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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Riproduzione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Riproduzione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origine_degli_eucarioti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine_degli_eucarioti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origine degli eucarioti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origine_degli_eucarioti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistematica_degli_eucarioti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistematica_degli_eucarioti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sistematica degli eucarioti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistematica_degli_eucarioti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albero_filogenetico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albero_filogenetico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Albero filogenetico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albero_filogenetico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Superclassificazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Superclassificazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Superclassificazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Superclassificazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eukaryota</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 141 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-141" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">141 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioot" title="Eukarioot - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Eukarioot" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Eukaryoten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%89" title="حقيقيات النوى - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حقيقيات النوى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%89" title="حقيقيات النوى - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حقيقيات النوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1" title="সংকোষকেন্দ্ৰীয় জীৱ - assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সংকোষকেন্দ্ৰীয় জীৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariotlar" title="Eukariotlar - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Eukariotlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эукариоттар - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эукариоттар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Эўкарыёты - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эўкарыёты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Эўкарыёты - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эўкарыёты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Еукариоти - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еукариоти" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC" title="সুকেন্দ্রিক জীব - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুকেন্দ্রিক জীব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariot" title="Eukariot - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Eukariot" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioti" title="Eukarioti - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Eukarioti" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucariotes" title="Eucariotes - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eucariotes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%ADng-h%C5%8Fk_s%C4%95ng-%C5%ADk" title="Cĭng-hŏk sĕng-ŭk - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cĭng-hŏk sĕng-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Эукариоташ - ceceno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Эукариоташ" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ceceno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9_%DA%95%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زیندەوەرە ناوک ڕاستەقینەکان - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زیندەوەرە ناوک ڕاستەقینەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Эукариотсем - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эукариотсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewcaryot" title="Ewcaryot - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ewcaryot" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoter" title="Eukaryoter - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eukaryoter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eukaryoten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoty" title="Eukaryoty - basso sorabo" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Eukaryoty" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="basso sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%85%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Ευκαρυωτικά κύτταρα - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευκαρυωτικά κύτταρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%ADkariotoj" title="Eŭkariotoj - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eŭkariotoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukar%C3%BCoodid" title="Eukarüoodid - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eukarüoodid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioto" title="Eukarioto - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eukarioto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA" title="یوکاریوت - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوکاریوت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitotumaiset" title="Aitotumaiset - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aitotumaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioten" title="Eukarioten - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Eukarioten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89karyota" title="Ékaryota - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ékaryota" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%B9%B3%CC%82n-fu%CC%8Dt" title="Chṳ̂n-fu̍t - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chṳ̂n-fu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אאוקריוטים - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אאוקריוטים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="सुकेन्द्रिक - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुकेन्द्रिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioti" title="Eukarioti - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Eukarioti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoty" title="Eukaryoty - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Eukaryoty" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekary%C3%B2t" title="Ekaryòt - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ekaryòt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukari%C3%B3t%C3%A1k" title="Eukarióták - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eukarióták" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կորիզավորներ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կորիզավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucaryote" title="Eucaryote - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Eucaryote" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariot" title="Eukariot - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Eukariot" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eukariota" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Эукариоташ - ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Эукариоташ" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioto" title="Eukarioto - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Eukarioto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heilkj%C3%B6rnungar" title="Heilkjörnungar - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heilkjörnungar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="真核生物 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="真核生物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Eukariota" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ევკარიოტები - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ევკარიოტები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timzi%C9%A3wawin" title="Timziɣwawin - cabilo" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timziɣwawin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эукариоттар - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эукариоттар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%84%ED%95%B5%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="진핵생물 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="진핵생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariyot" title="Eukariyot - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Eukariyot" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Эукариот - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эукариот" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Eukaryoten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucariota" title="Eucariota - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eucariota" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarya" title="Eukarya - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Eukarya" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucariota" title="Eucariota - ladino" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Eucariota" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%94" title="ຢູກາຣີໂອດ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຢູກາຣີໂອດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariotai" title="Eukariotai - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Eukariotai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eikarioti" title="Eikarioti - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Eikarioti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota - menangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Eukariota" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="menangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Еукариоти - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Еукариоти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="യൂക്കാരിയോട്ടുകൾ - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യൂക്കാരിയോട്ടുകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Эукариот - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эукариот" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9B_%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯏꯌꯨꯀꯦꯔꯥꯢꯌꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯜ - manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯌꯨꯀꯦꯔꯥꯢꯌꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="सकेंद्रक सजीव - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सकेंद्रक सजीव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariot" title="Eukariot - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Eukariot" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB_%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD" title="နျူကလိယအစစ်ပါ သက်ရှိ - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နျူကလိယအစစ်ပါ သက်ရှိ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - napoletano" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoletano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Eukaryoten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota - nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Eukariota" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eukaryoten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotar" title="Eukaryotar - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Eukaryotar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoter" title="Eukaryoter - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eukaryoter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirmaat-dhugee" title="Wirmaat-dhugee - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Wirmaat-dhugee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Эукариоттæ - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Эукариоттæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80" title="ਸੁਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਣੀ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੁਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਣੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarionty" title="Eukarionty - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eukarionty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9" title="یوکیریوٹ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوکیریوٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA" title="یوکاریوت - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="یوکاریوت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucariote" title="Eucariote - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Eucariote" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Эукариоты - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эукариоты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Еукариоты - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Еукариоты" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Эукариот - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эукариот" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%A7" title="يوڪيريئوٽا - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يوڪيريئوٽا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariote" title="Eukariote - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eukariote" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoty" title="Eukaryoty - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Eukaryoty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evkarionti" title="Evkarionti - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Evkarionti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sell%C3%A2v%C3%A1%C3%A1imusliih" title="Sellâvááimusliih - sami di Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sellâvááimusliih" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami di Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukarioti" title="Eukarioti - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Eukarioti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Еукариоте - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Еукариоте" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariot" title="Eukariot - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Eukariot" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryoter" title="Eukaryoter - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eukaryoter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="மெய்க்கருவுயிரி - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெய்க்கருவுயிரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Эукариотҳо - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Эукариотҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95" title="ยูแคริโอต - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยูแคริโอต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96karyot" title="Ökaryot - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ökaryot" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Эукариотлар - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Эукариотлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Еукаріоти - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еукаріоти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%81" title="حقیقی المرکزیہ - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حقیقی المرکزیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukariotlar" title="Eukariotlar - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Eukariotlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Eukaryota" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt_nh%C3%A2n_th%E1%BB%B1c" title="Sinh vật nhân thực - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh vật nhân thực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryootn" title="Eukaryootn - fiammingo occidentale" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Eukaryootn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="fiammingo occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucariote" title="Eucariote - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Eucariote" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="真核生物 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="真核生物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ევკარიოტეფი - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ევკარიოტეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98" title="אייקאריאט - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אייקאריאט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Eukaryote" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="真核生物 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="真核生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin-hu%CC%8Dt_seng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chin-hu̍t seng-bu̍t - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chin-hu̍t seng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="真核生物 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="真核生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMvelendeni" title="IMvelendeni - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMvelendeni" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19088#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Eukaryota" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Eukaryota" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Eukaryota" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&oldid=143976399" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Eukaryota&id=143976399&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEukaryota"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEukaryota"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Eukaryota"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Eukaryota&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eukaryota" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19088" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143074810">.mw-parser-output .sinottico{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;border-spacing:0;clear:right;float:right;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em;margin:0 0 1em 1.5em;width:280px}.mw-parser-output .sinottico caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){background-color:#f3f3f3;border-right:1px solid #e5e5e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th{border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){padding:.25em .4em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td>hr:only-child{margin:0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico ul{margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata{border-spacing:0;margin:0 -.4em;width:calc(100% + calc(.4em*2))}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child{margin-bottom:-.