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Behaviour and ecology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Breeding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breeding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Breeding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breeding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_and_feeding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_and_feeding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Food and feeding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_and_feeding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1)" title="حوية (طائر) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حوية (طائر)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitogue" title="Pitogue – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pitogue" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Голяма кискада – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Голяма кискада" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tir%C3%A0_reial_gros" title="Tirà reial gros – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tirà reial gros" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyran_bentevi" title="Tyran bentevi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tyran bentevi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciscad%C3%AE_mawr" title="Ciscadî mawr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ciscadî mawr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwefelmaskentyrann" title="Schwefelmaskentyrann – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwefelmaskentyrann" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%CA%BCiy%C3%AD%C3%ADt%CA%BCogii_yi%C5%82_ahee%C5%82t%CA%BC%C3%A9h%C3%A9" title="Chʼiyíítʼogii yił aheełtʼéhé – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chʼiyíítʼogii yił aheełtʼéhé" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurpitango" title="Sulfurpitango – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sulfurpitango" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C_(%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87)" title="گوگردی (پرنده) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوگردی (پرنده)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyran_quiquivi" title="Tyran quiquivi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tyran quiquivi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proklavu_(Pitangus)" title="Proklavu (Pitangus) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Proklavu (Pitangus)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didysis_kiskadas" title="Didysis kiskadas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Didysis kiskadas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent%C3%A9vi" title="Bentévi – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bentévi" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="حويه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grote_kiskadie" title="Grote kiskadie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grote kiskadie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%82%A6" title="キバラオオタイランチョウ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キバラオオタイランチョウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentewi_wielki" title="Bentewi wielki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bentewi wielki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bem-te-vi" title="Bem-te-vi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bem-te-vi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Большая питанга – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Большая питанга" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naamiov%C3%A4ijy" title="Naamioväijy – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Naamioväijy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6rre_kiskadi" title="Större kiskadi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Större kiskadi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" title="Pitangus sulphuratus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pitangus sulphuratus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A3%9F%E8%9D%87%E9%9C%B8%E9%B9%9F" title="大食蝇霸鹟 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大食蝇霸鹟" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q202804#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Species of bird</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Great kiskadee </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png/220px-Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png/330px-Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png/440px-Great_Kiskadee_on_Branch.png 2x" data-file-width="2651" data-file-height="2667" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">A Great Kiskadee in Tulum, Mexico. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="43" data-mwtitle="Pitangus-3.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Pitangus-3.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/Pitangus-3.ogg/Pitangus-3.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Song and call recorded in <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, Brazil </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_status_12_November_2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn_status_12_November_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Pitangus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Passerine" title="Passerine">Passeriformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tyrant_flycatcher" title="Tyrant flycatcher">Tyrannidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Pitangus</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/William_John_Swainson" title="William John Swainson">Swainson</a>, 1827</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>P. sulphuratus</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Pitangus sulphuratus</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, 1766) <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg/220px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg/330px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg/440px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="377" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Lanius sulphuratus</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Linnaeus, 1766</span></li> <li><i>Saurophagus sulphuratus</i> <small>Swainson, 1832</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>great kiskadee</b> (<i><b>Pitangus sulphuratus</b></i>), called <i><b>bem-te-vi</b></i> in Brazil, <i><b>pitogue</b></i> in Paraguay, <i><b>benteveo</b></i> or <i><b>bichofeo</b></i> in Argentina, and <i><b>luis bienteveo</b></i>, <i><b>pitabil</b></i>, <i><b>luis grande</b></i> or <i><b>chilera</b></i> in Mexico, is a <a href="/wiki/Passerine" title="Passerine">passerine</a> bird in the <a href="/wiki/Tyrant_flycatcher" title="Tyrant flycatcher">tyrant flycatcher</a> family <a href="/wiki/Tyrannidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannidae">Tyrannidae</a>. It is the only member of the genus <i><b>Pitangus</b></i>. </p><p>It breeds in open woodland with some tall trees, including cultivation and around human habitation. It is mainly found in <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Lower Rio Grande Valley</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, and northern <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>. Cited in Liberia, Guanacaste, Costa Rica in December 2022. Occurs throughout <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> (especially the central and south-southeastern regions) south to <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> and central <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> coastline, and <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a>. It was <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> in 1957, and to <a href="/wiki/Tobago" title="Tobago">Tobago</a> in about 1970. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The great kiskadee was described and illustrated in 1648 by the German naturalist <a href="/wiki/Georg_Marcgrave" title="Georg Marcgrave">Georg Marcgrave</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Naturalis_Brasiliae" title="Historia Naturalis Brasiliae">Historia Naturalis Brasiliae</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He used the name <span title="Tupinambá-language text"><i lang="tpn">Pitangua-guacu</i></span>, the word for a large flycatcher in the <a href="/wiki/Tupi_language" title="Tupi language">Tupi language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1760 the French zoologist <a href="/wiki/Mathurin_Jacques_Brisson" title="Mathurin Jacques Brisson">Mathurin Jacques Brisson</a> included a description of the species in his <i>Ornithologie</i> based on a specimen collected in <a href="/wiki/Cayenne" title="Cayenne">Cayenne</a>, French Guiana. He used the French name <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">La Pie-Griesche jaune de Cayenne</i></span> and the Latin name <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Lanius Cayanensis Luteus</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-brisson_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brisson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the <a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">binomial system</a> and are not recognised by the <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Zoological_Nomenclature" title="International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature">International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-allen_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allen-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Swedish naturalist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> updated his <i><a href="/wiki/Systema_Naturae" title="Systema Naturae">Systema Naturae</a></i> for the <a href="/wiki/12th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae" title="12th edition of Systema Naturae">twelfth edition</a> in 1766 he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson in his <i>Ornithologie</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-allen_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allen-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of these was the great kiskadee. Linnaeus included a terse description, coined the <a href="/wiki/Binomial_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Binomial name">binomial name</a> <i>Lanius sulphuratus,</i> and cited Brisson's work.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The specific name <i>sulphuratus</i> is Latin for '<a href="/wiki/Sulphur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulphur">sulphur</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word had been used by Brisson in describing the yellow colour of the underparts of the bird.<sup id="cite_ref-brisson_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brisson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The great kiskadee is now the only species placed in the genus <i>Pitangus</i> that was introduced by the English naturalist <a href="/wiki/William_John_Swainson" title="William John Swainson">William Swainson</a> in 1827.<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Lesser_kiskadee" title="Lesser kiskadee">lesser kiskadee</a> was at one time also placed in <i>Pitangus</i> but in 1984 the American ornithologist <a href="/wiki/Wesley_E._Lanyon" title="Wesley E. Lanyon">Wesley E. Lanyon</a> moved the lesser kiskadee to its own <a href="/wiki/Monotypic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotypic">monotypic</a> genus <i>Philohydor</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has been accepted by some ornithologists,<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but not all.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bird was formerly also known as the Derby flycatcher.<sup id="cite_ref-bow_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bow-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ten <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> are recognised:<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>P. s. texanus</i> <a href="/wiki/Adriaan_Joseph_van_Rossem" title="Adriaan Joseph van Rossem">van Rossem</a>, 1940 – south Texas to east Mexico</li> <li><i>P. s. derbianus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Kaup" title="Johann Jakob Kaup">Kaup</a>, 1852) – west Mexico</li> <li><i>P. s. guatimalensis</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_de_Lafresnaye" title="Frédéric de Lafresnaye">Lafresnaye</a>, 1852) – southeast Mexico to central Panama</li> <li><i>P. s. rufipennis</i> (Lafresnaye, 1851) – north Colombia and north Venezuela</li> <li><i>P. s. caucensis</i> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Chapman_(ornithologist)" title="Frank Chapman (ornithologist)">Chapman</a>, 1914 – west and south Colombia</li> <li><i>P. s. trinitatis</i> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Eduard_Hellmayr" title="Carl Eduard Hellmayr">Hellmayr</a>, 1906 – east Colombia, south and east Venezuela and northwest Brazil, Trinidad</li> <li><i>P. s. sulphuratus</i> (Linnaeus, 1766) – the Guianas and north, west, central Amazonian Brazil, southeast Colombia, and east Ecuador to southeast Peru</li> <li><i>P. s. maximiliani</i> (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Cabanis" title="Jean Cabanis">Cabanis</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Heine" title="Ferdinand Heine">Heine</a>, 1859) – north, east Bolivia and west, central Paraguay to east and south Brazil</li> <li><i>P. s. bolivianus</i> (Lafresnaye, 1852) – central Bolivia</li> <li><i>P. s. argentinus</i> <a href="/wiki/W._E._Clyde_Todd" title="W. E. Clyde Todd">Todd</a>, 1952 – east Paraguay, southeast Brazil, and Uruguay to central Argentina</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The adult great kiskadee is one of the largest of the <a href="/wiki/Tyrant_flycatcher" title="Tyrant flycatcher">tyrant flycatchers</a>. It is 25 to 28 cm (9.8 to 11.0 in) in length and weighs 53 to 71.5 g (1.87 to 2.52 oz).<sup id="cite_ref-hbw_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The head is black with a strong white <a href="/wiki/Supercilium" title="Supercilium">supercilium</a> and a concealed yellow crown stripe. The upperparts are brown, and the wings and tail are brown with usually strong <a href="/wiki/Rufous" title="Rufous">rufous</a> fringes. The bill is short, thick, and black in color. The similar <a href="/wiki/Boat-billed_flycatcher" title="Boat-billed flycatcher">boat-billed flycatcher</a> (<i>Megarynchus pitangua</i>) has a more massive black bill, an olive-brown back, and very little rufous in the tail and wings. A few other tyrant flycatchers — the <a href="/wiki/Social_flycatcher" title="Social flycatcher">social flycatcher</a> (<i>Myiozetetes similis</i>), for example — share a similar color pattern, but these species are markedly smaller. </p><p>The call is an exuberant <i>BEE-tee-WEE</i>, and the bird has an <a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia">onomatopoeic</a> name in different languages and countries: In <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> its popular name is <i>bem-te-vi</i> ("I saw you well") and in Spanish-speaking countries it is often <i>bien-te-veo</i> ("I see you well") and sometimes shortened to <i>benteveo</i>. In <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> it is called "cristofué" or "Christ did it".