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id="toc-List_of_secretaries_general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_secretaries_general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of secretaries general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_secretaries_general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="الأكاديمية الملكية السويدية للعلوم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأكاديمية الملكية السويدية للعلوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_de_les_Ciencies_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia de les Ciencies de Suecia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Real Academia de les Ciencies de Suecia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7_Kral_Elml%C9%99r_Akademiyas%C4%B1" title="İsveç Kral Elmlər Akademiyası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İsveç Kral Elmlər Akademiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="রাজকীয় সুয়েডীয় বিজ্ঞান একাডেমি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাজকীয় সুয়েডীয় বিজ্ঞান একাডেমি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Шведская каралеўская акадэмія навук – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шведская каралеўская акадэмія навук" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Швэдзкая каралеўская акадэмія навук – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Швэдзкая каралеўская акадэмія навук" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Кралска шведска академия на науките – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кралска шведска академия на науките" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reial_Acad%C3%A8mia_Sueca_de_Ci%C3%A8ncies" title="Reial Acadèmia Sueca de Ciències – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reial Acadèmia Sueca de Ciències" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A1_%C5%A1v%C3%A9dsk%C3%A1_akademie_v%C4%9Bd" title="Královská švédská akademie věd – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Královská švédská akademie věd" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien" title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6niglich_Schwedische_Akademie_der_Wissenschaften" title="Königlich Schwedische Akademie der Wissenschaften – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Königlich Schwedische Akademie der Wissenschaften" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuninglik_Teaduste_Akadeemia" title="Kuninglik Teaduste Akadeemia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuninglik Teaduste Akadeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B7%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Σουηδική Βασιλική Ακαδημία των Επιστημών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουηδική Βασιλική Ακαδημία των Επιστημών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_de_las_Ciencias_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia de las Ciencias de Suecia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Real Academia de las Ciencias de Suecia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C4%9Da_Sveda_Akademio_de_Sciencoj" title="Reĝa Sveda Akademio de Sciencoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reĝa Sveda Akademio de Sciencoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suediako_Zientzien_Errege_Akademia" title="Suediako Zientzien Errege Akademia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suediako Zientzien Errege Akademia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%AF" title="فرهنگستان علوم پادشاهی سوئد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرهنگستان علوم پادشاهی سوئد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_royale_des_sciences_de_Su%C3%A8de" title="Académie royale des sciences de Suède – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Académie royale des sciences de Suède" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acadamh_R%C3%ACoghail_Shuaineach_nan_Saidheansan" title="Acadamh Rìoghail Shuaineach nan Saidheansan – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Acadamh Rìoghail Shuaineach nan Saidheansan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_das_Ciencias_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%A8%EB%8D%B4_%EC%99%95%EB%A6%BD_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99%ED%95%9C%EB%A6%BC%EC%9B%90" title="스웨덴 왕립 과학한림원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스웨덴 왕립 과학한림원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Շվեդիայի գիտությունների թագավորական ակադեմիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շվեդիայի գիտությունների թագավորական ակադեմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="शाही स्वीडिश विज्ञान अकादमी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शाही स्वीडिश विज्ञान अकादमी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akademi_Ilmu_Pengetahuan_Kerajaan_Swedia" title="Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Kerajaan Swedia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Kerajaan Swedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konunglega_s%C3%A6nska_v%C3%ADsindaakadem%C3%ADan" title="Konunglega sænska vísindaakademían – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Konunglega sænska vísindaakademían" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accademia_reale_svedese_delle_scienze" title="Accademia reale svedese delle scienze – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Accademia reale svedese delle scienze" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D" title="האקדמיה המלכותית השוודית למדעים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האקדמיה המלכותית השוודית למדעים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regia_Academia_Scientiarum_Suecica" title="Regia Academia Scientiarum Suecica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regia Academia Scientiarum Suecica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweedesch_Akademie_vun_de_W%C3%ABssenschaften" title="Schweedesch Akademie vun de Wëssenschaften – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schweedesch Akademie vun de Wëssenschaften" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedijos_karali%C5%A1koji_moksl%C5%B3_akademija" title="Švedijos karališkoji mokslų akademija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Švedijos karališkoji mokslų akademija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A9d_Kir%C3%A1lyi_Tudom%C3%A1nyos_Akad%C3%A9mia" title="Svéd Királyi Tudományos Akadémia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Svéd Királyi Tudományos Akadémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_(%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кралска академија на науките (Шведска) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кралска академија на науките (Шведска)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="الاكاديميه الملكيه السويديه للعلوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاكاديميه الملكيه السويديه للعلوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akademi_Sains_Diraja_Sweden" title="Akademi Sains Diraja Sweden – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Akademi Sains Diraja Sweden" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweedse_Academie_van_Wetenschappen" title="Zweedse Academie van