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>th{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione+.sinottico_divisione>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata+.sinottico_divisione>th{border-top:2px solid #f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione th{background-color:#eeeeee;padding:.15em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede{text-align:center;font-size:90%;background:#EFEFEF}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede2{background-color:white;font-size:xx-small;padding-bottom:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_sottotitolo{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata th{background-color:#dedede;font-size:116%;padding:.2em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testo_centrale{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width:230px"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;"><div class="noprint" style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:70%;"><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Come leggere il tassobox"><img alt="Come leggere il tassobox" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/16px-Information-silk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/24px-Information-silk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/32px-Information-silk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" usemap="#ImageMap_37fb70b5d7ceee19" /></span><map name="ImageMap_37fb70b5d7ceee19"><area href="/wiki/Progetto:Forme_di_vita/Come_leggere_il_tassobox" shape="rect" coords="0,0,50,50" alt="Progetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox" title="Progetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox" /></map><figcaption>Come leggere il tassobox</figcaption></figure></div>Eucarioti</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg/220px-Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg/330px-Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg/440px-Eukaryota_diversity_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="919" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Qualche esempio della diversificazione del dominio <i>Eukaryota</i> – Da sinistra, in senso orario: <a href="/wiki/Osmia_rufa" title="Osmia rufa">Ape Rossa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porcino" title="Porcino">Fungo porcino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pan_troglodytes" title="Pan troglodytes">Scimpanzé</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotricha_intestinalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotricha intestinalis (la pagina non esiste)">Isotricha intestinalis</a> (un microorganismo unicellulare), <a href="/wiki/Ranunculus_asiaticus" title="Ranunculus asiaticus">Ranuncolo asiatico</a>, e <a href="/wiki/Volvox_carteri" title="Volvox carteri">Volvox carteri</a> (un'alga verde coloniale)</td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;">Intervallo geologico</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center; padding-bottom:2px;"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Orosiriano" title="Orosiriano">Orosiriano</a> (1950 Ma) - <a href="/wiki/Olocene" title="Olocene">recente</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:208.07692307692px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,214,123); background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(left, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1)); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(left, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1)); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1)); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambriano" title="Precambriano">PreЄ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,170,114); left:36.892307692308px; width:18.818461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">Є</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,169,138); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(166,223,197); left:69.926153846154px; width:8.1907692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Siluriano" title="Siluriano">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(221,150,81); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devoniano" title="Devoniano">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(63,174,173); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carbonifero" title="Carbonifero">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,88,60); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.816307692308px;"><a href="/wiki/Permiano" title="Permiano">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,78,150); left:134.65015384615px; width:17.217538461538px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassico" title="Triassico">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,187,231); left:151.86769230769px; width:19.055384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Giurassico" title="Giurassico">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(111,200,107); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretacico" title="Cretacico">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,161,99); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene"><small>Pg</small></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,221,45); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene"><small>N</small></a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:0px; width:220px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:0px; width:220px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:1px; width:218px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;"><a href="/wiki/Classificazione_filogenetica" class="mw-redirect" title="Classificazione filogenetica">Classificazione filogenetica</a></th></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">Dominio</a></th><td><b>Eukaryota</b> </td></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><small>(<a href="/wiki/Clade" class="mw-redirect" title="Clade">clade</a>)</small></th><td>(<b>Mundus</b>) <a href="/wiki/Biota_(ecologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Biota (ecologia)">Biota</a> </td></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><small>(<a href="/wiki/Clade" class="mw-redirect" title="Clade">clade</a>)</small></th><td>(<b>Arborea</b>) <a href="/wiki/Vita" title="Vita">Terroa</a> </td></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><small>(<a href="/wiki/Clade" class="mw-redirect" title="Clade">clade</a>)</small></th><td>(<b>Superimpero</b>) <a href="/wiki/Ribosa" title="Ribosa">Ribosa</a> </td></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><small>(<a href="/wiki/Clade" class="mw-redirect" title="Clade">clade</a>)</small></th><td>(<b>Impero</b>) <a href="/wiki/Cytota" title="Cytota">Cytota</a> </td></tr><tr> <th style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">Dominio</a></th><td><b>Eukaryota</b> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;"><a href="/wiki/Classificazione_scientifica" title="Classificazione scientifica">Classificazione classica</a></th></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">Dominio</a></th><td><b>Eukaryota</b> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;"><a href="/wiki/Regno_(biologia)" title="Regno (biologia)">Regni</a><br />(classica)</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><div style="background:lightgreen"><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae (Piante)</a></div> <div style="background:lightblue"> <a href="/wiki/Funghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Funghi">Fungi (Funghi)</a></div> <div style="background:pink"> <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia (animali)</a></div> <div style="background:khaki"> <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista (Protisti)</a></div> <div style="background:orange"> <a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">Chromista (Cromisti)</a></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color: plum; color: black;">Sottodomini<br />(filogenetica)</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><div style="background:lightgreen"><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Bikonta</a></div> <div style="background:pink"><a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Unikonta</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Gli <b>eucarioti</b> (<i><b>Eukaryota</b></i>, dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_greca_antica" title="Lingua greca antica">greco</a> εὖ <i>eu</i> «vero» e κάρυον <i>káryon</i> «nucleo»<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) sono, con i <a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">procarioti</a>, uno dei due <a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">domini</a> della <a href="/wiki/Classificazione_scientifica" title="Classificazione scientifica">classificazione</a> <a href="/wiki/Tassonomia" title="Tassonomia">tassonomica</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Organismo_vivente" title="Organismo vivente">esseri viventi</a>. Costituiscono il dominio più complesso e includono, secondo una classificazione classica, ormai obsoleta perché <a href="/wiki/Parafilia_(filogenesi)" title="Parafilia (filogenesi)">parafiletica</a>, cinque <a href="/wiki/Regno_(biologia)" title="Regno (biologia)">regni</a>: <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">piante</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">funghi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">animali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">protisti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">cromisti</a>. </p><p>Una classificazione più moderna, detta classificazione filogenetica, perché monofiletica rispetto alle comuni discendenze, contempla semplicemente due sottodomini: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Bikonta</a>, comprendente organismi <a href="/wiki/Autotrofia" title="Autotrofia">autotrofi</a> (incluse le Piante) e microorganismi aventi almeno due flagelli (per questo detti anche <i>Diphoda</i>), la maggior parte autotrofi anch'essi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Unikonta</a>, o Amorphea, comprendente organismi <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofia" title="Eterotrofia">eterotrofi</a>, quali <a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amebe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Funghi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animali</a> e altri microorganismi in passato classificati nel regno dei <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protisti</a> o <a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoi</a>.