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The great kiskadee occupies a wide range of habitats, from open grassland with scattered trees to urban areas. Its range extends from the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Lower Rio Grande Valley</a> in southern Texas south through <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> to southern Argentina. It does not occur in Chile.<sup id="cite_ref-hbw_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The great kiskadee was <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> to Bermuda in 1957. Two hundred birds were imported from Trinidad in an attempt to control the number of lizards, especially the tree lizard (<i><a href="/wiki/Anolis_grahami" title="Anolis grahami">Anolis grahami</a></i>) which had itself been introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The birds bred successfully and by 1976 the population on the island had expanded to around 60,000.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The great kiskadee is omnivorous and has failed to control the number of lizards.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour_and_ecology">Behaviour and ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Behaviour and ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The great kiskadee is a common, noisy, and conspicuous bird. It is almost <a href="/wiki/Omnivore" title="Omnivore">omnivorous</a> and hunts like a <a href="/wiki/Shrike" title="Shrike">shrike</a> or flycatcher, waiting on an open perch high in a tree to <a href="/wiki/Hawking_(birds)" title="Hawking (birds)">sally out</a> and catch <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a> in flight or to pounce upon <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a> and similar small <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrates</a> (such as other birds' chicks and <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bats</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It will also take prey (such as small <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lizard" title="Lizard">lizards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a>, perched insects, <a href="/wiki/Spider" title="Spider">spiders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">millipedes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Land_snail" title="Land snail">land snails</a>) and some <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seeds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a> from vegetation by <a href="/wiki/Gleaning_(birds)" title="Gleaning (birds)">gleaning</a> and jumping for it or ripping it off in mid-hover, and occasionally dives for <a href="/wiki/Freshwater_snail" title="Freshwater snail">freshwater snails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tadpole" title="Tadpole">tadpoles</a> in shallow water, making it one of the few fishing <a href="/wiki/Passerine" title="Passerine">passerines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also visits feeding stations to eat <a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">bread</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dog_food" title="Dog food">dog food</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">bananas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peanut_butter" title="Peanut butter">peanut butter</a>/seed mixture.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kiskadees like to hunt on their own or in pairs, and though they might be expected to make good use of prey flushed by but too large for the smaller birds of the <a href="/wiki/Understory" title="Understory">understory</a>, they do not seem to join <a href="/wiki/Mixed-species_feeding_flock" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed-species feeding flock">mixed-species feeding flocks</a> very often. When they do, they hunt in the familiar manner. Such opportunistic feeding behavior makes it one of the most common birds in <a href="/wiki/Urban_wildlife" title="Urban wildlife">urban areas</a> around <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>; its flashy belly and its shrill call make it one of the most conspicuous.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breeding">Breeding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Breeding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Great kiskadees are monogamous and defend a territory. Both sexes build a large domed nest that has a side entrance.<sup id="cite_ref-llambias_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-llambias-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is chiefly composed of grasses and small twigs but can also incorporate lichen, string, and plastic.<sup id="cite_ref-vanrossem_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vanrossem-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The birds will steal material from other nests.<sup id="cite_ref-llambias_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-llambias-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nest is placed in a wide range of sites, often in an exposed position high up in a tree or on man-made structures.<sup id="cite_ref-hbw_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vanrossem_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vanrossem-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Occasionally the nest is placed in a cavity.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The clutch is 3 to 4 eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-hbw_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are moderately glossy, light yellowish cream in colour with purplish black and purplish brown spots. The average size is 27.9 mm × 20.0 mm (1.10 in × 0.79 in).<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only the female incubates the eggs; the male guards the nest while she leaves the nest to feed.<sup id="cite_ref-llambias_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-llambias-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eggs hatch after 16–17 days. The chicks are fed by both parents and fledge after 17–18 days.<sup id="cite_ref-hbw_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_and_feeding">Food and feeding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Food and feeding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This alert and aggressive bird has a strong and maneuverable flight, which it uses to good effect when it feels annoyed by <a href="/wiki/Bird_of_prey" title="Bird of prey">raptors</a>. Even much larger birds are attacked by the great kiskadee, usually by diving down or zooming straight at them while they are in mid-air. Harsh calls are also often given during these attacks, alerting all potential prey in the area of the <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">predator</a>'s presence. If not very hungry, any raptor subject to a great kiskadee's <a href="/wiki/Mobbing_behavior" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobbing behavior">mobbing behavior</a> is likely to leave, as it is well-nigh impossible to make a good catch when subject to the <a href="/wiki/Tyrant_flycatcher" title="Tyrant flycatcher">tyrant flycatcher</a>'s unwelcome attention. In general, avian predators are liable to steer clear of an alert great kiskadee, lest their hunting success be spoiled, and will hunt the great kiskadee itself – though it is as meaty as a fat <a href="/wiki/Thrush_(bird)" title="Thrush (bird)">thrush</a> – only opportunistically. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg/220px-Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg/330px-Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg/440px-Myiozetetes-similis-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>One of the diverse tyrant flycatchers resembling the great kiskadee in color is the aptly named <a href="/wiki/Social_flycatcher" title="Social flycatcher"><i>Myiozetetes similis</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>To <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammalian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Squamata" title="Squamata">squamate</a> <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">predators</a> that can sneak up on the nesting or sleeping birds, it is more vulnerable, however. Even <a href="/wiki/Omnivore" title="Omnivore">omnivorous</a> <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a> as small as the <a href="/wiki/Common_marmoset" title="Common marmoset">common marmoset</a> (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>) will try to plunder great kiskadee nests – at least during the <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry season</a> when fruits are scarce – despite the birds' attempts to defend their offspring.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of two birds studied in the <a href="/wiki/Parque_Nacional_de_La_Macarena" class="mw-redirect" title="Parque Nacional de La Macarena">Parque Nacional de La Macarena</a> of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> was <a href="/wiki/Parasitism" title="Parasitism">parasitized</a> by <a href="/wiki/Microfilaria" title="Microfilaria">microfilariae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status">Status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Not being appreciated as a <a href="/wiki/Songbird" title="Songbird">songbird</a>, the great kiskadee is not usually kept caged and therefore has escaped the depredations of <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Pet" title="Pet">pet</a> trade. Also, its feeding mostly on live prey makes it extremely difficult to keep in captivity. It is not considered threatened by the <a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature" title="International Union for Conservation of Nature">IUCN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_status_12_November_2021_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn_status_12_November_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_kiskadee_(Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="P. s. maximiliani Brazil"><img alt="P. s. maximiliani Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg/120px-Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg/180px-Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg/240px-Great_kiskadee_%28Pitangus_sulphuratus_maximiliani%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2771" data-file-height="1848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>P. s. maximiliani</i><br />Brazil</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="possibly from Trinidad and Tobago"><img alt="possibly from Trinidad and Tobago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg/120px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg/180px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg/240px-Pitangus_sulphuratus_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3184" data-file-height="3187" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">possibly from Trinidad and Tobago</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benteveo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Montevideo, Uruguay"><img alt="Montevideo, Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Benteveo.jpg/120px-Benteveo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Benteveo.jpg/180px-Benteveo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Benteveo.jpg/240px-Benteveo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beeville, Texas"><img alt="Beeville, Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg/120px-Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg/180px-Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg/240px-Great_Kiskadee_South_Texas_July_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Beeville,_Texas" title="Beeville, Texas">Beeville, Texas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="eggs from a nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica"><img alt="eggs from a nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG/120px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG/180px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG/240px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_eggs.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">eggs from a nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica"><img alt="nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG/120px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG/180px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG/240px-Great_Kisakadee_Pitangus_sulphuratus_nest.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">nest near El Copey de Dota, Costa Rica</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output 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(identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22700605A132069895.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22700605A132069895.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Pitangus+sulphuratus&rft.volume=2018&rft.pages=e.T22700605A132069895&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22700605A132069895.en&rft.au=BirdLife+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F22700605%2F132069895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><span class="smallcaps">Linnaeus, 1766</span>. <i>[Lanius] sulphuratus</i> (protonym). 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Lugdun and Batavorum (London and Leiden): Franciscum Hackium and Elzevirium. p. 216.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+Naturalis+Brasiliae&rft.place=Lugdun+and+Batavorum+%28London+and+Leiden%29&rft.pages=216&rft.pub=Franciscum+Hackium+and+Elzevirium&rft.date=1648&rft.aulast=Marcgrave&rft.aufirst=Georg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F289309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJobling2010" class="citation book cs1">Jobling, James A. 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London: Christopher Helm. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n308">308</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-2501-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-2501-4"><bdi>978-1-4081-2501-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Helm+Dictionary+of+Scientific+Bird+Names&rft.place=London&rft.pages=308&rft.pub=Christopher+Helm&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4&rft.aulast=Jobling&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FHelm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brisson-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brisson_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brisson_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrisson1760" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Mathurin_Jacques_Brisson" title="Mathurin Jacques Brisson">Brisson, Mathurin Jacques</a> (1760). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36011400"><i>Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés</i></a> (in French and Latin). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Bird+List+Version+7.3&rft.atitle=Tyrant+flycatchers&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbirdnames.org%2Fbow%2Fflycatchers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwainson1827" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_John_Swainson" title="William John Swainson">Swainson, William</a> (1827). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27485691">"On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined"</a>. <i>Zoological Journal</i>. <b>3</b>: 158–175 [165].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoological+Journal&rft.atitle=On+several+groups+and+forms+in+ornithology%2C+not+hitherto+defined&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=158-175+165&rft.date=1827&rft.aulast=Swainson&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F27485691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanyon1984" class="citation book cs1">Lanyon, Wesley Edwin (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5271"><i>A phylogeny of the kingbirds and their allies</i></a>. American Museum Novitates, Number 2797. New York: American Museum of Natural History. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2246%2F5271">2246/5271</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+phylogeny+of+the+kingbirds+and+their+allies&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=American+Museum+Novitates%2C+Number+2797&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=American+Museum+of+Natural+History&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2246%2F5271&rft.aulast=Lanyon&rft.aufirst=Wesley+Edwin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.amnh.org%2Fhandle%2F2246%2F5271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzpatrick2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/John_W._Fitzpatrick" title="John W. Fitzpatrick">Fitzpatrick, J.W.</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/170">"Family Tyrannidae (Tyrant-Flycatchers)"</a>. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A. (eds.). <i>Handbook of the Birds of the World</i>. Vol. 9 : Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/170">170–462</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-69-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-69-6"><bdi>978-84-87334-69-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Family+Tyrannidae+%28Tyrant-Flycatchers%29&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pages=170-462&rft.pub=Lynx+Edicions&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-84-87334-69-6&rft.aulast=Fitzpatrick&rft.aufirst=J.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhandbookofbirdso0001unse%2Fpage%2F170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickinsonChristidis2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Dickinson" title="Edward C. Dickinson">Dickinson, E.C.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Christidis" title="Leslie Christidis">Christidis, L.</a>, eds. (2014). <i>The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World</i>. Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9568611-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9568611-2-2"><bdi>978-0-9568611-2-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Howard+%26+Moore+Complete+Checklist+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.place=Eastbourne%2C+UK&rft.pages=48&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Aves+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-9568611-2-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bow-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bow_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrushFitzpatrick2020" class="citation journal cs1">Brush, T.; Fitzpatrick, J.W. (2020). Poole, A.F.; Gill, F.B. (eds.). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grekis.01">"Great Kiskadee (<i>Pitangus sulphuratus</i>), version 1.0"</a></span>. <i>Birds of the World</i>. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01">10.2173/bow.grekis.01</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birds+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29%2C+version+1.0&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rft.aulast=Brush&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Fitzpatrick%2C+J.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hbw-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hbw_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hbw_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hbw_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hbw_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hbw_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMobley2020" class="citation journal cs1">Mobley, J. (2020). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hbw.com/node/57461">"Great Kiskadee (<i>Pitangus sulphuratus</i>)"</a></span>. <i>Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive</i>. Lynx Edicions. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01">10.2173/bow.grekis.01</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216275683">216275683</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Handbook+of+the+Birds+of+the+World+Alive&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A216275683%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Mobley&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbw.com%2Fnode%2F57461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarwin1839" class="citation book cs1">Darwin, Charles R. (1839). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45333283"><i>Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe</i></a>. Vol. 3. London: Henry Colburn. p. 62. <q>The <i>Saurophagus sulphureus</i> is typical of the great American tribe of Tyrant-flycatchers. [...] In the evening the Saurophagus takes its stand on a bush, often by the road-side, and continually repeats, without change, a shrill and rather agreeable cry, which somewhat resembles articulate words. The Spaniards say it is like the words, "Bien te veo "(I see you well), and accordingly have given it this name.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrative+of+the+surveying+voyages+of+His+Majesty%27s+Ships+Adventure+and+Beagle+between+the+years+1826+and+1836%2C+describing+their+examination+of+the+southern+shores+of+South+America%2C+and+the+Beagle%27s+circumnavigation+of+the+globe&rft.place=London&rft.pages=62&rft.pub=Henry+Colburn&rft.date=1839&rft.aulast=Darwin&rft.aufirst=Charles+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F45333283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLepage" class="citation web cs1">Lepage, Denis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=9C883C7BCFAEB70D">"Great Kiskadee"</a>. Avibase<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Kiskadee&rft.pub=Avibase&rft.aulast=Lepage&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Favibase.bsc-eoc.org%2Fspecies.jsp%3Flang%3DEN%26avibaseid%3D9C883C7BCFAEB70D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennettHughes1959" class="citation journal cs1">Bennett, F.D.; Hughes, I.W. (1959). "Biological control of insect pests in Bermuda". <i>Bulletin of Entomological Research</i>. <b>50</b> (3): 423–436. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0007485300053025">10.1017/S0007485300053025</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Entomological+Research&rft.atitle=Biological+control+of+insect+pests+in+Bermuda&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=423-436&rft.date=1959&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0007485300053025&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=F.D.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+I.W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowellCrowell1976" class="citation journal cs1">Crowell, K.; Crowell, M. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/6483">"Bermuda's abundant, beleaguered birds"</a>. <i>Natural History</i>. <b>85</b> (8, October): 48–56. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2246%2F6483">2246/6483</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+History&rft.atitle=Bermuda%27s+abundant%2C+beleaguered+birds&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=8%2C+October&rft.pages=48-56&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2246%2F6483&rft.aulast=Crowell&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.au=Crowell%2C+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.amnh.org%2Fhandle%2F2246%2F6483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span> The link is to a 99 MB pdf containing 1102 pages. The article begins on page 775.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathysLockwood2009" class="citation journal cs1">Mathys, B.A.; Lockwood, J.L. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2699.2009.02169.x">"Rapid evolution of great kiskadees on Bermuda: an assessment of the ability of the island rule to predict the direction of contemporary evolution in exotic vertebrates"</a>. <i>Journal of Biogeography</i>. <b>36</b> (12): 2204–2211. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009JBiog..36.2204M">2009JBiog..36.2204M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2699.2009.02169.x">10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02169.x</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.atitle=Rapid+evolution+of+great+kiskadees+on+Bermuda%3A+an+assessment+of+the+ability+of+the+island+rule+to+predict+the+direction+of+contemporary+evolution+in+exotic+vertebrates&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2204-2211&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2699.2009.02169.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009JBiog..36.2204M&rft.aulast=Mathys&rft.aufirst=B.A.&rft.au=Lockwood%2C+J.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1365-2699.2009.02169.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pitangus_sulphuratus/">"Pitangus sulphuratus (Great kiskadee)"</a>. <i>Animaldiversity.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Animaldiversity.org&rft.atitle=Pitangus+sulphuratus+%28Great+kiskadee%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanimaldiversity.org%2Faccounts%2FPitangus_sulphuratus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrushFitzpatrick2020" class="citation journal cs1">Brush, Timothy; Fitzpatrick, John W. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grekis/cur/foodhabits">"Great Kiskadee (Pitangus sulphuratus), version 1.0"</a>. <i>Birds of the World</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01">10.2173/bow.grekis.01</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birds+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29%2C+version+1.0&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rft.aulast=Brush&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.au=Fitzpatrick%2C+John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbirdsoftheworld.org%2Fbow%2Fspecies%2Fgrekis%2Fcur%2Ffoodhabits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Pitangus_sulphuratus%20-%20Great%20Kiskadee.pdf">"Pitangus sulphuratus (Great Kiskadee)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Sta.uwi.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sta.uwi.edu&rft.atitle=Pitangus+sulphuratus+%28Great+Kiskadee%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsta.uwi.edu%2Ffst%2Flifesciences%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Flifesciences%2Fdocuments%2Fogatt%2FPitangus_sulphuratus%2520-%2520Great%2520Kiskadee.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">like tamanqueiro (<i><a href="/wiki/Alchornea_glandulosa" title="Alchornea glandulosa">Alchornea glandulosa</a></i>) or gumbo-limbo (<i><a href="/wiki/Bursera_simaruba" title="Bursera simaruba">Bursera simaruba</a></i>): Pascotto (2006), Foster (2007).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrushFitzpatrick2020" class="citation journal cs1">Brush, Timothy; Fitzpatrick, John W. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grekis/cur/foodhabits">"Great Kiskadee (Pitangus sulphuratus), version 1.0"</a>. <i>Birds of the World</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01">10.2173/bow.grekis.01</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birds+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29%2C+version+1.0&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rft.aulast=Brush&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.au=Fitzpatrick%2C+John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbirdsoftheworld.org%2Fbow%2Fspecies%2Fgrekis%2Fcur%2Ffoodhabits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrushFitzpatrick2020" class="citation journal cs1">Brush, Timothy; Fitzpatrick, John W. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grekis/cur/foodhabits">"Great Kiskadee (Pitangus sulphuratus), version 1.0"</a>. <i>Birds of the World</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01">10.2173/bow.grekis.01</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birds+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29%2C+version+1.0&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.grekis.01&rft.aulast=Brush&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.au=Fitzpatrick%2C+John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbirdsoftheworld.org%2Fbow%2Fspecies%2Fgrekis%2Fcur%2Ffoodhabits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Machado (1999), de A. Gabriel & Pizo (2005), Pascotto (2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-llambias-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-llambias_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-llambias_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-llambias_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlambíasFerretti2003" class="citation journal cs1">Llambías, P.E.; Ferretti, V. (2003). "Parental care in the Great Kiskadee". <i>Wilson Bulletin</i>. <b>115</b> (2): 214–216. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1676%2F02-113">10.1676/02-113</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85600333">85600333</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilson+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Parental+care+in+the+Great+Kiskadee&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=214-216&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1676%2F02-113&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85600333%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Llamb%C3%ADas&rft.aufirst=P.E.