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<li id="toc-Commander_of_the_Praetorian_Guard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commander_of_the_Praetorian_Guard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Commander of the Praetorian Guard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commander_of_the_Praetorian_Guard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transformation_to_administrator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transformation_to_administrator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Transformation to administrator</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transformation_to_administrator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-imperial_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-imperial_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Post-imperial era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-imperial_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_known_prefects_of_the_Praetorian_Guard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_known_prefects_of_the_Praetorian_Guard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>List of known prefects of the Praetorian Guard</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_known_prefects_of_the_Praetorian_Guard-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of known prefects of the Praetorian Guard subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_known_prefects_of_the_Praetorian_Guard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Julio-Claudian_dynasty_(2_BC_–_AD_68)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Julio-Claudian_dynasty_(2_BC_–_AD_68)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Julio-Claudian dynasty (2 BC – AD 68)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Julio-Claudian_dynasty_(2_BC_–_AD_68)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_(AD_68–69)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_(AD_68–69)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Year of the Four Emperors (AD 68–69)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_(AD_68–69)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flavian_dynasty_(AD_69–96)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flavian_dynasty_(AD_69–96)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flavian_dynasty_(AD_69–96)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Five_Good_Emperors_to_Didius_Julianus_(AD_96–193)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Five_Good_Emperors_to_Didius_Julianus_(AD_96–193)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Five Good Emperors to Didius Julianus (AD 96–193)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Five_Good_Emperors_to_Didius_Julianus_(AD_96–193)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Severan_dynasty_(AD_193–235)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Severan_dynasty_(AD_193–235)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Severan dynasty (AD 193–235)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Severan_dynasty_(AD_193–235)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crisis_of_the_Third_Century_(AD_235–285)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisis_of_the_Third_Century_(AD_235–285)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Crisis of the Third Century (AD 235–285)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crisis_of_the_Third_Century_(AD_235–285)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tetrarchy_to_Constantine_I_(AD_285–324)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tetrarchy_to_Constantine_I_(AD_285–324)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Tetrarchy to Constantine I (AD 285–324)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tetrarchy_to_Constantine_I_(AD_285–324)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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prefect</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="قائد برايتوري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قائد برايتوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretoriya_prefekti" title="Pretoriya prefekti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pretoriya prefekti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Преториански префект – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Преториански префект" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefekt_pretorija" title="Prefekt pretorija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prefekt pretorija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefecte_del_pretori" title="Prefecte del pretori – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Prefecte del pretori" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretori%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_prefekt" title="Pretoriánský prefekt – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pretoriánský prefekt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4torianerpr%C3%A4fekt" title="Prätorianerpräfekt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prätorianerpräfekt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Έπαρχος του Πραιτωρίου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έπαρχος του Πραιτωρίου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefecto_del_pretorio" title="Prefecto del pretorio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prefecto del pretorio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="فرماندار پرایتوری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرماندار پرایتوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_du_pr%C3%A9toire" title="Préfet du prétoire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Préfet du prétoire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8E%99%ED%88%AC%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%ED%86%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4" title="프라이펙투스 프라이토리오 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프라이펙투스 프라이토리오" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praefectus_praetorio" title="Praefectus praetorio – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Praefectus praetorio" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefetto_del_pretorio" title="Prefetto del pretorio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prefetto del pretorio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praefectus_praetorio" title="Praefectus praetorio – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Praefectus praetorio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Преторијански префект – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Преторијански префект" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praefectus_praetorio" title="Praefectus praetorio – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Praefectus praetorio" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA" title="プラエフェクトゥス・プラエトリオ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プラエフェクトゥス・プラエトリオ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefekt_pretorian%C3%B3w" title="Prefekt pretorianów – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prefekt pretorianów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefeito_do_pret%C3%B3rio" title="Prefeito do pretório – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prefeito do pretório" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefectul_pretoriului" title="Prefectul pretoriului – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prefectul pretoriului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Префект претория – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Префект претория" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretorijanski_prefekt" title="Pretorijanski prefekt – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pretorijanski prefekt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefekt_pretorija" title="Prefekt pretorija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prefekt pretorija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretoriaaniprefekti" title="Pretoriaaniprefekti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pretoriaaniprefekti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praetorianprefekt" title="Praetorianprefekt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Praetorianprefekt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praefectus_praetorio" title="Praefectus praetorio – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Praefectus praetorio" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Префект преторія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Префект преторія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1p_quan_th%C3%A1i_th%C3%BA" title="Pháp quan thái thú – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pháp quan thái thú" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E5%8D%AB%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%98" title="禁卫军长官 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="禁卫军长官" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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engines">Siege engines</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_triumphal_arches" title="List of Roman triumphal arches">Triumphal arches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_roads" title="Roman roads">Roads</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.45em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_Roman_military" title="Political history of the Roman military">Political history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div style="font-size:50%;line-height:0.5em;"> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.45em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a 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fortifications</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Limes</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_defensive_walls" title="Ancient Roman defensive walls">Walls</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_Britannicus" title="Limes Britannicus">Limes Britannicus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxon_Shore" title="Saxon Shore">Saxon Shore</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_Germanicus" title="Limes Germanicus">Limes Germanicus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb_Limes" title="Alb Limes">Alb Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lautertal_Limes" title="Lautertal Limes">Lauter Valley Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Germanic_Limes" title="Lower Germanic Limes">Lower Germanic Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Limes" title="Main Limes">Main Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neckar-Odenwald_Limes" title="Neckar-Odenwald Limes">Neckar-Odenwald Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Germanic-Rhaetian_Limes" title="Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes">Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetterau_Limes" title="Wetterau Limes">Wetterau Limes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danube%E2%80%93Iller%E2%80%93Rhine_Limes" title="Danube–Iller–Rhine Limes">Danube–Iller–Rhine Limes</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norican_Limes" class="mw-redirect" title="Norican Limes">Norican Limes</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Claustra_Alpium_Iuliarum" title="Claustra Alpium Iuliarum">Claustra Alpium Iuliarum</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Limes" title="Pannonian Limes">Pannonian Limes</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Alutanus" title="Limes Alutanus">Limes Alutanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Moesiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Limes Moesiae">Limes Moesiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Wall" title="Trajan's Wall">Trajan's Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasian_Wall" title="Anastasian Wall">Anastasian Wall</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Dykes" title="Devil's Dykes">Limes Sarmatiae</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_Arabicus" title="Limes Arabicus">Limes Arabicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_Tripolitanus" title="Limes Tripolitanus">Limes Tripolitanus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Limes_Mauretaniae" title="Limes Mauretaniae">Limes Mauretaniae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/SPQRomani.svg/32px-SPQRomani.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/SPQRomani.svg/48px-SPQRomani.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/SPQRomani.svg/64px-SPQRomani.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="931" data-file-height="548" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Rome" title="Portal:Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Rome_military_sidebar" title="Template:Ancient Rome military sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Rome_military_sidebar" title="Template talk:Ancient Rome military sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Rome_military_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Rome military sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>praetorian prefect</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">praefectus praetorio</i>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἔπαρχος/ὕπαρχος τῶν πραιτωρίων</span></span></span>) was a high office in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>. Originating as the commander of the <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_Guard" title="Praetorian Guard">Praetorian Guard</a>, the office gradually acquired extensive legal and administrative functions, with its holders becoming the Emperor's chief aides. Under <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a>, the office was much reduced in power and transformed into a purely civilian administrative post, while under his successors, territorially-defined <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">praetorian prefectures</a> emerged as the highest-level administrative division of the Empire. The prefects again functioned as the chief ministers of the state, with many laws addressed to them by name. In this role, praetorian prefects continued to be appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a> (and the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic Kingdom</a>) until the reign of <a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> in the 7th century AD, when wide-ranging reforms reduced their power and converted them to mere overseers of provincial administration. The last traces of the prefecture disappeared in the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> by the 840s. </p><p>The term <i>praefectus praetorio</i> was often abbreviated in inscriptions as "PR PR" or "PPO".