</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differenze_tra_eucarioti_e_procarioti">Differenze tra eucarioti e procarioti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Differenze tra eucarioti e procarioti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Differenze tra eucarioti e procarioti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I criteri per la distinzione dall'altro dominio, i procarioti, sono i seguenti: </p> <ol><li>Presenza di un <a href="/wiki/Nucleo_cellulare" title="Nucleo cellulare">nucleo cellulare</a> ben definito, isolato dal resto della <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellula</a> tramite una <a href="/wiki/Membrana_nucleare" title="Membrana nucleare">membrana</a> e contenente la maggior parte del materiale genetico rappresentato dal <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> (una parte minore è contenuta nei <a href="/wiki/Mitocondrio" title="Mitocondrio">mitocondri</a>).</li> <li>Presenza di un <a href="/wiki/Sistema_endomembranoso" title="Sistema endomembranoso">sistema endomembranoso</a>.</li></ol> <p>Gli eucarioti si distinguono dai procarioti anche per numerose caratteristiche a livello molecolare. Ad esempio: </p> <ul><li>Diverse proprietà delle sequenze <a href="/wiki/Genoma" title="Genoma">genomiche</a> regolatrici;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">Geni</a> organizzati in <a href="/wiki/Introni" class="mw-redirect" title="Introni">introni</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Esoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Esoni">esoni</a> con conseguente processamento (<i><a href="/wiki/Splicing" title="Splicing">splicing</a></i>) del trascritto primario (alcuni <a href="/wiki/Archea" class="mw-redirect" title="Archea">archei</a> possiedono introni ma la loro eliminazione avviene in modo diverso rispetto agli eucarioti);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trascrizione_(biologia)" title="Trascrizione (biologia)">Trascrizione</a> e <a href="/wiki/Traduzione_(biologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traduzione (biologia)">traduzione</a> di un trascritto sono eventi separati nello spazio e nel tempo;</li> <li>I trascritti eucariotici non sono quasi mai <a href="/wiki/Policistronico" class="mw-redirect" title="Policistronico">policistronici</a>, ossia portano una sola <a href="/wiki/Open_Reading_Frame" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Reading Frame">ORF</a>;</li> <li>Percentuale di DNA non codificante molto più elevata;</li> <li>DNA associato a <a href="/wiki/Istone" title="Istone">istoni</a> (anche gli archei hanno gli istoni);</li> <li>Diversa percentuale di <a href="/wiki/Guanina" title="Guanina">G</a>-<a href="/wiki/Citosina" title="Citosina">C</a> nel <a href="/wiki/Genoma" title="Genoma">genoma</a>;</li> <li>Presenza di <a href="/wiki/Colesterolo" title="Colesterolo">colesterolo</a> nella <a href="/wiki/Membrana_cellulare" title="Membrana cellulare">membrana cellulare</a>, tranne che nei funghi, nelle piante e in alcuni protisti.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Riproduzione">Riproduzione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Riproduzione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Riproduzione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le cellule degli eucarioti presentano due modi di divisione: la <a href="/wiki/Mitosi" title="Mitosi">mitosi</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Meiosi" title="Meiosi">meiosi</a>. </p> <ul><li>La mitosi è il processo di divisione cellulare che permette la crescita e il rinnovo dei tessuti. Nella mitosi la cellula si divide in due cellule identiche, con lo stesso numero di cromosomi della cellula madre, mantenendo così la caratteristica <a href="/wiki/Diploidia" title="Diploidia">diploide</a>.</li> <li>La meiosi, invece, è specifica delle <a href="/wiki/Cellula_germinale" title="Cellula germinale">cellule germinali</a> e porta alla formazione delle <a href="/wiki/Cellula_gametica" title="Cellula gametica">cellule gametiche</a>, destinate alla <a href="/wiki/Riproduzione_sessuata" title="Riproduzione sessuata">riproduzione sessuata</a>. La meiosi si svolge in due sequenze: dapprima una cellula diploide si sdoppia in due cellule <a href="/wiki/Aploidia" title="Aploidia">aploidi</a> (ovvero con una sola copia di ciascun cromosoma); successivamente queste due cellule si dividono formando alla fine quattro cellule aploidi.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/220px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/330px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/440px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>La teoria più accreditata sull'origine eucariota ipotizza la fusione biologica tra almeno due organismi procarioti: un <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">archaea</a> e un <a href="/wiki/Batterio" class="mw-redirect" title="Batterio">batterio</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine_degli_eucarioti">Origine degli eucarioti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Origine degli eucarioti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Origine degli eucarioti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Endosimbiosi" title="Endosimbiosi">Endosimbiosi</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>La transizione dai procarioti agli eucarioti ha rappresentato per molti studiosi uno dei passaggi evolutivi più importanti, secondo solo a quello dell'evoluzione delle <a href="/wiki/Fotosintesi_clorofilliana" title="Fotosintesi clorofilliana">cellule fotosintetiche</a>. Il problema di come possa essere avvenuto questo passaggio è stato argomento di accese discussioni. Secondo l'ipotesi più diffusa, per circa 2 miliardi di anni, quindi per un tempo maggiore della metà di quello trascorso dall'inizio della vita, sono esistite solo cellule <i>prokaryota</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'origine della cellula eucariota risalirebbe all'incirca a 1,7 miliardi di anni fa alla fine dell'<a href="/wiki/Era_geologica" title="Era geologica">Era</a> <a href="/wiki/Paleoproterozoico" title="Paleoproterozoico">Paleoproterozoica</a>, nel periodo <a href="/wiki/Statheriano" title="Statheriano">Statheriano</a>, dunque in pieno <a href="/wiki/Precambriano" title="Precambriano">Precambriano</a>, quando alcuni procarioti si stabilirono all'interno di altri organismi in una sorta di "simbiosi interna permanente". Esistono sufficienti prove che gli eucarioti derivano dai procarioti attraverso tale meccanismo di <a href="/wiki/Endosimbiosi" title="Endosimbiosi">endosimbiosi</a> (<i>Serial Endosymbiosis Theory</i>), ipotizzato in forma completa da <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Margulis" title="Lynn Margulis">Lynn Margulis</a> negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_sessanta" class="mw-redirect" title="Anni sessanta">anni sessanta</a> del <a href="/wiki/XX_secolo" title="XX secolo">XX secolo</a>. Tuttavia fossili di <a href="/wiki/Acritarchi" title="Acritarchi">acritarchi</a> retrodatano ad oltre 1950-2150 milioni di anni fa l'origine del dominio<sup id="cite_ref-Antiche_prove_di_metabolismo_eucariotico_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiche_prove_di_metabolismo_eucariotico-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Questa origine può essere distinta in due tappe: </p> <ul><li>la prima comporta la formazione del <a href="/wiki/Fagocita" title="Fagocita">fagocita</a> primario</li> <li>la seconda la non-digestione degli <a href="/wiki/Organelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Organelli">organelli</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mitocondri" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitocondri">mitocondri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cloroplasti" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloroplasti">cloroplasti</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistematica_degli_eucarioti">Sistematica degli eucarioti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Sistematica degli eucarioti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Sistematica degli eucarioti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png/310px-Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png/465px-Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png/620px-Eukaryote_Phylogeny.png 