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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Názvy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Názvy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Názvy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charakteristika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charakteristika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Charakteristika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charakteristika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Systematika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systematika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Systematika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Systematika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poznámky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poznámky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Poznámky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poznámky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zdroje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zdroje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zdroje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zdroje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Obsah" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Semenné rastliny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 82 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadplant" title="Saadplant – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saadplant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بذريات – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بذريات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بذريات – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بذريات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxumlu_bitkil%C9%99r" title="Toxumlu bitkilər – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toxumlu bitkilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Насенныя расліны – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Насенныя расліны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Насенныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Насенныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Семенни растения – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Семенни растения" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE" title="बीज वाला पौधा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बीज वाला पौधा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B2fits" title="Espermatòfits – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espermatòfits" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenn%C3%A9_rostliny" title="Semenné rostliny – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Semenné rostliny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%C4%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D3%B3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Вăрăллă ӳсентăран – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вăрăллă ӳсентăран" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8planter" title="Frøplanter – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frøplanter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samenpflanzen" title="Samenpflanzen – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Samenpflanzen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Σπερματόφυτα – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σπερματόφυτα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plant" title="Seed plant – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Seed plant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semplantoj" title="Semplantoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Semplantoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seemnetaimed" title="Seemnetaimed – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Seemnetaimed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanerogamo" title="Fanerogamo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fanerogamo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پیدازادان – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیدازادان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemenkasvit" title="Siemenkasvit – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siemenkasvit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siadplaanten" title="Siadplaanten – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siadplaanten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B3fita" title="Espermatófita – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Espermatófita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%A2" title="צמחי זרע – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צמחי זרע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6" title="पुष्पोद्भिद – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुष्पोद्भिद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%A1gos_n%C3%B6v%C3%A9nyek" title="Virágos növények – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Virágos növények" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%BD%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Սերմնավոր բույսեր – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սերմնավոր բույսեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuhan_berbiji" title="Tumbuhan berbiji – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tumbuhan berbiji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – ilokánčina" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanerogamo" title="Fanerogamo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fanerogamo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A6pl%C3%B6ntur" title="Fræplöntur – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fræplöntur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="種子植物 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="種子植物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanduran_wewiji" title="Tetanduran wewiji – jávčina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tetanduran wewiji" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="თესლოვანი მცენარეები – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თესლოვანი მცენარეები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinifsanin" title="Tinifsanin – kabylčina" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tinifsanin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D3%A9%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тұқымды өсімдіктер – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұқымды өсімдіктер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EC%9E%90%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="종자식물 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="종자식물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riwek%C3%AAn_tovdar" title="Riwekên tovdar – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Riwekên tovdar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83_%D3%A9%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Уруктуу өсүмдүктөр – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Уруктуу өсүмдүктөр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somplanzen" title="Somplanzen – luxemburčina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Somplanzen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93klaugi" title="Sēklaugi – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sēklaugi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Семени растенија – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Семени растенија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ബീജസസ്യം – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബീജസസ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatofit" title="Spermatofit – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Spermatofit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="အစေ့ရှိအပင် – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစေ့ရှိအပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinachtlanelhuay%C5%8Dtl" title="Xinachtlanelhuayōtl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Xinachtlanelhuayōtl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaodplaanten" title="Zaodplaanten – dolná saština" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zaodplaanten" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="dolná saština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zaadplanten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8plantar" title="Frøplantar – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Frøplantar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B8planter" title="Frøplanter – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frøplanter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_nasienne" title="Rośliny nasienne – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rośliny nasienne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espermat%C3%B3fitas" title="Espermatófitas – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Espermatófitas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muruyuq" title="Muruyuq – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Muruyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatofite" title="Spermatofite – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Spermatofite" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Семенные растения – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Семенные растения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemenja%C4%8De" title="Sjemenjače – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjemenjače" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyte" title="Spermatophyte – sinhalčina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Spermatophyte" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plants" title="Seed plants – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seed plants" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenke" title="Semenke – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Semenke" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutuwuhan_Siki" title="Tutuwuhan Siki – sundčina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tutuwuhan Siki" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B6v%C3%A4xter" title="Fröväxter – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fröväxter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="வித்துத் தாவரங்கள் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வித்துத் தாவரங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95" title="విత్తనపు మొక్క – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విత్తనపు మొక్క" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohumlu_bitkiler" title="Tohumlu bitkiler – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tohumlu bitkiler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Насінні – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Насінні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piante_da_fioro" title="Piante da fioro – benátčina" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Piante da fioro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%B1c_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_h%E1%BA%A1t" title="Thực vật có hạt – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thực vật có hạt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – vlámština (západní)" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vlámština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" title="Spermatophyta – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Spermatophyta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="种子植物 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="种子植物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="种子植物 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="种子植物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ng-ch%C3%AD_si%CC%8Dt-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chéng-chí si̍t-bu̍t – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chéng-chí si̍t-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="種子植物 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="種子植物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25814#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Spermatophyta" hreflang="en"><span>Wikidruhy</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25814" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="3" align="right" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 250px; padding: 0.05em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #90EE90; padding: 5px; font-size: 140%;">Semenné rastliny</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg/250px-Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg/375px-Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg/500px-Tragopogon_dubius_seedhead1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3494" data-file-height="2470" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#90EE90; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vedeck%C3%A1_klasifik%C3%A1cia" title="Vedecká klasifikácia">Vedecká klasifikácia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:transparent;" align="left"> </div> <ul class="NavContent" style="display:none; list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left; font-size:105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div> <table width="100%" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%"><b>Doména</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryoty" title="Eukaryoty">eukaryoty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ríša <small>(regnum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rastliny" title="Rastliny">rastliny</a> <small>(Plantae,Vegetabilia)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Podríša <small>(subregnum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zelen%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Zelené rastliny">zelené rastliny</a> <small>(Viridiplantae, Chlorobionta)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Vývojová línia</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cievnat%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Cievnaté rastliny">cievnaté rastliny</a> <small>(Tracheophyta)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Vývojová vetva</b></td> <td><b>semenné rastliny</b> <small>(Spermatophyta)</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#90EE90; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Binomick%C3%A9_meno" title="Binomické meno">Vedecký názov</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><i>Spermatophyta</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color: #90EE90; text-align: center; padding: 0.3em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Vedeck%C3%A1_klasifik%C3%A1cia" title="Vedecká klasifikácia">Vedecká klasifikácia</a> prevažne podľa <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A9m_%C5%BEiv%C3%BDch_organizmov#Rastliny" title="Systém živých organizmov">tohto článku</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Biologický portál"><img alt="Biologický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/18px-Polyploidization.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/27px-Polyploidization.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/36px-Polyploidization.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Portál:Biológia">Biologický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Semenné rastliny</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin%C4%8Dina" title="Latinčina">lat.</a> <i>Spermatophyta</i>; iné názvy pozri nižšie) sú skupina <a href="/wiki/Cievnat%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Cievnaté rastliny">cievnatých rastlín</a> (<i>Tracheophyta</i>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Názvy"><span id="N.C3.A1zvy"></span>Názvy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Názvy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Názvy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Názvy tohto taxónu sú: </p> <ul><li><b>semenné rastliny</b>, <b>semenné cievnaté rastliny</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, staršie: <b>vyššie rastliny</b> alebo <b>vyššie organizované rastliny</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - <a href="/wiki/Latin%C4%8Dina" title="Latinčina">lat.</a> <i>Spermatophyta</i> alebo staršie <i>Embryophyta sipho(no)gama</i>;</li> <li>staršie: <b>javnosnubné rastliny</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <b>javnosnubné</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> alebo <b>fanerogamy</b><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - lat. <i>Phanerogamae</i>;</li> <li>staršie: <b>kvitnúce</b> [alebo <b>kvetnaté</b>] <b>rastliny</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>pozn 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - lat. <i> Anthophyta</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-L_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charakteristika">Charakteristika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Charakteristika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Charakteristika"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Semenné rastliny sa vyznačujú tvorbou (dokonalých) <a href="/wiki/Semeno" class="mw-disambig" title="Semeno">semien</a> a majú <a href="/wiki/Kvet" title="Kvet">kvety</a> (t.j. presnejšie: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0i%C5%A1tica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šištica (stránka neexistuje)">šištice</a> či <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0u%C5%A1ka" title="Šuška">šušky</a> u nahosemenných rastlín a <a href="/wiki/Kvet" title="Kvet">kvety</a> v užšom zmysle u krytosemenných rastlín) a <a href="/wiki/Plod_(rastlina)" title="Plod (rastlina)">plody</a>. </p><p>Semená (či semenám veľmi podobné útvary - existuje totiž viacero rôznych definícií pojmu semeno) sa vyskytujú nielen u semenných rastlín, ale aj u niektorých vývojovo nižších cievnatých rastlín. Konkrétne semená majú najmä tieto čeľade: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miadesmiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miadesmiaceae (stránka neexistuje)">Miadesmiaceae</a> (patrí pod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plav%C3%BAne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plavúne (stránka neexistuje)">plavúne</a>),</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lepidocarpaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lepidocarpaceae (stránka neexistuje)">Lepidocarpaceae</a>/ po slovensky <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lepidokarpovit%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lepidokarpovité (stránka neexistuje)">lepidokarpovité</a> (patrí pod plavúne) a</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamocarpaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamocarpaceae (stránka neexistuje)">Calamocarpaceae</a> (zaraďovaná aj ako súčasť čeľade <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamitaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamitaceae (stránka neexistuje)">Calamitaceae</a> alebo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamostachyaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamostachyaceae (stránka neexistuje)">Calamostachyaceae</a>; patrí pod <a href="/wiki/Prasli%C4%8Dky" class="mw-redirect" title="Prasličky">prasličky</a>).</li></ul> <p>Hoci tieto čeľade majú semená (či semenám veľmi podobné útvary), vývojovo so semennými rastlinami nesúvisia. <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematika">Systematika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Systematika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Systematika"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Semenné rastliny sa delia na: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nahosemenn%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Nahosemenné rastliny">nahosemenné rastliny</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Gymnospermae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymnospermae">Gymnospermae</a></i>) - zahŕňajú viacero oddelení</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krytosemenn%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Krytosemenné rastliny">krytosemenné rastliny</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Angiospermae" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiospermae">Angiospermae</a></i>)/<a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%B3liorasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnóliorasty">magnóliorasty</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Magnoliophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnoliophyta">Magnoliophyta</a></i>) - tvoria jedno oddelenie</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poznámky"><span id="Pozn.C3.A1mky"></span>Poznámky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Poznámky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Poznámky"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Názov kvitnúce rastliny (Anthophyta) je nevhodný, lebo dnes vieme, že kvitnú aj niektoré nesemenné rastliny, konkrétne niektoré papraďorasty.