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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting">"Continuity" broadcasting</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Continuity%22+broadcasting&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">broadcasting</a>, <b>continuity</b> or <b>presentation</b> (or <b>station break</b> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>) is announcements, messages and graphics played by the broadcaster between specific <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">programmes</a>. It typically includes programme schedules, announcement of the programme immediately following and trailers or descriptions of forthcoming programmes. Continuity can be spoken by an <a href="/wiki/Announcer" title="Announcer">announcer</a> or displayed in text over <a href="/wiki/Graphics" title="Graphics">graphics</a>. On <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> continuity generally coincides with a display of the broadcaster's <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a> or ident. Advertisements are generally not considered part of continuity because they are advertising another company. </p><p>A <b>continuity announcer</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">broadcaster</a> whose voice (and, in some cases, face) appears between radio or television programmes to give programme information. Continuity announcers tell viewers and listeners which channel they are watching or listening to at the moment (or which station they are tuned to), what they are about to see (or hear), and what they could be watching (or listening to) if they changed to a different channel operated by the broadcaster. At the end of programmes, they may read out information about the previous programme, for example who presented and produced it, relay information or merchandise relating to the show, or to provide details of organisations who may offer support in relation to a storyline or issue raised in the programme. Continuity announcers may also play music during intervals and give details of programmes later in the day. If there is a breakdown, they make any necessary announcements and often play music for its duration. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Television continuity announcements typically take one of two forms: </p> <ul><li><b>Out-of-vision</b>, where only the announcer's voice is heard, either over the end sequence of a programme or on-screen graphics. With appropriate training in sound and vision mixing, this can be achieved with a single person acting as both voice and controller.</li> <li><b>In-vision</b>, where the announcer is seen delivering the announcement on-screen. This typically requires a number of people in a small studio, including sound engineers, vision mixers, and occasionally camera operators. Modern installations with motorised cameras can reduce this to two – the presenter, and a technical assistant to perform the "backstage" functions such as adjusting the camera and mixing. Typically, in-vision announcers are utilised today in smaller television markets, usually where private commercial channels were introduced late.</li></ul> <p>Currently, the following European television channels use in-vision announcers: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>: <a href="/wiki/YLE_TV1" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE TV1">YLE TV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>: <a href="/wiki/TG4" title="TG4">TG4</a><sup id="cite_ref-TG3-Christmas-2007_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TG3-Christmas-2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>: <a href="/wiki/NRK1" title="NRK1">NRK1</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>: <a href="/wiki/CBeebies" title="CBeebies">CBeebies</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Alba_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Alba (TV channel)">BBC Alba</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With most radio stations now broadcasting only music, few networks retain continuity announcers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Exceptions include talk stations such as <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a> in the United States, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> and in the UK and <a href="/wiki/P1_(Swedish_radio_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="P1 (Swedish radio station)">SR P1</a> in Sweden. In the case of Radio 4 they also read the <a href="/wiki/Shipping_Forecast" title="Shipping Forecast">shipping forecasts</a> and gale warnings. Many also serve as <a href="/wiki/News_presenter" title="News presenter">newsreaders</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Continuity_around_the_world">Continuity around the world</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Continuity around the world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBC_Television" title="CBC Television">CBC Television</a> used in-vision announcers to 'host' primetime programming from 2001 to 2006. As the credits rolled, the announcer would describe upcoming episodes of the series, then introduce the next program at the top of the hour. The evening's host changed daily. Usually, the host was appearing in a major upcoming program the same week, giving the appearance that the host is promoting not only the next program in the evening but his or her own upcoming show. Sometimes CBC Radio newscasters or program hosts would appear as the evening TV hosts. The initiative, sometimes known as "Hosted Prime", only covered the CBC's core evening block (8:00 to 10:00 p.m. local) as opposed to programs in the 7:00 hour, and would not normally appear during the summer. </p><p><a href="/wiki/CBC_Radio_One" title="CBC Radio One">CBC Radio One</a> has used continuity announcers in recent years. Originally, a number of staff announcers shared the duties; however, in 2004, the service began employing actress <a href="/wiki/Shauna_MacDonald_(Canadian_actress)" title="Shauna MacDonald (Canadian actress)">Shauna MacDonald</a> as its primary continuity announcer. Her identity remained a secret for more than a year, leading her to be dubbed "Promo Girl". MacDonald has since been replaced by Jeremy Harris,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> serving in a similar capacity for both Radio One and <a href="/wiki/CBC_Radio_2" class="mw-redirect" title="CBC Radio 2">Radio 2</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Omni_Television" title="Omni Television">Omni Television</a> in Toronto has used in-vision continuity announcers for the past 10 