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commander_of_the_Praetorian_Guard">Commander of the Praetorian Guard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Commander of the Praetorian Guard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the empire the praetorians or imperial guards were commanded by one, two, or even three praefects (praefecti praetorio), who were chosen by the emperor from among the <a href="/wiki/Equites" title="Equites">equites</a> and held office at his pleasure. From the time of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> the post was open to senators also, and if an equestrian was appointed he was at the same time raised to the senate. Down to the time of Constantine, who deprived the office of its military character, the prefecture of the guards was regularly held by tried soldiers, often by men who had fought their way up from the ranks. In course of time the command seems to have been enlarged so as to include all the troops in Italy except the corps commanded by the city praefect (<i>cohortes urbanae</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The special position of the praetorians made them a power in their own right in the Roman state, and their <a href="/wiki/Prefect" title="Prefect">prefect</a>, the <i>praefectus praetorio</i>, soon became one of the more powerful men in this society. The emperors tried to flatter and control the praetorians, but they staged many <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coups d'état</a> and contributed to a rapid rate of turnover in the imperial succession. The praetorians thus came to destabilize the Roman state, contrary to their purpose. The praetorian prefect became a major administrative figure in the later empire, when the post combined in one individual the duties of an imperial chief of staff with direct command over the guard also. <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> greatly reduced the power of these prefects as part of his sweeping reform of the empire's administrative and military structures.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transformation_to_administrator">Transformation to administrator</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Transformation to administrator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">Praetorian prefecture</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Notitia_dignitatum_-_insignia_praefecti_praetorio_per_illyricum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Notitia_dignitatum_-_insignia_praefecti_praetorio_per_illyricum.jpg/200px-Notitia_dignitatum_-_insignia_praefecti_praetorio_per_illyricum.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Notitia_dignitatum_-_insignia_praefecti_praetorio_per_illyricum.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption>The insignia of the praetorian prefect of Illyricum, as depicted in the <a href="/wiki/Notitia_Dignitatum" title="Notitia Dignitatum">Notitia Dignitatum</a>: the ivory inkwell and pen case (<i>theca</i>), the codicil of appointment to the office on a blue cloth-covered table, and the <a href="/wiki/State_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="State carriage">state carriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to his military functions, the praetorian prefect came to acquire jurisdiction over criminal affairs, which he exercised not as the delegate but as the representative of the emperor. By the time of Diocletian he had become a kind of grand-vizier as the emperor's vice-regent and 'prime minister.' Constantine removed active military command in 312. The prefect remained as chief quarter-master general responsible for the logistical supply of the army. The prefect was the chief financial officer whose office drew up the global imperial budget. His office drew up the state liturgical obligations laid on the richer inhabitants of the Empire. He ceased to be head of administration which had to be shared with the master of the offices attached to the palace. Constantine in 331 confirmed that from the sentence of the praetorian praefect there should be no appeal. A similar jurisdiction in civil cases was acquired by him not later than the time of <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a>. Hence a knowledge of law became a qualification for the post, which under <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a>, but especially from the time of Severus, was held by the first jurists of the age, (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Papinian" title="Papinian">Papinian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulpian" title="Ulpian">Ulpian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_Paulus" title="Julius Paulus">Paulus</a>) and, under <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_the_Cappadocian" title="John the Cappadocian">John the Cappadocian</a>, while the military qualification fell more and more into the background.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Tetrarchy" title="Tetrarchy">tetrarchy</a> reform of <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 296</span>) multiplied the office: there was a praetorian prefect as chief of staff (military and administrative)—rather than commander of the guard—for each of the two Augusti, but not for the two Caesars. Each praetorian prefect oversaw one of the four quarters created by Diocletian, which became regional <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">praetorian prefectures</a> for the young sons of Constantine ca 330 A.D. From 395 there were two imperial courts, at <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, but the four prefectures remained as the highest level of administrative division, in charge of several <a href="/wiki/Roman_diocese" title="Roman diocese">dioceses</a> (groups of <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman provinces</a>), each of which was headed by a <a href="/wiki/Vicarius" title="Vicarius">Vicarius</a>. </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a>, the institution of the <a href="/wiki/Magister_militum" title="Magister militum">magister militum</a> deprived the praetorian prefecture altogether of its military character but left it the highest civil office of the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-imperial_era">Post-imperial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-imperial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the fall of the western part of the Empire into the hands of warlords, these, in order to have support in their new domains, recognized the supremacy of the emperor of the eastern part, reuniting at least <i><a href="/wiki/De_iure" class="mw-redirect" title="De iure">de iure</a></i> the Empire under him, the prefectures were maintained as a way of delimiting the new <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty" title="Viceroyalty">viceroyalties</a>: </p> <ul><li>First <a href="/wiki/Odoacer" title="Odoacer">Flavius Odoacer</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Flavius Theodoricus</a> were granted the prefecture of Italy;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Louis I</a> was recognized as the prefect of Gaul (which served him as a pretext to seize the <a href="/wiki/Visigoth" class="mw-redirect" title="Visigoth">Visigoths</a>' territories in Gaul);</li> <li>the Visigoths were recognized for their dominion over the prefecture of Hispania;</li> <li>and the <a href="/wiki/Vandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandal">Vandals</a> theirs over Africa.</li></ul> <p>This recognition would be maintained until the rise of <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a>, who ended the Ostrogothic and Vandal domains, but continued to recognize the Franks (as they were both Catholics) and the Visigoths (due to the lack of strength to continue the <i><a href="/wiki/Renovatio_imperii_Romanorum" title="Renovatio imperii Romanorum">Recuperatio Imperii</a></i>, but managing to establish a pro-Byzantine king, <a href="/wiki/Athanagild" title="Athanagild">Athanagild</a>, and the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Spania" title="Spania">Spania</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_known_prefects_of_the_Praetorian_Guard">List of known prefects of the Praetorian Guard</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of known prefects of the Praetorian Guard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a list of all known prefects of the Praetorian Guard, from the establishment of the post in 2 BC by Augustus until the abolishment of the Guard in 314.