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(Zakon 2006; Living Internet 2006) By now this technological initiative has entailed many infinitely complicated and extremely extended implications. People started to use the interconnected computers in many unexpected and unforeseeable ways in every fields of human life from the everyday praxis to the most abstract scientific or cultural activities. (Bakardjieva 2005; Barabási 2002) In this way the systems of interconnected computers has been involved into many essentially different contexts of practices and meanings. In these new contexts the \"original\" characteristics of the computer systems receded and some new characteristics were constructed. As an illustration let's think on chating: the essential dimensions of it do certainly not relate to the computers, but about special interests of human beings involved into chating. Inventing and discovering more and more basically different contexts for the interconnected computers a special kind of superorganism (or supersystem) 1 has been built up. This superorganism, the Internet, consists of many fundamentally different organisms (or systems) and its characteristics are determined by the component-organisms and by their interactions. The most known component-organisms are the physical network of computers, the World Wide Web formed by the linked web pages, real and virtual social networks, communities, activities associated with the physical network or the web, and so on. In the last few years the presence of the Internet in every fields of human existence has became clearer and clearer, even the researchers of the Internet have started to speak about the ubiquity of the Internet. 2 Scientific and philosophical understanding of the Internet Notes","publication_date":"2007,,","publication_name":"PHILOSOPHY BRIDGING CIVILIZATIONS …","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"68326715"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Shaping the philosophy of the Internet","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [419301]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":68326715,"attachmentType":"doc"}"><img alt="First page of “Shaping the philosophy of the Internet”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/68326715/mini_magick20210726-17593-1uk9epg.png?1627335349" /><img alt="Academia Logo" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A-971495bd31377b9367f5ce5ca92bbc27dd8a843db989cbce3408389c670b62c0.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free DOC</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Shaping the philosophy of the Internet</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="419301" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LaszloRopolyi"><img alt="Profile image of Laszlo Ropolyi" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/419301/103227/122930/s65_laszlo.ropolyi.jpg" />Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2007, PHILOSOPHY BRIDGING CIVILIZATIONS …</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":68326715,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/50283077/Shaping_the_philosophy_of_the_Internet"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":68326715,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/50283077/Shaping_the_philosophy_of_the_Internet"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="68326715" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/50283077/Shaping_the_philosophy_of_the_Internet" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="69286552" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69286552/Proposal_for_a_philosophy_of_the_Internet">Proposal for a philosophy of the Internet</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="419301" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LaszloRopolyi">Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. Философия. Психология / Journal of the Belarusian State University. Philosophy and Psychology, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The paper argues for the necessity of building up a philosophy of the Internet and proposes a version of it, an «Aristotelian» philosophy of the Internet. First, an overview of the recent trends in the Internet research is presented. This train of thoughts leads to a proposal of understanding the nature of the Internet in the spirit of the Aristotelian philosophy i. e., to conceive the Internet as the Internet, as a totality of its all aspects, as a whole entity. For this purpose, the Internet is explained in four (easily distinguishable, but obviously connected) contexts: we regard it as a system of technology, as an element of communication, as a cultural medium and as an independent organism. Based on these investigations we conclude that the Internet is the medium of a new mode of human existence created by late modern man; a mode that is built on earlier (i. e., natural, and social) spheres of existence and yet it is markedly different from them. We call this newly formed existence web-life. Finally using two enlightening cultural-historical analogies (the reformation of knowledge and the formation of web-life) several fundamental characteristics of the web-life is presented</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Proposal for a philosophy of the Internet","attachmentId":79440271,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69286552/Proposal_for_a_philosophy_of_the_Internet","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69286552/Proposal_for_a_philosophy_of_the_Internet"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="37656521" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656521/Toward_a_Philosophy_of_the_Internet">Toward a Philosophy of the Internet</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="419301" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LaszloRopolyi">Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">APA Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The appearance and the extended use of the internet can probably be considered as the most significant development of the twentieth century. However, this becomes evident if and only if the internet is not simply conceived as a network of interconnected computers or a new communication tool, but as a new, highly complex artificial being with a mostly unknown nature. An unavoidable task of our age is to use, shape, and, in general, discover it—and to interpret our praxis, to study and understand the internet, including all the things, relations, and processes contributing to its nature and use</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Toward a Philosophy of the Internet","attachmentId":57643805,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656521/Toward_a_Philosophy_of_the_Internet","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656521/Toward_a_Philosophy_of_the_Internet"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="1449108" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1449108/3rd_ICTs_and_Society_Meeting_Paper_Session_Theorizing_the_Internet_Paper_5_Shaping_the_third_mode_of_human_existence_on_the_Internet">3rd ICTs and Society Meeting; Paper Session-Theorizing the Internet; Paper 5: Shaping the third mode