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clear:right; border: 2px solid silver; margin: 0 0 .5em .5em; width: 200px;"> <div style="background-color: #e7ece6; font-size: 15px; text-align: center; padding: .3em;"><b>Qatar</b> <b></b></div> <center><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Qatar.svg" class="image"><img alt="Flag of Qatar.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/195px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="77" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/293px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/390px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></center> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>Demographics</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by population" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by population">Population</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>2,641,669 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by GDP (nominal)" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by GDP (nominal)">GDP (million)</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>359,163 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">GDP p/cap.</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>129,360 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by life expectancy" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy">Life expectancy</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>75.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by Human Development Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by Human Development Index">Development Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>0.850 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>Government</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Democracy Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Democracy Index">Democracy Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>3.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Corruption Perceptions Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>7.7 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>More</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Education Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Education Index">Education Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>0.686 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Importance_of_religion_by_country" class="extiw" title="wp:Importance of religion by country" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Importance of religion by country">Religiosity</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>95 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>The <b>State of Qatar</b> (a.k.a. <b>Saudi Arabia's little brother</b>) is a country on a peninsula (and possibly a future island <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>) located in the Persian Gulf to the east of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. The country offers yet another example of a resource-rich Gulf Arab <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> which exerts tremendous influence on the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East"> regional</a> turmoil and is hopelessly mired with domestic issues of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics"> political</a> nutjobbery. The capital city, Doha, a town akin to <a href="/wiki/Dubai" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>, used to be a desert nowhere merely 20 years ago and suddenly came to experience exponential growth, becoming a regional logistics and financial center, and holding sporting events and whatnot. </p><p>Qatar, famed for having too much cash in the ass, has a GDP <i>per capita</i> of $129,360, the highest in the world. This is due to its territory sitting on top of the world's third-largest <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas"> natural-gas</a> reserves and some <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> reserves as well.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> However, there's also some simple math involved here: the country's population includes a whopping 88% foreign labor (imported from South and Southeast Asia and from its poor Arab neighbors).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[note 1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pop_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-4">[3]</a></sup> The treatment of these workers is so bad, with many being abused by their employers, underpaid or not paid at all, forced into severe debt, and often living in migrant camps with poor conditions away from the rest of Qatar, that many human rights activists consider Qatar an <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> state.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a></sup> This makes the number of Qatari <u>citizens</u> just 313,000, who are exempt from low-skill jobs and covered by <a href="/wiki/Socialized_healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialized healthcare"> free healthcare</a> and education. All the floating money is considered spent on the FIFA corruption scandal (see below), on the military budget, and on destabilizing the regional geopolitics by funding the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[note 2]</a></sup> and arms-supplies to the <a href="/wiki/Jihadist" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihadist">jihadists</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-shock_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shock-8">[6]</a></sup> </p><p>Qatar also has a reputation as a safe haven of the <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi">Wahhabi</a> strain of <a href="/wiki/Salafism" title="Salafism">Salafism</a>, which is the majority religion among the citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-wahh_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wahh-9">[7]</a></sup> Strict <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> provides the main source of Qatari legislation, which features <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hudud" class="extiw" title="wp:hudud" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: hudud">hudud</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup></i> criminal codes, including stoning<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a></sup> as a legal punishment, and the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a> for <a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">apostasy</a> or for <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-con_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-con-11">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>All in all, these quaint local manifestations of traditional culture make Qatar eerily similar to Saudi Arabia, but the two countries are actually hostile toward each other, most likely because both are way too full of egos. The two countries are undergoing a diplomatic crisis, <a href="/wiki/Tu_quoque" title="Tu quoque"> accusing each other of being a terrorist-sponsoring state</a>. The dispute has evolved to include regional hyenas like the <a href="/wiki/Ayatollah_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayatollah Khomeini"> Ayatollah</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erdogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdogan">Erdogan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, becoming nothing but a disturbance to the already precarious regional geopolitics. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#2017-2021_diplomatic_crisis"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">2017-2021 diplomatic crisis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#2022_FIFA_thing"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">2022 FIFA thing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Comparison_with_Saudi_Arabia"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Comparison with Saudi Arabia</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Commonalities"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Commonalities</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Differences"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Differences</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Gallery"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Gallery</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="2017-2021_diplomatic_crisis">2017-2021 diplomatic crisis</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 2017-2021 diplomatic crisis">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Qatar has been involved in a highly publicized diplomatic crisis between Saudi Arabia and its sidekicks, including the <a href="/wiki/UAE" class="mw-redirect" title="UAE">UAE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>. The crisis began by the latter severing diplomatic and trade relations in June 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[note 3]</a></sup> which was unprecedented and it surprised many analysts as it escalated way too quickly. No one knows the truth behind the scene of the conflict. One thing for sure, the consequence, whether it was calculated or not, is dire and has the potential to dynamically alter the scenario of the dirty Middle Eastern geopolitical game. The pretext was that Qatari state TV's news ticker showed quotes supposedly from the Qatari emir praising Iran and trash-talking Arab Gulf leaders; US intel concluded that the UAE hacked Qatar's state TV and planted the fake quotes.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[10]</a></sup> Despite this news, the UAE, Bahrain, Egypt and Saudi Arabia still got away with it because Trump. </p><p>Diplomatic tension between Qatar and Saudi Arabia is not new, and this is due to Qatar's selfish ambition to be more independent in order to keep the royal family in power.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[11]</a></sup> But the '17 crisis was effectively a "<a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit referendum</a>" on this relationship. One indirect catalysis is the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a>, in which Qatar, which favors change, supported the <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">Islamists</a> taking over the coups, and Saudi Arabia, which favors the status quo, opposed it by propping up the despots.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[note 4]</a></sup> During this time, Qatar aided the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> (MB) by accepting the asylum applications of its members.<sup id="cite_ref-TragerQatar_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TragerQatar-16">[12]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a>, being Qatar's official mouthpiece, cheered the <a href="/wiki/Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup">coups</a> like no other. On the contrary, Saudi Arabia, which was a backer of the MB for half a century,<sup id="cite_ref-WashingtonPost-Diverse_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPost-Diverse-17">[13]</a></sup> designated it as a <a href="/wiki/Terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist">terrorist</a> organization in 2014. The sidekicks also followed its lead. </p><p>In April 2017, Qatar struck in a deal with <a href="/wiki/Shiite" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiite">Shiite</a> militants in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> who took Qatari royals as hostages. Qatar, in exchange, released royals and humanitarian aid passing through the area, paid $700 million to a Shiite militia which infuriated the Saudis and the UAE. Shortly after, the Qatari government web site was hacked and the fake official statement which gave approval of Iran was released, and it became a <i>casus belli</i> for diplomatic sanctions. The hacking was considered an ongoing attempt between Qatar and the Saudi coalition to forestall each other, but <a href="/wiki/Russian" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian">Russian</a> hackers were also accused.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PerezProkupecz_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PerezProkupecz-19">[15]</a></sup> </p><p>The implications, besides the annoyance of innocent bystanders who had to cancel their transit flights through Doha, have been huge. The proxy war between Qatar and Saudi Arabia led to the ascendance of hyenas and jackals like Iran and Turkey within the Middle Eastern geopolitical arena. Qatar, which used to be rather neutral in terms of the Saudi-Iran proxy war, began publicly approaching Iran as they provided diplomatic and humanitarian support.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[16]</a></sup> "Sultan" <a href="/wiki/Erdogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdogan">Erdogan</a>'s Turkey, which has been independent and looking for chances to expand its Ottoman ambitions, announced humanitarian and diplomatic support. It has also deployed additional military troops to a Turkish base in Qatar.