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</li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Bickford</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="تشارلز بيكفورد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تشارلز بيكفورد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AC%D5%A6_%D5%8A%D5%AB%D6%84%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Չարլզ Պիքֆորտ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Չարլզ Պիքֆորտ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="چارلز بیکفورد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چارلز بیکفورد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="چارلز بیکفورد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چارلز بیکفورد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B9%85%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="찰스 빅퍼드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="찰스 빅퍼드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AC%D5%A6_%D4%B2%D5%AB%D6%84%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Չարլզ Բիքֆորդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չարլզ Բիքֆորդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%27%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93" title="צ'ארלס ביקפורד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צ'ארלס ביקפורד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="تشارلز بيكفورد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشارلز بيكفورد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%93%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="チャールズ・ビックフォード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チャールズ・ビックフォード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4,_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7" title="Бикфорд, Чарльз – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бикфорд, Чарльз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford" title="Charles Bickford – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Charles Bickford" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Чарльз Бікфорд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чарльз Бікфорд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E7%A2%A7%E7%A6%8F" title="查里士碧福 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="查里士碧福" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American actor (1891–1967)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Charles Bickford</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG/220px-Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG/330px-Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG/440px-Charles_Bickford_1950s.JPG 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="867" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bickford as host of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Behind_the_Badge" title="The Man Behind the Badge">The Man Behind the Badge</a></i> (<i>circa</i> 1955)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Charles Ambrose Bickford</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1891-01-01</span>)</span>January 1, 1891<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 9, 1967<span style="display:none">(1967-11-09)</span> (aged 76)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, California, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Actor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1911–1967</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Beatrice Ursula Allen<br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1916)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles Ambrose Bickford</b> (January 1, 1891 – November 9, 1967)<sup id="cite_ref-starwalk_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-starwalk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an American actor known for supporting roles.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was nominated three times for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor">Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Bernadette_(film)" title="The Song of Bernadette (film)">The Song of Bernadette</a></i> (1943), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer%27s_Daughter_(1947_film)" title="The Farmer's Daughter (1947 film)">The Farmer's Daughter</a></i> (1947) and <i><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Belinda_(1948_film)" title="Johnny Belinda (1948 film)">Johnny Belinda</a></i> (1948). His other roles include <i><a href="/wiki/Whirlpool_(1950_film)" title="Whirlpool (1950 film)">Whirlpool</a></i> (1950), <i><a href="/wiki/A_Star_Is_Born_(1954_film)" title="A Star Is Born (1954 film)">A Star Is Born</a></i> (1954) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Country" title="The Big Country">The Big Country</a></i> (1958). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bickford was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, during the first minute of 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His parents were Loretus and Mary Ellen Bickford.<sup id="cite_ref-twp_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fifth of seven children, he was an intelligent but very independent and unruly child. He had a particularly strong relationship with his maternal grandfather, a sea captain, who was a powerful influence during his formative years. At the age of nine, he was tried and acquitted of the attempted murder of a trolley motorman, who had callously driven over and killed his beloved dog.