of human existence on the Internet</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="693765" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LRopolyi">Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">tripleC-Cognition, Communication, Co-operation, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"3rd ICTs and Society Meeting; Paper Session-Theorizing the Internet; Paper 5: Shaping the third mode of human existence on the Internet","attachmentId":11200078,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1449108/3rd_ICTs_and_Society_Meeting_Paper_Session_Theorizing_the_Internet_Paper_5_Shaping_the_third_mode_of_human_existence_on_the_Internet","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1449108/3rd_ICTs_and_Society_Meeting_Paper_Session_Theorizing_the_Internet_Paper_5_Shaping_the_third_mode_of_human_existence_on_the_Internet"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="49494937" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49494937/An_Aristotelian_Philosophy_of_the_Internet">An 'Aristotelian' Philosophy of the Internet</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="419301" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LaszloRopolyi">Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">13th ACM Web Science Conference 2021, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The paper argues for the necessity of building up a philosophy of the internet and proposes a version of it, an 'Aristotelian' philosophy of the internet. First, a short overview of some recent trends in the internet research is presented. This train of thoughts leads to a proposal of understanding the nature of the internet in the spirit of the Aristotelian philosophy i.e., to conceive "the internet as the internet", as a totality of its all aspects, as a whole entity. For this purpose, the internet is explained in four-easily distinguishable, but obviously connected-contexts: we regard it as a system of technology, as an element of communication, as a cultural medium and as an independent organism. Based on these investigations we conclude that the internet is the medium of a new mode of human existence created by late modern man; a mode that is built on earlier (i.e., natural, and social) spheres of existence and yet it is markedly different from them. We call this newly formed existence web-life.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An 'Aristotelian' Philosophy of the Internet","attachmentId":67834583,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49494937/An_Aristotelian_Philosophy_of_the_Internet","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49494937/An_Aristotelian_Philosophy_of_the_Internet"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="3038471" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3038471/The_Internet_A_new_communicational_Infrastructure_CFI_2001">The Internet - A new communicational Infrastructure CFI 2001</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2502" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/NielsFinnemann">Niels Finnemann</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">By situating the Internet within the general history of media, the paper aims at a characterization of the general properties of the Internet. First, a general model of the five most significant matrices of media in the history of mankind is presented and discussed. Second, the paper addresses some of the issues arising from the interrelationships between media in a given matrix as well as the transition from one matrix into another. Third, the paper presents various definitions and approaches to the analysis of the Internet; and finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of properties constituting the Internet as a narrative and discursive space.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Internet - A new communicational Infrastructure CFI 2001","attachmentId":30973634,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3038471/The_Internet_A_new_communicational_Infrastructure_CFI_2001","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3038471/The_Internet_A_new_communicational_Infrastructure_CFI_2001"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="29519086" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29519086/The_ontological_revolution_On_the_phenomenology_of_the_internet">The ontological revolution: On the phenomenology of the internet</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21440708" href="https://auth.academia.edu/AlexandrosSchismenos">Alexandros Schismenos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">SOCRATES, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Cogitation described as calculation, the living being described as a machine, cognitive functions considered as algorithmic sequences and the 'mechanization' of the subjective were the theoretical elements that late heideggerian anti–humanism, especially in France was able to utilize 1 , even more so, after the second cybernetics or post-cybernetics movement of the late '60s introduced the concepts of the autopoietic and the allopoietic automata 2. Recently, neurologists pose claims on the traditional epistemological field of philosophy, proceeding from this ontological decision, the equation of human cognition to cybernetic systems. The emergence of the worldwide web in the 1990s and the global expansion of the internet during the first decades of the 21st century indicate the fallacies of the cybernetics programme to mechanize the mind. We stand witnesses to a semantic colonization of the cybernetic system, a social imaginary creation and expansion within the digital ensemblistic – identitarian organization that cannot be described by mechanical or cybernetic terms. Paradoxically, cyberspace, as a new being, a form of alterity, seems to both exacerbate and capsize the polarization between the operational and the symbolic. The creation of the internet might be more than an epistemological revolution, to use the terminology of Thomas Kuhn. It might be an ontological revolution. I will try to demonstrate that the emergence of the Internet refutes any such claims, since its context and utility can only be described by means of a social epistemology based on the understanding of social significances as continuous creations of an anonymous social imaginary proposed by Cornelius Castoriadis (1922-1997). I will try to explore some social-semantic aspects of the cyberspace as a nexus of social representations of the individual identity that forms a new sphere of being, where the subjective and the objective merge in a virtual subjective objectivity with unique epistemological attributes and possibilities. Abstract Cogitation described as calculation, the living being described as a machine, cognitive functions considered as algorithmic sequences and the 'mechanization' of the subjective were the theoretical elements that late heideggerian anti–humanism, especially in France was able to utilize 1 , even more so, after the second cybernetics or post-cybernetics movement of the late '60s introduced the concepts of the autopoietic and the allopoietic automata 2. Recently, neurologists pose claims on the traditional epistemological field of philosophy, proceeding