <small>(men's and women's rowing)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley</a> <a href="/wiki/Wellesley_Blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellesley Blue">Blue</a> <small>(women's golf)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Former full member</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College" title="Hamilton College">Hamilton</a> <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Continentals" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton Continentals">Continentals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Former associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Academy" title="United States Coast Guard Academy">Coast Guard</a> <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Bears" title="Coast Guard Bears">Bears</a> <small>(football)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine_Academy" title="United States Merchant Marine Academy">Merchant Marine</a> <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Marine_Mariners" title="Merchant Marine Mariners">Mariners</a> <small>(football and men's golf)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke</a> <a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_Lyons" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Holyoke Lyons">Lyons</a> <small>(women's golf)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_College" title="Springfield College">Springfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Pride" class="mw-redirect" title="Springfield Pride">Pride</a> <small>(football)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_University" title="Susquehanna University">Susquehanna</a> <a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_River_Hawks" class="mw-redirect" title="Susquehanna River Hawks">River Hawks</a> <small>(football)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Worcester Polytechnic Institute">WPI</a> <a href="/wiki/WPI_Engineers" title="WPI Engineers">Engineers</a> <small>(football)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Annapolis_Group" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Annapolis_Group" title="Template:Annapolis Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Annapolis_Group" title="Template talk:Annapolis Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Annapolis_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Annapolis Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annapolis_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Group" title="Annapolis Group">Annapolis Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nayef Samhat</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member<br />schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Scott_College" title="Agnes Scott College">Agnes Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albion_College" title="Albion College">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albright_College" title="Albright College">Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_College" title="Allegheny College">Allegheny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_College" title="Alma College">Alma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst_College" title="Amherst College">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Atlantic" title="College of the Atlantic">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustana_College_(Illinois)" title="Augustana College (Illinois)">Augustana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_College" title="Austin College">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bard_College" title="Bard College">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_College" title="Bates College">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloit_College" title="Beloit College">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennington_College" title="Bennington College">Bennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berea_College" title="Berea College">Berea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_College" title="Berry College">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowdoin_College" title="Bowdoin College">Bowdoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryn_Mawr_College" title="Bryn Mawr College">Bryn Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucknell_University" title="Bucknell University">Bucknell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_College" title="Carleton College">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_College" title="Carthage College">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_College" title="Centre College">Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_McKenna_College" title="Claremont McKenna College">Claremont McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coe_College" title="Coe College">Coe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colby_College" title="Colby College">Colby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_University" title="Colgate University">Colgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_College" title="Colorado College">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_College" title="Connecticut College">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_College" title="Cornell College">Cornell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_College" title="Davidson College">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DePauw_University" title="DePauw University">DePauw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_University" title="Drew University">Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earlham_College" title="Earlham College">Earlham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckerd_College" title="Eckerd College">Eckerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Emmanuel College (Massachusetts)">Emmanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_%26_Marshall_College" title="Franklin & Marshall College">Franklin & Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furman_University" title="Furman University">Furman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Gordon College (Massachusetts)">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goucher_College" title="Goucher College">Goucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinnell_College" title="Grinnell College">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilford_College" title="Guilford College">Guilford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_College" title="Gustavus Adolphus College">Gustavus Adolphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College" title="Hamilton College">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampden%E2%80%93Sydney_College" title="Hampden–Sydney College">Hampden–Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College" title="Harvey Mudd College">Harvey Mudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverford_College" title="Haverford College">Haverford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrix_College" title="Hendrix College">Hendrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_College" title="Hiram College">Hiram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart & William Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="College of the Holy Cross">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_College" title="Hope College">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houghton_University" title="Houghton University">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Wesleyan_University" title="Illinois Wesleyan University">Illinois Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniata_College" title="Juniata College">Juniata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo_College" title="Kalamazoo College">Kalamazoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College" title="Kenyon College">Kenyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_College_(Illinois)" title="Knox College (Illinois)">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_College" title="Lafayette College">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest_College" title="Lake Forest College">Lake Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_University" title="Lawrence University">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_%26_Clark_College" title="Lewis & Clark College">Lewis & Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_College_(Iowa)" title="Luther College (Iowa)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycoming_College" title="Lycoming College">Lycoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macalester_College" title="Macalester