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 12–16">: 12–16 </span></sup> He attended Foster School and <a href="/wiki/Everett_High_School_(Massachusetts)" title="Everett High School (Massachusetts)">Everett High School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-twp_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Always more interested in experiencing life than reading about it, Bickford was considered "the wild rogue" of the family, causing his parents frequent consternation. In his late teens, he drifted aimlessly around the United States for a time. Before breaking into acting, he worked as a lumberjack and investment promoter, and for a short time, ran a pest-extermination business. He was a stoker and fireman in the United States Navy when a friend dared him to get a job in <a href="/wiki/Burlesque" title="Burlesque">burlesque</a>. Bickford served as an engineer lieutenant in the United States Army during World War I. His first entry into acting was on the stage, eventually including Broadway. This venue provided him with an occasional living and served as the principal training ground for developing his acting and vocal talents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acting_career">Acting career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Acting career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bickford had intended to attend the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT) to earn an engineering degree, but while wandering around the country, he became friends with the manager of a burlesque show, who convinced Bickford to take a role in the show. He debuted in Oakland, California in 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 50–53">: 50–53 </span></sup> Bickford enjoyed himself so much that he abandoned his plans to attend MIT.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 60–61">: 60–61 </span></sup> He made his legitimate stage debut with the John Craig Stock Company at the <a href="/wiki/Castle_Square_Theatre" title="Castle Square Theatre">Castle Square Theatre</a> in Boston in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 61–62">: 61–62 </span></sup> He eventually joined a road company and traveled throughout the United States for more than a decade, appearing in various productions. In 1925, while working in a Broadway play called <i>Outside Looking In</i>, co-star <a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (in his first Broadway role) and he received rave reviews.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 142–145">: 142–145 </span></sup> He was offered a role in <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brenon" title="Herbert Brenon">Herbert Brenon</a>'s 1926 film of <i><a href="/wiki/Beau_Geste" title="Beau Geste">Beau Geste</a></i>, but anxious not to give up his newfound Broadway stardom, refused it, a decision he later came to regret. Following his appearance in the critically praised but unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Anderson" title="Maxwell Anderson">Maxwell Anderson</a>-Harold Hickerson drama about the <a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Sacco and Vanzetti</a> case <i><a href="/wiki/Gods_of_the_Lightning" title="Gods of the Lightning">Gods of the Lightning</a></i> (Bickford was the Sacco character), he was contacted by filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> and offered a contract with <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (MGM) studios to star in DeMille's first talking picture: <i><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_(1929_film)" title="Dynamite (1929 film)">Dynamite</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 157">: 157 </span></sup> He soon began working with MGM studio chief <a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a> on a number of projects. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg/220px-Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg/330px-Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg/440px-Charles_Bickford-Raquel_Torres_in_the_Sea_Bat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1234" data-file-height="1471" /></a><figcaption>Bickford and <a href="/wiki/Raquel_Torres" title="Raquel Torres">Raquel Torres</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Bat" title="The Sea Bat">The Sea Bat</a></i> (1930)</figcaption></figure> <p>Bickford became a star after playing <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a>'s lover in <i><a href="/wiki/Anna_Christie_(1930_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Christie (1930 film)">Anna Christie</a></i> (1930), but never developed into a leading man. Always independent minded, exceptionally strong-willed, and quick with his fists, Bickford frequently argued and nearly came to blows with Mayer and any number of other MGM authority figures during the course of this contract with the studio. During the production of <i>Dynamite</i>, he punched out his director following a string of heated arguments, primarily related to the interpretation of his character's role. Throughout his early career on both the stage and later films, Bickford rejected numerous scripts and made no secret of his disdain for much of the material he was offered. Not surprisingly, his association with MGM was short-lived, with Bickford asking for and quickly receiving a release from his contract. He soon found himself blacklisted at other studios, though, forcing him <sup id="cite_ref-b_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 274–277">: 274–277 </span></sup> to take the highly unusual step (for that era) of becoming an independent actor for several years. His career took another turn in 1935, when he was mauled by a lion and nearly killed while filming <i>East of Java.</i> While he recovered, he lost his contract with Twentieth Century-Fox and his leading-man status owing to extensive neck scarring suffered in the attack, coupled with his advancing age.