from this ontological decision, the equation of human cognition to cybernetic systems. The emergence of the worldwide web in the 1990s and the global expansion of the internet during the first decades of the 21st century indicate the fallacies of the cybernetics programme to mechanize the mind. We stand witnesses to a semantic colonization of the cybernetic system, a social imaginary creation and expansion within the digital ensemblistic – identitarian organization that cannot be described by mechanical or cybernetic terms. Paradoxically, cyberspace, as a new being, a form of alterity, seems to both exacerbate and capsize the polarization between the operational and the symbolic. The creation of the internet might be more than an epistemological revolution, to use the terminology of Thomas Kuhn. It might be an ontological revolution. I will try to demonstrate that the emergence of the Internet refutes any such claims, since its context and utility can only be described by means of a social epistemology based on the understanding of social significances as continuous creations of an anonymous social imaginary proposed by Cornelius Castoriadis (1922-1997). I will try to explore some social-semantic aspects of the cyberspace as a nexus of social representations of the individual identity that forms a new sphere of being, where the subjective and the objective merge in a virtual subjective objectivity with unique epistemological attributes and possibilities.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The ontological revolution: On the phenomenology of the internet","attachmentId":49957799,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29519086/The_ontological_revolution_On_the_phenomenology_of_the_internet","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29519086/The_ontological_revolution_On_the_phenomenology_of_the_internet"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="51742218" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51742218/Emerging_Web_Life_A_Marxian_Perspective">Emerging Web-Life - A Marxian Perspective</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="419301" href="https://elte.academia.edu/LaszloRopolyi">Laszlo Ropolyi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of ISIS Summit Vienna 2015—The Information Society at the Crossroads, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Emerging Web-Life - A Marxian Perspective","attachmentId":69330818,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51742218/Emerging_Web_Life_A_Marxian_Perspective","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51742218/Emerging_Web_Life_A_Marxian_Perspective"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="1417525" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1417525/Initial_thoughts_about_existence_in_the_Web">Initial thoughts about existence in the Web</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="661494" href="https://demokritos.academia.edu/michalisvafopoulos">michalis vafopoulos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">web-and-philosophy.org</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Initial thoughts about existence in the Web","attachmentId":9762867,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1417525/Initial_thoughts_about_existence_in_the_Web","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1417525/Initial_thoughts_about_existence_in_the_Web"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="19764564" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19764564/The_World_as_Web">The World as Web</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23440538" href="https://worldacademy.academia.edu/GarryJacobs">Garry Jacobs</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Networks play a central role in the biology of organisms and their physiological functioning, social organizations and relationships, domestic and international political processes, business, finance, development of new ideas and discoveries in science and technology. The World Academy’s project on ‘The Science of Networks’ focuses on the various dimensions of networks and the principles governing their operation. This is the first in a series of articles applying concepts of Network Science to explore untapped potentials for accelerating the development of global society. Society is a highly complex, interconnected, living network of relationships. The entire process of social development and civilization from early times can best be understood as the progressive growth of the number, type and complexity of interactions and relationships between people, places, activities, and ideas. Moore’s law for the micro-processor is a subset and technological expression of a principle that has been operative in society since before the invention of agriculture. Networks govern the operation of society at multiple levels and scales in Space and Time. They determine the movement and exchange of material things, interactions between individuals and groups, interrelationships between activities, systematic linkages between organizations, collection and dissemination of information, accumulation and organization of knowledge, and exchange and development of ideas. The exponential growth in the power and productivity of modern society is an expression of the laws of network science. This article examines the development of the physical dimension of social networks the begins with the linking together of small isolated communities into clusters and their organization around larger urban commercial and political centers. It explores the role of language as a networking tool, the transformative power of roads and railroads, the rise of cities as multi-functional centers, and the role of printing, media and the Internet as catalysts for human interaction and social development. The concept of integration, which is so critical to the power of networks, is also the key to unlimited expansion of social productivity and human welfare.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The World as Web","attachmentId":40831318,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19764564/The_World_as_Web","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19764564/The_World_as_Web"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="40276600" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40276600/Homo_Virtualis_existence_in_Internet_space">Homo Virtualis: existence in Internet space</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="82781268" href="https://spbstu-eng.academia.edu/%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0">Daria Bylieva</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Homo Virtualis: existence in Internet space","attachmentId":60513943,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40276600/Homo_Virtualis_existence_in_Internet_space","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40276600/Homo_Virtualis_existence_in_Internet_space"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":68326715,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":68326715,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_68326715" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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