College">Macalester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_University" title="Manhattan University">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDaniel_College" title="McDaniel College">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millsaps_College" title="Millsaps College">Millsaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_College" title="Monmouth College">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_University" title="Moravian University">Moravian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhlenberg_College" title="Muhlenberg College">Muhlenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Wesleyan_University" title="Nebraska Wesleyan University">Nebraska Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_College" title="Occidental College">Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oglethorpe_University" title="Oglethorpe University">Oglethorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Wesleyan_University" title="Ohio Wesleyan University">Ohio Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitzer_College" title="Pitzer College">Pitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_College" title="Pomona College">Pomona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_College" title="Presbyterian College">Presbyterian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Puget_Sound" title="University of Puget Sound">Puget Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph%E2%80%93Macon_College" title="Randolph–Macon College">Randolph–Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_College" title="Randolph College">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Redlands" title="University of Redlands">Redlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_College" title="Reed College">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_College" title="Rhodes College">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Richmond" title="University of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_College_(Wisconsin)" title="Ripon College (Wisconsin)">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roanoke_College" title="Roanoke College">Roanoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollins_College" title="Rollins College">Rollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Saint_Benedict_and_Saint_John%27s_University" title="College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University">St. Benedict and St. John's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_College_(Annapolis/Santa_Fe)" title="St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)">St. John's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_University" title="St. Lawrence University">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_College_(Indiana)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's College (Indiana)">St. Mary's (IN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Norbert_College" title="St. Norbert College">St. Norbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Olaf_College" title="St. Olaf College">St. Olaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Lawrence_College" title="Sarah Lawrence College">Sarah Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps_College" title="Scripps College">Scripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewanee:_The_University_of_the_South" title="Sewanee: The University of the South">Sewanee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore_College" title="Skidmore College">Skidmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_University" title="Southwestern University">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_University" title="Susquehanna University">Susquehanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_University" title="Transylvania University">Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_(Connecticut)" title="Trinity College (Connecticut)">Trinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_University_(Texas)" title="Trinity University (Texas)">Trinity University</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursinus_College" title="Ursinus College">Ursinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabash_College" title="Wabash College">Wabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_College" title="Washington College">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_%26_Jefferson_College" title="Washington & Jefferson College">Washington & Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington & Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_University" title="Wesleyan University">Wesleyan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitman_College" title="Whitman College">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willamette_University" title="Willamette University">Willamette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jewell_College" title="William Jewell College">William Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_College" title="Williams College">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wittenberg_University" title="Wittenberg University">Wittenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wofford_College" title="Wofford College">Wofford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Wooster" title="College of Wooster">Wooster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oberlin_Group_of_Libraries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oberlin_Group" title="Template:Oberlin Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oberlin_Group" title="Template talk:Oberlin Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oberlin_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oberlin Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oberlin_Group_of_Libraries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_Group_of_Libraries" title="Oberlin Group of Libraries">Oberlin Group of Libraries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Scott_College" title="Agnes Scott College">Agnes Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albion_College" title="Albion College">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_College" title="Alma College">Alma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst_College" title="Amherst College">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustana_College_(Illinois)" title="Augustana College (Illinois)">Augustana (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_College" title="Austin College">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bard_College" title="Bard College">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_College" title="Bates College">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloit_College" title="Beloit College">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berea_College" title="Berea College">Berea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowdoin_College" title="Bowdoin College">Bowdoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryn_Mawr_College" title="Bryn Mawr College">Bryn Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucknell_University" title="Bucknell University">Bucknell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_College" title="Carleton College">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_McKenna_College" title="Claremont McKenna College">Claremont McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_University" title="Clark University">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coe_College" title="Coe College">Coe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colby_College" title="Colby College">Colby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_University" title="Colgate University">Colgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_College" title="Colorado College">Colorado College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_College" title="Connecticut College">Connecticut College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_College" title="Davidson College">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DePauw_University" title="DePauw University">DePauw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_University" title="Drew University">Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earlham_College" title="Earlham College">Earlham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckerd_College" title="Eckerd College">Eckerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_%26_Marshall_College" title="Franklin & Marshall College">Franklin & Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furman_University" title="Furman University">Furman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinnell_College" title="Grinnell