Wetenschappen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zweedse Academie van Wetenschappen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E7%8E%8B%E7%AB%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%83%87%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC" title="スウェーデン王立科学アカデミー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スウェーデン王立科学アカデミー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien" title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien" title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shvetsiya_qirollik_fanlar_akademiyasi" title="Shvetsiya qirollik fanlar akademiyasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shvetsiya qirollik fanlar akademiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="سائنس دی شاہی سویڈنی اکیڈمی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائنس دی شاہی سویڈنی اکیڈمی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lewska_Szwedzka_Akademia_Nauk" title="Królewska Szwedzka Akademia Nauk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królewska Szwedzka Akademia Nauk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Real_das_Ci%C3%AAncias_da_Su%C3%A9cia" title="Academia Real das Ciências da Suécia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Academia Real das Ciências da Suécia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Regal%C4%83_Suedez%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be" title="Academia Regală Suedeză de Științe – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Academia Regală Suedeză de Științe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Шведская королевская академия наук – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шведская королевская академия наук" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovsk%C3%A1_%C5%A1v%C3%A9dska_akad%C3%A9mia_vied" title="Kráľovská švédska akadémia vied – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kráľovská švédska akadémia vied" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljeva_%C5%A1vedska_akademija_znanosti" title="Kraljeva švedska akademija znanosti – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kraljeva švedska akademija znanosti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шведска краљевска академија наука – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шведска краљевска академија наука" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruotsin_kuninkaallinen_tiedeakatemia" title="Ruotsin kuninkaallinen tiedeakatemia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ruotsin kuninkaallinen tiedeakatemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien" title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takadimt_Tageldant_i_tussniwin_n_Swid" title="Takadimt Tageldant i tussniwin n Swid – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Takadimt Tageldant i tussniwin n Swid" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7_Kraliyet_Bilimler_Akademisi" title="İsveç Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İsveç Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aka%CC%B1demi_Sayen_Tyok_Swidin" title="Aka̱demi Sayen Tyok Swidin – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Aka̱demi Sayen Tyok Swidin" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Шведська королівська академія наук – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шведська королівська академія наук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B4_%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B2" title="رائل سویڈش اکیڈمی آف سائنسز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رائل سویڈش اکیڈمی آف سائنسز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87n_H%C3%A0n_l%C3%A2m_Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Ho%C3%A0ng_gia_Th%E1%BB%A5y_%C4%90i%E1%BB%83n" title="Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học Hoàng gia Thụy Điển – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học Hoàng gia Thụy Điển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="瑞典皇家科学院 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="瑞典皇家科学院" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="瑞典皇家科学院 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑞典皇家科学院" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sweden's national academy of sciences</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="sv">Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_(KVA)_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/27/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg/220px-Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/27/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg/330px-Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/27/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg/440px-Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28KVA%29_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="208" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_(Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien),_Frescati,_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden,_Stockholm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg/270px-Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg/405px-Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg/540px-Main_building_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences_%28Kungliga_Vetenskapsakademien%29%2C_Frescati%2C_Norra_Djurg%C3%A5rden%2C_Stockholm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Main building of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">2 June 1739<span class="noprint">; 285 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2 June 1739</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, Sweden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data">470 Members<br />(including 175 Foreign members)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Birgitta_Henriques_Normark" class="mw-redirect" title="Birgitta Henriques Normark">Birgitta Henriques Normark</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Secretary General</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Ellegren" title="Hans Ellegren">Hans Ellegren</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/">www<wbr />.kva<wbr />.se</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191583#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</b> (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien</i>) is one of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Royal_Academies" title="Swedish Royal Academies">royal academies</a> of Sweden. Founded on 2 June 1739, it is an independent, non-governmental scientific organization that takes special responsibility for promoting <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural sciences</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> and strengthening their influence in society, whilst endeavouring to promote the exchange of ideas between various disciplines. </p><p>The goals of the academy are: </p> <ul><li>To be a forum where researchers meet across subject boundaries,</li> <li>To offer a unique environment for research,</li> <li>To provide support to younger researchers,</li> <li>To reward outstanding research efforts,</li> <li>To communicate internationally among scientists,</li> <li>To advance the case for science within society and to influence research policy priorities</li> <li>To stimulate interest in mathematics and science in school, and</li> <li>To disseminate and popularize scientific information in various forms.