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[17]</a></sup> The crisis also led to the exposure of the vulnerability and limit of Saudi potentiality. Led by young prince <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_bin_Salman" title="Mohammad bin Salman">Mohammad bin Salman</a>, the Saudi coalition has consolidated its alliance by gathering several other <a href="/wiki/Sunni" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> Muslim states, and unleashed the utmost fury by pulling off the maximum effort they could do short of exercising military force to compel Qatar. This, however, didn't bear any fruit as Qatar didn't compromise on any demand posed by the Saudis. In effect, Saudi Arabia gave its arch-rival more strategic opportunities, created discord among the supposed "Sunni Muslim bloc", annoyed its boss in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" class="mw-redirect" title="White House">White House</a> for benefiting Russia and Iran which seek friction between U.S. allies, and exposed the limit of its diplomatic potential by being unable to compel its tiny little neighbor.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a></sup> </p><p>By 2021 the diplomatic crisis was mostly resolved without Qatar meeting any of the demands of the other nations. It has led to the whole thing being seen as a failure by Saudi Arabia and the UAE, as Qatar actually developed closer ties to Turkey and Iran (which the other nations wanted to not happen) and the country being considered economically and militarily stronger and more autonomous than it was before the crisis. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="2022_FIFA_thing">2022 FIFA thing</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2022 FIFA thing">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The now-disgraced ex-FIFA president <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepp_Blatter" class="extiw" title="wp:Sepp Blatter" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Sepp Blatter">Sepp Blatter</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> and his cabal actually chose Qatar as the 2022 host of the FIFA World Cup. Qatar had never qualified for the World Cup before, and due to its lack of large football stadiums had to build 7 of the 8 required.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[19]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a></sup> The ridiculousness of this choice and the absence of re-selection cannot be overemphasized, considering that the FIFA evaluation report prior to the selection pointed out the possible health risk for the players and supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a></sup> There are also countless countries, broadcasting networks, entities, and individuals bribed or accused of bribery including: </p> <ul><li>Jack Warner former FIFA president (and his family)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a></sup></li> <li>Michel Platini former UEFA president (and his son)<sup id="cite_ref-Pla_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pla-27">[23]</a></sup></li> <li>Nicolas Leoz former CONMEBOL president<sup id="cite_ref-co_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-co-28">[24]</a></sup></li> <li>Julio Grondona former FIFA vice-president<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[25]</a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> former president of France<sup id="cite_ref-Pla_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pla-27">[23]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fra_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fra-30">[26]</a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French" class="mw-redirect" title="French">French</a> firms including Airbus and Veolia<sup id="cite_ref-Pla_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pla-27">[23]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fra_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fra-30">[26]</a></sup></li> <li>Owner of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.<sup id="cite_ref-Fra_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fra-30">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[27]</a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thai</a> soccer association and its leading energy company<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[28]</a></sup></li> <li>Chung Mong-joon former president of <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korean</a> soccer association<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[29]</a></sup></li></ul> <p>An investigation by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> in 2013 claimed that migrant workers are effectively treated as <a href="/wiki/Slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaves">slaves</a> by denying them food and <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, and by not paying them on time or at all. It also claimed that 4,000 migrant workers have died since 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-4000_may_die_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4000_may_die-34">[30]</a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i> has also claimed that 1,200 workers died in 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[31]</a></sup> but the number and the actual conditions are disputed, with the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> claiming it includes migrants working outside of World Cup venues and non-construction workers.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-36">[32]</a></sup> Also the BBC cited a claim by the <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> government official which stated that the death rate of Indian worker in Qatar is lower than in India.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-36">[32]</a></sup> Qatar agreed to improve the conditions of workers barely in late 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[33]</a></sup> According to the 2016 Global Slavery Index, an estimated 30,300 people are enslaved in modern day Qatar, or 1.36% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[34]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[35]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[36]</a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the aforementioned crisis between the Saudi gang has been somewhat disturbing the prospect of holding the World Cup. This is due to Saudi, UAE, Egypt and Bahrain having effectively cut off the only land border, and some sea and air routes. FIFA however, is not anticipating on finding a "plan B".<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[37]</a></sup> </p><p>It's not just FIFA, though. The IAAF also chose Doha to host the World Athletics Championships in 2019, which visibly had an extremely low attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[38]</a></sup> IAAF president Sebastian Coe decided to blame the media for reporting what they could actually see.