College">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_College" title="Gustavus Adolphus College">Gustavus Adolphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College" title="Hamilton College">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College" title="Harvey Mudd College">Harvey Mudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverford_College" title="Haverford College">Haverford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="College of the Holy Cross">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_College" title="Hope College">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo_College" title="Kalamazoo College">Kalamazoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College" title="Kenyon College">Kenyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_College_(Illinois)" title="Knox College (Illinois)">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_College" title="Lafayette College">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest_College" title="Lake Forest College">Lake Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_University" title="Lawrence University">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macalester_College" title="Macalester College">Macalester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_University" title="Manhattan University">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mills_College_at_Northeastern_University" title="Mills College at Northeastern University">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_College" title="Occidental College">Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Wesleyan_University" title="Ohio Wesleyan University">Ohio Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitzer_College" title="Pitzer College">Pitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_College" title="Pomona College">Pomona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph%E2%80%93Macon_College" title="Randolph–Macon College">Randolph–Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_College" title="Reed College">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_College" title="Rhodes College">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollins_College" title="Rollins College">Rollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Lawrence_College" title="Sarah Lawrence College">Sarah Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps_College" title="Scripps College">Scripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewanee:_The_University_of_the_South" title="Sewanee: The University of the South">Sewanee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simmons_University" title="Simmons University">Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore_College" title="Skidmore College">Skidmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelman_College" title="Spelman College">Spelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Saint_Benedict_and_Saint_John%27s_University" title="College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University">College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_University" title="St. Lawrence University">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Olaf_College" title="St. Olaf College">St. Olaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_(Connecticut)" title="Trinity College (Connecticut)">Trinity (CT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_University_(Texas)" title="Trinity University (Texas)">Trinity (TX)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabash_College" title="Wabash College">Wabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington and Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_University" title="Wesleyan University">Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Wheaton College (Massachusetts)">Wheaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitman_College" title="Whitman College">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittier_College" title="Whittier College">Whittier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willamette_University" title="Willamette University">Willamette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_College" title="Williams College">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Wooster" title="College of Wooster">Wooster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Consortium_of_Liberal_Arts_Colleges" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CLAC" title="Template:CLAC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CLAC" title="Template talk:CLAC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CLAC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CLAC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Consortium_of_Liberal_Arts_Colleges" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Consortium_of_Liberal_Arts_Colleges" title="Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges">Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albion_College" title="Albion College">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_College" title="Allegheny College">Allegheny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_College" title="Alma College">Alma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst_College" title="Amherst College">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_College" title="Bates College">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloit_College" title="Beloit College">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berea_College" title="Berea College">Berea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowdoin_College" title="Bowdoin College">Bowdoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryn_Mawr_College" title="Bryn Mawr College">Bryn Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucknell_University" title="Bucknell University">Bucknell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_College" title="Carleton College">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_McKenna_College" title="Claremont McKenna College">Claremont McKenna College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colby_College" title="Colby College">Colby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_University" title="Colgate University">Colgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_College" title="Colorado College">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_College" title="Connecticut College">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_College" title="Davidson College">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DePauw_University" title="DePauw University">DePauw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earlham_College" title="Earlham College">Earlham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_%26_Marshall_College" title="Franklin & Marshall College">Franklin & Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furman_University" title="Furman University">Furman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_College" title="Gettysburg College">Gettysburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinnell_College" title="Grinnell College">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College" title="Hamilton College">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College" title="Harvey Mudd College">Harvey Mudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverford_College" title="Haverford College">Haverford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart & William Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="College of the Holy Cross">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_College" title="Hope College">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo_College" title="Kalamazoo College">Kalamazoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College" title="Kenyon College">Kenyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_College" title="Lafayette College">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest_College" title="Lake Forest College">Lake Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_University" title="Lawrence University">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_College_(Iowa)" title="Luther College (Iowa)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macalester_College" title="Macalester College">Macalester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_University" title="Manhattan University">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_College" title="Occidental College">Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Wesleyan_University" title="Ohio Wesleyan University">Ohio Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitzer_College" title="Pitzer