years or so. These "interstitial" segments fill in the time left in programming due to the different break structure of American TV programming, that cannot be filled by commercials in Canada due to Canadian broadcast regulations regarding the number of minutes of commercials allowable per hour. The segments range from 30 seconds to 2 minutes, and in addition to announcing the station and the programs coming up, the announcers will talk about other programming, station contests, quirky news or celebrity gossip. </p><p>Continuity announcements on <a href="/wiki/Citytv" title="Citytv">Citytv</a> have been voiced by actor <a href="/wiki/Dan_Aykroyd" title="Dan Aykroyd">Dan Aykroyd</a> and journalist <a href="/wiki/Mark_Dailey" title="Mark Dailey">Mark Dailey</a>. </p><p>Other Canadian stations will fill this time in by a news update or a teaser about news stories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flanders,_Belgium"><span id="Flanders.2C_Belgium"></span>Flanders, Belgium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Flanders, Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until July 2015, <a href="/wiki/E%C3%A9n" class="mw-redirect" title="Eén">één</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vlaamse_Radio-_en_Televisieomroep" class="mw-redirect" title="Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep">VRT</a>'s main television station in the <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, used a team of four staff announcers, who performed in-vision and out-of-vision continuity links. VRT's children's station, <a href="/wiki/Ketnet" title="Ketnet">Ketnet</a>, also utilised in-vision continuity with announcing staff known on-air as <i>Ketnetwrappers</i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/VTM_(TV_channel)" title="VTM (TV channel)">Vtm</a>, the main commercial television channel in Flanders, uses live out-of-vision announcers. The station utilised in-vision continuity until January 2008. <i>vtm'</i>s sister station, <i><a href="/wiki/2BE_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="2BE (TV channel)">2BE</a></i>, only utilises pre-recorded voiceovers. </p><p>Both of <a href="/wiki/SBS_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="SBS Broadcasting">SBS Belgium</a>'s television stations, <a href="/wiki/VIER" class="mw-redirect" title="VIER">VIER</a> and <a href="/wiki/VIJF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIJF">VIJF</a> no longer use any continuity announcers following the rebranding of the networks from VT4 and VIJFtv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">CCTV</a> had offered in-vision continuity. However, this kind of segment has been withdrawn in recent years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a> television, in-vision continuity was used until the mid-1990s. In-vision continuity announcers are known in German as <i>Ansager</i> for a male announcer or <i>Ansagerin</i> for a female announcer. Some stations still use pre-recorded voiceovers, or use voiceovers for promos only. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ireland">Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All domestic terrestrial channels in Ireland make use of continuity announcers, mainly to introduce programmes, promote forthcoming programmes, provide information relating to the programme just broadcast and, in the case of stations with sister channels, cross-promote programmes on the other channel (such as linking between <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a> One and Two, or TV3 and <a href="/wiki/3e" class="mw-redirect" title="3e">3e</a>). </p><p><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_One" title="RTÉ One">RTÉ One</a> used in-vision continuity on a regular basis until August 1995<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and briefly reprieved the practice during the Christmas holidays and for overnight programmes in the late 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Two" class="mw-redirect" title="RTÉ Two">RTÉ Two</a> used in-vision continuity announcers from its launch in November 1978 until shortly before the channel relaunched as Network 2 a decade later.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In-vision links were reprised on the channel, during the evening schedule, from 1997 to 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From January 2008, the daytime schedule on <a href="/wiki/TV3_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="TV3 Ireland">TV3</a> launched with two new in-vision continuity announcers, Conor Clear and Andrea Hayes.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/TG4" title="TG4">TG4</a> makes regular use of in-vision continuity during its evening schedule.<sup id="cite_ref-TG3-Christmas-2007_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TG3-Christmas-2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station's announcers also present weather forecasts in-vision, and often mention forthcoming programmes during the weather bulletins.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Continuity announcers appeared in-vision on the three main <a href="/wiki/RAI" title="RAI">RAI</a> channels, where female continuity announcers are known as <i>signorine buonasera</i> (or 'good evening ladies'), until 31 May 2016, although by that time, their role was much more marginal than it used to be. Past continuity announcers such as <a href="/wiki/Nicoletta_Orsomando" title="Nicoletta Orsomando">Nicoletta Orsomando</a> or Rosanna Vaudetti are regarded today as cultural icons of the 1960s, particularly because of their impeccable elegance and perfect pronunciation of <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>. From 2003 until 2016, all in-vision links on <a href="/wiki/Rai_1" title="Rai 1">Rai 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rai_2" title="Rai 2">Rai 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rai_3" title="Rai 3">Rai 3</a> had been pre-recorded by a smaller team of station announcers. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rai_1" title="Rai 1">Rai 1</a> </p> <ul><li>Claudia Andreatti</li> <li>Elisa Silvestrin</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rai_2" title="Rai 2">Rai 2</a> </p> <ul><li>Alessandra Canale</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rai_3" title="Rai 3">Rai 3</a> </p> <ul><li>Alessia Patacconi</li> <li>Sarita Agnes Rossi</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Other Italian channels such as <a href="/wiki/Retequattro" class="mw-redirect" title="Retequattro">Retequattro</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canale_5" title="Canale 5">Canale 5</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Italia_1" title="Italia 1">Italia 1</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also used their own team of <i>signorine buonasera</i> in the 1980s and 1990s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan, continuity segments on most TV stations are done by airing a program specifically for program promotion which is called <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">番宣番組</span></span>, <i>bansen bangumi</i>)</span> which airs for a few minutes or longer. They are produced by the stations themselves and air at certain periods of the day and act as program fillers. The station's announcers present the program and introduce its upcoming programs on the station by airing clips from the program or air a promo. Some of the <i>bansen bangumi</i> are NHK Premap on <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="USSR_and_Russia">USSR and Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: USSR and Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Central_Television" title="Soviet Central Television">Soviet Central Television</a> widely used in-vision continuity announcers (which were usually called <i>diktor</i>, can be translated as <i>announcer</i> or <i>speaker</i>) between programmes to tell the viewers about forthcoming programmes, changes in the schedule, or to read the whole schedule for the remainder of current day or for the next day. After USSR collapse, Soviet TV succeeding networks <a href="/wiki/Channel_One_Russia" title="Channel One Russia">Channel One Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Russia 1">Russia 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/2%C3%972_(TV_channel)" title="2×2 (TV channel)">2x2</a> also used in-vision continuity announcers until 1995, but then they all decided to reduce their announcer departments, and replace continuities with on-screen graphics and textual messages. Some local TV stations, mainly regional representatives of <a href="/wiki/All-Russia_State_Television_and_Radio_Broadcasting_Company" title="All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company">VGTRK</a>, used in-vision continuity announcers further, until early 2000s, but also replaced them with different types of on-screen messages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Korea">North Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: North Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Korean_Central_Television" title="Korean Central Television">Korean Central Television</a> still offers in-vision continuity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Sweden, a continuity announcer (or <i>programme presenter</i>) is informally known as a <i>hallåa</i>, which roughly means "helloer". This comes from the early days of radio when the main station in Stockholm contacted the other stations around the country by calling "hallå, hallå". Continuity announcers have been present on Swedish public television since November 1957. Initially, Sveriges Radio employed a team of both male and female announcers, but in the 1960s, the announcers became almost solely female.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Male announcers returned in the 1970s. </p><p>Both Kanal 1 and TV2, as well as the educational television service UR, continued to use in-vision announcers from the 1970s through to the 1990s, except for a few years in the early nineties when Kanal 1 (now <a href="/wiki/SVT1" title="SVT1">SVT1</a>) switched to out-of-vision continuity. In a cost-cutting exercise, SVT decided to drop live in-vision announcing from <a href="/wiki/SVT2" title="SVT2">SVT2</a> in January 2005 and introduced pre-recorded voice-overs by SVT's announcing staff. The educational broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Utbildningsradion" class="mw-redirect" title="Utbildningsradion">UR</a> dropped in-vision announcers by the end of 2006. A further review of SVT presentation led to the end of in-vision continuity on SVT1 on Sunday 4 March 2012. All SVT stations now use out-of-vision announcers. </p><p>The largest commercial channel, <a href="/wiki/TV4_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="TV4 Sweden">TV4</a> has utilised in-vision announcers since it began broadcasting in 1990. Most other commercial channels broadcast from London and use out-of-vision announcers. Private channels with out-of-vision announcers include <a href="/wiki/TV3_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="TV3 (Sweden)">TV3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanal_5_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanal 5 (Sweden)">Kanal 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/TV6_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="TV6 Sweden">TV6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanal_9" title="Kanal 9">Kanal 9</a> and <a href="/wiki/TV4_Plus" class="mw-redirect" title="TV4 Plus">TV4 Plus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southeast_Asia">Southeast Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Southeast Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today, in-vision announcers are used in Southeast Asia, especially in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. </p><p>This list is Southeast Asian channels still using in-vision announcers: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Channel_3_(Cambodia)" title="Channel 3 (Cambodia)">TV3</a> (program menu also used), <a href="/wiki/TV5_Cambodia" title="TV5 Cambodia">TV5</a> (military announcer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lao_National_Television" title="Lao National Television">Lao National Television</a> (not used as usual)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>: <a href="/wiki/Channel_7_(Thailand)" title="Channel 7 (Thailand)">TV7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Channel_3_(Thailand)" title="Channel 3 (Thailand)">TV3</a> (Program menu also used, After 2011 Program menu appears at right of announcer.), <a href="/wiki/Channel_5_(Thailand)" title="Channel 5 (Thailand)">TV5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%ACnh_Thu%E1%BA%ADn_Television&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bình Thuận Television (page does not exist)">Bình Thuận Television</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taiwan">Taiwan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pre-recorded continuity announcements are offered on the TV channels in Taiwan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Continuity_announcers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Continuity