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class="single-pagi"> <div class="prev-nav"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/physics/force-nanosensors-13548.html">« Previous </a></div> | <div class="next-nav"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/computerscience/gpt-fabricated-scientific-papers-google-scholar-13580.html">Next »</a></div> <div class="cb"></div> </div> <div class="cb"></div> </div> </header> <section> <div id="single-heading-content">  <div class="single-right"> <article id="post-102624" class="post-102624 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-computerscience category-electricalengineering category-materials category-nanotechnologies tag-chip tag-computer tag-computer-chip tag-conductor tag-niobium tag-niobium-phosphide tag-phosphorus"> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong>Niobium phosphide can conduct electricity better than copper in films that are only a few atoms thick; moreover, these films can be created and deposited at sufficiently low temperatures to be compatible with modern computer chip fabrication, according to a team of scientists led by Stanford University.</strong></p> <div id="attachment_102625" style="width: 590px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://cdn.sci.news/images/enlarge12/image_13570e-Nanoconductor.jpg"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-102625" class="wp-image-102625 size-full" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13570-Nanoconductor.jpg" alt="A film a few atoms thick of non-crystalline niobium phosphide conducts better through the surface to make the material, as a whole, a better conductor. Image credit: Il-Kwon Oh / Asir Khan." width="580" height="387" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13570-Nanoconductor.jpg 580w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13570-Nanoconductor-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13570-Nanoconductor-84x55.jpg 84w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-102625" class="wp-caption-text">A film a few atoms thick of non-crystalline niobium phosphide conducts better through the surface to make the material, as a whole, a better conductor. Image credit: Il-Kwon Oh / Asir Khan.</p></div> <p>“We are breaking a fundamental bottleneck of traditional materials like copper,” said Stanford University’s Dr. Asir Intisar Khan.</p> <p>“Our niobium phosphide conductors show that it’s possible to send faster, more efficient signals through ultrathin wires.”</p> <p>“This could improve the energy efficiency of future chips, and even small gains add up when many chips are used, such as in the massive data centers that store and process information today.”</p> <p>Niobium phosphide is what researchers call a topological semimetal, which means that the whole material can conduct electricity, but its outer surfaces are more conductive than the middle.</p> <p>As a film of niobium phosphide gets thinner, the middle region shrinks but its surfaces stay the same, allowing the surfaces to contribute a greater share to the flow of electricity and the material as a whole to become a better conductor.</p> <p>Traditional metals like copper, on the other hand, become worse at conducting electricity once they are thinner than about 50 nm.</p> <p>The researchers found that niobium phosphide became a better conductor than copper at film thicknesses below 5 nm, even when operating at room temperature.</p> <p>At this size, copper wires struggle to keep up with rapid-fire electrical signals and lose a lot more energy to heat.</p> <p>“Really high-density electronics need very thin metal connections, and if those metals are not conducting well, they are losing a lot of power and energy,” said Stanford University’s Professor Eric Pop.</p> <p>“Better materials could help us spend less energy in small wires and more energy actually doing computation.”</p> <p>Many researchers have been working to find better conductors for nanoscale electronics, but so far the best candidates have had extremely precise crystalline structures, which need to be formed at very high temperatures.</p> <p>The niobium phosphide films made by the team are the first examples of non-crystalline materials that become better conductors as they get thinner.</p> <p>“It has been thought that if we want to leverage these topological surfaces, we need nice single-crystalline films that are really hard to deposit,” said Akash Ramdas, a doctoral student at Stanford University.</p> <p>“Now we have another class of materials — these topological semimetals — that could potentially act as a way to reduce energy usage in electronics.”</p> <p>Because the niobium phosphide films don’t need to be single crystals, they can be created at lower temperatures.</p> <p>The scientists deposited the films at 400 degrees Celsius (752 degrees Fahrenheit), a temperature that is low enough to avoid damaging or destroying existing silicon computer chips.</p> <p>“If you have to make perfect crystalline wires, that’s not going to work for nanoelectronics,” said Stanford University’s Professor Yuri Suzuki.</p> <p>“But if you can make them amorphous or slightly disordered and they still give you the properties you need, that opens the door to potential real-world applications.”</p> <p>The authors are also working on turning their niobium phosphide films into narrow wires for additional testing.</p> <p>They want to determine how reliable and effective the material could be in real-world applications.</p> <p>“We’ve taken some really cool physics and ported it into the applied electronics world,” Professor Pop said.</p> <p>“This kind of breakthrough in non-crystalline materials could help address power and energy challenges in both current and future electronics.”</p> <p>The <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adq7096" target="_blank" rel="noopener">work</a> was published in the journal <em>Science</em>.</p> <p><span style="color: #808080;">_____</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080;">Asir Intisar Khan <em>et al</em>. 2025. Surface conduction and reduced electrical resistivity in ultrathin noncrystalline NbP semimetal. <em>Science</em> 387 (6729): 62-67; doi: 10.1126/science.adq7096</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080;"><em>This article is a version of a press-release provided by Stanford University.