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 298–303">: 298–303 </span></sup> Soon, he made a very successful transition to character roles, which he felt offered much greater diversity and allowed him to showcase his talent to better effect. Much preferring the character roles that became his forte, Bickford appeared in many notable films, including <i>The Farmer's Daughter</i>, <i>Johnny Belinda</i>, <i>A Star Is Born</i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Not_as_a_Stranger" title="Not as a Stranger">Not as a Stranger</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 308">: 308 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eleanor_Roosevelt,_Gene_Kelly,_Charles_Bickford,_Veronica_Lake,_Joe_E._Brown,_Jane_Wyman,_Myrna_Loy,_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg/220px-Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg/330px-Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg/440px-Eleanor_Roosevelt%2C_Gene_Kelly%2C_Charles_Bickford%2C_Veronica_Lake%2C_Joe_E._Brown%2C_Jane_Wyman%2C_Myrna_Loy%2C_George_Murphy..._-_NARA_-_196787.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2372" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a>, Charles Bickford, <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Lake" title="Veronica Lake">Veronica Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Brown" title="Joe E. Brown">Joe E. Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyman" title="Jane Wyman">Jane Wyman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_O%27Brien" title="Margaret O'Brien">Margaret O'Brien</a> in 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>Finding great success playing an array of character roles in films and later in television, Bickford quickly became highly sought-after; his burly frame and craggy, intense features, coupled with a gruff, powerful voice lent themselves to a wide variety of roles. Most often, he played lovable father figures, stern businessmen, heavies, ship captains, or authority figures of some sort. During the 1940s, he was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He served as host of the 1950s television series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Behind_the_Badge" title="The Man Behind the Badge">The Man Behind the Badge</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 16, 1958, Bickford appeared with <a href="/wiki/Roger_Smith_(actor)" title="Roger Smith (actor)">Roger Smith</a> in "The Daniel Barrister Story" on <i><a href="/wiki/Wagon_Train" title="Wagon Train">Wagon Train</a></i>. </p><p>Bickford continued to act in projects right up to his death. He guest-starred on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Islanders_(TV_series)" title="The Islanders (TV series)">The Islanders</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Barbara_Stanwyck_Show" title="The Barbara Stanwyck Show">The Barbara Stanwyck Show</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eleventh_Hour_(1962_TV_series)" title="The Eleventh Hour (1962 TV series)">The Eleventh Hour</a></i>. In his final years, Bickford played rancher John Grainger, owner of the Shiloh Ranch, on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virginian_(TV_series)" title="The Virginian (TV series)">The Virginian</a></i>. Bickford was well-liked by both fans and his fellow actors, including series lead <a href="/wiki/James_Drury" title="James Drury">James Drury</a>. According to Drury, Bickford, who guest-starred earlier in the series in an unrelated role, wished he could have been on the series from the beginning.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Paul Green, author of <i>A History of Television's The Virginian, 1962-1971</i>, Bickford's vigorous portrayal of John Grainger helped restore the quality of the show after what some considered a chaotic fourth season.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two of the actor's late-career, big-screen roles came in the Western <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Country" title="The Big Country">The Big Country</a></i> (1958), as a wealthy and ruthless rancher, with <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a>; and in the drama <i><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Wine_and_Roses_(film)" title="Days of Wine and Roses (film)">Days of Wine and Roses</a></i> (1962), as the forlorn father of an alcoholic, with <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lee_Remick" title="Lee Remick">Lee Remick</a>. <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> ran <i>The Big Country</i> four nights in a row in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> when it was first released.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bickford married actress Beatrice Ursula Allen (stage name Beatrice Loring)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in Manhattan in 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple had two children, daughter Doris, known as “Bunny”, and son Rex.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Bickford was a practicing Catholic<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> who supported <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a>'s campaign during the <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952 presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, Bickford published his autobiography <i>Bulls, Balls, Bicycles, & Actors</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 308">: 308 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bickford died in Los Angeles on November 9, 1967, at age 76, of pneumonia and a blood infection after being hospitalized for an extended period.<sup id="cite_ref-starwalk_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-starwalk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bickford received two stars on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a> in 1960. His <a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_with_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame_motion_picture_stars" title="List of actors with Hollywood Walk of Fame motion picture stars">motion-picture star</a> is located at 6780 Hollywood Boulevard, and his television star is located at 1620 Vine Street.