College">Pitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_College" title="Pomona College">Pomona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_College" title="Reed College">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_College" title="Rhodes College">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Saint_Benedict_and_Saint_John%27s_University" title="College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University">Saint Benedict and Saint John's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael%27s_College" title="Saint Michael's College">Saint Michael's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps_College" title="Scripps College">Scripps College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewanee:_The_University_of_the_South" title="Sewanee: The University of the South">Sewanee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore_College" title="Skidmore College">Skidmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_University" title="Southwestern University">Southwestern University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelman_College" title="Spelman College">Spelman College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_University" title="St. Lawrence University">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Olaf_College" title="St. Olaf College">St. Olaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_(Connecticut)" title="Trinity College (Connecticut)">Trinity (CT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_University_(Texas)" title="Trinity University (Texas)">Trinity (TX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursinus_College" title="Ursinus College">Ursinus College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabash_College" title="Wabash College">Wabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington & Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_College" title="Washington College">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_University" title="Wesleyan University">Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Wheaton College (Massachusetts)">Wheaton (MA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitman_College" title="Whitman College">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittier_College" title="Whittier College">Whittier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_College" title="Williams College">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Wooster" title="College of Wooster">Wooster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capital_District" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capital_District" title="Template:Capital District"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capital_District" title="Template talk:Capital District"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capital_District" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capital District"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capital_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Capital_District_(New_York)" title="Capital District (New York)">Capital District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Albany,_New_York" title="History of Albany, New York">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_City_Hall" title="Albany City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albany,_New_York" title="Coat of arms of Albany, New York">coat of arms</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady</a> (<a href="/wiki/Schenectady_City_Hall" title="Schenectady City Hall">City Hall</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Troy,_New_York" title="History of Troy, New York">history</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_incorporated_places_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="List of incorporated places in New York's Capital District">List of all incorporated places</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Map of the Capital District"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg/200px-Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg/300px-Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg/400px-Map_of_New_York_highlighting_Capital_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6599" data-file-height="5030" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Largest communities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(over 20,000 in <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem,_New_York" title="Bethlehem, New York">Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Park,_New_York" title="Clifton Park, New York">Clifton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonie,_New_York" title="Colonie, New York">Town of Colonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenville,_Schenectady_County,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenville, Schenectady County, New York">Glenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilderland,_New_York" title="Guilderland, New York">Guilderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfmoon,_New_York" title="Halfmoon, New York">Halfmoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niskayuna,_New_York" title="Niskayuna, New York">Niskayuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensbury,_New_York" title="Queensbury, New York">Queensbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotterdam (town), New York">Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_Springs,_New_York" title="Saratoga Springs, New York">Saratoga Springs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medium-sized communities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(10,000 to 20,000 in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_(city),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam (city), New York">City of Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_New_York" title="Brunswick, New York">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohoes,_New_York" title="Cohoes, New York">Cohoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Greenbush,_New_York" title="East Greenbush, New York">East Greenbush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glens_Falls,_New_York" title="Glens Falls, New York">Glens Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloversville,_New_York" title="Gloversville, New York">Gloversville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta,_New_York" title="Malta, New York">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Greenbush,_New_York" title="North Greenbush, New York">North Greenbush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schodack,_New_York" title="Schodack, New York">Schodack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watervliet,_New_York" title="Watervliet, New York">Watervliet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilton,_New_York" title="Wilton, New York">Wilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Small communities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(5,000 to 10,000 in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_(town),_New_York" title="Amsterdam (town), New York">Town of Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballston_Spa,_New_York" title="Ballston Spa, New York">Ballston Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobleskill_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobleskill (town), New York">Cobleskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonie_(village),_New_York" title="Colonie (village), New York">Village of Colonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duanesburg,_New_York" title="Duanesburg, New York">Duanesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnstown_(city),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnstown (city), New York">City of Johnstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnstown_(town),_New_York" title="Johnstown (town), New York">Town of Johnstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinderhook_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinderhook (town), New York">Kinderhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanicville,_New_York" title="Mechanicville, New York">Mechanicville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Scotland,_New_York" title="New Scotland, New York">New Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer,_New_York" title="Rensselaer, New York">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Lake,_New_York" title="Sand Lake, New York">Sand Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotia,_New_York" title="Scotia, New York">Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stillwater,_New_York" title="Stillwater, New