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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Millipedes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Millipedes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Millipedes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symphyla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symphyla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Symphyla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symphyla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pauropoda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pauropoda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Pauropoda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pauropoda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arthropleuridea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arthropleuridea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Arthropleuridea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arthropleuridea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Myriapod_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Myriapod_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Myriapod relationships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Myriapod_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Myriapoda</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%84" title="كثيرات الأرجل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كثيرات الأرجل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymba_hetymaet%C3%A1va" title="Mymba hetymaetáva – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mymba hetymaetáva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87oxayaql%C4%B1lar" title="Çoxayaqlılar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çoxayaqlılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D2%A1" title="Күбаяҡ – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Күбаяҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Мнаганожкі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мнаганожкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Мнаганожкі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мнаганожкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Многоножки – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Многоножки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miri%C3%A0podes" title="Miriàpodes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Miriàpodes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Нумай уралли – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нумай уралли" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stono%C5%BEkovci" title="Stonožkovci – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stonožkovci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tausendf%C3%BC%C3%9Fer" title="Tausendfüßer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tausendfüßer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1%C3%A1%C5%82%C3%A1nii" title="Jááłánii – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Jááłánii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulkjalgsed" title="Hulkjalgsed – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hulkjalgsed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Μυριάποδα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μυριάποδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriapodo" title="Miriapodo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Miriapodo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هزارپایان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هزارپایان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miri%C3%A1podos" title="Miriápodos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Miriápodos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EC%A7%80%EB%A5%98" title="다지류 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="다지류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Բազմոտանիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բազմոտանիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="मिरियापोडा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिरियापोडा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonoge" title="Stonoge – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stonoge" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%C3%A6%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Бирæкъахонтæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бирæкъахонтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fj%C3%B6lf%C3%A6tlur" title="Fjölfætlur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fjölfætlur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99-%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9C" title="מרבי-רגל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרבי-רגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%A1" title="ಮಿರಿಯಾಪೊಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಿರಿಯಾಪೊಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%8F%D2%9B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Көпаяқтылар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көпаяқтылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Шунгаг – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шунгаг" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngongolo" title="Ngongolo – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ngongolo" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Көп аяктар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Көп аяктар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Шукы яланвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шукы яланвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daudzk%C4%81ji" title="Daudzkāji – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Daudzkāji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0imtakojai" title="Šimtakojai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šimtakojai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%B6lpoetege" title="Väölpoetege – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Väölpoetege" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriapodo" title="Miriapodo – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Miriapodo" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokl%C3%A1b%C3%BAak" title="Soklábúak – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Soklábúak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Многуноги – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Многуноги" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%84" title="كثيرات الارجل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كثيرات الارجل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="مهرسیسی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مهرسیسی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duizendpotigen" title="Duizendpotigen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Duizendpotigen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B6%B3%E9%A1%9E" title="多足類 