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_actor">As actor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As actor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Rose" title="South Sea Rose">South Sea Rose</a></i> (1929) - Capt. Briggs</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_(1929_film)" title="Dynamite (1929 film)">Dynamite</a></i> (1929) - Hagon Derk</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Heroes_(film)" title="Hell's Heroes (film)">Hell's Heroes</a></i> (1929) - Bob Sangster</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_Christie_(1930_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Christie (1930 film)">Anna Christie</a></i> (1930) - Matt Burke</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Bat" title="The Sea Bat">The Sea Bat</a></i> (1930) - John Dennis aka Reverend Sims</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/River%27s_End_(1930_film)" title="River's End (1930 film)">River's End</a></i> (1930) - John Keith / Sgt. John Conniston</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Passion_Flower_(1930_film)" title="Passion Flower (1930 film)">Passion Flower</a></i> (1930) - Dan Wallace</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_of_Borneo" title="East of Borneo">East of Borneo</a></i> (1931) - Dr. Allan Randolph</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Squaw_Man_(1931_film)" title="The Squaw Man (1931 film)">The Squaw Man</a></i> (1931) - Cash Hawkins</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pagan_Lady" title="The Pagan Lady">The Pagan Lady</a></i> (1931) - Dingo Mike</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_in_Her_Life" title="Men in Her Life">Men in Her Life</a></i> (1931) - 'Flashy' Madden</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panama_Flo" title="Panama Flo">Panama Flo</a></i> (1932) - Dan McTeague</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scandal_for_Sale" title="Scandal for Sale">Scandal for Sale</a></i> (1932) - Jerry Strong</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Below" title="Thunder Below">Thunder Below</a></i> (1932) - Walt</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Man_(1932_film)" title="The Last Man (1932 film)">The Last Man</a></i> (1932) - Bannister</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Street" title="Vanity Street">Vanity Street</a></i> (1932) - Brian Murphy</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Other_Woman_(1933_film)" title="No Other Woman (1933 film)">No Other Woman</a></i> (1933) - Jim Stanley</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Song_of_the_Eagle" title="Song of the Eagle">Song of the Eagle</a></i> (1933) - Joe (Nails) Anderson</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/This_Day_and_Age_(film)" title="This Day and Age (film)">This Day and Age</a></i> (1933) - Louis Garrett</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Woman" title="White Woman">White Woman</a></i> (1933) - Ballister</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Wagon_(film)" title="Red Wagon (film)">Red Wagon</a></i> (1933) - Joe Prince</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Miss_Marker_(1934_film)" title="Little Miss Marker (1934 film)">Little Miss Marker</a></i> (1934) - Big Steve Halloway</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wicked_Woman" title="A Wicked Woman">A Wicked Woman</a></i> (1934) - Naylor</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Notorious_Gentleman" title="A Notorious Gentleman">A Notorious Gentleman</a></i> (1935) - Kirk Arlen</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Pressure_(1935_film)" title="Under Pressure (1935 film)">Under Pressure</a></i> (1935) - Nipper Moran</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer_Takes_a_Wife_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Farmer Takes a Wife (film)">The Farmer Takes a Wife</a></i> (1935) - Jotham Klore</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_of_Java" title="East of Java">East of Java</a></i> (1935) - Red McGovern aka Harvey Bowers</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_the_Rancho_(1936_film)" title="Rose of the Rancho (1936 film)">Rose of the Rancho</a></i> (1936) - Joe Kincaid</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pride_of_the_Marines_(1936_film)" title="Pride of the Marines (1936 film)">Pride of the Marines</a></i> (1936) - Steve Riley</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Plainsman" title="The Plainsman">The Plainsman</a></i> (1936) - John Lattimer</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High,_Wide,_and_Handsome" class="mw-redirect" title="High, Wide, and Handsome">High, Wide, and Handsome</a></i> (1937) - Red Scanlon</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Trail" title="Thunder Trail">Thunder Trail</a></i> (1937) - Lee Tate</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_Club_Scandal" title="Night Club Scandal">Night Club Scandal</a></i> (1937) - Det. Capt. McKinley</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daughter_of_Shanghai" title="Daughter of Shanghai">Daughter of Shanghai</a></i> (1937) - Otto Hartman</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gangs_of_New_York_(1938_film)" title="Gangs of New York (1938 film)">Gangs of New York</a></i> (1938) - 'Rocky' Thorpe / John Franklyn</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Giants_(film)" title="Valley of the Giants (film)">Valley of the Giants</a></i> (1938) - Howard Fallon</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Storm_(1938_film)" title="The Storm (1938 film)">The Storm</a></i> (1938) - Bob 'Sparks' Roberts</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stand_Up_and_Fight_(film)" title="Stand Up and Fight (film)">Stand Up and