York">Town of Stillwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterford,_New_York" title="Waterford, New York">Waterford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_New_York" title="List of counties in New York">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany_County,_New_York" title="Albany County, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_New_York" title="Columbia County, New York">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_New_York" title="Fulton County, New York">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_New_York" title="Greene County, New York">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_New_York" title="Montgomery County, New York">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_County,_New_York" title="Rensselaer County, New York">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_County,_New_York" title="Saratoga County, New York">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_County,_New_York" title="Schenectady County, New York">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoharie_County,_New_York" title="Schoharie County, New York">Schoharie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_New_York" title="Warren County, New York">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_New_York" title="Washington County, New York">Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_(state)" title="History of New York (state)">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_people" title="Mohawk people">Mohawks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohicans" title="Mohicans">Mohicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Orange_(New_Netherland)" title="Fort Orange (New Netherland)">Fort Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manor_of_Rensselaerswyck" class="mw-redirect" title="Manor of Rensselaerswyck">Rensselaerswyck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverwijck" title="Beverwijck">Beverwyck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Plan" title="Albany Plan">Albany Plan of Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_town_creation_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="Timeline of town creation in New York's Capital District">Timeline of town creation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toponymies_of_places_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="Toponymies of places in New York's Capital District">Toponymies of places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_Valley" title="Tech Valley">Tech Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_New_York_(state)" title="Geography of New York (state)">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hudson_Valley" title="Hudson Valley">Valley</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_River" title="Mohawk River">Mohawk River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_Canal" title="Erie Canal">Erie Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Albany" title="Lake Albany">Lake Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_George_(lake),_New_York" title="Lake George (lake), New York">Lake George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Pine_Bush" title="Albany Pine Bush">Albany Pine Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Lake" title="Rensselaer Lake">Rensselaer Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlawn_Preserve" title="Woodlawn Preserve">Woodlawn Preserve</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Mountains" title="Adirondack Mountains">Adirondack Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catskill_Mountains" title="Catskill Mountains">Catskill Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Plateau" title="Rensselaer Plateau">Rensselaer Plateau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)#Religion" title="New York (state)">Religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_New_York_(state)#Culture" title="Outline of New York (state)">culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="Culture in New York's Capital District">Culture in New York's Capital District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="Sports in New York's Capital District">Sports in New York's Capital District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Diocese_of_Albany" title="Episcopal Diocese of Albany">Episcopal Diocese of Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Albany" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany">Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_York_(state)" title="Education in New York (state)">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="List of school districts in New York's Capital District">List of school districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_New_York%27s_Capital_District" title="List of colleges and universities in New York's Capital District">List of colleges and universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newspapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Union_(Albany)" title="Times Union (Albany)">Albany Times Union</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metroland_(newspaper)" title="Metroland (newspaper)">Metroland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Post-Star" title="The Post-Star">Glens Falls Post-Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Saratogian" title="The Saratogian">The Saratogian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Gazette" title="The Daily Gazette">Schenectady Gazette</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Record_(Troy)" title="The Record (Troy)">Troy Record</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albany_NY_TV" title="Template:Albany NY TV"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albany_NY_TV" title="Template talk:Albany NY TV"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albany_NY_TV" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albany NY TV"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Broadcast_television_in_New_York&#039;s_Capital_District_and_surrounding_areas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_television" title="Terrestrial television">Broadcast television</a> in <a href="/wiki/Capital_District,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital District, New York">New York's Capital District</a> and surrounding areas</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd>This region includes the following cities: <a href="/wiki/Albany,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="Albany, NY">Albany, NY</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="Schenectady, NY">Schenectady, NY</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Troy,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="Troy, NY">Troy, NY</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glens_Falls,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="Glens Falls, NY">Glens Falls, NY</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsfield, MA">Pittsfield, MA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bennington,_VT" class="mw-redirect" title="Bennington, VT">Bennington, VT</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_VT" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester, VT">Manchester, VT</a><br />Reception may vary by location and some stations may only be viewable with <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full-power stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WRGB" title="WRGB">WRGB</a> (6.1 <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, 6.2 <a href="/wiki/TBD_(TV_network)" title="TBD (TV network)">TBD</a>, 6.3 <a href="/wiki/Comet_(TV_network)" title="Comet (TV network)">Comet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTEN" title="WTEN">WTEN</a> (10.1 <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, 10.2 <a href="/wiki/Cozi_TV" title="Cozi TV">Cozi</a>, 10.3 <a href="/wiki/Antenna_TV" title="Antenna TV">ANT</a>, 10.4 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Mystery" title="Ion Mystery">Mystery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT</a> (13.1 <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, 13.2 <a href="/wiki/MeTV" title="MeTV">MeTV</a>, 13.3 <a href="/wiki/Start_TV" title="Start TV">Start</a>, 13.4 <a href="/wiki/Get_(TV_network)" title="Get (TV network)">Get</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMHT_(TV)" title="WMHT (TV)">WMHT</a> (17.1 <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, 17.2 <a href="/wiki/Create_(TV_network)" title="Create (TV network)">Create</a>, 17.3 <a href="/wiki/World_Channel" title="World Channel">World</a>, 17.4 <a href="/wiki/PBS_Kids" title="PBS Kids">PBS Kids</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXXA-TV" title="WXXA-TV">WXXA-TV</a> (23.1 <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>, 23.2 Capital <a href="/wiki/Off-track_betting" title="Off-track betting">OTB</a> TV, 23.3 <a href="/wiki/Grit_(TV_network)" title="Grit (TV network)">Grit</a>, 23.4 <a href="/wiki/Rewind_TV" title="Rewind TV">REW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCWN" title="WCWN">WCWN</a> (45.1 <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">CW</a>, 45.2 <a href="/wiki/Charge!