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="多足類" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCsenbianer" title="Düüsenbianer – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Düüsenbianer" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangefotinger" title="Mangefotinger – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mangefotinger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangefotingar" title="Mangefotingar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mangefotingar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miildanuuwwan_(Miriyaapodaa)" title="Miildanuuwwan (Miriyaapodaa) – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Miildanuuwwan (Miriyaapodaa)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%90" title="سرسوبلې – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سرسوبلې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapodes" title="Myriapodes – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Myriapodes" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wije" title="Wije – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wije" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriapode" title="Miriapode – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Miriapode" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millipes" title="Millipes – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Millipes" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waranqachaki" title="Waranqachaki – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Waranqachaki" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Многоножки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Многоножки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonoge" title="Stonoge – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stonoge" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Стоноге – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стоноге" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonoge" title="Stonoge – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stonoge" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhatjalkaiset" title="Tuhatjalkaiset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tuhatjalkaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5ngfotingar" title="Mångfotingar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mångfotingar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="பலகாலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பலகாலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ok_bacakl%C4%B1lar" title="Çok bacaklılar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çok bacaklılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Багатоніжки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Багатоніжки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_ng%C3%A0nh_Nhi%E1%BB%81u_ch%C3%A2n" title="Phân ngành Nhiều chân – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phân ngành Nhiều chân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Myriapoda" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B6%B3%E7%B1%BB" title="多足类 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="多足类" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B6%B3%E4%BA%9E%E9%96%80" title="多足亞門 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="多足亞門" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0imtkuojis" title="Šimtkuojis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šimtkuojis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B6%B3%E9%A1%9E" title="多足類 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="多足類" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wansugogo" title="Wansugogo – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Wansugogo" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25823#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Myriapoda" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Subphylum of arthropods</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Myriapods<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">Wenlock–Present</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:50.769230769231px; width:169.23076923077px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:73.310769230769px; width:146.68923076923px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:74.310769230769px; width:144.68923076923px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Myriapod_collage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Myriapod_collage.png/220px-Myriapod_collage.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Myriapod_collage.png/330px-Myriapod_collage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Myriapod_collage.png/440px-Myriapod_collage.png 2x" data-file-width="1381" data-file-height="971" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Representatives of the four extant myriapod classes. Clockwise from top left: <a href="/wiki/Chilopoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilopoda">Chilopoda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diplopoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplopoda">Diplopoda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphyla</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Myriapoda" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mandibulata" title="Mandibulata">Mandibulata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subphylum: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Myriapoda</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_Latreille" title="Pierre André Latreille">Latreille</a>, 1802</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Classes<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">Chilopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">Diplopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphyla</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Myriapods</b> (from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a> <i> </i><span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:μυρίος">μυρίος</a></span><i> (<span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>muríos</i></span>)</i> 'countless' and <i> </i><span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:πούς">πούς</a></span><i> (<span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>poús</i></span>)</i> 'foot') are the members of <a href="/wiki/Subphylum" title="Subphylum">subphylum</a> <b>Myriapoda</b>, containing <a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">arthropods</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">millipedes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">centipedes</a>. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_animal" title="Terrestrial animal">terrestrial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkeley_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkeley-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although molecular evidence and similar fossils suggests a diversification in the <a href="/wiki/Cambrian_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambrian Period">Cambrian Period</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkeley_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkeley-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the oldest known <a href="/wiki/Fossil_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil record">fossil record</a> of myriapods dates between the <a href="/wiki/Wenlock_Epoch" title="Wenlock Epoch">Late Silurian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Early_Devonian" title="Early Devonian">Early Devonian</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <i><a href="/wiki/Pneumodesmus" title="Pneumodesmus">Pneumodesmus</a></i> preserving the earliest known evidence of air-breathing on land.<sup id="cite_ref-myriapoda_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-myriapoda-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Garwood_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garwood-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early myriapod fossil species around the similar time period include <i><a href="/wiki/Kampecaris" title="Kampecaris">Kampecaris obanensis</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Archidesmus" title="Archidesmus">Archidesmus</a></i> sp.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetic_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylogenetic classification">phylogenetic classification</a> of myriapods is still debated. </p><p>The scientific study of myriapods is <a href="/wiki/Myriapodology" title="Myriapodology">myriapodology</a>, and those who study myriapods are myriapodologists.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anatomy">Anatomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Anatomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg/220px-HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg/330px-HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg/440px-HouseCentipedeCloseup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3884" data-file-height="2493" /></a><figcaption>The head of <i><a href="/wiki/Scutigera_coleoptrata" title="Scutigera coleoptrata">Scutigera coleoptrata</a></i>, showing <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Compound_eye" title="Compound eye">compound eyes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_mouthparts" title="Arthropod mouthparts">mouthparts</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Myriapods have a single pair of <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a> and, in most cases, simple eyes. Exceptions are the two classes symphylans and pauropods, and the millipede order <a href="/wiki/Polydesmida" title="Polydesmida">Polydesmida</a> and the centipede order <a href="/wiki/Geophilomorpha" title="Geophilomorpha">Geophilomorpha</a>, which are all eyeless.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The house centipedes (<a href="/wiki/Scutigera" title="Scutigera">Scutigera</a>) on the other hand, have large and well-developed <a href="/wiki/Compound_eye" title="Compound eye">compound eyes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Müller_2003_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Müller_2003-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_mouthparts" title="Arthropod mouthparts">mouthparts</a> lie on the underside of the head, with an "epistome" and labrum forming the upper lip, and a pair of <a href="/wiki/Maxilla_(arthropod)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxilla (arthropod)">maxillae</a> forming the lower lip. A pair of <a href="/wiki/Mandible_(arthropod)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandible (arthropod)">mandibles</a> lie inside the mouth. Myriapods breathe through <a href="/wiki/Spiracle_(arthropods)" title="Spiracle (arthropods)">spiracles</a> that connect to a <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate_trachea" class="mw-redirect" title="Invertebrate trachea">tracheal system</a> similar to that of insects. There is a long tubular heart that extends through much of the body, but usually few, if any, blood vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-IZ_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZ-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Malpighian_tubule" class="mw-redirect" title="Malpighian tubule">Malpighian tubules</a> excrete nitrogenous waste into the digestive system, which typically consists of a simple tube. Although the ventral nerve cord has a <a href="/wiki/Ganglion" title="Ganglion">ganglion</a> in each segment, the brain is relatively poorly developed.<sup id="cite_ref-IZ_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZ-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During mating, male myriapods produce a packet of sperm, or <a href="/wiki/Spermatophore" title="Spermatophore">spermatophore</a>, which they must transfer to the female externally; this process is often complex and highly developed. The female lays eggs which hatch as much-shortened versions of the adults, with only a few segments and as few as three pairs of legs. With the exception of the two centipede orders <a href="/wiki/Scolopendromorpha" title="Scolopendromorpha">Scolopendromorpha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Geophilomorpha" title="Geophilomorpha">Geophilomorpha</a>, which have epimorphic development (all body segments are formed segments embryonically), the young add additional segments and limbs as they repeatedly <a href="/wiki/Ecdysis" title="Ecdysis">moult</a> to reach the adult form.<sup id="cite_ref-IZ_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZ-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The process of adding new segments during postembryonic growth is known as <a href="/wiki/Anamorphosis_(biology)" title="Anamorphosis (biology)">anamorphosis</a>, of which there are three types: euanamorphosis, emianamorphosis, and teloanamorphosis. In euanamorphosis, every moult is followed by addition of new segments, even after reaching sexual maturity; in emianamorphosis, new segments are added until a certain stage, and further moults happen without addition of segments; and in teloanamorphosis, where the addition of new segments stops after the adult form is reached, after no further moults occur.