Fight</a></i> (1939) - Arnold</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romance_of_the_Redwoods_(1939_film)" title="Romance of the Redwoods (1939 film)">Romance of the Redwoods</a></i> (1939) - Steve Blake</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Street_of_Missing_Men" title="Street of Missing Men">Street of Missing Men</a></i> (1939) - Cash Darwin</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Leading_Citizen_(1939_film)" title="Our Leading Citizen (1939 film)">Our Leading Citizen</a></i> (1939) - Shep Muir</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mutiny_in_the_Big_House" title="Mutiny in the Big House">Mutiny in the Big House</a></i> (1939) - Father Joe Collins</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Hour_to_Live" title="One Hour to Live">One Hour to Live</a></i> (1939) - Insp. Sid Brady</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Of_Mice_and_Men_(1939_film)" title="Of Mice and Men (1939 film)">Of Mice and Men</a></i> (1939) - Slim</li> <li><i>Thou Shalt Not Kill</i> (1939) - Rev. Chris Saunders</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Girl_from_God%27s_Country" title="Girl from God's Country">Girl from God's Country</a></i> (1940) - Bill Bogler</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_to_Karanga" title="South to Karanga">South to Karanga</a></i> (1940) - Jeff Worthing</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Yukon" title="Queen of the Yukon">Queen of the Yukon</a></i> (1940) - Ace Rincon</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riders_of_Death_Valley" title="Riders of Death Valley">Riders of Death Valley</a></i> (1941, Serial) - Wolf Reade</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burma_Convoy" title="Burma Convoy">Burma Convoy</a></i> (1941) - Cliff Weldon</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reap_the_Wild_Wind" title="Reap the Wild Wind">Reap the Wild Wind</a></i> (1942) - Master of the 'Tyfib'</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarzan%27s_New_York_Adventure" title="Tarzan's New York Adventure">Tarzan's New York Adventure</a></i> (1942) - Buck Rand</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Lucky_(film)" title="Mr. Lucky (film)">Mr. Lucky</a></i> (1943) - Hard Swede</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Bernadette_(film)" title="The Song of Bernadette (film)">The Song of Bernadette</a></i> (1943) - <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Peyramale" title="Dominique Peyramale">Father Peyramale</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wing_and_a_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Wing and a Prayer">Wing and a Prayer</a></i> (1944) - Capt. Waddell</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Eddie" title="Captain Eddie">Captain Eddie</a></i> (1945) - William Rickenbacker</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fallen_Angel_(1945_film)" title="Fallen Angel (1945 film)">Fallen Angel</a></i> (1945) - Mark Judd</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duel_in_the_Sun_(film)" title="Duel in the Sun (film)">Duel in the Sun</a></i> (1946) - Sam Pierce</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer%27s_Daughter_(1947_film)" title="The Farmer's Daughter (1947 film)">The Farmer's Daughter</a></i> (1947) - Joseph Clancy</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_on_the_Beach" title="The Woman on the Beach">The Woman on the Beach</a></i> (1947) - Tod Butler</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brute_Force_(1947_film)" title="Brute Force (1947 film)">Brute Force</a></i> (1947) - Gallagher</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Babe_Ruth_Story" title="The Babe Ruth Story">The Babe Ruth Story</a></i> (1948) - Brother Matthias</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Faces_West" title="Four Faces West">Four Faces West</a></i> (1948) - Pat Garrett</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Belinda_(1948_film)" title="Johnny Belinda (1948 film)">Johnny Belinda</a></i> (1948) - Black MacDonald</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Command_Decision_(film)" title="Command Decision (film)">Command Decision</a></i> (1948) - Elmer Brockhurst</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roseanna_McCoy" title="Roseanna McCoy">Roseanna McCoy</a></i> (1949) - Devil Anse Hatfield</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whirlpool_(1950_film)" title="Whirlpool (1950 film)">Whirlpool</a></i> (1950) - Lt. James Colton</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guilty_of_Treason" title="Guilty of Treason">Guilty of Treason</a></i> (1950) - Joszef Cardinal Mindszenty</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riding_High_(1950_film)" title="Riding High (1950 film)">Riding High</a></i> (1950) - J.L. Higgins</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Branded_(1950_film)" title="Branded (1950 film)">Branded</a></i> (1950) - Richard Lavery</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_%E2%80%93_All-American" title="Jim Thorpe – All-American">Jim Thorpe – All-American</a></i> (1951) - Glenn S. 