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The list is presumed to be incomplete due to the lack of sources documenting the exact number of persons who held the post, what their names were and what the length of their tenure was. Likewise, the Praetorians were sometimes commanded by a single prefect, as was the case with for example <a href="/wiki/Sejanus" title="Sejanus">Sejanus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sextus_Afranius_Burrus" title="Sextus Afranius Burrus">Burrus</a>, but more often the emperor appointed two commanders, who shared joint leadership. Overlapping terms on the list indicate dual command. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Julio-Claudian_dynasty_(2_BC_–_AD_68)"><span id="Julio-Claudian_dynasty_.282_BC_.E2.80.93_AD_68.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Julio-Claudian_dynasty" title="Julio-Claudian dynasty">Julio-Claudian dynasty</a> (2 BC – AD 68)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Julio-Claudian dynasty (2 BC – AD 68)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:46%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:14%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:40%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Publius_Salvius_Aper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Publius Salvius Aper (page does not exist)">Publius Salvius Aper</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 BC –?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Ostorius_Scapula" class="mw-redirect" title="Quintus Ostorius Scapula">Quintus Ostorius Scapula</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 BC – ?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Publius Varius Ligur<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Seius_Strabo" title="Lucius Seius Strabo">Lucius Seius Strabo</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">??–15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sejanus" title="Sejanus">Lucius Aelius Sejanus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14–31 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Naevius_Sutorius_Macro" title="Naevius Sutorius Macro">Quintus Naevius Sutorius Macro</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31–38 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Arrecinus_Clemens_(praetorian_prefect_under_Caligula)" title="Marcus Arrecinus Clemens (praetorian prefect under Caligula)">Marcus Arrecinus Clemens</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38–41 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Arruntius_Stella_(prefect_38)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius Arruntius Stella (prefect 38) (page does not exist)">Lucius Arruntius Stella</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38–41 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rufrius_Pollio" class="mw-redirect" title="Rufrius Pollio">Rufrius Pollio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">41–44 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catonius_Justus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catonius Justus (page does not exist)">Catonius Justus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">41–43 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rufrius_Crispinus" title="Rufrius Crispinus">Rufrius Crispinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">43–51 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Lusius_Geta" title="Lucius Lusius Geta">Lucius Lusius Geta</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44–51 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sextus_Afranius_Burrus" title="Sextus Afranius Burrus">Sextus Afranius Burrus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">51–62 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Faenius_Rufus" title="Faenius Rufus">Lucius Faenius Rufus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">62–65 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tigellinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tigellinus">Gaius Ofonius Tigellinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">62–68 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nymphidius_Sabinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Nymphidius Sabinus">Gaius Nymphidius Sabinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">65–68 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_(AD_68–69)"><span id="Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_.28AD_68.E2.80.9369.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_Four_Emperors" title="Year of the Four Emperors">Year of the Four Emperors</a> (AD 68–69)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Year of the Four Emperors (AD 68–69)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:46%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:14%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:40%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Laco" title="Cornelius Laco">Cornelius Laco</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">68–69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plotius_Firmus" title="Plotius Firmus">Plotius Firmus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Licinius_Proculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Licinius Proculus">Licinius Proculus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Publius_Sabinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Publius Sabinus (page does not exist)">Publius Sabinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfenius_Varus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfenius Varus (page does not exist)">Alfenius Varus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junius_Priscus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junius Priscus (page does not exist)">Junius Priscus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flavian_dynasty_(AD_69–96)"><span id="Flavian_dynasty_.28AD_69.E2.80.9396.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Flavian_dynasty" title="Flavian dynasty">Flavian dynasty</a> (AD 69–96)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:46%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:14%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:40%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arrius_Varus" title="Arrius Varus">Arrius Varus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69–70 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Arrecinus_Clemens_(consul)" title="Marcus Arrecinus Clemens (consul)">Marcus Arrecinus Clemens</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">70–71 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Julius_Alexander" title="Tiberius Julius Alexander">Tiberius Julius Alexander</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (?) </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69–?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a> Flavius Vespasianus<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">71–79 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Julius_Ursus" title="Lucius Julius Ursus">Lucius Julius Ursus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_66_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme_66-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">81–83 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Fuscus" title="Cornelius Fuscus">Cornelius Fuscus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">81–87 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Laberius_Maximus" title="Lucius Laberius Maximus">Lucius Laberius Maximus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_66_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme_66-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">83–84 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Casperius_Aelianus" title="Casperius Aelianus">Casperius Aelianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">84–94 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Flavius_Norbanus" title="Titus Flavius Norbanus">Titus Flavius Norbanus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">94–96 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Petronius_Secundus" title="Titus Petronius Secundus">Titus Petronius Secundus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">94–97 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Five_Good_Emperors_to_Didius_Julianus_(AD_96–193)"><span id="Five_Good_Emperors_to_Didius_Julianus_.28AD_96.E2.80.93193.