2x" data-file-width="1569" data-file-height="876" /></a><figcaption>Ipotesi relativa alle relazioni tra organismi eucarioti</figcaption></figure> <p>Secondo la <a href="/wiki/Tassonomia" title="Tassonomia">tassonomia</a> più antica, (anche se ormai obsoleta per vari aspetti), gli eucarioti pluricellulari venivano ripartiti fra i tre regni delle <a href="/wiki/Piante" class="mw-redirect" title="Piante">Piante</a>, dei <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Funghi</a> e degli <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animali</a>, mentre quelli unicellulari venivano di solito riuniti nel regno dei <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protisti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Robert_Whittaker" title="Robert Whittaker">Robert Whittaker</a> 1969, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Woese" title="Carl Woese">Carl Woese</a> 1977). </p><p>Successivamente le alghe unicellulari sono state incluse dalla maggioranza degli studiosi nel regno delle Piante e i rimanenti organismi unicellulari sono stati divisi da alcuni scienziati in regni separati: (<a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">Chromista</a> e <a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a> secondo <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavalier-Smith" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith">Thomas Cavalier-Smith</a>). </p><p>Recentemente (per es. Sina <i>et al.</i>, 2005<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keeling <i>et al.</i>, 2005), sulla base di caratteri strutturali e molecolari, è stato proposto di dividere gli organismi eucarioti in sei grandi gruppi (chiamati supergruppi) accettati universalmente, ma le cui relazioni e la cui monofilia non sono ancora completamente chiarite: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a> comprendente i vecchi regni <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a>, un piccolo gruppo di protisti con evidenti similarità nel <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> ma scarsa somiglianza morfologica. Ne fanno parte, ad esempio, i <a href="/wiki/Foraminiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminiferi">foraminiferi</a> e i <a href="/wiki/Radiolari" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiolari">radiolari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a> (comprende il regno <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a>, le alghe rosse, le alghe verdi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a> (comprende, tra gli altri, alghe unicellulari acquatiche componenti del fitoplancton, <a href="/wiki/Eterotrofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eterotrofi">eterotrofi</a> parassiti di animali, <a href="/wiki/Diatomee" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatomee">diatomee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alghe_brune" class="mw-redirect" title="Alghe brune">alghe brune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oomycota" title="Oomycota">oomiceti)</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a> che comprende diversi <a href="/wiki/Protisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Protisti">protisti</a> flagellati, ad esempio, le <a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglena</a>.</li></ul> <p>Tale proposta è stata poi arricchita di ulteriori raggruppamenti: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a> comprendente i vecchi regni <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sar_(Sistematica_biologica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sar (Sistematica biologica) (la pagina non esiste)">Sar</a>, ne fanno parte, ad esempio, i <a href="/wiki/Foraminiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminiferi">foraminiferi</a> e i <a href="/wiki/Radiolari" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiolari">radiolari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">Telonemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a> (comprende il regno <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a>, le alghe rosse, le alghe verdi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haptista" title="Haptista">Haptista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptista" title="Cryptista">Cryptista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picozoa" title="Picozoa">Picozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancyromonads&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancyromonads (la pagina non esiste)">Ancyromonads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apusomonadida" title="Apusomonadida">Apusomonadida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CRuMs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRuMs (la pagina non esiste)">CRuMs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breviates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Breviates (la pagina non esiste)">Breviates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemimastigophora" title="Hemimastigophora">Hemimastigophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a> che comprende diversi <a href="/wiki/Protisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Protisti">protisti</a> flagellati, ad esempio, le <a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglena</a>.</li></ul> <p>La proposta di classificazione attualmente più accreditata<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> suggerisce che gli organismi eucarioti possano venir suddivisi in due soli grandi cladi, detti sottodomini, sulla base della loro derivazione da organismi ancestrali con uno o due flagelli: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unikonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Unikonta">Unikonta</a> (comprende <a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a> e <a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a> della classificazione precedente)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Bikonta</a> (comprende tutti gli altri cladi)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Albero_filogenetico">Albero filogenetico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Albero filogenetico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Albero filogenetico"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first" style="font-size:80%; line-height:80%"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">  </span><b>Eukaryota</b><span style="white-space:nowrap;">  </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf" style="font-size:80%; line-height:80%"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Diphoda/Bikonta</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Eubikonta" title="Eubikonta">Eubikonta</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Hemimastigophora" title="Hemimastigophora">Hemimastigophora</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hemimastix_amphikineta.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hemimastix_amphikineta.png/60px-Hemimastix_amphikineta.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hemimastix_amphikineta.png/90px-Hemimastix_amphikineta.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hemimastix_amphikineta.png/120px-Hemimastix_amphikineta.png 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="827" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Diaphoretickes" title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/EuDiaphoretickes" class="mw-redirect" title="EuDiaphoretickes">EuDiaphoretickes</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Cryptista" title="Cryptista">Cryptista</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Rhodopicozoa" title="Rhodopicozoa">Rhodopicozoa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r108207381">.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.2em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.2em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Picozoa" title="Picozoa">Picozoa</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Alghe_rosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Alghe rosse">Alghe rosse</a> (Rhodophyta) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bangia.jpg/40px-Bangia.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bangia.jpg/60px-Bangia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bangia.jpg/80px-Bangia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="930" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glaucocystis_sp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glaucocystis_sp.jpg/60px-Glaucocystis_sp.