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[39]</a></sup> </p><p>During the tournament itself (which was unusually held in the northern hemisphere winter months, due to Qatar's oppressive summertime heat, disrupting European football season schedules)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[40]</a></sup> several controversies arose that often generated more headlines than the actual games itself. In particular, Qatar security and officials (along with in some cases FIFA itself), demonstrating that they had absolutely no knowledge of the <a href="/wiki/Streisand_Effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Streisand Effect">Streisand Effect</a>, cracked down on any modest symbolism players, fans, and reporters used to express solidarity with <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> people, such as depictions of <a href="/wiki/Rainbow" title="Rainbow">rainbow</a> colors of any kind, or "OneLove" armbands.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[41]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[42]</a></sup> In addition, Qatar controversially decided to ban <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> sales within their stadiums, in accordance with Qatar's <a href="/wiki/Alcohol" title="Alcohol">alcohol</a>-forbidding <a href="/wiki/Islamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic">Islamic</a> culture. (Of course, also in accordance with Qatar culture, those in the expensive luxury suites in the stadiums were able to buy beer, sommelier-selected wines, and fine liquor, without any problems whatsoever.)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[43]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Comparison_with_Saudi_Arabia">Comparison with Saudi Arabia</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Comparison with Saudi Arabia">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg/300px-Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg/450px-Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg/600px-Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="674" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Corniche_Doha_Qatar.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Skyline of Doha.</div></div></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Commonalities">Commonalities</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Commonalities">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li>Both are Wahhabi<sup id="cite_ref-wahh_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wahh-9">[7]</a></sup></li> <li>Both support overseas jihadism<sup id="cite_ref-shock_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shock-8">[6]</a></sup></li> <li>Both conduct modern-day slavery and <a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">human trafficking</a><sup id="cite_ref-slave_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slave-48">[44]</a></sup></li> <li>Both are sitting on top of the endless reserves of fossil fuels</li> <li>Both implement strict Sharia with <i>hudud</i> criminal code<sup id="cite_ref-con_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-con-11">[9]</a></sup></li> <li>Both are <a href="/wiki/Iconoclast" class="mw-redirect" title="Iconoclast">iconoclast</a></li> <li>Both compete for dick-measuring contest by spending money on building unoccupied skyscrapers (bonus: UAE too)</li> <li>Both are invaluable assets for <a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East</a>. Qatar hosts the largest U.S. military base in the Middle East,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">[45]</a></sup> while Saudi Arabia holds a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Relationship" class="extiw" title="wp:Special Relationship" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Special Relationship">Special Relationship</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> with the U.S.</li> <li>Both are precious customers of the international <a href="/wiki/Military-industrial_complex" title="Military-industrial complex">military-industrial complex</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Differences">Differences</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Differences">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li>Qatar supports the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a>, an Islamist organization with a worldwide network. Saudi Arabia and its puppets (UAE, Egypt, Bahrain, etc.) designate it a terrorist organization.</li> <li>Qatar has better (albeit it's a low bar) conditions on <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a>, with the highest female labor participation rate in the Arab world.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[46]</a></sup> It also doesn't mandate women covering up in headscarves or <i>abayas</i>.</li> <li>Qatar has much closer ties with Turkey (and harbors a Turkish overseas military base<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[47]</a></sup>), and has approached <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> recently. Saudi Arabia is neutral on Turkey and hates Iran more than <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</li> <li>Qatar has trade relations with Israel, while Saudi Arabia doesn't. However, Israel backs the Saudis in the ongoing diplomatic crisis.</li> <li>Qatar allows selling alcohol in five-star hotels<sup id="cite_ref-wsj20120107_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj20120107-52">[48]</a></sup></li> <li>Qatar has a <i>much</i> better airline.<sup>[<a href="/wiki/Help:References" title="Help:References"><i>citation needed</i></a>]</sup></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Gallery">Gallery</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"><div style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px;"><div style="margin:52.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Airbus_A320-232,_Qatar_Airways_AN1224412.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Airbus_A320-232%2C_Qatar_Airways_AN1224412.jpg/250px-Airbus_A320-232%2C_Qatar_Airways_AN1224412.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Airbus_A320-232%2C_Qatar_Airways_AN1224412.jpg/500px-Airbus_A320-232%2C_Qatar_Airways_AN1224412.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>View of Doha from a Qatar Airways flight. </p> </div> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"><div style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px;"><div style="margin:43px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Doha_-_food.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Doha_-_food.jpg/225px-Doha_-_food.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="169" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Doha_-_food.jpg/338px-Doha_-_food.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Doha_-_food.jpg/450px-Doha_-_food.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Qatari meat skewers. </p> </div> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"><div style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px;"><div style="margin:53.