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Five_Good_Emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Good Emperors">Five Good Emperors</a> to <a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a> (AD 96–193)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Five Good Emperors to Didius Julianus (AD 96–193)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:45%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:20%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:35%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Casperius_Aelianus" title="Casperius Aelianus">Casperius Aelianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">96–98 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sextus_Attius_Suburanus" title="Sextus Attius Suburanus">Sextus Attius Suburanus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">98–101 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Claudius_Livianus" title="Tiberius Claudius Livianus">Tiberius Claudius Livianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">101–117? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Publius_Acilius_Attianus" title="Publius Acilius Attianus">Publius Acilius Attianus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_67_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme_67-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">117–120 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Servius_Sulpicius_Similis" title="Servius Sulpicius Similis">Servius Sulpicius Similis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">112–123 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Septicius_Clarus" title="Gaius Septicius Clarus">Gaius Septicius Clarus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">120–123 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Marcius_Turbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Quintus Marcius Turbo">Quintus Marcius Turbo</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">120–137 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Petronius_Mamertinus" title="Marcus Petronius Mamertinus">Marcus Petronius Mamertinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">138–143 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Gavius_Maximus" title="Marcus Gavius Maximus">Marcus Gavius Maximus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">138–158 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Tattius_Maximus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaius Tattius Maximus (page does not exist)">Gaius Tattius Maximus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">158–160 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sextus_Cornelius_Repentinus_(praetorian_prefect)" title="Sextus Cornelius Repentinus (praetorian prefect)">Sextus Cornelius Repentinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">160–166/7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Furius_Victorinus" title="Titus Furius Victorinus">Titus Furius Victorinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">159–168 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titus_Flavius_Constans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titus Flavius Constans (page does not exist)">Titus Flavius Constans</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">c. 168 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Macrinius_Vindex" title="Marcus Macrinius Vindex">Marcus Macrinius Vindex</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">168–172 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Bassaeus_Rufus" title="Marcus Bassaeus Rufus">Marcus Bassaeus Rufus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">168–177 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Publius_Tarrutenius_Paternus" title="Publius Tarrutenius Paternus">Publius Tarrutenius Paternus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">by 179–182 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tigidius_Perennis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tigidius Perennis">Sextus Tigidius Perennis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">180–185 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pescennius_Niger" title="Pescennius Niger">Pescennius Niger</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">c. 185 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcius_Quartus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcius Quartus">Marcius Quartus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">185 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Longaeus_Rufus" title="Titus Longaeus Rufus">Titus Longaeus Rufus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">185–187 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Publius_Atilius_Aebutianus" title="Publius Atilius Aebutianus">Publius Atilius Aebutianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">185–187 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius_Cleander" title="Marcus Aurelius Cleander">Marcus Aurelius Cleander</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">187–189 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Julius_Vehilius_Gratus_Julianus" title="Lucius Julius Vehilius Gratus Julianus">Lucius Julius Vehilius Gratus Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">188–189 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regillus_(praetorian_prefect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regillus (praetorian prefect) (page does not exist)">Regillus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">189 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motilenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motilenus (page does not exist)">Motilenus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">190 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Aemilius_Laetus" title="Quintus Aemilius Laetus">Quintus Aemilius Laetus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">192–193 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Flavius_Genialis" title="Titus Flavius Genialis">Titus Flavius Genialis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">193 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tullius_Crispinus" title="Tullius Crispinus">Tullius Crispinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">193 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Severan_dynasty_(AD_193–235)"><span id="Severan_dynasty_.28AD_193.E2.80.93235.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty" title="Severan dynasty">Severan dynasty</a> (AD 193–235)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Severan dynasty (AD 193–235)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:46%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:14%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:40%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavius_Juvenalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavius Juvenalis (page does not exist)">Flavius Juvenalis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">193–197? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Decimus_Veturius_Macrinus" title="Decimus Veturius Macrinus">Decimus Veturius Macrinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">193–197? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Fulvius_Plautianus" title="Gaius Fulvius Plautianus">Gaius Fulvius Plautianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">197–205 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Aemilius_Saturninus" title="Quintus Aemilius Saturninus">Quintus Aemilius Saturninus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">200 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius_Julianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Aurelius Julianus">Marcus Aurelius Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 200</span>/205 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Flavius_Drusianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Flavius Drusianus (page does not exist)">Marcus Flavius Drusianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 204</span>/204 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aemilius_Papinianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Aemilius Papinianus">Aemilius Papinianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">205–211 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Maecius_Laetus" title="Quintus Maecius Laetus">Quintus Maecius Laetus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">205–215? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valerius_Patruinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valerius Patruinus (page does not exist)">Valerius Patruinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">211?–212 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnaeus_Marcius_Rustius_Rufinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnaeus Marcius Rustius Rufinus (page does not exist)">Gnaeus Marcius Rustius Rufinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">212–217 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Oclatinius_Adventus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Oclatinius Adventus">Marcus Oclatinius Adventus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">215–217 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Marcus Opellius Macrinus</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">214–217 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulpius_Julianus" title="Ulpius Julianus">Ulpius Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">217–218 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julianus_Nestor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julianus Nestor (page does not exist)">Julianus Nestor</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">217–218 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Basilianus" title="Julius Basilianus">Julius Basilianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">218 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Publius_Valerius_Comazon" title="Publius Valerius Comazon">Publius Valerius Comazon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">218–221 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flavius_Antiochianus_(praetorian_prefect)" title="Flavius Antiochianus (praetorian prefect)">Flavius Antiochianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">221–222 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flavianus_(3rd_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavianus (3rd century)">Flavianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">222–2?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Geminius_Chrestus" title="Geminius Chrestus">Geminius Chrestus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">222–2?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulpian" title="Ulpian">Gnaeus Domitius Annius Ulpianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">222–223/228 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Domitius_Honoratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucius Domitius Honoratus">Lucius Domitius Honoratus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">223–2?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Aedinius_Julianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Aedinius Julianus (page does not exist)">Marcus Aedinius Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">223–2?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Attius_Cornelianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Attius Cornelianus (page does not exist)">Marcus Attius Cornelianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 230</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Paulus" title="Julius Paulus">Julius Paulus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">228–235 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Severus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Severus">Alexander Severus</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crisis_of_the_Third_Century_(AD_235–285)"><span id="Crisis_of_the_Third_Century_.28AD_235.E2.80.93285.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="Crisis of the Third Century">Crisis of the Third Century</a> (AD 235–285)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Crisis of the Third Century (AD 235–285)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:46%;">Prefect </th> <th style="width:14%;">Tenure </th> <th style="width:40%;">Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitalianus_(praetorian_prefect)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitalianus (praetorian prefect)">Vitalianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">238 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Annullinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Annullinus">Annullinus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2??–238 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pinarius_Valens" title="Pinarius Valens">Pinarius Valens</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">238 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pupienus" title="Pupienus">Pupienus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Balbinus" title="Balbinus">Balbinus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domitius_(praetorian_prefect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domitius (praetorian prefect) (page does not exist)">Domitius</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">before 240 – 2?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Furius_Sabinius_Aquila_Timesitheus" title="Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus">Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">241–244 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Priscus" title="Gaius Julius Priscus">Gaius Julius Priscus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">242–246 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a>; <a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip the Arab</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip the Arab</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">243–244 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maecius_Gordianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maecius Gordianus (page does not exist)">Maecius Gordianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">244 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Herennius_Potens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quintus Herennius Potens (page does not exist)">Quintus Herennius Potens</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">249–251 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a>? </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Successianus" title="Successianus">Successianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">254–255/260 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Silvanus_(praetorian_prefect)" title="Silvanus (praetorian prefect)">Silvanus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2?? – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 