</li></ul> <p>Every year, the academy awards the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prizes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">physics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">chemistry</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Crafoord_Prize" title="Crafoord Prize">Crafoord Prize</a>, the <a href="/wiki/The_Sj%C3%B6berg_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sjöberg Prize">Sjöberg Prize</a> and several other awards. The academy maintains close relations with foreign academies, learned societies and international scientific organizations and also promotes international scientific cooperation. The Academy of Sciences is located within the <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> region's <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_City_Park" title="Royal National City Park">Royal National City Park</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prizes">Prizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg/325px-Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg/488px-Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg/650px-Nobel2008Chemistry_news_conference0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3716" data-file-height="2404" /></a><figcaption>Nobel Chemistry Prize, news conference (2008)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_prizes">International prizes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: International prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prizes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Riksbank_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences_in_Memory_of_Alfred_Nobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel">Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crafoord_Prize" title="Crafoord Prize">Crafoord Prizes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoscience" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoscience">geosciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bioscience" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioscience">biosciences</a> (with an emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecology</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Polyarthritis" title="Polyarthritis">polyarthritis</a> (for example rheumatoid arthritis)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sj%C3%B6berg_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sjöberg Prize">Sjöberg Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for research in cancer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Schock_Prizes" title="Rolf Schock Prizes">Rolf Schock Prizes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic">logic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mathematics, <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">visual arts</a> and musical arts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregori_Aminoff_Prize" title="Gregori Aminoff Prize">Gregori Aminoff Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crystallography" title="Crystallography">crystallography</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tobias Prize<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for research to treat <a href="/wiki/Hematological_disorders" class="mw-redirect" title="Hematological disorders">hematological disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Radiation_Protection_Association#Gold_Medal_for_Radiation_Protection" title="International Radiation Protection Association">Gold Medal for Radiation Protection</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_prizes">National prizes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: National prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Göran Gustafsson Prize for research in chemistry, mathematics, <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">molecular biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> and physics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6derberg_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Söderberg Prize">Söderberg Prize</a> for research in <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jurisprudence" title="Jurisprudence">jurisprudence</a> or medicine</li> <li>Ingvar Lindqvist Prizes for teachers in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and <a href="/wiki/Natural_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural sciences">natural sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander_Prize" title="Tage Erlander Prize">Tage Erlander Prize</a> "for research in natural sciences and <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a>" in four fields (physics, chemistry, technology and biology)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members">Members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The academy has elected about 1,700 Swedish and 1,200 foreign members since it was founded in 1739. Today, the academy has about 470 Swedish and 175 foreign members which are divided into ten "classes", representing ten various scientific disciplines:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy and space science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Geosciences">Geosciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosciences">Biosciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">Medical sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineering science">Engineering sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_science" title="Social science">Social sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">Humanities</a> and "for outstanding services to science"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_secretaries_general">List of secretaries general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of secretaries general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Special:EditPage/Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken,_1712-1789_(Carl_Fredrich_Brander)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif/lossy-page1-200px-Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif/lossy-page1-300px-Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif/lossy-page1-400px-Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken%2C_1712-1789_%28Carl_Fredrich_Brander%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_16197.