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Myriapods" class="mw-redirect" title="Myriapods">Myriapods</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Milpi%C3%A9s_(Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus),_Hartelholz,_M%C3%BAnich,_Alemania,_2020-06-28,_DD_295-320_FS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg/200px-Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg/300px-Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg/400px-Milpi%C3%A9s_%28Cylindroiulus_caeruleocinctus%29%2C_Hartelholz%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania%2C_2020-06-28%2C_DD_295-320_FS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7643" data-file-height="3248" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Classes</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Centipedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Centipedes">Centipedes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Millipedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Millipedes">Millipedes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Symphylans" class="mw-redirect" title="Symphylans">Symphylans</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pauropods" class="mw-redirect" title="Pauropods">Pauropods</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Anatomy</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Organ_of_T%C3%B6m%C3%B6sv%C3%A1ry" title="Organ of Tömösváry">Organ of Tömösváry</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ozopore" title="Ozopore">Ozopore</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_legs" title="Ultimate legs">Ultimate legs</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Cyphopods" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyphopods">Cyphopods</a> • <a href="/wiki/Forcipules" class="mw-redirect" title="Forcipules">Forcipules</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gonopod_(millipede)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonopod (millipede)">Millipede gonopods</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Notable species</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <i><a href="/wiki/Eumillipes_persephone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eumillipes persephone">Eumillipes persephone</a></i> • <i><a href="/wiki/Eopauropus_balticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eopauropus balticus">Eopauropus balticus</a></i> • <i><a href="/wiki/Scolopendra_gigantea" title="Scolopendra gigantea">Scolopendra gigantea</a></i> • <i><a href="/wiki/Scutigerella_immaculata" title="Scutigerella immaculata">Scutigerella immaculata</a></i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Interactions with humans</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Centipede_bite" title="Centipede bite">Centipede bite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Millipede_burn" title="Millipede burn">Millipede burn</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Myriapoda_sidebar" title="Template:Myriapoda sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Myriapoda_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Myriapoda sidebar (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Myriapoda_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Myriapoda sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> Myriapods are most abundant in moist forests, where they fulfill an important role in breaking down decaying plant material,<sup id="cite_ref-Berkeley_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkeley-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although a few live in <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grasslands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-arid">semi-arid</a> habitats or even deserts.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A very small percentage of species are <a href="/wiki/Littoral" class="mw-redirect" title="Littoral">littoral</a> (found along the sea shore).<sup id="cite_ref-Barber2009_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barber2009-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Littoral_Myriapods_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Littoral_Myriapods-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority are <a href="/wiki/Detritivore" title="Detritivore">detritivorous</a>, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">centipedes</a>, which are chiefly nocturnal <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">predators</a>. </p><p>A few species of centipedes and millipedes are able to produce light and are therefore <a href="/wiki/Bioluminescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioluminescent">bioluminescent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rosenberg_&_Meyer-Rochow_2009_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg_&_Meyer-Rochow_2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pauropodan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pauropodan">Pauropodans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Symphylan" class="mw-redirect" title="Symphylan">symphylans</a> are small, sometimes microscopic animals that resemble centipedes superficially and live in <a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">soils</a>. Millipedes differ from the other groups in having their <a href="/wiki/Body_segment" class="mw-redirect" title="Body segment">body segments</a> fused into pairs, giving the appearance that each segment bears two pairs of <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_leg" title="Arthropod leg">legs</a>, while the other three groups have a single pair of legs on each body segment. </p><p>Although not generally considered dangerous to humans, many millipedes produce noxious <a href="/wiki/Secretion" title="Secretion">secretions</a> (often containing <a href="/wiki/Benzoquinones" class="mw-redirect" title="Benzoquinones">benzoquinones</a>) which in rare cases can cause temporary <a href="/wiki/Blister" title="Blister">blistering</a> and discolouration of the skin.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large centipedes, however, can bite humans, and although the bite may cause intense pain and discomfort, fatalities are extremely rare.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scolopendra_fg01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Scolopendra_fg01.JPG/220px-Scolopendra_fg01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Scolopendra_fg01.JPG/330px-Scolopendra_fg01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Scolopendra_fg01.JPG/440px-Scolopendra_fg01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Scolopendra_cingulata" title="Scolopendra cingulata">Scolopendra cingulata</a></i>, a centipede</figcaption></figure><p>There has been much debate as to which arthropod group is most closely related to the Myriapoda.