260</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Petronius_Taurus_Volusianus" title="Lucius Petronius Taurus Volusianus">Lucius Petronius Taurus Volusianus</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 260</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Callistus_Ballista" class="mw-redirect" title="Callistus Ballista">Callistus Ballista</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">260–261 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macrianus_Minor" title="Macrianus Minor">Macrianus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quietus" title="Quietus">Quietus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Heraclianus" title="Aurelius Heraclianus">Marcus Aurelius Heraclianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">268 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Placidianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Placidianus">Julius Placidianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 270</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Annius_Florianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Annius Florianus">Marcus Annius Florianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">275–276 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Claudius_Tacitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Claudius Tacitus">Tacitus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Marcus Aurelius Carus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">276–282 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius_Probus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Aurelius Probus">Probus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Flavius_Aper" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucius Flavius Aper">Lucius Flavius Aper</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">284 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Numerian" title="Numerian">Numerian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabinus_Julianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabinus Julianus">Marcus Aurelius Sabinus Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 283?</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 284</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Titus_Claudius_Aurelius_Aristobulus" title="Titus Claudius Aurelius Aristobulus">Titus Claudius Aurelius Aristobulus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">285 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tetrarchy_to_Constantine_I_(AD_285–324)"><span id="Tetrarchy_to_Constantine_I_.28AD_285.E2.80.93324.29"></span><a href="/wiki/Tetrarchy" title="Tetrarchy">Tetrarchy</a> to <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a> (AD 285–324)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tetrarchy to Constantine I (AD 285–324)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Prefect </th> <th>Tenure </th> <th>Emperor served </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Afranius_Hannibalianus" title="Afranius Hannibalianus">Afranius Hannibalianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">286/292 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asclepiades </td> <td style="text-align:center;">303 </td> <td>(at Antioch) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pomponius_Januarianus" title="Pomponius Januarianus">Pomponius Januarianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">285/286 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxentius" title="Maxentius">Maxentius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Julius Asclepiodotus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">290–296 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">?? – ?? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manlius_Rusticianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manlius Rusticianus (page does not exist)">Manlius Rusticianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">306–310 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxentius" title="Maxentius">Maxentius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Ceionius_Rufius_Volusianus" title="Gaius Ceionius Rufius Volusianus">Gaius Ceionius Rufius Volusianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">309–310 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxentius" title="Maxentius">Maxentius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruricius_Pompeianus" title="Ruricius Pompeianus">Ruricius Pompeianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3??–312 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxentius" title="Maxentius">Maxentius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatius_Andronicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatius Andronicus (page does not exist)">Tatius Andronicus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">310 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pompeius_Probus" title="Pompeius Probus">Pompeius Probus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">310–314 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Licinius" title="Licinius">Licinius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronius_Annianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petronius Annianus (page does not exist)">Petronius Annianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">315–317 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Julianus" title="Julius Julianus">Julius Julianus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">315–324 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Licinius" title="Licinius">Licinius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Junius_Annius_Bassus" class="mw-redirect" title="Junius Annius Bassus">Junius Annius Bassus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">318–331 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For praetorian prefects after the reformation of the office by emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a>, see: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Italy" title="Praetorian prefecture of Italy">Praetorian prefecture of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Gaul" title="Praetorian prefecture of Gaul">Praetorian prefecture of Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_the_East" title="Praetorian prefecture of the East">Praetorian prefecture of the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Illyricum" title="Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum">Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum</a></li></ul> <p>A further prefecture was established by emperor <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a> in the 6th century: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Africa" title="Praetorian prefecture of Africa">Praetorian prefecture of Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lesley and Roy Adkins. <i>Handbook to life in Ancient Rome.</i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1993. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-512332-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-512332-8">0-19-512332-8</a>. page 241</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. C. J. Miller. <i>Abbreviations in Latin</i>.Ares Publishers, inc., 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89005-568-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-89005-568-8">0-89005-568-8</a>. Pages xxcii and xcvi, <i>sub vocibus</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Praefect" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Praefect">Praefect</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">241–</span>242.