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3412" data-file-height="4396" /></a><figcaption>Anders Johan von Höpken, the first Secretary</figcaption></figure> <p>The following persons have served as permanent secretaries of the academy: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken" title="Anders Johan von Höpken">Anders Johan von Höpken</a>, 1739–1740, 1740–1741</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustin_Ehrensv%C3%A4rd" title="Augustin Ehrensvärd">Augustin Ehrensvärd</a>, April – June 1740</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Faggot" title="Jacob Faggot">Jacob Faggot</a>, 1741–1744</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pehr_Elvius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pehr Elvius (page does not exist)">Pehr Elvius</a>, 1744–1749</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehr_Wilhelm_Wargentin" title="Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin">Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin</a>, 1749–1783</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Carl_Wilcke" class="mw-redirect" title="Johan Carl Wilcke">Johan Carl Wilcke</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henrik_Nicander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henrik Nicander (page does not exist)">Henrik Nicander</a>, 1784–1796</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Melanderhjelm" title="Daniel Melanderhjelm">Daniel Melanderhjelm</a> and Henrik Nicander, 1796–1803</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Svanberg" title="Jöns Svanberg">Jöns Svanberg</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Gustaf_Sj%C3%B6st%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Gustaf Sjöstén (page does not exist)">Carl Gustaf Sjöstén</a> 1803–1808; Sjöstén was removed 1808 for negligence of his duties</li> <li>Jöns Svanberg, 1809–1811</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Swartz" title="Olof Swartz">Olof Swartz</a>, 1811–1818</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jacob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jacob Berzelius">Jöns Jacob Berzelius</a>, 1818–1848</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fredrik_Wahlberg" title="Peter Fredrik Wahlberg">Peter Fredrik Wahlberg</a>, 1848–1866</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Lindhagen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Lindhagen (page does not exist)">Georg Lindhagen</a>, 1866–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Aurivillius" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Aurivillius">Christopher Aurivillius</a>, 1901–1923</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Gustaf_S%C3%B6derbaum" title="Henrik Gustaf Söderbaum">Henrik Gustaf Söderbaum</a>, 1923–1933</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henning_Pleijel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henning Pleijel (page does not exist)">Henning Pleijel</a>, 1933–1943</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arne_Westgren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arne Westgren (page does not exist)">Arne Westgren</a>, 1943–1959</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_Rudberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik Rudberg (page does not exist)">Erik Rudberg</a>, 1959–1972</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Bernhard" title="Carl Gustaf Bernhard">Carl Gustaf Bernhard</a>, 1973–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tord_Ganelius" title="Tord Ganelius">Tord Ganelius</a>, 1981–1989</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Olof_Jacobson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Olof Jacobson (page does not exist)">Carl-Olof Jacobson</a>, 1989–1997</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erling_Norrby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erling Norrby (page does not exist)">Erling Norrby</a>, 1997–30 June 2003</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_%C3%96quist" title="Gunnar Öquist">Gunnar Öquist</a>, 1 July 2003 – 30 June 2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffan_Normark" title="Staffan Normark">Staffan Normark</a>, 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_K._Hansson" title="Göran K. Hansson">Göran K. Hansson</a>, 1 July 2015 – 31 December 2021<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Ellegren" title="Hans Ellegren">Hans Ellegren</a>, 1 January 2022–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg/200px-Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg/300px-Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg/400px-Vetenskapsakademiens_handlingar_1750_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption><i>Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens handlingar</i>, volume XI (1750).</figcaption></figure> <p>The transactions of the academy (<i>Vetenskapsakademiens handlingar</i>) were published as its main series between 1739 and 1974. In parallel, other major series have appeared and gone: </p> <ul><li><i>Öfversigt af Kungl. Vetenskapsakademiens förhandlingar</i> (1844–1903)</li> <li><i>Bihang till Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar</i> (1872–1902)</li> <li><i>Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok</i> (1903–1969)</li></ul> <p>The academy started publishing annual reports in physics and chemistry (1826), technology (1827), botany (1831), and zoology (1832). These lasted into the 1860s, when they were replaced by the single <i>Bihang</i> series (meaning: supplement to the transactions). Starting in 1887, this series was once again split into four sections (<i>afdelning</i>), which in 1903, became independent <a href="/wiki/Scientific_journal" title="Scientific journal">scientific journals</a> of their own, titled "Arkiv för..." (archive for...). These included: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arkiv_f%C3%B6r_botanik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arkiv för botanik (page does not exist)">Arkiv för botanik</a></i> (1903–1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arkiv_f%C3%B6r_kemi,_mineralogi_och_geologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arkiv för kemi, mineralogi och geologi (page does not exist)">Arkiv för kemi, mineralogi och geologi</a></i> (1903–1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arkiv_f%C3%B6r_matematik,_astronomi_och_fysik" title="Arkiv för matematik, astronomi och fysik">Arkiv för matematik, astronomi och fysik</a></i> (1903–1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arkiv_f%C3%B6r_Zoologi" title="Arkiv för Zoologi">Arkiv för Zoologi</a></i> (1903–1974)</li></ul> <p>Further restructuring of their topics occurred in 1949 and 1974. Other defunct journals of the academy include: </p> <ul><li><i>Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence</i> (1997–2001)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Current publications</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ambio" title="Ambio">Ambio</a></i> (1972–)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Mathematica" title="Acta Mathematica">Acta Mathematica</a></i> (1882–)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arkiv_f%C3%B6r_Matematik" title="Arkiv för Matematik">Arkiv för Matematik</a></i> (1949– with this title; 1903–1949 also including physics and astronomy)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Zoologica" title="Acta Zoologica">Acta Zoologica</a></i> (1920–)</li> <li><i>Levnadsteckningar över Vetenskapsakademiens ledamöter</i> (1869–), biographies of deceased members</li> <li><i>Porträttmatrikel</i> (1971–), portraits of current members</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zoologica_Scripta" title="Zoologica Scripta">Zoologica Scripta</a></i> (1972–), jointly with the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The academy was founded on 2 June 1739 by naturalist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>, mercantilist <a href="/wiki/Jonas_Alstr%C3%B6mer" title="Jonas Alströmer">Jonas