&rft.au=Ferretti%2C+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vanrossem-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vanrossem_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vanrossem_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Rossem1914" class="citation journal cs1">Van Rossem, Adriaan (1914). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/condor/v016n01/p0011-p0013.pdf">"Notes on the Derby Flycatcher"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Condor</i>. <b>16</b> (1): 11–13. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1362189">10.2307/1362189</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1362189">1362189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Condor&rft.atitle=Notes+on+the+Derby+Flycatcher&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=11-13&rft.date=1914&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1362189&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1362189%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Van+Rossem&rft.aufirst=Adriaan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsora.unm.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fjournals%2Fcondor%2Fv016n01%2Fp0011-p0013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaverschmidt1957" class="citation journal cs1">Haverschmidt, F. 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(1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v091n03/p0639-p0639.pdf">"Great Kiskadee nesting in an old woodpecker hole"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Auk</i>. <b>91</b> (3): 639. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4084492">10.2307/4084492</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4084492">4084492</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auk&rft.atitle=Great+Kiskadee+nesting+in+an+old+woodpecker+hole&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=639&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4084492&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4084492%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Haverschmidt&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsora.unm.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fjournals%2Fauk%2Fv091n03%2Fp0639-p0639.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLago-Paiva1996" class="citation journal cs1">Lago-Paiva, C. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v113n04/p0953-p0955.pdf">"Cavity nesting by Great Kiskadees (<i>Pitangus sulphuratus</i>): adaptation or expression of ancestral behavior"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Auk</i>. <b>113</b> (4): 953–955. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4088879">10.2307/4088879</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4088879">4088879</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auk&rft.atitle=Cavity+nesting+by+Great+Kiskadees+%28Pitangus+sulphuratus%29%3A+adaptation+or+expression+of+ancestral+behavior&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=953-955&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4088879&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4088879%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lago-Paiva&rft.aufirst=C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsora.unm.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fjournals%2Fauk%2Fv113n04%2Fp0953-p0955.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHellebrekers1942" class="citation journal cs1">Hellebrekers, W. Ph. J. (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/149306">"Revision of the Penard oölogical collection from Surinam"</a>. <i>Zoologische Mededelingen</i>. <b>24</b> (10): 240–275 [260].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoologische+Mededelingen&rft.atitle=Revision+of+the+Penard+o%C3%B6logical+collection+from+Surinam&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=240-275+260&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Hellebrekers&rft.aufirst=W.+Ph.+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.repository.naturalis.nl%2Fdocument%2F149306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">de Lyra-Neves <i>et al.</i> (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Basto <i>et al.</i> (2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">BLI (2008)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBastoRodríguezMarinkelleGutierrez2006" class="citation journal cs1">Basto, Natalia; Rodríguez, Oscar A.; Marinkelle, Cornelis J.; Gutierrez, Rafael; Matta, Nubia Estela (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/cal/v28n2/v28n2a16.pdf">"Haematozoa in birds from la Macarena National Natural Park (Colombia)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Caldasia</i>. <b>28</b> (2): 371–377.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Caldasia&rft.atitle=Haematozoa+in+birds+from+la+Macarena+National+Natural+Park+%28Colombia%29&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=371-377&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Basto&rft.aufirst=Natalia&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez%2C+Oscar+A.&rft.au=Marinkelle%2C+Cornelis+J.&rft.au=Gutierrez%2C+Rafael&rft.au=Matta%2C+Nubia+Estela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.org.co%2Fpdf%2Fcal%2Fv28n2%2Fv28n2a16.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFgabrielVagnerPizo2005" class="citation journal cs1">gabriel, De A.; Vagner; Pizo, Marco A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbzool/v22n4/a36v22n4.pdf">"Foraging behavior of tyrant flycatchers (Aves, Tyrannidae) in Brazil"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Revista Brasileira de Zoologia</i>. <b>22</b> (4): 1072–1077. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS0101-81752005000400036">10.1590/S0101-81752005000400036</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Brasileira+de+Zoologia&rft.atitle=Foraging+behavior+of+tyrant+flycatchers+%28Aves%2C+Tyrannidae%29+in+Brazil&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1072-1077&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1590%2FS0101-81752005000400036&rft.aulast=gabriel&rft.aufirst=De+A.&rft.au=Vagner&rft.au=Pizo%2C+Marco+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fpdf%2Frbzool%2Fv22n4%2Fa36v22n4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Lyra-NevesOliveiraTelino-Júniordos_Santos2007" class="citation journal cs1">de Lyra-Neves, Rachel M.; Oliveira, Maria A.B.; Telino-Júnior, Wallace R.; dos Santos, Ednilza M. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbzool/v24n3/a22v24n3.pdf">"Comportamentos interespecíficos entre <i>Callithrix jacchus</i> (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil [Interspecific behaviour between <i>Callithrix jacchus</i> (Linnaeus) (Callitrichidae, Primates) and some birds of the Atlantic forest, Pernambuco State, Brazil]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Revista Brasileira de Zoologia</i>. <b>24</b> (3): 709–716. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS0101-81752007000300022">10.1590/S0101-81752007000300022</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Brasileira+de+Zoologia&rft.atitle=Comportamentos+interespec%C3%ADficos+entre+Callithrix+jacchus+%28Linnaeus%29+%28Primates%2C+Callitrichidae%29+e+algumas+aves+de+Mata+Atl%C3%A2ntica%2C+Pernambuco%2C+Brasil+%5BInterspecific+behaviour+between+Callithrix+jacchus+%28Linnaeus%29+%28Callitrichidae%2C+Primates%29+and+some+birds+of+the+Atlantic+forest%2C+Pernambuco+State%2C+Brazil%5D&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=709-716&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1590%2FS0101-81752007000300022&rft.aulast=de+Lyra-Neves&rft.aufirst=Rachel+M.&rft.au=Oliveira%2C+Maria+A.B.&rft.au=Telino-J%C3%BAnior%2C+Wallace+R.&rft.au=dos+Santos%2C+Ednilza+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fpdf%2Frbzool%2Fv24n3%2Fa22v24n3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>ffrench, Richard; O'Neill, John Patton & Eckelberry, Don R. (1991): <i>A guide to the birds of Trinidad and Tobago</i> (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing, Ithaca, N.Y.. <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8014-9792-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8014-9792-2">0-8014-9792-2</a></small></li> <li>Hilty, Steven L. (2003): <i>Birds of Venezuela</i>. <a href="/wiki/Helm_Identification_Guides" title="Helm Identification Guides">Christopher Helm</a>, London. <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7136-6418-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7136-6418-5">0-7136-6418-5</a></small></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMachado1999" class="citation journal cs1">Machado, C.G. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbbio/v59n1/v59n1a10.pdf">"A composição dos bandos mistos de aves na Mata Atlântica da Serra de Paranapiacaba, no sudeste brasileiro [Mixed flocks of birds in Atlantic Rain Forest in Serra de Paranapiacaba, southeastern Brazil]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Revista Brasileira de Biologia</i>. <b>59</b> (1): 75–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS0034-71081999000100010">10.1590/S0034-71081999000100010</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Brasileira+de+Biologia&rft.atitle=A+composi%C3%A7%C3%A3o+dos+bandos+mistos+de+aves+na+Mata+Atl%C3%A2ntica+da+Serra+de+Paranapiacaba%2C+no+sudeste+brasileiro+%5BMixed+flocks+of+birds+in+Atlantic+Rain+Forest+in+Serra+de+Paranapiacaba%2C+southeastern+Brazil%5D&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=75-85&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1590%2FS0034-71081999000100010&rft.aulast=Machado&rft.aufirst=C.G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fpdf%2Frbbio%2Fv59n1%2Fv59n1a10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPascotto2006" class="citation journal cs1">Pascotto, Márcia Cristina (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101102015357/http://www.ararajuba.org.br/sbo/ararajuba/artigos/Volume143/ara143not5.pdf">"Avifauna dispersora de sementes de <i>Alchornea glandulosa</i> (Euphorbiaceae) em uma área de mata ciliar no estado de São Paulo [Seed dispersal of <i>Alchornea glandulosa</i> (Euphorbiaceae) by birds in a gallery forest in São Paulo, southeastern Brazil.]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia</i>. <b>14</b>: 3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ararajuba.org.br/sbo/ararajuba/artigos/Volume143/ara143not5.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-11-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Brasileira+de+Ornitologia&rft.atitle=Avifauna+dispersora+de+sementes+de+Alchornea+glandulosa+%28Euphorbiaceae%29+em+uma+%C3%A1rea+de+mata+ciliar+no+estado+de+S%C3%A3o+Paulo+%5BSeed+dispersal+of+Alchornea+glandulosa+%28Euphorbiaceae%29+by+birds+in+a+gallery+forest+in+S%C3%A3o+Paulo%2C+southeastern+Brazil.%5D.&rft.volume=14&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Pascotto&rft.aufirst=M%C3%A1rcia+Cristina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ararajuba.org.br%2Fsbo%2Fararajuba%2Fartigos%2FVolume143%2Fara143not5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+kiskadee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Stiles, F. Gary & Skutch, Alexander Frank (1989): <i>A guide to the birds of Costa Rica</i>. Comistock, Ithaca. <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8014-9600-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8014-9600-4">0-8014-9600-4</a></small></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_kiskadee&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pitangus_sulphuratus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pitangus sulphuratus">Great kiskadee</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Pitangus sulphuratus">Pitangus sulphuratus</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Pitangus-sulphuratus">Xeno-canto: audio recordings of the Great kiskadee</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bermuda-online.org/fauna.htm">Bermuda Online: Bermudian Fauna.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000919044823/http://www.bird-stamps.org/cspecies/11637100.htm">Stamps</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> (for <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">British Honduras</a>-(<a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>), <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>) at bird-stamps.org</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/great-kiskadee-pitangus-sulphuratus">"Great kiskadee media"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Bird_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Bird Collection">Internet Bird Collection</a></i>.