announcers in the United Kingdom">Continuity announcers in the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>Continuity announcers are frequently used in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. In general, continuity announcers are broadcast live on terrestrial television channels (<a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a>, etc.), whereas pre-recorded announcements are used most of the time on digital and satellite channels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Not all major networks use continuity, although <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> uses pre-recorded continuity for prime time broadcasts, and most of the continuity announcements are usually those in the middle of programs. From the late 1970s until the mid-1990s, <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Anderson" title="Ernie Anderson">Ernie Anderson</a> was known as "The Voice of <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC-TV</a>" and served as the promotional voice and continuity announcer for the network.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> None of the major networks use in-vision continuity. Most of the continuity announcements are usually recorded for promos for upcoming programs while some are placed before an upcoming program. Since the mid-1990s, it has also been common for networks to place trailers promoting upcoming programs during the preceding program's credits (known in some circles as "generic credits", "split-screen credits", "squeezed credits" or "credit crunch"). In most cases, networks and TV stations do not give out any information about the next program and would go straight to it without any introduction. In addition to showing promotional content for upcoming programs and those about the program (such as showing a preview on the upcoming episode of a preceding program), most stations with a newscast also show a brief promotion of upcoming newscasts, some of which would be broadcast directly from the news studio itself. </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> member stations and networks, most notably <a href="/wiki/WNET" title="WNET">WNET</a> during the 1980s, also use continuity announcers although continuity in the present day is either pre-recorded or retired in favor of promotions for other programs in between programs.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bumper_music" title="Bumper music">Bumper music</a>, a similarly functioning idea used in <a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">talk radio</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copywriting" title="Copywriting">Copywriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flow_(television)" title="Flow (television)">Flow (television)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice-tracking" title="Voice-tracking">Voice-tracking</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuity_(broadcasting)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TG3-Christmas-2007-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TG3-Christmas-2007_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TG3-Christmas-2007_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/tg-4-99-05.html">"TG4 Christmas Presentation 2007"</a>. The TV Room. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TG4+Christmas+Presentation+2007&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Ftg-4-99-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216230607/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/tg-4-02-10.html">"TG4 – September 1999 – January 2004, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/tg-4-02-10.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TG4+%E2%80%93+September+1999+%E2%80%93+January+2004%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Ftg-4-02-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070529115937/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/International/norway/nrk1.html">"NRK1 presentation"</a>. TV Ark. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/International/norway/nrk1.html">the original</a> on 29 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NRK1+presentation&rft.pub=TV+Ark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.tv-ark.org.uk%2FInternational%2Fnorway%2Fnrk1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4oCjwsIvG4">"CBeebies – In-Vision Continuity: 11th February 2012"</a>. 14 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CBeebies+%E2%80%93+In-Vision+Continuity%3A+11th+February+2012&rft.date=2012-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Du4oCjwsIvG4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friends.ca/news-item/2515">"CBC radio reconsiders its audience, reinvents itself and cues up 'Q'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Ottawa Citizen</i>. Friends of Canadian Broadcasting. 22 April 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=CBC+radio+reconsiders+its+audience%2C+reinvents+itself+and+cues+up+%27Q%27&rft.date=2007-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friends.ca%2Fnews-item%2F2515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-04-01.html">"RTÉ One Presentation 1993-1995"</a>. The TV Room<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+One+Presentation+1993-1995&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-1-04-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216220506/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-25-10.html">"RTÉ One: September 1993 – September 1995, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-25-10.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+One%3A+September+1993+%E2%80%93+September+1995%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-1-25-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-06-01.html">"RTÉ One Presentation 1998-2000"</a>. The TV Room<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+One+Presentation+1998-2000&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-1-06-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216215328/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-35-10.html">"RTÉ One: September 1998 – September 2000, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-1-35-10.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+One%3A+September+1998+%E2%80%93+September+2000%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-1-35-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120914000052/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-01-01.html">"RTÉ Two Presentation 1978-1984"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-01-01.html">the original</a> on 14 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+Two+Presentation+1978-1984&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-01-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216220222/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-01-05.html">"RTÉ Two: November 1978 – 1984, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-01-05.