_(TV_network)" title="Charge! (TV network)">Charge!</a>, 45.4 <a href="/wiki/The_Nest_(TV_network)" title="The Nest (TV network)">Nest</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYA" title="WNYA">WNYA</a> (51.1 <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MNTV</a>, 51.2/.3 <a href="/wiki/Catchy_Comedy" title="Catchy Comedy">Catchy</a>, 51.4 <a href="/wiki/Heroes_%26_Icons" title="Heroes & Icons">H&I</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYPX-TV" title="WYPX-TV">WYPX-TV</a> (55.1 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Television" title="Ion Television">Ion</a>, 55.2 <a href="/wiki/Bounce_TV" title="Bounce TV">Bounce</a>, 55.3 <a href="/wiki/Court_TV" title="Court TV">Court</a>, 55.4 <a href="/wiki/Laff_(TV_network)" title="Laff (TV network)">Laff</a>, 55.5 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Plus" title="Ion Plus">Ion+</a>, 55.6 <a href="/wiki/Scripps_News" title="Scripps News">Scripps News</a>, 55.7 <a href="/wiki/Jewelry_Television" title="Jewelry Television">JTV</a>, 55.8 <a href="/wiki/HSN" title="HSN">HSN</a>, 55.9 <a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low-power_broadcasting#Television" title="Low-power broadcasting">Low-power stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WNCE-CD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WNCE-CD (page does not exist)">WNCE-CD</a> (8.1 <a href="/wiki/YTA_TV" title="YTA TV">YTA</a>; <a href="/wiki/Glens_Falls,_New_York" title="Glens Falls, New York">Glens Falls</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYBN-LD" class="mw-redirect" title="WYBN-LD">WYBN-LD</a> (14.1 <a href="/wiki/Buzzr" title="Buzzr">Buzzr</a>, 14.2 Fun Roads, 14.3 <a href="/wiki/This_TV" title="This TV">This</a>, 14.4 <a href="/wiki/Retro_TV" title="Retro TV">Retro</a>, 14.5 <a href="/wiki/Rev%27n" title="Rev'n">Rev'n</a>, 14.6 <a href="/wiki/NOST" title="NOST">NOST</a>, 14.7 <a href="/wiki/Reach_High_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Reach High Media Group">Action</a>, 14.8 <a href="/wiki/NewsNet" title="NewsNet">NewsNet</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cobleskill_(village),_New_York" title="Cobleskill (village), New York">Cobleskill</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT (DRT) 21</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">W21CP-D 21</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloversville,_New_York" title="Gloversville, New York">Gloversville</a>, via <a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVBG-LD" title="WVBG-LD">WVBG-LD</a> (25.1 <a href="/wiki/Buzzr" title="Buzzr">Buzzr</a>, 25.2 Fun Roads, 25.3 <a href="/wiki/France24" class="mw-redirect" title="France24">France24</a>, 25.4 <a href="/wiki/Retro_TV" title="Retro TV">Retro</a>, 25.5 <a href="/wiki/Rev%27n" title="Rev'n">Rev'n</a>, 25.6 <a href="/wiki/Classic_Reruns_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic Reruns TV">CRTV</a>, 25.7 <a href="/wiki/Reach_High_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Reach High Media Group">Action</a>, 25.8 <a href="/wiki/NewsNet" title="NewsNet">NewsNet</a>; <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_(town),_New_York" title="Greenwich (town), New York">Greenwich</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT (DRT) 28</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glens_Falls,_New_York" title="Glens Falls, New York">Glens Falls</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">W28DA-D 28</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield, MA</a>, via <a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">W35DU-D 35</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adams,_Massachusetts" title="Adams, Massachusetts">Adams, MA</a>, via <a href="/wiki/WNYT_(TV)" title="WNYT (TV)">WNYT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNGN-LD" title="WNGN-LD">WNGN-LD 38 / WNGX-LD 42</a> (<a href="/wiki/Heartland_(TV_network)" title="Heartland (TV network)">Heartland</a>; <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards#ATSC_3.0" title="ATSC standards">ATSC 3.0 digital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/WCWN" title="WCWN">WCWN</a> (<a href="/wiki/WRGB" title="WRGB">6.1</a> <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/WTEN" title="WTEN">10.1</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/WMHT_(TV)" title="WMHT (TV)">17.1</a> <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/WXXA-TV" title="WXXA-TV">23.1</a> <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>, 45.1 <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a>)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable-only stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MSG_Network" title="MSG Network">MSG Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSG_Sportsnet" title="MSG Sportsnet">MSG Sportsnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Boston" title="NBC Sports Boston">NBC Sports Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Cable_News" title="New England Cable News">NECN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Sports_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Sports Network">NESN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_News_Capital_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectrum News Capital Region">Spectrum News Capital Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SportsNet_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="SportsNet New York">SNY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YES_Network" title="YES Network">YES</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TW3_(Albany,_New_York)" title="TW3 (Albany, New York)">TW3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEDG-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WEDG-TV">WEDG-TV</a> (<a href="/wiki/UPN" title="UPN">UPN</a>, cable-only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTEN" title="WTEN">WCDC-TV 19</a> (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>/<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adams,_Massachusetts" title="Adams, Massachusetts">Adams, MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTEN" title="WTEN">WCDB 29</a> (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hagaman,_New_York" title="Hagaman, New York">Hagaman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBAX-LD" class="mw-redirect" title="WBAX-LD">WBAX-LD 47</a> <a href="/wiki/Glens_Falls,_New_York" title="Glens Falls, New York">Glens Falls</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTBY-TV" title="WTBY-TV">W52DF 52</a> (<a href="/wiki/Trinity_Broadcasting_Network" title="Trinity Broadcasting Network">TBN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albany_Radio" title="Template:Albany Radio"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albany_Radio" title="Template talk:Albany Radio"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albany_Radio" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albany Radio"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Radio_stations_in_Albany–Schenectady–Troy,_New_York_(Capital_District)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Radio stations in <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>–<a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady</a>–<a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capital_District_(New_York)" title="Capital District (New York)">Capital District</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM frequency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WROW" title="WROW">590</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY_(AM)" title="WGY (AM)">810</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WABY" title="WABY">900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIZR" title="WIZR">930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOFX_(AM)" title="WOFX (AM)">980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSSV" title="WSSV">1160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSDE" title="WSDE">1190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHUC" title="WHUC">1230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPTR_(AM)" title="WPTR (AM)">1240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGDJ" title="WGDJ">1300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ_(AM)" title="WHAZ (AM)">1330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WENT" title="WENT">1340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC_(AM)" title="WAMC (AM)">1400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFNY" title="WFNY">1440</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOPG_(AM)" title="WOPG (AM)">1460</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCSS" title="WCSS">1490</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVTL" title="WVTL">1570</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM frequency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WVCR-FM" title="WVCR-FM">88.