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdroje">Zdroje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zdroje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdroje"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">GOJDIČOVÁ, Ema; MÁRTONFI, Pavol; MÁRTONFIOVÁ, Lenka. <i>Botany - vascular plants : [European social fund]</i>. 1st ed. vyd. Žilina : Institute of the High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, 2008. 167 s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-80-88923-12-1" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-80-88923-12-1">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-80-88923-12-1</span></a></span>. S. 51. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">KREJČA, J. (ed.) et al. Z našej prírody: rastliny, horniny, minerály, skameneliny. Bratislava: Príroda, 1984. S. 15-16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">javnosnubné rastliny. In: BETINA, Vladimír et al. <i>Malá encyklopédia biológie</i>. Bratislava: Obzor, 1975. S. 209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">rastliny. In: <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Bujn%C3%A1k" title="Pavel Bujnák">BUJNÁK, Pavel</a>, ed. <i><a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%BD_n%C3%A1u%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_slovn%C3%ADk" title="Slovenský náučný slovník">Slovenský náučný slovník: Príručná encyklopédia vedomostí v troch dieloch III. diel N – Ž</a></i>. Bratislava, Praha: Litevna, literárne a vedecké nakladateľstvo Vojtech Tilkovský, 1932</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">semenné rastliny. In : ČINČURA, Juraj, ed. <i>Encyklopédia Zeme</i>. 1. vyd. Bratislava : Obzor, 1983. S. 547</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">fanerogam. In: <cite style="font-style:normal">ŠALING, Samo; IVANOVÁ-ŠALINGOVÁ, Mária; MANÍKOVÁ, Zuzana. <i><a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD_slovn%C3%ADk_cudz%C3%ADch_slov" title="Veľký slovník cudzích slov">Veľký slovník cudzích slov</a></i>. 2. revid. a dopl. vyd. Bratislava-Veľký Šariš : SAMO, 2000. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/80-967524-6-4" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/80-967524-6-4">ISBN <span class="ISBN">80-967524-6-4</span></a></span>. S. 364. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">PROCIKOVÁ, A.. <i>Školský lexikón</i>. 1. vyd. Bratislava : Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo, 1992. 376 s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/80-08-01570-5" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/80-08-01570-5">ISBN <span class="ISBN">80-08-01570-5</span></a></span>. S. 266. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-L-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-L_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kryptogamen. In: <i>Lexikon der Biologie</i>. [CD-ROM] München : Elsevier, Spektrum, Akad. Verl., 2005. <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/3827403421" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-8274-0342-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">KOLEK, J. et al.: <i>Nemecko-slovenský pôdohospodársky slovník</i>. Bratislava: Príroda, 1971. S. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Lu̕dmila Thurzová. <i>Malý atlas liecivých rastlín</i>. [s.l.] : Osveta, 1971. 420 s. S. 17. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> biologie.uni-konstanz.de, [cit. 2021-02-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023025/https://www.biologie.uni-konstanz.de/typo3temp/secure_downloads/89188/0/4718ab74fadf401947eac872f9c23ad181d83599/5_Baerlappe.pdf">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2021-02-15 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biologie.uni-konstanz.de/typo3temp/secure_downloads/89188/0/4718ab74fadf401947eac872f9c23ad181d83599/5_Baerlappe.pdf">originálu.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Samen, Samenpflanzen, Samenbärlappe, Miadesmiaceae, Calamocarpon. In: In: Lexikon der Biologie. [CD-ROM] München : Elsevier, Spektrum, Akad. Verl., 2005. <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/3827403421" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-8274-0342-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Archivovaná kópia</i> [online]. [Cit. 2021-02-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201006201945/https://phytomorphology.org/personal-information/system-of-embryophytes/">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2020-10-06 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phytomorphology.org/personal-information/system-of-embryophytes/">originálu.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">MIČIETA, K. et al. Fylogenéza a morfogenéza cievnatých rastlín. UK. 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://koha.mdc-berlin.de/contents/99-00044.pdf">[1]</a> S. 12</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Zdroj: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semenné_rastliny&oldid=7974945">https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semenné_rastliny&oldid=7974945</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kateg%C3%B3rie" title="Špeciálne:Kategórie">Kategória</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Semenn%C3%A9_rastliny" title="Kategória:Semenné rastliny">Semenné rastliny</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategórie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Str%C3%A1nky_s_magick%C3%BDmi_odkazmi_ISBN" title="Kategória:Stránky s magickými odkazmi ISBN">Stránky s magickými odkazmi ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia/Zapojen%C3%A9_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Kategória:Portál:Biológia/Zapojené články">Portál:Biológia/Zapojené články</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dátum a čas poslednej úpravy tejto stránky: 19. január 2025, 19:00.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný za podmienok <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 4.0 Unported</a>; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>82 jazykov</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Pridať tému</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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