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Shaikha_Khalaf_Al_Mohammed,_Mehbubeh_Akhlaghi,_Bahya_Al-Hamad_2011_(cropped).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Shaikha_Khalaf_Al_Mohammed%2C_Mehbubeh_Akhlaghi%2C_Bahya_Al-Hamad_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Shaikha_Khalaf_Al_Mohammed%2C_Mehbubeh_Akhlaghi%2C_Bahya_Al-Hamad_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="148" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Shaikha_Khalaf_Al_Mohammed%2C_Mehbubeh_Akhlaghi%2C_Bahya_Al-Hamad_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Shaikha_Khalaf_Al_Mohammed%2C_Mehbubeh_Akhlaghi%2C_Bahya_Al-Hamad_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1165" data-file-height="767" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Qatari women celebrate victory at the Doha Arab Games. </p> </div> </div></li> </ul></center> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a> — Funded by Qatar. The Arabic version is literally the spokesperson of the Qatari emir. The English version is OK.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In 2017, the residents included 650,000 <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indians</a>, 350,000 <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepalis</a>, 280,000 <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladeshis</a>, 260,000 <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Filipinos</a>, 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptians</a>, 145,000 Sri Lankans, 125,000 <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistanis</a> and many, many more.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Including its <a href="/wiki/Palestinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian">Palestinian </a><a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">offshoot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ironically, it was during the month of <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">However, Saudi Arabia is <i>not</i> anti-Islamist by nature, as its support of jihadism dwarfs Qatar's. Saudi Arabia mostly supported jihadists who were fighting <a href="/wiki/Shi%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi'a">Shi'a</a> regimes, like in the Syrian Civil War.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/saudi-arabia-qatar-island-plan-2018-4">http://www.businessinsider.com/saudi-arabia-qatar-island-plan-2018-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2708880">/* Errors processing stylesheet [[:Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css]] (rev 2708880): • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 44 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 50 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 55 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 64 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 96 character 9. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 100 character 9. • Invalid media query at line 138 character 8. */ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130112042847/http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/">"Indices & Data | Human Development Reports"</a>. United Nations Development Programme. 14 March 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/">the original</a> on 12 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indices+%26+Data+%26%23124%3B+Human+Development+Reports&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fstatistics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pop_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/">"Population of Qatar by nationality – 2017 report"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Qatar+by+nationality+%E2%80%93+2017+report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpriyadsouza.com%2Fpopulation-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabianbusiness.com/politics-economics/qatar-treatment-of-workers-branded-apartheid-542900">Qatar treatment of workers branded ‘apartheid’</a>, Daniel Shane, <i>Arabian Business</i> 17 March 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/hamas-cash-to-crypto-global-finance-maze-israels-sights-2023-10-16/">https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/hamas-cash-to-crypto-global-finance-maze-israels-sights-2023-10-16/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shock-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-shock_8-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-shock_8-1">6.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFKim_Sengupta2015" class="citation news cs1">Kim Sengupta (12 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html">"Turkey and Saudi Arabia alarm the West by backing Islamist extremists the Americans had bombed in Syria"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Turkey+and+Saudi+Arabia+alarm+the+West+by+backing+Islamist+extremists+the+Americans+had+bombed+in+Syria&rft.date=2015-05-12&rft.au=Kim+Sengupta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsyria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wahh-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wahh_9-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wahh_9-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-13229852">"Tiny Qatar's growing global clout"</a>. BBC. 30 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tiny+Qatar%27s+growing+global+clout&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2011-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-13229852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stoning" class="extiw" title="wp:stoning" rel="nofollow">stoning</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-con-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-con_11-0">9.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-con_11-1">9.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006075128/http://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25754&LawId=2284&language=en">"The Permanent Constitution of the State of Qatar"</a>. Government of Qatar. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25754&LawId=2284&language=">en the original</a> on 6 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Permanent+Constitution+of+the+State+of+Qatar&rft.pub=Government+of+Qatar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almeezan.qa%2FLawArticles.aspx%3FLawArticleID%3D25754%26LawId%3D2284%26language%3D+en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadurl=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFBartz2017" class="citation web cs1">Bartz, Diane (16 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-qatar-report/uae-arranged-for-hacking-of-qatar-government-sites-sparking-diplomatic-row-washington-post-idUSKBN1A200H">"UAE arranged for hacking of Qatar government sites, sparking diplomatic row: Washington Post"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=UAE+arranged+for+hacking+of+Qatar+government+sites%2C+sparking+diplomatic+row%3A+Washington+Post&rft.date=2017-07-16&rft.aulast=Bartz&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-qatar-report%2Fuae-arranged-for-hacking-of-qatar-government-sites-sparking-diplomatic-row-washington-post-idUSKBN1A200H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFFisher2017" class="citation web cs1">Fisher, Max (13 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/13/world/middleeast/how-the-saudi-qatar-rivalry-now-combusting-reshaped-the-middle-east.html">"How the Saudi-Qatar Rivalry, Now Combusting, Reshaped the Middle East"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+the+Saudi-Qatar+Rivalry%2C+Now+Combusting%2C+Reshaped+the+Middle+East&rft.date=2017-06-13&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F13%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fhow-the-saudi-qatar-rivalry-now-combusting-reshaped-the-middle-east.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TragerQatar-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TragerQatar_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Trager, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/07/muslim-brotherhood-qatar/532380/">The Muslim Brotherhood Is the Root of the Qatar Crisis</a>, <i>The Atlantic</i> (July 2, 2017).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashingtonPost-Diverse-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonPost-Diverse_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFMintzFarah2004" class="citation news cs1">Mintz, John; Farah, Douglas (10 September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A12823-2004Sep10.html">"In Search of Friends Among The Foes U.S. Hopes to Work With Diverse Group"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+Friends+Among+The+Foes+U.S.+Hopes+to+Work+With+Diverse+Group&rft.date=2004-09-10&rft.aulast=Mintz&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Farah%2C+Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA12823-2004Sep10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/05/23/qatar-says-state-news-website-hacked-fake-article-published.html">"Hack, fake story expose real tensions between Qatar, Gulf"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hack%2C+fake+story+expose+real+tensions+between+Qatar%2C+Gulf&rft.date=2017-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2F05%2F23%2Fqatar-says-state-news-website-hacked-fake-article-published.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PerezProkupecz-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PerezProkupecz_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFEvan_Perez_.26_Shimon_Prokupecz2017" class="citation news cs1">Evan Perez & Shimon Prokupecz (6 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2017/06/06/politics/russian-hackers-planted-fake-news-qatar-crisis/index.html">"US suspects Russian hackers planted fake news behind Qatar crisis"</a>. CNN.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=US+suspects+Russian+hackers+planted+fake+news+behind+Qatar+crisis&rft.date=2017-06-06&rft.au=Evan+Perez+%26+Shimon+Prokupecz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F06%2F06%2Fpolitics%2Frussian-hackers-planted-fake-news-qatar-crisis%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/qatar-to-reinstate-ambassador-to-iran-amid-gulf-crisis-1741557">"Qatar To Reinstate Ambassador To Iran Amid Gulf Crisis"</a>. 24 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Qatar+To+Reinstate+Ambassador+To+Iran+Amid+Gulf+Crisis&rft.date=2017-08-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Fworld-news%2Fqatar-to-reinstate-ambassador-to-iran-amid-gulf-crisis-1741557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170611231348/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/turkey-fast-track-troops-deployment-qatar-170607151127104.html">"Turkish parliament approves troop deployment to Qatar"</a>. Al Jazeera. 8 June 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/turkey-fast-track-troops-deployment-qatar-170607151127104.html">the original</a> on 11 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+parliament+approves+troop+deployment+to+Qatar&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft.date=2017-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F06%2Fturkey-fast-track-troops-deployment-qatar-170607151127104.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadurl=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/dougbandow/2017/07/20/saudi-arabia-and-united-arab-emirates-pay-high-price-for-botched-attack-on-qatar/#50728c1725f5">Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates Pay High Price For Botched Attack On Qatar</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. Retrieved February 27, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup" class="extiw" title="wp:Qatar at the FIFA World Cup" rel="nofollow">Qatar at the FIFA World Cup</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59868204">World Cup 2022: A guide to the eight World Cup stadiums in Qatar</a>, BBC Sport, April 1, 2022</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/01/33/74/56/b9qate.pdf">2022 FIFA World Cup Bid Evaluation Report</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10704290/Qatar-World-Cup-2022-investigation-former-Fifa-vice-president-Jack-Warner-and-family-paid-millions.html">Qatar World Cup 2022 investigation: former Fifa vice-president Jack Warner and family paid millions.</a> <i>Telegraph</i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pla-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Pla_27-0">23.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Pla_27-1">23.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Pla_27-2">23.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/dec/21/michel-platini-fifa-ban-sepp-blatter">Michel Platini: fall of a smooth operator who thought he played by different rules.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-co-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-co_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/dec/23/fifa-trial-questions-2022-qatar-world-cup">Fifa trial leaves questions over 2022 Qatar World Cup.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.jp/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/football/2017/nov/14/fifa-bribery-corruption-trial-qatar-2022-world-cup">Fifa official took bribes to back Qatar's 2022 World Cup bid, court hears</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fra-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fra_30-0">26.