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glaucocystis_sp.jpg/90px-Glaucocystis_sp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glaucocystis_sp.jpg/120px-Glaucocystis_sp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r108207381" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhiliphyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhiliphyta (la pagina non esiste)">Bhiliphyta</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Viridiplantae" title="Viridiplantae">Viridiplantae</a> (Piante verdi) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pediastrum_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg/60px-Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Pediastrum_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="373" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"><small> (+ <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloeomargarita_lithophora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gloeomargarita lithophora (la pagina non esiste)">Gloeomargarita lithophora</a></i>)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">AHTSAR </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">HTSAR </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Haptista" title="Haptista">Haptista</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg/60px-Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg/90px-Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg/120px-Raphidiophrys_contractilis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="523" data-file-height="525" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/TSAR" title="TSAR">TSAR</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">Telonemia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supergruppo_SAR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supergruppo SAR (la pagina non esiste)">SAR</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halvaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halvaria (la pagina non esiste)">Halvaria</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r108207381" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Stramenopiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopiles">Stramenopiles</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ochromonas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ochromonas.png/40px-Ochromonas.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ochromonas.png/60px-Ochromonas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ochromonas.png/80px-Ochromonas.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="635" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceratium_furca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/80px-Ceratium_furca.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/120px-Ceratium_furca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/160px-Ceratium_furca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ammonia_tepida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ammonia_tepida.jpg/60px-Ammonia_tepida.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ammonia_tepida.jpg/90px-Ammonia_tepida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ammonia_tepida.jpg/120px-Ammonia_tepida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="459" data-file-height="309" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Ancoracysta" title="Ancoracysta">Ancoracysta</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_(10388739803)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/55px-Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/83px-Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/110px-Euglena_mutabilis_-_400x_-_1_%2810388739803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="669" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Amorphea</a>/<a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Unikonta</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg/60px-Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg/90px-Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg/120px-Chaos_carolinensis_Wilson_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="405" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Obazoa" title="Obazoa">Obazoa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Apusomonadida" title="Apusomonadida">Apusomonadida</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Apusomonas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Apusomonas.png/60px-Apusomonas.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Apusomonas.png/90px-Apusomonas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Apusomonas.png/120px-Apusomonas.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="741" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holomycota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holomycota (la pagina non esiste)">Holomycota</a><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristidiscoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristidiscoidea (la pagina non esiste)">Cristidiscoidea</a><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r108207381" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleariida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nucleariida (la pagina non esiste)">Nucleariida</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fonticula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fonticula (la pagina non esiste)">Fonticula</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Holozoa" title="Holozoa">Holozoa</a><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesomycetozoea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesomycetozoea (la pagina non esiste)">Mesomycetozoea</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosporea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ichthyosporea (la pagina non esiste)">Ichthyosporea</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corallochytrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corallochytrea (la pagina non esiste)">Corallochytrea</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozoa (la pagina non esiste)">Filozoa</a><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filasterea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filasterea (la pagina non esiste)">Filasterea</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Choanozoa" title="Choanozoa">Choanozoa</a><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r108207381" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Choanomonada" title="Choanomonada">Choanomonada</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last" style="font-size:80%; line-height:80%">  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Superclassificazione">Superclassificazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Superclassificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Superclassificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r142475544">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione{text-align:center;vertical-align:top;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione tr th:first-child{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione caption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione tr th:first-child,.mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione caption{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a{color:var(--color-progressive)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a:visited{color:var(--color-visited)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a.new{color:var(--color-destructive)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a{color:var(--color-progressive)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a:visited{color:var(--color-visited)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-t-superclassificazione a.new{color:var(--color-destructive)}}</style> <table class="itwiki-t-superclassificazione" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="2"> <caption><i>Superclassificazione</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row">Mundus </th> <th colspan="12" style="background: cornflowerblue;"><a href="/wiki/Biocenosi" title="Biocenosi">Biota</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vita" title="Vita">Vitae</a> / Eobiontes </th> <th style="background: yellow;">Abiotic / <a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">Mineralia</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Arborea </th> <th colspan="11" style="background: darkcyan;"><a href="/wiki/Organismo_vivente" title="Organismo vivente">Terroa</a> / Terrabiota / Geobiota </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"><i>(<a href="/wiki/Vita_extraterrestre" class="mw-redirect" title="Vita extraterrestre">Eso-Terroan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Esobiologia" title="Esobiologia">Exobiota</a>?)</i> </th> <th style="background: yellow;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Superimpero </th> <th colspan="9" style="background: cyan;"><a href="/wiki/Ribosa" title="Ribosa">Ribosa</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: aquamarine;"><a href="/wiki/Aribosa" title="Aribosa">Aribosa</a> </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"> </th> <th style="background: yellow;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Impero </th> <th colspan="4" style="background: violet;"><a href="/wiki/Cytota" title="Cytota">Cytota</a> </th> <th colspan="5" style="background: deeppink;"><a href="/wiki/Acytota" title="Acytota">Acytota</a> / Aphanobionta </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"><a href="/wiki/Xenobiologia" title="Xenobiologia">Xenobiota</a> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"><a href="/wiki/Prione" title="Prione">Prioni</a> </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"> </th> <th style="background: yellow;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dominio </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: darkorange;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eukaryota</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: orange;"><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a> </th> <th colspan="3" style="background: red;"><a href="/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia)">Virii</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: maroon;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phage (la pagina