Alströmer</a>, mechanical engineer <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5rten_Triewald" title="Mårten Triewald">Mårten Triewald</a>, civil servants <a href="/wiki/Sten_Carl_Bielke" title="Sten Carl Bielke">Sten Carl Bielke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Cederhielm" title="Carl Wilhelm Cederhielm">Carl Wilhelm Cederhielm</a>, and statesman/author <a href="/wiki/Anders_Johan_von_H%C3%B6pken" title="Anders Johan von Höpken">Anders Johan von Höpken</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kva-history_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kva-history-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The purpose of the academy was to focus on practically useful knowledge, and to publish in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> in order to widely disseminate the academy's findings. The academy was intended to be different from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Sciences_in_Uppsala" title="Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala">Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala</a>, which had been founded in 1719 and published in <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>. The location close to the commercial activities in Sweden's capital (which unlike <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a> did not have a university at this time) was also intentional. The academy was modeled after the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Society of London">Royal Society of London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academie_Royale_des_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Academie Royale des Sciences">Academie Royale des Sciences</a> in Paris, France, which some of the founding members were familiar with.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Category:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences">Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/nobelprisen">"Nobel Prizes – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Nobel+Prizes+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Fnobelprisen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/ekonomipriset">"Prize in Economic Sciences – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Prize+in+Economic+Sciences+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Fekonomipriset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/crafoordpriset">"Crafoord Prize – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Crafoord+Prize+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Fcrafoordpriset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser">"Sjöberg Prize – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Sj%C3%B6berg+Prize+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/rolf-schockprisen">"Rolf Schock Prizes – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Rolf+Schock+Prizes+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Frolf-schockprisen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/gregori-aminoffs-pris">"Gregori Aminoff Prize – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Gregori+Aminoff+Prize+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Fgregori-aminoffs-pris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/priser/tobias-priset">"Tobias Prize – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=Tobias+Prize+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fpriser%2Ftobias-priset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrp.org/page.asp?id=411">"ICRP - Awards"</a>. <i>www.icrp.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.icrp.org&rft.atitle=ICRP+-+Awards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrp.org%2Fpage.asp%3Fid%3D411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/om-oss/ledamoter">"The members – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>. <i>www.kva.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kva.se&rft.atitle=The+members+%E2%80%93+The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2Fom-oss%2Fledamoter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Center for Molecular Medicine, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmm.ki.se/en/news/goran-k-hansson-new-permanent-secretary-for-the-royal-swedish-academy-of-sciences/">"Göran K. Hansson new Permanent Secretary for the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences"</a>, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1001705427"><i>Electronic transactions on artificial intelligence : ETAI. (Journal, magazine, 1997) [WorldCat.org]</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1001705427">1001705427</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2020</span> – via worldcat.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Electronic+transactions+on+artificial+intelligence+%3A+ETAI.+%28Journal%2C+magazine%2C+1997%29+%5BWorldCat.org%5D&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1001705427&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1001705427&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kva-history-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kva-history_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/About-the-academy/History/">"History"</a>. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=The+Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2FAbout-the-academy%2FHistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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exist)">ANPOCS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_National_de_la_Recherche_Scientifique_et_Technologique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (page does not exist)">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Cameroon Academy of Sciences">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Research_Council_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Research Council (Canada)">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_Sciences_and_Humanities_Research_Council" title="Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council">SSHRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Chilena_de_Ciencias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Chilena de Ciencias (page does not exist)">Chile</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Academy_of_Athens_(modern)" title="Academy of Athens (modern)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_de_Ciencias_M%C3%A9dicas_Fisicas_y_Naturales_de_Guatemala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia de Ciencias Médicas Fisicas y Naturales de Guatemala (page does not exist)">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_Honduras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Academy of Sciences of Honduras (page does not exist)">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Hungarian Academy of Sciences">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Science_Academy" title="Indian National Science Academy">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Council_of_Social_Science_Research" title="Indian Council of Social Science Research">ICSSR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Research_and_Innovation_Agency_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Research and Innovation Agency (Indonesia)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tehran" title="University of Tehran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Iraq)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (Iraq) (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Academy" title="Royal Irish Academy">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Humanities" title="Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Research_Council_(Italy)" title="National Research Council (Italy)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientific_Research_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientific Research Council (page does not exist)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Council_of_Japan" title="Science Council of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Scientific_Society" title="Royal Scientific Society">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Kenya National Academy of Sciences">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Korea" title="Academy of Sciences of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Korea">South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_Social_Science_Research_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korean Social Science Research Council (page does not exist)">KSSRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Academy_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Korean Academy of Science and Technology">KAST</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lao_National_Science_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lao National Science Council (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Latvian Academy of Sciences">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_for_Scientific_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council for Scientific Research (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department_of_Science_and_Technology_(Lesotho)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Department of Science and Technology (Lesotho) (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Lithuanian Academy of Sciences">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luxembourg_National_Research_Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luxembourg National Research Fund (page does not exist)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minist%C3%A8re_de_l%27Enseignement_Sup%C3%A9rieur_et_de_la_Recherche_Scientifique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Commission_for_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Commission for Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Sciences_Malaysia" title="Academy of Sciences Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauritius_Academy_of_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauritius Academy of Science (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Mexican Academy of Sciences">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consejo_Mexicano_de_Ciencias_Sociales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consejo Mexicano de Ciencias Sociales (page does not exist)">COMECSO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Sciences_of_Moldova" title="Academy of Sciences of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_Scientifique_de_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre Scientifique de Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Mongolian Academy of Sciences">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hassan_II_Academy_for_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hassan II Academy for Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientific_Research_Association_of_Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientific Research Association of Mozambique (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Commission_on_Research,_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Commission on Research, Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Academy_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Nepal Academy of Science and Technology">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_Te_Ap%C4%81rangi" title="Royal Society Te Apārangi">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Academy_of_Science" title="Nigerian Academy of Science">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Academy_of_Science_and_Letters" title="Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters">Norway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bergen" title="University of Bergen">UB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Council_of_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Council of Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Panama" title="University of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Nacional_de_Ciencias_(Peru)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Nacional de Ciencias (Peru) (page does not exist)">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Research_Council_(Philippines)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Research Council (Philippines) (page does not exist)">Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippine_Social_Science_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippine Social Science Council (page does not exist)">PSSC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Polish Academy of Sciences">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Lisbon Academy of Sciences">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Academy" title="Romanian Academy">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Science_and_Technology_(Rwanda)" title="College of Science and Technology (Rwanda)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Abdulaziz_City_for_Science_and_Technology" title="King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senegal_Academy_of_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senegal Academy of Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles_National_Parks_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seychelles National Parks Authority (page does not exist)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_National_Academy_of_Science" title="Singapore National Academy of Science">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Slovak Academy of Sciences">Slovak Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Research_Foundation_(South_Africa)" title="National Research Foundation (South Africa)">South Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Sciences_Research_Council_of_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (page does not exist)">HSRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Science (Spain)">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation_of_Sri_Lanka" title="National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Research_(Sudan)" title="National Centre for Research (Sudan)">Sudan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Sudanese National Academy of Sciences">SNAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swiss_Academy_of_Humanities_and_Social_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences (page does not exist)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Academies_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Tajik Academy of