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/Mandibulata" title="Mandibulata">Mandibulata</a> hypothesis, Myriapoda is the <a href="/wiki/Sister_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister taxon">sister taxon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pancrustacea" title="Pancrustacea">Pancrustacea</a>, a group comprising the <a href="/wiki/Crustacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Crustacea">Crustacea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hexapoda" title="Hexapoda">Hexapoda</a> (insects and their close relatives). Under the <a href="/wiki/Atelocerata" title="Atelocerata">Atelocerata</a> hypothesis, <a href="/wiki/Hexapoda" title="Hexapoda">Hexapoda</a> is the closest, whereas under the <a href="/wiki/Paradoxopoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Paradoxopoda">Paradoxopoda</a> hypothesis, <a href="/wiki/Chelicerata" title="Chelicerata">Chelicerata</a> is the closest. This last hypothesis, although supported by few, if any, morphological characters, is supported by a number of <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">molecular studies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2020 study found numerous characters of the eye and preoral region suggesting that the closest relatives to <a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">crown</a> myriapods are the extinct <a href="/wiki/Euthycarcinoidea" title="Euthycarcinoidea">Euthycarcinoids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are four classes of extant myriapods, <a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">Chilopoda</a> (centipedes), <a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">Diplopoda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphyla</a>, containing a total of around 12,000 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While each of these groups of myriapods is believed to be <a href="/wiki/Monophyly" title="Monophyly">monophyletic</a>, relationships among them are less certain.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Centipedes">Centipedes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Centipedes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">Centipede</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg/220px-Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg/330px-Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg/440px-Tachypodoiulus_niger_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2175" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Tachypodoiulus_niger" title="Tachypodoiulus niger">Tachypodoiulus niger</a></i>, a millipede</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scutigerella_42508806.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Scutigerella_42508806.jpg/220px-Scutigerella_42508806.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Scutigerella_42508806.jpg/330px-Scutigerella_42508806.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Scutigerella_42508806.jpg/440px-Scutigerella_42508806.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1538" /></a><figcaption>A species of <i><a href="/wiki/Scutigerella" title="Scutigerella">Scutigerella</a>,</i> a genus of Symphylan.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">Centipedes</a> make up the class Chilopoda. They are fast, <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">predatory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venom" title="Venom">venomous</a>, hunting mostly at night. There are around 3,300 species,<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ranging from the diminutive <i><a href="/wiki/Nannarrup_hoffmani" class="mw-redirect" title="Nannarrup hoffmani">Nannarrup hoffmani</a></i> (less than 12 mm or <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in in length)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the giant <i><a href="/wiki/Scolopendra_gigantea" title="Scolopendra gigantea">Scolopendra gigantea</a></i>, which may exceed 30 centimetres (12 in). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Millipedes">Millipedes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Millipedes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">Millipede</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">Millipedes</a> form the class Diplopoda. Most millipedes are slower than centipedes, and feed on <a href="/wiki/Leaf_litter" class="mw-redirect" title="Leaf litter">leaf litter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Detritus" title="Detritus">detritus</a>. Except for the first segment called collum, which don't have any appendages, and the next three segments with a single pair of legs each, they are distinguished by the fusion of each pair of <a href="/wiki/Body_segment" class="mw-redirect" title="Body segment">body segments</a> into a single unit, giving the appearance of having two pairs of legs per segment. It is also common for the sternites, pleurites and tergites to fuse into rigid armour rings.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The males produce aflagellate sperm cells, unlike the rest of the myriapods which produce flagellated sperm.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 12,000 species have been described, which may represent less than a tenth of the true global millipede diversity.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the name "millipede" is a <a href="/wiki/Compound_word" class="mw-redirect" title="Compound word">compound word</a> formed from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> roots <i>millia</i> ("thousand") and <i>pes</i> (gen. <i>pedis</i>) ("foot"), millipedes typically have between 36 and 400 legs. In 2021, however, was described <i><a href="/wiki/Eumillipes_persephone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eumillipes persephone">Eumillipes persephone</a>,</i> the first species known to have 1,000 or more legs, possessing 1,306 of them.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pill_millipede" title="Pill millipede">Pill millipedes</a> are much shorter, and are capable of rolling up into a ball, like <a href="/wiki/Armadillidiidae" title="Armadillidiidae">pillbugs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symphyla">Symphyla</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Symphyla"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphyla</a></div><p><a href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphylans</a>, or garden centipedes, are closely related to centipedes and millipedes.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are 3 to 6 cm long, and have 6 to 12 pairs of legs, depending on their life stage.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their eggs, which are white and spherical and covered with small hexagonal ridges, are laid in batches of 4 to 25 at a time, and usually take up to 40 days to hatch.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are about 200 species worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Pauropoda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurypauropodid_(12742282145)_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg/220px-Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg/330px-Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg/440px-Eurypauropodid_%2812742282145%29_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1649" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Eurypauropodidae" title="Eurypauropodidae">Eurypauropodid</a> Pauropod.