</cite><span 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Genera_of_passerines_and_their_extinct_allies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Passeriformes" title="Template:Passeriformes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Passeriformes" title="Template talk:Passeriformes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Passeriformes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Passeriformes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Genera_of_passerines_and_their_extinct_allies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Genera of <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">passerines</a> and their extinct allies</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Birds" class="mw-redirect" title="Birds">Aves</a></li> <li>Clade: <a href="/wiki/Psittacopasseres" title="Psittacopasseres">Psittacopasseres</a></li> <li>Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Passeriformes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>incertae sedis</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Corvitalusoides" title="Corvitalusoides">Corvitalusoides</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Jamna_(bird)" title="Jamna (bird)">Jamna</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Winnicavis" title="Winnicavis">Winnicavis</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunnanus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunnanus (page does not exist)">Yunnanus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acanthisitti" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthisitti">Acanthisitti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Acanthisittidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acanthisittidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthisittidae">Acanthisittidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthisitta" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthisitta">Acanthisitta</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Dendroscansor" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendroscansor">Dendroscansor</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Kuiornis" title="Kuiornis">Kuiornis</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pachyplichas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pachyplichas">Pachyplichas</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Lyall%27s_wren" title="Lyall's wren">Traversia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenicus" title="Xenicus">Xenicus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eupasseres" class="mw-redirect" title="Eupasseres">Eupasseres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tyranni" title="Tyranni">Tyranni</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Crosnoornis" title="Crosnoornis">Crosnoornis</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Wieslochia" title="Wieslochia">Wieslochia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eurylaimides" title="Eurylaimides">Eurylaimides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calyptomenidae" title="Calyptomenidae">Calyptomenidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Calyptomena" title="Calyptomena">Calyptomena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smithornis" title="Smithornis">Smithornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eurylaimidae" title="Eurylaimidae">Eurylaimidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Corydon_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corydon (bird)">Corydon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbirhynchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cymbirhynchus">Cymbirhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eurylaimus" title="Eurylaimus">Eurylaimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psarisomus" class="mw-redirect" title="Psarisomus">Psarisomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudocalyptomena" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudocalyptomena">Pseudocalyptomena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarcophanops" title="Sarcophanops">Sarcophanops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Serilophus" title="Serilophus">Serilophus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philepittidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Philepittidae">Philepittidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Neodrepanis" title="Neodrepanis">Neodrepanis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philepitta" title="Philepitta">Philepitta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pittidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittidae">Pittidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Erythropitta" title="Erythropitta">Erythropitta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hydrornis" title="Hydrornis">Hydrornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitta" title="Pitta">Pitta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sapayoidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapayoidae">Sapayoidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sapayoa" title="Sapayoa">Sapayoa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tyrannides" title="Tyrannides">Tyrannides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>See below ↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Passeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeri">Passeri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>See below ↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Traversia lyalli"><img alt="Traversia lyalli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg/120px-XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg/180px-XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg/240px-XenicusInsularisKeulemans.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1743" data-file-height="2255" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tyrannides" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tyrannides" title="Tyrannides">Tyrannides</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conopophagidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Conopophagidae">Conopophagidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cephalopterus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cephalopterus">Cephalopterus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conopophaga" title="Conopophaga">Conopophaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pittasoma" title="Pittasoma">Pittasoma</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cotingidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cotingidae">Cotingidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ampelioides" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampelioides">Ampelioides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ampelion" title="Ampelion">Ampelion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carpodectes" title="Carpodectes">Carpodectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carpornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpornis">Carpornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conioptilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Conioptilon">Conioptilon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cotinga" title="Cotinga">Cotinga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doliornis" title="Doliornis">Doliornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnoderus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymnoderus">Gymnoderus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haematoderus" class="mw-redirect" title="Haematoderus">Haematoderus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lipaugus" title="Lipaugus">Lipaugus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Querula" class="mw-redirect" title="Querula">Querula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perissocephalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Perissocephalus">Perissocephalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phibalura" class="mw-redirect" title="Phibalura">Phibalura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenicircus" title="Phoenicircus">Phoenicircus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytotoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Phytotoma">Phytotoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pipreola" title="Pipreola">Pipreola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Porphyrolaema" class="mw-redirect" title="Porphyrolaema">Porphyrolaema</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Procnias" class="mw-redirect" title="Procnias">Procnias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyroderus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyroderus">Pyroderus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cock-of-the-rock" title="Cock-of-the-rock">Rupicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snowornis" title="Snowornis">Snowornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xipholena" title="Xipholena">Xipholena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zaratornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaratornis">Zaratornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Formicariidae" title="Formicariidae">Formicariidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chamaeza" title="Chamaeza">Chamaeza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Formicarius_(bird)" title="Formicarius (bird)">Formicarius</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Furnariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Furnariidae">Furnariidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Berlepschia" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlepschia">Berlepschia</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoseisuropsis" title="Pseudoseisuropsis">Pseudoseisuropsis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sclerurinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sclerurinae (page does not exist)">Sclerurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Geositta" title="Geositta">Geositta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sclerurus" title="Sclerurus">Sclerurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dendrocolaptinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendrocolaptinae">Dendrocolaptinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dendrocolaptini" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendrocolaptini">Dendrocolaptini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Campylorhamphus" title="Campylorhamphus">Campylorhamphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendrexetastes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendrexetastes">Dendrexetastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendrocolaptes" title="Dendrocolaptes">Dendrocolaptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendroplex" title="Dendroplex">Dendroplex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drymornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Drymornis">Drymornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drymotoxeres" class="mw-redirect" title="Drymotoxeres">Drymotoxeres</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glyphorynchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Glyphorynchus">Glyphorynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylexetastes" title="Hylexetastes">Hylexetastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lepidocolaptes" title="Lepidocolaptes">Lepidocolaptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nasica" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasica">Nasica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xiphocolaptes" title="Xiphocolaptes">Xiphocolaptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xiphorhynchus" title="Xiphorhynchus">Xiphorhynchus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sittasomini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sittasomini (page does not exist)">Sittasomini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Certhiasomus" class="mw-redirect" title="Certhiasomus">Certhiasomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendrocincla" title="Dendrocincla">Dendrocincla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deconychura" title="Deconychura">Deconychura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sittasomus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sittasomus">Sittasomus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Furnariinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Furnariinae (page does not exist)">Furnariinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenops" title="Xenops">Xenops</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pygarrhichini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pygarrhichini (page does not exist)">Pygarrhichini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Microxenops" class="mw-redirect" title="Microxenops">Microxenops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ochetorhynchus" title="Ochetorhynchus">Ochetorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pygarrhichas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygarrhichas">Pygarrhichas</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Furnariini" class="mw-redirect" title="Furnariini">Furnariini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinclodes" title="Cinclodes">Cinclodes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Furnarius" class="mw-redirect" title="Furnarius">Furnarius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geocerthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Geocerthia">Geocerthia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Limnornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Limnornis">Limnornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lochmias" class="mw-redirect" title="Lochmias">Lochmias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phleocryptes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phleocryptes">Phleocryptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Premnornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Premnornis">Premnornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudocolaptes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudocolaptes">Pseudocolaptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarphonomus" title="Tarphonomus">Tarphonomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Upucerthia" title="Upucerthia">Upucerthia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philydorini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philydorini (page does not exist)">Philydorini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anabacerthia" title="Anabacerthia">Anabacerthia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anabazenops" title="Anabazenops">Anabazenops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancistrops" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancistrops">Ancistrops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Automolus" title="Automolus">Automolus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cichlocolaptes" title="Cichlocolaptes">Cichlocolaptes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clibanornis" title="Clibanornis">Clibanornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendroma" title="Dendroma">Dendroma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heliobletus" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliobletus">Heliobletus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megaxenops" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaxenops">Megaxenops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philydor" title="Philydor">Philydor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syndactyla" title="Syndactyla">Syndactyla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thripadectes" title="Thripadectes">Thripadectes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Synallaxini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synallaxini (page does not