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Praefect&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E241-%3C%2Fspan%3E242&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKelly2004" class="citation book cs1">Kelly, Christopher (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HhXx67fX7hoC"><i>Ruling the later Roman Empire</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01564-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01564-7"><bdi>978-0-674-01564-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ruling+the+later+Roman+Empire&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01564-7&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHhXx67fX7hoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dates from 2 BC to AD 260 based on Guy de la Bédoyère, <i>Praetorian</i> (New Haven: Yale Press, 2017), pp. 280-282</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The existence of Varius Ligur is disputed, and is only inferred from a single passage by Cassius Dio, who identifies him as <i>Valerius</i> Ligur. Modern historians suggest that, if Valerius Ligur was a prefect at all, he may have been mistaken for a man named Varius Ligur, who seems to have been a more likely candidate for the office. See Bingham (1997), p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWiseman1991" class="citation book cs1">Wiseman, Timothy Peter (1991). <i>Death of an Emperor: Flavius Josephus (Exeter Studies in History)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Press" title="Northwestern University Press">Northwestern University Press</a>. pp. 59, 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85989-356-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85989-356-5"><bdi>978-0-85989-356-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death+of+an+Emperor%3A+Flavius+Josephus+%28Exeter+Studies+in+History%29&rft.pages=59%2C+62&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-85989-356-5&rft.aulast=Wiseman&rft.aufirst=Timothy+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Son of Marcus Arrecinus Clemens, who was Praetorian prefect under emperor Claudius</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whether Tiberius Julius Alexander held the office of Praetorian prefect is disputed, and rests on a fragment from a recovered papyrus scroll. If he did held the post, he may have done so during the Jewish wars under Titus, or during the 70s as his colleague in Rome. See <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLendering" class="citation web cs1">Lendering, Jona. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/articles/person/julius-alexander-jr/">"Tiberius Julius Alexander"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tiberius+Julius+Alexander&rft.aulast=Lendering&rft.aufirst=Jona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livius.org%2Farticles%2Fperson%2Fjulius-alexander-jr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Son of Vespasian, the later emperor Titus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Syme_66-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_66_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_66_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme (1980), 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Syme_67-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Syme_67_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme (1980), 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The later emperor Macrinus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The names and dates for the years 260-285 are based on A.H.M. Jones, <i>et alia</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Prosopography_of_the_Later_Roman_Empire" title="Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire">Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire</a>, Volume I (AD 260-395)</i> (Cambridge: University Press, 1971), p. 1047</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praetorian_prefect&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBingham1999" class="citation book cs1">Bingham, Sandra J. (1999) [1997]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301081225/http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?coll=19&itm=24141235&rsn=S_WWWymaKWJQUZ"><i>The praetorian guard in the political and social life of Julio-Claudian Rome</i></a>. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Canada">National Library of Canada</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0612271064" title="Special:BookSources/0612271064"><bdi>0612271064</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?coll=19&itm=24141235&rsn=S_WWWymaKWJQUZ">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-03-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+praetorian+guard+in+the+political+and+social+life+of+Julio-Claudian+Rome&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pub=National+Library+of+Canada&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0612271064&rft.aulast=Bingham&rft.aufirst=Sandra+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famicus.collectionscanada.ca%2Fs4-bin%2FMain%2FItemDisplay%3Fcoll%3D19%26itm%3D24141235%26rsn%3DS_WWWymaKWJQUZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHowe1942" class="citation book cs1">Howe, Laurence Lee (1942). <i>The Pretorian Prefect from Commodus to Diocletian (AD 180–305)</i>. Chicago, Illinois: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pretorian+Prefect+from+Commodus+to+Diocletian+%28AD+180%E2%80%93305%29&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Laurence+Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiller1998" class="citation book cs1">Miller, M. C. J. (1998). <i>Abbreviations in Latin</i>. Chicago, Illinois: Ares Publishers, inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abbreviations+in+Latin&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pub=Ares+Publishers%2C+inc.&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M.+C.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRossignol2007" class="citation journal cs1">Rossignol, Benoît (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/doc/ccgg_1016-9008_2007_num_18_1_1648">"Les préfets du prétoire de Marc Aurèle"</a>. <i>Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz</i>. <b>18</b>: <span class="nowrap">141–</span>177. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fccgg.2007.1648">10.3406/ccgg.2007.1648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cahiers+du+Centre+Gustave+Glotz&rft.atitle=Les+pr%C3%A9fets+du+pr%C3%A9toire+de+Marc+Aur%C3%A8le&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E141-%3C%2Fspan%3E177&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fccgg.2007.1648&rft.aulast=Rossignol&rft.aufirst=Beno%C3%AEt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fccgg_1016-9008_2007_num_18_1_1648&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSyme1980" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Syme" title="Ronald Syme">Syme, Ronald</a> (1980). "Guard Prefects of Trajan and Hadrian". <i>Journal of Roman Studies</i>. <b>70</b>: <span class="nowrap">64–</span>80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F299556">10.2307/299556</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/299556">299556</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162498865">162498865</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Roman+Studies&rft.atitle=Guard+Prefects+of+Trajan+and+Hadrian&rft.volume=70&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E64-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.date=1980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162498865%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F299556%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F299556&rft.aulast=Syme&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APraetorian+prefect" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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