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+Two%3A+November+1978+%E2%80%93+1984%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-01-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120912183334/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-02-01.html">"RTÉ Two Presentation 1984-1987"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-02-01.html">the original</a> on 12 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+Two+Presentation+1984-1987&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-02-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216215721/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-02-05.html">"RTÉ Two: 1984 – January 1987, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-02-05.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+Two%3A+1984+%E2%80%93+January+1987%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-02-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-06-02.html">"Network 2 In-Vision Continuity 1997-2002"</a>. The TV Room<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Network+2+In-Vision+Continuity+1997-2002&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-06-02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216221212/http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-50-50.html">"RTÉ Network 2: October 1997 – May 2002, In-Vision Continuity [1]"</a>. The TV Room. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetvroom.com/irish/rte-2-50-50.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+Network+2%3A+October+1997+%E2%80%93+May+2002%2C+In-Vision+Continuity+%5B1%5D&rft.pub=The+TV+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetvroom.com%2Firish%2Frte-2-50-50.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tv3.ie/media.php?action=news&id=139">"TV3 follows strong 2007 with more Irish programming than ever in 2008"</a>. <i>Media Room</i>. TV3 Ireland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Media+Room&rft.atitle=TV3+follows+strong+2007+with+more+Irish+programming+than+ever+in+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tv3.ie%2Fmedia.php%3Faction%3Dnews%26id%3D139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080630063745/http://www.tg4.ie/Bearla/aims/aims.htm">"An Aimsir Láithreach"</a>. TG4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tg4.ie/Bearla/Aims/aims.htm">the original</a> on 30 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Aimsir+L%C3%A1ithreach&rft.pub=TG4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tg4.ie%2FBearla%2FAims%2Faims.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512221350/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVZb7702NEE">"Annunciatrice Rete 4 -..."</a> 1985. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVZb7702NEE">the original</a> on 12 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annunciatrice+Rete+4+-...&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DVVZb7702NEE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160416223627/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCg5d9S16lQ">"Rete 4 in-vision continuity"</a>. 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCg5d9S16lQ">the original</a> on 16 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rete+4+in-vision+continuity&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DhCg5d9S16lQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160411013113/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8j71OHIQqrA">"Annunciatrice Canale 5 ..."</a> 1985. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8j71OHIQqrA">the original</a> on 11 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annunciatrice+Canale+5+...&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8j71OHIQqrA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423135701/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXPSImVn3vA">"Canale 5 in-vision continuity"</a>. 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXPSImVn3vA">the original</a> on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canale+5+in-vision+continuity&rft.date=1993&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DcXPSImVn3vA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417001156/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpzkxUsugvc">"Annunciatrice Italia 1..."</a> 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpzkxUsugvc">the original</a> on 17 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annunciatrice+Italia+1...&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdpzkxUsugvc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313232034/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCvKTL_O1YE">"Italia 1 in-vision continuity"</a>. 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCvKTL_O1YE">the original</a> on 13 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2008</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Italia+1+in-vision+continuity&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DPCvKTL_O1YE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://svt.se/svt/play/video.jsp?a=707705"><i>Hvar fjortonde dag – Hallåor</i></a>, SVT, 28 November 1969</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hvar+fjortonde+dag+%E2%80%93+Hall%C3%A5or&rft.pub=SVT&rft.date=1969-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsvt.se%2Fsvt%2Fplay%2Fvideo.jsp%3Fa%3D707705&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeibel1991" class="citation news cs1">Seibel, Deborah Starr (24 October 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1991/10/24/deep-words-from-the-voice-of-america/">"Deep Words From The Voice of America"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Deep+Words+From+The+Voice+of+America&rft.date=1991-10-24&rft.aulast=Seibel&rft.aufirst=Deborah+Starr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1991%2F10%2F24%2Fdeep-words-from-the-voice-of-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N8LoVV_PJQ">"Wnet Sign off Plus 1983"</a> – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wnet+Sign+off+Plus+1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8N8LoVV_PJQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContinuity+%28broadcasting%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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