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fra_30-1">26.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fra_30-2">26.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/fifa-qatar-world-cup-nicolas-sarkozy-investigation-veolia-paris-saint-germain-a7876041.html">Nicolas Sarkozy 'under scrutiny as part of French probe into Qatar World Cup scandal'.</a> <i>The Independent</i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/22162.aspx">Neymar, PSG and the Qatar World Cup.</a> <i>Al Ahram</i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10871555/Qatar-World-Cup-2022-the-Thai-gas-deal-struck-shortly-before-the-vote.html">Qatar World Cup 2022: the Thai gas deal struck shortly before the vote.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Telegraph" title="Daily Telegraph">Daily Telegraph</a></i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-soccer-fifa-corruption/former-administrator-chung-to-appeal-fifa-ban-report-idUSKBN1720IO">Former administrator Chung to appeal FIFA ban: report.</a> <i>Reuters</i>. Retrieve February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4000_may_die-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4000_may_die_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFBooth" class="citation news cs1">Booth, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/sep/26/qatar-world-cup-migrant-workers-dead">"Qatar World Cup construction 'will leave 4,000 migrant workers dead'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Qatar+World+Cup+construction+%27will+leave+4%2C000+migrant+workers+dead%27&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fglobal-development%2F2013%2Fsep%2F26%2Fqatar-world-cup-migrant-workers-dead&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFJonesParasie2015" class="citation news cs1">Jones, Rory; Parasie, Nicolas (4 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/qatar-stocks-fall-on-fifa-world-cup-concerns-1433316100">"Blatter's Resignation Raises Concerns About Qatar's FIFA World Cup Prospects"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Blatter%27s+Resignation+Raises+Concerns+About+Qatar%27s+FIFA+World+Cup+Prospects&rft.date=2015-06-04&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft.au=Parasie%2C+Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fqatar-stocks-fall-on-fifa-world-cup-concerns-1433316100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_36-0">32.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_36-1">32.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFStephenson2015" class="citation web cs1">Stephenson, Wesley (6 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33019838">"Have 1,200 World Cup workers really died in Qatar?"</a>. BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Have+1%2C200+World+Cup+workers+really+died+in+Qatar%3F&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2015-06-06&rft.aulast=Stephenson&rft.aufirst=Wesley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-33019838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/oct/25/qatar-world-cup-workers-rights-kafala-system">"Qatar World Cup workers' rights to improve with end of kafala system, claims union"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 25 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Qatar+World+Cup+workers%27+rights+to+improve+with+end+of+kafala+system%2C+claims+union&rft.date=2017-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffootball%2F2017%2Foct%2F25%2Fqatar-world-cup-workers-rights-kafala-system&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFKevin_Bales" class="citation web cs1">Kevin Bales; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/country/qatar/">"Qatar"</a>. <i>The Global Slavery Index 2016</i>. The Minderoo Foundation Pty Ltd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Global+Slavery+Index+2016&rft.atitle=Qatar&rft.au=Kevin+Bales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalslaveryindex.org%2Fcountry%2Fqatar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Explicit use of et al. in: <code class="cs1-code">|first1=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#explicit_et_al" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Block, Josh. The other reason to isolate Qatar: Its appalling human-rights record. June 13, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/don-forget-qatar-appalling-human-rights-record-article-1.3244628">http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/don-forget-qatar-appalling-human-rights-record-article-1.3244628</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rafizadeh, Majid. U.S. Should Host 2022 World Cup, Not Qatar. June 26, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/us-should-host-2022-world-cup-not-qatar_us_594eee86e4b0326c0a8d0909">https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/us-should-host-2022-world-cup-not-qatar_us_594eee86e4b0326c0a8d0909</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171008154735/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/gulf-blockade-poses-risk-qatar-world-cup-171006210428080.html">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/gulf-blockade-poses-risk-qatar-world-cup-171006210428080.html">the original</a> on 8 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F10%2Fgulf-blockade-poses-risk-qatar-world-cup-171006210428080.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadurl=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191004194719/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/sep/30/doha-world-athletics-championships-crowds-iaaf">Sean Ingle, "Dire in Doha: World Championships 'catastrophe' leaves athletics reeling," <i>The Guardian</i>, Sep. 30, 2019, accessed Oct. 4, 2019.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[Sean Ingle, "Seb Coe hits out at BBC and Gabby Logan over Doha coverage," The Guardian, Oct. 2, 2019, accessed Oct. 4, 2019.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/11/18/1137204271/qatar-world-cup-controversies">"Why Qatar is a controversial host for the World Cup"</a> by Becky Sullivan, NPR, 2022 November 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/22/fifa-qatar-talks-wales-rainbow-hats-confiscated-world-cup">"Fifa and Qatar in urgent talks after Wales rainbow hats confiscated"</a> by Sean Ingle, Guardian, 2022 November 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/21/qatar-world-cup-2022-teams-ax-pro-lgbtq-armbands-after-fifa-threats.html">‘We are very frustrated’: World Cup teams in Qatar ax pro-LGBTQ armbands after FIFA threat"</a> by Natasha Turak, CNBC, 2022 November 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/world-cup-sports-soccer-middle-east-international-e6e4861c4b0e8cbb4f1ac41b8e56350a">"High-rolling World Cup fans will get alcohol at stadiums"</a> by Graham Dunbar, AP News, 2022 November 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slave-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-slave_48-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bill Crane (20 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/04/gulf-states-slave-labor-migrant-workers/">Gravediggers of the Gulf</a>. <i>Jacobin</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/06/05/middleeast/qatar-us-largest-base-in-mideast/index.html">Qatar hosts largest U.S. military base in the Middle East.