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMHT-FM" title="WMHT-FM">89.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRUC" title="WRUC">89.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOPG-FM" title="WOPG-FM">89.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC" title="WAMC">90.3</a></li> <li>90.7 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WGXC" class="mw-redirect" title="WGXC">WGXC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPGL" class="mw-redirect" title="WPGL">WPGL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCDB" title="WCDB">90.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHVP_(FM)" class="mw-redirect" title="WHVP (FM)">91.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRPI" title="WRPI">91.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFLY" title="WFLY">92.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZCR" title="WZCR">93.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYAI" title="WYAI">93.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYKV" title="WYKV">94.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYJB" title="WYJB">95.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAJZ" title="WAJZ">96.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMHH" title="WMHH">96.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ_(AM)" title="WHAZ (AM)">97.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ-FM" title="WHAZ-FM">97.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEXT" title="WEXT">97.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRIP" title="WRIP">97.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTRY-FM" title="WTRY-FM">98.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVE" title="WRVE">99.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKLI-FM" title="WKLI-FM">100.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJKE" title="WJKE">101.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJIV" title="WJIV">101.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKF" title="WKKF">102.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEQX" title="WEQX">102.7</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY-FM" title="WGY-FM">103.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQSH_(FM)" title="WQSH (FM)">103.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPBZ-FM" title="WPBZ-FM">103.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMM-FM" title="WTMM-FM">104.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WINU" title="WINU">104.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQBK-FM" title="WQBK-FM">105.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPYX" title="WPYX">106.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGNA-FM" title="WGNA-FM">107.7</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low-power_broadcasting" title="Low-power broadcasting">LPFM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOG-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOG-LP (page does not exist)">92.7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOS-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOS-LP (page does not exist)">98.9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOC-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOC-LP (page does not exist)">105.3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOA-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOA-LP (page does not exist)">106.9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WCAA-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WCAA-LP (page does not exist)">107.3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_relay_station" title="Broadcast relay station">Translators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W226AC" class="mw-redirect" title="W226AC">93.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W230DK" class="mw-redirect" title="W230DK">93.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W232CE" class="mw-redirect" title="W232CE">94.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W235AY" class="mw-redirect" title="W235AY">94.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W240EC" class="mw-redirect" title="W240EC">95.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W246DS" class="mw-redirect" title="W246DS">97.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W248AX" class="mw-redirect" title="W248AX">97.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W254DA" class="mw-redirect" title="W254DA">98.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W256BU" class="mw-redirect" title="W256BU">99.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W260CH" class="mw-redirect" title="W260CH">99.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W261DP" class="mw-redirect" title="W261DP">100.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W263CG" class="mw-redirect" title="W263CG">100.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W275BS" class="mw-redirect" title="W275BS">102.9</a></li> <li>104.3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W282BI" class="mw-redirect" title="W282BI">W282BI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W282CU" class="mw-redirect" title="W282CU">W282CU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W284BZ" class="mw-redirect" title="W284BZ">104.7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Weather_Radio" title="NOAA Weather Radio">NOAA Weather Radio</a><br />frequency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WXL34&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WXL34 (page does not exist)">162.55</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HD_Radio" title="HD Radio">Digital radio</a><br />by frequency & subchannel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WMHT-FM" title="WMHT-FM">89.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEXT" title="WEXT">89.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC" title="WAMC">90.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC" title="WAMC">90.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTRY-FM" title="WTRY-FM">98.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTRY-FM" title="WTRY-FM">98.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVE" title="WRVE">99.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVE" title="WRVE">99.5-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKF" title="WKKF">102.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKF" title="WKKF">102.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY-FM" title="WGY-FM">103.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOFX_(AM)" title="WOFX (AM)">103.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQBK-FM" title="WQBK-FM">105.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQBK-FM" title="WQBK-FM">105.7-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPYX" title="WPYX">106.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPYX" title="WPYX">106.5-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGNA-FM" title="WGNA-FM">107.