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a> is another small group of small myriapods. They are typically 0.5–2.0 mm long and live in the soil on all continents except <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Over 700 species have been described.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are believed to be the <a href="/wiki/Sister_group" title="Sister group">sister group</a> to millipedes, and have the dorsal <a href="/wiki/Tergite" class="mw-redirect" title="Tergite">tergites</a> fused across pairs of segments, similar to the more complete fusion of segments seen in millipedes.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arthropleuridea">Arthropleuridea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Arthropleuridea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Arthropleuridea" title="Arthropleuridea">Arthropleuridea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png/220px-20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png/330px-20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png/440px-20211224_Arthropleura_armata_diagrammatic_reconstruction.png 2x" data-file-width="2440" data-file-height="1340" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Arthropleura" title="Arthropleura">Arthropleura armata</a></i>, an arthropleuridean</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Arthropleuridea" title="Arthropleuridea">Arthropleurideans</a> were ancient myriapods that are now extinct, known from the late <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a>. The most famous members are from the <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Arthropleura" title="Arthropleura">Arthropleura</a></i>, which was a giant, probably <a href="/wiki/Herbivore" title="Herbivore">herbivorous</a>, animal that could be up to 2.63 metres (8 ft 8 in) long,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the group also includes species less than 1 cm (0.39 in). Arthropleuridea was historically considered a distinct class of myriapods, but since 2000 scientific consensus has viewed the group as a subset of millipedes, although the relationship of arthropleurideans to other millipedes and to each other is debated.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson&Shear2000_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson&Shear2000-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Myriapod_relationships">Myriapod relationships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Myriapod relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png/220px-Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="429" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png/330px-Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Various_myriapod_phylogenies.png 2x" data-file-width="332" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption>Some of the various hypotheses of myriapod phylogeny. Morphological studies (trees a and b) support a sister grouping of Diplopoda and Pauropoda, while studies of DNA or amino acid similarities suggest a variety of different relationships, including the relationship of Pauropoda and Symphyla in tree c.</figcaption></figure> <p>A variety of groupings (<a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clades</a>) of the myriapod classes have been proposed, some of which are mutually exclusive, and all of which represent hypotheses of evolutionary relationships. Traditional relationships supported by morphological similarities (anatomical or developmental similarities) are challenged by newer relationships supported by molecular evidence (including <a href="/wiki/DNA_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA sequence">DNA sequence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acid</a> similarities).<sup id="cite_ref-Edgecombe&Giribet2002_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edgecombe&Giribet2002-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miyazawa_et_al_2014_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miyazawa_et_al_2014-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Dignatha</b> (also called Collifera) is a clade consisting of millipedes and pauropods, and is supported by morphological similarities including the presence of a <a href="/wiki/Gnathochilarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnathochilarium">gnathochilarium</a> (a modified jaw and plate apparatus) and a <a href="/wiki/Collum_(millipedes)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collum (millipedes)">collum</a>, a legless segment behind the head.</li> <li><b>Trignatha</b> (also called Atelopoda) is a grouping of centipedes and symphylans, united by similarities of mouthparts.</li> <li><b>Edafopoda</b> is a grouping of symphylans and pauropodans that is supported by shared genetic sequences, yet conflicts with Dignatha and Trignatha.<sup id="cite_ref-Zwick_et_al_2012_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zwick_et_al_2012-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Pectinopoda</b> consist of millipedes and centipedes, a classification that also supports Edafopoda.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Progoneata</b> is a group encompassing millipedes, pauropods and symphylans while excluding centipedes. Shared features include reproductive openings (<a href="/wiki/Gonopore" title="Gonopore">gonopores</a>) behind the second body segment, and sensory hairs (<a href="/wiki/Trichobothria" title="Trichobothria">trichobothria</a>) with a bulb-like swelling. It is compatible with either Dignatha or Edafopoda.<sup id="cite_ref-Miyazawa_et_al_2014_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miyazawa_et_al_2014-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cercophonius_squama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/32px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/48px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/64px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1974" data-file-height="1606" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arthropods" title="Portal:Arthropods">Arthropods portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euthycarcinoidea" title="Euthycarcinoidea">Euthycarcinoidea</a>, a group of enigmatic arthropods that may be ancestral to myriapods</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_history_of_life#Colonization_of_land" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary history of life">Colonization of land</a>, major evolutionary stages leading to terrestrial organisms</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamerism_(biology)" title="Metamerism (biology)">Metamerism</a>, the condition of multiple linearly repeated body segments</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=563885">"Myriapoda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information 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(2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502419">"Resolving Discrepancy between Nucleotides and Amino Acids in Deep-Level Arthropod Phylogenomics: Differentiating Serine Codons in 21-Amino-Acid Models"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>7</b> (11): e47450. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PLoSO...747450Z">2012PLoSO...747450Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0047450">10.1371/journal.pone.0047450</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502419">3502419</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23185239">23185239</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Resolving+Discrepancy+between+Nucleotides+and+Amino+Acids+in+Deep-Level+Arthropod+Phylogenomics%3A+Differentiating+Serine+Codons+in+21-Amino-Acid+Models&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=e47450&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3502419%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23185239&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0047450&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012PLoSO...747450Z&rft.aulast=Zwick&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft.au=Regier%2C+Jerome+C.&rft.au=Zwickl%2C+Derrick+J.&rft.au=Gadagkar%2C+Sudhindra+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3502419&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyriapoda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790322002342?via%3Dihub">Re-evaluating and dating myriapod diversification with phylotranscriptomics under a regime of dense taxon sampling</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adp6362">Head anatomy and phylogenomics show the Carboniferous giant Arthropleura belonged to a millipede-centipede group</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriapoda&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bmig.org.uk/">British Myriapod and Isopod Group</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023101805/http://nadiplochilo.com/index.html">Myriapods, the World's Leggiest Animals - North America</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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title="Eumetazoa">Eumetazoa</a></li> <li>(unranked) <a href="/wiki/Bilateria" title="Bilateria">Bilateria</a></li> <li>(unranked) <a href="/wiki/Protostome" title="Protostome">Protostomia</a></li> <li>Superphylum <a href="/wiki/Ecdysozoa" title="Ecdysozoa">Ecdysozoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chelicerata" title="Chelicerata">Chelicerata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_spider" title="Sea spider">Pycnogonida (sea spiders)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Euchelicerata" class="mw-redirect" title="Euchelicerata">Euchelicerata</a></th><td 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href="/wiki/Symphyla" title="Symphyla">Symphyla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauropoda" title="Pauropoda">Pauropoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millipede" title="Millipede">Diplopoda (millipedes)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancrustacea" title="Pancrustacea">Pancrustacea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">Crustacea</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ostracod" title="Ostracod">Ostracoda (seed shrimps)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystacocarida" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystacocarida">Mystacocarida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentastomida" title="Pentastomida">Pentastomida (tongue worms)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchiura" class="mw-redirect" title="Branchiura">Branchiura (fish lice)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca (woodlice, shrimps, crayfish, lobsters, crabs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thecostraca" title="Thecostraca">Thecostraca (barnacles and relatives)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copepod" title="Copepod">Copepoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantulocarida" title="Tantulocarida">Tantulocarida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalocarida" title="Cephalocarida">Cephalocarida (horseshoe shrimps)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchiopoda" title="Branchiopoda">Branchiopoda (fairy, tadpole, clam shrimps, water fleas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remipedia" title="Remipedia">Remipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hexapoda" title="Hexapoda">Hexapoda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protura" title="Protura">Protura (coneheads)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springtail" title="Springtail">Collembola (springtails)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplura" title="Diplura">Diplura (two-pronged bristletails)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insecta (insects)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>italic</i> are paraphyletic groups</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Myriapoda</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25823" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q25823">Q25823</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Myriapoda" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Myriapoda">Myriapoda</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Myriapoda/">Myriapoda</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Myriapoda">Myriapoda</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id14971">14971</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BugGuide" title="BugGuide">BugGuide</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/369633">369633</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/2631567">2631567</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1MYRIQ">1MYRIQ</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:15590">15590</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/79502a1f-f40d-4657-a3c7-503d64e2d067">79502a1f-f40d-4657-a3c7-503d64e2d067</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/144128">144128</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=222">222</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=563885">563885</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MilliBase" title="MilliBase">MilliBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://millibase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1277">1277</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=61985">61985</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/e0fb4fc6-0ef3-406c-bcea-6c84707f8ffc">e0fb4fc6-0ef3-406c-bcea-6c84707f8ffc</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=177526">177526</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=291092">291092</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1277">1277</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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