exist)">Synallaxini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acrobatornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrobatornis">Acrobatornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anumbius" class="mw-redirect" title="Anumbius">Anumbius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aphrastura" title="Aphrastura">Aphrastura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asthenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Asthenes">Asthenes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Certhiaxis" title="Certhiaxis">Certhiaxis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coryphistera" class="mw-redirect" title="Coryphistera">Coryphistera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cranioleuca" title="Cranioleuca">Cranioleuca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hellmayrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellmayrea">Hellmayrea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptasthenura" class="mw-redirect" title="Leptasthenura">Leptasthenura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Limnoctites" title="Limnoctites">Limnoctites</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margarornis" title="Margarornis">Margarornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mazaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazaria">Mazaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metopothrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Metopothrix">Metopothrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phacellodomus" title="Phacellodomus">Phacellodomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Premnoplex" title="Premnoplex">Premnoplex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudasthenes" title="Pseudasthenes">Pseudasthenes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoseisura" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoseisura">Pseudoseisura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roraimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roraimia">Roraimia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schoeniophylax" class="mw-redirect" title="Schoeniophylax">Schoeniophylax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siptornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Siptornis">Siptornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spartonoica" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartonoica">Spartonoica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sylviorthorhynchus" title="Sylviorthorhynchus">Sylviorthorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Synallaxis" title="Synallaxis">Synallaxis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thripophaga" title="Thripophaga">Thripophaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenerpestes" title="Xenerpestes">Xenerpestes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grallariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Grallariidae">Grallariidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptopezus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptopezus">Cryptopezus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grallaria" title="Grallaria">Grallaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grallaricula" title="Grallaricula">Grallaricula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylopezus" title="Hylopezus">Hylopezus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmothera" title="Myrmothera">Myrmothera</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Melanopareiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanopareiidae">Melanopareiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Melanopareia" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanopareia">Melanopareia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pipridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipridae">Pipridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ceratopipra" title="Ceratopipra">Ceratopipra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chiroxiphia" title="Chiroxiphia">Chiroxiphia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chloropipo" title="Chloropipo">Chloropipo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corapipo" title="Corapipo">Corapipo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptopipo" title="Cryptopipo">Cryptopipo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heterocercus" title="Heterocercus">Heterocercus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ilicura" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilicura">Ilicura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lepidothrix" title="Lepidothrix">Lepidothrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machaeropterus" title="Machaeropterus">Machaeropterus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manacus" title="Manacus">Manacus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masius" class="mw-redirect" title="Masius">Masius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neopelma" title="Neopelma">Neopelma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pipra" title="Pipra">Pipra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudopipra" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudopipra">Pseudopipra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tyranneutes" title="Tyranneutes">Tyranneutes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenopipo" title="Xenopipo">Xenopipo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rhinocryptidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhinocryptidae">Rhinocryptidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acropternis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acropternis">Acropternis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eleoscytalopus" title="Eleoscytalopus">Eleoscytalopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eugralla" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugralla">Eugralla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liosceles" class="mw-redirect" title="Liosceles">Liosceles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merulaxis" title="Merulaxis">Merulaxis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Myornis">Myornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psilorhamphus" class="mw-redirect" title="Psilorhamphus">Psilorhamphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pteroptochos" title="Pteroptochos">Pteroptochos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhinocrypta" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhinocrypta">Rhinocrypta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scelorchilus" title="Scelorchilus">Scelorchilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scytalopus" title="Scytalopus">Scytalopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teledromas" class="mw-redirect" title="Teledromas">Teledromas</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thamnophilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Thamnophilidae">Thamnophilidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euchrepomidinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euchrepomidinae (page does not exist)">Euchrepomidinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Euchrepomis" title="Euchrepomis">Euchrepomis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myrmornithinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myrmornithinae (page does not exist)">Myrmornithinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmornis">Myrmornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pygiptila" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygiptila">Pygiptila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamnistes" title="Thamnistes">Thamnistes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thamnophilinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thamnophilinae (page does not exist)">Thamnophilinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Formicivorini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formicivorini (page does not exist)">Formicivorini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Formicivora" title="Formicivora">Formicivora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmochanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmochanes">Myrmochanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmotherula" title="Myrmotherula">Myrmotherula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terenura" title="Terenura">Terenura</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microrhopiini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microrhopiini (page does not exist)">Microrhopiini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ammonastes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammonastes">Ammonastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aprositornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Aprositornis">Aprositornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clytoctantes" title="Clytoctantes">Clytoctantes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epinecrophylla" class="mw-redirect" title="Epinecrophylla">Epinecrophylla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microrhopias" class="mw-redirect" title="Microrhopias">Microrhopias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmophylax" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmophylax">Myrmophylax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmorchilus" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmorchilus">Myrmorchilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neoctantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoctantes">Neoctantes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pithyini" class="mw-redirect" title="Pithyini">Pithyini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cercomacra" title="Cercomacra">Cercomacra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cercomacroides" title="Cercomacroides">Cercomacroides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drymophila" title="Drymophila">Drymophila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnopithys" title="Gymnopithys">Gymnopithys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypocnemis" title="Hypocnemis">Hypocnemis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneillornis" title="Oneillornis">Oneillornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phaenostictus" class="mw-redirect" title="Phaenostictus">Phaenostictus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phlegopsis" title="Phlegopsis">Phlegopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pithys" title="Pithys">Pithys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhegmatorhina" title="Rhegmatorhina">Rhegmatorhina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sciaphylax" title="Sciaphylax">Sciaphylax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Willisornis" title="Willisornis">Willisornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyriglenini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyriglenini (page does not exist)">Pyriglenini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Akletos" title="Akletos">Akletos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ampelornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampelornis">Ampelornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnocichla" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymnocichla">Gymnocichla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hafferia" title="Hafferia">Hafferia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylophylax" title="Hylophylax">Hylophylax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypocnemoides" title="Hypocnemoides">Hypocnemoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmeciza" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmeciza">Myrmeciza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmelastes" title="Myrmelastes">Myrmelastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmoborus" title="Myrmoborus">Myrmoborus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrmoderus" title="Myrmoderus">Myrmoderus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Percnostola" title="Percnostola">Percnostola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poliocrania" class="mw-redirect" title="Poliocrania">Poliocrania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyriglena" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyriglena">Pyriglena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhopornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhopornis">Rhopornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sclateria" class="mw-redirect" title="Sclateria">Sclateria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sipia" title="Sipia">Sipia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thamnophilini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thamnophilini (page does not exist)">Thamnophilini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Batara_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batara (bird)">Batara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Biatas" class="mw-redirect" title="Biatas">Biatas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbilaimus" title="Cymbilaimus">Cymbilaimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dichrozona" class="mw-redirect" title="Dichrozona">Dichrozona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dysithamnus" title="Dysithamnus">Dysithamnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederickena" title="Frederickena">Frederickena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpsilochmus" title="Herpsilochmus">Herpsilochmus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypoedaleus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypoedaleus">Hypoedaleus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isleria" title="Isleria">Isleria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mackenziaena" title="Mackenziaena">Mackenziaena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megastictus" class="mw-redirect" title="Megastictus">Megastictus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Radinopsyche" class="mw-redirect" title="Radinopsyche">Radinopsyche</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhopias" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhopias">Rhopias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sakesphoroides" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakesphoroides">Sakesphoroides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sakesphorus" title="Sakesphorus">Sakesphorus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taraba_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taraba (bird)">Taraba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamnomanes" title="Thamnomanes">Thamnomanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamnophilus" title="Thamnophilus">Thamnophilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenornis">Xenornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tityridae" title="Tityridae">Tityridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iodopleura" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodopleura">Iodopleura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laniisoma" title="Laniisoma">Laniisoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laniocera" title="Laniocera">Laniocera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiobius" title="Myiobius">Myiobius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Onychorhynchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Onychorhynchus">Onychorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxyruncus" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxyruncus">Oxyruncus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pachyramphus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pachyramphus">Pachyramphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schiffornis" title="Schiffornis">Schiffornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terenotriccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Terenotriccus">Terenotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tityra" title="Tityra">Tityra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenopsaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenopsaris">Xenopsaris</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tyrannidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannidae">Tyrannidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Agriornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriornis">Agriornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alectrurus" title="Alectrurus">Alectrurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anairetes" title="Anairetes">Anairetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aphanotriccus" title="Aphanotriccus">Aphanotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arundinicola" class="mw-redirect" title="Arundinicola">Arundinicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atalotriccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Atalotriccus">Atalotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Attila_(bird)" title="Attila (bird)">Attila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calyptura" class="mw-redirect" title="Calyptura">Calyptura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Camptostoma" title="Camptostoma">Camptostoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Capsiempis" class="mw-redirect" title="Capsiempis">Capsiempis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Casiornis" title="Casiornis">Casiornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnemarchus" title="Cnemarchus">Cnemarchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnemotriccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnemotriccus">Cnemotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnipodectes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnipodectes">Cnipodectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_tyrant" title="Long-tailed tyrant">Colonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Colorhamphus" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorhamphus">Colorhamphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conopias" title="Conopias">Conopias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Contopus" class="mw-redirect" title="Contopus">Contopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corythopis" class="mw-redirect" title="Corythopis">Corythopis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Culicivora" class="mw-redirect" title="Culicivora">Culicivora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elaenia" title="Elaenia">Elaenia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empidonax" title="Empidonax">Empidonax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empidonomus" class="mw-redirect" title="Empidonomus">Empidonomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Euscarthmus" title="Euscarthmus">Euscarthmus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fluvicola" title="Fluvicola">Fluvicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Griseotyrannus" class="mw-redirect" title="Griseotyrannus">Griseotyrannus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gubernetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gubernetes">Gubernetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guyramemua" class="mw-redirect" title="Guyramemua">Guyramemua</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemitriccus" title="Hemitriccus">Hemitriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heteroxolmis" class="mw-redirect" title="Heteroxolmis">Heteroxolmis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hirundinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirundinea">Hirundinea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hymenops" class="mw-redirect" title="Hymenops">Hymenops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inezia_(bird)" title="Inezia (bird)">Inezia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knipolegus" title="Knipolegus">Knipolegus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lathrotriccus" title="Lathrotriccus">Lathrotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legatus_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legatus (bird)">Legatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lessonia_(bird)" title="Lessonia (bird)">Lessonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptopogon" title="Leptopogon">Leptopogon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lophotriccus" title="Lophotriccus">Lophotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machetornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Machetornis">Machetornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mecocerculus" title="Mecocerculus">Mecocerculus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megarynchus" title="Megarynchus">Megarynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mionectes" title="Mionectes">Mionectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitrephanes" title="Mitrephanes">Mitrephanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muscigralla" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscigralla">Muscigralla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muscipipra" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscipipra">Muscipipra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muscisaxicola" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscisaxicola">Muscisaxicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiarchus" title="Myiarchus">Myiarchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiodynastes" title="Myiodynastes">Myiodynastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiopagis" title="Myiopagis">Myiopagis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiophobus" title="Myiophobus">Myiophobus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiornis" title="Myiornis">Myiornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiotheretes" title="Myiotheretes">Myiotheretes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiotriccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Myiotriccus">Myiotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myiozetetes" title="Myiozetetes">Myiozetetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nengetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Nengetus">Nengetus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neopipo" class="mw-redirect" title="Neopipo">Neopipo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neoxolmis" title="Neoxolmis">Neoxolmis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nephelomyias" title="Nephelomyias">Nephelomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nesotriccus" title="Nesotriccus">Nesotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ochthoeca" title="Ochthoeca">Ochthoeca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ochthornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ochthornis">Ochthornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oncostoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Oncostoma">Oncostoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ornithion" title="Ornithion">Ornithion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phelpsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Phelpsia">Phelpsia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philohydor" class="mw-redirect" title="Philohydor">Philohydor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phyllomyias" title="Phyllomyias">Phyllomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phylloscartes" title="Phylloscartes">Phylloscartes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piprites" title="Piprites">Piprites</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitangus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitangus">Pitangus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Platyrinchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Platyrinchus">Platyrinchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poecilotriccus" title="Poecilotriccus">Poecilotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pogonotriccus" title="Pogonotriccus">Pogonotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polystictus_(bird)" title="Polystictus (bird)">Polystictus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudelaenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudelaenia">Pseudelaenia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudocolopteryx" title="Pseudocolopteryx">Pseudocolopteryx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudotriccus" title="Pseudotriccus">Pseudotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrocephalus" title="Pyrocephalus">Pyrocephalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fire-eyed_diucon" title="Fire-eyed diucon">Pyrope</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhomyias" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrrhomyias">Pyrrhomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramphotrigon" title="Ramphotrigon">Ramphotrigon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhynchocyclus" title="Rhynchocyclus">Rhynchocyclus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhytipterna" title="Rhytipterna">Rhytipterna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satrapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Satrapa">Satrapa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sayornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayornis">Sayornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Serpophaga" title="Serpophaga">Serpophaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silvicultrix" title="Silvicultrix">Silvicultrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sirystes" title="Sirystes">Sirystes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stigmatura" class="mw-redirect" title="Stigmatura">Stigmatura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sublegatus" title="Sublegatus">Sublegatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suiriri" class="mw-redirect" title="Suiriri">Suiriri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syrtidicola" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrtidicola">Syrtidicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tachuris" class="mw-redirect" title="Tachuris">Tachuris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taeniotriccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Taeniotriccus">Taeniotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Todirostrum" title="Todirostrum">Todirostrum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolmomyias" title="Tolmomyias">Tolmomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tumbezia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumbezia">Tumbezia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tyrannopsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannopsis">Tyrannopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tyrannulus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannulus">Tyrannulus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tyrannus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannus">Tyrannus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uromyias" title="Uromyias">Uromyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenotriccus" title="Xenotriccus">Xenotriccus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xolmis" title="Xolmis">Xolmis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zimmerius" title="Zimmerius">Zimmerius</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Passeri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Passeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeri">Passeri</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Resoviaornis" title="Resoviaornis">Resoviaornis</a></i> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acanthizidae" title="Acanthizidae">Acanthizidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthiza" title="Acanthiza">Acanthiza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthornis">Acanthornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aethomyias" title="Aethomyias">Aethomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aphelocephala" title="Aphelocephala">Aphelocephala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calamanthus" title="Calamanthus">Calamanthus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gerygone" title="Gerygone">Gerygone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylacola" title="Hylacola">Hylacola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neosericornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Neosericornis">Neosericornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oreoscopus" class="mw-redirect" title="Oreoscopus">Oreoscopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Origma" title="Origma">Origma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pachycare" class="mw-redirect" title="Pachycare">Pachycare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pycnoptilus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pycnoptilus">Pycnoptilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrrholaemus" title="Pyrrholaemus">Pyrrholaemus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sericornis" title="Sericornis">Sericornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smicrornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Smicrornis">Smicrornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atrichornithidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Atrichornithidae">Atrichornithidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atrichornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Atrichornis">Atrichornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Callaeidae" title="Callaeidae">Callaeidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Callaeas" class="mw-redirect" title="Callaeas">Callaeas</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Heteralocha" class="mw-redirect" title="Heteralocha">Heteralocha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philesturnus" class="mw-redirect" title="Philesturnus">Philesturnus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climacteridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Climacteridae">Climacteridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Climacteris" title="Climacteris">Climacteris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cormobates" title="Cormobates">Cormobates</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cnemophilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnemophilidae">Cnemophilidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnemophilus" title