</em></span></p> </div> </article> </div> <div class="single-left"> <div class="postedby"> Published in </div> <div class="single-category"><ul class="post-categories"> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/othersciences/computerscience" >Computer Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/othersciences/electricalengineering" >Electrical Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/othersciences/materials" >Materials Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/othersciences/nanotechnologies" >Nanotechnologies</a></li></ul></div> <div class="postedby2"> <div class="postedby"> Tagged as </div></div> <div class="single-tags"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/chip" rel="tag">Chip</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/computer" rel="tag">Computer</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/computer-chip" rel="tag">Computer chip</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/conductor" rel="tag">Conductor</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/niobium" rel="tag">Niobium</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/niobium-phosphide" rel="tag">Niobium phosphide</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/phosphorus" rel="tag">Phosphorus</a></div> <div class="postedby3"></div> <div class="postedby3"></div> <div class="single-related"> <div class="postedby">You Might Like </div> <div class="related"> <div class="relatedpost"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/physics/buckminsterfullerene-plasmonic-resonance-13683.html"><img width="104" height="75" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13683-Buckminsterfullerene-Electrons-104x75.jpg" class="attachment-secondpostimg size-secondpostimg wp-post-image" alt="Biswas et al. observed how electrons, excited by ultrafast light pulses, danced in unison around a buckminsterfullerene molecule, then emitted excess energy in the form of several electrons. 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The disk of the planet features yellow, orange, blue and green patches, all with an overall muted grey hue, representing the varying composition of the surface. Image credit: ESA / DLR / FU Berlin / G. Michael / CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13699f-Mars-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13699f-Mars-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/space/mars-color-13699.html' title='Water-Rich Iron Mineral May Be Main Culprit behind Mars’ Red Color'>Water-Rich Iron Mineral May Be Main Culprit behind Mars’ Red Color</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 25, 2025 | Planetary Science</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/solar-system-radcliffe-wave-passage-miocene-epoch-13698.html" title="Our Solar System Crossed ‘Radcliffe Wave’ during Miocene Epoch, Astronomers Say"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/01/image_7995f-Radcliffe-Wave-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Visualization of the Radcliffe Wave. Image credit: Alyssa Goodman / Harvard University." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/01/image_7995f-Radcliffe-Wave-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/01/image_7995f-Radcliffe-Wave-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/solar-system-radcliffe-wave-passage-miocene-epoch-13698.html' title='Our Solar System Crossed ‘Radcliffe Wave’ during Miocene Epoch, Astronomers Say'>Our Solar System Crossed ‘Radcliffe Wave’ during Miocene Epoch, Astronomers Say</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 25, 2025 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/space/early-mars-beaches-13697.html" title="Early Mars Was Home to Sun-Soaked, Sandy Beaches, New Study Suggests"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13697f-Zhurong-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="A panoramic photo taken by China’s Zhurong rover on Mars. Image credit: National Astronomical Observatories." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13697f-Zhurong-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13697f-Zhurong-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/space/early-mars-beaches-13697.html' title='Early Mars Was Home to Sun-Soaked, Sandy Beaches, New Study Suggests'>Early Mars Was Home to Sun-Soaked, Sandy Beaches, New Study Suggests</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 25, 2025 | Planetary Science</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/genetics/white-oak-genome-13696.html" title="White Oak Genome Sequenced"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13696-Quercus-alba-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="The Quercus alba individual sequenced for the genome assembly, growing at Star Hill Farm, Loretto, , Kentucky, the United States. Image credit: D. Larson." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13696-Quercus-alba-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13696-Quercus-alba-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/genetics/white-oak-genome-13696.html' title='White Oak Genome Sequenced'>White Oak Genome Sequenced</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 25, 2025 | Genetics</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/paleontology/uriash-kadici-13695.html" title="Large-Bodied Sauropod Dinosaur Lived on Cretaceous European Island"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13695f-Lithostrotian-Titanosaurs-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="An artist’s impression of a herd of lithostrotian dinosaurs (right). Image credit: ABelov / CC BY 3.0." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13695f-Lithostrotian-Titanosaurs-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13695f-Lithostrotian-Titanosaurs-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/paleontology/uriash-kadici-13695.html' title='Large-Bodied Sauropod Dinosaur Lived on Cretaceous European Island'>Large-Bodied Sauropod Dinosaur Lived on Cretaceous European Island</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 24, 2025 | Paleontology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/biology/palaeognath-birds-technical-innovation-13694.html" title="Palaeognath Birds are Capable of Technical Innovation, Study Shows"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13694-Palaeognaths-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Palaeognath birds. Image credit: Bernard Dupont / Kore / Kadellar / Frank Vincentz / Rohit / Manuel Anastácio / CC BY-SA 4.0." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13694-Palaeognaths-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13694-Palaeognaths-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/biology/palaeognath-birds-technical-innovation-13694.html' title='Palaeognath Birds are Capable of Technical Innovation, Study Shows'>Palaeognath Birds are Capable of Technical Innovation, Study Shows</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 24, 2025 | Biology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/physics/proton-force-map-13693.html" title="Physicists Map Out Forces Acting inside Proton"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13693-Proton-Map-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Distribution of the color-Lorentz force acting on an unpolarized up quark in the transverse plane (indicated by the vector field) superimposed on the up quark density distribution in impact-parameter space for an unpolarized proton. 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Image credit: Tim Ulama." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13692-Walnuts-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13692-Walnuts-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/medicine/walnut-rich-breakfast-cognitive-performance-13692.html' title='Study: Walnut-Rich Breakfast Enhances Cognitive Performance throughout the Day'>Study: Walnut-Rich Breakfast Enhances Cognitive Performance throughout the Day</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 24, 2025 | Medicine</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/hubble-veil-nebula-13691.html" title="Hubble Space Telescope Explores Colorful Veil Nebula"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13691-Veil-Nebula-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="This Hubble image shows part of the Veil Nebula. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / R. Sankrit." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13691-Veil-Nebula-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13691-Veil-Nebula-300x295.jpg 300w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13691-Veil-Nebula-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13691-Veil-Nebula.jpg 580w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/hubble-veil-nebula-13691.html' title='Hubble Space Telescope Explores Colorful Veil Nebula'>Hubble Space Telescope Explores Colorful Veil Nebula</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 24, 2025 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/paleontology/xingxiulong-yueorum-13690.html" title="Paleontologists Discover New Species of Sauropodomorph Dinosaur"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13690-Xingxiulong-yueorum-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="The fossilized skeleton of Xingxiulong yueorum. Image credit: Chinese Academy of Sciences." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13690-Xingxiulong-yueorum-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13690-Xingxiulong-yueorum-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/paleontology/xingxiulong-yueorum-13690.html' title='Paleontologists Discover New Species of Sauropodomorph Dinosaur'>Paleontologists Discover New Species of Sauropodomorph Dinosaur</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 21, 2025 | Paleontology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/biology/litoria-eungellensis-13689.html" title="New Species of Tree Frog Discovered in Australia"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13689-Litoria-revelata-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="The whirring tree frog (Litoria revelata). 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The picture shows a Neanderthal man. Image credit: Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/07/image_7374f-Neanderthal-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/07/image_7374f-Neanderthal-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/anthropology/neanderthal-bottleneck-event-13688.html' title='New Study Suggests That There Was Late Bottleneck Event in Neanderthal Evolution'>New Study Suggests That There Was Late Bottleneck Event in Neanderthal Evolution</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 20, 2025 | Anatomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/supernova-virus-evolution-13687.html" title="Ionizing Radiation from Nearby Supernova Altered Virus Evolution 2.5 Million Years Ago"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2023/04/image_11849f-X-Ray-Supernova-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Illustration of an Earth-like exoplanet after X-ray radiation exposure. 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Weiss." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2023/04/image_11849f-X-Ray-Supernova-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2023/04/image_11849f-X-Ray-Supernova-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/supernova-virus-evolution-13687.html' title='Ionizing Radiation from Nearby Supernova Altered Virus Evolution 2.5 Million Years Ago'>Ionizing Radiation from Nearby Supernova Altered Virus Evolution 2.5 Million Years Ago</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Feb 20, 2025 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/paleontology/eocene-palm-phytoliths-subarctic-canada-13686.html" title="Palm Fossils from Subarctic Canada Imply Ice-Free Winters 48 Million Years Ago"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/02/image_13686-Palm-Phytoliths-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Palm phytoliths from the Eocene Giraffe locality (a-q) and modern phytoliths extracted from foliage of the coryphoid palm Trachycarpus fortunei. 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