'Pop' Warner</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Raging_Tide" title="The Raging Tide">The Raging Tide</a></i> (1951) - Hamil Linder</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elopement_(film)" title="Elopement (film)">Elopement</a></i> (1951) - Tom Reagan</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Posse" title="The Last Posse">The Last Posse</a></i> (1953) - Sampson Drune</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Star_Is_Born_(1954_film)" title="A Star Is Born (1954 film)">A Star Is Born</a></i> (1954) - Oliver Niles</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Players" title="Prince of Players">Prince of Players</a></i> (1955) - Dave Prescott</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Not_as_a_Stranger" title="Not as a Stranger">Not as a Stranger</a></i> (1955) - Dr. Dave Runkleman</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Court-Martial_of_Billy_Mitchell" title="The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell">The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell</a></i> (1955) - Gen. Jimmy Guthrie</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Run_Away_from_It" title="You Can't Run Away from It">You Can't Run Away from It</a></i> (1956) - A.A. Andrews</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mister_Cory" title="Mister Cory">Mister Cory</a></i> (1957) - Jeremiah Des Plains 'Biloxi' Caldwell</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Country" title="The Big Country">The Big Country</a></i> (1958) - Maj. Henry Terrill</li> <li><i>Woman on the Run</i> (1959, TV movie)</li> <li><i>Winterset</i> (1959, TV movie) - Judge Gaunt</li> <li><i>The 33rd</i> (1959, TV movie)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unforgiven_(1960_film)" title="The Unforgiven (1960 film)">The Unforgiven</a></i> (1960) - Zeb Rawlins</li> <li><i>The Gambler, the Nun and the Radio</i> (1960, TV movie)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer%27s_Daughter_(1962_film)" title="The Farmer's Daughter (1962 film)">The Farmer's Daughter</a></i> (1962, TV movie) - Clancy</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Wine_and_Roses_(film)" title="Days of Wine and Roses (film)">Days of Wine and Roses</a></i> (1962) - Ellis Arnesen</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Della_(film)" title="Della (film)">Della</a></i> (1964) - Hugh Stafford</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Big_Hand_for_the_Little_Lady" title="A Big Hand for the Little Lady">A Big Hand for the Little Lady</a></i> (1966) - Benson Tropp</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Virginian_(TV_series)" title="The Virginian (TV series)">The Virginian</a></i> (1966-1967) - Grainger</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_himself">As himself</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: As himself"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Screen Snapshots Series 9, No. 20</i> (1930, short)</li> <li><i>Screen Snapshots</i> (1932, documentary short)</li> <li><i>Hollywood on Parade No. B-6</i> (1934, short)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Wave" title="The Dark Wave">The Dark Wave</a></i> (1956, documentary short)</li> <li><i>Now Is Tomorrow</i> (1958, TV movie)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_with_Academy_Award_nominations" title="List of actors with Academy Award nominations">List of actors with Academy Award nominations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-starwalk-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-starwalk_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-starwalk_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/charles-bickford/">"Charles Bickford"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times Hollywood Star Walk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times+Hollywood+Star+Walk&rft.atitle=Charles+Bickford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.latimes.com%2Fhollywood%2Fstar-walk%2Fcharles-bickford%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=MT19671110&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1">"Veteran Actor Bickford Dies in Hollywood"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Madera_Tribune" title="Madera Tribune">Madera Tribune</a></i>. Vol. 76, no. 127. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. November 10, 1967. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Madera+Tribune&rft.atitle=Veteran+Actor+Bickford+Dies+in+Hollywood&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=127&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1967-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdnc.ucr.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcdnc%3Fa%3Dd%26d%3DMT19671110%26e%3D-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBickford1965" class="citation book cs1">Bickford, Charles (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rc-wAAAAIAAJ&q=first+minute"><i>Bulls Balls Bicycles & Actors</i></a>. Paul S. Eriksson, Inc. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulls+Balls+Bicycles+%26+Actors&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Paul+S.+Eriksson%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Bickford&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drc-wAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dfirst%2Bminute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twp-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-twp_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-twp_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaker2017" class="citation book cs1">Aaker, Everett (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yXAkDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Charles+Ambrose+Bickford%22&pg=PA1806"><i>Television Western Players, 1960–1975: A Biographical Dictionary</i></a>. McFarland. pp. 32–35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1476628561" title="Special:BookSources/978-1476628561"><bdi>978-1476628561</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Television+Western+Players%2C+1960%E2%80%931975%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.pages=32-35&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1476628561&rft.aulast=Aaker&rft.aufirst=Everett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyXAkDwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522Charles%2BAmbrose%2BBickford%2522%26pg%3DPA1806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPitts2015" class="citation book cs1">Pitts, Michael R. (September 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PMOSCgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Charles+Bickford%22+%22the+man+behind+the+badge%22&pg=PA289"><i>Charles Bronson: The 95 Films and the 156 Television Appearances</i></a>. McFarland. p. 289. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1035-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1035-1"><bdi>978-1-4766-1035-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+Bronson%3A+The+95+Films+and+the+156+Television+Appearances&rft.pages=289&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2015-09-17&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-1035-1&rft.aulast=Pitts&rft.aufirst=Michael+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPMOSCgAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522Charles%2BBickford%2522%2B%2522the%2Bman%2Bbehind%2Bthe%2Bbadge%2522%26pg%3DPA289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2019" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Nick (June 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727194204/https://www.timesonline.com/entertainmentlife/20190623/tinseltown-talk-james-drury-remembers-the-virginian-co-stars">"Tinseltown Talk: James Drury remembers 'The Virginian' co-stars"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beaver_County_Times" title="The Beaver County Times">The Beaver County Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesonline.com/entertainmentlife/20190623/tinseltown-talk-james-drury-remembers-the-virginian-co-stars">the original</a> on July 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Beaver+County+Times&rft.atitle=Tinseltown+Talk%3A+James+Drury+remembers+%27The+Virginian%27+co-stars&rft.date=2019-06-23&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.com%2Fentertainmentlife%2F20190623%2Ftinseltown-talk-james-drury-remembers-the-virginian-co-stars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2014" class="citation book cs1">Green, Paul (January 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OvPH-sYo_O8C&q=%22Charles%20Bickford%22"><i>A History of Television's The Virginian, 1962-1971</i></a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5799-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5799-1"><bdi>978-0-7864-5799-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Television%27s+The+Virginian%2C+1962-1971&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5799-1&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOvPH-sYo_O8C%26q%3D%2522Charles%2520Bickford%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1940": Charles Ambrose Bickford and Beatrice Ursula Allen, 20 January 1916, Manhattan, New York. New York City Municipal Archives via <a href="/wiki/FamilySearch" title="FamilySearch">FamilySearch</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morning News, January 10, 1948, <i>Who Was Who in America</i> (Vol. 2)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Motion Picture and Television Magazine</i>, November 1952, page 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walkoffame.com/charles-bickford">"Charles Bickford"</a>. <i>Hollywood Walk of Fame</i>. October 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hollywood+Walk+of+Fame&rft.atitle=Charles+Bickford&rft.date=2019-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walkoffame.com%2Fcharles-bickford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlistair2018" class="citation book cs1">Alistair, Rupert (2018). "Charles Bickford". <i>The Name Below the Title : 65 Classic Movie Character Actors from Hollywood's Golden Age</i> (softcover) (First ed.). Great Britain: Independently published. pp. 36–39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7200-3837-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7200-3837-5"><bdi>978-1-7200-3837-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charles+Bickford&rft.btitle=The+Name+Below+the+Title+%3A+65+Classic+Movie+Character+Actors+from+Hollywood%27s+Golden+Age&rft.place=Great+Britain&rft.pages=36-39&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Independently+published&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-7200-3837-5&rft.aulast=Alistair&rft.aufirst=Rupert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+Bickford" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bickford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q710538#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p6091">Charles Bickford</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q710538#P2019" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/32052">Charles Bickford</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor">National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1954–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(actor)" title="John Williams (actor)">John Williams</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles Bickford</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Basehart" title="Richard Basehart">Richard Basehart</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sessue_Hayakawa" title="Sessue Hayakawa">Sessue Hayakawa</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Salmi" title="Albert Salmi">Albert Salmi</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Griffith" title="Hugh Griffith">Hugh Griffith</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Peppard" title="George Peppard">George Peppard</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Gleason" title="Jackie Gleason">Jackie Gleason</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burgess_Meredith" title="Burgess Meredith">Burgess Meredith</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Douglas" title="Melvyn Douglas">Melvyn Douglas</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Balsam" title="Martin Balsam">Martin Balsam</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Andrews" title="Harry