="Cnemophilus">Cnemophilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Loboparadisea" class="mw-redirect" title="Loboparadisea">Loboparadisea</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dasyornithidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasyornithidae">Dasyornithidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dasyornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasyornis">Dasyornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maluridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Maluridae">Maluridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amytornithinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Amytornithinae">Amytornithinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amytornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Amytornis">Amytornis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malurinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Malurinae">Malurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malurini" class="mw-redirect" title="Malurini">Malurini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chenorhamphus" title="Chenorhamphus">Chenorhamphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clytomyias" class="mw-redirect" title="Clytomyias">Clytomyias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malurus" title="Malurus">Malurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sipodotus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sipodotus">Sipodotus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stipiturini" class="mw-redirect" title="Stipiturini">Stipiturini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stipiturus" class="mw-redirect" title="Stipiturus">Stipiturus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Melanocharitidae" title="Melanocharitidae">Melanocharitidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Melanocharis" title="Melanocharis">Melanocharis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedistoma" title="Oedistoma">Oedistoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhamphocharis" title="Rhamphocharis">Rhamphocharis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toxorhamphus" title="Toxorhamphus">Toxorhamphus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meliphagidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Meliphagidae">Meliphagidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthagenys" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthagenys">Acanthagenys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthorhynchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthorhynchus">Acanthorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anthochaera" title="Anthochaera">Anthochaera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anthornis" title="Anthornis">Anthornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ashbyia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashbyia">Ashbyia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bolemoreus" title="Bolemoreus">Bolemoreus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caligavis" title="Caligavis">Caligavis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Certhionyx" class="mw-redirect" title="Certhionyx">Certhionyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cissomela" class="mw-redirect" title="Cissomela">Cissomela</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conopophila" title="Conopophila">Conopophila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Entomyzon" class="mw-redirect" title="Entomyzon">Entomyzon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epthianura" title="Epthianura">Epthianura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foulehaio" class="mw-redirect" title="Foulehaio">Foulehaio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gavicalis" title="Gavicalis">Gavicalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gliciphila" class="mw-redirect" title="Gliciphila">Gliciphila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glycichaera" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycichaera">Glycichaera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glycifohia" title="Glycifohia">Glycifohia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grantiella" class="mw-redirect" title="Grantiella">Grantiella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guadalcanaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Guadalcanaria">Guadalcanaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnomyza" title="Gymnomyza">Gymnomyza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lichenostomus" title="Lichenostomus">Lichenostomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lichmera" title="Lichmera">Lichmera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macgregoria_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Macgregoria (bird)">Macgregoria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manorina" title="Manorina">Manorina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meliarchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Meliarchus">Meliarchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melidectes" title="Melidectes">Melidectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melilestes" class="mw-redirect" title="Melilestes">Melilestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melionyx" title="Melionyx">Melionyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meliphacator" class="mw-redirect" title="Meliphacator">Meliphacator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meliphaga" title="Meliphaga">Meliphaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melipotes" title="Melipotes">Melipotes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melithreptus" title="Melithreptus">Melithreptus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melitograis" class="mw-redirect" title="Melitograis">Melitograis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microptilotis" title="Microptilotis">Microptilotis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myza" title="Myza">Myza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myzomela" title="Myzomela">Myzomela</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nesoptilotis" title="Nesoptilotis">Nesoptilotis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oreornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oreornis">Oreornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plectorhyncha" class="mw-redirect" title="Plectorhyncha">Plectorhyncha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philemon_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Philemon (bird)">Philemon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phylidonyris" title="Phylidonyris">Phylidonyris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptiloprora" title="Ptiloprora">Ptiloprora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptilotula" title="Ptilotula">Ptilotula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prosthemadera" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosthemadera">Prosthemadera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purnella" class="mw-redirect" title="Purnella">Purnella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pycnopygius" title="Pycnopygius">Pycnopygius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramsayornis" title="Ramsayornis">Ramsayornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stomiopera" title="Stomiopera">Stomiopera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stresemannia" class="mw-redirect" title="Stresemannia">Stresemannia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sugomel" title="Sugomel">Sugomel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Territornis" title="Territornis">Territornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Timeliopsis" title="Timeliopsis">Timeliopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichodere" class="mw-redirect" title="Trichodere">Trichodere</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vosea" class="mw-redirect" title="Vosea">Vosea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xanthotis" title="Xanthotis">Xanthotis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menuridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Menuridae">Menuridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Menura" class="mw-redirect" title="Menura">Menura</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Notiomystidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Notiomystidae">Notiomystidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Notiomystis" class="mw-redirect" title="Notiomystis">Notiomystis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orthonychidae" title="Orthonychidae">Orthonychidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthonyx" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthonyx">Orthonyx</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Palaeoscinidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeoscinidae">Palaeoscinidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeoscinis" title="Palaeoscinis">Palaeoscinis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pardalotidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pardalotidae">Pardalotidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pardalotus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pardalotus">Pardalotus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomatostomidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomatostomidae">Pomatostomidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Garritornis" class="mw-redirect" title="Garritornis">Garritornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pomatostomus" title="Pomatostomus">Pomatostomus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ptilonorhynchidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptilonorhynchidae">Ptilonorhynchidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ailuroedus" title="Ailuroedus">Ailuroedus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amblyornis" title="Amblyornis">Amblyornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Archboldia" title="Archboldia">Archboldia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chlamydera" title="Chlamydera">Chlamydera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prionodura" class="mw-redirect" title="Prionodura">Prionodura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptilonorhynchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptilonorhynchus">Ptilonorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scenopoeetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scenopoeetes">Scenopoeetes</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sericuloides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sericuloides (page does not exist)">Sericuloides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sericulus" title="Sericulus">Sericulus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corvides" title="Corvides">Corvides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>See <a href="/wiki/Template:Corvides" title="Template:Corvides">Corvides</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Passerida" title="Passerida">Passerida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>See <a href="/wiki/Template:Passerida" title="Template:Passerida">Passerida</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Pitangus sulphuratus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202804" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q202804">Q202804</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pitangus_sulphuratus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Pitangus sulphuratus">Pitangus sulphuratus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/American_Birding_Association" title="American Birding Association">ABA</a>: <span class="uid">grekis</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pitangus_sulphuratus/">Pitangus_sulphuratus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Avibase" title="Avibase">Avibase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9C883C7BCFAEB70D">9C883C7BCFAEB70D</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22700605">22700605</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=9861">9861</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Birds_of_the_World" title="Birds of the World">BOW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grekis">grekis</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6VMN6">6VMN6</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EBird" title="EBird">eBird</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ebird.org/species/grekis">grekis</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_for_Bird_Ringing" title="European Union for Bird Ringing">EURING</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euring.org/edb/species-maps/sp9400.htm">9400</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2482755">2482755</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Invasive_Species_Database" title="Global Invasive Species Database">GISD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=1578">1578</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">GNAB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/great-kiskadee">great-kiskadee</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World" title="Handbook of the Birds of the World">IBC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/great-kiskadee-pitangus-sulphuratus">great-kiskadee-pitangus-sulphuratus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/16956">16956</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10198960">10198960</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=178301">178301</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/22700605">22700605</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102770/">2.102770</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=371930">371930</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Neotropical_Birds_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Neotropical Birds Online">Neotropical</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neotropical.birds.cornell.edu/Species-Account/nb/species/grekis">grekis</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/16727/">16727</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System" title="Ocean Biodiversity Information System">OBIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obis.org/taxon/1484536">1484536</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=375105">375105</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=372241">372241</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Xeno-canto" title="Xeno-canto">Xeno-canto</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xeno-canto.org/species/Pitangus-sulphuratus">Pitangus-sulphuratus</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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