Sciences">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Commission_for_Science_and_Technology" title="Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Research_Council_of_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Research Council of Thailand (page does not exist)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chancellerie_des_Universit%C3%A9s_du_Togo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chancellerie des Universités du Togo (page does not exist)">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunis_El_Manar_University" title="Tunis El Manar University">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Turkish Academy of Sciences">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Science_Academy_Society_of_Turkey" title="The Science Academy Society of Turkey">Science Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_and_Technological_Research_Council_of_Turkey" title="Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey">TÜBİTAK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_National_Council_for_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_Ukraine" title="National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Academy" title="British Academy">British Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Social_Research_Council" title="Economic and Social Research Council">ESRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comisi%C3%B3n_Consejo_Nacional_de_Innovacion_Ciencia_y_Tecnologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comisión Consejo Nacional de Innovacion Ciencia y Tecnologia (page does not exist)">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzbekistan_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fondo_Nacional_de_Ciencia,_Tecnolog%C3%ADa_e_Innovaci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fondo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (page does not exist)">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_Union_of_Science_and_Technology_Associations" title="Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Zambia Academy of Sciences">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Zimbabwe Academy of Sciences">Zimbabwe</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Council_of_Zimbabwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Council of Zimbabwe (page does not exist)">RCZ</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transnational<br />members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Council_for_the_Social_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Council for the Social Sciences (page does not exist)">ACSS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Asian_Social_Science_Research_Councils&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils (page does not exist)">AASSREC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caribbean_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caribbean Academy of Sciences (page does not exist)">CASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consejo_Latinoamericano_de_Ciencias_Sociales" class="mw-redirect" title="Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales">CLACSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa" title="Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa">CODESRIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Faculty_of_Social_Sciences" title="Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences">FLACSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Acad%C3%A9mique_Internationale" title="Union Académique Internationale">UAI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_for_Social_Science_Research_in_Eastern_and_Southern_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (page does not exist)">OSSREA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_South_Pacific" title="University of the South Pacific">USP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unions and<br />associations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_Social_Studies_of_Science" title="Society for Social Studies of Science">4S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Association_of_Legal_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Association of Legal Science (page does not exist)">IALS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Arctic_Social_Sciences_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Arctic Social Sciences Association (page does not exist)">IASSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cartographic_Association" title="International Cartographic Association">ICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Economic_Association" title="International Economic Association">IEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Societies_for_Microscopy" title="International Federation of Societies for Microscopy">IFSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Geographical_Union" title="International Geographical Union">IGU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Mathematical_Union" title="International Mathematical Union">IMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Quaternary_Research" title="International Union for Quaternary Research">INQUA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Research_Association" title="International Peace Research Association">IPRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Political_Science_Association" title="International Political Science Association">IPSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Sociological_Association" title="International Sociological Association">ISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Ecological_Economics" title="International Society for Ecological Economics">ISEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Photogrammetry_and_Remote_Sensing" title="International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing">ISPRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Biochemistry_and_Molecular_Biology" title="International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology">IUBMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Biological_Sciences" title="International Union of Biological Sciences">IUBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Crystallography" title="International Union of Crystallography">IUCr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Food_Science_and_Technology" title="International Union of Food Science and Technology">IUFoST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Forest_Research_Organizations" title="International Union of Forest Research Organizations">IUFRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Geodesy_and_Geophysics" title="International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics">IUGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Geological_Sciences" title="International Union of Geological Sciences">IUGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_History_and_Philosophy_of_Science" title="International Union of History and Philosophy of Science">IUHPST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Immunological_Societies" title="International Union of Immunological Societies">IUIS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Union_of_Materials_Research_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Union of