non esiste)">Phagia</a> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"> </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"> </th> <th style="background: yellow;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Subdominio </th> <th style="background: brown;"><a href="/wiki/Unikonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Unikonta">Unikonta</a> </th> <th style="background: lime;"><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Bikonta</a> </th> <th style="background: indigo;"><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> </th> <th style="background: violet;"><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a> </th> <th style="background: coral;"><a href="/wiki/Virus_a_DNA" title="Virus a DNA">DNAvirus</a> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"><a href="/wiki/Virus_a_RNA" title="Virus a RNA">RNAvirus</a> </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"><a href="/wiki/Retrovirus" title="Retrovirus">Retrovirus</a> </th> <th style="background: blue;"><a href="/wiki/Batteriofago" title="Batteriofago">Bacteriophaga</a> </th> <th style="background: cyan;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virophaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virophaga (la pagina non esiste)">Virophaga</a> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"> </th> <th style="background: aquamarine;"> </th> <th style="background: cadetblue;"> </th> <th style="background: yellow;"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Legenda: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">Mineralia</a> / Abiotic<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - fattori non viventi<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (materia ambientale dell'ecosistema<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biota_(ecologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Biota (ecologia)">Biota</a> / Vitae / Eobiontes<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - fattori viventi (sistemi in uno stato energetico di disequilibrio stazionario in grado di dirigere una serie di reazioni chimiche<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <ul><li>(Arborea: <a href="/wiki/Esobiologia" title="Esobiologia">Exobiota</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - eventuale vita <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestre" title="Extraterrestre">extraterrestre</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;</li> <li>Arborea: <a href="/wiki/Organismo_vivente" title="Organismo vivente">Terroa / Terrabiota / Geobiota</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - vita terrestre<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aribosa" title="Aribosa">Aribosa</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> -Organismi biologici non contenenti <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> o <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, o molecole proteiche capaci di riproduzione<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xenobiologia" title="Xenobiologia">Xenoribosa / Xenobiota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prione" title="Prione">Prioni</a>;</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribosa" title="Ribosa">Ribosa</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - viventi basati su RNA o <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acytota" title="Acytota">Acytota</a> / Aphanobionta<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Luketa2012_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luketa2012-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - vita non <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellulare</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia)">Virus</a>; <ul><li>Virusa</li></ul></li> <li>Phage <ul><li>Virophaga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batteriofago" title="Batteriofago">Bacteriophaga</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cytota" title="Cytota">Cytota</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - vita cellulare; <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eukaryota</a>; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unikonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Unikonta">Unikonta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikonta" title="Bikonta">Bikonta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> David L. Nelson e Michael M. Cox, <span style="font-style:italic;">I principi di biochimica di Lehninger</span>, cap. 1, 5ª ed., Bologna, Zanichelli, 2010, p. 3, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-08-06403-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-08-06403-5">978-88-08-06403-5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/UBO3743519">UBO3743519</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) M. Rivera e J. Lake, <span style="font-style:italic;">The ring of life provides evidence for a genome fusion origin of eukaryotes</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7005/abs/nature02848.html">abstract</a>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nature</span>, n. 431, 9 settembre 2004, pp. 152-155, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature02848">10.1038/nature02848</a>. <small>URL consultato l'11 febbraio 2023</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20221019102053/https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02848">archiviato</a> il 19 ottobre 2022)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFFirket">Firket</a>, pp. 30-36</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Antiche_prove_di_metabolismo_eucariotico-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Antiche_prove_di_metabolismo_eucariotico_4-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Leiming Yin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105650"><span style="font-style:italic;">Microfossils from the Paleoproterozoic Hutuo Group, Shanxi, North China: Early evidence for eukaryotic metabolism</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Precambrian Research</span>, vol. 342, Feb 2020, p. 105650, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020PreR..34205650Y">2020PreR..34205650Y</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.precamres.2020.105650">10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105650</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Sina M. Adl <i>et al.</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015250/http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2005/fpl_2005_adl001.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology</span>, vol. 52, n. 5, ottobre 2005, pp. 399-451. <small>URL consultato il 29 luglio 2008</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2005/fpl_2005_adl001.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 24 settembre 2015)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Burki F., Pawlowski, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16829542"><span style="font-style:italic;">Monophyly of Rhizaria and multigene phylogeny of unicellular bikonts</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Mol. 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Evol.</span>, vol. 23, n. 10, ottobre 2006, pp. 1922-1930, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsl055">10.1093/molbev/msl055</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829542">16829542</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monografias.com/trabajos82/reinos-vida/reinos-vida2.shtml"><span style="font-style:italic;">Los reinos de la vida (página 2) - Monografias.com</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quizlet.com/7110136/print/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Print · History of time and life</span></a>.</cite> History of time and life</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120428212738/http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210243/Science%20Station/How%20living%20things%20interact%20with%20their%20environment/relationship%20of%20biotic%20and%20abiotic%20factors.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">biotic and abiotic</span></a> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210243/Science%20Station/How%20living%20things%20interact%20with%20their%20environment/relationship%20of%20biotic%20and%20abiotic%20factors.htm">url originale</abbr> il 28 aprile 2012)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id14772/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Vitae (living organisms)</span></a>.</cite> BioLib: Vitae, Living Organisms</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100614111911/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/1.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Biota - Classification - Systema Naturae 2000</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sn2000.taxonomy.nl</span> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/1.htm">url originale</abbr> il 14 giugno 2010)</small>.</cite> Sistema Naturae 2000 classification Biota</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.disf.org/CosaDevoSapere/Schroedinger.asp"><span style="font-style:italic;">DISF - Documentazione Interdisciplinare di Scienza e Fede</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencemag.org/content/132/3424/393.citation"><span style="font-style:italic;">Exobiology: Approaches to Life beyond the Earth</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csicop.org/sb/show/an_alien_taxonomy/"><span style="font-style:italic;">CSI</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406212827/http://projectlinnaeus.com/Terrabiota.