Andrews">Harry Andrews</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_(actor)" title="Robert Shaw (actor)">Robert Shaw</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ford" title="Paul Ford">Paul Ford</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_McKern" title="Leo McKern">Leo McKern</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Noiret" title="Philippe Noiret">Philippe Noiret</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Langella" title="Frank Langella">Frank Langella</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson_(actor)" title="Ben Johnson (actor)">Ben Johnson</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Grey" title="Joel Grey">Joel Grey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Houseman" title="John Houseman">John Houseman</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Holger_L%C3%B6wenadler" title="Holger Löwenadler">Holger Löwenadler</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Durning" title="Charles Durning">Charles Durning</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jason_Robards" title="Jason Robards">Jason Robards</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Skerritt" title="Tom Skerritt">Tom Skerritt</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Farnsworth" title="Richard Farnsworth">Richard Farnsworth</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dooley" title="Paul Dooley">Paul Dooley</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Preston_(actor)" title="Robert Preston (actor)">Robert Preston</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Malkovich" title="John Malkovich">John Malkovich</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Maria_Brandauer" title="Klaus Maria Brandauer">Klaus Maria Brandauer</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/River_Phoenix" title="River Phoenix">River Phoenix</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Alda" title="Alan Alda">Alan Alda</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_DiCaprio" title="Leonardo DiCaprio">Leonardo DiCaprio</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Sinise" title="Gary Sinise">Gary Sinise</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Spacey" title="Kevin Spacey">Kevin Spacey</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Norton" title="Edward Norton">Edward Norton</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greg_Kinnear" title="Greg Kinnear">Greg Kinnear</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Harris" title="Ed Harris">Ed Harris</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Seymour_Hoffman" title="Philip Seymour Hoffman">Philip Seymour Hoffman</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Phoenix" title="Joaquin Phoenix">Joaquin Phoenix</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Broadbent" title="Jim Broadbent">Jim Broadbent</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Cooper" title="Chris Cooper">Chris Cooper</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Baldwin" title="Alec Baldwin">Alec Baldwin</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Haden_Church" title="Thomas Haden Church">Thomas Haden Church</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jake_Gyllenhaal" title="Jake Gyllenhaal">Jake Gyllenhaal</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Djimon_Hounsou" title="Djimon Hounsou">Djimon Hounsou</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Affleck" title="Casey Affleck">Casey Affleck</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josh_Brolin" title="Josh Brolin">Josh Brolin</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Harrelson" title="Woody Harrelson">Woody Harrelson</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Bale" title="Christian Bale">Christian Bale</a>(2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Plummer" title="Christopher Plummer">Christopher Plummer</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_DiCaprio" title="Leonardo DiCaprio">Leonardo DiCaprio</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Forte" title="Will Forte">Will Forte</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Norton" title="Edward Norton">Edward Norton</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Elliott" title="Sam Elliott">Sam Elliott</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Raci" title="Paul Raci">Paul Raci</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ciar%C3%A1n_Hinds" title="Ciarán Hinds">Ciarán Hinds</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Gleeson" title="Brendan Gleeson">Brendan Gleeson</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Ruffalo" title="Mark Ruffalo">Mark Ruffalo</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q710538#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q710538#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q710538#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1074843878">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86138679">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb146598276">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb146598276">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0152437&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1064888">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/6013944">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020M1310">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810671015905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987012548373205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA15235722?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1074843878">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/061282928">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6qv6gm3">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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