</a> <i>CNN</i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS?end=2014&start=1990&view=map">Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/president-erdogan-visits-turkey-military-base-in-qatar-122498">President Erdoğan visits Turkey military base in Qatar.</a> <i>Hurryet Daily News</i>. Retrieved February 26, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj20120107-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj20120107_52-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Delmar-Morgan2012" class="citation news cs1">Alex Delmar-Morgan (7 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203686204577115923124889872">"Qatar, Unveiling Tensions, Suspends Sale of Alcohol"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Qatar%2C+Unveiling+Tensions%2C+Suspends+Sale+of+Alcohol&rft.date=2012-01-07&rft.au=Alex+Delmar-Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052970203686204577115923124889872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Nations_of_the_world-navigationbox" class="toccolours" style="clear:both; margin:0.5em 3.5%; text-align:center;"> <div style="margin:0.15em; padding:0.1em; background:#ccccff; font-weight:bold;"><span id="Nations_of_the_world-navigationbox"><a href="/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">Nations</a> of the world</span> </div> <div class="hlist" style="font-size: 90%; margin: 0.15em 1.425em;"><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa"><b>Africa</b></a>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> — <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> — <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> — <a href="/wiki/ESwatini" title="ESwatini">eSwatini</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> — <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> — <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> — <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> — <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> <p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><b>Asia</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> — <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> — <a href="/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> — <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> — <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> — <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> — <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> — <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> — <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> — <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> — <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> — <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> — <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> — <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> — <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qatar</a> — <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> — <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> — <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> — <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><b>Europe</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> — <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia">Czechia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> — <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> — <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> — <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> — <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> — <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> — <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> — <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> — <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> — <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> — <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> — <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> — <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> — <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>) — <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America"><b>North America</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> — <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> — <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> — <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> — <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> — <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> — <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>) <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania"><b>Oceania</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> — <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> — <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America"><b>South America</b></a>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> — <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui" title="Rapa Nui">Rapa Nui</a>) — <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> — <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands"><small>Malvinas</small></a>)— <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> — <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> — <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><b>Separatist or disputed</b>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> —<a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Micronation" title="Micronation">Micronation</a> — <a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Sealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Sealand">Sealand</a> — <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> — <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> — <a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> </p> <span style="float:left;"><big><b>Historical</b>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a> — <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Congo" title="Belgian Congo">Belgian Congo</a> — <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> — <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a> — <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> — <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a> — <a 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