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Terrabiota</span></a> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://projectlinnaeus.com/Terrabiota.htm">url originale</abbr> il 6 aprile 2013)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Yoichi Ezaki, Akira Yao e Jianbo Liu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioone.org/journals/Paleontological-Research/volume-13/issue-1/1342-8144-13.1.001/Preface-Palaeozoic-and-Mesozoic-Geobiota-During-Greenhouse-Intervals/10.2517/1342-8144-13.1.001.full"><span style="font-style:italic;">Preface: Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Geobiota During Greenhouse Intervals</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Paleontological Research</span>, vol. 13, n. 1, 2009/04, pp. 1–1, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2517%2F1342-8144-13.1.001">10.2517/1342-8144-13.1.001</a>. <small>URL consultato il 29 luglio 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.docstoc.com/docs/7600031/Toward-a-natural-system-of-organisms-Proposal-for-the"><span style="font-style:italic;">Toward a natural system of organisms Proposal for the</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2012/April/xna-hna-primordial-life-dna-evolution-chemistry.asp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Polymers perform non-DNA evolution</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.docstoc.com/docs/33709823/Toward-a-natural-system-of-organisms-Proposal-for-the-dominions"><span style="font-style:italic;">Toward a natural system of organisms Proposal for the dominions</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111021164506/http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/seminars/detail/60"><span style="font-style:italic;">A new mechanism of mass extinction - and 15 minutes about a new tree of life «Seminars «NAI «NASA Astrobiology</span></a> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/seminars/detail/60">url originale</abbr> il 21 ottobre 2011)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonName.aspx?id=71303&tree=0.1"><span style="font-style:italic;">Aphanobionta - Nomenclature & Taxonomy - The Taxonomicon</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luketa2012-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Luketa2012_22-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Luketa S., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150257/http://protistology.ifmo.ru/num7_4/luketa_protistology_7-4.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">New views on the megaclassification of life</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Protistology</span>, vol. 7, n. 4, 2012, pp. 218–237. <small>URL consultato il 15 novembre 2022</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://protistology.ifmo.ru/num7_4/luketa_protistology_7-4.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 2 aprile 2015)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonName.aspx?id=71304&tree=0.1"><span style="font-style:italic;">Superkingdom Acytota - Nomenclature & Taxonomy - The Taxonomicon</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-non-cellular-life.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">What is Non-Cellular Life?</span></a>.</cite> What Is Non-Cellular Life</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130525125054/http://projectlinnaeus.com/Cytota.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Cytota</span></a> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://projectlinnaeus.com/Cytota.htm">url originale</abbr> il 25 maggio 2013)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFirket" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Henri Firket, <span style="font-style:italic;">La cellula vivente</span>, traduzione di Giovanni Scattone, Roma, Newton Compton, 1994, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7983-399-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7983-399-5">88-7983-399-5</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominio_(biologia)" title="Dominio (biologia)">Dominio (biologia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peptidasi_del_segnale" title="Peptidasi del segnale">Peptidasi del segnale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regno_(biologia)" title="Regno (biologia)">Regno (biologia)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/eucariote" class="extiw" title="wikt:eucariote">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Eukaryota"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eukaryota?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="wikispecies:Eukaryota"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota?uselang=it">Wikispecies</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/eucariote" class="extiw" title="wikt:eucariote">Eukaryota</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eukaryota?uselang=it">Eukaryota</a></span></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikispecies"><img alt="Collabora a Wikispecies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/18px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/27px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/36px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="129" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikispecies</a></span> contiene informazioni su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eukaryota?uselang=it">Eukaryota</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryota&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/eucariote"><span style="font-style:italic;">eucariote</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19088#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/eukaryote"><span style="font-style:italic;">eukaryote</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19088#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFossilworks.org" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=306691"><span style="font-style:italic;">Eukaryota</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Fossilworks.org</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19088#P842" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biologia-it.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/pev/page3.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Eukaryota</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">biologia-it.arizona.edu</span>.</cite></li></ul> <table class="noprint wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Sistematica" title="Sistematica">Classificazione delle specie</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Haeckel</a> (1894)<br />Tre regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Copeland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Copeland (la pagina non esiste)">Copeland</a> (1938)<br />Quattro regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Whittaker" title="Robert Whittaker">Whittaker</a> (1969)<br />Cinque regni </th> <th style="vertical-align:bottom">Woese (1990)<br />Tre domini </th> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavalier-Smith" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith">Cavalier-Smith</a> (2004)<br />Due domini e sette regni </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background-color:plum"><b><a href="/wiki/Eukarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukarya">Eukarya</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background-color:plum"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eukaryota</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:pink"><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightblue"><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:BurlyWood"><b><a href="/wiki/Chromista" title="Chromista">Chromista</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:khaki"><b><a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:silver"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Monera</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:silver"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Monera</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:silver"><b><a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:darkgray"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:darkgrey"><b><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media 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332.838 22 Template:Clade"," 29.34% 145.021 1 Template:Tassobox"," 28.12% 139.010 1 Template:Infobox"," 20.48% 101.239 1 Template:Collegamenti_esterni"," 9.47% 46.803 1 Template:Intervallo_geologico"," 8.28% 40.913 1 Template:Fanerozoico_220px"," 6.62% 32.737 11 Template:Intervallo_geologico/bar"," 6.38% 31.535 1 Template:Interprogetto"," 5.21% 25.761 34 Template:Inizio_periodo"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.206","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6371431,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7fd96bd568-rsnmc","timestamp":"20250316180731","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Eukaryota","url":"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eukaryota","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q19088","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q19088","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributori ai progetti 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