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_of_Life_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound of Life Radio">107.7-3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Call_signs_in_North_America" title="Call signs in North America">call sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W226AC" class="mw-redirect" title="W226AC">W226AC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W230DK" class="mw-redirect" title="W230DK">W230DK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W232CE" class="mw-redirect" title="W232CE">W232CE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W235AY" class="mw-redirect" title="W235AY">W235AY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W240EC" class="mw-redirect" title="W240EC">W240EC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W246DS" class="mw-redirect" title="W246DS">W246DS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W248AX" class="mw-redirect" title="W248AX">W248AX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W254DA" class="mw-redirect" title="W254DA">W254DA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W256BU" class="mw-redirect" title="W256BU">W256BU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W260CH" class="mw-redirect" title="W260CH">W260CH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W261DP" class="mw-redirect" title="W261DP">W261DP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W263CG" class="mw-redirect" title="W263CG">W263CG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W275BS" class="mw-redirect" title="W275BS">W275BS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W282BI" class="mw-redirect" title="W282BI">W282BI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W282CU" class="mw-redirect" title="W282CU">W282CU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W284BZ" class="mw-redirect" title="W284BZ">W284BZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WABY" title="WABY">WABY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAJZ" title="WAJZ">WAJZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC_(AM)" title="WAMC (AM)">WAMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAMC" title="WAMC">WAMC-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WAMC" title="WAMC">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WCAA-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WCAA-LP (page does not exist)">WCAA-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCDB" title="WCDB">WCDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCSS" title="WCSS">WCSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WENT" title="WENT">WENT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEQX" title="WEQX">WEQX</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEXT" title="WEXT">WEXT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFLY" title="WFLY">WFLY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFNY" title="WFNY">WFNY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGDJ" title="WGDJ">WGDJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGNA-FM" title="WGNA-FM">WGNA-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_of_Life_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound of Life Radio">HD3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGXC" class="mw-redirect" title="WGXC">WGXC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY_(AM)" title="WGY (AM)">WGY</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY-FM" title="WGY-FM">WGY-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WOFX_(AM)" title="WOFX (AM)">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ_(AM)" title="WHAZ (AM)">WHAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ-FM" title="WHAZ-FM">WHAZ-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHUC" title="WHUC">WHUC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHVP_(FM)" class="mw-redirect" title="WHVP (FM)">WHVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WINU" title="WINU">WINU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIZR" title="WIZR">WIZR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJIV" title="WJIV">WJIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJKE" title="WJKE">WJKE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKF" title="WKKF">WKKF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WKKF" title="WKKF">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKLI-FM" title="WKLI-FM">WKLI-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMHH" title="WMHH">WMHH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMHT-FM" title="WMHT-FM">WMHT-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WEXT" title="WEXT">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAZ_(AM)" title="WHAZ (AM)">WMYY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOFX_(AM)" title="WOFX (AM)">WOFX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOA-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOA-LP (page does not exist)">WOOA-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOC-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOC-LP (page does not exist)">WOOC-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOG-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOG-LP (page does not exist)">WOOG-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOOS-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOOS-LP (page does not exist)">WOOS-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOPG_(AM)" title="WOPG (AM)">WOPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOPG-FM" title="WOPG-FM">WOPG-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPBZ-FM" title="WPBZ-FM">WPBZ-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPGL" class="mw-redirect" title="WPGL">WPGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPTR_(AM)" title="WPTR (AM)">WPTR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPYX" title="WPYX">WPYX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WPYX" title="WPYX">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQBK-FM" title="WQBK-FM">WQBK-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WQBK-FM#HD_Radio_operations" title="WQBK-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQSH_(FM)" title="WQSH (FM)">WQSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRIP" title="WRIP">WRIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WROW" title="WROW">WROW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRPI" title="WRPI">WRPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRUC" title="WRUC">WRUC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVE" title="WRVE">WRVE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WRVE" title="WRVE">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSDE" title="WSDE">WSDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSSV" title="WSSV">WSSV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMM-FM" title="WTMM-FM">WTMM-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTRY-FM" title="WTRY-FM">WTRY-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WTRY-FM" title="WTRY-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVCR-FM" title="WVCR-FM">WVCR-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVTL" title="WVTL">WVTL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WXL34&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WXL34 (page does not exist)">WXL34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYAI" title="WYAI">WYAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYJB" title="WYJB">WYJB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYKV" title="WYKV">WYKV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZCR" title="WZCR">WZCR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WBCA_(Schenectady,_New_York)" title="WBCA (Schenectady, New York)">W47A/WBCA (101.1 FM)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WCKL_(New_York)" title="WCKL (New York)">WCKL (560 AM)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WCSQ-LP" title="WCSQ-LP">WCSQ-LP (105.9 FM)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WDCD_(AM)" title="WDCD (AM)">WDCD (1540 AM)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shortwave_broadcasting_in_the_United_States#Defunct_broadcasters" title="Shortwave broadcasting in the United States">WGEO (shortwave)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WOFX_(AM)#History" title="WOFX (AM)">WTRI (102.7 FM)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WXKW_(Albany,_New_York)" title="WXKW (Albany, New York)">WXKW (850 AM, 1600 AM)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>---- <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd>1. <a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station" title="Clear-channel station">Clear-channel stations</a> with extended nighttime coverage.</dd> <dd>2. Transmits from <a href="/wiki/Equinox_Mountain" title="Equinox Mountain">Equinox Mountain</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_Vermont" title="Manchester, Vermont">Manchester, Vermont</a>.</dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567748#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567748#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567748#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000419369254">ISNI</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/513ad2a9-686c-4077-9cf6-d4b151a289a3">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/996371">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_College&oldid=1256990324">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_College&oldid=1256990324</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Union_College_(New_York)" 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