Materials Research Society (page does not exist)">IUMRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Microbiological_Societies" title="International Union of Microbiological Societies">IUMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Nutritional_Sciences" title="International Union of Nutritional Sciences">IUNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Pure_and_Applied_Biophysics" title="International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics">IUPAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">IUPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Physics" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Physics">IUPAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Physical_and_Engineering_Sciences_in_Medicine" title="International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine">IUPESM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Basic_and_Clinical_Pharmacology" title="International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology">IUPHAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Physiological_Sciences" title="International Union of Physiological Sciences">IUPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Psychological_Science" title="International Union of Psychological Science">IUPsyS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Soil_Sciences" title="International Union of Soil Sciences">IUSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_the_Scientific_Study_of_Population" title="International Union for the Scientific Study of Population">IUSSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Theoretical_and_Applied_Mechanics" title="International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics">IUTAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Union_of_Toxicology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Union of Toxicology (page does not exist)">IUTOX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Radio_Science" title="International Union of Radio Science">URSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Association_for_Public_Opinion_Research" title="World Association for Public Opinion Research">WAPOR</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Anthropological_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Anthropological Union (page does not exist)">WAU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliated<br />members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Academy_of_Sciences" title="African Academy of Sciences">AAS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Academies_and_Societies_of_Sciences_in_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association of Academies and Societies of Sciences in Asia (page does not exist)">AASSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Academy of Social Sciences">ACSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Science-Technology_Centers" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Science-Technology Centers">ASTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Illumination" title="International Commission on Illumination">CIE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Association_of_Development_and_Training_Institutes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Association of Development and Training Institutes (page does not exist)">EADI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Consortium_for_Political_Research" title="European Consortium for Political Research">ECPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_des_G%C3%A9om%C3%A8tres" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération Internationale des Géomètres">FIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Young_Academy" title="Global Young Academy">GYA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Applied_Psychology" title="International Association of Applied Psychology">IAAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_for_Hydro-Environment_Engineering_and_Research" title="International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research">IAHR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Arctic_Science_Committee" title="International Arctic Science Committee">IASC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_for_Acoustics" title="International Commission for Acoustics">ICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_for_Industrial_and_Applied_Mathematics" title="International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics">ICIAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Council_for_Laboratory_Animal_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (page does not exist)">ICLAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_for_Optics" title="International Commission for Optics">ICO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_for_Scientific_and_Technical_Information" title="International Council for Scientific and Technical Information">ICSTI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Federation_of_Data_Organizations_for_Social_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Federation of Data Organizations for Social Science (page does not exist)">IFDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_for_Information_Processing" title="International Federation for Information Processing">IFIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">IFLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Foundation_for_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="International Foundation for Science">IFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Applied_Systems_Analysis" title="International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis">IIASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Studies_Association" title="International Studies Association">ISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Digital_Earth" title="International Society for Digital Earth">ISDE</a></li> <li><a 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109450671">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/150591344">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1013793-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80044879">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121466863">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121466863">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36277685">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kungl. Svenska vetenskapsakademien"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20040156540&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/349394">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90185428">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000111177&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/20dgd32l3z2p4s3">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/29557">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007298744705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00529490?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500309228">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/201bd965-3a66-4459-9056-a748d5c928ee">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029950112">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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